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Journal articles on the topic 'Precision Grinding'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Ke, Xiao Long, Yin Biao Guo, and Chun Jin Wang. "Compensation and Experiment Research of Machining Error for Optical Aspheric Precision Grinding." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.103.

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According to the demand of precision machining for optical aspheric lens, especially large scale optical aspheric lens, this paper presents an error compensation technique for precision grindging. Based on precision surface grinding machine (MGK7160), grating-type parallel grinding method is put forward to realize grinding paths planning for optical aspheric lens. In order to obtain surface metrology and evaluation after grinding, an on-machine measurement system is built. On the basis of compensation principle, machining error is separated to achieve error compensation. Grinding experiments are carried out and show that it can meet the demand of precision grinding, and the accuacy after error compensation attains 6.5μm.

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2

Brinksmeier, E., Y. Mutlugünes, F. Klocke, J. C. Aurich, P. Shore, and H. Ohmori. "Ultra-precision grinding." CIRP Annals 59, no. 2 (2010): 652–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2010.05.001.

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3

Shiha, Albert J., and Nien L. Lee. "Precision cylindrical face grinding." Precision Engineering 23, no. 3 (July 1999): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-6359(99)00008-2.

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4

Fathima, K., M. Rahman, A. Senthil Kumar, and H. S. Lim. "Modeling of Ultra-Precision ELID Grinding." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 129, no. 2 (September 28, 2006): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2515382.

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The electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding is a new and an efficient process for ultra-precision finishing of hard and brittle materials. Unlike conventional grinding processes, the ELID grinding is a hybrid process that consists of a mechanical and an electrochemical process, and the performance of the ELID grinding process is influenced by the parameters of the above said processes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new grinding model for the ELID grinding, which can be used to avoid the cumbersome and expensive experimental trials. In this paper, the authors proposed a new grinding model for ultra-precision ELID grinding. The main focus is to develop a force model for the ultra-precision ELID grinding where the material removal is significantly lower than the conventional grinding. When the material removal rate is very low, it is very important to estimate the real contact area between the wheel and work surfaces. The developed grinding model estimates the real contact area by considering the wheel and the work surface characterization and the effect of the electrolytic reaction at the grinding wheel edge. The effects of the microstructure changes on the wheel surface by the electrochemical reaction have been implemented in the model in order to improve the efficiency of the developed model. The grinding model has been simulated and the simulated results are substantiated by the experimental findings.

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5

Mabuchi, Yusuke, Fumihiro Itoigawa, Takashi Nakamura, Keiich Kawata, and Tetsuro Suganuma. "High Precision Turning of Hardened Steel by Use of PcBN Insert Sharpened with Short Pulse Laser." Key Engineering Materials 656-657 (July 2015): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.656-657.277.

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Precision grinding is one of the important processes for finishing of hardened steel parts. However, the grinding process might be quite costly providing the parts with shape complexity should be finished because a number of production steps are needed. Also, this process has some environmental issues, such as disposal of a large amount of grinding sludge and grinding fluid. Precision cutting would become a better alternative process to reduce cost and environmental burden because process steps can be simplified by use of CNC machine tools with PcBN cutting insert if deterioration of cutting tool edge by wear and chipping can be suppressed for long duration. In this study, to improve performance of a PcBN cutting insert, such as wear resistance and defect resistance by the applying of pulse laser processing to sharpen cutting edge in order to realize substitution of cutting for grinding. Precision cutting experiments for hardened steel are conducted by use of the PcBN insert with sharp and tough edges processed by pulsed laser and, for comparison, by use of the PcBN insert ground with diamond wheel. From the results of cutting experiments, it was found that precision cutting with PcBN insert processed by pulsed laser can provide a steady cutting state for a long cutting duration, and a smooth finished surface comparable to precision grindings.

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6

KASUGA, Hiroshi, Hitoshi OHMORI, Yutaka WATANABE, and Taketoshi MISHIMA. "C30 Grinding Characteristics of Optical Glass for Surface Roughness Reduction(Nano precision Elid-grinding)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2009.5 (2009): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2009.5.725.

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7

Guan, Jia Liang, Zhi Wei Wang, Li Li Zhu, Zhi De Chen, and Wen Chang Wang. "The Development and Research of the Special ELID Grinding Machine." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.298.

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ELID grinding technology applied to difficult-to-machine materials’ precision and ultra-precision processing has obtained good results. Based on the existing experimental results of ELID grinding, according to the structure characteristics of the existing grinding machine, we designed and developed a special ELID grinding machine in order to greatly improve the machining precision and automation degree of the existing grinding machine and achieve precision and ultra-precision processing of difficult-to-machine materials.

