Relevant bibliographies by topics / Precision movements

Academic literature on the topic 'Precision movements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Precision movements"

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Grinyagin, I. V., E. V. Biryukova, and M. A. Maier. "Kinematic and Dynamic Synergies of Human Precision-Grip Movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 4 (October 2005): 2284–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01310.2004.

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We analyzed the adaptability of human thumb and index finger movement kinematics and dynamics to variations of precision grip aperture and movement velocity. Six subjects performed precision grip opening and closing movements under different conditions of movement velocity and movement aperture (thumb and index finger tip-to-tip distance). Angular motion of the thumb and index finger joints was recorded with a CyberGlove and a three-dimensional biomechanical model was used for solving the inverse dynamics problem during precision grip movements, i.e., for calculating joint torques from experimentally obtained angular variations. The time-varying joint angles and joint torques were analyzed by principal-component analysis to quantify the contributions of individual joints in kinematic and dynamic synergies. At the level of movement kinematics, we found subject-specific angular contributions. However, the adaptation to large aperture, achieved by an increase of the relative contribution of the proximal joints, was subject-invariant. At the level of movement dynamics, the adaptation of thumb-index finger movements to task constraints was similar among all subjects and required the linear scaling of joint torques, the synchronization of joint torques under high velocity conditions, and a flexible redistribution of joint torques between the proximal joint of the thumb and that of the index finger. This work represents one of the first attempts at calculating the joint torques during human precision-grip movements and indicates that the dynamic synergies seem to be remarkably simple compared with the synergies found for movement kinematics.
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Carey, James R., Kristine R. Greer, Tiffany K. Grunewald, Jennifer L. Steele, Jeff W. Wiemiller, Ela Bhatt, Ashima Nagpal, Ovidiu Lungu, and Edward J. Auerbach. "Primary Motor Area Activation during Precision-Demanding versus Simple Finger Movement." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 20, no. 3 (September 2006): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968306289289.

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The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore whether the primary motor area (M1) serves a processing role in a finger-movement tracking task, emphasizing attention to accuracy, beyond its execution role of simple movements, with no attention to accuracy. Twenty healthy subjects performed alternating conditions: Rest, involving no finger movement; Track, involving careful control of a cursor along a target pathway with finger extension/flexion movements; and Move, involving finger extension/flexion movements without careful control. The authors compared volume of activated voxels in the M1, blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity of activated voxels in the M1, and BOLD signal intensity of all voxels in the M1 between the Track and Move conditions. The results showed greater volume and signal intensity in both the contralateral and ipsilateral M1 during Track than during Move. Overall, the results suggest that the M1 is engaged not only in the execution of movements but also in spatial and temporal processing to produce accurately controlled movements. These findings invite further work exploring whether precision-demanding movements, such as tracking, form a more potent stimulus for promoting helpful brain reorganization in the M1 during the recovery from stroke than simple repetitive movements.
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Goettker, Alexander, Katja Fiehler, and Dimitris Voudouris. "Somatosensory target information is used for reaching but not for saccadic eye movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 124, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 1092–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00258.2020.

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A systematic investigation of contributions of different somatosensory modalities (proprioception, kinesthesia, tactile) for goal-directed movements is missing. Here we demonstrate that while eye movements are not affected by different types of somatosensory information, reach precision improves when two different types of information are available. Moreover, reach accuracy and gaze precision to unseen somatosensory targets improve when performing coordinated eye-hand movements, suggesting bidirectional contributions of efferent information in reach and eye movement control.
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Oostwoud Wijdenes, Leonie, Richard B. Ivry, and Paul M. Bays. "Competition between movement plans increases motor variability: evidence of a shared resource for movement planning." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00113.2016.

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Do movement plans, like representations in working memory, share a limited pool of resources? If so, the precision with which each individual movement plan is specified should decrease as the total number of movement plans increases. To explore this, human participants made speeded reaching movements toward visual targets. We examined if preparing one movement resulted in less variability than preparing two movements. The number of planned movements was manipulated in a delayed response cueing procedure that limited planning to a single target ( experiment 1) or hand ( experiment 2) or required planning of movements toward two targets (or with two hands). For both experiments, initial movement direction variability was higher in the two-plan condition than in the one-plan condition, demonstrating a cost associated with planning multiple movements, consistent with the limited resource hypothesis. In experiment 3, we showed that the advantage in initial variability of preparing a single movement was present only when the trajectory could be fully specified. This indicates that the difference in variability between one and two plans reflects the specification of full motor plans, not a general preparedness to move. The precision cost related to concurrent plans represents a novel constraint on motor preparation, indicating that multiple movements cannot be planned independently, even if they involve different limbs.
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Laboissière, Rafael, Daniel R. Lametti, and David J. Ostry. "Impedance Control and Its Relation to Precision in Orofacial Movement." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 1 (July 2009): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90948.2008.

