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Singh, Harjit, Rajiv Kumar Garg, and Anish Sachdeva. "Framework to precede collaboration in supply chain." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 8 (November 29, 2018): 2635–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-04-2017-0061.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to help supply chain (SC) decision makers successfully penetrate through SC collaboration and strengthen their SC in the global market by understanding collaborative activities, and understand how these activities are related to each other in the SC.Design/methodology/approachThis paper develops a set of collaborative activities from literature, and the developed model is helpful for SC decision makers to monitor their SC activities and take corrective actions to improve collaboration in their SC by using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis.FindingsThis study reveals that collaborative activities increase the value of whole SC. The various activities are modeled on the basis of “an activity influencing other activities” and “an activity influenced by other activities,” which is useful for SC managers to take a decision.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study is literature based; therefore, there would be need of more explanation of the activities which lead to understand and implement SC collaboration in case of service and manufacturing industry.Practical implicationsThe model of this study is helpful for decision makers to implement supply chain collaboration (SCC) and to understand various SCC activities on the basis of their driving and dependence power.Originality/valueThis research provided insight into skills needed for SC decision makers to implement collaboration in the SC using ISM. The results of the study could be adopted to monitor the existing SCC program or design new collaboration program to meet the global market requirements. To the best of knowledge, there is no reference that discusses SC collaborative activities on the basis of their driving and dependence powers.
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Ribeiro Junior, Luiz Antonio, and Wiliam Ferreira da Cunha. "Nonadiabatic dynamics of injected holes in conjugated polymers." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 15 (2017): 10000–10008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp00729a.
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The dynamics of injected holes in short transient times that precede polaron formation is numerically studied in the framework of a tight-binding electron–phonon interacting approach aimed at describing organic one-dimensional lattices.
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Males, Jonathan R., and John H. Kerr. "Stress, Emotion, and Performance in Elite Slalom Canoeists." Sport Psychologist 10, no. 1 (March 1996): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.10.1.17.
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This paper examines the relationship between precompetitive affect and performance, using elements of reversal theory (Apter, 1982): a conceptual framework that incorporates a full range of pleasant and unpleasant moods. Nine elite male slalom canoeists completed questionnaires prior to each event of a season that included the world championships. Results were analyzed using a time-series model to make comparisons of each subject’s best and worst performance of the season. Predicted variations in precompetitive levels of pleasant and unpleasant mood did not occur, despite variations in subsequent performances. As predicted, good performances were preceded by low discrepancies between felt and preferred arousal levels, but there was no support for the hypothesis that a large discrepancy between perceived stress and coping efforts would precede a poor performance.
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Taylor, S., A. Cairns, and B. Glass. "Application of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model for the development of a community pharmacy ear health intervention for rural populations." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 29, Supplement_1 (March 26, 2021): i14—i15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riab016.018.
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Abstract Introduction The World Health Organisation has identified ear disease to be a major public health problem in rural and remote communities, with access to services an identified barrier. (1) Rural community pharmacists are recognised as highly skilled, accessible and trusted health professionals. An innovative service “LISTEN UP” (Locally Integrated Screening and Testing Ear aNd aUral Program) has been implemented in two remote community pharmacies in Australia. The service involves patients with an ear complaint self-presenting to a participating pharmacy and receiving a clinical examination by a pharmacist, who has completed accredited training in ear health, otoscopy and tympanometry. “LISTEN UP” has been developed using the PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model.(2) The PRECEDE component of the model assesses social, epidemiological, behavioural, environmental, educational and ecological factors to inform the development of an intervention.(2) The PROCEED-component consists of pilot testing and evaluation. Aim To describe an ecological approach to health promotion via the application of the PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model to develop a rural community pharmacy-based ear health intervention. Methods PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis) provided a framework to plan and develop a locally relevant and community focused program. This included research and engagement via meetings, surveys and interviews of consumers, pharmacists, health professionals and stakeholders. PROCEED (Policy, Regulatory, and Organisational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development) outlined the structure for implementing and evaluating the intervention that was developed in the PRECEDE process. A pilot study has been included in PROCEED segment to allow improvement before implementing and evaluating the final model. Data will be collected in the pilot study via semi-structured interviews and surveys. This will be analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of qualitative data. Results As part of the PRECEDE segment a social assessment was undertaken via mixed method studies of rural consumers, pharmacists and health professionals. Hearing testing was ranked as the seventh (from twenty-six) most important expanded pharmacy service by both consumer and health professional groups. An epidemiological assessment found extensive ear disease in rural and remote locations resulting in complications and hearing loss. Behavioural and environment assessments identified eleven ear health interventions which include hearing screening [3], otoscopy pilot studies [2], audiometry services [1], specific education for undergraduate pharmacy students [2] and a pharmacy-based clinic [3]. However none of the interventions described a framework for continued service provision. Policy and regulation assessment was undertaken to align the intervention within the regulatory framework. The application of this model is partially complete with the study protocol for the intervention developed and the initial pilot study in progress. This study’s strengths include its applicability to rural populations and the limited evidence base that currently exists. It is however limited by the small size of the pilot study and application of this model to a national intervention would be useful for future. Conclusions The application of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model demonstrates the applicability of this planning model for developing and evaluating an ear health intervention with a particular focus on community pharmacies in rural and remote locations. References 1. World Health Organisation. Deafness and hearing loss; 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/hearing-loss#tab=tab_1 [Accessed: 15/9/2020] 2. Binkley CJ, Johnson KW. Application of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Planning Model in Designing an Oral Health Strategy. J Theory Pract Dent Public Health. 2013;1(3):http://www.sharmilachatterjee.com/ojs-2.3.8/index.php/JTPDPH/article/view/89
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Marchand, Calena, Farshad Farshidfar, Jodi Rattner, and Oliver Bathe. "A Framework for Development of Useful Metabolomic Biomarkers and Their Effective Knowledge Translation." Metabolites 8, no. 4 (September 30, 2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo8040059.
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Despite the significant advantages of metabolomic biomarkers, no diagnostic tests based on metabolomics have been introduced to clinical use. There are many reasons for this, centered around substantial obstacles in developing clinically useful metabolomic biomarkers. Most significant is the need for interdisciplinary teams with expertise in metabolomics, analysis of complex clinical and metabolomic data, and clinical care. Importantly, the clinical need must precede biomarker discovery, and the experimental design for discovery and validation must reflect the purpose of the biomarker. Standard operating procedures for procuring and handling samples must be developed from the beginning, to ensure experimental integrity. Assay design is another challenge, as there is not much precedent informing this. Another obstacle is that it is not yet clear how to protect any intellectual property related to metabolomic biomarkers. Viewing a metabolomic biomarker as a natural phenomenon would inhibit patent protection and potentially stifle commercial interest. However, demonstrating that a metabolomic biomarker is actually a derivative of a natural phenomenon that requires innovation would enhance investment in this field. Finally, effective knowledge translation strategies must be implemented, which will require engagement with end users (clinicians and lab physicians), patient advocate groups, policy makers, and payer organizations. Addressing each of these issues comprises the framework for introducing a metabolomic biomarker to practice.