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8

Guan, Jia Liang, Xiao Hui Zhang, Ling Chen, and Xin Qiang Ma. "Research on Cylindrical Precision Machining Adopting ELID Grinding Technology." Advanced Materials Research 1027 (October 2014): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1027.97.

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In order to explore the new way to precision machining of the cylindrical, ELID precision mirror grinding technology are employed to precision ultra-precision grinding experiments. Given ELID precision mirror grinding technology has effectively solved the basis of many of the typical flat-precision machining difficult materials and efficient processing, through the conversion process equipment tools, and optimization of process parameters, obtained when the wheel speed in 16 ~ 20 m / s, when the grinding depth 10μm, cylindrical grinding state is best, which could obtain Ra0.025μm surface roughness of the machined surface.

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9

Brinksmeier, Ekkard, Yildirim Mutlugünes, Grigory Antsupov, and Kai Rickens. "New Tool Concepts for Ultra-Precision Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 516 (June 2012): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.516.287.

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This paper presents advanced tools for ultra precision grinding which offer a high wear resistance and can be used to generate high-quality parts with an ultraprecise surface finish. The first approach features defined dressed, coarse-grained, single layered, metal bonded diamond grinding wheels. These grinding wheels are called Engineered Grinding Wheels and have been dressed by an adapted conditioning process which leads to uniform abrasive grain protrusion heights and flattened grains. This paper shows the results from grinding optical glasses with such Engineered Grinding Wheels regarding the specific forces and the surface roughness. The results show that the cutting mechanism turns into ductile removal and optical surfaces are achievable. On the other hand, the specific normal force F´n increases due to increased contact area of the flattened diamond grains. It is shown that the topography of the Engineered Grinding Wheels has a strong beneficial influence on surface roughness. The second new tool for ultra precision grinding is made of a CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition) poly-crystalline diamond layer with sharp edges of micrometre-sized diamond crystallites as a special type of abrasive. The sharp edges of the crystallites act as cutting edges which can be used for grinding. It is shown that by using CVD-diamond-coated grinding wheels a high material removal rate and a high surface finish with surface roughness in the nanometre range can be achieved. The CVD-diamond layers exhibit higher wear resistance compared to conventional metal and resin bonded diamond wheels. In conclusion, this paper shows that not only conventional fine grained, multi-layered resinoid diamond grinding wheels but also coarse-grained and binderless CVD-coated diamond grinding wheels can be applied to machine brittle and hard materials by ultra precision grinding.

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10

OZAWA, Norimitsu, Akinori YUI, and Kimiyuki MITSUI. "Precision balancing of grinding wheels." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 53, no. 4 (1987): 652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.53.652.

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11

Chen, X., W. B. Rowe, and R. Cai. "Precision grinding using CBN wheels." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 42, no. 5 (April 2002): 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6955(01)00152-3.

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12

Baek, Seung Yub, Eun Sang Lee, and Jong Koo Won. "A Study on the Grinding to Improve Profile Accuracy of Aspheric Lens." Key Engineering Materials 364-366 (December 2007): 1168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.364-366.1168.

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This study presents the development of an ultra-precision grinding system based on a new grinding technique called the “In-Process Grinding Method (IPGM)”. IPGM which is used for grinding aspheric lens increases both the production and grinding performance, and significantly decreases total production costs. To enhance the precision grinding productivity of ultra-precision aspheric lens, we present here an ultra-precision grinding system and process for the aspheric micro-lens. The tool path was calculated and CNC program generation and tool path compensation were performed for aspheric lens. Using this ultra-precision grinding system, aspheric lens, 4mm in diameter, were successfully performed. The profile error after the first grinding without any compensation was less than 0.6μm, and surface roughness Ra was 0.01μm. In-process grinding was performed with compensation. Results of the profile accuracy P-V 0.3μm and surface roughness Ra 0.006 μm were obtained.

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13

Ke, Xiao Long, Jian Chun Liu, and Hai Bin Huang. "Study on Precision Grinding Technique for Large Size Optical Aspheric Lens." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.1015.

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Large size optical aspheric lens is an important component in optical engineering. Aiming at the demand of precision processing for optical aspheric lens, this paper develops a precision grinding technique for large size optical aspheric lens. Based on precision surface grinding machine (MGK7160), grating-type parallel grinding method is put forward to realize grinding paths planning for optical aspheric lens. An on-machine measurement system is built to obtain surface measurement and evaluation after grinding. In order to ensure machining precision and efficiency, a diamond truer which self-developed is adopted to precision dress for arc diamond wheel. Finally, the experiment of precision grinding and error compensation validates machining accuracy for large size optical aspheric lens.

