Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pratiques d'information'
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Araujo, Vladimir. "Le journalisme d'information syndicale au Brésil : pratiques et enjeux." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020033.
Full textFondin, Hubert. "Ergonomie des systèmes d'information documentaire : les hommes et leurs pratiques." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30009.
Full textLibrarians and special librarians do not seem to be socially, economically, technically and culturally adapted to their environment. This situation is the more paradoxical and evil that at the same time the western societies are moving to an "informational era". Their practices are strongly, if not exclusively, influenced by empirism and tradition. They fail, by ignorance or neglect, to base them on theoretical foundations. They are not considered as "professionals". The effectiveness of information systems is largely discussed. Even if, at the present time, the theoretical foundations are not well established, some exist which will allow the "information specialists" to identify and call the same objects with the same words, to understand each other, to communicate with other specialists, to have a better understanding of the phenomena they consider, and so to manage them in a better way, to explain their "professional" choice, to foresee new situations, to convey this framed knowledge within "information science schools", in a word, to be real "professionals". This leads to new and enlarged theoretical researches in the fields of "information" and "communication", to a professional training and in some countries, like in france, to the gathering of all the varied "information specialists" in one single "professional group" to face new challenges
Ruiz, Jacques. "Les pratiques du contrôle des systèmes d'information dans les organisations : étude exploratoire." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20206.
Full textAL, GHUSSEIN RAGHEB. "Le systeme d'information strategique dans les entreprises industrielles (bases theoriques et pratiques)." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN11010.
Full textHouy, Thomas. "Articulation entre pratiques managériales et systèmes d'information : construction d'un idéal type et modélisations." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004863.
Full textHouy, Thomas. "Articulation entre pratiques managériales et systèmes d'information : construction d'un idéal type et modélisations." Phd thesis, Paris, ENST, 2008. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00004863.
Full textThis dissertation aims at providing new insights on the relation between management practices and Information Systems (IS). More precisely, we analyse the management practices and the use of IS in companies which have adopted the lean management. Following our observations and our models, we first explain certain determinants for implementing structured reporting tools in a company which encourage each operator to identify problems, to reflect on them and to propose counter-measures to enhance the productive system. Then, we evaluate optimal duration of team meetings whose aim is to identify improvement propositions on production processes. Finally, using a formal model, we demonstrate that stocks and demand forecasting tools can be complementary or substitutable instruments for companies depending on the nature of the demand
Nyengue, Edimo Patrice. "L'organisation du système d'information comptable des entreprises camerounaises : essai d'observation et interprétation des pratiques." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40008.
Full textAzami, Abdellah. "Les pratiques en matière de système d'information marketing : une étude empirique des PME manufacturières /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2201287R.html.
Full textAzami, Abdellah. "Les pratiques en matière de système d'information marketing : une étude empirique des PME manufacturières." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3348/1/000659563.pdf.
Full textTang-Taye, Jean-Pierre. "PRATIQUES DES ECHANGES D'INFORMATION INTER-ORGANISATIONNELS ET IMPACTS SUR LA PERFORMANCE : LE CAS DE L'EDI." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00470349.
Full textMohammed, Abdallah. "Etude du Système d'Information Comptable des PME syriennes : Observation et essai de compréhension des pratiques." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0022.
Full textFor nearly ten years, Syria has been progressively moving from a strongly state-controlled economy to a more free market economy. In order to deal with this new context of business affairs which appears more competitive, complex and uncertain, business leaders may have changed their vision of the role of accounting. In this new context of the liberation of the economy, the thesis aims, on the one hand, to observe and to describe the complexity of Accounting Information System (AIS) of Syrian Small and Medium Enterprises (SME), and on the other hand, to explain and understand it’s determinants. The research adopts an enlarged approach of the AIS, at the same time organizational and informational, to better describe its properties and resort to the theory of contingency structural as well as behavioral to explain an eventual differentiation of the practices observed. The analysis of data collected by a survey where 92 Syrian industrial SMEs were interviewed and by 12 semi-direct interviews concerning three cases, confirms that accounting represents a major part in the information system of a big majority of enterprises observed and demonstrates that the practices found are varied and recover different realities. The bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis of relations between accounting practices and contingency factors reveals that no structural or behavioral determinism exists who explains the variability of observed accounting practices but only intermediate tendencies between some indices of structural determinism and behavioral determinism
Tang-Taye, Jean-Pierre. "Pratiques des échanges d'information inter-organisationnels et impacts sur la performance : le cas de l'EDI." La Réunion, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00470349/fr/.
