Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pratiques professionnelles et numérique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Pratiques professionnelles et numérique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Merlet, Elise. "L'intégration du Tableau Numérique Interactif aux pratiques professionnelles des enseignants de FLE : fonctions pour les stratégies d'enseignement et reconfigurations pédagogiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2042.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to examine the uses of the interactive whiteboard in the context of teaching-learning French as a foreign language and to question the criteria of teachers when they decide to use, or not to use, the IWB in the context of their professional activity. This study places teachers' actions and reflections at the heart of observation and analysis by examining the various components of the process of organizing and developing their professional activity. One of the objectives of this work is to understand what conditions the uses of a new tool such as the IWB as well as the instrumentation of pedagogical practices by giving voice to practitioners and by analysing the manifestations of their professionalism. The analysis focuses on (1) the uses of the IWB and the format of the didactic interactions instrumented with this tool, (2) the potential of the interactive whiteboard that teachers identify, or do not identify, for serving their teaching approaches, (3) challenges inherent in integrating this tool into the professional activity of teachers. The study presents mixed results as regards to the possibilities of acting in class with the interactive whiteboard: although the teachers associate functionalities of the tool with teaching strategies, the identification of their potential for acting as a teacher remains subject to many conditions. This study wishes to contribute to the development of professional training for teachers by proposing avenues for reflection on the commitment of the reflexive competence of practitioners when considering the integration of a tool such as IWB into their teaching practices and educational reconfigurations associated with the instrumentation process
Michet, Florence. "Du CDI physique au CDI numérique : articulation des espaces documentaires réels et de l'offre numérique aux usagers." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30016.
Full textThis thinking process aims at perceiving the managerial, pedagogical and communication practices introduced by the school librarians in order to create links between the material and the digital school libraries. To the end, we have proceeded with a field survey in the south east of France : 41 school librarians (39 secondary school librarians and 2 high school librarians). Our investigation is organized in two successive periods : an exporatory study followed by a semi-structured interview. The established data has been analysed « step by step », relating the important moments of the participants : those which prove the routine and those which seem unusual. We have compared the words meaning, selecting the reccuring rationales in order to define the conjonctural and particular trends in some schools, leading to a double level. The school librarians appropriate digital tools according to their needs, possibilities and resources in absence of regulatory requirements. They are also constrainted by the school libraries, real documentary spaces they depend on. The current studies are interested in the purely pedagogical or digital aspects but they rarely connect the two facets. Therefore, how may the school librarian, torn between the institutional ordinances and the particular professional necessity, offer a service that could really and efficiently respond to the needs of the users considering its general management ?
Lombardo-Fiault, Bernard. "Collaboration numérique et nouvelles formes de visibilité professionnelle : proposition d’une méthodologie et d’un dispositif réflexif d’adoption des pratiques collaboratives." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080097/document.
Full text10 years after digital socio-collaborative platforms have released, it appears their use is still not generalized, not taken for granted ; the integration in professional environments seems difficult, despite the promise of efficiencies, despite the proximity of tools with traditional local office applications, despite the efforts particularly in consulting services which fail to perpetuate uses. This work demonstrates that a new form of visibility induced by sharing, which is the foundation of digital collaboration, can be a brake or a leverage for adoption, and that it should be taken into account in the change process; It also contributes to the knowledge of the collaborative paradigm by proposing a typology of uses based on their intrinsic and social value, an adoption methodology geared towards the local transformation of daily work practices (Get Collaboration Done!™), And an indicator of the “Value” of the collaborative behavior, which is figurated (and calculated) by an index determined according to algorithmic modalities (Collaboration-Index™)
Melhem, Hiba. "Usages et applications du web sémantique en bibliothèques numériques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL025/document.
Full textThis research work deals with the interdisciplinary field of the information and communication sciences (CIS) and aims to explore the use of the semantic web in digital libraries. The web requires libraries to rethink their organizations, activities, practices and services in order to reposition themselves as reference institutes for the dissemination of knowledge. In this thesis, we wish to understand the contexts of use of the semantic web in French digital libraries. It questions the contributions of the semantic web within these libraries, as well as on the challenges and the obstacles that accompany its implementation. We are also interested in documentary practices and their evolutions following the introduction of the semantic web in digital libraries. The problem is related to the role that information professionals can play in the implementation of the semantic web in digital libraries. After selecting 98 digital libraries following an analysis of three censuses, a questionnaire survey aims to collect data on the use of the semantic web in these libraries. Then, a second interview-based survey consists of highlighting the representations that the information professionals have of the semantic web and its use in the library, as well as on the evolution of their professional practices. The results show that the representation of knowledge within the semantic web requires human intervention to provide the conceptual framework to determine the links between the data. Finally, information professionals can become actors of the semantic web, in the sense that their roles are not limited to the use of the semantic web but also to the development of its standards to ensure better organization of knowledge
Ranjalahy, Stephan Mampianina Andriantsoa. "Pratiques informationnelles en milieu défavorisé : cas de professionnels à Madagascar." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083441.
Full textBernetière, Camille. "L’introduction d'outils numériques dans les offices de tourisme : Énonciations spatiales et pratiques des conseillers." Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG1164/document.
Full textThe emergence of a strong competitive environment between destinations compels tourist offices to stand out from one another so as to carry out their role of tourist information communication agencies. The present thesis argues that the spatio-communicational strategies implemented with digital equipment by tourist offices have a major impact on counselors’ guidelines for a trip. These strategies reproduce spatially the four basic components of a tourist office: territory, knowledge, customer relation, and digital tools. The study of these components and their spatial translation, especially in regard to their production, highlights three ideal types of spatio-communicational strategies: enticement, promotion and the claiming of identity. Lastly, the analysis of counsellors’ practices induced by space (as evidenced by their observations and retrospective testimonies) reveals a mutation of mission statements: influenced by spatial factors, counselors turn into ambassadors of the territory, experts of tourist happenings, or even digital mediators in their dealings with customers. Therefore, spatial enunciation has referred to all the possible techniques and strategies derived from spatialized relationships affecting communication
Cristia, Emilien. "Projet architectural et maquette numérique BIM : enquête ethnographique au sein d'un grand projet de construction." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC037.