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14

Liang, Xun Kun, and Zhi Jian He. "Precision Grinding Characteristics and Process Optimization on YG3 Cemented Carbide." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 1971–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.1971.

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Precision grinding experiment and process optimization of YG3 cemented carbide materials was conducted with various grinding parameters using resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel. Different rotation speed of workpiece, feed rate and grinding depth were chozen in precision cross grinding. Surface roughness was measured for studying the removal mode and grinding charateristics. A set of ideal grinding parameters of YG3 cemented carbide were obtained by changing the process parameters. The research result has guiding significance for reducing the wheel wear and processing costs, improving grinding quality and efficiency while precision grinding hard and brittle materials.

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15

He, Zhi Jian, and Xu Kun Liang. "Precision Vertical Grinding of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Using CBN Wheels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 2481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.2481.

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A set of precision vertical grinding experiment on WC-CO cemented tungsten carbide materials was carried out using cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheel. Different grinding parameters such as rotation speeds of workpiece, feed rates and grinding depths were employed during precision vertical grinding. Surface roughness was measured for studying the grinding charateristics of WC-CO cemented tungsten carbide in this removal mode. Optimal grinding parameters were obtained by changing the process parameters. The research results have an important significance to improve grinding quality and efficiency for precision grinding cemented tungsten carbide materials.

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16

Yin, Shao Hui, Jing Wang, Feng Jun Chen, Jian Wu Yu, Yu Wang, Qing Liang Zhao, and Hong Liang Li. "Inclined Axis Ultra-Precision Grinding for Spherical Surface." Solid State Phenomena 175 (June 2011): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.175.145.

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Through establishing the mathematical models of velocity and grinding force to optimize the installation angle with inclined axis grinding technology, the spherical surface of the ultra-hard alloy material was ground by formed electroplated diamond wheel. After analyzing the abrasion of grinding wheel, the results show that the inclined axis grinding technology of the formed grinding wheel can avoid the rotation dead spots of grinding wheel, and can make the grinding wheel surface contacted with work-piece fully which could make the worn more evenly. Finally, it obtains a surface in a high quality with the surface roughness of Ra is 12.88nm, and the form accuracy of PV is 124nm.

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17

Xiao, Qiang, and Xue Li He. "Research on the Precision Machining on SiC." Advanced Materials Research 900 (February 2014): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.900.601.

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SiC material removal mechanism and ELID grinding mechanism is analyzed, the character and condition of brittle to ductile transition of SiC single crystal, the critical depth of cut, and surface formation mechanism of ductile mode grinding of SiC single crystal are studied, the experiment results show that ELID grinding can realize ductile grinding ,this will lower the surface damage and improve the machining efficiency.

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18

Kuai, Ji Cai, Dmitrii V. Ardashev, Jia Qi Zhang, and Hua Li Zhang. "Manufacturing Technology of α-Fe Bonded Grinding Wheel Free Abrasive." Key Engineering Materials 780 (September 2018): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.780.111.

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ELID ultra-precision grinding mirror surface can achieve nanometer precision. However, after the grinding wheel passivates the abrasive particles in electrolysis, it is easy to scratch the ultra-precision ELID grinding surface into the grinding process. In order to solve this problem, a non-abrasive grain α-Fe bonded grinding wheel is propose, which contains no abrasive particles. After electrolysis, oxide film is formed on the surface of the wheel. In ultra-precision ELID grinding, there is no abrasive particles involved, only the polishing effect of oxide film. There is no need to worry about the scratching of exfoliated abrasive particles that have been machined on ultra-precision ELID surfaces. Thus achieving extremely high surface accuracy.

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19

Wu, Yu Hou, L. X. Zhang, Ke Zhang, and Song Hua Li. "Design on High-Speed Precision Grinder." Key Engineering Materials 304-305 (February 2006): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.304-305.492.

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As one of the modern manufacture technology, high-speed precision grinding takes an important part in the modern manufacture field. With the development of the technology on high-speed spindle unit, linear precision high-speed feed unit, manufacture of grinding wheel, measurement etc, a great deal of research achievements make it possible for high-speed precision grinding. In this paper, using PMAC (Programmable Multi-Axis Controller)—PC as the central controller, a new kind of high-speed precision grinder is designed and manufactured. The servo control technology of linear motor is investigated. The dynamic performances of the machine are analyzed according to the experimental results. Elliptical workpieces have been machined with this new high-speed precision grinder. Based on these research results, a very helpful approach is provided for the precision grinding of complicated workpieces, and these results promote the development of high speed grinding too.

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20

Lin, Ze Qin, Su Juan Wang, and Xin Du Chen. "Fabrication of Micro V-Grooves in Ultra-Precision Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 679 (February 2016): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.679.179.