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Speech production involves some of the most precise and finely timed patterns of human movement. Here, in the context of jaw movement in speech, we show that spatial precision in speech production is systematically associated with the regulation of impedance and in particular, with jaw stiffness—a measure of resistance to displacement. We estimated stiffness and also variability during movement using a robotic device to apply brief force pulses to the jaw. Estimates of stiffness were obtained using the perturbed position and force trajectory and an estimate of what the trajectory would be in the absence of load. We estimated this “reference trajectory” using a new technique based on Fourier analysis. A moving-average (MA) procedure was used to estimate stiffness by modeling restoring force as the moving average of previous jaw displacements. The stiffness matrix was obtained from the steady state of the MA model. We applied this technique to data from 31 subjects whose jaw movements were perturbed during speech utterances and kinematically matched nonspeech movements. We observed systematic differences in stiffness over the course of jaw-lowering and jaw-raising movements that were correlated with measures of kinematic variability. Jaw stiffness was high and variability was low early and late in the movement when the jaw was elevated. Stiffness was low and variability was high in the middle of movement when the jaw was lowered. Similar patterns were observed for speech and nonspeech conditions. The systematic relationship between stiffness and variability points to the idea that stiffness regulation is integral to the control of orofacial movement variability.
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Sakazume, Yuki, Sho Furubayashi, and Eizo Miyashita. "Functional Roles of Saccades for a Hand Movement." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (April 28, 2020): 3066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093066.

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An eye saccade provides appropriate visual information for motor control. The present study was aimed to reveal the role of saccades in hand movements. Two types of movements, i.e., hitting and circle-drawing movements, were adopted, and saccades during the movements were classified as either a leading saccade (LS) or catching saccade (CS) depending on the relative gaze position of the saccade to the hand position. The ratio of types of the saccades during the movements was heavily dependent on the skillfulness of the subjects. In the late phase of the movements in a less skillful subject, CS tended to occur in less precise movements, and precision of the movement tended to be improved in the subsequent movement in the hitting. While LS directing gaze to a target point was observed in both types of the movements regardless of skillfulness of the subjects, LS in between a start point and a target point, which led gaze to a local minimum variance point on a hand movement trajectory, was exclusively found in the drawing in a less skillful subject. These results suggest that LS and some types of CS may provide positional information of via-points in addition to a target point and visual information to improve precision of a feedforward controller in the brain, respectively.
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Poleschuk, N. K., N. V. Kholmogorova, and A. B. Makarevsky. "Electrophysiological studies mechanism of movements precision athletes." I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 17, no. 4 (December 15, 2009): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj2009424-29.

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Batten, Jonathan, and Tim Smith. "Temporal Precision of Directly Controlled Eye Movements." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.1002.

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Vainio, Lari, Kaisa Tiippana, Mikko Tiainen, Aleksi Rantala, and Martti Vainio. "Reaching and grasping with the tongue: Shared motor planning between hand actions and articulatory gestures." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 10 (January 1, 2018): 2129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021817738732.

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Research has shown connections between articulatory mouth actions and manual actions. This study investigates whether forward–backward hand movements could be associated with vowel production processes that programme tongue fronting/backing, lip rounding/spreading (Experiment 1), and/or consonant production processes that programme tongue tip and tongue dorsum actions (Experiment 2). The participants had to perform either forward or backward hand movement and simultaneously pronounce different vowels or consonants. The results revealed a response benefit, measured in vocal and manual reaction times, when the responses consisted of front vowels and forward hand movements. Conversely, back vowels were associated with backward hand movements. Articulation of rounded versus unrounded vowels or coronal versus dorsal consonants did not produce the effect. In contrast, when the manual responses of forward–backward hand movements were replaced by precision and power grip responses, the coronal consonants [t] and [r] were associated with the precision grip, whereas the dorsal consonant [k] was associated with the power grip. We propose that the movements of the tongue body, operating mainly for vowel production, share the directional action planning processes with the hand movements. Conversely, the tongue articulators related to tongue tip and dorsum movements, operating mainly for consonant production, share the action planning processes with the precision and power grip, respectively.
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Chen, Yinan, Song Wu, Zhengting Tang, Jinglu Zhang, Lin Wang, Linfeng Yu, Kelun Wang, and Peter Svensson. "Effects of Motor Training on Accuracy and Precision of Jaw and Finger Movements." Neural Plasticity 2019 (November 18, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9593464.

