Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pre-clinical imaging'
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Bianchi, Andrea. "Magnetic resonance imaging techniques for pre-clinical lung imaging." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0060/document.
Full textIn this work, ultra-short echo time (UTE) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) sequences are investigated as flexible tools for the noninvasive study of experimental models of lung diseases in mice. In small animals radial UTE sequences can indeed efficiently limit the negative impact on lung image quality due to the fast spin dephasing caused by the multiple air/tissue interfaces. In addition, radial UTE sequences are less sensitive to motion artifacts compared to standard Cartesian acquisitions. As a result, radial UTE acquisitions can provide lung images in small animals at sub-millimetric resolution with significant signal to noise ratio in the lung parenchyma, while working with physiological conditions (freely-breathing animals). In this thesis, UTE proton MRI sequences were shown to be efficient instruments to quantitatively investigate a number of hallmarks in longitudinal models of relevant lung diseases with minimal interference with the lung pathophysiology, employing easilyimplementable fast protocols. The synergic use of positive contrast agents, along with anadvantageous administration modality, was shown to be a valuable help in the increase of sensitivity of UTE MRI. At the same time, UTE MRI was shown to be an extremely useful and efficacious sequence for studying positive contrast agents in lungs
Almeida, Gilberto Serrano de. "Pre-clinical imaging evaluation of the PARP inhibitor rucaparib." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2033.
Full textNamati, Eman, and eman@namati com. "Pre-Clinical Multi-Modal Imaging for Assessment of Pulmonary Structure, Function and Pathology." Flinders University. Computer Science, Engineering and Mathematics, 2008. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20081013.044657.
Full textAssadian, Sarah. "Rodent FDG-PET imaging for the pre-clinical assessment of novel glioma therapies." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101836.
Full textLa découverte accélérée de nouvelles molécules thérapeutiques qui ciblent lesmécanismes de progression du cancer tels que l'invasion et l'angiogenèse, nécessite lamise au point et la validation de techniques efficaces qui permettent d'évaluer l'efficacitéthérapeutique de ces agents in vivo. Le développement récent des scanners detomographie à émission de positron (TEP) dédiés à l'imagerie de petits animaux(microPET, CT! Concorde R4), permet aujourd'hui d'obtenir une image fonctionnelle etmoléculaire de haute résolution des modèles rongeurs. Cette étude s'intéresse au potentieldu 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) en utilisant l'imagerie microPET dansl'évaluation de l'efficacité de nouveaux agents thérapeutiques dans un modèle de gliomechez le. rat. Cette technique pourrait éventuellement mener à une évaluation rapide et àgrande échelle de la réponse tumorale, ainsi que la mesure de l'efficacité d'agentsthérapeutiques in vivo au stade d'étude préclinique. Globalement, cette étude a pour butde faciliter la transition entre la découverte de nouvelles molécules thérapeutiques et leursapplications cliniques.
Ambrosini, Valentina <1975>. "Pre-clinical imaging: small animal pet and CT applications in pneumology, oncology and cardiology." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1087/.
Full textChen, Liu Qi. "Development and Application of AcidoCEST MRI for Evaluating Tumor Acidosis in Pre-Clinical Cancer Models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323450.
Full textJones, Bernard Lee. "Development of dosimetry and imaging techniques for pre-clinical studies of gold nanoparticle-aided radiation therapy." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43727.
Full textLanduyt, Willy. "Intra-tumoural blood vessels and hypoxia: targets for treatment and imaging to improve anti-cancer therapies pre-clinical investigations /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2002. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=7247.
Full textOnthank, David C. "Prediction of "First Dose in Human" for radiopharmaceuticals/imaging agents based on allometric scaling of pharmacokinetics in pre-clinical animal models." Link to electronic dissertation, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-011006-132234/.
Full textAdcock, Jane Elizabeth St Vincent's Clinical School UNSW. "The reliability and clinical validity of functional magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of language in pre-surgical patients with temporal lobe epilepsy." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. St Vincent's Clinical School, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22484.
