Journal articles on the topic 'Pre-participation testing'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Pre-participation testing.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Pre-participation testing.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Abbatemarco, Justin R., Courtney Bennett, Adrian J. Bell, Laura Dunne, and Martin E. Matsumura. "Application of pre-participation cardiovascular screening guidelines to novice older runners and endurance athletes." SAGE Open Medicine 4 (January 1, 2016): 205031211561613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312115616136.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Despite robust growth in participation in marathons and endurance sports among older individuals, guidance regarding pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation of these athletes is lacking. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of currently available pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation guidelines as applied to a cohort of older novice endurance athletes. Methods: We applied data from 1457 novice runners and endurance athletes aged 35 years and older to two pre-participation screening tools, the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Pre-Participation Questionnaire and the 2001 Working Group recommendations for pre-participation screening of masters athletes (2001 Masters). Results: Application of the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Pre-Participation Questionnaire identified 42.1% for which pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation was indicated. Of those who met criteria, 51.5% reported completion of a healthcare evaluation. Application of the 2001 Masters guidelines identified 75.2% who qualified for pre-participation electrocardiogram and 34.0% for pre-participation stress testing. Of those who met 2001 Masters criteria for pre-participation testing, 43.7% and 24.6% underwent recommended electrocardiogram and stress testing, respectively. While there was modest concordance with recommendations for pre-participation evaluations based on both American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Pre-Participation Questionnaire and 2001 Masters, only athlete age was independently associated with completion of a pre-participation healthcare evaluation and only athlete age and athlete’s participation in marathons were independently associated with pre-participation stress testing. Conclusion: Among older novice endurance athletes, application of the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Pre-Participation Questionnaire and 2001 Masters guidelines identifies a significant percentage of athletes for whom pre-participation evaluation and testing are recommended. Concordance with these guidelines was modest and providers were primarily influenced by athlete age and competitive goals when planning pre-participation testing. Given the rarity of cardiovascular events among older participants in endurance events, the cost-effectiveness of the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Pre-Participation Questionnaire and 2001 Masters guidelines may be unacceptable for general use.
2
Almeida, A., C. Milani, J. Sudkamp, R. Bell, and G. Stewart. "Effect of Testing Environment on Pre-Participation Reaction Time in High School Athletes (P02.214)." Neurology 78, Meeting Abstracts 1 (April 22, 2012): P02.214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p02.214.
Full text
3
Marosi, Krisztina, Endre Horváth, Péter Nagy, Bernadett Köles, and Zsolt B. Nagy. "Review of genetic research and testing in sport." Orvosi Hetilap 153, no. 32 (August 2012): 1247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2012.29412.
Full textAbstract:
There is compelling evidence for a genetic contribution to physical performance. In addition, there is an advanced scientific knowledge on the predisposition to sports-related diseases and injuries. Genetic testing of performance related polymorphisms can serve as a new opportunity for developing the process of talent selection. Sport-related genetic information may also allow for individualization of the training and improve performance. Genetic testing may also play an important role in the pre-participation screening for injuries and disease risks. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1247–1255.
4
Linton, L., C. Laura, and S. Tessa. "MUSCULOSKELETAL TESTING OF ORIENTEERS DURING PRE-PARTICIPATION EVALUATION AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH LIMB DOMINANCE AND INJURY HISTORY." British Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 7 (March 11, 2014): 628.1–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093494.184.
Full text
5
Mitchell, A. R. J., R. Hurry, P. Le Page, and H. MacLachlan. "Pre-participation cardiovascular screening: is community screening using hand-held cardiac ultrasound feasible?" Echo Research and Practice 2, no. 2 (May 2015): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erp-15-0010.
Full textAbstract:
We evaluated the feasibility and costs of utilising hand-held cardiac ultrasound (HHCU) as part of a community-based pre-participation cardiovascular screening programme. Ninety-seven school children were screened using a personal history, a physical examination, a resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and a HHCU. A consultant cardiologist independently reviewed and reported the data. Previously undiagnosed cardiovascular abnormalities were identified in nine participants (9%). An additional three participants (3%) were diagnosed with hypertension. The nine abnormalities were identified at a cost of £460 per finding, with a cost of £43 per participant screened. The marginal cost of adding a HHCU to the personal history, physical examination and ECG was £16 per participant. Pre-participation screening in the community using hand-held echocardiography is practical and inexpensive. The additional sensitivity and specificity provided by the ultrasound may enhance screening programmes, thereby reducing false positives and the need for expensive follow-up testing.
6
Onate, James A., Cambrie Starkel, Daniel R. Clifton, Thomas M. Best, James Borchers, Ajit Chaudhari, R. Dawn Comstock, et al. "Normative Functional Performance Values in High School Athletes: The Functional Pre-Participation Evaluation Project." Journal of Athletic Training 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-458.16.
Full textAbstract:
Context: The fourth edition of the Preparticipation Physical Evaluation recommends functional testing for the musculoskeletal portion of the examination; however, normative data across sex and grade level are limited. Establishing normative data can provide clinicians reference points with which to compare their patients, potentially aiding in the development of future injury-risk assessments and injury-mitigation programs. Objective: To establish normative functional performance and limb-symmetry data for high school-aged male and female athletes in the United States. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Athletic training facilities and gymnasiums across the United States. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 3951 male and female athletes who participated on high school-sponsored basketball, football, lacrosse, or soccer teams enrolled in this nationwide study. Main Outcome Measure(s): Functional performance testing consisted of 3 evaluations. Ankle-joint range of motion, balance, and lower extremity muscular power and landing control were assessed via the weight-bearing ankle-dorsiflexion–lunge, single-legged anterior-reach, and anterior single-legged hop-for-distance (SLHOP) tests, respectively. We used 2-way analyses of variance and χ2 analyses to examine the effects of sex and grade level on ankle-dorsiflexion–lunge, single-legged anterior-reach, and SLHOP test performance and symmetry. Results: The SLHOP performance differed between sexes (males = 187.8% ± 33.1% of limb length, females = 157.5% ± 27.8% of limb length; t = 30.3, P < .001). A Cohen d value of 0.97 indicated a large effect of sex on SLHOP performance. We observed differences for SLHOP and ankle-dorsiflexion–lunge performance among grade levels, but these differences were not clinically meaningful. Conclusions: We demonstrated differences in normative data for lower extremity functional performance during preparticipation physical evaluations across sex and grade levels. The results of this study will allow clinicians to compare sex- and grade-specific functional performances and implement approaches for preventing musculoskeletal injuries in high school-aged athletes.
7
V, Gallagher, Murthy P, Stocks J, Karpouzian Rogers T, Vesci B, Mjaanes J, Chen Y, et al. "A-108 Differential Change in Eye Movement Performance Among Male Collegiate Athletes With Variable Exposure to Head Impacts." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.108.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the use of eye movement testing to detect change in cognitive and sensorimotor processing among male club collegiate athletes following a season of participation in collision sports of variable exposure. We predicted that collision sport athletes (COLL) exposed to subconcussive head trauma would demonstrate longer reaction times (latency) on saccadic eye movement tasks with executive demands (antisaccade and memory-guided saccade [MGS] tasks), greater antisaccade inhibitory errors, and poorer MGS accuracy, a measure of spatial working memory, from pre-season to post-season, whereas non-collision sport athletes (NON-COLL) would demonstrate stability overtime. We predicted that longitudinal change in eye movement performance would be greater than change observed on ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test). Method Collegiate club athletes with variable exposure to contact sports participation [COLL-High Dose, n = 8; COLL-Low Dose, n = 9; NON-COLL, n = 17] completed eye movement and ImPACT assessments pre-season and post-season. Results NON-COLL demonstrated shorter post-season versus pre-season antisaccade and MGS latencies, whereas COLL groups showed stable, longer, or more attenuated (relative to NON-COLL) shorter latencies (ps ≤ .001). NON-COLL demonstrated improved MGS spatial accuracy over the season, whereas COLL groups showed poorer or stable accuracy (ps < .05). No differential change was observed in pre-season to post-season ImPACT performance among groups. Conclusions This pilot study provides preliminary evidence for the use of eye movement testing as a sensitive marker of subtle changes in attentional control and working memory resulting from participation in collision sports.
8
Noviyanti, Ayu Kristiana, and Eunice Widyanti Setyaningtyas. "Partisipasi Pembelajaran Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Dengan Classroom Rules." Journal of Education Research and Evaluation 1, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jere.v1i2.10071.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to: (1) Determine the effect of applying classroom rules in participation in teaching students in grades 5 (2) Determine the level of success of the effect of applying classroom rules in participation in teaching students in grades 5 Classroom rules are a set of rules which help organize learning activities, not just a routine or habit but in practice is also based on a standard that will have a positive impact on student behavior both in learning and everyday attitudes. This type of research is experimental research with research design Quasi Experimental Design. Instruments data collection using questionnaires, observations and interviews. Hypothesis testing using t-test and two independent samples t-test two different paired sample with SPSS 16.0. The results showed that: (1) the results of pre-test and post-test participation learning experimental class increased after applying classroom rules is higher than pre-test participation study before applying classroom rules with an average participation of learning by 52 904 and the average after applying classroom learning participation rules amounted to 55 761; (2) Participation of higher learning experimental class of classes controls (t = 2.342> ttabel 5% = 2,021). Thus the application of classroom rules affect the increased participation of student learning. Application of the rules Clasroom done optimally will affect the formation of character and the effect on student achievement.
