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Academic literature on the topic 'Preferential treatment in the United States'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Preferential treatment in the United States"

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Gagné, Gilbert. "Free Trade and Cultural Policies: Evidence from Three US Agreements." Journal of World Trade 45, Issue 6 (December 1, 2011): 1267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2011045.

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Through preferential free trade agreements (FTAs), the United States seeks to secure concessions in sectors, such as cultural and audiovisual services, from which to set precedents for its next trade liberalization endeavours. Insisting on wide-ranging liberalization and predictable, clearly defined trade rules, the United States has used a top-down or negative list approach. Hence, sectors and measures, in the fields of services and investment, not specifically excluded are covered by liberalization commitments. On the other hand, states are encouraged to use a wide array of financial and regulatory instruments in the pursuit of cultural policies under the 2005 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Cultural Diversity Convention, which the United States has strongly opposed for its potential trade-restricting effects. In view of the deadlock in current multilateral trade negotiations, the hortatory character of the provisions of the Convention, and the US stance on the treatment of cultural goods and services in international economic exchanges, US FTAs are to prove the main source of legal constraints as to states' ability to pursue cultural policies.
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Oloyede, Ebenezer, Ivana Clark, Shubhra Mace, Eromona Whiskey, and David Taylor. "Clozapine augmentation with cariprazine for negative symptoms: a case series and literature review." Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology 12 (January 2022): 204512532110666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20451253211066642.

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Only about 50% of patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia respond to clozapine, and many more patients continue to experience ongoing and prominent negative symptoms. These negative symptoms, for which there are limited pharmacological options, may represent the greatest barrier to functional recovery. Cariprazine is a novel antipsychotic drug that is a partial agonist at dopamine D2 and D3 receptors with preferential binding to the D3 receptor, antagonism of 5HT2B receptors, and partial agonism at 5HT1A receptors. Cariprazine is currently licenced for the treatment of schizophrenia in Europe and the United States and has also been approved for bipolar disorder in the United States. There is a limited body of evidence to suggest clinical effectiveness as an augmentation strategy for negative symptoms in those treated with clozapine. In this case series, we present five cases of successful treatment of negative symptoms by clozapine combined with cariprazine in treatment-resistant psychosis.
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Jarvela, Stephen, Kevin Boyd, and Robert Gadinski. "TRANGUCH GASOLINE SITE CASE HISTORY." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-637.

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ABSTRACT A team, consisting of the United States Environmental Protection Agency; Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection; Pennsylvania Department of Health; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; United States Coast Guard and United States Army Corps of Engineers, has completed major steps to provide a safe and healthy environment for the residents of Laurel Gardens, Hazleton, PA. What started as a simple underground gasoline leak took on more serious dimensions when gasoline vapors were found in nearby homes. The investigation and mitigation expanded to include over 400 properties. The remediation consists of a ground water treatment system and a soil vapor extraction system. This paper and its presenters look at the critical aspects of this case as the investigation went from subsurface soil and ground water contamination impacting surface water to the contamination of indoor air. It examines the impact of preferential pathways that include sanitary and storm sewers as well as a 19th century abandoned coal mine. In addition to the technical aspects, this examination looks at the public health and community issues that have surrounded this case.
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Bemmels, Brian. "Gender Effects in Discharge Arbitration." ILR Review 42, no. 1 (October 1988): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979398804200105.

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This study investigates the effect of the gender of grievants and the gender of arbitrators on the decisions in 1,812 discharge cases in the United States from 1976 through 1986. The results indicate that, other things equal, in cases decided by male arbitrators women were 86 percent more likely to have their grievances sustained than were men. Women were also 32 percent more likely than men to receive a full reinstatement rather than a partial reinstatement from male arbitrators. There is little evidence of differential treatment of male and female grievants by female arbitrators, and no evidence that the preferential treatment of women by male arbitrators has declined over time.
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Yu, Chong Ho, and Kwok Tung Cheung. "Rethinking the Dworkinian Forward-Looking Approach: is Affirmative Action Compatible with Fairness?" European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 11, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v11i2.p166-174.