Full textOnthank, David C. "Prediction of "First Dose in Human" for Radiopharmaceuticals/Imaging Agents Based on Allometric Scaling of Pharmacokinetics in Pre-Clinical Animal Models." Digital WPI, 2006. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/443.
Full textThornton, R. C. "Imaging brain networks in focal epilepsy : a prospective study of the clinical application of simultaneous EEG-fMRI in pre-surgical evaluation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1425726/.
Full textAginsky, Kerith Dana. "Clinical and imaging features of the lumbar spine in elite male schoolboy cricketers : the effect of a pre-season lumbar stabilisation intervention." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3222.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 221-240).
Current evidence indicates that schoolboy cricketers are at a high risk of injury to the lumbar spine. This is particularly relevant in the case of fast bowlers who bowl with a high degree of shoulder counter-rotation. There, however, is a lack of evidence in the literature with respect to injury research of all cricketing disciplines, as fast bowlers receive the most attention. After reviewing the literature it was evident that the effect of a cricket-specific lumbar stabilisation exercise intervention in an attempt to reduce lower back pain and alter other physiological variables, had never been studied. Previous interventions in cricketers have focused only on fast bowlers in an attempt to decrease the degree of shoulder counter-rotation. However, these studies either took two years to observe a decrease or were unsuccessful.
Schädlich, Andreas Verfasser], Karsten [Akademischer Betreuer] [Mäder, Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Göpferich, and Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Kreßler. "Pre‐clinical in vivo studies of parenteral drug delivery systems using non‐invasive multispectral fluorescence imaging : [kumulative Dissertation] / Andreas Schädlich. Betreuer: Karsten Mäder ; Achim Göpferich ; Jörg Kreßler." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045194824/34.
Full textMaczka, Melissa May. "Investigations into the effects of neuromodulations on the BOLD-fMRI signal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:96d46d4d-480b-48d7-9f2d-060e76c5f8aa.
Full textCastets, Charles. "Développements méthodologiques en IRM pré-clinique chez le petit animal : apports de l’acquisition spirale pour l’imagerie paramétrique et fonctionnelle." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0307/document.
Full textMRI is more and more used to diagnose and assess a wide range of pathologies. However, this technique is still limited by two disadvantages. Indeed, the acquisition times are too long(especially in 3D) and the quantification is still difficult compared to other techniques like positron emission tomography. The aim of this PhD project was to significantly reduce acquisition times required for 3D imaging and to develop robust quantitative techniques allowing longitudinal studies.To these ends, innovative methods have been developed at very high magnetic field (7T) and validated on healthy and diseased mouse models. Three major developments arose from this work. Firstly, a fast measurement of the longitudinal relaxation time (T1) has been developed. This method based on a Look-Locker approach was coupled with a sampling using stack-of-spirals and allowed to get T1 mapsin 3D in healthy and myocardial infarction models in less than 15 minutes. Then, a "spiral-in" approach was coupled with a multi spin echoes acquisition to accelerate the measurement of the transverse relaxation time (T2). This method allowed to get T2 maps in 3D of healthy and metastatic mouse brains in less than 20 minutes. Finally, a hybrid approach combining the advantages of the spiral acquisition with those of the radial sampling has been developed. This method has been coupled with a Golden-Angle technique for randomly sampling the k-space and allowed for the first time to display a 3Dangiography of a mouse liver in free breathing in less than 12 minutes. All the protocols developed inthis PhD project were validated in terms of robustness and showed that MRI can be a technique both rapid and quantitative. These developments will be transferred to the clinic in future works
Audigier, Chloé. "Modélisation de l’ablation radiofréquence pour la planification de la résection de tumeurs abdominales." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4071/document.
