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Journal articles on the topic 'Precipitators'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Parker, K. R., and A. Russell-Jones. "Control of Refuse Incinerator Particulate Emissions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Power and Process Engineering 200, no. 1 (February 1986): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1986_200_006_02.

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One of the critical factors involved in the use of refuse as a source of heat energy is the requirement to remove particulate matter from the hot flue gases. The paper describes how this can be accomplished using electrostatic precipitators. Special design features of precipitators for this application are outlined including pre-collector devices to cope with low bulk density paper char which can otherwise pass through the precipitator. Performance data from various parts of the world are discussed, illustrating how the electrostatic precipitator can be designed to cope with the local emissions legislation.

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2

Wang, He Cen, De Hou Jiang, and Ying Liu. "Life Problem Analysis on PPS Filter Application of Bag Dedusters in Coal-Fired Power Plants." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 2464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2464.

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In order to control the dust emission for boiler, bag dedusters and composite electrostatic-bag precipitators in the application of coal-fired power plants in China increase annually, these precipitator most on the ratio of higher p-phenylene sulfide (hereinafter referred to as PPS) material produced filter bag, run after period of time, PPS filter bag large appeared the life cycle of damage phenomenon.In this paper, the problems of bag dedusters and composite electrostatic-bag precipitators in the operation are statistically analyzed,especially composite electrostatic-bag precipitators used in the near future will have more appear PPS filter bag oxidation, acid corrosion such problems as the in-depth analysis study, appropriate solutions are presented.

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3

Popa, Gabriel Nicolae. "About Improving Collection Efficiency for Industrial Plate-Type Electrostatic Precipitator." Advanced Engineering Forum 8-9 (June 2013): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.8-9.165.

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Plate-type electrostatic precipitators are the largest and most used industrial dusts control, most applications are in the production of electricity (thermoelectric power plants). In many industrial applications, plate-type precipitators have three sections and silicon-controlled rectifier power supplies type. Although, the collection efficiency obtained by these type of precipitators are more than 95%, most of the dust particles with diameter less than 10 μm remain un-collected. To improve the collection efficiency different electrical and/or mechanical options can be used. To improve the collection efficiency of industrial plate-type precipitators, the paper presents two practical options. The first solution would be replacing the power supplies silicon-controlled rectifier - with other special power supplies (intermittent power supplies, high frequency power supplies) depending on the dust resistivity; the second solution would be to add a new section at precipitator an expensive solution, usually the last. The technological and electrical sizes, simulated and measured, are presented for the proposed solutions.

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4

Dhayef, Haidar K., and Thamir H. Khalaf. "The Impact of Electrodes Arrangement on ESP Efficiency." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 2 (February 25, 2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.2.nq22020.

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In the last few decades, electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been improvement and many new methods have been implemented to increase in term of Particles collection efficiency in the sub micrometer size range. electrostatic precipitators rely on corona discharge processes to remove airborne dust particles. To understand particle behavior and flow dynamics inside electrostatic precipitators, a precise measurement of the electric field and charge density distribution is required. The electric field and charge density distributions in the negative wire-to-duct electrostatic precipitator were calculated using Poisson and charge conservation equations. typical efficiency of ESP as a function of geometrical and operation factors. In this paper, ESP designed and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics® 5.5. The effects of the distance between discharge-wires on collection efficiency was studied.

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5

Kawada, Yoshihiro, and Hirotaka Shimizu. "Development of an Electrostatic Precipitator with Porous Carbon Electrodes to Collect Carbon Particles." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 21, 2019): 2805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142805.

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Exhaust gases from internal combustion engines contain fine carbon particles. If a biofuel is used as the engine fuel for low-carbon emission, the exhaust gas still contains numerous carbon particles. For example, the ceramic filters currently used in automobiles with diesel engines trap these carbon particles, which are then burned during the filter regeneration process, thus releasing additional CO2. Electrostatic precipitators are generally suitable to achieve low particle concentrations and large treatment quantities. However, low-resistivity particles, such as carbon particles, cause re-entrainment phenomena in electrostatic precipitators. In this study, we develop an electrostatic precipitator to collect fine carbon particles. Woodceramics were used for the grounded electrode in the precipitator to collect carbon particles on the carbon electrode. Woodceramics are eco-friendly materials, made from sawdust. The electrical resistivity and surface roughness of the woodceramics are varied by the firing temperature in the production process. Woodceramics electrodes feature higher resistivity and roughness as compared to stainless-steel electrodes. We evaluated the influence of woodceramics electrodes on the electric field formed by electrostatic precipitators and calculated the corresponding charge distribution. Furthermore, the particle-collection efficiency of the developed system was evaluated using an experimental apparatus.