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Quick, V., and C. Byrd-Bredbenner. "Behavioral Factors Affecting Young Adults' Health and Body Weight: A PRECEDE-PROCEED Framework Approach." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 110, no. 9 (September 2010): A76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.288.
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Armstrong, Leisa J., Dean A. Diepeveen, and Khumphicha Tantisantisom. "An eAgriculture-Based Decision Support Framework for Information Dissemination." International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcitp.2010100101.
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The ability of farmers to acquire knowledge to make decisions is limited by the information quality and applicability. Inconsistencies in information delivery and standards for the integration of information also limit decision making processes. This research uses a similar approach to the Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) methodology to develop an ICT based framework which can be used to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge for farmers’ decision making processes. This is one of the leading areas of research and development for information technology in an agricultural industry, which is yet to utilize such technologies fully. The Farmer Knowledge and Decision Support Framework (FKDSF) takes information provided to farmers and utilizes processes that deliver this critical information for knowledge acquisition. The framework comprises data capture, analysis, and data processing, which precede the delivery of the integrated information for the farmer. With information collected, captured, and validated from disparate sources, according to defined sets of rules, data mining tools are then used to process and integrate the data into a format that contributes to the knowledge base used by the farmer and the agricultural industry.
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Onken, Lisa. "PRECEDE-PROCEED and the NIDA stage model: the value of a conceptual framework for intervention research." Journal of Public Health Dentistry 71 (January 2011): S18—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00221.x.
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Gallani, Maria Cecília Bueno Jayme, Marilia Estevam Cornélio, Rúbia de Freitas Agondi, and Roberta Cunha Matheus Rodrigues. "Conceptual framework for research and clinical practice concerning cardiovascular health-related behaviors." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, spe (February 2013): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000700026.
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OBJECTIVE: To present a conceptual framework based on the PRECEDE model conceived to guide research and the clinical practice of nurses in the clinical follow-up of patients with cardiovascular diseases. METHOD: The conceptual bases as well as the study designs used in the framework are discussed. The contextualization of the proposed structure is presented in the clinical follow-up of hypertensive patients. Examples of the intervention planning steps according to the intervention mapping protocol are provided. RESULTS: This conceptual framework coherently and rationally guided the diagnostic steps related to excessive salt intake among hypertensive individuals, as well as the development and assessment of specific interventions designed to change this eating behavior. CONCLUSION: The use of this conceptual framework enables a greater understanding of health-related behaviors implied in the development and progression of cardiovascular risk factors and is useful in proposing nursing interventions with a greater chance of success. This model is a feasible strategy to improve the cardiovascular health of patients cared for by the Brazilian Unified Health System.
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Meyer, Christian T., Megan P. Jewell, Eugene J. Miller, and Joel M. Kralj. "Machine Learning Establishes Single-Cell Calcium Dynamics as an Early Indicator of Antibiotic Response." Microorganisms 9, no. 5 (May 5, 2021): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051000.
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Changes in bacterial physiology necessarily precede cell death in response to antibiotics. Herein we investigate the early disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis as a marker for antibiotic response. Using a machine learning framework, we quantify the temporal information encoded in single-cell Ca2+ dynamics. We find Ca2+ dynamics distinguish kanamycin sensitive and resistant cells before changes in gross cell phenotypes such as cell growth or protein stability. The onset time (pharmacokinetics) and probability (pharmacodynamics) of these aberrant Ca2+ dynamics are dose and time-dependent, even at the resolution of single-cells. Of the compounds profiled, we find Ca2+ dynamics are also an indicator of Polymyxin B activity. In Polymyxin B treated cells, we find aberrant Ca2+ dynamics precedes the entry of propidium iodide marking membrane permeabilization. Additionally, we find modifying membrane voltage and external Ca2+ concentration alters the time between these aberrant dynamics and membrane breakdown suggesting a previously unappreciated role of Ca2+ in the membrane destabilization during Polymyxin B treatment. In conclusion, leveraging live, single-cell, Ca2+ imaging coupled with machine learning, we have demonstrated the discriminative capacity of Ca2+ dynamics in identifying antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Buscher, Konrad, Barbara Heitplatz, Veerle van Marck, Jian Song, Sophie Loismann, Rebecca Rixen, Birte Hüchtmann, et al. "Data-Driven Kidney Transplant Phenotyping as a Histology-Independent Framework for Biomarker Discovery." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 32, no. 8 (June 2, 2021): 1933–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.2020121685.
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BackgroundIn transplant medicine, clinical decision making largely relies on histology of biopsy specimens. However, histology suffers from low specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility, leading to suboptimal stratification of patients. We developed a histology-independent immune framework of kidney graft homeostasis and rejection.MethodsWe applied tailored RNA deconvolution for leukocyte enumeration and coregulated gene network analysis to published bulk human kidney transplant RNA transcriptomes as input for unsupervised, high-dimensional phenotype clustering. We used framework-based graft survival analysis to identify a biomarker that was subsequently characterized in independent transplant biopsy specimens.ResultsWe found seven immune phenotypes that confirm known rejection types and uncovered novel signatures. The molecular phenotypes allow for improved graft survival analysis compared with histology, and identify a high-risk group in nonrejecting transplants. Two fibrosis-related phenotypes with distinct immune features emerged with reduced graft survival. We identified lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2)–expressing peritubular CD68+ macrophages as a framework-derived biomarker of impaired allograft function. These cells precede graft fibrosis, as demonstrated in longitudinal biopsy specimens, and may be clinically useful as a biomarker for early fibrogenesis.ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive, data-driven atlas of human kidney transplant phenotypes and demonstrates its utility to identify novel clinical biomarkers.
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Coates, Michael I. "The origin of vertebrate limbs." Development 1994, Supplement (January 1, 1994): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.1994.supplement.169.
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The earliest tetrapod limbs are polydactylous, morphologically varied and do not conform to an archetypal pattern. These discoveries, combined with the unravelling of limb developmental morphogenetic and regulatory mechanisms, have prompted a re-examination of vertebrate limb evolution. The rich fossil record of vertebrate fins/limbs, although restricted to skeletal tissues, exceeds the morphological diversity of the extant biota, and a systematic approach to limb evolution produces an informative picture of evolutionary change. A composite framework of several phylogenetic hypotheses is presented incorporating living and fossil taxa, including the first report of an acanthodian metapterygium and a new reconstruction of the axial skeleton and caudal fin of Acanthostega gunnari. Although significant nodes in vertebrate phylogeny remain poorly resolved, clear patterns of morphogenetic evolution emerge: median fin origination and elaboration initially precedes that of paired fins; pectoral fins initially precede pelvic fin development; evolving patterns of fin distribution, skeletal tissue diversity and structural complexity become decoupled with increased taxonomic divergence. Transformational sequences apparent from the fish-tetrapod transition are reiterated among extant lungfishes, indicating further directions for comparative experimental research. The evolutionary diversification of vertebrate fin and limb patterns challenges a simple linkage between Hox gene conservation, expression and morphology. A phylogenetic framework is necessary in order to distinguish shared from derived characters in experimental model regulatory systems. Hox and related genomic evolution may include convergent patterns underlying functional and morphological diversification. Brachydanio is suggested as an example where tail-driven patterning demands may have converged with the regulation of highly differentiated limbs in tetrapods.