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Whether Affirmative Action is a proper way to accomplish social justice in terms of fairness has been an ongoing debate in the United States. Late philosopher Ronald Dworkin was a vocal supporter of Category 4 Affirmative Action, in which preferential treatments for minorities is justified. Dworkin emphasized a forward-looking approach as a means to achieve social justice and overall fairness. In his view, it is not sufficient for black applicants to enjoy preferential treatment now just because in the past their ancestors suffered due to slavery. Rather, a successful argument for affirmative action programs must include a forward-looking justification. To be specific, this policy promises a better educational environment in terms of diversity and promotes a less racially conscious society for all citizens. Additionally, Dworkin often cited the study entitled The Shape of the River to substantiate his claim that special treatment for minorities could amend social injustice and produce fairer outcomes. This article attempts to evaluate this Dworkinian theory on both the principle and practical levels. It concluded that while a neutral or non-interventional policy is insufficient to achieve racial equality, interventions in terms of special treatments and soft quotas are not yet shown to be fair in practice.
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Vaa, Leulu Felise. "The Future of Western Samoan Migration to New Zealand." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 2 (June 1992): 313–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100206.

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The history of Samoan migration to New Zealand, a demographic profile of the migrants, and the future of such migration are discussed. Migration became a serious phenomenon after independence in 1962, with primarily young, unskilled workers moving to take up jobs in the agricultural and service sectors. Remaining essentially unchanged since 1962, New Zealand's immigration policy gives preferential treatment to Western Samoans and recognizes their valuable labor contribution. The future of migration to New Zealand is discussed in the context of the costs and benefits to Western Samoa. Contrary to some observers, the author argues that emigration has been beneficial rather than deleterious to Western Samoa's development and predicts the continuation of Samoan migration to New Zealand, Australia, United States and other countries, with increased emphasis on family reunion.
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Loury, Glenn C. "Why Should We Care about Group Inequality?" Social Philosophy and Policy 5, no. 1 (1987): 249–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500001345.

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This essay is about the ethical propriety and practical efficacy of a range of policy undertakings which, in the last twenty years, has come to be referred to as “affirmative action.” These policies have been contentious and problematic, and a variety of arguments have been advanced in their support. Here I try to close a gap, as I see it, in this “literature of justification” which has grown up around the practice of preferential treatment. My principal argument along these lines is offered in the next section. I then consider how some forms of argument in support of preferential treatment, distinctly different from that offered here, not only fail to justify the practice but, even worse, work to undermine the basis for cooperation among different ethnic groups in the American democracy. Finally, I observe that as a practical matter the use of group preference can, under circumstances detailed in the sequel, produce results far different from the egalitarian objectives which most often motivate their adoption.It may seem fatuous in the extreme to raise as a serious matter, in the contemporary United States, the question “Why should we care about group inequality?” Is not the historical and moral imperative of such concern self-evident? Must not those who value the pursuit of justice be intensely concerned about economic disparities among groups of persons? The most obvious answer to the title question would seem, then, to be: “We should care because such inequality is the external manifestation of the oppression of individuals on the basis of their group identity.”
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Young, Michael N., and Justin Tan. "BEIJING JEEP AT A CROSSROADS: FACING THE CHALLENGE OF CHINA'S ENTRY INTO THE WTO." Asian Case Research Journal 05, no. 01 (June 2001): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927501000020.

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Beijing Jeep Corporation (BJC) was founded in 1984 as one of the first and largest joint venture between an American company (American Motors Corporation) and a Chinese enterprise. Early in its operation, BJC had been given preferential treatment on tariffs and foreign exchange. Since over forty percent of the content of BJC was produced in China, it had operated as a local manufacturer under heavy protection from imports for all of its short life. All this appeared to be on the brink of changing when trade negotiators for the United States and China announced, after thirteen years of on and off negotiations, the agreement on the terms for China's entry into the World Trade Organization. The terms of the agreement called for a steep reduction in tariffs for imported automobiles from nearly one hundred percent to twenty-five percent by 2006. This would have a direct impact on BJC performance. The case focuses on the strategic challenges facing companies in the changing trade and economic environment.
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Busse, Matt D., Gary O. Fiddler, and Carol J. Shestak. "Conifer Root Proliferation after 20 Years of Soil Compaction." Forest Science 63, no. 2 (February 2, 2016): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/fs-2016-053.

