Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Precolombian'
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Stellian, Tatiana. "Les plantes en contexte funéraire: une approche archéobotanique de la côte centrale du Pérou (10ème siècle- 15ème siècle)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/220936/4/Resume.pdf.
Full textThe present investigation focuses on the archeobotanical remains discovered in Pachacamac’s Cemetery I by the Projet Ychsma, and Cemetery 22 de Octubre in Armatambo excavated by Díaz and her team. The funerary contexts of both sites pertain to the Ychsma culture (10th-15th centuries). The aim of this carpological investigation is to answer three questions: 1) Is it possible to establish a model of archaeobotanical grave goods? What about the plants that were used in the realisation of the bundles? 2) What is (are) the criterion (criteria) that could have influenced the archaeobotanical grave goods and the plants used in the making of the bundles? At what level(s) is this influence leaves its mark? 3) What about the presence of exogenous taxa or particular taxa or taxa which appear only in one tomb? In order to answer these questions, I analysed the archaeobotanical remains of each sites separately, using a syn- and diachronic perspective. I realised analyses in terms of presence/ absence, as well as frequency of taxa in the funerary contexts, by taking into account the burials as a whole, but also by separating them according to various criteria (age, sex, relative social ranking). Thereafter, I compared the results of both sites. I would not discuss the research results in detail here, but I will limit myself to mentioning the main conclusions: 1) it seems that there was no typical grave good taxon; 2) alimentary offering appear in all the categories; 3) other factor (among others the emotional connection to the deceased, the possible ideological manipulation of the dead by the living and the symbolism of the taxa) influenced the presence of taxa; 4) Gossypium barbadense was a typical taxon among the plants participating in the realisation of funerary bundles. This research has led to the appearance of new questions. By conducting statistical investigations and by gathering samples from various Ychsma sites, it will be possible to treat these new questions in the future.
Doctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Aguirre, Merino Christiam Paúl. "Agricultura precolombina kañari, sistemas de cultivos agroecológicos y transformación de paisajes agrìcolas: arqueobotánica en la Cuenca del Chanchán (Andes Centrales del Ecuador)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672060.
Full textLa investigación muestra información inédita sobre un conjunto de datos arqueobotánicos obtenidos en las excavaciones arqueológicas de sitios de producción agrícola prehispánicos localizados en la cuenca del Chanchán (543 AC–1438 DC). Estos proporcionan la primera evidencia arqueobotánica de la región y de los Andes del Ecuador. Los resultados han permitido caracterizar como las sociedades Andinas prehispánicas gestionaron sus sistemas de cultivos agroecológicos para la producción del maíz (Zea mays) durante una larga trayectoria histórica de 2000 mil años. Se demuestra que la elasticidad de la agricultura Andina puede ser sostenida bajo modelos de intensificación progresiva, sin que esto representase un retroceso natural de los procesos ecosistémicos en sus campos de cultivos. Los sistemas de cultivos incluyeron prácticas agroecológicas en beneficio del cuidado de las plantas de importancia económica y de una agrobiodiversidad conscientemente seleccionada. La agricultura surgiría y se prolongaría de manera extensiva en campos permanentes por alrededor de 783 años, posteriormente se intensificaría en el uso de la tierra con la construcción de terrazas agrícolas por un lapso de 386 años y, finalmente, esta intensificación se regularía agroecológicamente mediante la aplicación de principios ecológicos durante 812 años hasta el umbral de la civilización Andina.
The research shows unpublished information on a set of archeobotanical data obtained in archaeological excavations of pre-Hispanic agricultural production sites located in the Chanchán basin (543 BC-1438 AD). These provide the first archeobotanical evidence for the region and the Andes of Ecuador. The results have made it possible to characterize how the pre-Hispanic Andean societies managed their agro-ecological crop systems for the production of corn (Zea mays) during a long historical trajectory of 2000 thousand years. It is shown that the elasticity of Andean agriculture can be sustained under models of progressive intensification, without this representing a natural regression of the ecosystem processes in their crop fields. The cropping systems included agroecological practices to benefit the care of economically important plants and consciously selected agrobiodiversity. Agriculture would emerge and extend extensively in permanent fields for around 783 years, later it would intensify in the use of the land with the construction of agricultural terraces for a period of 386 years and, finally, this intensification would be agroecologically regulated through application of ecological principles for 812 years until the threshold of Andean civilization.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Arqueologia Prehistòrica
Millones, Luis. "Los cazadores del antiguo Perú: economia y ritual de la cinegetica precolombina." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115435.