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Cannick, Gabrielle F., Alice M. Horowitz, David R. Garr, Susan G. Reed, Brad W. Neville, Terry A. Day, Robert F. Woolson, and Daniel T. Lackland. "Oral cancer prevention and early detection: Using the PRECEDE-PROCEED Framework to guide the training of health professional students." Journal of Cancer Education 22, no. 4 (December 2007): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03174125.
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Taylor, Leslie. "Development of a Multi-Factorial Fall Prevention Program (UpRIGHT!) Based on the Theoretical Framework of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 102, no. 4 (April 2021): e9-e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2021.01.031.
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Lam, Winsome, Angela Dawson, and Cathrine Fowler. "Approaches to better engage parent–child in health home-visiting programmes." Journal of Child Health Care 21, no. 1 (July 25, 2016): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367493516653260.
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Home visiting is an evidence-based strategy used to enhance child and family health outcomes. Such primary healthcare endeavours demand the full participation of individual and families. We conducted a review to identify approaches to planning, executing and assessing home-visiting health promotion interventions to determine how parents and children can be best engaged. A structured search (2000–2015) was undertaken using a defined search protocol. The quality of the papers was assessed using standard appraisal tools. Sixteen studies were retrieved. A content analysis of the findings sections of the papers was undertaken and guided by the eight phases of the PRECEDE-PROCEED health promotion planning framework. The analysis found that while all the PRECEDE assessment areas were represented no studies included all phases. Parents and children did not appear to be actively involved in undertaking the assessments and evaluation of the home-visiting health promotion programmes. The findings suggest that there is a need to develop a consistent home-visiting approach that includes comprehensive assessments in the planning phases and parent and child involvement at each step of programme development, implementation and evaluation. This approach enables the development of tailored and sustainable health promotion intervention in order to achieve optimal child health outcomes.
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ESFARJANI, FATEMEH, HEDAYAT HOSSEINI, FATEMEH MOHAMMADI-NASRABADI, ALIREZA ABADI, ROSHANAK ROUSTAEE, HALEH ALIKHANIAN, MARJAN KHALAFI, MOHAMMAD FARHAD KIAEE, and RAMIN KHAKSAR. "Development of a Home Food Safety Questionnaire Based on the PRECEDE Model: Targeting Iranian Women." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 2128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-029.
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ABSTRACT Food safety is an essential public health issue for all countries. This study was the first attempt to design and develop a home food safety questionnaire (HFSQ), in the conceptual framework of the PRECEDE (predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling constructs in educational diagnosis and evaluation) model, and to assess its validity and reliability. The HFSQ was developed by reviewing electronic databases and 12 focus group discussions with 96 women volunteers. Ten panel members reviewed the questionnaire, and the content validity ratio and content validity index were computed. Twenty women completed the HFSQ, and face validity was assessed. Women who were responsible for food handling in their households (n =320) were selected randomly from 10 health centers and completed the HFSQ based on the PRECEDE model. To examine the construct validity, a principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation was used. Internal consistency was determined with Cronbach's α. Reproducibility was checked by Kendall's τ after 4 weeks with 30 women. The developed HSFQ was considered acceptable with a content validity index of 0.88. Face validity revealed that 95% of the participants understood the questions and found them easy to answer, and 90% confirmed the appearance of the HFSQ and declared the layout acceptable. Principal component factor analysis revealed that the HFSQ could explain 33.7, 55.3, 34.8, and 60.0% of the total variance of the predisposing, reinforcing, practice, and enabling components, respectively. Cronbach's α was acceptable at 0.73. For Kendall's τc, r = 0.89, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.85 to 0.93. The HFSQ developed based on the PRECEDE model met the standards of acceptable reliability and validity, which can be generalized to a wider population. These results can provide information for the development of effective communication strategies to promote home food safety.
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Arana, José M., M. Angeles Mayor, Begoña Zubiauz, and David L. Palenzuela. "The Adaptation of Three Subjects from the First Year of Psychology Studies of the University of Salamanca (Spain) for Teaching Within the Framework of the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS)." European Psychologist 10, no. 2 (January 2005): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.10.2.160.
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Abstract. We report a pilot program set up at the School of Psychology of the University of Salamanca (Spain) as a step to precede adapting three subjects to the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). After reviewing the relevant literature, we contacted via e-mail 30 schools of psychology in 13 countries with which we exchange students through the Erasmus-Socrates Program in order to learn of their experiences. With the same goal in mind, we held meetings with representatives from two Spanish universities responsible for the issue of European convergence. We also interviewed a senior agent from the Ministry of Education to learn about the initiatives being made and the main lines of action foreseen for the future. Owing to its practical nature, the experience of the University of Barcelona was used as a model. Using a questionnaire, among other variables we assessed the workload estimated by students in each subject. The questionnaire was completed by 246 students. The results show that the questionnaire is of use for educators to check their level of demand (to what extent the hours spent by students on each subject match the time they actually should be spending on such work) and to determine which parts of the syllabus require more preparation time, or are more complex, or are the most useful. The feedback is also good for the students. This evaluation is a step that would precede introducing changes in the syllabus and activating other teaching resources designed to ensure passage of the application of the ECTS in Spain.
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Böckler, Anne, Gamze Alpay, and Birgit Stürmer. "Accessory Stimuli Affect the Emergence of Conflict, Not Conflict Control." Experimental Psychology 58, no. 2 (November 1, 2011): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000073.
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Accessory signals that precede stimuli in interference tasks lead to faster overall responses while conflict increases. Two opposing accounts exist for the latter finding: one is based on dual-route frameworks of response preparation and proposes amplification of both direct response activation and indirect response selection processes; the other refers to attentional networks and suggests inhibition of executive attention, thereby hampering conflict control. The present study replicated previous behavioral findings in a Simon task and extended them by electrophysiological evidence. Accessory tones facilitated stimulus classification and attentional allocation in the Simon task as reflected by an increased N1 amplitude and an overall decrease of the N2 amplitude, respectively. The conflict-related N2 amplitude, which is larger in conflict trials compared with nonconflict trials, was not modulated by accessory tones. Moreover, accessory tones did not affect sequence-dependent conflict adaptation. In terms of a dual-route framework present results suggest amplification of both response preparation routes by accessory stimuli. An executive attention approach proposing accessory stimuli to hamper control of conflict is not supported.