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Soil compaction is known to limit plant growth by reducing soil macroporosity and restricting gas, water, and root movement. Recent evidence from study sites across the United States and Canada, however, suggests that tree growth is not universally affected by soil compaction from forest harvesting practices. Our observational study examined rooting patterns in mixed conifer plantations in the central Sierra Nevada of California to determine whether tree roots use continuous pathways or channels to overcome the physical restrictions of compacted soil. Replicate plots were established 20–25 years earlier to compare compacted and uncompacted treatments after clearcut harvesting. Fine and lateral root counts were taken at multiple depths in soil trenches. Rooting was extensive in compacted plots despite consistently high soil strength values (~3 MPa). No differences in rooting patterns or in fine or lateral root numbers were detected between compaction treatments. The results indicated long-term tolerance by conifer roots to soil compaction without clear use of preferential channels or uncompacted zones.
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Wang, Xin. "The economic lives of American-trained Chinese scientists after they returned to China in the 1950s: A case study of Huang Pao-tung and Feng Zhiliu." Cultures of Science 3, no. 3 (September 2020): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2096608320959847.

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This article is a case study of Huang Pao-tung (1921–2005), who was a polymer chemist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his wife, Feng Zhiliu (1921–2015), who was a polymer physicist. The couple studied in America and returned to China in the 1950s. Based on an analysis of first-hand data from the two scientists’ archives, diaries and memoirs, which recorded their economic lives after they returned, I found as follows: (1) their income after returning to China was about one-fifth of their income in the United States; (2) their income channel was narrow (there was no mechanism for wage increases, and their wages were unchanged for 25 years); (3) the main expenditure of their family was on food, and that proportion increased year by year; and (4) no taxes, low rents, free medical care and other benefits helped to reduce their cost of living in China. The importance of their profession as scientists and the government’s advocacy of scholars returning home brought them relatively good treatment, and their economic benefits and living standard were several times better than those of other ordinary social classes. However, this kind of preferential treatment was dependent on many other things, which caused them to lose independence and autonomy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Preferential treatment in the United States"

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Bamfo, Joshua. "Assessing the impact of the United States unilateral Preferential Trade Agreement with sub-Saharan Africa." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 135 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1257806191&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Brent, Suzanne S. (Suzanne Stokes). "The History of Alcoholism Treatment in the United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277997/.

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The treatment of alcoholism has had a unique historical development in the United States. This study provides a chronology of how the problem of alcoholism was defined and handled during various time periods in United States history. The process that evolved resulted in an abstinence based, comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of alcoholism as a primary disease based on the principles of Alcoholics Anonymous. This treatment modality, that developed outside of established medicine, is currently used by the majority of treatment providers. Seven individuals who have been actively involved in alcoholism treatment were interviewed. In addition to archival research, biographies and autobiographies were examined to gain a broad perspective. Because alcoholism is both a collective and an individual problem an effort was made to include a microsociological frame of reference within a broad sociological view. Alcoholism, or inebriety, was first perceived as a legal and moral problem. By the end of the 19th century, inebriety was recognized as an illness differing from mental illness, and separate asylums were established for its treatment. Alcoholism is currently accepted and treated as a primary disease by the majority of social institutions, but the legal and moral implications remain. National Prohibition in the early part of the 20th century targeted alcohol instead of the alcoholic delaying any progress toward treatment which was made in the 19th century. The advent of Alcoholics Anonymous brought the first widely accepted hope for alcoholics. The treatment process that developed utilized the principles of Alcoholics Anonymous in a setting of shared recovery which has been difficult to quantify. In 1970 the allocation of federal funds for treatment and research brought the involvement of new disciplines creating both conflicts and possibilities. Alcoholism recovery has elucidated the connection of mind, body, and spirit.
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Covvey, Jordan R. "Analysis of treatment of respiratory disease in the United Kingdom and United States." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24276.