9
Shumilov, Vladimir. "REAR AS FRONT LINES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 5 (2019): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-145-158.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the work of test pilots of one of the leading aircraft plants of the Soviet Union, No. 153, during the Great Patriotic War. On the example of 8 test pilots of the aircraft plant No. 153, who died when testing new and serial equipment, their biographies, the ways in which they came to test work, their participation, in pre-war and during the Great Patriotic War conflicts are considered.
10
Kamran, Farrukh, Ayesha Afzal, and Shahid Rafiq. "TEACHERS’ BEHAVIOR INFLUENCING THE CLASSROOM PARTICIPATION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." Journal of Social Research Development 3, no. 02 (December 25, 2022): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.53664/jsrd/03-02-2022-05-173-192.
Full textAbstract:
In a wide range of educational contexts, active participation and involvement are both essential elements for the student success. The ability of students to connect with material they are studying critically and effectively while also engaging in dialogue with their teachers and classmates is the vital skill that must be developed and refined in classroom. It has consistently been stated that most students are inactive in class, despite importance often attached to participation. The research shows how teachers' behavior influences students' participation in the class. The population of present study was the University of the Punjab as it is the most exceedingly massive University of the Punjab and have the students of all locations of Pakistan. By adopting the random sampling approach, at cessation sample of 570 respondents was drawn. The pre-testing of instrument showed that it is reliable. The collective data were analyzed over utilizing SPSS. Results of present study suggested, to enhance class participation teachers should deport positively and eliminate all those elements from their edification methodology that have negative effect on class participation.
11
Sanday, Leandro, Karina A. Zanin, Camilla L. Patti, Luciano Fernandes-Santos, Larissa C. Oliveira, Beatriz M. Longo, Monica L. Andersen, Sergio Tufik, and Roberto Frussa-Filho. "Role of state-dependent learning in the cognitive effects of caffeine in mice." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 16, no. 7 (August 1, 2013): 1547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1461145712001551.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world and it is generally believed that it promotes beneficial effects on cognitive performance. However, there is also evidence suggesting that caffeine has inhibitory effects on learning and memory. Considering that caffeine may have anxiogenic effects, thus changing the emotional state of the subjects, state-dependent learning may play a role in caffeine-induced cognitive alterations. Mice were administered 20 mg/kg caffeine before training and/or before testing both in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (an animal model that concomitantly evaluates learning, memory, anxiety-like behaviour and general activity) and in the inhibitory avoidance task, a classic paradigm for evaluating memory in rodents. Pre-training caffeine administration did not modify learning, but produced an anxiogenic effect and impaired memory retention. While pre-test administration of caffeine did not modify retrieval on its own, the pre-test administration counteracted the memory deficit induced by the pre-training caffeine injection in both the plus-maze discriminative and inhibitory avoidance tasks. Our data demonstrate that caffeine-induced memory deficits are critically related to state-dependent learning, reinforcing the importance of considering the participation of state-dependency on the interpretation of the cognitive effects of caffeine. The possible participation of caffeine-induced anxiety alterations in state-dependent memory deficits is discussed.
12
Elissa Altin, S., Marabel D. Schneider, Helen Parise, Subhash Banerjee, Wen-Chih Wu, Judith L. Meadows, Steven Pfau, Heidi Keefe, and Ehrin J. Armstrong. "Implementation of supervised exercise therapy in a veteran population with symptomatic claudication." Vascular Medicine 27, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358863x211073622.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Real-world implementation of supervised exercise therapy (SET) referral for symptomatic intermittent claudication has been limited by poor provider awareness around reimbursement and low patient adherence owing to factors including limited center availability and long travel distances to sites. Methods: In this study, 76 of 77 consecutive male veteran patients with intermittent claudication managed at a single-center vascular specialty clinic were referred to SET prior to revascularization. Pre- and post-SET submaximal exercise treadmill testing was performed for assessment of exercise capacity in metabolic equivalents (METs). Results: In the 48.7% of subjects who completed 36 sessions of SET ( n = 37), the average improvement in METs was 60.3%, reflecting improvement from baseline average of 3.4 METs to 5.5 METs after SET. Another 14 patients pursued self-guided exercise therapy and 25 patients declined any participation in exercise therapy. Reasons for declining participation in SET included inadequate transportation, cost of copayment, and interference with full-time work schedules. There was a nonsignificant numeric trend toward improved change in ankle–brachial index in the combined SET and self-guided exercise groups compared to those that declined exercise therapy (0.011 ± 0.124 vs –0.040 ± 0.105, p = 0.156). Conclusion: High acceptance of referral to SET is possible, despite the limitations to implementation. Incorporation of novel pre- and post-SET submaximal exercise treadmill testing allows for assessment of change in exercise capacity and aids in risk stratification and management of intermittent claudication symptoms.
13
Baerwalde, Tim, Britta Gebhard, Laura Hoffmann, Julia Roick, Olaf Martin, Anna-Lena Neurath, and Astrid Fink. "Development and psychometric testing of an instrument for measuring social participation of adolescents: study protocol of a prospective mixed-methods study." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e028529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028529.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionSocial participation is an important part of a young person’s life. It influences the social experience, social-emotional development and dimensions of competence experience. This applies to people with or without physical disabilities or chronic diseases. Currently, there is no reliable assessment tool for measuring social participation of adolescents in Germany although social participation is a central goal of rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to develop, test and pilot an instrument that assesses social participation for adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 years and to start a psychometric test.Methods and analysisIn a sequential mixed-methods study, adolescents with and without physical disabilities or chronic diseases are asked about their experiences with social participation as well as the individual significance of self-determination through semistructured interviews. The perspective of adolescents is supplemented by focus groups that will be conducted first with experts from social paediatric care and second with legal guardians. Based on this, an assessment instrument will be developed, evaluated and implemented in exemplary social paediatric centres (SPCs) and rehabilitation clinics and psychometrically tested in a pilot study.Ethics and disseminationThe study will be conducted in accordance with the principles of the revised Helsinki Declaration. The study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. The developed assessment instrument can be used in science to identify disadvantaged groups and to compensate for the disadvantages that could impair development. For this purpose, the results will be presented at scientific conferences and published in international peer-reviewed journals. In practice, the instrument can be used to determine the goals of rehabilitation together with the adolescents and to evaluate the achievement of these goals. For this, implementation workshops and further training will be organised and carried out in children’s rehabilitation clinics and SPCs.Trial registration numberDRKS00014739; Pre-results.
14
Wonggom, Parichat, Ampornpan Theeranut, Sirinya Krongyut, and Kawin Tangworapongchai. "Developing and testing an educational app on bowel preparation." Gastrointestinal Nursing 20, no. 8 (October 2, 2022): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/gasn.2022.20.8.44.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Colonoscopy is the top investigation tool for colorectal cancer screening. The role of nurses in educating and advising on bowel preparation is essential to prepare patients for colonoscopy. Evidence supports that an interactive patient education smartphone and tablet application (app) leads to better health outcomes. Aims: To develop and evaluate the use of a bowel preparation app in providing knowledge and teaching bowel preparation to improve colonoscopy preparation. Methods: Analyse data from consumer participation and pre-post test methods. Findings: The effectiveness of the app was assessed in four categories: disease-specific content and patient-centred; flexible learning environments and accessibility; elder-friendliness; and usefulness. Overall, 10 people completed the app's feasibility testing and demonstrated a significant improvement in their bowel preparation knowledge (P=0.004) and behaviours (P=0.005). The mean BBPS scores was 7.8 (SD=0.6) and satisfaction with learning using the app was very high (90%). Conclusion: The collaboration with the multidisciplinary team led to the creation of an innovative app with a high level of satisfaction. Thus, interactive app technology in patient education is a feasible alternative method to deliver health information.
15
Casero-Cepeda, Juan Francisco, Dani Catalá-Pérez, and Antonio Cano-Orellana. "Design and Application of a Citizen Participation Tool to Improve Public Management of Drought Situations." Land 11, no. 10 (October 14, 2022): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101802.
Full textAbstract:
The growing scarcity of water for human consumption in southern Europe is driving today’s public administrations to search for new ways of optimising its availability. Within this context, the purpose of this paper is to analyse whether citizen participation is an appropriate way of improving the management of available water, as several international organisations suggest. This study is part of a research project carried out by the University of Seville in Spain on behalf of the city of Seville’s metropolitan water supply company, hereinafter EMASESA. A qualitative method is applied in this research using pre-mortem testing techniques, enabling a specific participation tool to be designed, called the EMASESA Water Observatory, which this article describes in detail. The tool produced specific measures aimed at better addressing drought situations. In view of the practical application of this newly designed tool, we conclude that citizen participation is indeed useful in identifying solutions to improve public water policies and drought management. It is also concluded that the tool’s design calling for active participation is a positive factor in its application. Finally, the tool has also demonstrated that it generates knowledge that can be used to address other water-related issues and challenges, beyond those related to water availability.
16
Aba, Diler. "Investigating higher education students’ intercultural readiness for academic mobility." Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education 4, no. 2 (July 24, 2019): 280–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sar.17008.aba.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The present study describes the development and initial empirical testing of a new instrument of intercultural competence. By employing this scale, Turkish Erasmus students’ intercultural sensitivity was examined at a pre-departure stage. The study also investigated whether gender, participation in pre-departure orientation activities and university type (private vs. state) had any influence on the students’ intercultural readiness. Student participants (N = 89) from two state and two private universities in Turkey were involved in the investigation. The data were analyzed using a standard set of psychometric procedures including factor and reliability analyses. For the comparative analyses, T-tests and Anova tests were conducted. Results indicated this new scale to be a reasonable approximation of students’ intercultural readiness for academic mobility. Finally, the participants were found to be quite ready for their Erasmus experience from an intercultural communicative perspective.