Full textEntraygues, Adeline. "La place des réseaux socionumériques dans la culture de l'information : pratiques prescrites scolaires et pratiques d'information informelles des jeunes dans le second degré." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://scd.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/these/acces_reserve.php.
Full textThe purpose of our research is to question the epistemological issues of information culture and the place of SNSs in a school context. Through the prism of prescribed and informal information practices on NSRs, the aim is to study how a multi-layered and stratified information culture is being formed.Juvenile information practices on SNSs, which are divided between sharing and searching for information and communication between peers, question the documentary pedagogy implemented by teacher-librarians, who are responsible, within the school, for Media and Information Education.What are the links between prescribed documentary practices and informal juvenile practices? How do teacher-prescribed documentary pedagogical practices influence juvenile informal information practices on SNSs? What forms for information culture centred around SNSs? To answer these questions, we have implemented a comprehensive methodology combining interviews and observations of sessions and mobilizing analysis of speeches and pedagogical documents. Through the prism of prescribed information learning, one can observe that an information culture is emerging that is moving towards a critical approach to information taking the form of operational and conceptual information literacy education and shaping a culture of information citizenship
Dubreu, François. "Comment comprendre la notion de réduction de variété des pratiques dans le cadre de la mise en place de progiciels ERP ?" Reims, 2008. http://these.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000817.pdf.
Full textERP software is frequently seen as reducing the scope and variety of practices. Using such type of software is often associated to the idea of implementing a set of best practices, ie a set of practices recognised to be effective. Beyond the trivial statement, is that really the case? The research that follows is carried out in the context of the implementation of an ERP project in a Business School and aims to understand the impacts of ERP projects on work practices of the individuals. First, the concept of practices is studied at the individual, collective and organisational levels. Particularly, the research includes an analysis of practices in complex organisations in which the necessity for high quality and flexibility are rooted both in high levels of expected conformity and adequacy. Based on this initial point of view and with a comprehensive perspective, the impacts of ERP projects on the variety of (operational) practices is then further studied. The research retains three axis of exploration (the reduction of the scope of variety of practices, the integration of processes and the refocusing of meanings) that enable to particularly distinguish the respective rotes and effects of the leader of the concerned organization and the ERP in itself. Shall we see the ERP project as bringing further constraints for the leader to manage his organisation or as an adequate tool to impleme a deliberate and normative policy? The research concludes with a renewed approach to best practices in the context of ERP projects
Liquète, Vincent. "Des pratiques d'information à la construction de connaissances en contexte : de l'analyse à la modélisation SEPICRI." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Rouen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00670700.
Full textBoubaker, Nobilet Patricia. "Les capacités d'agir des personnes défavorisées en matière d'information." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080011/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with culture, behavior and information practices of disadvantaged people in the current information society, characterized by its immateriality. The aim is to study the information attitude of people in situation of relative poverty in the sight of the Information Poverty’s Theory in order to catch the action abilities of the actors as well as freedom of choices relating to traditional and digital information. The pattern and metaconcept information attitude is located at the junction of subjects like sociology, social psychology, psychanalysis and cognitive sciences and can therefore be approached in different ways. We have chosen to analyse the sociological movement « Roman familial et trajectoire sociale » which allows to transcend the split individual/society and point the analysis on keys concepts : individual sociology (habitus, social capital, life stories), human relations, memorization and learning process (emotions).In a methodological manner, the thesis lies on a qualitative step, a study case and use the life stories in group. Between legacy and successive touch in time, the pattern information attitude including emotions, information habits and experience, is not else that a life story
Turpin, Nadine. "Incitation à l'adoption de meilleures pratiques agricoles et lutte contre la pollution diffuse en présence d'asymétrie d'information." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100053.