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Objective. To compare the effects of training of jaw and finger movements with and without visual feedback on precision and accuracy. Method. Twenty healthy participants (10 men and 10 women; mean age 24.6±0.8 years) performed two tasks: a jaw open-close movement and a finger lifting task with and without visual feedback before and after 3-day training. Individually determined target positions for the jaw corresponded to 50% of the maximal jaw opening position, and a fixed target position of 20 mm was set for the finger. Movements were repeated 10 times each. The variability in the amplitude of the movements was expressed as percentage in relation to the target position (Daccu—accuracy) and as coefficient of variation (CVprec—precision). Result. Daccu and CVprec were significantly influenced by visual feedback (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) and reduced after training jaw and finger movements (P<0.001). Daccu (P=0.004) and CVprec (P=0.019) were significantly different between jaw and finger movements. The relative changes in Daccu (P=0.017) and CVprec (P=0.027) were different from pretraining to posttraining between jaw and finger movements. Conclusion. The accuracy and precision of standardized jaw and finger movements are dependent on visual feedback and appears to improve more by training in the trigeminal system possibly reflecting significant neuroplasticity in motor control mechanisms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Precision movements"

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Fleming, Peter Mark. "High precision EDM for the monitoring of surface movements." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328399.

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Hollands, Mark Andrew. "Visuomotor control strategies for precision stepping in man." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389118.

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Mantel, Gerardus Wilhelmus Henricus. "The role of the corticomotor system in precision finger movements." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235921.

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The ability to perform precise and relatively independent movements of the fingers is an important feature of the primate's motor repetoire. A substantial amount of evidence suggests a special role for the hand area of the motor cortex in the execution of these movements, and in particular, thoses cells which make direct cortico-motoneuronal connections with motoneurones innervating the hand muscles. The axons of these corticomotoneuronal (CM) cells form part of the pyramidal tract. The subject of this study is the influence of these CM cells upon the activity of hand muscles in the conscious monkey performing a precision grip task between thumb and index fingers. Three aspects of the cortico-motoneuronal connection have been investigated; 1. The effect of discharges in individual CM cells on the gross e.m.g. activity of intrinsic hand and forearm muscles, and the distribution of these effects over various muscles. 2. The effect of individual CM cell discharge on the single motor unit activity in the intrinsic thumb muscles. 3. The significance of differences in firing frequency of individual CM cells upon their modulation of gross e.m.g. The spike-triggered averaging technique was employed to study the overall effect of identified pyramidal tract neurones (PTN) on gross e.m.g. activity. Rectified gross e.m.g. was averaged with respect to the discharges of single PTNs. The influence of the triggering cortical cell was revealed in the averages as a transient increase in muscle activity at the appropriate time after the cell had fired. This effect is called post-spike facilitation (PSF). The occurance of PSF in the spike-triggered average was taken as evidence that the triggering cells made a direct, presumably monosynaptic, connection with the motoneurones of the muscle in question. Quantitative and qualitative aspects of PSF are discussed. The activity of 5 to 10 intrinsic hand and forearm muscles were averaged with respect to individual PTNs. In this way the PSF distribution over different muscles, produced by one cortical cell, could be determined. It was established that CM cells produce PSF in a relatively restricted number of muscles (2-3 out of 10 tested). The impact of CM cells on the discharge activity of single motor units was studied by cross-correlating both spike trains. To overcome the considerable sampling problem, the occurrence of PSF in the spike-triggered gross e.m.g. average was used as a criterion for further cross-correlation analysis. The cross-correlogram peaks half-width and onset latency were suggestive for monosynaptic excitation of the motoneurones. Different approaches are discussed to estimate the strength of these connections and to relate these strengths to the number of synpatic boutons that the CM cell makes upon its target motoneurones. In terms of the number of extra discharges fired by the single motor unit in response to CM cell firing, the effects can be described as weak (5-20 extra motor unit spikes per 1000 CM cell discharges). It was possible to study the connectivity of single CM cells with different motor units of the same muscle by simultaneously recording several (2-5) motor units. It was found that if a CM cell showed a correlogram peak with one of the concurrently sampled motor units, most other motor units sampled from the same muscle would give correlogram peaks with the same CM cell. This finding is suggestive for a rather diffuse collateralization of the CM cell axons within the motoneurone pool of the target muscle. Finally the influence of different firing frequencies of CM cells on the form and strength of PSF effects was investigated. A striking result was that discharges preceded by long interspike intervals (> 50ms)could still exert quite powerful excitatory effects. The results of this series of experiments further elucidate the nature of the corticomotoneuronal connection and give an impression of the facilitatory capacity of single CM cells on motoneurons innervating the hand muscles.
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Monaco, Simona <1978&gt. "Contribution of Vision and Proprioception to the Precision of Reaching Movements." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1540/.