Full textThe BIM approach has become a necessity for the building sector involving the realization of a new technical object : the digital model. The research is focused on the new manufacturing of this object and its praticals effects on the way to build, the reconfiguration of coordination practices and collective design between construction professionals. We also attempted to draw a new definition of theoretical boundaries of the architectural project. Our work is based on an ethnographic investigation carried out within a Major School Project recognized for its strong involvement in the BIM process. The investigation takes place on the heart of the construction phase of this project, during the execution summary meetings, between actors and objects. The analysis of this material mainly composed by observations and interviews carried out with the project stakeholders allows us to understand the different practical reorganizations linked to the collective production of this new digital model. This work also allows us to outline the perspectives of new digital project practices and to prefigure a theoretical evolution of the limits of the traditional architectural project
Housseau, Anne-Valérie. "Entre opportunités et stratégies d’apprentissages : l’auto-professionnalisation des formateurs à l'ère du numérique dans les organisations." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1197/document.
Full textFacing the effects of the digital revolution, organizations are evolving to offer new services to their customers, partners, suppliers and employees (online banking, dematerialized data, virtual spaces, etc.). New ways of working are emerging, favoring nomadism (working from home or remotely in connected rooms), managing transversal and international projects (tools and communication media) and e-learning or blended learning (alternation of face-to-face and online training). As a result of these digital transformations, the company trainers - internal to the organization or working in delivery - are forced to professionalize in digital training and enroll in various functions (project manager, designer, educational engineer, ...). This thesis questions the professionalization of digital trainers through the learning opportunities they identify in their environments (training, organizational and professional) and the learning strategies they are developing. The issue is about organizational and social learning in work environments. A case study of trainers from different organizations participating in the same "e-training" certification course, chosen for its representativeness, presents the learning strategies deployed by the trainers.This thesis defends the idea of a self-professionalization of digital trainers in the construction of learning ecosystems, in the light of a corporate culture (especially "learning") that they perceive within their organizations
Gaborieau, Yasmine Pécaud Dominique. ""Instinct maternel" et pratiques professionnelles." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/SFgaborieau.pdf.
Full textChoquet, Anastasia. "Le métier de programmateur musical à Radio France : analyse d’un groupe professionnel d’intermédiaires culturels de service public à l’ère du numérique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ASSA0075.
Full textAgainst a backdrop of crisis in cultural prescription, this thesis analyzes a professional group of public service cultural intermediaries, the music programmers at Radio France. Faced with the loss of audience for music radio stations, competition from streaming platforms and the introduction of digital technologies into the professional practices of music programming at Radio France, how are the boundaries of a public service professional group evolving ? Subjected to public service missions that give them an a priori singular role in the radio space - and more broadly in the cultural space - the study of the professional practices of Radio France's music programmers constitutes a fertile field of research for understanding the mutations of music prescription as well as the contemporary stakes of public service radio. From an interactionist perspective and with an inductive and comprehensive methodological approach, this work is based on an analysis of the "narratives of practice" of music programmers delivered in interviews, but also on interviews conducted with other professional groups involved in music programming at Radio France. Conducted between 2016 and the beginning of 2020, these interviews are complemented by the analysis of a corpus of contemporary official documents
Ben, Saad-Dusseaut Fatma. "Pratiques professionnelles du journalisme et représentations des victimes." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30063.
Full textThe representations of victims in the media were analyzed in more general researches on the social reactions to the crime, but more rarely in the intrinsic mechanisms of the relation media-victims; an interaction which, let us imagine, possesses his own dynamics. Our theoretical reflection took support on an approach which journalistic exercise is considered as material and symbolic production based on interactions and social standards. The social logics determine the functioning of the journalistic practices through the various forms of interactions and dependences between the journalists and the society to which they belong. These engender representations which result from interpretations elaborated by the journalists of the social environment. The media space which seems accessible to the victims is it, really, only for a certain type of victims. We assist, obviously, a media exploitation targeted by the suffering of the victims and the representations which they embody. Besides, the exaggerated attention carried to the victims contributes to provoke a discursive formatting where several media impose their own specific railings on the reading of the "reality" which is other one than the way she treats the subjects of their preoccupation. This media exploitation of the suffering knows in his turn a second political exploitation. From there, it is not surprising any more to confuse “true” and “false” victims since the media validation of the suffering, got back by a “political doggedness”, seems to get the upper hand over the judicial and\or medical pledge. We have to hope that the " media due skids " in the conformist treatment and compassionnel to these victims, stressed by evident trade and political interests, will allow a questioning of the journalistic practices. A return towards ethical rules, among which media and journalists will assure the application and the respect, seems inevitable
Fries, Cécile. "Géobiologie, fengshui et démarche environnementale dans l’habitat : pratiques professionnelles et représentations." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0057/document.
