Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pratt truss

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Pratt truss'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pratt truss"

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Lim, Chisung, Seung-Ho Choi, Jae Yuel Oh, Sun-Jin Han, Moon-Sung Lee, and Kang Su Kim. "Shear Behavior of Concrete Encased Steel Truss Composite Girders." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041569.

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In this study, experimental tests were performed to evaluate the shear performance of encased steel truss (EST) composite girders that can resist loads at construction and composite stages. Four full-scale EST composite girders were fabricated, where the truss type (Pratt truss and Warren truss) and presence of stirrups were set as main test variables. The test results showed that in specimens applied with the Pratt truss, horizontal shear cracking occurring along the interface between concrete and steel was the dominant failure mode. Based on the crack pattern and failure plane observed from the test, the horizontal shear strengths of the Pratt truss specimens were calculated, which provided conservative results. On the other hand, in the specimens with the Warren truss inside, the strengths of the specimens were governed by the shear failure occurring in the screw rod connecting the truss elements prior to the yielding of the diagonal member. The shear strengths of the Warren truss specimens calculated based on the shear failure of the screw rod were similar to that obtained from the test.
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Benyamin, Putu Axel, Jonie Tanijaya, and Benny Kusuma. "Perencanaan Struktur Cantilever Bentang Panjang Menggunakan Rangka Pratt Truss." Paulus Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52722/pcej.v4i1.378.

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In designing a truss cantilever structure with a predetermined long span, it will certainly look for a model of long-span structure with a profile that is able to withstand the given load. This can be done by planning a model of the pratt truss long-span structure. The main purpose of this final task is to produce a design of a long-span cantilever structure that is part of a unique building using a pratt truss model. The long-span pratt truss cantilever structure is analyzed using the MDSolids v.4.1.0 program to compute the inner forces working on each component of the designed frame structure, while the STAAD Pro Connect v.22 program analyzes the deformation of the design cantilever structure profile. The planning of this long-span cantilever structure is designed with reference to SNI 1727:2020 on minimum design load and related criteria for buildings and other structures, and SNI 1729:2020 on specifications for structural steel buildings. The result of the planning obtained is the dimensions of the beam bar profile needed. Pratt truss long-span structure is able for used as a cantilever long-span structure. This is seen from the results of calculations using computer programs where the pratt truss model has a deformation/deflection structure that occurs not exceeding the specified limit, and the results of the profile design used safely in receiving loads, although the results of calculation analysis there are the most critical rod elements in withstanding the load of the axial force of the press, namely the t1 and b2 rods. While the most critical rods in withstanding the load of axial force pull are the rods d1 and a1.English translation.
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Kadir, Hamdan, Hanafi Ashad, and Zainuddin . "Studi Model Struktur Rangka Baja Jembatan." Journal of Applied Civil and Environmental Engineering 1, no. 2 (October 13, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/jacee.v2i1.2958.

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penulis menganalisis berbagai macam model struktur rangka baja jembatan yang sering digunakan, diantaranya Howe Truss,Pratt Truss, Warren Truss, K Truss dan Baltimore Truss. Dari kelima model yang ditinjau, penulis menganalisis dari berbagai aspek dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan gaya–gaya dalam dan deformasi serta mendapatkan perbandingan berat total dan mendapatkan model struktur rangka baja terbaik serta efisien.
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Kennedy, D. J. Laurie, Charles Albert, and Robert A. MacCrimmon. "Inelastic incremental analysis of an industrial Pratt truss." Engineering Structures 22, no. 2 (February 2000): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(98)00104-7.