Full textOlivero, Pacheco Nora. "El derecho precolombino y el derecho indiano y las invasiones de tierra." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116372.
Full textHerrera, Donoso Pía Marisol. "Medio didáctico aplicado al aprendizaje del arte precolombino en NB3." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/100847.
Full textTous, Mata Meritxell. "De la Gran Nicoya precolombina a la provincia de Nicaragua, s. XV y XVI." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/701.
Full textSimmonds, Caldas Patricia Catalina. "¿Es necesario el mundo precolombino? Colombia, un ejemplo a tener en cuenta." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399723.
Full textThe pre-Columbian world, linked in its past to Museo del Oro, has impacted academic, intellectual, and artistic thinking in Colombia since the second half of the Twentieth century. Even today, it continues to do so under the auspices of centers such as Musa Archeological Museum or the Arts Faculty at Universidad Nacional. This situation comes in contrast with its daily use as part of the common language, in which its visual forms are specially valued. Written off almost completely by scientific thinking, fixed on the necessity of protecting and acknowledging the patrimony of the nation, its importance is being questioned. This circumstance thus obliges to immerse in its identities, its heritages, and its belongings, as well as in its meanings and esthetics, which are intertwined in the thinking and culture of the Western World. Regarding the pre-Columbian world, an acquired heritage and social product, this work concludes that its visual, artistic, and conceptual reasons are necessary because they create and foment our identity. Therefore, ignoring the pre-Columbian world amount to ignoring, among many other aspects, a universal identity provided by the History of Art, thus missing an enriching reading in the country’s past and present.
Yupa, Villanueva Luisa Janet. "Redescubriendo la arquitectura precolombina: la deriva como método de lectura en el caso de Tambo Colorado." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13405.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to research pre-Columbian architecture and the character it acquires in contemporary times. To achieve this, the Tambo Colorado archeological complex is used as a case study in order to test and investigate different forms of reading the architecture that emphasize experience and sense of place between architecture and its territory. Archeology and architecture are the two disciplines that provide valuable tools for the study of archeological sites. They both use analytical variables and study documentation to reach a formal and/or historical compression. However, to what extent can you generate a personal reading of these pre-existing spaces? Is it possible to use or inhabit them? In an attempt to answer these questions, the thesis proposes to complementary forms of approximation and appropriation of these preexisting spaces that may exist outside the realm of traditional architectural and archeological research. These complementary forms come from two artistic practices of the twentieth century, the first, the application of the concept of entropy proposed by Robert Smithson, the second the Situationist Derivation method. Entropy allows for the reading of the architectural object in another dimension of temporal assessment while the Derivation generates new discoveries on existing things from guidelines and instructions that look for a path directed by the senses. To apply these two practices or methods in the architectural field, they are directly transferred from the artistic field. This results in another way of reading the site. These methods aim to create mediation between the architecture, the place and the visitor that is replicated in a case-by-case basis, even beyond Tambo Colorado
Tesis
Bonilla, Heraclio. "Carlos Sempat Assadourian, El sistema de la economía colonial. mercado interno, regiones y espacio economico (lima: iep, 1982)." Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118027.
Full textBeltrán-Caballero, José Alejandro. "Agua y forma urbana en la América precolombina: el caso del Cusco como centro del poder inca." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/130017.