Full textThis work belongs to the set of micro-economic analysis of pollution regulating policies when asymmetric information arises. We analysed the special features of nonpoint source pollution associated with breeding activities, which render delicate the design of regulating instruments. We present the design of a regulation mechanism for an adverse selection case, using data from dairy farms on a French watershed. Asymmetric information put constraints on the optimal policy. Production and emission functions have been designed from the empirical application and their parameters have been statistically estimated. First, participation of farmers is mandatory : the farmers participate as soon as their regulated profit is higher than a type-independent value. Second we added acceptability constraints : the regulator has to satisfy a given proportion of farmers through intervention and a farmer is satisfied when he does not lose from regulation compared to the laissez faire situation
Djossa, Tchokote Ivan. "La diffusion du système comptable OHADA : conception des principes et déclinaison des pratiques." Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40011.
Full textDuring the past twenty years, a contingent approach of accounting information systems has grown because of changes in the industry and competitive conditions. This led researchers to think about the ability of accounting data systems to diversify, and to differentiate, depending on the context in which they are developped. This has led to studies aimed at analysing real and potential reactions of accounting data systems to organise complexification, and variations of uncertainty related to technological and economic changes. This thesis shows that dissemination factors such as the characters roles, the information supply through the communication channels, perception of the accounting innovations, and certain variables in the socio-economic environment, have an influence on the degree the usefulness of the accounting data system in small and medium enterprises
Renaud, Alexandre. "Traduire pour aligner : une analyse par les pratiques de la conduite de projets de reconfigurations de systemes d'information." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00956585.
Full textSallaberry, Arnaud. "Visualisation d'information : de la théorie sémiotique à des exemples pratiques basés sur la représentation de graphes et d'hypergraphes." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646397.
Full textWAKATA, BOLVINE FRANCOIS. "Politique d'information et pratiques journalistiques : les differences de traitement de l'information entre journalistes anglophones et francophones a cameroon tribune." Grenoble 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE39011.
Full text"modern cameroon is the result of two communities emerging from a joint francobritish colonisation. From that the institution of an official bilingualism was designed to express this origin. The media of the state are construed following this dualist logic and is composed of bilingual wording. Now, despite an institutional environment preaching a "united voice", the official press produces a polyphonic discourse, often contrary to government stipulations. These differences are often due to the english-speaking journalists who use the media as a means of assertion and as a vehicle for political demands in the face of a french-speaking majority power. In this way cameroon journalists seem to have developed notable specific pratices of reflecting the "interior" environment which is reflected by their activity, and tending to reproduce strong relationships which cross the socio-political field of a country where englishspeakers and french-speaking build up, consciously or not, strategies directed at maintaining or modifiying the balance of forces which govern their relationships"
Renahy, Emilie. "Recherche d'information en matière de santé sur Internet : déterminants, pratiques et impact sur la santé et le recours aux soins." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066087.
Full textMassard, Nelly. "Le processus d'appropriation d'un progiciel de gestion intégré par l'utilisateur final : vers une compréhension des facteurs d'influence menant aux bonnes pratiques attendues." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX24012.
Full textEnterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is constructed by a team and is used by actors who did not participate in his conception : the final users (UF). A theoretical exploration on appropriation of ERP by UF was made. This exploration rests on the study of the notion of appropriation from disciplines in Human and Social Sciences which use this term and, on studies of Sciences of Management on ERP. A conceptual model about appropriation of ERP was created from this exploration. Then, we formulated the following question : What are the factors that influence the appropriation process of ERP by UF towards the best waited practices? Factors of influence were found in literature, all categories taken together. A case study is essential to analyse the different phenomena of the conceptual model and to answer our question by pre-empting or by confirming the factors which were found in literature, but also by discovering other factors. The results show that the appropriation process begins by three different status and this is by the interrelationship of individual, contextual, technological factors and actions set up by other actors that the appropriation process of ERP by UF gives rise to best waited practices. A causal model is offered
Boumhaouad, Hatim. "Les pratiques d'information et de communication à l'aune du contexte socioculturel : cas des usagers des applications mobiles de santé au Maroc." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0040.