17
Lederer, Alyssa M., Mindy H. King, Dong-Chul Seo, and Nayoung Kim. "Improving Children’s Vegetable Taste Preferences." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 14, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v14i2.1871.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Despite the high nutritional content of vegetables, children do not eat them at optimal levels. Research has recommended that interventions aimed at increasing vegetable preferences among children be developed and evaluated. Purpose: This study describes an evidence- and theory-informed school-based vegetable taste testing pilot program for fourth and fifth grade students and reports evaluative findings. Methods: Pre and post structured interviews with N=36 students were conducted at a public school in southern Indiana in 2013-2014. Paired samples t-tests were performed for most outcome analyses. Process evaluation was conducted using multiple methods including feedback from school personnel, observation, and student taste testing tracking. Results: The program improved children’s familiarity with, perceptions of, and peer norms for most vegetables. It also improved children’s taste preference for one of the four vegetables. The program was feasible to implement with high levels of student participation. Conclusion: Results justify further research on taste testing programs as a promising intervention to improve children’s vegetable taste preferences and other determinants of vegetable consumption. Recommendations are provided to improve the utility of these programs.
18
Faulkner, Alex, Kate Bloor, and Vahsti Hale. "Definitely Maybe: New Governance of Uncertainty and Risk in Patient Group Involvement with UK Guidance on Testing for Lyme Disease." Science, Technology and Society 26, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 116–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971721820960246.
Full textAbstract:
States that claim responsibility for citizens’ healthcare try to deal with knowledge uncertainties while preserving a duty of care. Production of clinical guidelines in disputed medical conditions or where uncertainty is high, is difficult. Patient groups may advocate non-credentialed evidence, contribute to debates and form alliances with established policy actors. In this context, Lyme disease, especially highly contested ‘chronic’ Lyme disease is a good case with which to examine how official governance institutions are managing diagnostic uncertainty and evidence for tests. The healthcare state has been provoked to develop extensive policy for Lyme disease. In the UK, national Health Technology Assessment agency, NICE, began a consultation process in 2016. NICE and other policy actors are moving towards more participatory modes of decision-making. The article analyses NICE’s recently published guidelines and consultation documents; patient groups’ contributions; observations of consultations and of evidence review processes; and recent Department of Health systematic reviews, including patient group participation. We draw on concepts of participatory governance, patient group activism and guideline involvement. We find an increased level of participation by patient groups in recent policy and evidence review processes, and hence legitimation of them as ‘stakeholders’, alongside a strengthened state position on pre-existing diagnostic and testing standards.
19
Ertik, Faruk Cem, Johanna Kampers, Fabienne Hülse, Claudia Stolte, Gerd Böhmer, Peter Hillemanns, and Matthias Jentschke. "CoCoss-Trial: Concurrent Comparison of Self-Sampling Devices for HPV-Detection." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (October 2, 2021): 10388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910388.
Full textAbstract:
High-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection of the cervicovaginal tract is known to be the major cause of cervical cancer. Similar to various other countries, Germany introduced an organized combined screening including cytology and HPV testing in 2020. The participation rate was around 70% in the past. Self-testing for hr-HPV infections could be an option to increase the participation rate. Two dry vaginal self-sampling devices and a device for the self-collection of first-void urine were evaluated in combination with a PCR-based hr-HPV test regarding their clinical performance (sensitivity for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN 2+). A cervical smear taken by a clinician during colposcopy was used as reference. This open prospective multicenter trial recruited patients referred to the two participating colposcopy clinics (Hannover Medical School and IZD Hannover, Germany) with abnormal results from cervical cancer screening from 05/2020 to 11/2020. All patients received three CE-certified self-sampling devices (FLOQSwabs, COPAN, Italy; Evalyn Brush, Rovers Medical Devices, the Netherlands; Colli-Pee FV-5000, Novosanis, Wijnegem, Belgium) with instructions to read and apply at home in a pre-specified alternating order without medical assistance. HPV testing was performed after adequate preservation and DNA extraction. Histological results from colposcopy or cervical excisional surgery after self-sampling were used as the gold-standard. The data of 65 patients were analyzed. All invasive cancer cases and over 90% of the CIN 3 lesions were found to be hr-HPV positive with all three self-collection devices. All devices were considered easy to use without any difficulties following the written instructions. Hr-HPV testing of self-collected first-void urine and dry vaginal self-samples showed a high sensitivity for CIN 3+ comparable to that of a clinician-taken smear. Self-sampling was well accepted as it is convenient and easy to use.
20
Ta Park, Van My, R. Henry Olaisen, Quyen Vuong, Lisa G. Rosas, and Mildred K. Cho. "Using Korean Dramas as a Precision Mental Health Education Tool for Asian Americans: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122151.
Full textAbstract:
Precision mental health (MH) holds great potential for revolutionizing MH care and reducing the burden of mental illness. Efforts to engage Asian Americans in precision MH research is necessary to help reduce MH disparities. Korean drama (“K-drama”) television shows may be an effective educational tool to increase precision MH knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) among Asian Americans. This study determined whether KAB improved after participating in a K-drama precision MH workshop, and examined the participants’ perspectives about K-dramas’ utility as an educational tool. A K-drama precision MH workshop in English/Vietnamese/Korean was conducted with a convenience sample (n = 122). Pre-/post-tests on precision MH KAB (genetics and genetic testing, and MH and help-seeking) and a survey on K-dramas’ utility as an educational tool were administered. Findings revealed a significant difference in the pre- and post-test KAB scores overall, by genetics and genetic testing, and by MH and help-seeking. There were also significant increases in the overall post-test KAB scores by workshop (language) participation. Overall, participants responded positively on the utility of K-dramas as a precision MH educational tool. This study demonstrates the feasibility of K-drama as an innovative and widely available health education tool to educate communities about precision MH.
21
Boenke, A. "The Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SMT)—The European Support to Standardisation, Measurements and Testing Projects and its Proposed Activities in the 5th Framework Programme." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 6, A (January 1998): A1—A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.159.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of the EC, SMT-Programme include the provision of research and technical support to standardisation and health of the society when it is required to improve the competitive position of European industry, and for the development or implementation of Community policy.1 These objectives led to the EC, SMT-workprogramme, which is divided in the following three THEMES: THEME I: Measurements for Quality European Products Including Written Standards for Industry, THEME II: Measurements Related to Written Standards and Technical Support to Trade, THEME III: Measurements Related to the Needs of Society. These themes were accessible through participation in different calls for proposals. The European Commission's proposal for the 5th Framework Programme explains that harmonised and validated methods, as well as instrumentation in Europe, together with the establishment of international traceability of measurements, are needed to ensure quality and sustainability of industrial products, services, to remove barriers to trade, to promote mutual recognition agreements and to combat fraud. Consequently, the following objectives of Measurements and Testing as a generic activity within the 3rd Thematic Programme, Promoting Competitive and Sustainable Growth, were proposed: (a) pre-normative research and technical support to standardisation, (b) the fight against fraud, (c) improvement of quality of products and services. These objectives include instrumentation (e.g. Sensors, etc.), reference methods and certified Reference Materials (CRM) as important measurement and testing tools.
22
Lane, Michael Timothy, Mark Travis Byrd, Zachary Bell, and Tyler Hurley. "Effects of Supplementation of a Pre-workout on Power Maintenance in Lower Body and Upper Body Tasks in Women." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 4, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk4020018.
Full textAbstract:
Currently there is a lack of research into how women respond to pre-workout supplementation. The effects of supplements on exercise performance in women, specifically to power, must be performed. This study investigated the effects of supplementation on power production and maintenance during a high-intensity cycle ergometry sprint performance, vertical jump performance, and bench press performance in women. It also investigated the effects of supplementation on power production and the maintenance of upper and lower body tasks in women. A total of 23 females (22.9 ± 3.6 years, 175.6 ± 6.5 cm, 86.9 ± 15.1 kg, 19.1 ± 8.4 body fat percentage (BF%) (mean ± std. dev.)) were familiarized with the testing protocol and maximal bench press performances were attained (49.5 ± 15.4kg). Utilizing a double-blind crossover design, subjects completed three trials of: Five countermovement vertical jumps, a high-intensity cycle sprint protocol, which consisted of 10 maximal, five second cycle ergometer sprints. Subjects performed a velocity bench press test, utilizing 80% of their predetermined one repetition maximum (1RM) for 10 sets of three repetitions for maximal speed. For 20 min prior to each trial, the subjects ingested, in a randomized order, a pre-workout supplement (Supp), placebo+150 mg caffeine (Caff), or a placebo (PL). Peak power (PP), mean power (MP), and minimum power (MNP) were recorded for each sprint. Maximal velocity from each set was also recorded. Bike sprint and bench press data were normalized to the placebo trial for analysis. Blood lactate (bLa−) was measured immediately prior to each testing session, within 2 min of the completion of the last cycle sprint and following the bench press test. Bike sprint and bench press testing showed no significant differences through the testing sessions, but did significantly decline over test battery (p < 0.05). Vertical jump performance and lactate levels were not significantly different. Supplementation with a pre-workout supplement or placebo with caffeine 20 min prior to participation showed no positive benefits to performance in female participants.