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Ultra-precision grinding is an effective method to machine the optical micro v-groove, which is one of microstructures applied to the fiber-optics connectors, displays and other photonics devices. The ultra-precision grinding technology directly obtains high surface quality for brittle materials when the grinding process is under the ductile mode. This paper introduces general aspects of ultra-precision grinding technology in the fabrication of the micro v-grooves structures and introduces the essential features of ultra-precision grinding. The process of the manufacturing of the optical micro v-grooves components is presented in this paper. It contains the prediction models of surface roughness and form accuracy in the ultra-precision grinding and the optimization model under the consideration of the influences of grinding parameters,grinder factors and the material properties on the surface quality and machining efficiency. This study therefore contributes to providing a further understanding on the mechanisms of material removal and surface generation in ultra-precision girnding.

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21

Hasuda, Y., Y. Suzuki, Y. Tadokoro, S. Kinebuchi, T. Ohashi, and T. Furusawa. "Precision Grinding of SUS304 Using Metal Bonded CBN Wheel." Advanced Materials Research 24-25 (September 2007): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.24-25.261.

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The fundamental experiment of the grinding of the stainless steel using the metal bonded CBN wheel which was excellent in wear resistance was conducted. The most appropriate grinding conditions were obtained by clarifying wear process of grinding wheel and finished ground surface quality. When grinding was carried out up to stock removal 7000mm3/mm, radial wear of grinding wheel %R is 3μm and surface roughness Rz was 0.5μm or less. The grinding ratio Gr becomes about 3000, and long life grinding with little change of surface roughness was possible.

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22

Liu, Wei Xiang. "Research on Nano-Ceramic Coatings Precision Grinding." Advanced Materials Research 748 (August 2013): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.748.260.

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The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics in nano-ceramic coating material determine largely their grindability, there are a variety of wear mechanisms existing in grinding process, wear resistance of nanoceramic coatings are higher than normal ceramic coating, processing zone in ceramic materials can be divided into inelastic deformation zone and elastic deformation zone. In the process of nanoceramic coatings materials removal, inelastic deformation removal and brittle removal is the coexistence, the grinding force, existing in nanostructured ceramic coatings, is bigger than it in general structure ceramic coating. In plastic deformation materials removal mode, the grinding surface roughness is low, while in brittle removal , surface grinding roughness is high , prone to grinding surface/subsurface damage.

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23

Cui, Zhong Ming, Deng Jie Zhu, and Lei Du. "Precision form Grinding of Ceramic Materials with Diamond Grinding Wheel." Key Engineering Materials 359-360 (November 2007): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.359-360.90.

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Ceramic is difficult to cut with normal machining method in precision intricate profile. The grinding process with diamond abrasive wheel is an effective process to machining ceramic materials. In this paper, a precise form-grinding method of ceramic materials with diamond grinding wheel is introduced. The tolerance of intricate profiler precision degree by this grinding process is less than 0.005mm. The machining process contains many techniques as high efficiency of profiler dressing technique of diamond wheel and form grinding process of ceramic. It gives some references on the developing of ceramic precision intricate profile machining techniques forward.

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24

Xiu, Shi Chao, Jian Liu, Chang He Li, and Guang Qi Cai. "Study on Balance Precision of Ultra-High Speed CBN Grinding Wheel System." Key Engineering Materials 375-376 (March 2008): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.375-376.614.

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The balance precision of grinding wheel is a key technical parameter in ultra-high speed grinding process. The actual standard for the balance precision of rigid rotor is not fit for the thin ultra-high speed grinding system well. The unbalance factors affected on the ultra-high speed grinding wheel and its system were analyzed, and its effects on the machining quality in the process were also discussed. The theory and select principle of the balance precision for ultra-high speed grinding wheel system were studied. The test of dynamic performance was performed for the thin ultra-high speed CBN grinding wheel system whose structure was optimized. The groundwork to establish the standard of balance precision for thin ultra-high speed grinding system was offered.

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25

Kang, Gui Wen, Fei Hu Zhang, and Shen Dong. "Precision Finishing Combined with ELID and MRF." Materials Science Forum 471-472 (December 2004): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.471-472.317.

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ELID grinding is widely used as a high-productivity and super-precision grinding method for hard and brittle materials. It continues grinding stably with metal bonded diamond wheel due to its in-process dressing. Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is a novel precision finishing process for hard and brittle materials. In this paper, ELID grinding and MRF are adopted to get high surface quality and remove subsurface damage of hard and brittle materials. The results show that this combination gives attention to both efficiency and quality and can be used to replace conventional optics manufacturing.

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26

Guan, J. L., Li Li Zhu, H. W. Lu, and Zhi Wei Wang. "The Research of ELID Grinding Effect and Surface Quality on Carbonized Cold-Rolled Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 542–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.542.