Full textToday, as french housing is becoming « sustainable », it is time to question ourselves about the practice of alternative conceptions, like geobiology and fengshui. Two points of view are at stake : professional pratices and representations of the relation between environment and human being. What are this practices and representations developed by geobiology and fengshui practioners ? What can these traditional conceptions tell us about the prevalent environmental approach ? Which connexions possibly exist between them ?Two situations seem to shap : the geobiology and fengshui practitioners would have a holist and monist perception of the environment-humain being relation, while the architects of the environmental approach would have a naturalist one. Three main corpus compound the empirical research : 45 interviews with practitioners, an analysis of 18 reference books, and an analysis of 9 archtectural projects, all coming from the three housing conceptions studied.Rupture biographic paths and near professional practices for the geobiology and fengshui, varied representations of environment and human being clustered around big types, existence of a « transfer » phenomenon wich leads to the definition of qualititve ad ethical ways of being, or « habitabilities », are the main results of this reseach. Geobiology and fengshui are certainly able to interrogate architectural and urban production, as our ecology. It was the final goal of this reseach, which lies on diferent sociology fields, and tries to propose a multidsciplinary look which aimes at the definition of a philosophy of live-in and a socio-anthropology of housing
Parent, Fanny. "Gouverner le bien être : travail des normes et mobilisations autour des pratiques professionnelles de la médecine chinoise en France." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10046.
Full textThis thesis analyses the power struggles and the rivalries surrounding the different practices of Chinese medicine (acupuncture, massage, pharmacopoeia, dietetics, qi gong). It examines how various professionals (from medical doctors to physiotherapists among others) struggle over the recognition, legitimation and hence institutionalization of their knowledge, trade and work tools. In order to distance ourselves from the way these actors frame their activity, we focus on the formation of a job market around Chinese medicine and the ways it has been gradually regulated over the years in a general context marked by the emergence of a government of wellness. Using a cross-disciplinary approach ranging from the sociology of health, work, professions and regulation to political science, we question the medical, political and social construction of health as a social problem. The first part of this dissertation analyses the appropriations of the different practices of Chinese medicine in France: first, we explore how a professional jurisdiction around acupuncture has gradually been created by medical doctors (Abbott, 1988); then, we look at its reclassification process as a well-being practice and forethought norm. The second part of the dissertation focuses on how practitioners engage in an unequally-regulated job market which is “under construction” and segmented in two fields: the one of medical professions and the one of independent workers excluded from thoseprofessions. The last part of the dissertation argues that the institutionalization and professional dynamics – the active work that professionals have to invest to maintain the boundaries – have to do with the practitioners’ involvement in associations, unions and political parties in separate but linked ecologies (Abbott, 2003)
Caselles-Desjardins, Brigitte. "Regards sur les pratiques en éducation des adultes perceptions d'enseignants en alphabétisation et pratiques professionnelles." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5609.
Full textMacaire, Élise. "L’architecture à l'épreuve de nouvelles pratiques : recompositions professionnelles et démocratisation culturelle." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1179.
Full textSince the early 1990s, architects' collectives have placed emphasis on alternative approaches to the traditional process used to develop architectural or urban projects. These collectives privilege small scale interventions that permit a greater involvement of local residents in the project through actions requiring few means. Simultaneously close to “activist” artists and community education practices, these architects propose methods that ally the teaching of creativity and democratic participation. As a result, the activism and joint production with the public seems to outline the contours of action models that, although marginal, are contributing to changing traditional values within the field of architecture. A new socialisation of the activity carried out by architects seems to be taking shape through these forms of professional commitment. The thesis is organised into three parts. The first presents an assessment of the socialisation of architecture through two particular aspects: the social history of the profession and the movement towards the democratisation of architecture. The second chapter aims to clarify the forms of professionalism developed by the collectives through a description of the associative operational methods and the various fields of action (social and artistic interventions or educative and participative actions). Finally, the third part explores the methods through which architects and artists develop new skills by expanding their specific fields of reference
Couturier, Yves. "Réflexivité, sens pratique et habitus, problématisation de la notion de pratiques professionnelles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0018/MQ46728.pdf.
Full textCouturier, Yves. "Réflexivité, sens pratique et habitus problématisation de la notion de pratiques professionnelles." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1998. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2090.
Full textWolf, Judith. "Des corps morts à l'hôpital : transformations des pratiques professionnelles et enjeux anthropologiques." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0422.
Full textThis dissertation studies the management of the dead in hospitals. By observing work practices in morgues, I intend to question how the hospital - and society - deals with the dead and their close ones. In the first part, which is based on ethnographic observation, I describe the itinerary of bodies and I show that they follow a sort of work chain, moving from one group of specialists to another. In the second part, I explore more specifically what workers in the morgue do and put their work in historical perspective. Their role became crucial towards the end of the 18th century when pathological anatomy became a science, and made post-mortem examination essential to medical research. Over the course of the 20th century, their role changed as death started to occur mostly in hospitals, and post-mortem examinations became less frequent. Changes in the role of morgue workers reflect the evolution and the place of the dead body in hospital medicine. The third part of this dissertation examines the role of public policies. I analyse how the social transformations of death - namely the transfer of death to hospital, the increase of human life- span and the legal and medical redefinitions of death - have been understood, and have hardly been politicized as such. Finally, I explore the ethical problems raised by the medical uses of the dead body by studying how the law has dealt with these questions
Blin, Jean-François. "Representations, identites et pratiques professionnelles des enseignants. Le cas de l'enseignement agricole." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20076.
Full textThis work deals with the professional representations, and it is a continuation of works whose theorical references belong to the field of the social psychology, put back in the problematics adapted to the ground of education. The relative autonomy of the problematical area requires the specification of the concept of the professional representation s and calls for the contextualisation of the identities and practices. Our thesis maintains that the differential study of the professional representations linked to social contextualised inscriptions informs of the way the actors and the groups build their multiple identities and forge a practical knowledge, allowing them to orientate themselves in the professional interactions. In the teaching field, the didactic practices necessarly ask the question of their finalities : who or what are we speaking for? who and what are we acting for? the interest of a specification of the professional representation for the field of teaching activities depends on its capacities of plural and contextualised readings of the practices and the identities which are on operation in the multiple interactions. The professional representations play a part in the construction of a knowledge shared in the groups, define multiple professional identities and orientate the didactic practices. The nature of the ties between the teaching representations and the didactic practices depends on the strength. Of the systems of power exerted on the situation and so on the part of autonomy the actor has in the situation the involvement of the collective practices showed by the teachers' involvements in their behaviour depends on the way they participate in collective decisions. The teachers' professionnal representations, reveal the existence of professions which are different in their aims, and invite to reflect the teachers' professionalisation not any more abou t the formation but as a permanent contextualised professional developpement
Winterfeld, Ursula. "Evaluation des pratiques professionnelles : utilisation des médicaments psychotropes chez l'enfant et l'adolescent." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05P641.