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Sabzmakan, Leila, Tahereh Kamalikhah, Mosharafeh Chaleshgar Kordasiabi, and Mojgan Nourian. "Associated Factors with Dietary Adherence among People with Cardiovascular Metabolic Risk Factors based on PRECEDE Framework: a Mixed-Method Study." Journal of Education and Community Health 8, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/jech.8.2.97.
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Ma, James, Daniel Zeng, Huimin Zhao, and Chunyang Liu. "Cross-Correlation Measure for Mining Spatio-Temporal Patterns." Journal of Database Management 24, no. 2 (April 2013): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2013040102.
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Spatio-temporal data mining is finding applications in many domains, such as public health, public safety, financial fraud detection, transportation, and product lifecycle management. Correlation analysis is an important spatio-temporal mining technique for unveiling spatial and temporal relationships among multiple event types. This paper presents a new measure for assessing and analyzing spatio-temporal cross-correlations. This measure extends Ripley’s a widely used measure of spatial correlation, with an additional temporal dimension. Empirical studies using real-world data show that the new measure can lead to a more discriminating and flexible spatio-temporal data analysis framework. In contrast with its predecessor, this measure also allows the discovery of leading (and potentially causal) event types whose occurrences precede those of other event types. Findings from analyses employing this measure may bear important managerial implications.
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Abad, Sadegh Mohammadi Bolban, Batool Alinezhad, and Vali Rezai. "The Prosodization of Weak Function Words in Kurdish Language (Leilakhi Dialect)." International Journal of Linguistics 7, no. 4 (September 7, 2015): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v7i4.8065.
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<p>This paper investigates the prosodic structure of simple prepositions and dependent personal pronouns as weak function words in Leilakhi Dialect with the theoretical framework of Prosodic Phonology or Phonology of Domains. Weak function words (fnc) of this dialect are proclitics or enclitics that form Clitic Group (CG) with their host. One such feature of these elements is their combinatorial restriction with their host, <em>i.e. </em>simple prepositions as prosodic proclitics must precede a noun phrase or independent personal pronoun and absolute prepositions as phonological words join the dependent personal pronouns in the role of enclitics which give form to the clitic group. The phonetic process and phonological process used in this research are aspiration and stress assignment pattern respectively. </p>
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Fernandez, Maria E., Richard C. Palmer, and Cindy A. Leong-Wu. "Repeat Mammography Screening among Low-Income and Minority Women: A Qualitative Study." Cancer Control 12, no. 4_suppl (November 2005): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073274805012004s11.
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Regular mammography screening can reduce breast cancer mortality, yet low-income African American and Hispanic women underutilize mammography screening and are often diagnosed at a later stage, resulting in increased mortality. We used qualitative research methods to identify factors influencing regular breast cancer screening among African American and Hispanic women. Predisposing factors (including fear of mastectomy and lack of knowledge), enabling factors (including cost and social support) and a reinforcing factor were identified and categorized utilizing the PRECEDE framework. The study identified factors associated with the decision to complete regular mammography screening, and examined differences between African American and Hispanic women who participated in the interviews. Future research should seek to better understand the influence of family/friends, risk perception, and fatalistic beliefs on the decision to obtain regular mammograms.
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Wong, Mee Lian, Roy Chan, David Koh, and Christina Misa Wong. "Theory and Action for Effective Condom Promotion: Illustrations from a Behavior Intervention Project for Sex Workers in Singapore." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 15, no. 4 (January 1995): 405–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/c8a0-vnch-mneb-h6av.
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Acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) control programs targeted at sex workers have focused on condom use. Reasons for non-condom use among female brothel-based sex workers in Singapore were found to be low self-efficacy, lack of condom negotiation skills, and barriers such as fear of annoying clients. Green's PRECEDE framework and Bandura's self-efficacy theory were applied to develop a project aimed at equipping sex workers with negotiation skills, overcoming barriers to condom use, and gathering support from brothel keepers and peers. The experimental group showed significant improvements in negotiation skills and outcome behavior of always refusing sex without a condom, that were supported by a decline in gonorrhea incidence. This article describes the application of behavior change and health education theories to achieve reduction in gonorrhea risk.
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Cabral, Ana Beatriz Paes Barretto, Marcelo Roberto Ventura Dias de Mattos Bezerra, and Jean Marcel de Faria Novo. "Controls at the starting point for preventing accidents in the road transport of dangerous products / Controles no ponto de partida para prevenção de acidentes no transporte rodoviário de produtos perigosos." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 35560–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n4-154.
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This article discusses activities related to the prevention of road accidents with dangerous products that precede trips by tank truck drivers. The Brazilian normative framework (laws, decrees, and norms), the Haddon Matrix as a systemic prevention model, and the premises of the Olho Vivo nas Estradas Program of the Brazilian Chemical Industry Association constitute the conceptual bases of the research. The empirical approach consists of semi-structured interviews with drivers of a fuel distributor who travel along the BR-116. The results indicate that the company has training practices and disclosure of recent accidents. The workgroup dominates the normative knowledge and preventive procedures, being the main concern of the interviewees with the carelessness practiced by drivers who travel the roads in all types of vehicles (trucks, automobiles, motorcycles).
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Dabbagh, Leila, Lawrence W. Green, and George M. Walker. "Case Study: Application of Precede and Proceed as a Framework for Designing Culturally Sensitive Diarrhea Prevention Programs and Policy in Arab Countries." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 12, no. 4 (January 1, 1991): 293–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gek1-ue2b-hwq8-3cjb.
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Mendez, Hugo. "The Origin of the Post-Nativity Commemorations." Vigiliae Christianae 68, no. 3 (July 2, 2014): 290–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700720-12341169.
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On a number of fourth and fifth century calendars, a block of feasts commemorating Stephen, James, John, Peter, and Paul immediately follows 25 December. Contemporary studies have lost sight of the rationale for its position. This paper defends a proposal of Hans Lietzmann and suggests that the community that created the block recognized Christmas as the starting point of the sanctoral cycle. This community elected to place the memorials of Christianity’s earliest confessors at the head of this annual order, symbolizing their historical priority over other martyrs. Stephen occupied the first of these dates precisely so his commemoration could precede that of every other confessor on the calendar, a position that illustrates the intensity of his cult in the late fourth-fifth centuries. The study proceeds to develop this insight into a framework capable of explaining similar commemorations on other early Christian calendars.
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Carranza, Ariel Vázquez. "If vegetables could talk …: A structural and sequential analysis of buying and selling interactions in a Mexican fruit and vegetable shop." Discourse Studies 19, no. 6 (September 8, 2017): 711–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445617727185.