Full textThe outcome of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of abdominal tumors is challenged by the presence of blood vessels and time-varying thermal conductivity, which make patient-specific planning extremely difficult. By providing predictive tools, biophysical models may help clinicians to plan and guide the procedure for an effective treatment. We introduce a detailed computational model of the biophysical mechanisms involved in RFA of hepatic tumors such as heat diffusion and cellular necrosis. It simulates the extent of ablated tissue based on medical images, from which patient-specific models of the liver, visible vessels and tumors are segmented. In this thesis, a new approach for solving these partial differential equations based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method is introduced. The model is first evaluated against clinical data of patients who underwent RFA of liver tumors. Then, a comprehensive pre-clinical experiment that combines multi-modal, pre- and post-operative anatomical and functional images, as well as the interventional monitoring of the temperature and delivered power is presented. This enables an end-to-end validation framework that considers the most comprehensive data set for model validation. Then, we automatically estimate patient-specific parameters to better predict the ablated tissue. This personalization strategy has been validated on 7 ablations from 3 clinical cases. From the pre-clinical study, we can go further in the personalization by comparing the simulated temperature and delivered power with the actual measurements during the procedure. These contributions have led to promising results, and open new perspectives in RFA guidance and planning
Teixeira, Joana Maria Rodrigues. "Automation of co-registration of pre-clinical RPC-PET images with animal MRI." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/87898.
Full textA imagiologia médica é um dos recursos mais utilizados na medicina, sendo as suas principais aplicações no diagnóstico e terapêutica. Imagens obtidas através da fusão de duas modalidades de imagiologia médica apresentam vantagens consideráveis quando comparadas com images provenientes de uma só técnica de imagem, uma vez que combinam informação anatómica com informação funcional.Enquanto a Tomografia por Emissão de Positrões (PET) fornece informações específicas acerca do metabolismo, estudos de Imagiologia por Ressonância Magnética incluem formas anatómicas com elevado contraste, destacando-se o seu desempenho na distinção de tecidos moles. Desta forma, a combinação das duas técnicas fornece parâmetros funcionais combinados com informação espacial adicional. Neste projecto, pretendemos desenvolver uma interface gráfica para a automatização do co-registo de imagens obtidas em estudos de RPC-PET pré-clínico com images de MR animal de forma eficiente. A análise dos pacotes de software disponíveis para este propósito foi feita tendo em conta a amplitude de funcionalidades, a extensibilidade, a portabilidade entre plataformas, o tipo de licença e a possibilidade de aplicação em meio clínico. A plataforma de desenvolvimento do Interactive Data Language (IDL) destacou-se sobre os seus pares cumprindo todos pos requisitos necessários para o desenvolvimento deste projecto. O desenvolvimento do algoritmo de co-registro teve por base o método de medição de pontos de referência, usando a intensidade e a posição dos centroides dos cinco marcadores fiduciais colocados na cama usada em ambos os equipamentos de aquisição de imagem. A matriz da transformação de registo é determinada pela minimização da métrica de semelhança através de um processo de optimização, e aplicada ao volume de RCP-PET. Uma interface gráfica interactiva permite a visualização e manipulação dos volumes co-registados. O algoritmo de fusão foi aplicado a diferentes casos clínicos de imagiologia animal, adquiridos com e sem ratinhos marcados com diferentes radionuclídeos. O desemplenho do programa foi validado qualitativa e quantitativamente, tendo-se obtido um valor médio de TRE (Erro de registo relativamente ao volume alvo) de 1.906 mm. A avaliação das volumes resultantes do processo indica como principal fonte de erro o método de identificação do limiar de intensidade. Por último, foram feitas algumas considerações relativas a potencias melhorias do método desenvolvido.