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6

Xia, Shaobo, Lu Duan, Jianpeng Wang, and Renshan Ji. "Effect of the Surface Treatment Process of Filter Bags on the Performance of Hybrid Electrostatic Precipitators and Bag Filters." Atmosphere 13, no. 8 (August 15, 2022): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081294.

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Hybrid electrostatic precipitators consisting of electrostatic precipitation (ESP) and a bag filter are potential devices for ultralow emissions. The ESP captures and charges the particles; subsequently, the charged particles that escape enter the bag filter. The charged particles can cause the electric field of the filter bag to develop, thereby enhancing the filtration efficiency due to the force of the electric field. Experiments based on the coupling-reinforced electrostatic–fabric integrated precipitator system were conducted to investigate the outlet total dust concentration, dust removal efficiency, pressure drop, energy consumption of bag filter, and hybrid electrostatic precipitators with various filter bags. The measured results demonstrate that the removal performance of filter bags with smaller fiber diameters was superior. However, the pressure drop and energy consumption were high due to the increased filtration resistance. Compared to bag filters, hybrid electrostatic precipitators had lower total and grade dust mass concentrations at the outlet, higher total and grade dust removal efficiencies, a minor average pressure drop variation per minute, and lower total energy consumption. Consequently, the quality factor was utilized to comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of dust collectors. The hybrid electrostatic precipitators had a significant greater quality factor; their overall performance was superior to that of bag filters. Overall, a smaller filter bag’s fiber diameter resulted in more effective dust removal capabilities. Hybrid electrostatic precipitators with various filter bags were significantly better than bag filters in terms of dust removal performance, cycle life, and energy consumption.

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7

Ley, M. H. "Electrostatic precipitators." Electronics and Power 31, no. 2 (1985): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ep.1985.0095.

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8

Amor, C. "Electrostatic precipitators." Electronics and Power 31, no. 4 (1985): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ep.1985.0176.

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9

McLean, K. J. "Electrostatic precipitators." IEE Proceedings A Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews 135, no. 6 (1988): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-1.1988.0056.

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10

Ziedan, Hamdy A., Hegazy Rezk, Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah, and Emad H. El-Zohri. "Finite Element Solution of the Corona Discharge of Wire-Duct Electrostatic Precipitators at High Temperatures—Numerical Computation and Experimental Verification." Mathematics 8, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8091406.

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Global warming is the greatest challenge faced by humankind, and the only way to reduce or totally eliminate its effects is by minimizing CO2 emissions. Electrostatic precipitators are very useful as a means to reduce emissions from heavy industry factories. This paper aims to examine the performance of wire-duct electrostatic precipitators (WDESP) as affected by high-temperature incoming gases with a varying number of discharge wires while increasing their radius. The precipitator performance is expressed in terms of the corona onset voltage on the stressed wires and the corona current–voltage (I–V) characteristic of the precipitators working with incoming gases at high temperatures. The start of the corona onset voltage on the surface of the discharge wires is calculated for the precipitators under high temperatures based on the standard of the self-repeat of avalanches’ electrons developing on the surface of the stressed wires at high temperatures. For this, calculating the electrostatic field in the precipitators with single- and multi-discharge wires due to the stressed wire with the use of the well-known charge simulation method (CSM) with high-temperature incoming gases is important. The modeling of corona I–V characteristics is adopted using the finite element method (FEM) for single- and multi- (3-, 5-, and 7-) discharge wires of WDESP with high-temperature incoming gases. Additionally, the electrostatic field, potential, and space charge of WDESP are calculated by a simultaneous solution of equations of Poisson, current density, and the continuity current density. A WDESP was set up in the Laboratory of High Voltage Engineering of Czech Technical University (CTU) in Prague, the Czech Republic, to measure the corona onset voltage values and corona I–V characteristics for different WDESP configurations at high temperatures with a varying number of discharge wires while increasing their radius. The calculated values of the corona onset voltage based on CSM and the calculated corona I–V characteristics based on FEM agree reasonably with those measured experimentally with high-temperature WDESP.