Full textThis thesis investigates prescribing practices of psychotropic medications in children and adolescents in various sectors of care (community setting, paediatric university hospital). We examined the proportion of children covered by the Caisse Régionale d’Assurance Maladie d’Ile-de-France who received antidepressants. We determined the extent of the use of unlicensed and off-label psychotropic medications in hôpital Robert Debré APHP. Furthermore, we analysed the use of psychopharmacotherapy in children and adolescents hospitalised in the psychiatry ward of hôpital Robert Debré APHP. We also presented monitoring and management strategies of psychotropic drug induced side effects in paediatric patients. Our clinical findings provide paediatric hospitals and psychiatric inpatient units with an opportunity to compare and discuss individual psychopharmacological practices
Couturier, Yves. "Réflexivité, sens pratique et habitus : problématisation de la notion de pratiques professionnelles." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Find full textRobin, Gazsity Vincent. "Usages du français et pratiques discursives dans les relations professionnelles sino-gabonaises." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2037/document.
Full textThis study is based on a corpus of interactions recorded during experience working in a Chinese company involve in public works and established in Gabon, in which Chinese employees and their Gabonese partners are using French language in their professional relationships. We will consider links between language practices and social practices related to commercial negotiations connected to the company’s activities, according to the discursive strategies perspectives. Firstly, we will analyse strategies produced by the configuration of the different variety of languages and related communication’s norms, used by Chinese employees having learned French in Africa with their Gabonese partners. Secondly, the study will focus on the discursive register produced by relationships between a Chinese employee and his Gabonese partner, and strategies related to discursive and pre-discursive phenomena, which appears in interactions between interpreters/translators of the Chinese company and their partners. Thirdly, we will consider the interpretation situations and study the influence of interactional and discursive phenomena on the translation for non-French speaker members of the executive staff and their partners, particularly in the public works ministry. This research uses different kind of sciences of language movement (variationism, interactional linguistic, discourse analyses) to describe new language practices appearing in the French speaking countries of Africa, and to consider these practices as social acts, involved in sino-african business relationships
Vidal, Marion. "Sortir des phytos en viticulture : pratiques professionnelles, action collective et normalisation environnementale." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20058/document.
Full textPesticides used in agriculture are a known environmental problematic fact. Despite the involvement of agriculture and the contribution of significant public funding, agri-environmental public policies deployed for over 40 years struggle to achieve their goals, where sustainable production systems remain convincing but marginal. Faced with this context, designing and spreading alternative techniques to chemicals remains a challenge for government and professionals. From case of a professional project aiming at removing herbicides in the South West of France vineyards, this thesis proposes to re-examine, through the prism of a sociology that pay attention to action (less than actors), the innovation capacity of agriculture and the responsiveness of public authorities about agri-environment, focusing on the analysis of professional collective action as a way of regulating environmental public issues, and considering its development out, in parallel, upstream or below established public policies offer. The research shows that in such conditions, objects, mobiles and collectives comprised by environmental action are heterogeneous, ambiguous, variable and flexible, throughout their discussions. Plurality and change situations emphasize as much unpredictability of collective action that impossibility of standardization, that are likely to call (on the contrary) differentiated institutional responses to the same environmental problem
Vidal, Marion. "Sortir des phytos en viticulture : pratiques professionnelles, action collective et normalisation environnementale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20058.
Full textPesticides used in agriculture are a known environmental problematic fact. Despite the involvement of agriculture and the contribution of significant public funding, agri-environmental public policies deployed for over 40 years struggle to achieve their goals, where sustainable production systems remain convincing but marginal. Faced with this context, designing and spreading alternative techniques to chemicals remains a challenge for government and professionals. From case of a professional project aiming at removing herbicides in the South West of France vineyards, this thesis proposes to re-examine, through the prism of a sociology that pay attention to action (less than actors), the innovation capacity of agriculture and the responsiveness of public authorities about agri-environment, focusing on the analysis of professional collective action as a way of regulating environmental public issues, and considering its development out, in parallel, upstream or below established public policies offer. The research shows that in such conditions, objects, mobiles and collectives comprised by environmental action are heterogeneous, ambiguous, variable and flexible, throughout their discussions. Plurality and change situations emphasize as much unpredictability of collective action that impossibility of standardization, that are likely to call (on the contrary) differentiated institutional responses to the same environmental problem
Bailly, Florence. "Les pratiques professionnelles des écrits électroniques entre technologie cognitive et technologie de communication." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUEL409.
Full textAfter having been pressed into clay, inscribed on papyrus and printed on paper writing, which dates back to about 3000 B. C. Has now found a new medium thanks to computer technology. The study of usages by staffs in tertiary industries leads to a dual approach. On one hand what is generally known as cognitive technology deals with the impact of electronic writing on the mechanics of learning and thinking, interacting with the development of professional knowledge. On the other hand communication technology deals with temporal and spatial issues, directly interacting with work environment
Jolonch, Anglada Anna. "Educateurs et enfance en risque : le regard, l'action et la réflexion dans les pratiques professionnelles." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081537.