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In this document, the electrolytic in-process dressing ( ELID ) grinding technique is used for ultra-precision processing experimental research on the carbonized cold-rolled steel (HRC60～80).A surface roughness of Ra6～8nm was obtained after ELID precision grinding. The results proved that adopting micro grain size (W1.5～W36) and high hardness cast iron based diamond grinding wheel, increasing the wheel peripheral velocity (18～20m/s) and reducing grinding depth can effectively improve surface quality and bring the surface roughness down. The wheel peripheral velocity, grinding depth as well as grinding fluid are the main factors during ultra-precision grinding.

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27

Sha, Zhi Hua, Zong Nan Zhang, and Sheng Fang Zhang. "Research on the Virtual Prototype of Grinding System for Wafer Precision Grinding Machine Based on Mechanical System Mechanics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (April 2012): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.330.

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In order to decrease the development costs, shorten the developing cycle, improve the overall performance and reduce the environmental pollution of the wafer precision grinding machine, the structure, transmission, movement of grinding system for wafer precision grinding machine is analyzed based on mechanical system mechanics, the three-dimensional model of the grinding system is established, based on frame animation technology and via secondary development of Pro/E in the environment of VS 2008, the virtual prototype of grinding system for wafer precision grinding machine is developed, the kinematics and dynamics simulation of the grinding system is realized.

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28

Hasuda, Y., Y. Suzuki, T. Kato, R. Meguriya, T. Furusawa, and T. Ohashi. "Precision Grinding and Slicing of Glass-Like-Carbon." Advanced Materials Research 24-25 (September 2007): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.24-25.65.

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High density and isotropic poreless structure of Glass-like-carbon makes it practically used for fuel cells of space-shuttles and hard disk substrate etc. Glass-like-carbon is one of the new materials which attract attention, but it is so hard and brittle that precise machining of this material is difficult. Surface grinding and slicing were performed to collect the fundamental data of precise machining. The main results obtained in this study are as follows. (1) The transition from brittle mode to ductile mode in surface grinding occurs at a grain mesh size between #5000 and #3000. (2) The maximum grain depth of cut ‘dg’ necessary for ductile mode grinding is 0.021-0.006 mm or less. (3) When it is being sliced, the kerf width of the #1000 grinding wheel becomes wider than that of the #2000 grinding wheel because of the fact that the material removal capability of the #1000 grinding wheel is bigger than that of the #2000 grinding wheel. (4) It is extremely effective to use the fine grinding wheel, since the Young's modulus of glass-like-carbon is considerably low and eventually causes compression transformation,.

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29

Chen, Xiao Jian, Fei Wu, and Jia Mei Jin. "Precision Machining Based on Elastic Waves in Solids." Advanced Materials Research 669 (March 2013): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.669.161.

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A grinding tool without kinematic pairs, of compactness and low cost, based on the defect that it is difficult to improve the precision of kinematic pairs of traditional grinding methods, is presented in the paper. The operating principle based on elastic waves was analyzed. The grinding tool would realize the ultra-precision machining theoretically and experimentally. Components of the prototype were manufactured, assembled, and tested for the grinding performance to validate the concepts of the precision machining and confirm the simulation results of modal and harmonic analysis. The test results show that the performance of the proposed grinding tool can meet the requirements of the precision grinding. It is confirmed that this prototype can realize the accurate ultra-low-stress and the removal of material under ultra-low-stress circumstance. The research is aimed at exploring new methods and new theories of ultra-precision surface machining and giving a new solution to the problem of ultra-precision surface machining.

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30

Ding, Ning, Chang Long Zhao, Xi Chun Luo, Qing Hua Li, and Yao Chen Shi. "An Intelligent Prediction of Surface Roughness on Precision Grinding." Solid State Phenomena 261 (August 2017): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.261.221.

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Precision grinding is generally used as the final finishing process, and it determines the surface quality of the machined component. It’s very difficult to achieve on-line measurement of the surface roughness. The purpose of this research was to study the surface roughness prediction and avoid the defect happening in the grinding process. A surface roughness prediction model was proposed in this paper, which presented the relationship between surface roughness and the wear condition of grinding wheel and grinding parameters. An AE sensor was used to collect the grinding signals during the grinding process to obtain the grinding wheel wear condition. Besides, a fuzzy neural network was used to obtain the prediction surface roughness. Grinding trials were performed on a high precision CNC cylindrical grinder (MGK1420) to evaluate the surface roughness prediction model. Experiment verified that the developed prediction system was feasible and had high prediction accuracy.