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Widiasanti, Irika, Adhi Purnomo, and Arif Budiman. "PERBANDINGAN VOLUME KEBUTUHAN MATERIAL KUDA-KUDA RANGKA ATAP BAJA TIPE PRATT, HOWE, COMPOUND FAN." Menara: Jurnal Teknik Sipil 7, no. 1 (January 9, 2012): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jmenara.v7i1.7942.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kebutuhan material baja pada kuda-kuda bentuk Pratt truss, Howe Truss, danCompound Fan Truss sehingga dapat diketahui jumlah penggunaan kebutuhan material baja terkecil. Penelitian ini akan membandingkantiga tipe kuda-kuda pada panjang bentangan 24 m. Perhitungan gaya batang pada kuda-kuda menggunakanprogram SAP 2000 yang didasarkan oleh beban mati, beban hidup, dan beban angin yang bekerja pada struktur kuda-kuda sesuai denganSNI-03-1727-1989 tentang Tata Cara Pembebanan Untuk Rumah dan Gedung. Data perhitungan gaya batang didapat, selanjutnya ditentukanjenis profil baja yang sesuai dengan besarnya gaya dan jenis batang yang berkerja yaitu batang tarik dan tekan. Perhitungan dimensi profilpada batang kuda-kuda dilakukan sesuai dengan SNI 03-1729-2002 tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Struktur Baja Untuk BangunanGedung.Berat parameter profil di setiap batang kemudian dikalikan dengan panjangnya sehingga diketahui volume material baja yang diperlukan dalam satuan kilogram(kg). Volume seluruh batang dijumlahkan dan kemudian dibandingkan dengan bentuk kuda-kudayang lainnya.Perbandingan dilakukan untuk mendapatkan bentuk kuda-kuda yang paling sedikit menggunakan bahan material baja.Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pada bentang 24 m bentuk kuda-kuda Compound Fan Truss memiliki jumlah kebutuhan materialbaja terkecil yaitu sebesar 1220,51 kg. Kuda-kuda Howe Truss memiliki jumlah kebutuhan pemakaian material baja dengan nilai sebesar1870,12 kg, sedangkan kuda-kuda Bentuk Pratt Truss memiliki jumlah kebutuhan material baja terbesar pada bentang ini yaitu 2112,37 kg.
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Kamiński, Marcin, and Rafał Błoński. "Analytical and Numerical Reliability Analysis of Certain Pratt Steel Truss." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 2901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062901.

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The main aim of this paper was to propose a new reliability index for steel structure assessment and to check it using the example of a popular Pratt truss girder. Structural analysis was completed in the finite element method system Autodesk ROBOT, and probabilistic analysis was implemented in the computer algebra software MAPLE. The stochastic finite element method (SFEM) was contrasted here with the Monte Carlo simulation and the girder span was selected as the input structural uncertainty source. Both methods were based on the same structural polynomial response functions determined for extreme deformation, for extreme stresses and also for the structural joint exhibiting the largest effort. These polynomials were statistically optimized during the additional least squares method experiments. The first four basic probabilistic characteristics of the structural responses, the first-order reliability method (FORM) index, and as the new proposition for this index were computed and presented. This new index formula follows the relative probabilistic entropy model proposed by Bhattacharyya. The computer analysis results presented here show a very strong coincidence of both probabilistic numerical techniques and confirms the applicability of the new reliability index for the input coefficient of variation not larger than 0.15. These studies should be continued for other engineering systems’ reliability and, particularly, for large-scale and multiscale computer simulations. The results presented in this paper may serve in different applied sciences, from biology through to econometrics, experimental physics and, of course, various branches of engineering.
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Istiono, Heri, and Jaka Propika. "Analisa Non-Linier Pada Mekanisme Keruntuhan Jembatan Rangka Baja Tipe Pratt." Borneo Engineering : Jurnal Teknik Sipil 1, no. 2 (December 25, 2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/be.v1i2.604.