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11

Nazirov, Rashit A., Petr Yu Vede, Igor V. Tarsov, Andrey V. Zhuikov, Elena M. Sergunicheva, and Olga R. Tolochko. "DISTRIBUTION OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN ASHES, COLLECTED BY THERMAL POWER PLANTS ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR." Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, no. 7 (July 28, 2023): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/7/4007.

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Link for citation: Nazirov R.A., Vede P.Yu., Tarasov I.V., Zhuikov A.V., Sergunicheva E.M., Tolochko O.R. Distribution of natural radionuclides in ashes, collected by thermal power plants electrostatic precipitator. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 7, рр. 177-186. In Rus. Relevance. In the context of the global trend towards sustainable development, there is a problem of utilization of ash and slag waste from thermal power plants. The use of these wastes in the construction industry is of particular importance, due to the resource intensity of the production of building materials. Fly ash in the building materials composition can influence to a large extent the natural radioactivity of structures and increase the background radiation in the buildings. This is due to the fact that when coal combusting, fly ash is enriched with natural radionuclides. Purpose: to study the radioactivity of fly ash deposited on various fields of the electrostatic precipitator. Object: fly ash deposited on the fields of electrostatic precipitators from the combustion of Kansk-Achinsk brown coal in power boilers BKZ-420-140 PT-2. Methods. Content of Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 was determined by gamma-spectrometric method, the value of the normalized indicator of specific effective activity for fly ash was calculated. The granulometric composition of the studied samples was determined by the method of laser diffraction analysis. Cluster analysis was used for statistical processing of test results. Results. The presence of two clusters in the content of natural radionuclides was established. In the first cluster, which has high radioactivity, the first and second fields of UGZ-4 electrostatic precipitators are combined, and in the second – the third and fourth fields. A correlation dependence was established between the numbers of fields of electrostatic precipitators, the size of ash particles, the content of Ra-226 and specific effective activity was established. No such dependence was found for Th-232. Conclusions. Particle distribution in the fields of electrostatic precipitators is multimodal. The nature of the distribution of each mode approaches the lognormal law. The content of radium and the value of the specific effective activity depend on the size of ash particles and are described by an exponential function. The highest content of Ra-226 is observed in the ashes deposited on the third and fourth fields of electrostatic precipitators, which indicates the enrichment of finer ash particles with this radionuclide. The conclusions obtained correspond to the well-known thesis about the increased radioactivity of ash particles that are not deposited by ash collection systems and enter the atmosphere together with flue gases. The proposed method for studying the distribution of natural radionuclides over the fields of electrostatic precipitators can be used to predict the radioactivity of particles that are not captured by the flue gas cleaning system and released into the environment.

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12

Zhukov, E. I., O. V. Pilyaeva, N. V. Golovnykh, and I. I. Shepelev. "Reduction of Fine Dust Emissions During Sintering of Nepheline-Lime-Stone Charge." Ecology and Industry of Russia 27, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-8-16-21.

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It was found that dust of electrostatic precipitators supplied to the sintering furnace from the hot end precipitates little on the sintered material of the raw charge of alumina production of JSC "RUSAL Achinsk", increases the dust turnover and dust release of solid pollutants from the furnace into the atmosphere. In order to increase efficiency of purification of atmospheric air from fine dust of electric precipitators it is proposed to remove it from dust circulation of the sintering furnace and dispose of it separately in technology of road mixture when laying the base of road pavements. The introduction of this technology provides a reduction in atmospheric emissions from 18.965 to 5.859 g/s, a reduction in coal consumption by 1.39 kg of conventional fuel for the production of 1 ton of sinter and savings of coal fuel by 8350 tons per year.

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13

Matas, Richard, Martin Novák, and Jindřich Kňourek. "Numerical Simulations of Flow in Electrostatic Precipitators." MATEC Web of Conferences 328 (2020): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032802021.

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Electrostatic precipitators are widely used in power generation and industry to separate solid particles from flue gases. They need relatively homogeneous distribution of the flue gas inside otherwise the required efficiency cannot be ensured. The paper shows how to approach some of possible troubles with distribution of the stream inside of the filters caused by unsuitable design of ducts in front of the device or by inlet parts of filters. Three filters in operation are presented as examples which seem to be similar, but their behaviour is different. CFD simulations partialy validated by measurement were used to evaluate the existing flow situation. Design changes were proposed and further investigated to improve the flows in the precipitator.

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14

Drga, Juraj, Michal Holubčík, Nikola Čajová Kantová, and Bystrík Červenka. "Design of a Low-Cost Electrostatic Precipitator to Reduce Particulate Matter Emissions from Small Heat Sources." Energies 15, no. 11 (June 5, 2022): 4148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15114148.