Full textOrigin and development of some of the world's most important pre-industrial cultures was based on the application of sustainable strategies for the management of water resources. Research in the 20th century described these cultures under the common heading of "hydraulic societies", occasionally forgetting the enormous diversity of technical solutions applied by every culture in its relationship with the natural environment. This dissertation aims to return to the study of these "societies" in American from the case of Cusco, capital of the Inca State. Agua y forma urbana en la América precolombina: el caso del Cusco como centro del poder Inca (Water and urban form in pre-Columbian America: the case of Cuzco as Center of Inca power) seeks to put in the American context determinants and actions that made this city a planned event, a case that connects with the long Andean tradition of transformation of the territory linked to extensive agrarian societies, first on the coast and then in the sierra. The foundation of Cusco involved the complete reorganization of the natural environment in the Valley of the river Watanay. The group of strategies applied for water management marked the formal definition not only of its Representative Center but also the great urban aggregate that constituted the capital of Tawantinsuyu. The number of executed works although transformed the Valley do not put at risk its natural balance. The work of land drainage, torrents channelling and construction of terraces and settlements guaranteed in a balanced way with the water resources of the Valley, the maintenance of the apparatus of the capital of the Inca State. We know that the case of Cusco is an example of a millennial cultural process. To understand the roots of this phenomenon it is necessary to make a journey in history through the natural changes of the Valley of Cusco, its first inhabitants, the societies that lived before the Incas and their emergence and expansion from regional to continental. We will go in depth in the reconstruction of the Representative Center of Cusco as an example of sacralisation of a space, and as a unifying fact of the strategy of water at the entire basin level. The design of the center created a specific framework, linked to the sacred, to natural events such as expressions of beings immortalized in nature. Springs, rocks, rivers and mountains influenced the spatial relationships at all levels; they were references, ceremonial sequences, limits, and memory. The case of Inca Cusco illustrates a way of thinking, understanding the natural environment not only as the context for the development of an activity, but as the facilitator in itself of human activities: a being with who it was possible to established communication through physical expressions of human intervention premise under which life at all levels would be structured. Study on water management of in pre-Columbian America has turned around to the technological level reached by pre-industrial societies. But the success of this enterprise did not simply rely on a technological premise. Throughout this dissertation, we will see how this progress was the result of a millennial cultural context; their world view allowed them to incorporate, at all levels, patterns of behaviour and organization based on the understanding of the environment as an expression of their own being. Without this "empathy" with the natural context, it would have been very difficult for these peoples to generate answers that today could be described as clever, responsible and respectful with the environment. The case of Cusco is only one among the many that can be studied in the American context. For this reason, a final reflection add to the discussion a brief review of different cultures which, each in its own particular natural environment, were able to generate a true symbiosis (human-work-environment) and responded to the challenges of nature of ingenious and sophisticated way.
Greco, Maria Letizia. "Proposta di traduzione di alcuni pannelli museali della sezione precolombiana del Museo Internazionale delle Ceramiche di Faenza." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textRodríguez, Canales Javier Fernando. "La integración entre lo precolombino y lo moderno en la xilografía de Julio Camino Sánchez." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16269.
Full textCrousse, Rastelli Verónica. "Reencontrando la espacialidad en el arte público del Perú." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1551.
Full textLa motivación para investigar estos temas se explica por las continuas polémicas acerca de la gestión del espacio público local donde se evidencia la desconexión entre los proyectos propuestos o ejecutados con los avances del arte público internacional, así como la falta de atención a la herencia cultural local, cuyas potencialidades como referente, no solo formal, no se están aprovechando.
Además, las actuaciones locales muestran problemas de carácter conceptual y metodológico, donde se hace evidente la necesidad de plantear una renovación. Ésta se podría llevar a cabo -es nuestra hipótesis- tanto integrando las experiencias urbanísticas, sociales y las políticas de gestión del arte público de otras ciudades, como recuperando los principios de uso y modelación del territorio en la época precolombina.
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo concreto, en primer lugar, sentar las bases conceptuales y metodológicas que permitan incluir el arte público contemporáneo en las ciudades peruanas respetando sus tradiciones e identidad cultural y, en segundo lugar, elaborar propuestas de buenas prácticas para la gestión y producción del arte público, especialmente dirigidas a los funcionarios públicos y artistas locales.
Para abarcar un tema tan amplio, ha sido necesario plantear esta investigación explorando diferentes campos disciplinares y enlazando referencias culturales heterogéneas, pero buscando siempre aquellos valores y principios que, siendo contemporáneos, sean también cercanos a nuestra propia tradición y especificidad cultural.
En este sentido se ha comenzado estudiando el Land art, que desde fines de los años '60 ha experimentado la relación obra-contexto, abriendo un nuevo espacio artístico que integra el paisaje y la arquitectura y que ubica su centro significativo ya no en el objeto y la representación sino en la función y en la dicotomía natural/cultural. Muchas de estas ideas han revertido en el entorno urbano a través de obras espacializadas, parques escultóricos y jardines, confrontando a los artistas con las restricciones y necesidades del espacio público urbano y extraurbano.
Así, el concepto de arte público se ha ido desarrollando y en este proceso las experiencias y las prácticas de los programas de arte de las ciudades han sido fundamentales. Como ejemplo de ello, hemos analizado los criterios que han guiado la permanente inclusión del arte público en Barcelona desde la década de los ochenta.