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Steel truss bridge collapse often occurs, both in Indonesia and in other countries. As a result of the collapse of the bridge is in addition to the casualties also losses from the financial aspects. This collapse caused due to various factors, one of them because of a decrease in the strength of the bridge structure. To minimize required maintenance of the bridge's collapse and to facilitate the maintenance of one of them must be known failure mechanisms existing bridges. In the analysis of this collapse, will be modeled steel truss bridge pratt’s type with long spans is 60 meters. Analysis of the collapse of the steel truss bridge's, utilizing a pushover analysis to analyze the behavior of the bridge structure. Pushover analysis done with give vertical static load pattern at the structure, next gradually increase by a factor until one vertical displacement target of the reference point is reached. The study shows that at model singe span failure occurred on the chord on mid span. The performance level of structure shows all models of bridges in the state are IO, this case based on the target displacement FEMA 356 and the actual ductility occurs in all models of bridges is compliant with SNI 2833-2008.
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Laurendeau, Matt, Paul J. Barr, Arek Higgs, Marv W. Halling, Marc Maguire, and Robert W. Fausett. "Live-Load Response of a 65-Year-Old Pratt Truss Bridge." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 29, no. 6 (December 2015): 04014168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000655.

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Widjajakusuma, Jack, and Helen Wijaya. "Effect of Geometries on the Natural Frequencies of Pratt Truss Bridges." Procedia Engineering 125 (2015): 1149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.144.

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Sahoo, Debarshi, Soham De, and Purnachandra Saha. "Selection of Appropriate Roof Truss Configuration for an Industrial Shed." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.528.

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With the industrial development in recent years, the need of huge industrial sheds has increased where structural optimization and cost are the two major aspects of design. Trusses are triangular formations of steel sections in which the members are generally, subjected to axial forces due to external load. For industrial sheds, the truss configurations commonly used are Pratt, Howe, Warren and Fink truss. All of these truss configurations have their own structural advantages depending upon shapes and member arrangements. The aim of this study is to compare these trusses to select the optimal truss configuration for a particular span of 30m. The length of the bottom chord members of trusses are varied keeping the overall truss height, inclination angle, span, structure length, spacing and external load same, for all configurations. The analysis has been conducted using Tekla software. It is observed that Howe truss configuration with 12 divisions of bottom chord provide best selection based on weight of truss and connections. This paper helps the designer to select an appropriate truss of span 30m, considering the safety, self-weight, truss configuration and economical point of view.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pratt truss"

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Smith, Megan C. "An analysis of secondary stresses in steel parallel chord Pratt trusses." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1399.

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Laurendeau, Matthew P. "Live-Load Testing and Finite-Element Analysis of a Steel Cantilever Deck Arched Pratt Truss Bridge for the Long-Term Bridge Performance Program." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/904.

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The Long Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) program is an organization within the Federal Highway Administration that inspects, tests, analyzes, and observes, for an extended period of time, a variety of bridge types throughout the United States. Part of the program includes periodic testing of select bridges of a span of 20 years. The Kettle River Bridge located outside of Sandstone, Minnesota was selected for study due to its unique design. The Kettle River Bridge is a historical steel cantilevered deck arched Pratt truss bridge. The bridge was instrumented with 151 strain gauges on various floor and truss members along with eight displacement gauges strategically placed along the truss. All gauges were read simultaneously as the bridge underwent non-destructive live loading. The recorded gauge readings were analyzed to determine bridge behavior and then used in the assistance of calibrating a working finite-element model. After a working model was verified the distribution factors for the interior and exterior floor stringers were determined. By using the controlling distribution factor, a load rating for the bridge was determined for both inventory and operating. The distribution factors and load ratings determined using the working finite-element model were then compared to the AAHSTO LRFD specifications.
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Humphreys, Matthew. "Development and structural investigation of monocoque fibre composite trusses." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15898/1/Matthew_Humphreys_Thesis.pdf.