Medical imaging is one of the most common resources in medicine, where the main applications are within disease diagnosis and monitoring of treatment. Images obtained resorting to two different procedures of medical imaging show considerable advantages when compared with single methods, as both anatomical and functional information are provided with more accuracy. While positron emission tomography (PET) provides a specific metabolic signal, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) includes anatomical information with superior soft-tissue contrast: the combination of the two methods provides functional parameters and additional spatial information. In this work, we aim at developing a graphical interface for automating the co-registration of images obtained through a pre-clinical RPC-PET system and its image fusion with an animal magnetic resonance system efficiently. Software comparisons were performed considering the breadth of functionality, extensibility, cross-platform portability, and non-restrictive software license, as well as future applicability in clinical settings. It was considered that the Interactive Data Language (IDL) software development package is the one that best fits the current project. The co-registration algorithm is based on the landmarks measurements method grounded on the pixel intensity and the location of the centroids of the five artificial fiducial markers placed on the examination bed used on the two acquisition equipment. The registration transformation is determined by the minimization of the feature-based metrics. After this optimization process, the source image (RCP-PET) is transformed and interpolated. The merged volumes are displayed in a GUI that allows basic volume manipulation steps. The performance of the co-registration was evaluated by testing the algorithm in different datasets acquired with and without small animals (mice) labeled with several radionuclides. The registration results were qualitative and quantitative validated and for the 19 studies successfully merged the mean value for TRE (Target Registration Error) was 1.906 mm. The results obtained suggest that the major error source is related to the fiducial markers and the routine for threshold identification. Finally, considerations on potential improvements to the method are made.
Baydack, Richard Stephen. "Pre-clinical changes during scrapie disease progression in hamsters, detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3131.
Full textFebruary 2009
Yu, Jyun-gong, and 于峻功. "Complementary coded excitation for Improvement of Doppler Sensitivity in Pre-clinical Ultrasonic Imaging System." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53872233935062296584.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
102
Coded excitation can improve the SNR by utilizing elongated waveform to increase the transmit energy. Besides, the axial resolution can be restored by pulse compressing the received echo. Thus, it can be used to enhance the sensitivity of Doppler flow estimation which it is often compromised by the weak blood flow scattering. Also, it could increase the penetration depth of high frequency ultrasound limitation which is resulted from frequency attenuation. The Golay Complementary Sequence (GCS) has the advantages of low range side lobe and low implementation cost, it is conventionally regarded as not applicable to blood flow detection because of potential motion artifact. In the GCS, the spectral difference of the main-lobe signal and the side-lobe signal is half of the pulse-repetition-frequency (PRF). Based on this property, it can be performed by decoding the received echoes with a low-pass filter whose cut-off frequency is PRF/4 in the slow-time domain to eliminate the motion artifact. Also, the performance of this technique has been verified in previous study. In this research, the PRF/4 filtering has been implemented in a high frequency ultrasound imaging system. The high frequency ultrasound imaging system is widely used in pre-clinical research to provide the flow information. We validate the efficacy of the Doppler flow image quality and SNR using in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. The in-vitro experiment shows that the SNR and the sensitivity could be improved while the different Doppler frequency shifts within ±PRF/4. Furthermore, aliasing occurs when the main-lobe signal is beyond the limit of ±PRF/4. The in-vivo experiment demonstrates that the sensitivity difference of the Right Common Carotid Artery of the mouse is not obvious because the acquisition frames from diastole and systole are not the same. In the kidney vessel, the depth of the flow detection could be increased in the vein of the kidney vessel, but the higher velocity in the artery of the kidney vessel causes aliasing. The abdominal aorta is the deepest vessel in the mouse. Conventionally, the flow estimation is not achievable when the transmit frequency is higher than 30MHz. However, when the transmit signal is GCS, the sensitivity can be as good as the conventional method even with the transmit frequency of 35MHz.
Wang, Wei-Ting, and 王瑋婷. "Utilization of molecular imaging in monitoringand evaluating pre-clinical effects ofTaiwanofungus camphoratus on cancer treatmentand its potential in cancer reversion." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63666905562981766822.