23
Haggerty, Kristin Lees, Melanie Miller, Dana M. Wardlaw, Randi Campetti, Athi Myint-U, and Brad Cannell. "Recognizing and Responding to Elder Mistreatment: Developing and Testing an Online Training for EMS Practitioners." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 822–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Elder mistreatment is an urgent and under recognized public health concern with devastating consequences for older adults, families, and health systems. Risk for elder mistreatment has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, further highlighting the urgency to address it. Prehospital emergency medical service (EMS) practitioners have unique opportunities to recognize signs of elder mistreatment but often lack the training and tools required to facilitate consistent identification and intervention. To address this gap, Education Development Center collaborated with a team of expert advisors and EMS practitioners to develop and pilot test Recognizing and Responding to Elder Mistreatment: An Online Training for EMS Practitioners with funding from the RRF Foundation for Aging. This training aims to prepare EMS practitioners to recognize potential mistreatment and report suspected elder mistreatment in line with state laws and their professional code of ethics. In this presentation, we will describe the iterative development process, present results from a pilot test conducted with EMS practitioners in Massachusetts and share strategies and progress for disseminating the training nationally. The pilot study utilized a pre-post design to assess changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices at baseline, immediately after and two months following participation in the training. Results indicate statistically significant improvements in knowledge related to elder mistreatment identification and response from pre- to post-training and maintenance of these improvements two months later. Participants reported feeling more prepared to address elder mistreatment in their work as EMS practitioners and applying their new knowledge and skills during the two months following the training.
24
Elboj-Saso, Carmen, Alejandra Cortés-Pascual, Tatiana Íñiguez-Berrozpe, Raquel Lozano-Blasco, and Alberto Quílez-Robres. "Emotional and Educational Accompaniment through Dialogic Literary Gatherings: A Volunteer Project for Families Who Suffer Digital Exclusion in the Context of COVID-19." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 24, 2021): 1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031206.
Full textAbstract:
In order to improve educational conditions of families lacking digital resources during the home lockdown associated with the COVID-19 crisis, a project of educational and emotional support through books featuring Dialogic Literary Gatherings was carried out, with the name “Books that Bring People Together”. We present the main results of the impact of this activity from the point of view of n = 63 volunteers who participated in it. Using Student’s t-test for related samples, the differences in volunteers’ competencies before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the experience were tested, in order to analyze whether the activity had also exerted an impact on these competencies. Moreover, a correlation analysis was applied between the items for evaluating family participation by the volunteers, volunteer skills, and training, with the aim of testing the relationships between those variables as a result of participation in the experience. Results show that families found that accompaniment improved the quality of life of their children, making them feel loved and accompanied. In addition, the family atmosphere was improved, as did the children’s interest in reading. This mode of training led to greater involvement, motivation, and interest, thereby complying with a transversal axis of the process—community participation.
25
Du, Huiyun, Parichat Wonggom, Christine Burdeniuk, Justin Wight, Paul Nolan, Tracey Barry, Katie Nesbitt, and Robyn A. Clark. "Development and feasibility testing of an interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure." British Journal of Cardiac Nursing 15, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007.
Full textAbstract:
Background/aims Heart failure self-care is important for achieving optimal patient outcomes. Interactive information technology has been shown to enhance self-care knowledge and behaviours. This study aimed to codevelop and evaluate with consumers an avatar app for teaching heart failure self-care. Methods Consumer participation and pre-post test methods. Findings A total of six heart failure patients, two patients' family members and 15 heart failure clinicians and app developers participated in the development of the app. Overall, 13 people completed the app's feasibility testing and demonstrated a significant improvement in heart failure knowledge (P=0.020), self-care maintenance (P=0.027) and self-care confidence (P=0.002). Self-care management did not improve significantly (P=0.113) and satisfaction with learning using the app was very high (90%). Conclusions The codevelopment approach used in this project resulted in a high level of user satisfaction. Consumers felt the app was a very feasible mechanism of heart failure education delivery.
26
Camacho-Conde, José Antonio. "Cognitive Function Assessment of a Patient With PTSD Before and After EMDR Treatment." Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 14, no. 4 (October 16, 2020): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/emdr-d-20-00022.
Full textAbstract:
The current case study investigates whether successful psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms will also ameliorate cognitive deficits. We describe the treatment response of a 37-year-old woman diagnosed with PTSD who received eight weekly EMDR sessions. At pre-treatment, the patient reported emotional disturbance on the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and problems with anxiety and sleep. Testing showed high scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Symptoms Scale of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Scale-Revised. An evaluation of her attention profile and other executive functions was conducted with dual execution tasks using a virtual reality program, Nesplora Aquarium. The attention testing data indicated attention-deficit disorder. At the end of the therapy, testing showed improvements in sleep problems and in emotional disturbance and anxiety symptoms on all measures. The attention testing revealed normal scores for her age range in the Nesplora Aquarium test. A follow-up assessment was carried out at 1 month, and it was observed that the patient maintained the improvement achieved. We discuss the relationship between PTSD and cognitive impairment and the value of the Nesplora Aquarium test for cognitive assessments. Our results suggest attentional deficits in this case when performing a continuous execution test with dual execution components that involve the participation of the central executive system of working memory.
27
James, Leah Emily, Courtney Welton-Mitchell, Saja Michael, Fajar Santoadi, Sharifah Shakirah, Hasnah Hussin, Mohammed Anwar, Lama Kilzar, and Alexander James. "Development and Testing of a Community-Based Intervention to Address Intimate Partner Violence among Rohingya and Syrian Refugees: A Social Norms-Based Mental Health-Integrated Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (November 7, 2021): 11674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111674.
Full textAbstract:
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the leading form of gender-based violence globally and increases during times of conflict and displacement. To reduce IPV and encourage help-seeking, a two-phase community-based intervention was co-designed with Rohingya in Malaysia and Syrians in Lebanon. Three day workshops, utilizing a social norms-based mental health-integrated approach, were implemented for women and men in each country (n = 148). Pre- to post-measures indicated reductions in beliefs about acceptability of violence and rigid gender norms, and improvements in mental health, functioning, coping, and self-efficacy for women and men following workshop participation. Workshop participation was also associated with increased help-seeking intent, for both mental health and IPV (victims and perpetrators). Workshops included community design of poster campaigns to address IPV, which were then tested in each setting using a randomized controlled trial in Malaysia (n = 240) and a matched cluster comparison in Lebanon (n = 260). Women in both settings found IPV less acceptable in the poster condition. Help-seeking preferences were also influenced by the poster for women and men in both countries. This participatory intervention research can provide a roadmap for use in other settings, emphasizing the value of community-generated solutions to IPV among displaced populations.
28
Kombusadee, N., and N. Cumrae. "Development of the Dengue Fever Prevention Paradigm in People of Kham Kaew Sub-District, So Phisai District, Bueng Kan Province, Thailand." Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 532–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i4.24542.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental condition is very important for the Dengue Fever Prevention. People in this area lacked the knowledge, awareness of an environmental condition. To achieve sustainable control of the occurrence of dengue fever, therefore, this mixed methodology research was performed: 1) to gather general information related to the community environment for dengue fever prevention, 2) to develop a paradigm for dengue fever prevention, and 3) to compare the levels of knowledge, attitude, and community participation after attending a training course on dengue fever prevention. The gathering general information related to the community environment for dengue fever prevention was performed by survey method, 341 participants were recruited by using the Taro Yamane formula and stratified random sampling, subsequently, the model was developed for training. After that, the training and evaluation were implemented. Thirty-two volunteers participated in the training on dengue fever prevention. The testing instruments consisted of Knowledge Test Form, Attitude Test Form, and Dengue Prevention Participatory Test Form. The results indicated that the dengue fever prevention paradigm was supported by the following six factors: 1) having reliable data, 2) providing training on disease prevention, 3) having competent agents, 4) presenting the dengue prevention system to the community, 5) having people participation, and 6) having environmental management. Concerning the training on dengue fever prevention, the villagers’ post-test scores on knowledge, attitude, and participation in dengue fever prevention were significantly higher than their pre-test scores. This research increased the knowledge, attitude and participation of people after training on dengue fever prevention in their community.
29
Fowler, Joan B., Bryan Carson Taylor, Susan H. Gitzinger, and Vanessa Carranza. "Effect of participation in the annual Immuno-oncology Young Investigators’ Forum (IOYIF) on the competency and performance of young researchers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 11021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.11021.
Full textAbstract:
11021 Background: Advancing the fight against cancer involves many types of research across different disciplines and professions, from PhD-trained scientists to medical oncology physicians. The IOYIF is a competitive academic research program where oncology junior faculty, clinical and post-doctoral fellows who are pursuing a career in academic research in IO are invited to submit an abstract of their unpublished, original research to a panel of expert judges for assessment. Methods: Performance and confidence change were objectively assessed by analyzing pre- and post-test results before and after the presentation of research. Statistical testing between pre- and post-participation were conducted via chi square analysis with a priori significance set at 0.05. Results: Participants experienced an improvement in mean abstract score following participation in the forum. The mean abstract score improvement was statistically significant for All Participants ( P< 0.001) and all sub-groups ( P< 0.001), with the sole exception of Clinician Scientists. Overall, PhD/Postdoctoral Research participants demonstrated the most improvement. The mean abstract score improvement was statistically significant for those who attended presentation coaching ( P< 0.001) as well as for those that did not ( P= 0.001); the magnitude of improvement was greater among those who attended coaching. Participant self-reported mean confidence scores increased with statistical significance from pre- to post-participation in the forum ( P< 0.001); this increase was noted across all participants and all sub-groups, and was observed in relation to both presentation skills and research defense. Young Investigators reported that lack of experience with grant writing is the most significant barrier they face to obtaining grant funding; they also listed lack of mentorship/guidance in publishing as a prominent barrier. Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates that an IO research forum designed for young investigators can improve the performance and confidence of these scientists. These findings highlight the robust, multifaceted impact of the IOYIF on advancing the professional development of the next generation of IO researchers. Identification of barriers demonstrates the tangible value of the IOYIF in providing needed mentorship to further research efforts, deliver axioms of grant writing guidance, and bridge the gap young researchers face in obtaining funding and publishing their work.