Full textI began to ask questions when i became aware of a state of unease among social services teams in catalonia about the lack of definition of the role of the educator. The research materials are the result of my professional experience with educators. The first part of the thesis is connected with the transformations of society, the shattering of social unity and the proliferation of social problems (barel, castel). The epistemology of the research is permeated by the idea of an explosion of points of view and work on involvement as a means of production of knowledge (Ardoino, Canter Kohn, Devereux). Through an analysis of my research itinerary i show how that questioning has led me to change my point of view and shed any univocal vision. Through a way of thinking which revolves around a questioning of my way of looking at educators, i appropriate my place as practitioner-researcher and draw knowledge to create a device which invites educators themselves to call in question their way of looking at families in order to reappropriate their practice. The second part focuses on an analysis of the constitution in catalonia since the 80s of a social protection sector and the emergence of a representation of children at risk. We return to the educators and the institutionalisation of their function in the administration and professional qualification. The third part concentrates on an analysis of the materials (family dossiers, case histories, interviews, meetings and training sessions) which may clarify the way in which educators construct their categories in relation to the object and the profession and show that risk is a matter of relation and not of object. The point is not a definition of a model but the very possibility of educational action from positive globalising representations. Identity is still to be constructed, redefined and reinterpreted rather than given a priori
Le, Quentrec Yannick. "Les employés de bureau et le syndicalisme : héritage culturel, identités socio-professionnelles et pratiques d'action collective." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20017.
Full textThe object of our research is to study the workings of white-collar workers trades union activity as pertains to their cultural heritage and biographical development on the one hand and, on the other hand, the identity patterns characterising professional categories and the different types of trades union activity encoutered. Statistical figures were obtained by interviews conducted from a series of open questions to forty six white-collar workers in Cahors : the Banque populaire du Quercy et de l'Agenais, and the Centre départemental des impôts, and in Toulouse, the Caisse primaire d'assurance maladie. Workers trades union activity develops from a reappropriation process of political and union family traditions. However opinions are frequently modifies as a result of grouped and often contradictory first and professional experience. Motivations behind the union action of white-collar workers are characterised by their evolution and their complexity even if certain individuals tend towards one specific type of union action. Work perception as seen by white-collar workers is strongly affected by the important feminization of this professional group but is marked by a common desire for both sexes to personally invest more into their work
Boudrahem, Samir. "Pratiques professionnelles et d'organisation : entre permanence et changement. Approche monographique d'un établissement de santé, ex-sanatorium." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE29001.
Full textThe subject of social practice (be it at an individual or collective scale) continues a remarkable field of research. Although we are interested in the way they were elaborated and set in the daily work of the practitioners, our goal is to understand how and why such practices can go on for more or less long times in the life of people and establishments; in the contrary how and why other practices are more prone to evolve. We chose a more than hundred year old medical centre as a ground for our study (former sanatorium). We considered professional action as well as organisation system. We soon realized that we had to go far back to grasp the mechanics involved in the process of continuity/change of the practices carried out by different employees in the centre. Since its origins, it has transformed its facilities, equipment and staff so that it could provide healthcare corresponding to the shifting needs of the population. This implies that the staff had to think about new working strategies. We noticed that the different members of the centre have not forgotten about the past which generated a rich heritage (property, tools and customs). The employees claimed that the legacy of their predecessors and experience helped them to establish new professional practices. Theses changes are substantial compared to the legacy inherited from the sanatorial period (external appearance of the building) which is still present today. Through the study of this case, we asked ourselves about the weight of past habits and the difficulties that the practitioners have to leave old items, even when the latter have proved to be of no use
Gobeil, Anne-Sophie. "Dynamiques de genre et pratiques professionnelles : le cas des journalistes québécoises correspondantes à l'étranger." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26627.
Full textThis memoir aims to explore gender dynamics in the specific context of the professional practice of Quebec female journalists working as international correspondents. Starting from a qualitative and constructivist research approach, this study seeks to understand how gender influences the lived experience of female correspondents. Standpoint theory is used to understand their specific experience. Starting from semi-structured interviews, the author uses critical discourse analysis to underline gender dynamics in the respondents’ discourse. Gendered beats and perceived “feminine” writing take a specific importance, generating a strong malaise for women. In the newsroom, sexual harassment, “double standard” and masculine organizational culture are disadvantages to them. In the field, women gain access to more sources, but are also prey to sexual harassment. After significant progress in the past years, there seems to be significant steps backwards. Globally, women seem to be carrying a new kind of journalism, rich in humanity, complexity and equity.
Kertenian, Isabelle. "Variété des pratiques professionnelles et trajectoires de décision : application au domaine de la santé." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX24014.
Full textBrenel, Eve. "Le monde du flamenco : entre pratiques amateurs et professionnelles, socio-anthropologie d'une culture artistique." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1030.
Full textThis thesis analyses flamenco as a structuring practice of an artistic "world" ( in Becker's meaning). A first part allows- from a critical analysis of the debates surrounding the history of this cultural practice- to show the stakes of controversies around the question of Andalusian or gipsy origin of the flamenco. Mythes surrounding practitioners ( singers, guitarists, dancers) are confronted to a statistic study; the aficionados population, which role is in this case essential, is also submitted : their social characteristics, their use of erudition and their place in this cultural "world". A second part builts a definition of what the " flamenco's human being " is ; a definition that goes through the taking into consideration of the dialectical's relationships instituted between "yourselves" in private meetings and the production of an artistic legitimacy through the public practice of shows. The "flamencos" collective identity is based on the sharing of some reference's worlds : a common language, a collective memory and the fact of being initiated to this art and its reception. Besides, actors lay down collectively qualification criteria, in terms of esthetic but also ethic. A third part analyses successively the required courses for the singers, dancers and guitarists socialization (between tradition and modernity), after having first set up the question of the inheritance's place in this process. The thesis shows how the different actors , professionals and aficionados, gypsies and payos, participate collectively to the flamenco's production, through their interactions, between cooperation and conflict. In this "world", aficionados play a decisive role in establishing criteria, in training artists and in producing flamenco's artistic legitimacy
Mainier, Eric. "Le management des ressources humaines : pilotage par les qualifications et par les competences ; approches theoriques et pratiques." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS003S.