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Ren and colleagues (2006) found that saccades to visual targets became less accurate when somatosensory information about hand location was added, suggesting that saccades rely mainly on vision. We conducted two kinematic experiments to examine whether or not reaching movements would also show such strong reliance on vision. In Experiment 1, subjects used their dominant right hand to perform reaches, with or without a delay, to an external visual target or to their own left fingertip positioned either by the experimenter or by the participant. Unlike saccades, reaches became more accurate and precise when proprioceptive information was available. In Experiment 2, subjects reached toward external or bodily targets with differing amounts of visual information. Proprioception improved performance only when vision was limited. Our results indicate that reaching movements, unlike saccades, are improved rather than impaired by the addition of somatosensory information.
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Wong, Yvonne, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Precision grasping in people : a detailed analysis of the central and external properties of precision grasping from the young to the elderly." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2004, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/294.

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To understand the grasping abnormalities in Parkinson's or stroke patients, normal grasping must be examined, and whether that normality is determined by biological factors or experiential influence must also be considered. The purpose of this thesis is to determine what normal variations of precision grasping exist in healthy, normal adults, children and elderly people. Using Eshkol-Wachmann Movement Notation, five types of contact strategies were interpolated, based on the digit that contacts the object first, and whether that digit dragged or stabilized the object for grasping. Each contact strategy was associated with an ideal graphical representation of the thumb and index finger velocities. There were seven variations of purchase patterns, based on the digits used to contact the objects, and four variations of postures of the non-grasping digits on top of the five contact strategies. Object size affected purchase pattern preference: smaller objects elicited the pincer grasp more than the larger objects. The purchase pattern distribution of variation is similar in adults and children, although children exhibit an extra purchase pattern, and older adults exhibit less variation purchase patterns. The findings from this thesis suggest that central factors, such as gender and handedness, as well as external factors, such as size of the object, determine individual preference of grasping. The loss of variation with age can be attributed to the developing corticospinal tract in children as well as the deterioration of normal hand function in the elderly.
ix, 116 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Krupnik, Viktoria, Ingo Nietzold, Bengt Bartsch, and Beate Rassler. "The effect of motor-respiratory coordination on the precision of tracking movements." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-192035.

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Purpose: We investigated motor-respiratory coordination (MRC) in visually guided forearm tracking movements focusing on two main questions: (1) Does attentional demand, training or complexity of the tracking task have an effect on the degree of MRC? (2) Does MRC impair the precision of those movements? We hypothesized that (1) enhanced attention to the tracking task and training increase the degree of MRC while higher task complexity would reduce it, and (2) MRC impairs tracking precision. Methods: Thirty-five volunteers performed eight tracking trials with several conditions: positive (direct) signal–response relation (SRR), negative (inverse) SRR to increase task complexity, specific instruction for enhanced attention to maximize tracking precision (“strict” instruction), and specific instruction that tracking precision would not be evaluated (“relaxed” instruction). The trials with positive and negative SRR were performed three times each to study training effects. Results: While the degree of MRC remained in the same range throughout all experimental conditions, a switch in phase-coupling pattern was observed. In conditions with positive SRR or with relaxed instruction, we found one preferred phase-relationship per period. With higher task complexity (negative SRR) or increased attentional demand (strict instruction), a tighter coupling pattern with two preferred phase-relationships per period was adopted. Our main result was that MRC improved tracking precision in all conditions except for that with relaxed instruction. Reduction of amplitude errors mainly contributed to this precision improvement. Conclusion: These results suggest that attention devoted to a precision movement intensifies its phase-coupling with breathing and enhances MRC-related improvement of tracking precision.
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Cannon, Jesse R. "Compliant mechanisms to perform bearing and spring functions in high precision applications /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd599.pdf.