30
Zeidner, Joshua F., William Blum, Amir T. Fathi, Daniel A. Pollyea, Megan M. Stephan, Jeffrey D. Carter, and Cherilyn Heggen. "Barriers to Evidence-Based Treatment Decision-Making in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Quality Improvement Initiative Across Community Oncology Practices." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 3016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-148638.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Availability of molecularly targeted therapies has rapidly changed the treatment landscape for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). With these newer treatment choices, healthcare professionals (HCPs) must consider appropriate uses of molecular testing, treatment selection based on testing results, new sets of adverse events (AEs), and an increased need for patient education and shared decision-making (SDM). In this quality improvement (QI) initiative, we assessed barriers to evidence-based treatment planning for patients with AML in 4 community oncology systems and conducted team-based audit-feedback (AF) sessions within each system to facilitate HCP goal setting to mitigate identified barriers. Methods The QI initiative was conducted between Dec. 7, 2020 and Feb. 10, 2021. Initially, 14 hematology/oncology HCPs completed baseline team-based surveys to assess barriers in 4 community oncology systems (Table 1). To address identified gaps, 43 HCPs in the 4 systems participated in AF sessions. Action plans were developed by the clinical teams based on survey results (Table 1). Additional pre- and post-surveys completed before and after the AF sessions measured changes in participants' confidence and competence. Results On the pre-activity surveys, the most common challenges in AML management were: 1) identifying which treatment options are most appropriate (30%), 2) coordinating with other members of the care team (24%), 3) gaining/maintaining access to new therapies (15%), and 4) integrating molecular testing information into treatment decisions (15%) (Figure 1). After the 4 AF sessions, HCPs prioritized addressing these 4 challenges. In the baseline surveys, HCPs identified additional staff/resources (64%) and additional staff training/education as top resources needed to overcome these challenges. HCPs identified additional challenges in the areas of AE management and patient centered care in the baseline surveys. Identified barriers in patient centered care, specifically, shared decision making (SDM), included not enough time to engage in SDM (57%) and patients' low health literacy (57%). After the 4 AF sessions, HCPs prioritized addressing tailoring treatment decisions to achieve patient goals (42%), coordinating follow-up visits with other care team members (32%), and engaging patients in shared decision-making (21%) as goals for improving patient-centered care. Molecular testing emerged as a key challenge in AML treatment planning over the course of the QI initiative. Pre-activity, only 36% of HCPs expressed high confidence (4/5 Likert scale) in identifying which molecular tests should be ordered to guide treatment planning, and similarly only 36% were highly confident in selecting targeted therapies based on actionable mutations. HCPs also expressed dissatisfaction with ordering and timely receipt of molecular testing results in their systems. In post-activity surveys, over twice as many HCPs selected molecular testing as a challenge they were planning to address within their team (37% compared with 15% pre-activity), suggesting increased awareness of this barrier (Figure 1). Pre- to post-activity, HCPs who self-reported use of targetable mutations as an important factor in planning treatment for patients who are not candidates for induction therapy increased from 27% to 63%. Participation in the QI initiative led to improvements in clinician confidence and competence in molecular testing, treatment selection based on molecular results, AE management, and use of SDM (Figure 2). Conclusions HCPs participating in this QI initiative identified barriers and potential areas for improvement in AML treatment planning, including barriers related to molecular testing, treatment selection and access, AE management, and patient-centered care. Participation in the AF sessions led to measurable improvements in HCP confidence and competence in key areas of AML management which may ultimately improve the quality of AML care in the community. Study Sponsor Statement The study reported in this abstract was funded by an independent educational grant from Genentech. The grantor had no role in the study design, execution, analysis, or reporting. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Blum: Abbvie: Honoraria; AmerisourceBergen: Honoraria; Forma Therapeutics: Research Funding; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: Research Funding; Celyad Oncology: Research Funding; Nkarta: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; Syndax: Honoraria. Fathi: Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astellas: Consultancy, Honoraria; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Honoraria; Blueprint: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Agios: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Servier: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria; Trillium: Consultancy, Honoraria; Kura: Consultancy, Honoraria; Foghorn: Consultancy, Honoraria; Kite: Consultancy, Honoraria; Morphosys: Consultancy, Honoraria; Ipsen: Consultancy, Honoraria. Pollyea: Takeda: Honoraria; Syros: Consultancy, Honoraria; Syndax: Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Kiadis: Honoraria; Aprea: Honoraria; Astellas: Honoraria; Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Foghorn: Honoraria; Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Jazz: Honoraria; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Teva: Research Funding.
31
Schuurmans, Juliette, Erwin Birnie, Adelita V. Ranchor, Kristin M. Abbott, Angela Fenwick, Anneke Lucassen, Marjolein Y. Berger, Marian Verkerk, Irene M. van Langen, and Mirjam Plantinga. "GP-provided couple-based expanded preconception carrier screening in the Dutch general population: who accepts the test-offer and why?" European Journal of Human Genetics 28, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-019-0516-0.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Next generation sequencing has enabled fast and relatively inexpensive expanded carrier screening (ECS) that can inform couples’ reproductive decisions before conception and during pregnancy. We previously showed that a couple-based approach to ECS for autosomal recessive (AR) conditions was acceptable and feasible for both health care professionals and the non-pregnant target population in the Netherlands. This paper describes the acceptance of this free test-offer of preconception ECS for 50 severe conditions, the characteristics of test-offer acceptors and decliners, their views on couple-based ECS and reasons for accepting or declining the test-offer. We used a survey that included self-rated health, intention to accept the test-offer, barriers to test-participation and arguments for and against test-participation. Fifteen percent of the expected target population—couples potentially planning a pregnancy—attended pre-test counselling and 90% of these couples proceeded with testing. Test-offer acceptors and decliners differed in their reproductive characteristics (e.g. how soon they wanted to conceive), educational level and stated barriers to test-participation. Sparing a child a life with a severe genetic condition was the most important reason to accept ECS. The most important reason for declining was that the test-result would not affect participants’ reproductive decisions. Our results demonstrate that previously uninformed couples of reproductive age, albeit a selective part, were interested in and chose to have couple-based ECS. Alleviating practical barriers, which prevented some interested couples from participating, is recommended before nationwide implementation.
32
Lima-Silva, Thaís Bento, Aline Teixeira Fabrício, Laís dos Santos Vinholi e. Silva, Glaúcia Martins de Oliveira, Wesley Turci da Silva, Priscilla Tiemi Kissaki, Anna Pereira Fernandes da Silva, et al. "Training of executive functions in healthy elderly: Results of a pilot study." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 6, no. 1 (March 2012): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642012dn06010006.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Executive functions (EF) refer to the cognitive skills necessary to formulate a goal, plan, execute plans effectively, and to perform self-monitoring and self-correction. Several aspects of EF change during the normal aging process. Objectives: To train skills associated with executive functions in the elderly and to detect possible impact on objective EF tests and self-reports of functional status. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving an intervention and pre and post testing was carried out. Study participants included 26 seniors assigned to an experimental group (EG) and given six sessions of cognitive intervention, and 17 seniors assigned to a control group (CG) who completed pre and post testing only. All participants were enrolled in an Open University for the Third Age. The following tests were used to measure outcome: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Story subtest of the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT) (versions A and B), semantic verbal fluency fruit category, and verbal fluency with phonological constraints (FAS), WAIS-III Digit Span, Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Trail Making Part A and the Pfeffer Functional Assessment Questionnaire (PFAQ). Delta scores were calculated (post-test score minus pretest score) to assess the impact of the intervention. Results: In the post test, the CG showed significant improvement on the RBMT Story recall and Digit Span but a decline in verbal fluency. The EG remained stable in terms of pre and post test scores. Conclusions: The intervention did not enhance performance on the EF tests. It is noteworthy that the EG received only a small number of sessions which may not have been sufficient to generate improvement. Alternatively, the lack of group differences observed could be associated to participation in other workshops offered at the university.
33
O’Farrell, Sarah Catherine, Nicholas Mahony, Marie Boland, and Nuala Crotty. "AB105. SOH21AS259. An audit of routine pre-participation medical evaluation in athletes attending for laboratory-based exercise testing and a profile of endurance athletes in Ireland." Mesentery and Peritoneum 5 (April 2021): AB105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/map-21-ab105.
Full text
34
Piedade, Sérgio Rocha, Mark R. Hutchinson, Daniel Miranda Ferreira, Mario Ferretti, and Nicola Maffulli. "Validation and Implementation of 4-domain Patient-reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) Tailored for Orthopedic Sports Medicine." International Journal of Sports Medicine 42, no. 09 (January 13, 2021): 853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1327-2970.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe validation of a 4-domain PROM tailored to orthopedic sports medicine was performed through item generation, item scaling, validity and reliability testing, statistical analysis, as well as item reduction. Conbrach's alpha was used to verify item homogeneity, i. e. their accuracy or consistency. This PROM showed acceptable statistical accuracy and clinical applicability for a variety of surgical treatments, regardless of the anatomical injury sites. Moreover, this PROM considers the athletes’ primary physical demands in an non-injured baseline condition, their motivation to continue sports practice and participation, and the influence of sports practice on their quality of life. This 4-domain PROM tailored for orthopedic sports medicine appears to be a valid tool to assess athletes and high-performing practitioners with sports injuries, recording their perception of injury, expectations of treatment; evaluation of postoperative care and treatment received, and perceived outcomes compared to their pre-injury status of physical demands in sports activity. The tool is unique, allowing direct comparisons between athletes’ perception of pre-injury baseline, injury, treatment, and outcome. It will be a welcome adjunct to the sports medicine professional’s tool box when assessing athlete’s status and outcome after injury and intervention.