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The present investigation studies buying and selling encounters in a Mexican fruit and vegetable shop. It is a conversation-analytic study that shows aspects of the institutional character of these interactions, their overall organisation and sequential structure. It suggests that the core sequential structure of these encounters consists of two base adjacency pairs, buying (requesting–giving a product) and selling (requesting–giving money). In particular, the analysis describes the preparatory characteristics of the pre-expansions that precede the product request formulations, the linguistic composition and sequential positioning of request formulations, the insertions of the buying adjacency pair and the sequencing of the commercial exchange which is described as the climax of the institutional event. The designs of the first pair part of the selling adjacency pair and the product request formulations are presented as clear instances of the referential framework or common ground shared by seller and customer.
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Buta, Brian, LaPrincess Brewer, Deneen L. Hamlin, Michael W. Palmer, Janice Bowie, and Andrea Gielen. "An Innovative Faith-Based Healthy Eating Program." Health Promotion Practice 12, no. 6 (June 21, 2011): 867–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839910370424.
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The Fostering African American Improvement in Total Health! (FAITH!) Nutrition Education Program is a theory-based, multicomponent health intervention developed and operated in partnership with an East Baltimore church. The program aims to improve eating habits, as well as knowledge and beliefs about healthy eating, among African American adults in order to prevent diseases related to dietary choices. This article addresses the development, design, and formative research that informed the FAITH! program. The main program components are also discussed. Program design used a framework for strategic intervention planning (PRECEDE-PROCEED), and health education theories informed the evaluation process. Formative research was conducted to incorporate the needs and assets of the priority population. The main program components are culturally tailored educational materials, lectures and discussions on diet and related diseases, video presentations on healthy eating, healthy cooking demonstrations/food samples, evaluation, and a church-run healthy food pantry.
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Kleimaker, Maximilian, Alexander Kleimaker, Christian Beste, Soyoung Q. Park, and Alexander Maximilian Münchau. "Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome." Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1016-264x/a000274.
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Abstract. Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a common, multifaceted neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. Although numerous neuroanatomical and neurophysiological particularities have been documented, there is no general concept or overarching theory to explain the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome. Given the premonitory urges that precede tics and the altered sensorimotor processing in Tourette syndrome, the “Theory of Event Coding” (TEC) seems to be an attractive framework. TEC assumes that perceptions and actions are bound together and encoded using the same neural code to form so-called “event files.” Depending on the strength of the binding between perception and action, partial repetition of features of an event file can lead to increasing cost because existing event files need to be reconfigured. This is referred to as “partial repetition costs”, which appear to be increased in Tourette patients. This indicates stronger binding within “event files” in Tourette.
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Sergienko, Ya. "On the Financial Mechanism of Long-wave Technological and Economic Changes." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2004): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2004-1-66-73.
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This article analyses basic problems in financing of long-term technological and economic development in a market economy. The author demonstrates that the entire theoretical basis for transition from one wave of technological and economic development to another is now absent. In many investigations long-wave innovations in a financial system are considered as a complimentary mechanism that indirectly influences the economy and adds to already realized technological and economic innovations. The article maintains that innovations in a financial system precede and determine wide commercial success of a new technological and economic paradigm. This conclusion is based on historical and statistical data. The diffusion of new technological and economic principles is accompanied by special institutional change dynamics. The main characteristic of this process is a consequent change of phases: creation and destruction of informal relationships among innovators and their integration into a dominating institutional framework as the next step.
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Plotnik, Meir, Nir Giladi, and Jeffrey M. Hausdorff. "Is Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease a Result of Multiple Gait Impairments? Implications for Treatment." Parkinson's Disease 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/459321.
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Several gait impairments have been associated with freezing of gait (FOG) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). These include deteriorations in rhythm control, gait symmetry, bilateral coordination of gait, dynamic postural control and step scaling. We suggest that these seemingly independent gait features may have mutual interactions which, during certain circumstances, jointly drive the predisposed locomotion system into a FOG episode. This new theoretical framework is illustrated by the evaluation of the potential relationships between the so-called “sequence effect”, that is, impairments in step scaling, and gait asymmetry just prior to FOG. We further discuss what factors influence gait control to maintain functional gait. “Triggers”, for example, such as attention shifts or trajectory transitions, may precede FOG. We propose distinct categories of interventions and describe examples of existing work that support this idea: (a) interventions which aim to maintain a good level of locomotion control especially with respect to aspects related to FOG; (b) those that aim at avoiding FOG “triggers”; and (c) those that merely aim to escape from FOG once it occurs. The proposed theoretical framework sets the stage for testable hypotheses regarding the mechanisms that lead to FOG and may also lead to new treatment ideas.
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Śmieja, Jarosław. "Model Based Analysis of Signaling Pathways." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-008-0013-z.
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Model Based Analysis of Signaling PathwaysThe paper is concerned with application of mathematical modeling to the analysis of signaling pathways. Two issues, deterministic modeling of gene transcription and model-driven discovery of regulatory elements, are dealt with. First, the biological background is given and the importance of the stochastic nature of biological processes is addressed. The assumptions underlying deterministic modeling are presented. Special emphasis is put on describing gene transcription. A framework for including unknown processes activating gene transcription by means of first-order lag elements is introduced and discussed. Then, a particular interferon-β induced pathway is introduced, limited to early events that precede activation of gene transcription. It is shown how to simplify the system description based on the goals of modeling. Further, a computational analysis is presented, facilitating better understanding of the mechanisms underlying regulation of key components in the pathway. The analysis is illustrated by a comparison of simulation and experimental data.
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Dong, XinQi, E.-Shien Chang, Esther Wong, Bernarda Wong, Kimberly A. Skarupski, and Melissa A. Simon. "Assessing the Health Needs of Chinese Older Adults: Findings from a Community-Based Participatory Research Study in Chicago's Chinatown." Journal of Aging Research 2010 (2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/124246.
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The objective of this study is to examine the cultural views of healthy aging, knowledge and barriers to services, and perception of health sciences research among community-dwelling Chinese older adults in Chicago's Chinatown. This qualitative study is guided by the Precede-Proceed conceptual model with community-based participatory research design. Data analysis is based on eight focus group interviews with Chinese older (age60+) adults (n=78). We used a grounded theory framework to systematically guide the thematic structure of our data. Findings show participants described cultural conception of health in terms of physical function, psychological well-being, social support, and cognitive function. The availability, affordability, and cultural barriers towards health care services were major negative enabling factors that inhibit participants from fulfilling health needs. Perception and knowledge of health sciences research were also discussed. This study has implications for the delivery of culturally appropriate health care services to the Chinese aging population.
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MacCulloch, Diarmaid, and Pat Hughes. "A Bailiff's List and Chronicle from Worcester." Antiquaries Journal 75 (September 1995): 235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500073029.