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Capturing particulate matter (PM) is an important issue due to the protection of human health and the quality of their life. This paper describes the innovation of an affordable particulate matter capture device for small heat sources to reduce particulate matter emissions. The design of two investigated variants of the device is based on the principle of a tubular electrostatic precipitator with one charging electrode placed in the chimney. The design of the precipitators is aimed at increasing the area of the collecting electrodes by elements dividing precipitation space, with a simultaneously increased number of charging electrodes. The influence of the elements’ application on the pressure drop and the gas flow velocity through the devices is analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The work is further focused on the economic evaluation of precipitators and design adjustments for lower energy consumption. The achieved results show the right direction of efforts to improve the equipment designed to capture PM emissions.

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15

Yang, Ding, Yi Luo, XingLian Ye, WeiXiang Chen, Jun Guo, ZongShu Zou, and FengHua Lu. "Study on SO3 Cooperative Removal Effect of Ultra-low Emission Technology in Coal-fired Power Plants." E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185304005.

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SO3 is one of the main precursors of atmospheric PM2.5, and its emission has attracted more and more attention in the industry. This paper briefly analyzes the harm of SO3 and the method of controlled condensation to test SO3. The effect of cooperative removal of SO3 by ultra-low emission technology in some coal-fired power plants has been tested by using the method of controlled condensation. The results show that the cooperative removal of SO3 by ultra-low emission technology in coal-fired power plants is effective. The removal rate of SO3 by low-low temperature electrostatic precipitators and electrostatic-fabric integrated precipitators can be exceeded 80%, while the removal rate of SO3 by wet flue gas desulfurization equipment displays lower than the above two facilities, and the wet electrostatic precipitator shows a better removal effect on SO3. With the use of ultra-low emission technology in coal-fired power plants, the SO3 emission concentration of the tail chimney reaches less than 1 mg / Nm3.

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16

SRETENOVIC, IVAN, MASOUMEH FARKHONDEHKAVAKI, MARK KORTSCHOT, and HONGHI TRAN. "Factors affecting the electrical resistivity of kraft recovery boiler precipitator ash." July 2014 13, no. 7 (August 1, 2014): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj13.7.31.

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The electrical resistivity of ash particles is an important parameter that determines the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators. This systematic study examines the resistivity of recovery boiler precipitator ash as a function of electrical field strength, time of exposure, particle composition, and gas composition and temperature. Synthetic ash and actual ash samples from several pulp mills are used. The results show that most ash samples tested had a resistivity between 109 and 1010 Ω·cm, but one of the samples had an unusually high resistivity, 1012 Ω·cm. The resistivity increases with temperature up to about 140°C, then decreases. At a given temperature, the resistivity decreases with increasing moisture and sulfur dioxide concentration in the gas. Resistivity also increases with an increase in chloride content in the ash, but is not affected by the carbonate, sulfate, and potassium contents. The results imply that recovery boilers burning liquors with high solids and high chloride contents produce ash with higher resistivity, making it more difficult for electrostatic precipitators to capture.

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17

Petersen, H. Høgh. "Performance of Electrostatic Precipitators." Waste Management & Research 4, no. 1 (January 1986): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x8600400105.

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18

Orsáková, Denisa, Alexandra Masárová, Jaroslav Válek, Petr Novosad, and Rudolf Hela. "Mixing of Different Particle-Size Fractions of Fly Ash to Increase its Activity in Cement Composites." Advanced Materials Research 897 (February 2014): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.897.297.

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Fly ash residue from coal burning process in power plants have been used as an active additive in concrete since middle of nineteenth century. Nowadays, we are trying to maximize its reactivity in cement composites by several methods. One of the methods is mechanical activation by mixing several size fractions to reach ideal particle size distribution. Ideal particle size distribution of fine components in cement composites helps to reach maximal compactness and thus increases strength and durability. In this paper we present results of compressive and tensile strength of cement-fly ash mortars with mixing 3 size fractions origins in 3 electrostatic precipitators from power plant Tušimice. Fly ashes from 1st precipitator, 2nd precipitator and 3rd precipitator were mixed with ration 10:4:1, 5:4:1 a 0:4:1.

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19

Tachibana, N., and Y. Matsumoto. "Intermittent energization on electrostatic precipitators." Journal of Electrostatics 25, no. 1 (June 1990): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3886(90)90037-v.