Full textThis study is dealing with the human resources management, particularly steering through qualifications and skills. It is based on an epistemology that removes steps of induction and deduction in favor of the confrontation between the theoretical and practical approaches. Our ambition was to measure the difference between both types of inputs and to verify the scientific theoretical refutation constructed using as a criterion demarcation between science and pseudo-science. The five cases show that firms borrowed primarily want to ensure their sustainability, improve their performance and increase their profits. To achieve these goals, the owners of capital and their constituents, managers, have a share of formal means such management, steering through skills, description, status and attitudes of workers, qualifications and skills and other, informal means such as ideology, handling and paradoxical requirement. Unlike the often accepted idea that the model of skill mark a definitive break with the qualification, managers still use the workstation to build repositories of individual and collective skills and carry out assessments of their staff members. Although not reified, workers are nevertheless forced to adhere fully to the standards set by their employers and constantly improve their performance to be appoint as skill. Libertarian ideas promoted by the instigators of skill, such as autonomy, taking initiative and responsibility, therefore falls under an ideology that placed the logical skill in a win-lose reality at the expense of workers, deserting a full recognition of individuals in their capacity as individuals
Mennrath, Frédéric. "Maltraitance-bientraitance : rapport à la violence et recomposition des pratiques professionnelles dans l'intervention sociale et médico-sociale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG014.
Full textFighting against abuse make professionals question what belongs to mistreatment and what does not. This ambiguity intensifies the conflictual dimensions in care work and calls for negotiation practices. This research is based on individual and group interviews, as well as observations in several professional settings. A relational approach is used to understand the dynamics of violence in professional situations. The threshold of morally acceptable practices is based on a compromise built during the interaction with actors’ intersubjectivity within a zone of shared tolerance. This zone is used as a space of self-regulation before a potential report of abusive behaviour occurs. In a context of uncertainty, this negotiating space creates practices and leads to new knowledge. The promotion of well-treatment is presented by some actors as a positive approach supposed to overcome boundaries of well- and mistreatment. In this way, it is a powerful medium to reorganise methods of intervention and professional identities
Brégeon, Philippe. "Les intervenants sociaux et l'insertion : constructions institutionnelles, pratiques et identités professionnelles : l'exemple du département de la Vienne." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT5008.
Full textThis investigation accounts for the professional identities and the practices of social speakers in the integration of the unemployed peoples. Our environment corresponds to the activities of the social rehabilitation and lodging houses, of the "Missions locales", the Structures of insertion by the economic activity in the department of Vienne in France. Influenced by the functionalist thought, the speech of the social speakers on themselves locates them like complementary intermediate agents for social cohesion and solidarity. On the contrary, our assumption is that of a heterogeneity of trades ands contradictions. We are then vis-à-vis with the competing spaces marked by an unequal distribution of resources. It is then question of trying to break with the attribution of a legitimacy of principle. Our step of observation must update the variety of the interactions near the users, within the teams of social speakers ans with the other institutions to identify the professional models
Machu, Laure. "Les conventions collectives du Front populaire : construction et pratiques du système français de relations professionnelles." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100158.
Full textTo help understand the origins of the French system of industrial relations, this thesis focuses on one major phase of its building, namely the negotiation of collective agreements under the Popular Front. Covering a span of moderate length this study pays special attention not only to the content of collective agreements but also to the practices of parties in the industrial relations system. Last, it takes a comparative approach, cross-checking studies on several sectors in three major industrial areas: the Nord and Seine departments and the Lyon region. Inasmuch as it extends collective agreements to all sectors, the Popular Front must indeed be seen as a founding period. But structural shifts implemented in 1936 are also the result of a developing practice which testifies both that the Government and unions were involved quite early and ever more so, and that thorough consideration was given to ways of reforming industrial relations right after the Laroque report came out in 1934. Three aspects stand out: a collective agreement should permit to exercise control over the business management of a factory, to organize the profession, to pacify and stabilize labour relations. Far from achieving these aims, collective agreements brought into effect by the Popular Front were first and foremost devised to protect the workers and establish a hierarchy among them. Yet, depending on the sector, the meaning granted to these collective agreements and their content may vary, which suggests the important part sector dynamics play when it comes to building a French model of industrial relations
Pancaldi, Pascale. "Caractéristiques socio-morphologiques d'un groupe de formateurs en région Centre et identification des pratiques professionnelles." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070034.
Full textThe questions related to professionalisation of persons who work in professionnal training are at the origin of this investigation. This study consist in an interrogation on this subject, but we prefered a qualitative approach, working on a group of sixty professionnels in activity within nine formation institutions located on the indre et loire country (france). In the first part, we definied the different kind of politic's of professionnal training impulsed by the state and by firms from the seventies. Two main directions can be observed : the formation meant for unemployed financed by state and others kept for salaried employee, financed by firms. In the second part, the characteristics of formators show a socialy diversified group but with the majority stemming from low social classes and coming in the activity after different professionnal paths (former teachers, social workers, firm executives, prodictuve sector workers). Mean while, communs characteristics could be observed : difficult school study, relation to legitimate knowledge ambigous, frequent use of all kind of going over studies again. The logics that lead to this activity are numerous : first professionnal insertion, professionnal reinsertion, professionnal promotion and settlement as independant formator. The third part, allow us to throw alight on their professionnal customs, whose diversities can be understood in relation to the following facts : initial formation, social and professionnal trajectory, position occuped in this activity. Employment condition and salariale relation have been examined too. To conclude, the professionnal training employees are far from forming a homogeneous group and conception around the fonction of actor in
Drechsler, Michèle. "Les pratiques du socialbookmarking dans le domaine de l'éducation : affordances sémantiques, socio-cognitives et formatives." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ018L/document.