35
Kragsnaes, Maja Skov, Shaun Theodor Sødergren, Jens Kjeldsen, Hans Christian Horn, Heidi Lausten Munk, Jens Kristian Pedersen, Camilla Schufri Klinkby, et al. "Experiences and perceptions of patients with psoriatic arthritis participating in a trial of faecal microbiota transplantation: a nested qualitative study." BMJ Open 11, no. 3 (March 2021): e039471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039471.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectivesPatients’ first-hand experiences of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) performed in a rheumatological care setting have yet to be elucidated. The objectives were to explore participants’ perceptions of being part of an FMT trial thereby identifying potential trial participation effects and enlightening the patient perspective on the outlook for future FMT trials in rheumatic diseases.DesignIn a qualitative study nested within a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (RCT) testing FMT as a potential new antirheumatic treatment, semistructured telephone interviews were conducted following the trial participants’ final 26-week visit. Qualitative researchers, who did not take part in the main trial, performed the interviews and the primary analysis. The experiences explored related to the conduct of the RCT and changes in the participants’ everyday life. The analysis was carried out using a thematic approach.SettingA Danish rheumatology university outpatient clinic with nationwide inclusion.ParticipantsThe study included 10 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who were unaware of their treatment allocation (FMT/sham transplantation) and completed the final 26-week trial visit.ResultsParticipation in the RCT influenced the patients’ understanding of PsA and induced positive changes in their everyday life. Renewed hopes for the future in addition to a feeling of enhanced care contributed to significant trial participation effects. FMT was deemed a tolerable and safe treatment.ConclusionsDiscrepancies between the clinical and the research setting should be considered when discussing the clinical relevance of the results of the RCT. Overall, patients with PsA who have participated in an RCT testing FMT find the treatment acceptable and safe encouraging more research into the field of microbiota-targeted interventions in rheumatic diseases.Trial registration numberNCT03058900; Pre-results.
36
Oluloro, Ann, Liz Sage, Elizabeth Swisher, Sarah M. Temkin, and Kemi Doll. "Abstract A082: Is there value in gynecologic cancer clinical trial participation for Black women?" Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a082.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Purpose Black women are underrepresented in gynecologic cancer clinical trials despite disproportionately worse cancer outcomes. While etiology of clinical trial enrollment disparities is multifactorial, at the individual level, underrepresented populations may be dissuaded from study participation without perceived value. The concept of Return of Value (ROV) describes return of individual research information (both actionable and non-actionable) that participants find most valuable. Ranking of ROV components varies among racial/ethnic groups. In a national survey, Black individuals were more likely to value information on ancestry, genetic traits, future use of their information, and remuneration, compared to White individuals who highly valued information on connections with other study participants and response to medications. Both groups valued information on how genetics affect the risk of getting a medical condition. We evaluated to what extent gynecologic cancer clinical trials include information most valued by Black women to ascertain whether clinical trial design may influence accrual of Black patients. Methods We queried the ClinicalTrials.gov registry for NCI sponsored gynecologic cancer clinical trials in the US between Jan.1994 and Nov.2021. We extracted pre-specified ROV items in basic information, medical record information, research questionnaires (e.g. EORTC QLQ-C30), life-style risk factors (e.g. smoking), ancestry, genetic traits, genetic testing, biomarker testing, imaging, future use of participant information, information about other clinical trials, how to connect with others in the study, and remuneration. We assessed inclusion proportions for each ROV item and assessed temporal changes in these proportions with chi-square tests. Results 279 gynecologic cancer clinical trials were included, with 21% of trials with year of first accrual in 1994-2000, 37% in 2001-2007, 28% in 2008-2014, and 15% in 2015-2021. Most commonly, trials targeted ovarian cancer (48%), were phase II (53%), and utilized chemotherapy (60%) or targeted therapy (34%). Nearly all trials included ROV items in basic information (99%), medical record information (99%), and imaging (82%). 41% of trials included ROV items in biomarker testing, 20% genetic testing, and 20% research questionnaires. Over time, there were significant increases in the proportion of trials that included genetic testing (3% to 51%; p < 0.001) and biomarker testing (14 to 78%, p < 0.001). Information on lifestyle risk factors was rare (1%), and no trials included ROV in ancestry, genetic traits, how to connect with other participants, and remuneration. Conclusion Gynecologic cancer clinical trials include few design elements that provide high value to Black women. In any multi-pronged effort to improve diversity in clinical trial enrollment, inclusion of items valued by Black women should be considered in order to increase enrollment of Black women. This work contributes to the evidence base supporting the importance of person-centered, community-informed clinical trial design. Citation Format: Ann Oluloro, Liz Sage, Elizabeth Swisher, Sarah M. Temkin, Kemi Doll. Is there value in gynecologic cancer clinical trial participation for Black women? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A082.
37
McCusker, Jane, Josée Verdon, Nathalie Veillette, Katherine Berg, Tina Emond, and Eric Belzile. "Standardized Screening and Assessment of Older Emergency Department Patients: A Survey of Implementation in Quebec." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 26, no. 1 (2007): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/g236-p856-815w-3863.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTCost-effective methods have been developed to help busy emergency department (ED) staff cope with the growing number of older patients, including quick screening and assessment tools to identify those at high risk and note their specific needs. This survey, from a sample of key informants from all EDs (n=111) in the province of Quebec (participation rate of 88.2%), investigated the implementation of these tools and barriers to implementation. Questionnaires (administered either by telephone or by self-completion) included characteristics of the ED, characteristics of the respondent, use of tools, and method of implementation. Barriers to the implementation of these tools included lack of resources for screening and follow-up, misunderstandings of the difference between screening and assessment tools, and need for adaptation of the tools to the local context. Education of staff and pre-implementation adaptation and testing are needed for successful implementation.
38
Tekola, Bethlehem, Fikirte Girma, Mersha Kinfe, Rehana Abdurahman, Markos Tesfaye, Zemi Yenus, Erica Salomone, et al. "Adapting and pre-testing the World Health Organization’s Caregiver Skills Training programme for autism and other developmental disorders in a very low-resource setting: Findings from Ethiopia." Autism 24, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319848532.
Full textAbstract:
The World Health Organization’s Caregiver Skills Training programme for children with developmental disorders or delays teaches caregivers strategies to help them support their child’s development. Ethiopia has a severe lack of services for children with developmental disorders or delays. This study explored the perspectives of Ethiopian caregivers, professionals and other stakeholders to inform adaptation and implementation of the World Health Organization’s Caregiver Skills Training in Ethiopia. Data collection included (1) a consultation and review, comprising stakeholder meetings, review of draft Caregiver Skills Training materials and feedback from Ethiopian Master Trainees and (2) a pre-pilot including quantitative feasibility and acceptability measures and qualitative interviews with caregivers (n = 9) and programme facilitators/observers (n = 5). The consultation participants indicated that the Caregiver Skills Training addresses an urgent need and is relevant to the Ethiopian context. Several adaptations were proposed, including more emphasis on psycho-education, stigma, parental feelings of guilt and expectations of a cure. The adapted Caregiver Skills Training was pre-piloted with excellent participation (100%) and retention (90%) rates. Four themes were developed from the qualitative data: (1) Programme acceptability and relevance, (2) Perceived programme benefits, (3) Challenges and barriers and (4) Suggestions for improvement. The World Health Organization’s Caregiver Skills Training addresses a local need and, with careful adaptations, is feasible and acceptable to be implemented in Ethiopia. These findings may have relevance to low-resource settings worldwide.
39
Uithoven, Katelyn, Joshua Smith, Jose Medina-Inojosa, Ray Squires, Erik Van Iterson, and Thomas Olson. "Clinical and Rehabilitative Predictors of Peak Oxygen Uptake Following Cardiac Transplantation." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 19, 2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010119.
Full textAbstract:
The measurement of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is an important metric for evaluating cardiac transplantation (HTx) eligibility. However, it is unclear which factors (e.g., recipient demographics, clinical parameters, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participation) influence VO2peak following HTx. Consecutive HTx patients with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) between 2007–2016 were included. VO2peak was measured from CPET standard protocol. Regression analyses determined predictors of the highest post-HTx VO2peak (i.e., quartile 4: VO2peak > 20.1 mL/kg/min). One hundred-forty HTx patients (women: n = 41 (29%), age: 52 ± 12 years, body mass index (BMI): 27 ± 5 kg/m2) were included. History of diabetes (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.17, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.04–0.77, p = 0.021), history of dyslipidemia (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19–0.93, p = 0.032), BMI (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.99, p = 0.022), hemoglobin (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.61, p = 0.020), white blood cell count (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.98, p = 0.033), CR exercise sessions (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04–1.15, p < 0.001), and pre-HTx VO2peak (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07–1.29, p = 0.001) were significant predictors. Multivariate analysis showed CR exercise sessions (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03–1.16, p = 0.002), and pre-HTx VO2peak (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.30, p = 0.007) were independently predictive of higher post-HTx VO2peak. Pre-HTx VO2peak and CR exercise sessions are predictive of a greater VO2peak following HTx. These data highlight the importance of CR exercise session attendance and pre-HTx fitness in predicting VO2peak post-HTx.