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This is an edition of an important and largely unpublished sixteenth-century chronicle from Worcester. The chronicle forms five folios in a manuscript volume of miscellaneous collections and memoranda completed in the early seventeenth century by John Steynor of Worcester. The volume is among the former episcopal estate papers taken over by the Church Commissioners and then lodged at St Helen's Record Office in Worcester. It is structured as a list of the annually-elected pair of senior and junior bailiffs of the city of Worcester from 1483 to 1578; to this list, annalistic entries have been added, within the framework of the city bailiffs' year of office from September to September. In its present form the chronicle is a copy of the early seventeenth century, all in the same hand. The section of the book which contains the chronicle is numbered from fol. 151, although only thirty-seven folios precede this section in its present format.
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Tseng, Yu-Ching. "An Optimality Theoretic Description on the Characteristics of Postpositions in Mandarin Chinese." SAGE Open 10, no. 3 (July 2020): 215824402095872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020958729.
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In this paper, we adopt optimality theory to describe some important properties of postpositions. First, they follow the complement in their own projections. Second, they select either an NP or a PrepP as the complement, but they do not select another PostP as the complement to avoid the adjacency of two postpositions. Third, when occurring in a VP, they precede the head verb if they are complements of verbs and follow the verb if they are adjuncts. Fourth, the insertion of de between a postposition and its complement is prohibited. Fifth, postpositional stranding is disallowed. As will be shown in this paper, by using OT as the theoretical framework, we establish a theoretical model that is able to account for the syntactic properties, configurations, and restrictions involving the category of postpositions. Finally, this paper provided a brief cross-linguistic generalization of syntactic properties related to postposition between Mandarin Chinese and English from the perspective of OT.
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Gatlin, Patrick N., and Steven J. Goodman. "A Total Lightning Trending Algorithm to Identify Severe Thunderstorms." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jtecha1286.1.
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Abstract An algorithm that provides an early indication of impending severe weather from observed trends in thunderstorm total lightning flash rates has been developed. The algorithm framework has been tested on 20 thunderstorms, including 1 nonsevere storm, which occurred over the course of six separate days during the spring months of 2002 and 2003. The identified surges in lightning rate (or jumps) are compared against 110 documented severe weather events produced by these thunderstorms as they moved across portions of northern Alabama and southern Tennessee. Lightning jumps precede 90% of these severe weather events, with as much as a 27-min advance notification of impending severe weather on the ground. However, 37% of lightning jumps are not followed by severe weather reports. Various configurations of the algorithm are tested, and the highest critical success index attained is 0.49. Results suggest that this lightning jump algorithm may be a useful operational diagnostic tool for severe thunderstorm potential.
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Brawley, Alice M., and Cynthia L. S. Pury. "It's Like Doing a Job Analysis: You Know More About Qualitative Methods Than You May Think." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 9, no. 4 (December 2016): 753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2016.86.
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Through learning about and doing job analysis, industrial–organizational (I-O) psychologists likely already possess skills and knowledge relevant to doing and understanding qualitative research. We'll illustrate this by showing similarities between common job analysis practices and one particular qualitative research approach likely to be relevant to organizational research: grounded theory. Grounded theory was “discovered” in 1967 by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Though Glaser and Strauss later split in their methodologies (an occurrence not unlike the varied approaches to job analysis), the core idea of grounded theory is to develop a new theory of some process or phenomenon from the “ground” up. In the grounded theory approach, researchers typically collect mostly qualitative data—often including interviews (Creswell, 2007)—and simultaneously develop increasingly abstract codes, concepts, and categories from the data. In the final step of analysis, researchers develop a theory that subsumes all categories from the data. If researchers follow the Straussian tradition, categories can be fit into a theoretical framework that details a central phenomenon underlying the process of interest and the conditions that precede it, result from it, and shape the resulting categories (Creswell, 2007). We illustrate this framework in Figure 1. Grounded theory is particularly useful for developing an accurate understanding of many organizational processes and phenomena that I-O psychologists study.
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Oliveira, João, and Martin Quinn. "Interactions of rules and routines: re-thinking rules." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 11, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 503–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-11-2013-0095.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the extant and arguably excessive focus on routines in management accounting research and a relative neglect of rules. It seeks to advance our understanding of how rules and routines may interact in the technology-enabled context of management accounting and control of contemporary organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The authors draw on, and develop, insights from extant literature and from two case studies to explore how rules and routines may interact. Findings – The paper proposes a framework on the interactions of rules and routines across multiple dimensions. The authors adopt a wide notion of rules to include formal rules, rules as internal cognitive structures of human actors and rules technologically embedded in non-human actors. The authors argue that rules underlie and may precede routines, distinguish between repeated practices and routines and explore the role of technology in today’s management accounting practices. Research limitations/implications – This research shows how the process of routinization and, ultimately, institutionalization of practices involves multiple dimensions of rules, as well as both human and non-human actors. With this understanding, researchers and practitioners will be better equipped to, respectively, understand nuances of management accounting change and actually achieve change in practice. Originality/value – This paper highlights the importance of rules in the routinization and institutionalization of management accounting practices and proposes a framework which explores the interactions of rules and routines across three realms: material, action and psychological. Including a material realm, related with technologically embedded rules, in the proposed framework contributes to institutional theory by acknowledging today’s increasing role of technology in organizational life.
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Hakli, Raul, Kaarlo Miller, and Raimo Tuomela. "TWO KINDS OF WE-REASONING." Economics and Philosophy 26, no. 3 (October 12, 2010): 291–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267110000386.
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People sometimes think in terms of ‘we’ referring to a group they belong to. When making decisions, they frame the decision problem as: ‘What should we do?’ instead of ‘What should I do?’. We study one particular approach to such ‘we-reasoning’, economist Michael Bacharach's theory of ‘team reasoning’, and relate it to philosopher Raimo Tuomela's distinction between ‘I-mode’ reasoning and ‘we-mode’ reasoning. We argue that these theories complement each other: Tuomela's philosophical theory provides a conceptual framework augmenting Bacharach's theory, and Bacharach's mathematical results support Tuomela's view on the irreducibility of the we-mode to the I-mode. We-mode reasoning can explain some kinds of human cooperative behaviour left unexplained by standard game theory. Standard game theory is not well-equipped to deal with we-mode reasoning but it can be extended by the methods developed by Bacharach. However, we argue that both standard game theory and Bacharach's theory require more attention to the information-sharing stages that precede actual decision making, and we describe a stage-based model of we-reasoning.
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Simon, Jasper C., and Ulrike Heberlein. "Social hierarchy is established and maintained with distinct acts of aggression in male Drosophilamelanogaster." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 24 (December 2, 2020): jeb232439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.232439.