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20

Stenhouse, J. I. T., and K. Barnes. "Aerosol deposition in electrostatic precipitators." Journal of Aerosol Science 21 (January 1990): S703—S706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(90)90339-y.

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21

Pan, Wei Guo, Chao Lin Shi, Fu Xiao Li, Han Cheng Luo, Rui Tang Guo, Hong Lei Ding, and Jie Nan Hong. "The Emission Control Technology of PM_2.5 from Coal-Fired Plant." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1346.

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A major source of PM2.5is the combustion of coal-fired power plant, so its very necessary to monitor and control the emission of PM2.5form power plant. This paper summarizes the main emission control technologies of PM2.5for coal-fired plant. As the traditional electrostatic precipitators has low removal efficiency of submicron particles, so we improved the supply conditions of the precipitator, and pre-charged to improve the particle properties. Through this article, we know that using electric coagulation technology to control the particles form plant is practicable, and it has a good prospect for development.

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22

Zhang, Zi Sheng, Xiao Dong Shi, Li Fang Liu, Zhan You Wang, and Deng Yuan Song. "The Control of Constant Current Source in Electrostatic Precipitators Based on Microcontroller." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.340.

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In order to improve the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, a control system of constant current source based on Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) is designed. In the control process, we use the pulse signal from microcontroller P1 port as digital signals of the switch. By changing the number of contact closure control, we achieve steady flow output of different magnitude. By using closed-loop feedback control, we achieve constant monitoring of dust concentration and ensure it compliance with outlet concentration of national requirements. The results show that microcontroller control system has a strong anti-interference, high accuracy, ease of programming, etc. Used in the electrostatic precipitator, collection efficiency can be further improved.

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23

Sokolov, V. A., S. S. Kirov, and M. D. Gasparyan. "Evaluation of the dust and gas cleaning system during meltin of chrome containing refractories in electric arc furnace." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 9 (November 25, 2022): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2022-9-3-7.

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The problems of the presence and formation of hexavalent chromium during smelting in electric arc furnaces are discussed. The schemes of gas cleaning systems from chromium-containing gases of electric arc furnaces DS-0,5 and DSP-1,5, The gas cleaning system of furnace DS-0,5 includes a cyclone, two Venturi scrubbers and an electrostatic precipitator. The gas cleaning system of DSP-1,5 furnace consists of a cyclone, regulated and diffuzor scrubbers and two electrostatic precipitators BVKO. It is shown that industrial production of fused chrome-containing refractories can be ensured under safe conditions by using the mentioned dust and gas cleaning systems. Ill. 4. Ref. 4. Tab. 1.

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24

Badran, Mohamed, and Abdallah Mahmoud Mansour. "Evaluating Performance Indices of Electrostatic Precipitators." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 11, 2022): 6647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186647.

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Utilizing electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) is an efficient particle removal method that sees a wide usage in industrial environments. This is mainly because of the low drop of the pressure flow, while retaining high collection efficiency, alongside being cost-effective. This paper reviewed previous works concerning optimizing the performance of single- and multi-stage ESPs by changing several design parameters and evaluating the effects on different performance indices, such as the corona power ratio, current-voltage characteristics, and overall collection efficiency. The review then goes through several modelling methodologies, showcasing their shortcomings and developments, as well as the relationship between the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow and the precipitation performance. The performance effects of using different electrode configurations and designs in terms of the number of electrodes, relative dimensions, spacings, channel lengths, and overall design were also reviewed.

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25

Muzafarov, Shavkat, Obid Tursunov, Vladlen Balitskiy, Aziz Babayev, Lolita Batirova, and Dilshod Kodirov. "IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS." International Journal of Energy for a Clean Environment 21, no. 2 (2020): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/interjenercleanenv.2020034379.

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26

Turner, James H., Phil A. Lawless, Toshiaki Yamamoto, David W. Coy, Gary P. Greiner, John D. McKenna, and William M. Vatavuk. "Sizing and Costing of Electrostatic Precipitators." JAPCA 38, no. 4 (April 1988): 458–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466396.

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Turner, James H., Phil A. Lawless, Toshiaki Yamamoto, David W. Coy, Gary P. Greiner, John D. McKenna, and William M. Vatavuk. "Sizing and Costing of Electrostatic Precipitators." JAPCA 38, no. 5 (May 1988): 715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466413.

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28

Kogelschatz, D. Ulrich, and Edgar A. Gerteisen. "Advanced computer modelling of electrostatic precipitators." Filtration & Separation 38, no. 9 (November 2001): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(01)80538-3.