40
Nguyen, Cong Luat, Phung Thi Hoang Nguyen, Tan Khac Chu, Anh Vo Van Ha, Ngoc Minh Pham, Dat Van Duong, Dung Van Do, Hong Kim Tang, Colin W. Binns, and Andy H. Lee. "Cohort profile: maternal lifestyle and diet in relation to pregnancy, postpartum and infant health outcomes in Vietnam: A multicentre prospective cohort study." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (September 2017): e016794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016794.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeTo determine modifiable maternal risk factors for adverse pregnancy, postpartum maternal and child health outcomes in Vietnam.ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study included pregnant women seeking prenatal care at six hospitals in three large cities in Vietnam. After enrolment, eligible participants who gave their consent to participate in the study were interviewed at 24–28 weeks' gestation. Glucose testing was conducted and blood pressure was measured during this period. Each participant will be assessed prospectively during their postnatal visits at delivery, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, and will be followed up for 5 years.Findings to dateOf 2248 eligible pregnant women, 2030 were recruited (participation rate 90.3%) between August 2015 and July 2016. All participants completed the baseline assessment. Their mean (SD) age was 27.6 (5.3) years. The mean pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was 20.2 (SD 2.6) kg/m2, with nearly two-thirds of participants having a normal pre-pregnancy BMI (18.5 to <23.0 kg/m2) and one-quarter being underweight (pre-pregnancy BMI <18.5 kg/m2). Overweight or obese mothers (pre-pregnancy BMI ≥23.0 kg/m2) accounted for 12.8%. No pregnant women reported smoking during their pregnancy while 13.4% of them had continued drinking. 22.8% of participants had hyperglycaemia. Their mean systolic blood pressure was 105.6 (SD 8.2) mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure was 67.4 (SD 7.5) mm Hg.Future plansThe relationships of maternal lifestyle and nutritional status with the health outcomes of pregnancy, postpartum maternity and infants will be analysed. Meanwhile, participants will be closely tracked to minimise loss to follow-up.
41
Koltsova, O. V., P. V. Safonova, and O. S. Kutukova. "Psychosocial counseling when testing for human immunodeficiency virus: what to focus on?" Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University 27, no. 3 (February 15, 2021): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2020-27-3-65-71.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Voluntary anonymous HIV counseling and testing can be an effective tool to reduce the behavior that has high risks of HIV, hepatitis C (HCV) and B (HBV) transmission. The dissemination of general information on HIV, HCV, HBV to reduce risky behavior is not as much of importance as counseling on specific individual infection-related sexual risk behavior. The objective was to identify HIV/HCV/HBV-related risk factors that have to be discussed during psychosocial counselingto help the individual to focus on his/her sexual risk behavior.Methods and materials. The study was conducted on the base of Saint-Petersburg Center for Control of AIDS with participation of 90 individuals who voluntary applied for HIV counseling and testing. Participants’ behavioral risks and HIV knowledge were assessed by the specifically developed structured questionnaire. The level of anxiety was measured by State-Train Anxiety Inventory (STAI adapted by Hanin), the level of need for extreme-risk behavior was measured by the Sensation Seeking Scale (Zuckerman).Results. Only 50 % of participants use condom with their steady sexual partner always or almost always. In 62 % cases, the steady sexual partner’s HIV-status is unknown. Many participants agree that HIV transmission occurs always after sexual contact with HIV-infected person. The level of situational anxiety is higher by those who do HIV testing repeatedly. Those who are more likely to seek new sensations use condom with their steady or other partner more often.Conclusion. Motivational intervention during pre- and post-counseling by HIV/HCV/HBV testing has to focus on the discussion of individual difficulties of condom use as the means for protection and on the individual’s resources for changing sexual behavior to protect him/her-self and his/her partner from infection with HIV and viral hepatitis.
42
Tan, Rayner Kay Jin, Wee Ling Koh, Daniel Le, Avin Tan, Adrian Tyler, Calvin Tan, Sumita Banerjee, et al. "Effect of a web drama video series on HIV and other sexually transmitted infection testing among gay, bisexual and queer men: study protocol for a community-based, pragmatic randomised controlled trial in Singapore: the People Like Us (PLU) Evaluation Study." BMJ Open 10, no. 4 (April 2020): e033855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033855.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionGay, bisexual and queer (GBQ) men are at disproportionately higher risk of acquiring HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). While HIV/STI testing rates among GBQ men are increasing worldwide, they remain suboptimal in a variety of settings.Methods and analysisThe study is a pragmatic randomised controlled trial designed to evaluate an online video series developed by a community-based organisation in Singapore for GBQ men. A total of 300 HIV-negative GBQ men in Singapore aged 18–29 years old will be recruited for this study. Participants will subsequently be randomised into the intervention arm (n=150) and the control arm (n=150). The intervention arm (n=150) will be assigned the intervention along with sexual health information via a pamphlet, while the control group (n=150) will be assigned only the sexual health information via a pamphlet. Participants should also not have watched the video prior to their participation in this study, which will be ascertained through a questionnaire. Primary outcomes for this evaluation are changes in self-reported intention to test for, actual testing for and regularity of testing for HIV, syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhoea at the 3 and 6 months after intervention. Secondary outcomes include changes in self-reported risk perception for HIV and other STIs, knowledge of HIV, knowledge of risks associated with acquiring STIs, knowledge of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, consistent condom use for anal sex with casual partners, incidence of STIs, connectedness to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community, self-concealment of sexual orientation, perceived homophobia, internalised homophobia, HIV testing self-efficacy and HIV testing social norms.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the National University of Singapore Institutional Review Board (S-19-059) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The results will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and disseminated to community-based organisations and policymakers.Trial registration numberNCT04021953
43
Livingston, John Andrew, Kristi Posey, Vivek Subbiah, Najat C. Daw, Neeta Somaiah, Vinod Ravi, Shreyaskumar Patel, et al. "Analysis of osteosarcoma subtypes by clinical genomic testing to identify clinically actionable alterations." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 11019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.11019.
Full textAbstract:
11019 Background: Genomic testing is being utilized with increasing frequency to identify matched therapies for patients (pts) with advanced disease; however, the utility of such testing has not been defined in osteosarcoma (OS). We report our experience with 36 pts with recurrent/metastatic OS who underwent testing on a genomic testing protocol, including actionable alterations across multiple histologic subtypes of OS. Methods: Standardized hotspot mutation analysis was performed in 36 pts with recurrent/metastatic OS, using either a 46-, 50-gene, or 128-gene CLIA certified multiplex platform. 12 pts had a 200-gene analysis on a companion research protocol. We used the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (COSMIC) database to identify alterations that are in mutation hotspots in OS or in other cancers. Clinical outcomes were retrospectively collected. Histologic subtype classifications were made by an experienced sarcoma pathologist based upon the pre-treatment and resection specimens. Cases with only metastatic samples available were classified as “other high-grade osteosarcoma.” Additional clinical correlations are ongoing. Results: A total of 36 pediatric and adult pts were analyzed. All osteosarcomas were high grade; the most common osteosarcoma histologic subtypes were chondroblastic, osteoblastic, and other. Samples analyzed were from primary tumor in 15/36 (42%), with the remaining from metastatic specimens (58%). Mutations were identified in 26 pts (72%). The most common mutations were in TP53. An activating PIK3CA E545K mutation was found in chondroblastic OS. Other notable hotspot mutations include a GNAS R201 mutation in osteoblastic osteosarcoma and a KRASG12V mutation in a fibroblastic osteosarcoma. Conclusions: Clinical gene panel sequencing can identify a limited number of potentially actionable mutations in patients with osteosarcoma. Given the heterogeneity of osteosarcoma at the molecular level, clinical genomic testing may be warranted to identify patients for participation on matched clinical trials.
44
DaCosta, A., M. Fasciana, A. Crane, and A. LoGalbo. "How Accurate are Concussed College Athlete’s Self-reported Balance Problems?" Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 5 (July 2019): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz026.63.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Purpose The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) has been determined to be a reliable and valid measure of balance performance (Bell et al., 2011). Previous research indicates self-reported balance difficulties and postural stability are positively correlated (Broglio et al., 2009). Furthermore, athletes exhibit an increase in errors on the BESS following a concussion (McCrea et al., 2004). Methods 68 collegiate athletes (age 18-23; M=19.62, SD=1.44) received baseline, post-concussion, and follow-up evaluations. Balance performance was measured via the BESS on the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool-5th edition (SCAT5), while symptom reporting was measured by the SCAT5 and ImPACT neurocognitive testing. Results Multiple simple linear regressions were conducted, suggesting that changes in BESS performance from baseline to post-trauma significantly predicted self-report of “balance problems” at post-trauma on ImPACT (F(1, 66)=11.94, p=.001; R2=.15) and SCAT5 (F(1, 66)=5.73, p=.02; R2=.08). While baseline BESS errors were significantly correlated with post-trauma BESS errors (r=.29, p=.02), BESS errors at post-trauma did not significantly predict self-reporting of balance problems on either assessment. Conclusion Results suggest that self-reported balance difficulties following a concussion are an indicator of change in intraindividual balance performance, but not post-trauma balance performance alone. Furthermore, it provides clinical context as the individuals’ perception of change may be greater, impacting the likelihood of self-reporting of balance problems at post-trauma. These results support the clinical utility of examining pre- and post-injury changes in balance by including balance measurements in pre-participation baseline testing.