Full textDuring the last decade, the use of connected objects has rapidly evolved to converge towards the health's field. Our PhD work focuses on the information and communication practices of users of mobile health applications. If it appears from the literature (Arruabarrena, 2016; Lupton, 2015a; Mahmood et al., 2019; Vaghefi & Tulu, 2019) that mobile health applications are likely to help their users to "self-manage" their health, they are not sufficiently questioned from the point of view of the social changes (Lupton, 2014a) that they can generate in a society. This lack of reflection raises socio-cultural questions about how users integrate these mobile apps into their daily lives.Our thesis addresses how social factors combined with other factors, such as culture or level of education, can influence the information and communication practices of users in a particular context like Morocco. Moroccans find themselves between two ambivalent spheres: on the one hand, a conservative context where they are expected to conform to mores and inhibiting norms. On the other, the world of mobile health applications characterized by freedom of expression, where they can search or discuss health topics that are taboo in Moroccan society.To understand the information and communication practices of users, we first distributed a questionnaire, to which we obtained 384 responses. Secondly, during the period 2017 and 2021, we carried out semi-structured interviews with 35 users who glimpse disparate information practices.Our thesis has a double objective. Initially, we want to understand how Moroccans seek and communicate health information, in the light of the socio-cultural constraints that are specific to them. To do so, we have chosen the model of Pamela McKenzie (2003) which enables to elucidate the constraints of seeking health information and how the user can circumvent them. Secondly, we want to apprehend the representations of users relating to mobile health applications and their self-unveiling within these mobile apps.The results of our survey highlight the fact that the Moroccan socio-cultural context has certain particularities that can hinder information and communication practices in the health's field. It is a country marked by a high rate of illiteracy, by gender inequalities and by a community life based on religious taboo and respect for traditions. Consequently, users' information and communication practices may be in conformity or out of step with the norms and values of the context in which they live
De, Maeyer Juliette. "L'usage journalistique des liens hypertextes: étude des représentations, contenus et pratiques à partir des sites d'information de la presse belge francophone." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209443.
Full textIl convient donc de l'examiner attentivement, pour mieux comprendre ce que les journalistes font des liens, et ce que le lien fait au journalisme. Cette recherche poursuit trois objectifs, et opère donc en trois temps :(1) appréhender le lien hypertexte dans l'imaginaire journalistique, (2) décrire les liens contenus sur les sites d'information de la presse francophone belge dans leur contexte d'énonciation, et (3) replacer les liens dans leur contexte de production.
Afin d'expliciter d'abord, du point de vue des acteurs eux-mêmes, la diversité des rôles que peut avoir le lien dans le contexte du journalisme, ce travail remonte le fil de conversations métajournalistiques au sujet du lien hypertexte. Sur le mode de la cartographie des controverses, celles-ci sont l’objet (1) d’un compte-rendu chronologique qui cherche à recontextualiser précisément chacune des controverses, puis, (2) d’une analyse thématique qui explicite tous les registres d'argument que les journalistes associent aux liens.
Ensuite, les liens hypertextes présents sur six sites web d’information d'organes de presse belge francophone sont décrits, dans leur contexte d’énonciation. Les résultats de l'analyse mettent en évidence que les sites d'information ne sont pas homogènes en matière de liens, chacun d'entre eux en faisant des usages spécifiques. Ils dévoilent également plusieurs pistes de questionnement sur les raisons d'être des liens, notamment sur le caractère structurant de la technique ou le caractère déterminant des enjeux économiques.
Enfin, tous ces éléments sont éclairés par une enquête sur le contexte de production des sites d'information. Une observation directe dans deux rédactions met en évidence les configurations spécifiques qui, en entremêlant la culture des journalistes, des inscriptions socio-techniques, et leurs relations avec les intérêts économiques de l'organisation médiatique, structurent l’usage journalistique des liens.
Au final, cette triple démarche aboutit à mettre en évidence que la configuration des interrelations qui caractérisent le journalisme (c'est-à-dire les relations entre les journalistes, leurs pairs, leurs sources, leurs publics, les produits d’information et la règle) se manifeste assez clairement dans les usages journalistiques du lien hypertexte. Mais elle montre aussi qu’il faut également tenir compte de la matérialité pour véritablement comprendre ce réseau d’interrelations.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Dubreu, François Barrère Christian. "Comment comprendre la notion de réduction de variété des pratiques dans le cadre de la mise en place de progiciels ERP ?" Reims : [s.n.], 2008. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000817.pdf.