Full textThe web has become participatory and new practices of categorization of information are emerging, based on the communities of interest in social strategies of indexing numerical resources on line and produsage characterized by the production of collaborative contents by users (A. Bruns). The new approaches hightlight a new organization of knowledge sharing. This research studies the practice of sharing knowledge in the web with socialbookmarking in the field of education. Educational resources are at the heart of the teachers' s profession and the digital resources must be defined. We make an instrumental approach of digital resources within the theory of activity. A semantic approach of social indexing with the analyse of 10 000 educational resources allows us to establish its potentialities and its limits and we try to draw a provisional ontology in the field of education. We support in the Engeström's and the study of different virtual communities of practice in socialbookmarking allow us to define the various activities for the digital taggers and resources' s users. We determine the tensions between «producers» and «consumer» of resources, the legality of knowledge and experts and amators, the dynamic raised between the members. Building on the learning theories, we show that these environments are privileged spaces of «personal knowledge management», and development of professional skills
Larher, Yann-Maël. "Les relations numériques de travail." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020012/document.
Full textAn emerging phenomenon, online social network and mobile apps usage has increased exponentially and is becoming widespread. Their exponential adoption offers a multitude of possibilities which is gradually invading living spaces, and in particular the professional world. The link between new technologies and employment law is not really new and dates from the arrival of IT (Information Technology) into the professional world, especially in collective relationships. However, recent doctrine and jurisprudence examinations surface new legal issues in regards to the use of new communication means that don’t have any time and space limits. Internet usage, and more precisely social network usage within companies, destabilises employment laws and leads to a confrontation between employer rights and the employees’ emerging rights and freedoms according to new practices. Companies’ relationship to social networks resurface questions about the renewal of industrial relationships inside a company that belongs to a democratic information-based society. Reshaping old frameworks, and new communication technologies encourages a wider reconsideration of future employment laws
Cornu-Demont, Nathalie. "Pour des politiques et des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines conciliant performance sociale et performance économique : cas d'expérimentations." Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO22002.
Full textThis thesis offers a guide in analyzing human resource management in enterprises with eight thems : administration management, human cost management, human strategic management, training, information and communication, social management and conditions of work, internal and external social relations. Used in analysing experimental socio-economic diagnostics, it shows that human resource action is shared by all actors in enterpeises (shared function). Human resources management is defined as the action which aims to obtain human resource adequation for actual and future needs, by integrating economic and development goals and increasing the social performance of human resources. The activities of human management are sized in a global model which gives a representation of any entities (operational or functional) based on the interaction beween structures-behaviors-skills. This thesis presents the contribution of socio-economic analysis on the adequation of training and employment, recruitment, reasons for persons leaving their jobs and the consequent loss of competence, and training. The "profil d'emploi" proposed in this thesis identifies the areas of vulnerability in terms of skills and promotes a real management of competencies. Motivation is exposed through socio-economic performance development. Three levels of action on motivation are identified : wages, leadership and socio-economic projets
Lardeau, Matthieu. "Changement institutionnel et managérialisation : transformation de la presse quotidienne nationale française et des pratiques professionnelles journalistiques (1944-2010)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32068.
Full textHard news press faces the early beginnings of a deep institutional change through a managerialization process of newsrooms’ and journalistic practices management. Using the new institutionalism theory we assume to scrutinize this change through studying emerging conflicts between institutional logics – and underlying institutional logics – Inside newsrooms. We particularly notice that the strength of the dominant logic (since 1944 in France) – the editorial logic – that traditionally shapes and governs the newsroom and journalistic practices’ management is eroding; thus sometimes the competitive logic – the business logic –appears dominant or a new hybrid logic – combining elements from editorial and business logics – comes up. We have done extensive ethnographic studies inside newsrooms of three French major national newspapers, La Croix, 20 Minutes, and Le Parisien-Aujourd’hui en France (from 2007 to 2009). As a result we offer a first deep description of the characteristics of journalist-managers and analysis of their daily practices, and we show the major role played by these journalist-managers in the managerialization process. We also identify the three major situations that face the French Press groups regarded to managerialization: some newsrooms are still ruled and shaped by the editorial dominant logic; some that face a shift in the dominant logic – from the editorial to the business one; some that experience the attempt to define a hybrid institutional logic that only appears at a proto-institutionalization stage. Our socio-historical analysis of this deep institutional change process that affect the hard news press (from 1944 to 2010) finally invites to consider the evolution of the underlying struggle for power to run the Press firms involving shareholders, managers, and journalists; we assume journalist-managers play and will play the major role in shaping the orientation and content of managerialization process
Pégourdie, Adrien. "Les provinces de la musique : Pratiques professionnelles, trajectoires et rapports au métier des instrumentistes classiques limougeauds." Limoges, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIMO2003.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the practices of an artistical profession in the provinces. Taking as investigation framework four musical institutions situed in the same area, i. E. The urban area of Limoges, this research tries to demonstrate the local diversity of the instrumental performers profession. This diversity, as a variety of practices, of social and professionnal trajectories and of relationships with the work itself, is not to be interpreted as a product of the local logics, but has to be connected with the main structure of the classical music field. The local institutions and the Limoges' musicians must be replaced in a general dynamic, and the existence in the same area of differenciated positions and of a diversity of status in this field must be emphasized. This work tries not to dissociate teaching form performing in classical music by leading the research in four fields of investigations : two music academies and two orchestras. The classical instrumentalist profession being characterized by the blending between teaching and performing activities, this thesis studies the different ways teaching practices and instrumental performances interact with each other. Teaching positions and thefunction of musical teacher, far from being seen as an object of uniformity, in their recrutment, perception and curriculum, are exposed in their diversity. The principles of this diversity, and the modes of its construction, permit to reinstate teaching in its complexity, contesting the premise of an artistic upstaging of the educational commitment
Arvanitis, Rigas. "De la recherche au développement : les politiques et pratiques professionnelles de la recherche appliquée au Vénézuéla." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070058.