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29

Pasic, H., J. Caine, and H. Shah. "MWESP: Membrane tubular wet electrostatic precipitators." Filtration & Separation 43, no. 9 (November 2006): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(06)71003-5.

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30

Huang, Sheng-Hsiu, and Chih-Chieh Chen. "Ultrafine Aerosol Penetration through Electrostatic Precipitators." Environmental Science & Technology 36, no. 21 (November 2002): 4625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es011157+.

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31

Shaughnessy, E. J., J. H. Davidson, and J. C. Hay. "The Fluid Mechanics of Electrostatic Precipitators." Aerosol Science and Technology 4, no. 4 (January 1985): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02786828508959072.

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32

Zav'yalov, A. I., and V. I. Panasenko. "Reliability of horizontal-type dry precipitators." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 26, no. 5 (May 1990): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01149685.

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33

Lowke, JJ, and R. Morrow. "Theory of Chemical ProcessingUsing Pulsed Precipitators." Australian Journal of Physics 48, no. 3 (1995): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph950403.

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A theoretical analysis is given, using methods of gaseous electronics and plasma chemistry, of the removal of S02 and nitrogen oxides from flue gases by use of pulsed electrical corona. Calculations indicate that the rate coefficients in a typical flue gas for the electron dissociation of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour only become appreciable for values of E/N greater than about 80 Td; E is electric field strength and N the gas number density. Chemical calculations using these data indicate that 802 is removed by conversion to sulphuric acid by reactions with OH radicals, and that oxides of nitrogen are removed largely by reduction from N atoms. To attain these high values of E / N, it is necessary to use pulsed voltages of pulse width r-v1 us in order to avoid electrical breakdown. The maximum pulse widths allowable to avoid breakdown is estimated by requiring the total energy input to be less than that which heatsthe gas by 104 K.

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34

Fujishima, Hidekatsu, Yasutoshi Ueda, Kazutaka Tomimatsu, and Toshiaki Yamamoto. "Electrohydrodynamics of spiked electrode electrostatic precipitators." Journal of Electrostatics 62, no. 4 (November 2004): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2004.05.006.

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35

Galstyan, Aram G., Vladislav K. Semipyatniy, Irina Yu Mikhailova, Khamid Kh Gilmanov, Alana V. Bigaeva, and Ramil R. Vafin. "Methodological Approaches to DNA Authentication of Foods, Wines and Raw Materials for Their Production." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030595.

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DNA authentication of wines is a process of verifying their authenticity by genetic identification of the main plant component. The sample preparation of experimental and commercial wines was carried out by precipitation of wine debris by centrifugation with preliminary exposure with precipitators and co-precipitators, including developed macro- and micro-volume methods applicable to white or red wines, using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a co-precipitator. Addition of 2-mercaptoethanol and proteinase K to the lysing solution made it possible to adapt the technology for DNA extraction from the precipitated wine debris. The additionally tested technique of DNA extraction from wine debris by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) lysis had fewer stages and, consequently, a lower risk of contamination. The results of further testing of one of the designed primer pairs (UFGT-F1 and UFGT-R1) in conjunction with the tested methods of wine material sample preparation and nucleic acid extraction, showed the advantage in the given set of oligonucleotides over previously used ones in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. The developing strategy for genetic identification of grape varieties and DNA authentication of wines produced from them based on direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products is implemented by interpreting the detected polymorphic positions of variable Vitis vinifera L. UFGT gene locus with distribution and split into 13 UFGT gene-associated groups.

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Han, Bangzhong. "Prospect Analysis of High Frequency Inverter Used in ESP." Electronics Science Technology and Application 2 (December 3, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/esta.v2i1.2.

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It has been difficult for the old ESP to meet the new dust emission standards, and the update of the equipment costs a lot of money, therefore, how to reach a higher cost performance becomes the focus of attention. After researches we found that the replacement of the industrial frequency power with the high-frequency inverter of the ESP power can greatly improve the collection efficiency, with a high cost performance and a good prospect of application. The core idea of electrostatic precipitators of high frequency inverter is to transfer three-phase working frequency power into DC power, make use of modernized power electronic technologies and transfer DC power inverter into high frequency AC for control. We can see from this article that electrostatic precipitators of high frequency inverter enjoy the following strengths: (l) Three-phase rectifier transfers three-phase AC power into DC power; the inverter transfers DC voltage into high frequency AC voltage. This method enjoys great flexibility in the control. (2) The output form of high frequency AC voltage square wave in the inverter transfers step-up transformer into high frequency transformer. (3) Compared with the traditional power supply of controllable silicon working frequency phase control electrostatic precipitators, the electrostatic precipitators power supply of high frequency inverter adopts full-controllable power component: IGBT which features swift switch-on/off speed and in case of flashover in the electrostatic precipitators, it is switched off immediately. Research has discovered that high frequency inverter can greatly upgrade the dust collection efficiency, enjoy favorable advancement and very high performance-price ratio and realize broad application prospect.