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Introduction: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affect 8% and 5% of the population, respectively, in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (USA). A variety of medicines are available but how they are utilised in real practice is not fully understood. The aim of this work was to describe and compare the treatment of asthma and COPD in the UK and USA. Methods: Three retrospective databases (two administrative and one electronic health record datasets) were formed from sources in National Health Service (NHS) Scotland, NHS Forth Valley, Scotland, and Kentucky, USA. Several analyses were conducted, including mapping and evaluation of national medicine utilisation, evaluation of adherence/persistence with chronic therapy, classification of therapy against guideline recommendations, and appraisal of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) prescribing. Results: National medicine utilisation figures indicated an increasing preference over time for combination therapy wit h ICS and long-acting beta agonist (LABA) inhalers. Therapy for asthma demonstrated some unanticipated trends, with widespread use of high-dose combination therapy in up to one-third of patients and a lack of standardised therapy approach by clinicians at step 2/3. For COPD, spirometry data was unable to verify diagnosis in up to a quarter of patients, and approximately one-third of patients received unlicensed doses of combination therapy. Adherence and persistence with chronic medicine in both databases was better amongst women, with advancing age and with oral therapy. Direct comparisons between the UK and USA were difficult due to the different healthcare structures and methods for data collection, but doses of ICS in children appeared more aggressive in the USA. Conclusion: The treatment of respiratory disease can be optimised in several clinical areas, most notably with ICS prescribing. Further research and quality improvement measures are needed to improve the care of respiratory disease.
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Valencia, Celina I., Kacey Ernst, and Cecilia Ballesteros Rosales. "Tuberculosis Treatment Completion in a United States/Mexico Binational Context." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625712.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a salient public health issue along the U.S./Mexico border. This study seeks to identify the social and structural factors, which are associated with TB disease burden in the binational geographic region. Identification of barriers of treatment completion provides the necessary framework for developing evidence-based interventions that are culturally relevant and context specific for the U.S./Mexico border region. Methods: Retrospective study of data extracted from medical charts (n = 439) from Yuma County Health Department (YCHD) (n = 160) and Centro de Salud San Luis Rio Colorado (n = 279). Patients currently accessing TB treatment at either facility were excluded from the study. Chi-square, unadjusted odds ratios, and logistic regression were utilized to identify characteristics associated with successful TB treatment in this population. Findings: The study population was predominantly male (n = 327). Females were more likely to complete TB treatment (OR = 3.71). The absence of drug use and/or the absence of an HIV positive diagnosis were found to be predictors of TB treatment completion across both clinical sites. Forty-four percent (43.59%) (n = 85) TB patients treated at CDS San Luis did not complete treatment versus 40.35% (n = 49) of TB patients who did not complete treatment at YCHD. Moving from the area or being deported was the highest category (20.78%) for incomplete TB treatment in the population (n = 64) across both clinical sites.
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Huntington, Brian Thomas. "Pathogenesis, presentation, and treatment of keratoconus within the United States." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12123.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University
Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory thinning of the cornea that can lead to an irregular conical shaped protrusion generally of the lower mid-peripheral nasal or temporal hemisphere of the cornea. This degenerative disorder has no known individual cause, nor does it have a known cure. Causes have been theorized to be multifactorial ranging from genetic disorders to environmental stimuli. Overall roughly 1 in 2,000 people suffer from the disorder. The treatment for keratoconus has generally focused on a broad range of different types of contact lenses, with the patients whose corneas degrade to dangerously thin limits or where visual acuity can no longer be corrected, become candidates for corneal transplant surgery. It is today the third most common cause for corneal transplant. This study focused on detailing the various treatment options keratoconus patients have, as well as what advances these treatments have each made in recent years. These treatments generally focus on maximizing visual acuity while attempting to retain the corneal protrusion. The other goal of these treatments is to push off the necessity for corneal transplant due to the risks of graft rejection, the risks of surgery, and the overall decrease in quality of life an implant can have on a patient’s life. The studies showed that treatment has come a long way, though there still remains to be a treatment that can appropriately halt the progression of keratoconus. This brings the paper to examine the role and potential impact corneal collage cross linking could have on keratoconus patients in the U.S. Corneal Collagen Cross Linking is a procedure where through riboflavin (vitamin B2) and UV-A light, collagen cross links can be induced within the corneal stroma. By linking the collagen polymers, it is theorized that this could permanently halt the progression of keratoconus. This treatment has been approved in Europe since 2006 and in Canada since 2008, but only entered into clinical trials within the U.S. in 2008. By performing an extensive literature review, it was concluded that corneal cross linking is a safe and effective method of treatment for keratoconus. Enough literature has been published by the international community over the past 15 years that the U.S. could have begun and concluded FDA clinical trials sooner. The treatment has the potential to halt the progression of keratoconus before it has any debilitating effects, though as of now is not available to most Americans. With the FDA likely to approve the procedure within the next year, keratoconus patients will have a new treatment option that will very likely substantially improve their quality of life.
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Fuentes, Sosa Ninfa. "Deep integration in the preferential trade agreements of Latin American countries and their global and regional partners (1982-2010)." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1006/.