Full textCordier, Anne. "Imaginaires, représentations, pratiques formelles et non formelles de la recherche d'information sur Internet : Le cas d'élèves de 6ème et de professeurs documentalistes." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737637.
Full textCarpentier, Stéphanie Frédérique Géraldine. "Pratiques et régulation des activités commerciales en entreprises industrielles et système d'information : une contribution à la gestion des ressources humaines des commerciaux." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33031.
Full textSchmitt, Laurie. "Dissonnances d'une presse quotidienne en mutation : enjeux de l'intégration des photographies d'amateurs au sein des pratiques journalistiques." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL014.
Full textTissot, Cyril. "Modélisation spatio-temporelle d'activités humaines à fort impact environnemental : Application à l'étude des pratiques agricoles intensives dans le département du Finistère." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES1006.
Full textThis main goal of this thesis is to propose a methodological frameworkdedicated to long-term changes of modelling of the coastal environment under the influence of anthropic activities. Beyond these general problems the finality of this research task is based on the constitution of a simulation chain. This simulation chain is able to modelise the variability of activities which have a strong environmental impact. It integrates the physical, economic and lawful factors which can influence their progress. The whole developments associated with this study is articulated around two complementary axes :- a methodological axis devoted to formalization of a modelling environment based on the coupling of quantitative and qualitative models within a generic simulation platform ;- a thematic axis centered on the realization of a specific modelling application of intensive breeding progress in the department of Finistère (France). These two steps are concretized by the development of the platform "Dynamique des Activités HUmaines" (DAHU) and the "Module Activités Littorales" (MAL). The construction of simulator DAHU is based on the transcription of a complex environment in a model of reality based on the description of human activities progress in space and time. The "Module Activités Humaines" allows to test the methodology of modelling associated with platform DAHU. This application particulary shows that it is possible to simulate variability of practical spreading with reactives agents. The results obtained shows that the variability of spreading is closely related to legal framework evolution fixing the use of organic fertilizer, and with weather conditions changes observed at the intra-annual scale
Wafo, Tabopda Gervais. "Les aires protégées de l'Extrême-Nord Cameroun entre politiques de conservation et pratiques locales." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00333188.
Full textCarassus, David. "L'audit externe des villes et de leurs satellites : contribution à la compréhension des pratiques contractuelles dans une perspective d'évolution du système d'information de gestion local." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU2001.
Full textLaaroussi, Ouiame. "Le Système d’Information à l’épreuve de l’organisation : une approche sociomatérielle des rapports entre le matériel et les pratiques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED051.
Full textInformation Systems (IS) play a predominant role in organizations, often exceeding their material artefact status. In the case of a large outdoor advertising organization (JCDecaux Middle East), the management of the media offer via an IS is essential. The purpose of this thesis is to use the perspective of sociomateriality as an analysis grid to better understand and to analyze the role of the materiality of an IS, the social practices and the technology in the optimization of an organizational process of sales. Our qualitative approach was based on 42 semi-directive interviews conducted as part of a longitudinal study from 2011 to 2018, and based on observation and documentation. By analyzing the evolution of the IS mapping of the organization and its sales process, our case study emphasizes that the imbrication of social and material contributes to the evolution of the practices in the sales process. It also highlights the permanent and sometimes temporary changes in the materiality of an IS, thus affecting practices in the organization
Châtelet, Raphaël. "Veille sanitaire de défense : dimensions qualitative et quantitative dans l'analyse des processus, des acteurs-utilisateurs et des produits d'information." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30048.