Dentro del contexto peruano, se ha hecho un análisis de la configuración del paisaje en el Perú, empezando desde la modelación del territorio precolombino, su espacialidad y su complementariedad entre obra y entorno, identificando puntos de encuentro con la espacialidad del arte contemporáneo analizado anteriormente.
A continuación hemos analizado las tendencias contemporáneas de arte público y de configuración de espacios públicos peruanos, tanto en la producción especializada -concentrada principalmente en Lima- como la mayoritaria producción informal o no profesional, así como los contados casos del arte público peruano en que lo precolombino ha sido tomado como referente.
Con esto hemos constatado que si bien los valores espaciales precolombinos se han casi perdido y ya no forman parte del diseño de los espacios públicos oficiales, sin embargo sobreviven de manera inconsciente en ciertas manifestaciones espontáneas, utilitarias y productivas, de los entornos rurales.
Finalmente, el análisis, relación y confrontación de todos estos temas ha sido fundamental para elaborar los lineamientos y buenas prácticas para el arte público peruano, planteándolos como una convergencia entre los principios y criterios del arte contemporáneo y los valores de la espacialidad y del paisaje en el Perú.
The research undertaken in this doctoral thesis examines the existing challenges in public art and the configuration of public spaces in present day Peru.
The motivation to look into this issue arose from the detachment between local public art production and current international tendencies as well as the disregard for local cultural legacy. This condition not only fails to make use of the principles of the cultural legacy but also is unable to use them in public space situations where they are sought.
After studying artistic expressions and the configuration of public spaces in this country, we find conceptual as well as methodological predicaments. The patent needs to integrate the notions and functions of contemporary public art become evident and also the conceptual reinterpretation of pre-Columbian spatiality as regards modelling of the landscape.
A central aim of this study is to contribute with specific guidelines concerning coherent practises in public art, which will enable local policy to incorporate contemporary public art in the design of Peruvian public spaces.
In order to cover such an extensive theme, the research has been projected employing an interdisciplinary approach covering diverse cultural references and probing such principles that while retaining their contemporariness are close to our own cultural tradition. Attention has been placed on contemporary art in particular the Land Art of the 1960s and its relation between work of art and context. This opens up to a spatiality, which intermixes landscape and architecture and which shifts its meaning from the object and what it represents to the natural and cultural dichotomy. Many of these concerns are to be found in the urban landscape such as in spatial works, sculpture parks, contemporary gardens that face artists with the conditions of the urban public space.
The concept of public art has been developed and in this process, the experiences and practises of city arts programmes, has been fundamental. In this respect we have analysed the criteria, which has conducted the permanent inclusion of public art in the city of Barcelona since the 1980s.
Within the local context, we have analysed the configuration of the Peruvian landscape, from the moulding of the pre-Columbian terrain, its links between work of art and landscape and its links with contemporary arts. We have come to the conclusion that these principles have been lost in the make up of contemporary public spaces but remain, unconsciously in rural utilitarian circumstances.
We have analysed contemporary tendencies in the configuration of public spaces in the mainstream as well as in the unofficial manifestation and also the pre-Columbian influence in Peruvian public art.
The analysis, relation and contrasting of all these themes have been fundamental in the generation of guidelines for Peruvian public art, presenting as a central idea, the convergence of contemporary values in spatiality and the Peruvian landscape.
Crousse, Rastelli Verónica. "Reencontrando la especialidad en el arte público del Perú." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1551.