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Even though for more than 15 years, deep integration in trade agreements has been a recurring topic for politicians, scholars, international institutions, non-governmental organizations, industry leaders and journalists; there is no consensus yet on what deep integration is, and how it can be assessed. There are continuous news reports about the efforts of political leaders to pursue deep integration, and constant mentions about the design of new treaties and mechanisms to achieve deep integration between countries. In general, the proliferation of trade agreements after the Second World War is widely acknowledged in international trade literature and is a trend that will continue in the near future. Along this trend, Latin American governments have established numerous trade agreements with developing and developed partners in all regions of the world. In addition, since the 1950s and 1960s, these governments have acknowledged trade integration as a mean to promote economic development, which makes it increasingly important to understand the wide differences in the nature and levels of deep integration in their trade agreements. Nevertheless, as in other regions, little attention has been paid to explain differences in the content of trade agreements. This research extends an endogenous trade theory framework, first to analyse limited liberalization; and second, to study a group of countries with particular characteristics of opacity and discretional decision-making. The framework adapts a categorization of deep integration, derives preferences of economic actors from economic trade theories, and extends aspects of veto player theory and access point theory to exploit further their potential as an integrated structure of analysis. Then, these three aspects are studied through a collective action framework. Finally, the insight of previous studies that have highlighted the importance of systemic and international variables in the formation and design of trade agreements is considered. The importance of systemic and international theories and variables is not contested; the domestic-level explanations are developed as a complement to the insight that theories of international relations have provided. Two main arguments are put forward The first one is that the underlying depth structure of the trade agreements studied fits a categorization of vertical and horizontal margins, which are qualitatively different: vertical policy benefits are broader and more excludable than horizontal ones. To test this argument, first, the complete texts of all dyadic trade agreements signed by Latin American countries from 1982 to 2010 (256 dyadic agreements) were manually coded to form a database of depth of provisions (a total of 28, 160 data points). To minimize error measurement, entries were compared with those of partially overlapping databases (publicly available or accessed by request). In the following areas, a total of 110 provisions per agreement were coded and measured: antidumping measures and countervailing duties, bargaining position, competition, decision power, dispute settlement mechanisms, environment, global and bilateral safeguards, government procurement, institutional capacities, investment, labour, legitimacy, permanency, number of members, rules of origin, services, technical barriers to trade, type of agreement, and support bodies and mechanisms. To the best of my knowledge, this is the most comprehensive and detailed database of the depth of provisions of trade agreements established by Latin American countries. Next, provisions were analytically assigned to each margin. At the horizontal margin, agreements vary in the extent of the areas covered, the barriers removed in each area, the limits placed to governments when domestic industries face injury, and the coverage and strength of the support and enforcement mechanisms in each area. At the vertical margin, agreements vary in type, legitimacy required for entry into force and for amendments, permanency, and scope of institutional capabilities. Finally, principal components analysis confirmed that each variable aligns in the component to which was analytically assigned. As expected, the analysis highlighted the existence of two main components, which corresponded to the vertical and horizontal margins. The second main argument in this research is that two main domestic aspects contribute to explain the wide variations in nature and levels of depth of the trade agreements established by Latin American countries after 1982. First, changes in the structure of concentration of the export sectors of Latin American countries. Second, the degree of political decisiveness and level of access of societal demands determined by the institutional settings of these countries. After most of the countries abandoned the economic model based in the substitution of imports, in the 1980s, the structure of the export sectors of the countries changed. Two forces pulled in different directions: unilateral liberalization towards concentration and diversification towards deconcentration. On the one hand, agreements vary in the extent of barriers removed in diverse trade related regulatory activities, and in the inclusion of support and enforcement institutions and mechanisms. This research argues that these aspects have implications over the economic benefits that different types of exporters are able to appropriate, and therefore over their preferences over aspects of deep integration and over the intensities of said preferences. Resourceful exporters with scale economies and/or fragmented production increased their static and dynamic gains from trade through vertical and horizontal integration. In addition, this research argues that the different extents of the governments’ political decisiveness and access to societal demands have important implications over the lobbying costs of levels and forms of deep integration, and therefore over the possibilities of different types of exporters to shape trade agreements according to their preferences and priorities. Combining the veto players theory and the access points theory (extending the former to consider competition from rents from lobbying, and extending latter to include settings of imperfect competition), suggests that decreases in the costs of lobbying veto players increased the possibilities of resourceful exporters with increasing returns to scale and/or fragmented production to achieve vertical integration. However, decreases in the costs of lobbying access points without veto power reduced these types of exporters’ advantages of capturing said points, which reflected negatively in horizontal depth. In these cases, predictions about deep integration based on of veto player theory and on access point theory, became conditional on the concentration of the export sector. Cross-sectional regression analysis was performed to test these arguments. The main results and those of robustness tests tended to show direct and indirect support for the arguments put forward in this research.
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Jones, Katherine Champe. "Training on the diagnosis, treatment, and referral of substance abusers and their families in AAMFT-accredited master's level marriage and family therapy programs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44115.