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ABSTRACTSocial interactions pivot on an animal's experiences, internal states and feedback from others. This complexity drives the need for precise descriptions of behavior to dissect the fine detail of its genetic and neural circuit bases. In laboratory assays, male Drosophila melanogaster reliably exhibit aggression, and its extent is generally measured by scoring lunges, a feature of aggression in which one male quickly thrusts onto his opponent. Here, we introduce an explicit approach to identify both the onset and reversals in hierarchical status between opponents and observe that distinct aggressive acts reproducibly precede, concur or follow the establishment of dominance. We find that lunges are insufficient for establishing dominance. Rather, lunges appear to reflect the dominant state of a male and help in maintaining his social status. Lastly, we characterize the recurring and escalating structure of aggression that emerges through subsequent reversals in dominance. Collectively, this work provides a framework for studying the complexity of agonistic interactions in male flies, enabling its neurogenetic basis to be understood with precision.
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Fomina, М. А. "Experiencer as quasi-agent: «from meaning to the linguistic form»." Issues of applied linguistics 40 (December 30, 2020): 112–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.40.05.
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The paper focuses on the category of semantic subject within the framework of a functional approach to linguistics. The variety of roles subject may have in a sentence accounts for the radially structured category of subject. With the agent subject being the center of the category, other members – Possessor, Experiencer, Neutral, etc. – appear to be scattered within the syntactical category of subject being more central or peripheral. The paper deals with the Experiencer subject. The author stresses the key role of a well-elaborated metalanguage in linguistic analysis and assumes that a thorough analysis of the relevant conceptual category, its structure and content, should precede the stage of developing a metalanguage. The paper 1) differentiates between similar though not interchangeable notions such as semantic subject, grammatical subject, and the bearer of predicative feature, 2) features the peripheral status of the Experiencer within the category of semantic subject, 3) reveals the means of its linguistic representation, 4) makes a structural and semantic analysis of the models with the Experiencer.
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Pérezts, Mar, Jo-Anna Russon, and Mollie Painter. "This Time from Africa: Developing a Relational Approach to Values-Driven Leadership." Journal of Business Ethics 161, no. 4 (November 15, 2019): 731–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04343-0.
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AbstractThe importance of relationality in ethical leadership has been the focus of recent attention in business ethics scholarship. However, this relational component has not been sufficiently theorized from different philosophical perspectives, allowing specific Western philosophical conceptions to dominate the leadership development literature. This paper offers a theoretical analysis of the relational ontology that informs various conceptualizations of selfhood from both African and Western philosophical traditions and unpacks its implications for values-driven leadership. We aim to broaden Western conceptions of leadership development by drawing on twentieth century European philosophy’s insights on relationality, but more importantly, to show how African philosophical traditions precede this literature in its insistence on a relational ontology of the self. To illustrate our theoretical argument, we reflect on an executive education course called values-driven leadership into action, which ran in South Africa, Kenya, and Egypt in 2016, 2017, and 2018. We highlight an African-inspired employment of relationality through its use of the ME-WE-WORLD framework, articulating its theoretical assumptions with embodied experiential learning.
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Fomina, М. А. "Experiencer as quasi-agent: «from meaning to the linguistic form»." Issues of applied linguistics 40 (December 30, 2020): 112–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.40.05.
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The paper focuses on the category of semantic subject within the framework of a functional approach to linguistics. The variety of roles subject may have in a sentence accounts for the radially structured category of subject. With the agent subject being the center of the category, other members – Possessor, Experiencer, Neutral, etc. – appear to be scattered within the syntactical category of subject being more central or peripheral. The paper deals with the Experiencer subject. The author stresses the key role of a well-elaborated metalanguage in linguistic analysis and assumes that a thorough analysis of the relevant conceptual category, its structure and content, should precede the stage of developing a metalanguage. The paper 1) differentiates between similar though not interchangeable notions such as semantic subject, grammatical subject, and the bearer of predicative feature, 2) features the peripheral status of the Experiencer within the category of semantic subject, 3) reveals the means of its linguistic representation, 4) makes a structural and semantic analysis of the models with the Experiencer.
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Roussin, Melanie, John Lowe, Anita Hamilton, and Lisa Martin. "Factors of sexual quality of life in gynaecological cancers: a systematic literature review." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 304, no. 3 (April 13, 2021): 791–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06056-0.
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Abstract Background The impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment on sexual quality of life (SQoL) is a well-established survivorship issue for gynaecological cancer survivors (GCS), yet little is known on how to intervene. Purpose The aim of this systematic review was to identify the factors explaining the variability in SQoL for GCS. Methods We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework and the software Covidence. Electronic databases Scopus, Web of Science, PUBMED and CINAHL were searched for original research on GCS published between 2002 and 2018. We performed a two-stage screening process against selection criteria and quality assessment of individual studies. The Salutogenic Theory and the PRECEDE–PROCEED model were used as theoretical frameworks to identify and categorise factors. Results The initial search yielded 3,505 articles resulting in a total of 46 studies used to examine the association between factors of SQoL and gynaecological cancers. Our findings suggested that SQoL varies across subgroups based on age, menopausal status, relationship status, and treatment modality. Protective factors included clinicians’ knowledge and confidence, preventive medical approach, risk and needs assessment, patient–clinician communication, relationship quality, psychosocial support, symptom management, accessibility of psychosexual care, and self-efficacy in the rediscovery of sexuality. Conclusion Despite the high incidence and long-term impact of sexual health issues on quality of life, supportive care needs are not being met. A better understanding of the evidence base around the factors of SQoL can help health professionals take steps to protect and improve SQoL in GCS.
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Post, Dannielle Kay, Mark Daniel, Gary Misan, and Matthew T. Haren. "A workplace health promotion application of the Precede-Proceed model in a regional and remote mining company in Whyalla, South Australia." International Journal of Workplace Health Management 8, no. 3 (September 14, 2015): 154–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwhm-08-2014-0028.
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Purpose – Workplace health promotion enables the dissemination of health-related information to a large portion of society and provides a vehicle for translating results of efficacy studies to effective lifestyle interventions under less controlled real-world conditions. To achieve effectiveness there needs to be a systematic approach to the design, implementation, and evaluation of workplace health promotion interventions. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a workplace programme in a mining and steel making town in regional South Australia. Design/methodology/approach – The Precede-Proceed model (PPM) was used as a framework to design the development, implementation, and evaluation of the programme. Findings – Quality of life issues and antecedents of modifiable behavioural and environmental factors to be targeted by interventions were identified. Relevant socio-behavioural theories were used to guide intervention development and evaluation. An intervention programme was planned to enable the delivery of educational and skills-development strategies by peers within structured organisational work units. Originality/value – This research utilises the PPM to develop, implement, and evaluate intervention strategies targeting the development of diabetes and cardiometabolic risk in a remotely located workplace population. Novel to this approach is the utilisation of the entire PPM in the research; the multiple baseline, interrupted time series design of the study; and its application in a workplace environment noted for increased health risk factors, within a community at high risk of development of type 2 diabetes.
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Aulich, Jim, and Mary Ikoniadou. "Ghost Stories for Grown-Ups: Pictorial Matters in Times of War and Conflict." Humanities 9, no. 2 (May 22, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9020044.