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31

Jiang, Chen, Haolin Li, Yunfei Mai, and Debao Guo. "Material removal monitoring in precision cylindrical plunge grinding using acoustic emission signal." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 228, no. 4 (May 10, 2013): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406213489652.

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A mathematical model of the acoustic emission signal during a grinding cycle is proposed for the monitoring of material removal in precision cylindrical grinding. Acoustic emission signals generated during precision grinding are sensitive to forces in grinding and present opportunities in accurate and reliable process monitoring. The proposed model is developed on the basis of a traditional grinding force model. Using the developed model, a series of experiments were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the acoustic emission-sensing approach in estimating the time constant and material removal in grinding. Results indicate that acoustic emission measurements can be used in the prediction of material removal in precision grinding with excellent sensitivity.

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32

Qian, Jun, Wei Li, and Hitoshi Ohmori. "Precision internal grinding with a metal-bonded diamond grinding wheel." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 105, no. 1-2 (September 2000): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(00)00596-3.

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33

Chen, Bing, Shichun Li, Zhaohui Deng, Bing Guo, and Qingliang Zhao. "Grinding marks on ultra-precision grinding spherical and aspheric surfaces." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology 4, no. 4 (October 2017): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40684-017-0047-5.

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34

Lysov, V. E., and A. S. Medvedev. "Identification of precision grinding processes on a coordinate-grinding machine." Russian Engineering Research 29, no. 6 (June 2009): 633–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x09060288.

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35

Baek, Seung Yub, Jung Hyung Lee, Eun Sang Lee, and H. D. Lee. "An Experimental Investigation of Optimal Grinding Condition for Aspheric Surface Lens Using Full Factorial Design." Key Engineering Materials 329 (January 2007): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.329.27.

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To enhance the precision and productivity of ultra precision aspheric surface micro lens, the development of ultra-precision grinding system and process for the aspheric surface micro lens are described. In this paper, an ultra-precision grinding system for manufacturing the aspheric surface micro lens was developed by considering the factors affecting the grinding surface roughness and profile accuracy. This paper deals with the mirror grinding of an aspheric surface micro lens by resin bonded diamond wheel and with the spherical lens of BK7. The optimization of grinding conditions with respect to ground surface roughness and profiles accuracy is investigated by design of experiments.

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Deng, Zhao Hui, Bi Zhang, and Zhong Wei Hu. "Study on the Material Removal Mechanism of Precision Surface Grinding of Nanostructured WC/12Co Coating." Key Engineering Materials 329 (January 2007): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.329.99.

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Nanostructured ceramic coatings has excellent properties, their industrial application depends not only on their fabrication but also on their precision grinding technology, so it is necessary to study the material removal mechanism in grinding of nanostructured ceramic coatings. This paper presents experimental results on how the grinding processes parameters affect the grinding force ratio and specific grinding energy as well as surface roughness in precision surface grinding of nanostructured WC/12Co (n-WC/12Co) coating and also presents SEM observations of surface and subsurface of n-WC/12Co coating ground under different grinding conditions. Furthermore this paper discusses the material removal mechanism in grinding of n-WC/12Co coatings and gives priority to inelastic deformation instead of brittle fracture, which provides theoretical basis for the precision grinding of nanostructured ceramic coating.

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Zhang, Bei, Hong Jun Xu, Yu Can Fu, and Hong Hua Su. "Experiment Research on Grinding of Optical Glass with Indigenously Developed Monolayer Brazed Diamond Grinding Wheel." Advanced Materials Research 136 (October 2010): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.136.279.

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Conventional grinding of optical glass will normally result in not only much lower material removal rate but also short service life of grinding tools, which causes the high fabrication cost of optical glass. This paper focuses on the precision grinding of optical glass with the indigenously developed monolayer brazed diamond grinding wheel. Before grinding process a precision dressing is conduct. The dressed grinding wheel topography is observed. Through precision dressing the grinding process achieves moderate surface finish as well as ensures certain grinding efficiency. The ground surface of the optical glass workpiece is made up of micro-pits and glazing zones and the obtained surface roughness variation with the process parameters is analyzed. The experiment shows that the developed diamond grinding wheel is suitable to the application of optical glass machining.

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Hünten, Martin, Fritz Klocke, Olaf Dambon, and Benjamin Bulla. "Ultra Precision Grinding of Wafer Scale." Key Engineering Materials 516 (June 2012): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.516.257.

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Manufacturing moulds for the wafer-scale replication of precision glass optics sets new demands in terms of grinding tool lifetime and the processes to be applied. This paper will present different approaches to grinding processes and kinematics to machine wafer-scale tungsten carbide moulds with diameters of up to 100 mm and more than 100 single aspheric cavities, each featuring form accuracies in the micron range. The development of these processes will be described and advantages and disadvantages of the approaches derived from practical tests performed on an ultra precision grinding machine (Moore Nanotech 350FG) will be discussed. Finally, a comparison between the developed processes is made where achieved form accuracies and surface topography are analyzed.