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Fibre composite materials are gaining recognition in civil engineering applications as a viable alternative to traditional materials. Their migration from customary automotive, marine, aerospace and military industries into civil engineering has continued to gain momentum over the last three decades as new civil engineering applications develop. The use of fibre composite materials in civil engineering has now evolved from non-structural applications, such as handrails and cladding, into primary structural applications such as building frames, bridge decks and concrete reinforcement. However, there are issues which are slowing the use of fibre composite materials into civil engineering. Issues include high costs, difficulties in realising potential benefits, general lack of civil engineers' familiarity with the material and relatively little standardisation in the composites industry. For composites to truly offer a viable alternative to traditional construction materials in the civil engineering marketplace, it is essential that these issues be addressed. It is proposed that this situation could be improved by demonstrating that potential benefits offered by composites can be achieved with familiar civil engineering forms. These forms must be well suited to fibre composite materials and be able to produce safe and predictable civil engineering structures with existing structural engineering methods. Of the numerous structural forms currently being investigated for civil engineering applications, the truss form appears particularly well suited to fibre composites. The truss is a familiar structural engineering form which possesses certain characteristics that make it well suited to fibre composite materials. In this research a novel monocoque fibre composite truss concept was developed into a working structure and investigated using analytical and experimental methods. To the best of the author's knowledge the research presented in this thesis represents the first doctoral research into a structure of this type. This thesis therefore presents the details of the development of the monocoque fibre composite (MFC) truss concept into a working structure. The developed MFC truss was used as the basis for a detailed investigation of the structural behaviour of the MFC truss elements and the truss as a whole. The static structural behaviour of the principal MFC truss elements (tension members, compression members and joints) was investigated experimentally and analytically. Physical testing required the design and fabrication of a number of novel test rigs. Well established engineering principles were used along with complex finite element models to predict the behaviour of the tested truss elements and trusses. Results of the theoretical analysis were compared with experimental results to determine how accurately their static structural behaviour could be predicted. It was found that the static structural behaviour of all three principal truss elements could be accurately predicted with existing engineering methods and finite element analysis. The knowledge gained from the investigation of the principal truss elements was then used in an investigation of the structural behaviour of the MFC truss. Three full-scale MFC trusses were fabricated in the form of conventional Pratt, Howe and Warren trusses and tested to destruction. The investigation included detailed finite element modelling of the full-scale trusses and the results were compared to the full-scale test results. Results of the investigation demonstrated that the familiar Pratt, Howe and Warren truss forms could be successfully manufactured with locally available fibre composite materials and existing manufacturing technology. The static structural behaviour of these fibre composite truss forms was accurately predicted with well established engineering principles and finite element analysis. A successful marriage between fibre composite materials and a civil engineering structure has been achieved. Monocoque fibre composite trusses have been developed in the familiar Pratt, Howe and Warren truss forms. These structures possess characteristics that make them well suited to applications as primary load bearing structures.
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Humphreys, Matthew. "Development and Structural Investigation of Monocoque Fibre Composite Trusses." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15898/.