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Li, Zhen, Chen Yu Cao, and Jian Xing Ren. "Analysis of the Relationship between Electrostatic Dust Removal Efficiency and its Factors in Coal-Fired Power Plant." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1417.

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With the national environmental standards becoming more and more strict, electrostatic precipitators is facing the new challenges, promoting the efficiency further and reducing emissions are essential to achieve the environmental standards. This paper analyzed the influential factors of the dust removal efficiency of electrostatic precipitators in coal-fired units, and discussed the relationship between dust removal efficiency and its factors, which lay the foundation for improving the dust removal efficiency.

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Dobrowolski, Adrian, Damian Pieloth, Helmut Wiggers, and Markus Thommes. "Electrostatic Precipitation of Submicron Particles in a Molten Carrier." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11060276.

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Recently, submicron particles have been discussed as a means to increase the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Separation of these small particles is done with both fibre and membrane filters, as well as electrostatic precipitators. A major disadvantage of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is the agglomerate formation on the precipitation electrode. These agglomerates frequently show low bioavailability, due to the decreased specific surface area and poor wettability. In this work, a new melt electrostatic precipitator was developed and tested to convert submicron particles into a solid dispersion in order to increase the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The submicron particles were generated by spray drying and transferred to the ESP, where the collection electrode is covered with a melt, which served as matrix after solidification. The newly developed melt electrostatic precipitator was able to collect isolated naproxen particles in a molten carrier. A solid naproxen xylitol dispersion was prepared, which showed a reduction of the dissolution time by 82%, and a release of 80% of the total drug, compared to the physical mixture.

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39

Palani, Saravanan, Anbuselvi Mathivanan, Gokul H, and Akshay Kumar. "Low Cost and Compact Electrostatic Precipitator Model Controlled by Smoke Detector." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1100, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1100/1/012029.

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Abstract An Electro Static Precipitator is a filtration device that removes airborne particles like dust and ash from polluted air using principles of induced electric charges. While electrostatic precipitators are used in all major large scale industries, their use in small scale industries is limited. This is largely because small-scale manufacturers have the lack of awareness and the unavailability of equipment for pollution control in small scale industrial standards. This paper is intended to design and construct a scaled down and economized Electrostatic Precipitator which is controlled by a smoke detector circuit. This can be installed and utilized in small scale industries as an air pollution control unit. Design procedures of a scaled down precipitator chamber with a high voltage power supply and smoke detector circuit are presented in this article. These procedures are well illustrated in a stepwise manner and contain several statistical data and expressions required for the construction of the devices. A comparison of various topologies of various units of ESPs is made and the most appropriate selection for the scaled down model is proposed.

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Lee, Jun-Bok, Ki-Hyun Kim, Heung-Joo Kim, Seog-Ju Cho, Kweon Jung, and Shin-Do Kim. "Emission Rate of Particulate Matter and Its Removal Efficiency by Precipitators in Under-Fired Charbroiling Restaurants." Scientific World JOURNAL 11 (2011): 1077–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2011.103.

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In order to explore the potent role of meat cooking processes as the emission sources of particulate matter (PM), emission rates and the associated removal efficiency by precipitators were estimated based on the on-site measurements made at five under-fired charbroiling (UFC) restaurants. The emission patterns of PM for these five restaurants were compared after having been sorted into the main meat types used for cooking: beef (B), chicken (C), intestines (I), and pork (P: two sites). The mass concentrations (μg m-3) of three PM fractions (PM2.5/PM10/TSP) measured from these restaurants were 15,510/15,701/17,175 (C); 8,525/10,760/12,676 (B); 11,027/13,249/13,488 (P); and 22,409/22,412/22,414 (I). Emission factors (g kg-1) for those PM fractions were also estimated as 3.23/4.08/4.80 (B), 3.07/3.82/3.87 (P), 8.12/8.22/8.99 (C), and 6.59/6.59/6.59 (I). If the annual emission rate of PM10is extrapolated by combining its emission factor, population, activity factor, etc., it is estimated as 500 ton year-1, which corresponds to 2.4% of the PM10budget in Seoul, Korea. Removal efficiencies of PM10via precipitators, such as an electrostatic precipitator (ESP), bag filter (BF), and the combination system (ESP + catalyst), installed in those UFC restaurants ranged between 54.76 and 98.98%. The removal efficiency of PM by this control system was the least effective for particles with <0.4 μm, although those in the range of 0.4–10 μm were the most effective.