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Kuznetsov, Nikita A. "Modulation and Coordination of Respiratory Rhythm with Discrete Finger Movements in Manual Precision Aiming." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1291407910.

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Krupnik, Viktoria, Ingo Nietzold, Bengt Bartsch, and Beate Rassler. "The effect of motor-respiratory coordination on the precision of tracking movements: influence of attention, task complexity and training." European journal of applied physiology (2015) 115, 12, S. 2543-2556, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14101.

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Purpose: We investigated motor-respiratory coordination (MRC) in visually guided forearm tracking movements focusing on two main questions: (1) Does attentional demand, training or complexity of the tracking task have an effect on the degree of MRC? (2) Does MRC impair the precision of those movements? We hypothesized that (1) enhanced attention to the tracking task and training increase the degree of MRC while higher task complexity would reduce it, and (2) MRC impairs tracking precision. Methods: Thirty-five volunteers performed eight tracking trials with several conditions: positive (direct) signal–response relation (SRR), negative (inverse) SRR to increase task complexity, specific instruction for enhanced attention to maximize tracking precision (“strict” instruction), and specific instruction that tracking precision would not be evaluated (“relaxed” instruction). The trials with positive and negative SRR were performed three times each to study training effects. Results: While the degree of MRC remained in the same range throughout all experimental conditions, a switch in phase-coupling pattern was observed. In conditions with positive SRR or with relaxed instruction, we found one preferred phase-relationship per period. With higher task complexity (negative SRR) or increased attentional demand (strict instruction), a tighter coupling pattern with two preferred phase-relationships per period was adopted. Our main result was that MRC improved tracking precision in all conditions except for that with relaxed instruction. Reduction of amplitude errors mainly contributed to this precision improvement. Conclusion: These results suggest that attention devoted to a precision movement intensifies its phase-coupling with breathing and enhances MRC-related improvement of tracking precision.
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Čáp, Pavel. "Opakovaná nivelace na vodním zdroji Tetčice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225585.

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This master’s thesis deals with the vertical movements of foundation soil in village Tetčice. In the first part describes geological structures and problems in locality. A next chapter deals with surveying vertical movements, measurements and evaluation. As addition is measurement actually groundwater level depending on the line levelling.
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Books on the topic "Precision movements"

1

Roberts, Carter W. High-precision gravity stations for monitoring vertical crustal motion in southern California. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Roberts, Carter W. High-precision gravity stations for monitoring vertical crustal motion in southern California. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Smith, Paul. Determining fish movements from an "archival" tag: Precision of geographical positions made from a time series of swimming temperature and depth. La Jolla, Calif: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Center, 1986.

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Flint on a bright stone: A revolution of precision and restraint in American, Russian, and German modernism. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 2006.

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C, Jachens Robert, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. High-precision gravity stations for monitoring vertical crustal motion in southern California. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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C, Jachens Robert, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. High-precision gravity stations for monitoring vertical crustal motion in southern California. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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C, Jachens Robert, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. High-precision gravity stations for monitoring vertical crustal motion in southern California. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Temporal precision as a condition for a linear speed-accuracy trade-off in aimed movements. 1986.

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Beh, Shin C., Elliot M. Frohman, and Teresa Frohman. Neuro-ophthalmologic Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0012.

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The inflammatory, demyelinating plaques that characterize multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently affect the visual pathways. Lesions of the afferent visual pathway (most commonly optic neuritis) result in problems conveying visual stimuli from the retina to the visual cortices. Lesions affecting the efferent visual system result in ocular dysmotility that impairs visual acuity by disrupting the precision of binocular eye movements or by causing excessive eye movements that prevent adequate foveation (e.g. nystagmus, saccadic intrusions). Significant advancements have been made in the techniques used to interrogate both the structural and the functional integrity of the visual system to dissect the pathobiological underpinnings of multiple sclerosis and to design better biomarkers and clinical trial outcomes. This chapter discusses the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of multiple sclerosis, revolutionary advancements in optical coherence tomography and visual electrophysiology, and therapies for treating visual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.
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Benjamin, Mike, Dennis McGonagle, Maribel I. Miguel, David A. Bong, and Ingrid Möller. Limb anatomy and medical imaging. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0065.