45
Ooi, Catriona, Fabian Y. S. Kong, David A. Lewis, and Jane S. Hocking. "Prevalence of sexually transmissible infections and HIV in men attending sex-on-premises venues in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies." Sexual Health 17, no. 2 (2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh19150.
Full textAbstract:
Background In Australia, men who have sex with men (MSM) have high rates sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and sex-on-premises venue (SOPV) patrons are at risk. This paper assesses Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), syphilis and HIV prevalence in men tested at Australian SOPVs and describes testing services. Methods: EMBASE, Medline, PubMed and international conference proceedings were searched for articles reporting on-site SOPV testing between 1 January 2000 and 31 January 2017. Meta-analysis calculated pooled prevalence estimates of STIs by anatomical site. Results: Twelve cross-sectional studies were identified. Most (8/12) were local sexual health clinics (SHC) outreach services. Participants’ mean age was 41.1 years (95% confidence interval (CI) 37.0–43.3; range 17 to 84 years). Testing included CT and NG (9/12), HIV (8/12) and syphilis (5/12). CT and NG prevalence overall summary estimates were 3.4% (95% CI 1.9–5.2%, I2 = 88.7%, P < 0.01) and 1.3% (95% CI 0.7–2.2%, I2 = 75.5%, P < 0.01) respectively. CT and NG prevalence was highest in the ano-rectum and oro-pharynx respectively. The HIV and syphilis pooled estimates were 2.3% (95% CI 1.6–2.9%, I2 = 93.1%, P < 0.01) and 3.2% (95% CI 1.8–4.6%, I2 = 72.8%, P < 0.01) respectively. Participation rate varied. Conclusion: This review examines HIV and STI testing in Australian SOPVs before HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Findings indicate a high prevalence of STIs. PrEP use and resultant condomless sex may influence STI prevalence. Further research is required to determine the effect of PrEP on the STI prevalence among SOPV patrons.
46
Newton, Kathryn T., and Aaron Ashley. "Introducing the Interdisciplinary Nature of Health Care Through Case Study Models." Journal of Education and Training Studies 8, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v8i1.4600.
Full textAbstract:
Interprofessional education (IPE) is a critical area needed to improve the quality of healthcare. Stereotypes of other disciplines persist by healthcare workers, limiting the ability to work as a team. Knowledge of roles of healthcare professions is a key competency of IPE. An online, 12-week course was developed to introduce students to the interdisciplinary nature of healthcare through case study models. Through built-in links, students explore medical terminology, diagnostic testing, pathophysiology, treatment, and health professionals who work as a team to diagnose and treat the patient. A 24-question survey was administered to a convenience sample of 582 high school students. Results of paired-samples t-tests showed significant increases pre-training to post-training in: 1) knowledge of the different roles of health professionals, (n = 338, M = .71, SEM = .01) to post-training (M = .82, SEM = .01), t(337) = 11.08, p<.001, pη2 = .203, 2) and self-reported knowledge of roles of different health professions, pre-training (n = 338, M = 2.73, SEM = .30) to post-training (M = 3.60, SEM = .039), t(337) = 20.02, p < .001, pη2 = .543. Interestingly, students’ likelihood in a career in healthcare professions decreased significantly pre-training (n = 338, M = 4.30, SEM = .043) to post-training (M = 4.20, SEM = .06), t(337) = 2.21, p = .028, pη2 = .016. Introducing knowledge of health professions to this population may be critical in avoiding stereotypes before a student enters a chosen career path, increasing the likelihood of participation in interdisciplinary teams.
47
Muqeem, Ahmad, Syma Arshad, Sadaf Sajid, and Abdullah Ahmad. "Skills and Attitudes of Students which Affect Fostering of Critical Thinking in Undergraduate Medical Students." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 5 (November 4, 2022): 1711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i5.7196.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To identify students' skills and attitudes which affect fostering critical thinking in undergraduate medical students.
Study Design: Modified Delphi Study.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan, from Oct 2018 to Apr 2019.
Methodology: This study was carried out to develop consensus. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. A draft questionnaire was developed on Google Forms and sent to five experts for pilot study, construct validation and cognitive pre-testing. Wait Time, rating on the Likert Scale and Consensus criteria of 80% were defined before the start of the study. A new questionnaire was sent to participants in each round.
Results: The study enrolled 27 experts, of which only 14 participated in all the three rounds. Experts initially identified 18 factors related to students' skills and attitudes. The consensus was achieved for 14 out of the final 16 factors. Pre-medical education through Matric/FSc. rote memorization, lack of logical and rational thinking, no active participation in interactive sessions and strategic learning by students hamper fostering critical thinking. On the other hand, students from O/A level possess better critical thinking skills because they were trained to criticize and question during class activities.
Conclusion: Individual skills/attitudes of students affect fostering of critical thinking among undergraduate medical students. They should be addressed primarily in pre-medical schools for better critical thinking abilities in medical school.
48
Jones, Cheryl, Nicole Richard, and Michael Thaut. "Investigating music-based cognitive rehabilitation for individuals with moderate to severe chronic acquired brain injury: A feasibility experiment." NeuroRehabilitation 48, no. 2 (March 9, 2021): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-208015.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Acquired brain injuries often cause cognitive impairment, significantly impacting participation in rehabilitation and activities of daily living. Music can influence brain function, and thus may serve as a uniquely powerful cognitive rehabilitation intervention. OBJECTIVE: This feasibility study investigated the potential effectiveness of music-based cognitive rehabilitation for adults with chronic acquired brain injury. METHODS: The control group participated in three Attention Process Training (APT) sessions, while the experimental group participated in three Music Attention Control Training (MACT) sessions. Pre-and post- testing used the Trail Making A & B, Digit Symbol, and Brown-Peterson Task as neuropsychological tests. RESULTS: ANOVA analyses showed no significant difference between groups for Trail A Test, Digit Symbol, and Brown-Peterson Task. Trail B showed significant differences at post-test favouring MACT over APT. The mean difference time between pre-and post-tests for the Trail B Test was also significantly different between APT and MACT in favour of MACT using a two-sample t-test as well as a follow-up nonparametric Mann Whitney U-test. CONCLUSIONS: The group differences found in the Trail B tests provided preliminary evidence for the efficacy of MACT to arouse and engage attention in adults with acquired brain injury.
49
Lorusso, Maria, Marisa Giorgetti, Simona Travellini, Luca Greci, Andrea Zangiacomi, Marta Mondellini, Marco Sacco, and Gianluigi Reni. "Giok the Alien: An AR-Based Integrated System for the Empowerment of Problem-Solving, Pragmatic, and Social Skills in Pre-School Children." Sensors 18, no. 7 (July 21, 2018): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072368.
Full textAbstract:
The use of technology for educational purposes is a consolidated reality, and many new tools are constantly being devised and offered for use with both normally developing children and children with special needs. Nonetheless, a detailed analysis of the processes being stimulated and of the goals being pursued is often lacking or absent. In this work we describe the design, development and preliminary testing of an integrated system which combines the use of smart devices, a physical cube, augmented reality (AR) technology, a smart TV, and a software application especially designed to stimulate cognitive and social functions in pre-school children. The system was tested with three groups of children (25 children in total) during kindergarten activities. The results show that the system is easy to understand, elicits high levels of participation and social interaction, favors strategic behaviors, and can be used by the children with limited need of instruction and support by the adult. The implications for empowerment in typically developing children and the possibilities for use with children who have specific impairments in social communication are discussed.
50
Ackbarali, Tariqa, Yelena Y. Janjigian, and Eric Van Cutsem. "The role of education in adjusting to changes in clinical practice for gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2023): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.470.
Full textAbstract:
470 Background: Gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas are difficult to treat and associated with poor prognosis, specifically in advanced disease. Recently approved and investigational immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are changing the treatment landscapes for gastric cancer and GEJ cancer, allowing clinicians to manage difficult-to-treat patients. However, these advances also create knowledge and practice gaps that pose many challenges warranting education to close these gaps and to assess current practices. Methods: PlatformQ Health’s proprietary workflow digital technology was utilized to launch a 4-part CME series online in December 2021 which remains on-demand through December 2022 at OMedLive.com. Each module focused on the following topics: 1) HER2 testing, 2) Current care for HER2+ gastric or GEJ cancer, 3) Treatment for unresectable disease and trastuzumab-resistant disease, and 4) adverse event management. This series was conducted in partnership with the American Gastroenterological Association and accredited by the Postgraduate Institute for Medicine. Clinicians engaging in this educational series were assessed at pre- and immediate post-activity. Practice pattern insights and education impact were assessed post-activity. Results: To date, 2,568 US-based clinicians have participated in the educational series. All 6 questions across the 4 modules in the series showed significant improvements in knowledge and competence related to HER2 testing, defining the standard of care, treatment beyond trastuzumab resistance, treatment for unresectable disease, and managing adverse events. Provider insights evaluated post-series revealed 41% of clinicians will consult with a pulmonologist upon development of interstitial lung disease; 51% identified trastuzumab deruxtecan as a novel HER2-targeted therapy having the greatest potential to improve patient outcomes; and 26% reported not repeating HER2 expression testing following progression on a trastuzumab-containing regimen. Evaluating the impact of the educational series, 88% of clinicians reported a positive impact on patient experience and 94% on clinical practice change following participation. The qualitative data depicting the reported impact will be shared. Conclusions: This serialized education was effective in improving knowledge and competence across four major themes of practice within gastric and GEJ cancer management. Provider insights revealed practice shifts following participation and practice impact assessments demonstrated the rapid application of real-time digital education.