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Fibre composite materials are gaining recognition in civil engineering applications as a viable alternative to traditional materials. Their migration from customary automotive, marine, aerospace and military industries into civil engineering has continued to gain momentum over the last three decades as new civil engineering applications develop. The use of fibre composite materials in civil engineering has now evolved from non-structural applications, such as handrails and cladding, into primary structural applications such as building frames, bridge decks and concrete reinforcement. However, there are issues which are slowing the use of fibre composite materials into civil engineering. Issues include high costs, difficulties in realising potential benefits, general lack of civil engineers' familiarity with the material and relatively little standardisation in the composites industry. For composites to truly offer a viable alternative to traditional construction materials in the civil engineering marketplace, it is essential that these issues be addressed. It is proposed that this situation could be improved by demonstrating that potential benefits offered by composites can be achieved with familiar civil engineering forms. These forms must be well suited to fibre composite materials and be able to produce safe and predictable civil engineering structures with existing structural engineering methods. Of the numerous structural forms currently being investigated for civil engineering applications, the truss form appears particularly well suited to fibre composites. The truss is a familiar structural engineering form which possesses certain characteristics that make it well suited to fibre composite materials. In this research a novel monocoque fibre composite truss concept was developed into a working structure and investigated using analytical and experimental methods. To the best of the author's knowledge the research presented in this thesis represents the first doctoral research into a structure of this type. This thesis therefore presents the details of the development of the monocoque fibre composite (MFC) truss concept into a working structure. The developed MFC truss was used as the basis for a detailed investigation of the structural behaviour of the MFC truss elements and the truss as a whole. The static structural behaviour of the principal MFC truss elements (tension members, compression members and joints) was investigated experimentally and analytically. Physical testing required the design and fabrication of a number of novel test rigs. Well established engineering principles were used along with complex finite element models to predict the behaviour of the tested truss elements and trusses. Results of the theoretical analysis were compared with experimental results to determine how accurately their static structural behaviour could be predicted. It was found that the static structural behaviour of all three principal truss elements could be accurately predicted with existing engineering methods and finite element analysis. The knowledge gained from the investigation of the principal truss elements was then used in an investigation of the structural behaviour of the MFC truss. Three full-scale MFC trusses were fabricated in the form of conventional Pratt, Howe and Warren trusses and tested to destruction. The investigation included detailed finite element modelling of the full-scale trusses and the results were compared to the full-scale test results. Results of the investigation demonstrated that the familiar Pratt, Howe and Warren truss forms could be successfully manufactured with locally available fibre composite materials and existing manufacturing technology. The static structural behaviour of these fibre composite truss forms was accurately predicted with well established engineering principles and finite element analysis. A successful marriage between fibre composite materials and a civil engineering structure has been achieved. Monocoque fibre composite trusses have been developed in the familiar Pratt, Howe and Warren truss forms. These structures possess characteristics that make them well suited to applications as primary load bearing structures.
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Book chapters on the topic "Pratt truss"

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Failla, Mark L. "HORMONAL REGULATION OF MANGANESE METABOLISM11Grants from the USDA Competitive Research Grants Program (5901-0410-9-0290), the John L. Pratt Animal Nutrition Program at VPI & SU and the Thomas and Kate M. Jeffress Trust Fund supported studies in the author's laboratory." In Manganese in Metabolism and Enzyme Function, 93–105. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-629050-9.50011-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pratt truss"

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Laurendeau, Matt, Paul J. Barr, Arek Higgs, and Marvin W. Halling. "Live-Load Testing of a Steel Cantilevered Deck Arched Pratt Truss Bridge." In Structures Congress 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479117.115.

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Wang, Zhe, Lin Shen, and Ming-Zhou Su. "Experiment on hysteretic behavior of steel staggered Pratt truss structure under cyclic load." In 2015 International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics (ICMM2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814699143_0148.

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Wang, Zhe, Lin Shen, and Ming-Zhou Su. "Finite element analysis on hysteretic behavior of steel staggered Pratt truss structure under cyclic load." In 2015 International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics (ICMM2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814699143_0149.

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Dues, Joseph Francis. "Applying Statics to Community Examples." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14593.

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Most statics courses begin with a considerable amount of abstract discussion of forces and vectors. Since the mechanical engineering technology department's goal is to focus on practical, concrete instruction methods, the faculty has been working to expose students to more exercises that involve the practical application of statics to daily life. For the statics curriculum, a laboratory was developed that investigates the use of trusses in the surrounding community. Each truss is examined to determine its primary purpose, its type and any unique design features. Small groups discuss each example qualitatively (quantitative analysis of the forces in the truss is not performed) and then the whole class meets to compare the results. The trusses include the following: • Sherman Minton Bridge - Double arch truss. • K&I Railroad Bridge - Parker and Warren through trusses with a swing section and a cantilevered road deck parallel with the tracks. • Pedestrian Bridge - Pratt truss. • Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge - Combination of Parker through trusses over shipping lanes with Warren deck trusses. • Clark Memorial Bridge - Cantilever truss. Since each truss serves a similar transportation purpose, each truss is compared to the others to determine why its particular design was chosen. This paper describes each example and the effects the exercise had on student learning. This includes discussion of: increased interest by relating statics to daily experiences, experience with reverse engineering, practice identifying members in tension and compression, comparison of a standard truss with a cantilever truss bridge and recognition of changing design practices as technology changes over the years. Lastly is a description of the assessment, evaluation and planned improvements to the truss laboratory.
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Fenu, Luigi, and Giuseppe C. Marano. "Steel Truss-Type Arches Optimization Under Multi-Load Cases." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1338.