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This chapter provides a generalized framework for helping the clinician to understand basic principles of functional anatomy in the limbs in relation to medical imaging, particularly ultrasonography (US). Certain basic design principles that are evident in the limbs are explained: for example, that larger muscles lie proximally, and that tendons are more numerous and longer distally. While the upper limb is ultimately geared to moving the hand with ease and precision in three-dimensional space, the lower limb is both an organ of propulsion and a column supporting body weight. It is important to note that when the foot is on the ground this has an important influence on muscle function. Fundamental principles of muscle design and action are explained, including the distinction between prime movers, antagonists, synergists, and fixators; the fact that movements and not muscles are represented in the cerebral cortex; the all-or-nothing principle of fibre contraction; the modifying influence of gravity on muscle action; and issues relating to fibre architecture. The less appreciated functions of tendons are included and the difference between an enthesis and an enthesis organ is explained. The similar appearance of nerves and tendons in dissections and even in MRI and US images is explained and the importance of fascia is highlighted—particularly its role as an 'ectoskeleton'. Brief mention is made of adipose tissue and blood vessels, and planes of movement between adjacent structures are described in order to inform the ultrasonographer who deals with structures in real time.
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Book chapters on the topic "Precision movements"

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Dahl, Sofia. "Movements, Timing, and Precision of Drummers." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_110-1.

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Dahl, Sofia. "Movements, Timing, and Precision of Drummers." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1839–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_110.

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Tsandilas, Theophanis, Emmanuel Dubois, and Mathieu Raynal. "Modeless Pointing with Low-Precision Wrist Movements." In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013, 494–511. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40477-1_31.

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Hepp-Reymond, M. C., and M. A. Maier. "Central and Peripheral Control of Dynamics in Finger Movements and Precision Grip." In Tutorials in Motor Neuroscience, 517–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3626-6_40.

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Dominici, Donatella, Vincenzo Massimi, and Lucia Simeoni. "Reliability and Precision of a Network for Monitoring Very Slow Movements with a Total Station." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 159–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_19.

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Jeschke, Michaela, Aaron C. Zöller, and Knut Drewing. "Influence of Prior Visual Information on Exploratory Movement Direction in Texture Perception." In Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications, 30–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06249-0_4.

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AbstractWhen humans explore objects haptically, they seem to use prior as well as sensory information to adapt their exploratory behavior [1]. For texture discrimination, it was shown that participants adapted the direction of their exploratory movement to be orthogonal to the orientation of textures with a defined direction [2]. That is, they adapted the exploratory direction based on the sensory information gathered over the course of an exploration, and this behavior improved their perceptual precision. In the present study we examined if prior visual information that indicates a texture orientation produces a similar adjustment of exploratory movement direction. We expected an increase of orthogonal initial exploration movements with higher qualities of prior information. In each trial, participants explored two grating textures with equal amplitude, only differing in their spatial period. They had to report the stimulus with the higher spatial frequency. Grating stimuli were given in six different orientations relative to the observer. Prior visual information on grating orientation was given in five different qualities: 50% (excellent information), 35%, 25%, 15% and 0% (no information). We analyzed movement directions of the first, middle and last strokes over the textures of each trial. The results show an increase in the amount of initial orthogonal strokes and a decrease in variability of movement directions with higher qualities of prior visual information.
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Ibáñez, J., M. D. del Castillo, J. I. Serrano, F. Molina Rueda, E. Monge Pereira, F. M. Rivas Montero, J. C. Miangolarra Page, and J. L. Pons. "Single-Trial Detection of the Event-Related Desynchronization to Locate with Temporal Precision the Onset of Voluntary Movements in Stroke Patients." In IFMBE Proceedings, 1651–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00846-2_407.

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Beckstead, Robert M. "The Cerebellum and Movement Precision." In A Survey of Medical Neuroscience, 226–37. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8570-5_19.

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Pomplun, Marc, Boris Velichkovsky, and Helge Ritter. "An artificial neural network for high precision eye movement tracking." In KI-94: Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 63–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58467-6_6.