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Because of the prevalence of substance abuse in America and the association between this issue and common problems brought to the family therapist, it is important that family therapists be trained to diagnose and either treat or refer substance abusing clients and their families. This study gathered information from the Directors of Master's level family therapy programs accredited by AAMFT about the content and format of training that students in their programs receive preparing them to work with substance abusing families. Twenty of the 22 programs were represented by completed questionnaires. Five programs were reported as having a required substance abuse course; four, a popular elective. Three respondents reported plans to increase their coverage of the topic in their curricula.

The average of the responses for prevalence of substance abuse as a central issue in practicum cases was 30%. Although about 75% of the respondents believed that their graduates were ready to diagnose and refer these cases, only 25% believed that these same students were ready to treat substance abuse cases. Data showed that 40% of the respondents believed it advisable for AAMFT to require a separate course on substance abuse. Comments from those opposed to such a requirement noted the crowdedness of existing curricula, the importance of academic freedom, and the abundance of other topics to be covered.
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Schlosser, Allison V. "Subjectivity and Moral Personhood: An Ethnography of Addiction Treatment in the United States." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1528722783811988.

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Damachi, Udim T. "Treatment Trends for Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the United States." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1592171636938994.

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Groah, Joseph S. "Treatment of fourth class midshipmen : hazing and its impact on academic and military performance and psychological and physical health /." Thesis, access online version, 2005. http://www.usna.edu/IR/htmls/lead/database/cohort8/c08%5Foakes.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Preferential treatment in the United States"

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Has the Department of Justice given preferential treatment to the President and Vice President?: Hearing before the Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, July 20, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton). Notification to grant preferential treatment for Nigeria under the generalized system of preferences (GSP): Communication from the President of the United States transmitting notification of his intention to grant Nigeria preferential treatment under the generalized system of preferences (GSP), pursuant to Pub. L. 104-188, sec. 1952(a) (110 Stat. 1917). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton). Notification to grant preferential treatment for Nigeria under the generalized system of preferences (GSP): Communication from the President of the United States transmitting notification of his intention to grant Nigeria preferential treatment under the generalized system of preferences (GSP), pursuant to Pub. L. 104-188, sec. 1952(a) (110 Stat. 1917). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Murphy, Robert P. Investigation of apparent preferential treatment of a potential contractor by the U.S. Army Strategic Defense Command: Statement of Robert P. Murphy before the Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1989.

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United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton). A proclamation to amend the generalized system of preferences: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting the notification of suspension of preferential treatment for Belarus as a beneficiary developing country under the generalized system of preferences (GSP), pursuant to 40 U.S.C. app. 1515a(b). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Carlton, Dennis G. Animal protection: Treatment and welfare issues. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Kelley, Alison. Native Americans and the United States. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2002.

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Group, United States Office of National Drug Control Policy Treatment Outcome Working. Treatment protocol effectiveness study. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1996.

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Canada. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Indian affairs in Canada and the United States. Ottawa,Ont: Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, 1998.

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Seized: Searching for health in the United States. Tamarac, FL: Llumina Press, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Preferential treatment in the United States"

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Silver, John Russell. "United States." In History of the Treatment of Spinal Injuries, 99–133. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8991-8_5.

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Zapien, Nicolle. "Infidelity Today in the United States." In Clinical Treatment Directions for Infidelity, 16–29. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315213118-2.

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Ertz, Dewey J. "Treatment of United States American Indians." In Sourcebook of Treatment Programs for Sexual Offenders, 417–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1916-8_28.

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Peach, Richard K. "Clinical Intervention for Aphasia in the United States of America." In Aphasia Treatment, 335–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7248-4_14.

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Enneking, William F. "History of Orthopedic Oncology in the United States." In Cancer Treatment and Research, 529–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0284-9_32.

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Forrest, Jacqueline D. "Delivery of Abortion Care in the United States." In Prevention and Treatment of Contraceptive Failure, 175–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5248-8_26.