Full textThe research undertaken in this doctoral thesis examines the existing challenges in public art and the configuration of public spaces in present day Peru. The motivation to look into this issue arose from the detachment between local public art production and current international tendencies as well as the disregard for local cultural legacy. This condition not only fails to make use of the principles of the cultural legacy but also is unable to use them in public space situations where they are sought. After studying artistic expressions and the configuration of public spaces in this country, we find conceptual as well as methodological predicaments. The patent needs to integrate the notions and functions of contemporary public art become evident and also the conceptual reinterpretation of pre-Columbian spatiality as regards modelling of the landscape. A central aim of this study is to contribute with specific guidelines concerning coherent practises in public art, which will enable local policy to incorporate contemporary public art in the design of Peruvian public spaces. In order to cover such an extensive theme, the research has been projected employing an interdisciplinary approach covering diverse cultural references and probing such principles that while retaining their contemporariness are close to our own cultural tradition. Attention has been placed on contemporary art in particular the Land Art of the 1960s and its relation between work of art and context. This opens up to a spatiality, which intermixes landscape and architecture and which shifts its meaning from the object and what it represents to the natural and cultural dichotomy. Many of these concerns are to be found in the urban landscape such as in spatial works, sculpture parks, contemporary gardens that face artists with the conditions of the urban public space. The concept of public art has been developed and in this process, the experiences and practises of city arts programmes, has been fundamental. In this respect we have analysed the criteria, which has conducted the permanent inclusion of public art in the city of Barcelona since the 1980s. Within the local context, we have analysed the configuration of the Peruvian landscape, from the moulding of the pre-Columbian terrain, its links between work of art and landscape and its links with contemporary arts. We have come to the conclusion that these principles have been lost in the make up of contemporary public spaces but remain, unconsciously in rural utilitarian circumstances. We have analysed contemporary tendencies in the configuration of public spaces in the mainstream as well as in the unofficial manifestation and also the pre-Columbian influence in Peruvian public art. The analysis, relation and contrasting of all these themes have been fundamental in the generation of guidelines for Peruvian public art, presenting as a central idea, the convergence of contemporary values in spatiality and the Peruvian landscape.
Alvariño, Florián Rosa Mercedes. "Palimpsesto de sistemas: el patrimonio precolombino del valle bajo del Rímac como elemento estructurante del imaginario urbano." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19914.
Full textIn the city of Lima there is a vast dispersed pre-Columbian patrimonial legacy of channels, roads and burial sites which underlie and, in some cases, show in the urban palimpsest, but that do not participate as a privilege for the place or the population who owns it. This investigation task seeks to make visible this patrimony for the sake of its historical and cultural value as the components of a system that domesticated a desertic territory to transform it into a viable valley that could be inhabited. Being dispersed is the common denominator that derives into a network of symbolic points in the landscape that could be part of an imaginary urban place, and this leads to define the strategy to give a meaning to the place based on the patrimony present and absent, as a precondition to take into consideration in the design of a public space. General guidelines are elaborated based on the spatial configuration of every pre-Columbian component. This guide of map is applied to a pilot project to validate the proposed hypothesis.
Ullilen, Huamán Pamela Estefany. "Saphi, Diseño de Productos Utilitarios Basados en Culturas Precolombinas para Contribuir a Conocer la Diversidad Iconográfica Peruana." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19385.
Full textThe present research indicates the lack of exploration over the iconography of pre-Columbian cultures as a source of inspiration for the development of creative projects. Addressing the issue of how these can serve as an inspiration for modern and innovative design proposals and at the same time for educating and allowing to generate a link with history. For this reason, Saphi is created, an innovative venture that is inspired by the iconography of pre-Columbian cultures to reinterpret and present them in a current and contemporary way, but without losing the recognition and identity of each one of them, achieving an entertaining proposal. Taking as a challenge in a first stage to design a series of utilitarian products inspired by the summer and the Chancay culture, merging the marine iconography and the worldview of the inhabitants of this culture, generating a fresh and dynamic graphic embodied in articles related to the summer concept. This proposal not only makes design based on graphic elements, but at the same time innovates through education allowing to recognize the value of these cultures; thus, each garment designed carries a digital identifier that allows the customer to connect to the project website where you will find the creative process and original sources of information, allowing him to know and generate a link with history
Michel, López Marcos Rodolfo. "Patrones de Asentamiento Precolombino del Altiplano Boliviano : Lugares Centrales de la Región de Quillacas, Departamento de Oruro, Bolivia." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9199.
Full textArchaeology in Bolivia has two strong tendencies: nationalism and regionalism. The proposal aims for an academic reconstruction and expansion of this science in order to develop new scientific criteria, that can be institutionalized and become normative to the whole country to cover the expectations of different regions with regard to its past.