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Nijhar, Jasmir, Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze, and Gemma Boguslawski. "Does Movement Recognition Precision Affect the Player Experience in Exertion Games?" In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 73–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30214-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Precision movements"

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Seitz, Peter, Michael T. Gale, Heinrich Meier, Jeffrey M. Raynor, P. Wolff, and M. Hecht. "Locometer: on-line inspection of locomotive wheel-to-rail movements using high-precision CCD metrology." In The Hague '90, 12-16 April, edited by H. A. Macleod and Peter Langenbeck. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.20256.

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Minquiz, Gustavo M., Vicente Borja, Marcelo López-Parra, David Dornfeld, and Pablo Flores. "A Comparative Analysis Between High Speed Dynamic and Traditional Pocketing Toolpaths in Precision Milling Machines." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8746.

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Different types of toolpaths have been extensively studied with regards to different factors such as energy consumption and tool wear. However, toolpaths have been introduced recently, where high speeds and dynamic movements are combined to provide higher performance. The aim of this paper is to compare a spiral toolpath strategy, which has been studied previously with good results in energy consumption, with a high speed dynamic toolpath strategy, which combines helical and dynamic movements, with regards to energy consumption, tool wear and carbon emissions. Several advantages are identified with a high speed dynamic toolpath strategy over the typical spiral toolpath strategy in terms of tool wear, energy consumption and carbon emissions. The results show that the high speed dynamic toolpath is a better alternative for different milling operations such as slotting, pocketing, and face milling.
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Vega Bello, Jessica Daniela, Yesica Escalera Matamoros, Arturo Treviño Arizmendi, Daniel Haro Mendoza, Vicente Borja, and José Luis Jiménez Corona. "Design Methodology of a Toy to Improve Manual Abilities on Medicine Students." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24582.

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Abstract Theoretical knowledge is important in all disciplines, but practical knowledge is of utmost importance in many of them, such is the case in engineering, medicine, and architecture. In most of these majors’ instructors focus more on the theoretical area and set aside the practical one. That is why it is important to develop educational tools to improve students’ practice. Medical students at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México were our case of study since we noticed a lack of practical knowledge during their second year at University. In this paper, we present a design methodology of a toy for the students of medicine to exercise and improve their manual precise movements and motor sequencing skills, in order to improve their practical abilities by using it. This methodology emphasizes the importance of specific movements that surgeons do while they perform basic surgical procedures, intending to imitate them when they use the toy. Therefore, procedures like cutting, suturing, exposure, among others were performed by a surgeon, recorded, and analyzed. As a result, it was observed that some movements were repeated in most of the procedures. Based on this, a device was designed so that the user may be able to repeat the movements following a series of audiovisual instructions as a game. To validate its efficiency manual precision tests were used to compare the individual students’ improvement before and after using it. Once the device was built as a toy, 12 second-year medical students took the precision tests, the measured variable was the time they used to complete both tests. Furthermore, they practiced with the toy for 10 days, 6 minutes per day. On the last day, after using it, each student performed the precision tests once again to obtain a quantitative value of their improvement. The time spent by each student to perform the first precision tests were compared to the last after using the toy. The results showed that the execution time was reduced by an average of 53.75 seconds in the first precision test and 45 seconds in the second. This indicates that the use of the toy allows students to improve their manual precision skills, affecting the execution time of tasks that require accurate manual precision. Also, it was observed that the methodology developed could be applied and extrapolated to other disciplines such as engineering, in order to develop similar toys or devices that could enhance manual skills.
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Milani, Massimo, Luca Montorsi, Luca Fontanili, Salvatore Rossini, and Roberto Citarella. "Integration Protocol of Different Measurement Methods for the Analysis of the Physiological and Biomechanical Efficiency of a Professional Athlete." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11774.