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Bacchus, James, and Inu Manak. "United States proposal on special and differential treatment." In The Development Dimension, 6–11. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon : New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Insights on international economic law: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003165521-2.

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Hadley, Scott, Emerson Floyd, John Zhao, and Philip Blazar. "Trends in Dupuytren Treatment in the United States." In Dupuytren Disease and Related Diseases - The Cutting Edge, 23–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32199-8_4.

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Baile, Walter F., Phyddy Tacchi, and Joann Aaron. "What Professionals in Healthcare Can Do: Family Caregivers as Members of the Treatment Team." In Cancer Caregiving in the United States, 103–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3154-1_6.

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Stubblefield, P. G. "Some Lessons from the United States Experience with Legal Abortion." In Prevention and Treatment of Contraceptive Failure, 119–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5248-8_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Preferential treatment in the United States"

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Ruby, JM, H. Zhong, KR DelPizzo, A. Illescas, J. Poeran, J. Liu, C. Cozowicz, and SG Memtsoudis. "B430 Disparities in paediatric fracture treatment in the United States." In ESRA Abstracts, 39th Annual ESRA Congress, 22–25 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.506.

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Esrig, Melvin I., Peter E. Mac Kenna, and Edward P. Forte. "Ground Stabilization in the United States by the Scandinavian Lime Cement Dry Mix Process." In Third International Conference on Grouting and Ground Treatment. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40663(2003)24.

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Greenman, William, and Kimberly Cole. "Management of Mixed Hazardous and Radioactive Waste in the United States." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1233.

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Abstract In the United States, mixed-waste is typically defined as waste that contains both radioactive constituents and non-radioactive constituents that pose a threat to human health or the environment (hazardous waste). Prior to 1986 the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) had sole regulatory authority over mixed-waste because of its radioactive constituents. In 1986, however, the U.S. Environmental Protections Agency (EPA) was granted regulatory authority over the hazardous constituents in mixed-waste; and, a system of dual regulation was created. Dual regulation of mixed-waste by the EPA and the NRC has caused significant problems for the regulated community. The burden of dual regulation has contributed to the slow development of treatment technologies, and to the overall lack of treatment capacity available to U.S generators of mixed-waste. This paper reviews the requirements that the EPA and the NRC mandate with regard to mixed-waste generation, treatment and disposal; and it explores technical impacts of those requirements as they relate to generators, treatment facilities and the public.
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Marshall, A., K. Gupta, M. Pazirandeh, M. Bonafede, and D. McMorrow. "THU0640 Pharmacological treatment among newly diagnosed patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the united states." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.2630.

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Bautista, A., A. Kasahara, T. M. Fernandes, A. Hsiao, K. M. Kerr, S. J. Kligerman, M. M. Madani, et al. "Evolution Towards Multimodal Treatment of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Single High-Volume United States Center Experience." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1632.

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Marinelli, John P., Samuel A. Spear, Debbie L. Hahs-Vaughn, Robert J. Macielak, Michael J. Link, Allison Feldman, Chad Nye, and Matthew L. Carlson. "Regional Variation in Patient Participation and Treatment among Acoustic Neuroma Association Survey Respondents Across the United States." In 30th Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702752.

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Rahmati, Roxana, Dibyendu Sarkar, Viravid Na nagara, Zhiming Zhang, and Rupali Datta. "REMOVAL OF PHOSPHORUS BY DRINKING WATER TREATMENT RESIDUALS COLLECTED FROM VARIOUS GEOGRAPHIC LOCATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-356882.

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Ogneva-Himmelberger, Yelena. "Spatial Analysis of Drug Poisoning Deaths and Access to Substance-use Disorder Treatment in the United States." In Special Session on GIS in Healthcare. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007828703150321.

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Monberg, M., J. Hall, R. Moon, K. McLaurin, and T. Dalvi. "EP931 Variations in BRCA screening and treatment patterns among ovarian cancer patients in Europe and the United States." In ESGO Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.977.

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Wu, C., L. Tam, J. Clark, and P. Rosenfeld. "Dioxin and furan blood lipid concentrations in populations living near four wood treatment facilities in the United States." In AIR POLLUTION 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air090291.

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Reports on the topic "Preferential treatment in the United States"

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Terlizz, Emily, and Tina Norris. Mental Health Treatment Among Adults: United States, 2020. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:110014.