A fundamental aspect of providing Bolivian archaeological research with new perspectives is the study of formation and development of Andean central places of historic, infrastructural and ritual importance, such Huari, Quillacas, Sevaruyo, Pampa Aullagas and San Miguel de Uruquilla. Research conducted in the south basin of the Lake Poopo identifies evidence of early settlement in Huari towards the Late Archaic period (approximately 4000 to 2000 BC) and the Formative (2000 BC to AD 300), when the first villages were established. This indicates that the formation of agricultural towns was produced by consolidation of multiethnic central places that first consisted of ayllus, socio-dynamic units that gathered together settlers from different regions that simultaneously formed an ample network of centres interconnecting the Andean complex geography, interweaving their cultural diversity owing to the common ideology of Tiwanaku. Routes and llama caravans (llama trekking) integrated this network of central places.
As indicated by surveys and excavations, convergence of groups from different regions has been recognized in rests of material culture as shown in the ceramic distribution: Local Tiwanaku, Tiwanaku from Cochabamba, Yura, Huruquilla, Puqui, Mojocoya and remains of festivities at the centres during redistribution ceremonies, as well as ritual offers during the Early Regional Development period (300 to AD 900). This dynamic and preponderant ideology was completely transformed during Late Regional Developments (900 to AD 1460) when a series of regional conflicts determined the formation of the regional confederation known as Quillacas- Azanaques. At the time of the Inka Conquest (1460– AD 1530), the Lake Poopo basin was integrated into the Tawantinsuyo region through the implementation of the Royal Road and construction of Paria, Quillacas, San Miguel de Uruquilla and the Sevaruyo lodgings.
During the Colonial (1530 - 1825) and Republican periods (1825 - ), the Spaniards made changes that imply a deterioration of the socio-political structures of the ayllus, its territorial fragmentation and creation of new reductions for mining operations.
Recent archaeological research supports the proposition that populated centres in the Andean region of Bolivia were adapted to take advantage of the ecological variability through the social construction of the ayllu and the markas, centres that maintain dynamics, fluctuants and confluence in productive and ritual places.
Lepé, Delgado Jaime. "Dictados del astral: de la oralidad del Icaro precolombino ayahuasquero a la escritura femenina del himno del Santo Daime." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148612.
Full textEl Icaro es una melodía de tradición oral sin data, cantada o silbada por el “chamán” amazónico en sus rituales de sanación psico-física. Paralelamente el Santo Daime, una realigión sincrética, comparte con los pueblos originarios el territorio y el bebedizo de variados nombres en la vastedad de la cuenca, reconocido como Ayahuasca, decocción tradicional usada como sacramento para fines rituales y de culto; fundamento cultural a la vez que conocimiento farmacopeo, usada desde milenios por los vegetalistas, con fines medicinales y sus tecnologías del trance. El Santo Daime inicia su desarrollo en los años 30 en un contexto rural, en el estado de Acre, Amazonía brasileña fronteriza a Perú y Bolivia. Su epicentro social, cultural y es-piritual gravita en torno a la tradición del ayahuasca, bebida enteógena de composición psicoactiva, que soslaya las fronteras geopolíticas de los países que comparten esta ma-nifestación cultural viva, estimada conservadoramente, en un lapso de 3.000 a 5.000 años de uso continuo; durante el cual este saber chamánico se ha desplazado, tanto en comunidades indígenas como mestizas, promulgando identidad y pertenencia. En el Santo Daime se canaliza y prescribe conocimiento por intermedio de himnos de transmisión oral y escrita; directrices, fundamentos religiosos y códigos éticos que cimientan su doctrina, cánticos que asumen características sanadoras similares al Icaro indígena. Estas textualidades sonoras, punto axial de la liturgia daimista y del ritual del psiconauta indígena, son captadas por los adeptos más avezados durante el trance de la bebida sacramental, también en sueños y estados ordinarios de conciencia; representan un patrimonio intangible, lingüístico y espiritual de gran valor para el estudio de las manifestaciones culturales que emanan de este misterioso saber herbolario y espiritual amazónico.
Neyra, Núñez Gabriela Andrea. "Tres casos de restauración y conservación de metales arqueológicos — una máscara, un vaso y un tupu, procedentes de tres sociedades precolombinas peruanas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/101242.
Full textCanales, Donoso Mabel Andrea. "Conservación y restauración de textiles arqueológicos : intervención de tres textiles arqueológicos pertenecientes al Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino de Santiago de Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/165778.
Full textEl presente informe da cuenta de los trabajos desarrollados como proyecto final de título, en el marco del Postítulo en Restauración del Patrimonio Cultural Mueble de la Universidad de Chile, el que fue cursado durante los años 2016, 2017 y principios de 2018.