Full textChambon-Aubier, Catherine. "Dynamiques de construction des pratiques porteuses d'innovation : analyse des pratiques d'apprentissage dans les formations d'ingénieur et des pratiques professionnelles des ingénieurs-innovateurs en France, en Allemagne, en Espagne et en Suède." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL103N/document.
Full textIn the first step of the survey, we exposed the context of our scientific question according to macro and micro-educative systems in Europe. We questioned the reality for an « engineer spirit » that could define the studied population. Then we compared the different educational systems in France, in Germany, in Spain and in Sweden through societal and cultural values impacting the higher education. We chose to study several notions and concepts such as skills, culture and innovation before detailing and exposing our scientific framework: the framework of practices and the engineer vocational paradigm. In the second step of our research, we explained our methodology based on a theoretical approach linked to our pedagogical activities. This part of our study is closed by the analysis of our data in order to test our hypothesis. To conclude we have defined the notion of “human practices supporting innovation” and the concept of “community of practices in innovation”
Chambon-Aubier, Catherine Guidat Claudine Zapata Antoine. "Dynamiques de construction des pratiques porteuses d'innovation analyse des pratiques d'apprentissage dans les formations d'ingénieur et des pratiques professionnelles des ingénieurs-innovateurs en France, en Allemagne, en Espagne et en Suède /." S. l. : S. n, 2008. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2008_CHAMBON_AUBIER_C.pdf.
Full textMilova, Hélène. "L' autonomie et les éducateurs de foyer : pratiques professionnelles et évolutions du métier en France, en Russie et en Allemagne." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082445.
Full textBased on qualitative surveys in children’s homes in France, Russia and Germany, this study focuses on the youth workers’ practice, especially on how young peoples’ autonomy is achieved as a part of their socialisation and as its final goal. This research identifies the links between the autonomy of the young people in their everyday life, and the autonomy of the youth workers in their work, as well as between the hierarchical structures in the homes and the hierarchical organisation of the child protection systems. The meaning given to autonomy not only varies between countries, but it is also different at the level of official orientation given to social work, at the level of youth worker discourse, and at the practical level. In Russia, traditional values are still dominating; in France, the evolution of the youth workers’ occupation has led to an evolution of their discourse; in Germany the recognition of social pedagogy as a science has even led to an evolution of the practice
Hodifa, Wael. "Pratiques photographiques et jugements esthéthétiques chez les enfants." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1538.
Full textChristophe, Thibault. "Les pratiques d'écoute musicale des adolescents en régime numérique." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20122/document.
Full textThis research examines the music listening practices of teenagers in a digital era. Production and receptions modes as well as the music itself have deeply changed since the “democratisation” of the illegal ways to access music (Napster, KazAa, eMule, and even now the YouTube converter) and the advent of the digital technologies (phone subscriptions and ADSL, household penetration rates of computers). Based on an ethnography of adolescents (combining comprehensive interviews with participant observation), we aim to understand how music makes sense in their everyday lives. We have thus tried to understand in what ways music, in the digital era, contributes to the phenomena of identity construction - individual, but also social and generational - as well as to the configuration of teenagers’ cultural worlds. Questioning the ergonomics and uses of devices, this study depicts different listening situations in accordance with pragmatic and contextual elements. The qualitative methodology that we have chosen enabled us to highlight the mediations in the family unit between brothers and sisters and between parents and children, which revealed the phatic expression of the music supported by digital technology
Yameogo, Lassane. "Interactions des médias publics avec les champs politique et socioéconomique au Burkina Faso: Facteurs d'influence, identités et pratiques professionnelles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/230846.
Full textDoctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Zaza, Ornella. "Horizons urbains en expérimentation : discours et pratiques d’une collectivité territoriale face au numérique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100003.
Full textAre digital technologies reshaping the way local governments plan the city? By recomposing an archaeology of the so-called “digital revolution” through its actors, utopias and ideologies, a consensus seems to emerge today around the project of “smart city”: by the concept of “co-construction”, citizen participation and public-private cooperation overlap. The conjunction of the use of new technologies (constantly evolving and mostly designed by private actors) and the consideration of citizens (coming from the public ideology on which French public action has been built in history) brings out the “paradigm of experimentation”, to which the public actor is increasingly appealing. This paradigm unfolds through a series of devices that are analysed by three topos in anthropology: the experimentation of new digital solutions, which ritualizes the interactions between actors around the design of digital “sur-objects”; the experimentation of public policies, which generates a permanent rehabilitation of public action", between "archaism" and “modernity”, because of the emergence of “online agora”; urban experimentation, which attempts to organize the material and immaterial narratives of urban transformation by setting up digital “demonstrators”. Based on an ethnography within Paris City Hall, the thesis shows that through experimentation public actors seeks to “publicize” logics and tools coming from the private domain, landing however to the same operational objective: to produce urban horizons, whose discourses and practices continually cross the border between public and private domains
Broudoux, Évelyne. "Outils, pratiques autoritatives du texte, constitution du champ de la littérature numérique." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082353.
Full textComputer as writing tool in hypermedia and networked communication create a new particular figure of user in the history of media. Single or collaborative writing and publishing in open publication systems have made possible the self authoritative construction. Analysis of writing activities with cognitive, sociocognitive and didactic point of views show however that computers tools cannot alone reply entirely to the writer tasks and strategies ; the part played by writing technologies in authorship filtering is an implication of the tool complexity. The thesis show that the field of the digital literature constitute itself within the calculable support of inscription. Computer writing practices that lead to the field construction are said authoritative because they are not using the well known processes of recognition through the traditional institutions. They construct themselves as an autonomous process and this is one sign of the field emergence