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This report examines the percentage of adults who have taken medication for their mental health or have received counseling or therapy from a mental health professional in the past 12 months by select characteristics based on data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey.
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Terlizzi, Emily, and Tina Norris. Mental Health Treatment Among Adults: United States, 2020. National Center for Health Statistics ( U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:110593.

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This report examines the percentage of adults who have taken medication for their mental health or have received counseling or therapy from a mental health professional in the past 12 months by select characteristics based on data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey.
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Terlizzi, Emily, and Jeannine Schiller. Mental Health Treatment Among Adults Aged 18–44: United States, 2019–2021. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:120293.

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This report describes trends in the percentage of adults aged 18–44 who had received any mental health treatment, defined as having either taken medication for mental health, received counseling or therapy, or both, in the past 12 months by selected characteristics based on data from the 2019–2021 National Health Interview Survey.
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Steenhuis, Tammo S., Israela Ravina, Jean-Yves Parlange, Rony Wallach, and Larry D. Geohring. Improving Preferential Flow Modules by Experimentation. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570552.bard.

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Preferential flow is the process whereby water and solutes move by preferred pathways. During preferential flow, local wetting fronts propagate to considerable depths in the soil profile, essentially bypassing the matrix pore space. Under such conditions classical methods, such as the convective-dispersive equation, for quantifying flow of water and solutes in uniform soils are not valid. This project set out to develop methods to predict fast and early breakthrough of solutes. To facilitate understanding of these processes, several field drainage studies were conducted in the United States and Israel. In both countries, solutes moved rapidly down and could be found below 1 m depth soon after application. Based on these experiments, we developed and validated a number of modules to predict the solute concentration of the preferentially moving water in the vadose zone. We also successfully simulatd the initial high solute concentration in agriculturel tile lines shortly after the chemical was applied. The understanding gained on fast transport of agri-chemicals is instrumental in developing management practices to reduce the nonpoint sources and to increase the leaching efficiency of salt affected soils.
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Chen, Jen-Jen H. Adherence to Hypercholesterolemia Management Guidelines By Health Care Providers in a United States Air Force Medical Treatment Facility. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1012387.

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Chen, Jen-Jen H. Adherence to Hypercholesterolemia Management Guidelines by Health Care Providers in a United States Air Force Medical Treatment Facility. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada421097.

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Nielsen, Alexandra. Quantifying Spatial Potential Access Equity in an Agent Based Simulation Model of Buprenorphine Treatment Policy in the United States. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6400.

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Pengilly, Paula L. Adherence to the Otitis Media with Effusion Clinical Practice Guideline By Providers in a United States Air Force Medical Treatment Facility. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1012175.

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Jain, Theresa B., Mike A. Battaglia, Han-Sup Han, Russell T. Graham, Christopher R. Keyes, Jeremy S. Fried, and Jonathan E. Sandquist. A comprehensive guide to fuel management practices for dry mixed conifer forests in the northwestern United States: Mechanical, chemical, and biological fuel treatment methods. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rn-61.

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Candrilli, Sean D., and Samantha Kurosky. The Response to and Cost of Meningococcal Disease Outbreaks in University Campus Settings: A Case Study in Oregon, United States. RTI Press, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.rr.0034.1910.

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Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a contagious bacterial infection that can occur sporadically in healthy individuals. Symptoms are typically similar to other common diseases, which can result in delayed diagnosis and treatment until patients are critically ill. In the United States, IMD outbreaks are rare and unpredictable. During an outbreak, rapidly marshalling the personnel and monetary resources to respond is paramount to controlling disease spread. If a community lacks necessary resources for a quick and efficient outbreak response, the resulting economic cost can be overwhelming. We developed a conceptual framework of activities implemented by universities, health departments, and community partners when responding to university-based IMD outbreaks. Next, cost data collected from public sources and interviews were applied to the conceptual framework to estimate the economic cost, both direct and indirect, of a university-based IMD outbreak. We used data from two recent university outbreaks in Oregon as case studies. Findings indicate a university-based IMD outbreak response relies on coordination between health care providers/insurers, university staff, media, government, and volunteers, along with many other community members. The estimated economic cost was $12.3 million, inclusive of the cost of vaccines ($7.35 million). Much of the total cost was attributable to wrongful death and indirect costs (e.g., productivity loss resulting from death). Understanding the breadth of activities and the economic cost of such a response may inform budgeting for future outbreak preparedness and development of alternative strategies to prevent and/or control IMD.
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