Ruiz, Pérez Javier. "Phytolith analysis from raised and ditched fields of the Llanos de Moxos, Bolivia: A contribution to the understanding Pre-Columbian agriculture in southwestern Amazonia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673454.
Full textEn época precolombina, miles de campos elevados y drenados fueron construidos en las sabanas estacionalmente inundables de los Llanos de Moxos, en el sudoeste de la Amazonia. Su funcionamiento todavía no se conoce bien. Una aproximación arqueobotánica mediante el uso de fitolitos ha sido llevada a cabo en cinco casos de estudio para reconstruir el uso y mantenimiento de los campos. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de campos servían principalmente para drenaje, además del cultivo de plantas. Antes de la construcción de los campos, se realizaban aperturas en la cobertura vegetal haciendo uso de fuego. En los campos se cultivaba maíz y raíces/tubérculos, como la mandioca o el lerén. Éstos eran utilizados de forma intermitente y mantenidos a través de diversas prácticas (barbecho, reconstrucciones, el uso de plantas como mantillo, y quemas de material vegetal). Este estudio proporciona datos novedosos sobre las estrategias de producción de alimento y dinámicas de uso del territorio desarrolladas en Amazonia durante el Holoceno final.
Ligorred, Perramon Josep 1963. "La gestión de los sitios arqueológicos en áreas urbanas del estado de Yucatán, México." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/135004.
Full textSUMMARY This research was developed against a background of debate arising since the 1990s regarding decentralizationprocesses in archaeological heritage management in Mexico. The majority of Yucatecan settlements are located above others, much older. Since the Conquest, for obvious reasons at the time, and today through lack of federal, state or municipal prevention policies, Mayan remains located within population centershave been destroyed, and their disappearance means the loss of those marks of ancient identity residing in archaeological remains. Therefore this research focuses on the study of management processes in archaeological sites in Yucatan.Do the municipal authorities have any kind of register or zoning of the archaeological remains located in their territory? Do they have any rules or regulations for planning, ground use and promotion in these heritage areas? What is their relationship with the federal heritage Institution? One question we attempt to answer is how much public interest there may be in state and municipal governments assuming an active role in the administration and technical management of archaeological finds within their territories, in conjunctionwith the federal institution which officially and traditionally handles archaeological questions -the INAH -and with other interested sectors. Having stated our purpose, we consider that the archaeological situation prevailing in the Yucatecan cities of Mérida, Izamal, Acanceh andDzilam Gonzálezis representative, and demonstrates participation from various levels of government. Our main hypothesis is that the lack of strategies for an activation of archaeological heritage in urban areas which is sustained over time and aimed at coordination and/or alliance among the different government levels, and between government and various sectors of society, prohibits the conservation and revaluing of this heritage for sustainable social use. The results obtained allow us to demonstrate the need for a new comprehensive management plan of archaeological heritage in living towns. Finally, we propose a series of indicators for measuring the participation, actions and coordination of those involved, with a view to collaborating in the development of mechanisms and strategies for evaluating advances in decentralizationprocesses.
Escutia, Sánchez Erika. "Poseer e inventar: los objetos y la interpretación de las prácticas estéticas americanas en las casas reales europeas (1493-1565)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673458.
Full textThis study investigates the interpretations and uses that the ruling families of Europe gave to American artifacts incorporated into their possessions between 1493 and 1565. Through the analysis of documents, images, and objects, the thesis explores three dynamics: a) the processes of decontextualization and recontextualization of the artifacts, b) the material, affective, and intellectual relationships between objects and their owners; and c) the European speculations about human groups of America based on their aesthetic productions. The thesis shows that American objects acted as symbolic-epistemic devices that monarchs and popes used based on their own geopolitical, religious, cultural, and gender peculiarities. It also presents a rich and complex panorama of the practices of exchange, gift, treasuring, display, and collecting of Americana in Europe before the proliferation of the Cabinets of curiosities at the end of the 16th century.
Speakman, Robert J. "Mimbres Pottery. Production and Distribution." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/123805.