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Shepelev, Igor, Evgeny Zhukov, Elena Eskova, Nikolai Golovnykh, Evgeny Kiryushin, and Olga Pilyaeva. "Application of calcium-containing technogenic materials of alumina production as ameliorants." АгроЭкоИнфо 2, no. 50 (April 9, 2022): 19–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202122219.

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For utilization of sintering furnace gas purification facilities dust, in addition to the closed dust-turnover scheme, it is proposed to partially withdraw it from the electrostatic precipitators and direct it for use in agriculture. The fields of electrostatic precipitators of alumina production furnaces contain various chemical compounds, therefore it is advisable to use the dust, selected from 1-3 fields of electrostatic precipitators of sintering furnaces, containing more than 30% calcium oxide, as fine powder as ameliorant for deoxidation of soils. The positive influence of introducing wastes of gas-cleaning facilities of sintering furnaces into acidic soil on the increase of morphometric indicators of plant development, germination energy, germination rate, mass of sprouts of test cultures (garden cress and soft spring wheat) has been shown. Experimental studies have shown that plants that were grown in the soil with the addition of this dust have a more developed root system and stronger shoots. Keywords: ECOLOGY, SPECKING STOVES, ELECTROPHILTER DUST, AGRICULTURE, MELIORANT, ACIDIC SOILS

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42

Adamiec-Wójcik, I., J. Awrejcewicz, A. Nowak, and S. Wojciech. "Vibration Analysis of Collecting Electrodes by means of the Hybrid Finite Element Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/832918.

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The paper presents a hybrid finite element method of shell modeling in order to model collecting electrodes of electrostatic precipitators. The method uses the finite element method to reflect elastic features and the rigid finite element method in order to model mass features of the body. A model of dust removal systems of an electrostatic precipitator is presented. The system consists of two beams which are modeled by means of the rigid finite element method and a system of collecting shells modeled by means of the hybrid finite element method. The paper discusses both the procedure of deriving the equations of motion and the results of numerical simulations carried out in order to analyze vibrations of the whole system. Experimental verification of the model is also presented.

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43

Viner, A. S., P. A. Lawless, D. S. Ensor, and L. E. Sparks. "Ozone generation in DC-energized electrostatic precipitators." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 28, no. 3 (1992): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.137427.

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44

Bayless, David J., Hajrudin Pasic, M. Khairul Alam, Liming Shi, Brian Haynes, Joe Cochran, and Wajahat Khan. "Use of Membrane Collectors in Electrostatic Precipitators." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 51, no. 10 (October 2001): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2001.10464372.

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45

Alotto, Piergiorgio, and Lorenzo Codecasa. "Corona Discharge Simulation of Multiconductor Electrostatic Precipitators." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 52, no. 3 (March 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2015.2480155.

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Guo, Bao-Yu, Ding Yang, Yin-Biao Su, and A. B. Yu. "Process modelling of low temperature electrostatic precipitators." Powder Technology 314 (June 2017): 567–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.09.071.

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47

FUJITA, Goro, Kazuko OKAMURA, and Ritsu KOSUGE. "Situational Precipitators of Hit-and-Run Accident." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 75 (September 15, 2011): 3EV079. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.75.0_3ev079.

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48

Liang, Wen-Jey. "The particle collection efficiency of electrostatic precipitators." Journal of Aerosol Science 26, no. 1 (January 1995): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(95)90030-6.

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49

Iváncsy, Tamás, and Jeno˝ Miklós Suda. "Behavior of polydisperse dust in electrostatic precipitators." Journal of Electrostatics 63, no. 6-10 (June 2005): 923–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2005.03.062.

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50

DuBard, J. L., and G. B. Nichols. "Diagnosis of electrical operation of electrostatic precipitators." Journal of Electrostatics 25, no. 1 (June 1990): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3886(90)90038-w.

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