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Chen, Tao, Xian Chuang Li, Chang Hong Wang, Guang Miao, and Yan Yan Wang. "The Grinding and Test of Annular Milling Cutter with Double-Circular-Arc." Materials Science Forum 836-837 (January 2016): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.836-837.205.

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For the problem of the non standard cutter shape cutting edge not smooth transition connection and flank face of cutting tool grinding precision difference, the influence of wheel deformation is analyzed to different grinding linear speed, and the grinding wheel deformation error compensation grinding method is studied in this work. The grinding of annular milling cutter with double-circular-arc is processed in five axis CNC tool grinder. Finally the machining precision of annular milling cutter with double-circular-arc is tested by the tool test center, the result show that the wheel grinding method based on compensation of grinding can realize smooth transition in different parts of cutting edge belt of annular milling cutter with double-circular-arc and flank grinding precision is ensured.

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Guan, Peng, Ji Qiang Li, Shuang Zhu, Tian Biao Yu, and Wan Shan Wang. "Advances in Simulation of Grinding Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 1879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.1879.

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Grinding is an important method for precision machining and ultra-precision grinding. It is used to generate parts with high surface finish, high form accuracy and surface integrity. In recent years, grinding technology in precision machining and ultra-precision machining of ceramics, glass and high-strength alloys and other hard materials has been applied widely. Grinding process is complex, once known as "black processing technology." Computer simulation is an important method to research the grinding mechanism and optimize the grinding process parameters. Especially in recent years as the development of computer calculation speed, the improvement of computer graphics theory and the gradual maturity of artificial intelligence technology, experts and scholars whose research subject related grinding had done a lot of work on grinding simulation. This paper gives an overview of the current state of the art in simulation of grinding processes: Physical simulation (material removal mechanism, grinding force, grinding temperature, etc.) and geometrical simulation (surface topography and surface integrity) are taken into account, and outlined with respect to their achievements in this paper. Furthermore, the capabilities and the limitations of the presented simulation approaches will be exemplified.

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Suzuki, Hirofumi, Tatsuya Furuki, Mutsumi Okada, Yutaka Yamagata, and Shinya MORITA. "Precision Grinding of Structured Tungsten Carbide Mold." Advanced Materials Research 497 (April 2012): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.497.15.

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Demands of glass Fresnel lens is increasing in solar panel in order to increase power efficiency. Glass lens is usually molded by glass molding method with tungsten carbide molds. In this study, large Fresnel lens molds made of tungsten carbide are tested to be ground by simultaneous 2-axis (Y, Z) controlled grinding method. The resinoid bonded diamond wheel was trued with a rare metal truer to improve the sharpness of the wheel edge. In the grinding test of the tungsten carbide mold, a form accuracy of less than 0.8 μm P-V and surface roughness of 18 nm Rz were obtained, and it is clarified that the proposed grinding method is useful for the Fresnel grinding.

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Wang, Zhen Zhong, and Yin Biao Guo. "Surface Waviness Analysis for Axisymmetric Aspheric Lens in Precision Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 359-360 (November 2007): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.359-360.399.

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For precision grinding, especially the aspheric grinding, the vibrations of wheel and workpiece have great impact on workpiece accuracy and roughness with special waviness. This paper firstly studies the relationship between grinding parameters and surface quality. Then according to the two kinds of aspheric machining mode: grinding with equal step feeding and grinding with equal angle feeding, the corresponding surface equations and vibration equations after grinding are given in this paper. Moreover, the specific analysis of aspheric surface model and surface waviness are also discussed for parameters optimization. The grinding experiments are done to support the theoretical research. The comparison between theoretical waviness analysis and experimental results shows good matching.

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Zhao, Yong Qiang, Sheng Dun Zhao, and Hong Ling Hou. "Precision Grinding Process Design of Twin-Screw Compressor Rotor." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1107.

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With the accuracy improvement of twin-screw compressor rotor machining, higher requirement of crew rotor grinded equipment and grinding process is put forward. Based the theory of screw grinding and CNC forming grinding wheel dress technology, the relationship between machine working parameters, CNC grinding wheel dressing parameters and screw rotor grinded process parameters are investigated, and the relationship between CNC grinding wheel dressing parameters and the screw rotor grinded process parameters is established, and its formulas are presented to describe the distances between grinding wheel axis and screw rotor axis. Through these formulas, the CNC wheel dressing program could be designed easily, the performance and efficiency of machine would be improved, and especially the machining quality of screw rotor would be enhanced and becomes more stability.