Full text臺北醫學大學
生物醫學材料研究所
95
The fruiting body of Taiwanofungus camphoratus is well known in Taiwan as “niu-chang chih” or “jang-jy”. The objective of this research is to identify the bioactive compounds in Taiwanofungus camphoratus’s ethanol extract from solid-state growen with cancer reversion and anti-tumor activities. This non-invasive molecular imaging is useful in assessing tumor volume in vivo. By treating H441GL cells ( human non-small lungs cancer cells ) and HeLa cells ( human cervical cancer cells ) with ethanol extracts of Taiwanofungus camphoratus for 48 hrs. The ethanol extract was found to possess the highest anti-tumor activities with the IC50 values of 100?慊/ml and 300 ?慊/ml, respectively. Data from flow cytometry analysis indicated that Taiwanofungus camphoratus-mediated antiproliferation effect related to G0/G1 phase arrest on H441 cells. Moreover, this Taiwanofungus camphoratus –induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest was associated with decrease the expression levels of cyclin A and increase in cyclin D2、cyclinE proteins . Dose-dependent treatment of H441GL cells with Taiwanofungus camphorate resulted in the inhibition of cell migration and commitment to cell necrosis. Taiwanofungus camphoratus induced tumorigenic HeLa cells to revert back to a normal-like phenotypic state (cancer reversion), such as the loss of alkaline phosphatase expression. This reversion was associated with the down- regulation of E7 oncoproteins and subsequent reactivation of p53/pRB gene. In vivo animal tumorigenicity studies were demonstrated that Taiwanofungus camphorates was effective inhibited tumor grow. These results suggest that Taiwanofungus camphorates may be used as a potent agent for cancer therapy.
(8781065), Daniel R. McIlrath. "A STUDY OF RADIATION-INDUCED PULMONARY FIBROSIS (RIPF) IN MOUSE MODELS USING DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textRadiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common condition in the setting of lung and breast cancer. Often, patients who suffer from RILI experience pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis months after treatment. These pathologies have commonly been modeled using mice and observing their deterioration until mortality and quantifying pathology on histological sections.
With this study, we used a longitudinal microCT and a 7T MRI to characterize male C57Bl/6 mice irradiated with a single dose of 20 Gy to the whole thoracic area delivered by an X-Rad cabinent irradiator. CT was performed with a respiratory gating sequence at 2 week timepoints to construct an RIPF model. The fraction of RIPF to total lung volume was calculated at each time point from images, and the data was anaylzed using one-way ANOVA Welch and Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons tests. Tidal lung volumes were also calculated and anlyazed in a simlar manner. Mice were then imaged using MRI and CT at 0, 5, and 8 week timepoints to compare results. These results were analyzed for comparison (ANOVA and Dunnett’s T3) and correlation (Pearson’s r) with each other. Histology was later performed using H&E and Trichrome stains to provide ex-vivo verification of pathology. At the 10-12 week time point ( ) significant RIPF formed. Weeks proceeding showed increased significance until the 22+ week timepoint, which showed less statistical significance ( ) due to increased variance at this timepoint. Dunnett’s T3 test showed no significant differences between tidal lung volumes over time. Tests also showed no significant differences between CT and MRI results with a correlation coefficient of . Early in the study, problems arose when pre-marture mortality was occurring to a significant portion of our subjects. Analysis later showed issues during irradiation that resulted in significant dose being absorbed by the stomach. Adjusting our shiedling lead to increased early survival of our subjects enabling us to contine our study. Significant RIPF development was not significant until 10-12 weeks post-irradiation, then RIPF became more severe at proceeding timepoints. Tidal lung volume showed no significant deviation over the development of RIPF. This result is most likely affected by the variation of results at later timepoints, since several mice with severe RIPF were significantly hindered in their ability to breathe during the study. MRI results showed close correlation with CT results and prodcued similar values at early timepoints. However, noticeable differences were seen at later timepoints when significant RIPF developed ( ).
McCormick, Patrick Neil. "Pre-clinical evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an agonist positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for imaging of the high-affinity state of the dopamine D2 receptor." 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=442230&T=F.
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