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This introduction takes as its central armature Karen Barad’s agential realism to provide a framework for understanding the essays brought together in this Special Issue under the rubric of pictures of conflict. The intention is to move the discussion with regard to picture making forward to more fully embrace the pictorial and the physical, the historical and institutional processes within apparatuses of picture-making. The attempt in ‘Ghost stories’ through the concept of a visual apparatus, is to shed new light and thinking on pictures as material objects; how they act and feed into our subjectivities, experiences and realities and to account for their currency, duration, affectivity and authority beyond transparent representation or symbolic meaning. In order to achieve this, Barad’s agential realism is inflected by insights from Malafouris’s (2013) material engagement theory; W.J.T. Mitchell’s (2005) image theory; Jens Eder and Charlotte Klonk’s (2017) image operations; Mondzian’s (2005) understanding of the economy of the image, as well as the ontological concerns of new German art history and image science exemplified in the work of Hans Belting (1996, 2011) and Horst Bredekamp (2017), for example. In this framework, the worlds pictures create, and the subjectivities they produce, are not understood to precede the phenomena they depict. The picture, as the outcome of the apparatus which produces it, makes an ‘observational cut’ that simultaneously excludes and includes certain elements from its frame. As such, it has to be comprehended as party to processes which are both ethical and political. A fact which is particularly important during times of conflict and war.
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Handayani, Samsriyaningsih, Susilowati Andajani, and Lilik Djuari. "Determinants of HIV provider-initiated testing and counseling screening service used by pregnant women in primary health centers in Surabaya." Medical Journal of Indonesia 26, no. 4 (February 14, 2018): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.13181/mji.v26i4.1398.
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Background: Offering free HIV screening service for pregnant women in primary health center in Surabaya has become obligatory since 2014, but only 70% used the service. Prior studies on HIV screening mostly focused on Voluntary Counseling and Testing.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Interviews were conducted with 150 pregnant women attending antenatal care in 1 of 9 public health centers (PHCs) in Surabaya and offered HIV screening within the same PHC. The eligibility criterium was pregnant women attending antenatal care in PHCs. The exclusion criteria were having been counseled for HIV prior to the interviews and/or experiencing an obstetric emergency. Using PRECEDE Framework with the concept of a comprehensive framework, this study focuses on identifying determinants of HIV PITC service use in PHCs in Surabaya. Binary logistic regressions and multiple binary logistic regressions were used in analyses.Results: The service use was associated with self-confidence of getting blood drawn for the test (p<0.001, adjusted OR=12.368, 95% CI=3.237–47.250) and past use of midwife private service for current pregnancy (p=0.029, adjusted OR=3.902, 95% CI=1.150–13.246). Self-confidence of getting blood drawn for HIV test mediated the effect of past use of midwife’s private service on HIV screening use.Conclusion: Past use of midwife’s private service affected self-confidence of getting blood drawn for HIV test on HIV screening use, and self-confidence affected the use of HIV PITC. This study results suggest that more midwives’ private practices are needed to increase the use of HIV PITC screening in PHC.
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Werneck, Guilherme L., and James H. Maguire. "Spatial modeling using mixed models: an ecologic study of visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 18, no. 3 (June 2002): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2002000300007.
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Most ecologic studies use geographical areas as units of observation. Because data from areas close to one another tend to be more alike than those from distant areas, estimation of effect size and confidence intervals should consider spatial autocorrelation of measurements. In this report we demonstrate a method for modeling spatial autocorrelation within a mixed model framework, using data on environmental and socioeconomic determinants of the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. A model with a spherical covariance structure indicated significant spatial autocorrelation in the data and yielded a better fit than one assuming independent observations. While both models showed a positive association between VL incidence and residence in a favela (slum) or in areas with green vegetation, values for the fixed effects and standard errors differed substantially between the models. Exploration of the data's spatial correlation structure through the semivariogram should precede the use of these models. Our findings support the hypothesis of spatial dependence of VL rates and indicate that it might be useful to model spatial correlation in order to obtain more accurate point and standard error estimates.
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Martin, Guillaume, Gaëlle Carlot, Pierre Desgardin, Marylène Vayer, Claire Ramboz, Thierry Sauvage, Philippe Moretto, Hicham Khodja, and Philippe Garcia. "Surface Blistering and Flaking of Sintered Uranium Dioxide Samples under High Dose Gas Implantation and Annealing." Defect and Diffusion Forum 323-325 (April 2012): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.323-325.185.
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High helium contents will be generated within minor actinide doped uranium dioxide blankets which could be used in fourth generation reactors. In this framework, it is essential to improve our understanding of the type of damage which a pellet could incur as a result of extensive helium build-up. This paper is an attempt at tackling this issue. Sintered uranium dioxide disks have been implanted with helium ions then annealed at various temperatures. Above a concentration of 0.4 at.% and above 1000°C, optical images of the sample surface revealed swollen grains and extensive areas which have exfoliated. Nuclear reaction microanalyses and atomic force microscopy observations were performed to demonstrate that helium has substantially precipitated within the swollen grains. Massive precipitation of the gas leads under these conditions to sample surface blistering which appears to precede flaking. Deuterium ion irradiations have also been performed at ambient and a direct flaking of the sample surface was observed, but for this phenomenon to be observed required much higher doses than in the He study, indicating that temperature could be an essential ingredient for gas to migrate and cause extensive precipitation. Such phenomena could possibly lead to degradation of the fuel.
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Svyrydenko, D. B., and Yu M. Aleksandrova. "Science education: searching of the effective publication practices." Scientific Notes of Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, no. 2(18) (2020): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51707/2618-0529-2020-18-11.
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The article attempts to propose the agenda of problems related to the requirements of the Ukrainian legislation in the research field regarding publications in journals indexed by the Scopus and Web of Science scientific databases to foreign readers of the journal. The provisions of the article have been pre-tested within the framework of the 12th international scientific conference on “Gifted children — intellectual potential of the state” (2019) and have been expanded to take into account the trends of 2020. As a result of the analysis, a number of approaches that could update the publishing strategies of Ukrainian researchers in the field of scientific education were identified. In particular, without claiming the completeness of the recommendations, a number of key recommendations have been formed that can guide potential authors. These include the following principles: authors need to develop a level of English in order to qualitatively develop a source base, to learn to work with English texts from the perspective of the future reader and from the position of the author; writing articles in international journals that are part of scientometric databases requires a distance from the tradition of writing articles in academic journals of Ukraine; for domestic researchers of science education, there is ample opportunity for publications both in specialized journals as well as in journals with related topics (development of giftedness; information technologies in education, etc.); researchers should develop international contacts with experienced authors in the field of science education and initiate joint research and publications as a result; mastering search tools of scientometric databases is a necessary requirement for preparatory steps that precede the preparation of the text; reseacrchers should get used to long and painstaking work with reviewers, which precedes the acceptance of the article to print; authors should avoid predatory models when presenting research results through developed awareness of international standards of publication ethics and academic integrity.