Full textEls integrants de la cultura Mimbres-Mogollón habitaven zones del sud-oest de Nou Mèxic des d'aproximadament el 200-1150 dC, en assentaments ubicats principalment a les valls de Gila, Mimbres i de Río Grande i les zones adjacents immediates. Entre el trets culturals més característics de la societat Mimbres hi ha la producció d'una ceràmica de pasta marró i d’engalba blanca decorada amb audaços dissenys negres i figures geomètriques. Cap a l'any 1000 dC, la ceràmica Mimbres va arribar a ser més elaborada, decorada amb dissenys geomètrics finament executats. En alguns casos, les peces estaven decorades amb motius naturalistes d'animals, éssers humans, plantes i figures antropomorfiques. Aquest projecte d'investigació analitza la producció i distribució de la ceràmica Mimbres-Mogollon utilitzant l’anàlisi per activació neutrònica instrumental (INAA, NAA), tècnica d’anàlisi química emprada per identificar els llocs de producció de ceràmica i el moviment de la ceràmica a través de les regions de Mimbres i les regions adjacents del sud-oest dels Estats Units. Des de la publicació de Gilman et al. (1994) i el seu estudi acadèmic de la ceràmica Mimbres del sud-oest americà a partir de NAA, s'han produït desenes de projectes de recerca que impliquen l'anàlisi de ceràmiques i argiles de Mimbres-Mogollón i Jornada-Mogollon. Els projectes han oscil•lat en escala des de petits projectes (<30) a grans projectes (per exemple, de 100 a 200 mostres). Tots aquests esforços s'han traduït fins ara en l'anàlisi de milers de ceràmiques i argiles de Mimbres-Mogollón i Jornada-Mogollón. Molt poca d'aquesta investigació ha estat publicada oficialment, i fins ara no hi ha hagut una anàlisi exhaustiva i d’interpretació que inclogui la majoria o totes les dades de NAA existents. A més dels centenars de les darreres anàlisis realitzades per NAA per aquest projecte, les dades existents generades en anteriors projectes per NAA sobre ceràmiques de Mimbres s’han incorporat en aquest estudi. En total, el conjunt de dades inclou més de 3.600 anàlisis per NAA de ceràmica i argiles obtingudes a centenars de llocs arqueològics d’Arizona, de Nou Mèxic, de Texas i del nord de Mèxic. La investigació descrita aquí ofereix, des de la perspectiva de la química i l’arqueologia, la interpretació més precisa i completa a dia d’avui de la producció de la ceràmica Mimbres i de la seva distribució. L'anàlisi estadística del conjunt de dades de NAA ha resultat en la identificació de 35 grups diferents de ceràmica. Aquesta troballa contrasta amb la majoria dels estudis anteriors, els quals només van identificar de mitjana de quatre a sis grups composicionals. El coneixement de l'estructura dels grups químics permet una reconstrucció més precisa de la producció i distribució de la ceràmica de la cultura Mimbres, així com també proporciona una important eina per avaluar els canvis culturals i temporals. En última instància, aquesta investigació servirà com a base per als arqueòlegs que busquen examinar una àmplia gamma de temes relacionats amb l'organització cultural de Mimbres i la seva interacció social, el gènere i la ideologia.
Demetrio, Cerda Raymi Maritza. "Ollantay; relectura de una obra dramática colonial como legado histórico teatral." Tesis, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117521.
Full textEn la siguiente investigación, se pretende presentar una relectura del texto dramático colonial Ollantay desde una perspectiva teórica del teatro, con especial énfasis en los elementos dramáticos que podrían revelar un carácter historiográfico de esta pieza teatral. Para ello, se dará cuenta de un estudio del fenómeno cultural presentado al momento de la posible datación de producción de esta obra. Posteriormente, se expondrán estudios y análisis críticos de Ollantay desarrollados desde otras perspectivas teóricas como filología, literatura e historia, y se discutirá acerca de los procesos lingüísticos y comunicacionales a los que posiblemente fue sometida esta producción. Finalmente, de acuerdo a lo planteado en estas primeras dos etapas, se analizarán dos componentes teóricos (extraídos del modelo de análisis de texto dramático de Patrice Pavis en el 2002) en Ollantay, con lo que se pretende vincular el análisis dramático con el posible potencial historiográfico de este notable legado del período colonial andino.
Chicaiza, Ayala Diego Alejandro 1975. "Diseño en el Equador precolombino : silla "U" como caso de estudio para el desarrollo de mobiliario urbano." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/28026.
Full text"Museo Virtual de Historia Precolombina de México para la Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos de la Dirección de Servicio Social de la UDLAP (INEA)." Tesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2004. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lis/lopez_t_sa/.
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