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<p>Structural optimization of arches under multi-load cases is faced. For this aim, truss-type arches are to be considered because, under different load cases, bending effects unavoidably occur in single-rib arches shaped under one load case only. An effective procedure for simultaneous topology, shape and size optimization of truss-arches under multi-load cases is proposed. For this aim, shape, size and topology variables are assembled in a unique set of variables that are simultaneously optimised by the optimization algorithm. For given Pratt-type brace pattern, different topologies have been considered by varying the node number, whereas Cubic Rational Bézier curves have been used to shape the arch chords. Optimum diameter and thickness of the circular hollow section members was also obtained. Optimization was performed in MATLAB environment, by applying a modified Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm implemented with a Constraint Domination Selection (CDS) criterion. For each design variable vector, a FEM analysis of the resulting model has been carried out by SAP2000 to evaluate the objective function value (volume) feasibility of each design variable vector in terms of structural performance. Optimal solutions have been found and compared, providing useful suggestions to consider as guidelines in truss-arche design.</p>
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Zhang, Yan, Fugui Liu, Youhua Wang, Rongmei Liu, and Yanan Li. "Using a coupled transmission line network approach to calculate the transient current in lightning protection system of a Pratt Truss Bridge." In 2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iclp.2014.6973349.

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Costley, R. Daniel, Henry Diaz-Alvarez, and Mihan H. McKenna. "Vibrational and Acoustical Analysis of Trussed Railroad Bridge Under Moving Loads." In ASME 2012 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2012-1490.

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A Finite Element model has been developed for a Pratt truss railroad bridge located at Ft. Leonard Wood, MO. This model was used to investigate the vibration responses of a bridge under vehicle loading. Modeling results have been obtained for a single axle with two wheels traversing the bridge at different speeds. The current model does not include the effects of vehicle suspension. Superposition of multiple axles has been used to represent a locomotive transiting the bridge. The output of the vibration response was used as an input to an acoustic FE model to determine which vibrational modes radiate infrasound. The vibration and acoustic models of the railroad bridge will be reviewed, and results from the analysis will be presented. Measurements from an accelerometer mounted on the bridge agree reasonably well with model results. Infrasound could potentially be used to remotely provide information on the capacity and number of the vehicles traversing the bridge and to monitor the bridge for significant structural damage.
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Fong, Jeffrey T., James J. Filliben, N. Alan Heckert, Roland deWit, and Barry Bernstein. "Robust Engineering Design for Failure Prevention." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61602.

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To advance the state of the art of engineering design, we introduce a new concept on the “robustness” of a structure by measuring its ability to sustain a sudden loss of a part without causing an immediate collapse. The concept is based on the premise that most structures have built-in redundancy such that when the loss of a single part leads to a load redistribution, the “crippled” structure tends to seek a new stability configuration without immediate collapse. This property of a “robust” structure, when coupled with a continuous or periodic inspection program using nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques, is useful in failure prevention, because such structure is expected to display “measurable” signs of “weakening” long before the onset of catastrophic failure. To quantify this “robustness” concept, we use a large number of simulations to develop a metric to be named the “Robustness Index (RBI).” To illustrate its application, we present two examples: (1) the design of a simple square grillage in support of a water tank, and (2) a classroom model of a 3-span double-Pratt-truss bridge. The first example is a “toy” problem, which turned out to be a good vehicle to test the feasibility of the RBI concept. The second example is taken from a textbook in bridge design (Tall, L., Structural Steel Bridge, 2nd ed., page 99, Fig. 4.3(b), Ronald Press, New York NY, 1974). It is not a case study for failure analysis, but a useful classroom exercise in an engineering design course. Significance and limitations of this new approach to catastrophic failure avoidance through “robust” design, are discussed.
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