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Subramanian, K., S. Ramanath, and M. Tricard. "Mechanisms of Material Removal in the Precision Production Grinding of Ceramics." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 119, no. 4A (November 1, 1997): 509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831181.

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Grinding of ceramics is often treated as coarse grinding dominated by brittle fracture or fine grinding, at very low removal rates, dominated by plastic deformation. Through a set of experimental observations and analysis, it is shown that in grinding of ceramics the abrasive/work interaction can be treated similar to well known chip formation models. Such an approach permits the coexistence of ductile deformation and brittle fracture during the grinding of ceramics. When the grinding process is managed such that the brittle fracture is minimized, while maximizing the plastic deformation optimum results are achieved. In this regard it is conceivable to design ceramic grinding cycles, where the rough grinding cycle focuses on surface generation to achieve high material removal rate and productivity while minimizing brittle fracture and the finish grinding cycle focuses on surface generation which maximizes plastic deformation while still minimizing brittle fracture. While the above accounts for only one of four interactions in the grinding zone (viz) abrasive/work interaction, it is also necessary to address the other three interactions (viz) chip/bond, chip/work and bond/work interactions. The later considerations for ceramics grinding are identical to well established practices in metal grinding. When such grinding cycle optimization is carried out taking simultaneously into account the aspects of machine tool, grinding wheel, work material and operational factors, significant progress can be made in the grinding of ceramics. The results obtained through such systems approach are also described in this paper.

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Chen, Shanshan, Shuming Yang, Chi Fai Cheung, Duanzhi Duan, Lai Ting Ho, Zhuangde Jiang, and Chengwei Kang. "Fabrication of the high-precision micro-structure array using a phase shift modulation of superimposed oscillation in ultra-precision grinding." Optics Express 30, no. 24 (November 18, 2022): 44321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.477337.

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Various micro-structure surface texturing methods have been used to produce optical functional surface in the grinding, such as the textured grinding wheel, wheel path control and off-spindle-axis grinding. However, those grinding technologies are inherently challenged to employ in large-scale surface grinding due to the extremely high requirement for wheel cutting profile dressing. In this study, a novel phase shift modulation based on wheel oscillation motion was proposed to generate the micro-structure array in ultra-precision grinding. The phase shift effect involved in the surface micro-structure generation is investigated, in which the role of the second phase shift on superimposed mode and micro-waviness forms is discussed. A theoretical model based on the tool superimposed oscillation is established to study the micro-structure texture generation mechanism by considering the second phase shift. The influence of modulation frequency in the case of phase shift and out of phase shift on the surface texture generation both for the striation pattern and micro-structure is compared to clarify the transition between the continuous grooves and the discrete micro-structure array. The study indicates that the phase shift modulation represents a novel paradigm for fabricating micro-structure array with considerable capability and high efficiency in ultra-precision grinding.

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YE, Zhen, Peng YAO, Shi-meng YU, Xian-peng ZHANG, and Chuan-zhen HUANG. "Precision grinding of cylindrical microlens array." Optics and Precision Engineering 29, no. 7 (2021): 1567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/ope.2020.0612.

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Konneh, Mohamed. "Precision Surface Grinding of Silicon Carbide." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 1, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.01.02.2016.02.

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Silicon carbide (SiC) is well known for its excellent material properties, high durability, high wear resistance, light weight and extreme hardness. Among the engineering applications of this material, it is an excellent candidate for optic mirrors used in an Airbone Laser (ABL) device. However, the low fracture toughness and extreme brittleness characteristics of SiC are predominant factors for its poor machinability. This paper presents surface grinding of SiC using diamond cup wheels to assess the performance of diamond grits with respect to the roughness produced on the machined surfaces and also the morphology of the ground work-piece. Resin bonded diamond cup wheels of grit sizes 46 µm, 76 µm and 107 µm; depth of cut of 10 µm, 20 µm and 30 µm; and feed rate of 2 mm/min, 12 mm/min and 22 mm/min were used during this machining investigation. It has been observed that the 76 grit performs better in terms of low surface roughness value and morphology.

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Sinhoff, V., and W. König. "Generative Precision Grinding of Optical Glass." CIRP Annals 47, no. 1 (1998): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62829-7.

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YOSHIHARA, Nobuhito, and Tsunemoto KURIYAGAWA. "2612 Precision Grinding of Aspherical Surface." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2005.4 (2005): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2005.4.0_61.

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Couey, Jeremiah A., Eric R. Marsh, Byron R. Knapp, and R. Ryan Vallance. "Monitoring force in precision cylindrical grinding." Precision Engineering 29, no. 3 (July 2005): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2004.11.003.

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