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Abstract The paper focuses on the methodology for the analysis of the physiological and biomechanical efficiency of a professional athlete for integrating the standard preparation routine. The proposed methodology combines an in-house developed prototype of multiple uniaxial force plates for the measurement of the vertical component of ground reaction forces during movement and an infrared motion capture technique is adopted for measuring accurately the body motion. The procedure is applied on a top level professional volley player and integrates the working routines used for the training over an entire season. The dynamic performance of the athlete is measured in terms of fatigue threshold and the aerobic workload. The proposed methodology demonstrates to be an accurate and reliable instrument for quantifying, for both slow and fast movements, the efficiency with which the athlete reaches the defined training targets and the precision achieved in developing an exercises’ routine. Furthermore, the dynamic response of the athlete is also measured by evaluating the position of the body during the workload as well as the speed of the movements and the corresponding interaction with the ground. This analysis verifies if an asymmetrical loading of the lower limbs and the power exerted during the impulsive contact phase with the ground. The measurements carried out during the analysis provide a map of the athlete performances during an entire season training and the mono- and bi-podalic movements could be associated with the time evolution of the athletic results, such as jumping length and height, speed, precision. Therefore, inefficiencies in the postural and technical aspects during the training can be measured and thus corrected leading to an improvement of the performance and to a reduction of the possibility for injuries onset.
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Manawadu, Isuri W., Subodha Gunawardena, Nuwan Vithanage, Dinithi Rathnaikage, and Lasith Yasakethu. "Effect of the Video Frame Rate on the Precision of Detecting Circular Fidgety Movements Using Machine Learning." In 2021 Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asiancon51346.2021.9544967.

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MEGUERDITCHIAN, ADRIEN, MARIE PLOUVIER, JILL D. PRUETZ, and WILLIAM D. HOPKINS. "FROM HAND TO MOUTH: FINE PRECISION GRIP DURING MUTUAL GROOMING ELICITED WIDE LIP MOVEMENTS IN WILD FONGOLI CHIMPANZEES." In EVOLANG 10. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814603638_0107.

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Nishizawa, Hiroshi, Satoshi Fujita, and Osamu Furuya. "A Dynamic Position Measurement Method for Destructive Process of Structures Using Image Processing." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2918.

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In order to clarify the destruction mechanism of large structures in large seismic movements, a non-contacting displacement measurement system with a three-dimensional dynamic position with high precision is required. We have developed a three-dimensional measuring system with image processing using optical motion capture technology. This system consists of light emitting markers installed on the object structure and plural high speed cameras which obtain images of markers’ movement simultaneously, to measure the dynamic position of the three dimensional spatial coordinates of the markers. In order to measure the dynamic position with high precision, we have ever developed sub-pixel processing method which is able to measure very small displacements of the markers by analyzing the luminance distribution. Moreover, we have developed a new marker of spherical surface emission type which formed the luminance profile to improve furthermore the accuracy in rotational movement. Shaking tests were carried out with this measuring system and the results indicated that this system using new markers had sufficient accuracy within errors of a few millimeters in the structure of a 4 meter cube. Consequently, we have acquired the potential to apply to the measurement to the 3-D Full Scale Earthquake Testing Facility (E-Defense).
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Taylor, Mark, Kees Westra, and Yen-Lin Han. "Developing a Thermally Actuated Soft Robot for Finger Rehabilitation." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23134.

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Abstract As more Americans suffered from mobility impairments, rehabilitation becomes more and more important. Using robots for rehabilitation could potentially lower the barriers of rehabilitation for patients in need and increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation. This paper presented a proof-of-concept soft robot that could be used for finger rehabilitation. This soft robot can bend with heat-induced actuation without many external components. In this soft robot design, a phase changing material (PCM) is sealed in reservoirs inside an elastomer structure. As heat applied, the PCM begins to change phase from solid to liquid and the pressure inside the sealed reservoirs increases and “pushes” the elastomer structure to a different shape to create a “movement” of the robot. Depending on the locations of the reservoirs and methods the heat applied, the movements of the soft robot can be controlled with precision. Preliminary results successfully demonstrated a basic bending motion of this soft robot that mimics the human finger movement.
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Batmaz, Anil Ufuk, Michel de Mathelin, and Birgitta Dresp-Langley. "Effects of Image Size and Structural Complexity on Time and Precision of Hand Movements in Head Mounted Virtual Reality." In 2018 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vr.2018.8446217.

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George, Jacob A., Troy N. Tully, Paul C. Colgan, and Gregory A. Clark. "Bilaterally Mirrored Movements Improve the Accuracy and Precision of Training Data for Supervised Learning of Neural or Myoelectric Prosthetic Control." In 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175388.

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Reports on the topic "Precision movements"

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Passerotti, Michelle S., Allen H. Andrews, and Lisa J. Natanson. Inferring life history characteristics of the oceanic whitetip shark Carcharhinus longimanus from vertebral bomb radiocarbon. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27806.

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