Full textThe french armed forces can be exposed to biological and chemical risks within their work. The Medical Intelligence unit of the French armed forces Center of Epidemiology and Public Health has developed an information system in order to protect their health. Created to be used in usual or crisis situation, the system provides quickly decision-makers, experts, veterinary, pharmacist and army medical officer with useful information for decision making. The aim of our study is to offer an overall assessment, in particular to determine if it corresponds to the needs and practices for the users.These last years, a real technological revolution has occured, giving birth to numerous informational devices intended to help the users. Scientific studies to analyze the way the latter use them were then carried out.Resting on current theoretical foundations in information and communication sciences and on a methodology of mixed research associating quantitative and qualitative methods, we have analyzed the existing device and studied to what extent it becomes integrated into the information and communication practices of the staffs connected in the Military Health Service.This study allows to bring new knowledge on the french military practices, still largely unknown, and to propose an adaptable assessment grid to various documentary information systems
Giudici, Gabriella. "Les mutations de l'internet entre régulation juridique et pratiques de file sharing." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131007.
Full textThis work is about the main Internet conflict and maine changes generated by the struggles between file sharing networks and copyright owners. Governance attemps to nullify peer-to-peer networks dramatically change regulation philosophy wherein legislative approach is weakened in favour of technological control. This research is developped as an analysis of juridical and technological debates in U. S. A. , with the goal of represent the developments of both critical theory and norms building as an answer of share practices. Its first part is dedicated to the definition of digital exception, that is Internet birth as a free and non commercial space, and to the foundation of Internet criticism after privatization of infrastructures, that coincide with cyberlaw emergence. Its second part represents critical debate evolution, across legitimation of technological turn of copyright law and incoming of American cyberlaw towards technological approach of «Internet enhancement» and «trusted system» debates. Finally, its third part deals with the judicial and technological history of file sharing networks, in the goal of suggesting a sociological definition of these practises, by compared economics (disruptive tecnology) and anthropological (hi-tech gift economy) interpretations produced by literature about this argument
Ranucci, Jean-Francis. "Intégration de démarches de veille stratégique dans la formation des enseignants : contribution à l’intégration des technologies de l’information et de la communication dans les pratiques des formateurs pour améliorer la qualité de la formation des enseignants." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30040.
Full textCe travail s’inscrit dans un cadre socio-constructiviste et vise à identifier les conditions pour que des formateurs d’enseignants puissent s’engager de manière autonome dans l’utilisation des TIC au sein de leur pratique de formation. Selon la thèse proposée, cet engagement, favorisé par une intégration d’outils émanant d’une démarche de veille stratégique dans le développement des environnements numériques de travail (ENT), ne peut se faire que si les particularités de ces formateurs sont prises en compte. Les résultats montrent que la question de l’instrumentation est centrale et que l’intérêt des ENT que nous avons conçus réside dans le fait qu’ils permettent de médiatiser les interactions : en effet les formateurs peuvent assister les stagiaires dans leur parcours de formation et exercer un certain contrôle sur ce processus. Ces ENT sont ainsi considérés comme des instruments construits par les formateurs et participent à l’optimisation des parcours de formation des stagiaires
Benejean, Marie. "Informatisation des productions d'information et des activités de communication dans les relations pilotes-contrôleurs : contradictions et reconfigurations entre technologies en projet et mises en pratiques." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2111/.
Full textThe aviation industry has encountered numerous socio-technical transformations that have multiplied due to the contemporary climate of globalisation of economies. Pilots' and air-traffic controllers' information production and communication activities, which are essential to the air navigation activity, are particularly affected. In this paper, the theory of activity (Engeström, 1987) will be used to study the technology-organisation-system articulation. This should provide a deeper understanding of the interweaving of technical systems that are continuously more standardized and standardizing, established by international and national authorities, and that have to be implemented locally. Using the architext approach (Jeanneret, 1999), this research questions the communication model as it is registered and prescribed in the technical systems of pilots' and air-traffic controllers' exchanges. Moreover, it identifies, in light of observable practices, some resulting key questions at the level of piloting and air traffic control activities
Fromageot-Laniepce, Virginie. "Les pratiques de la recherche en archéologie à l'heure du numérique : l'évolution de la recherche d'information et de la publication de 1955 à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100113.
Full textThe nature of publishing in archaeology is changing with the advancement of digital media, and archaeologists are deeply involved in the evolution of print and digital publication. This research aims to understanding the characteristics of digital publication and the solutions it offers to archaeological research.The first part of this study concerns the history of information retrieval and publication in the second half of the twentieth century in France. It examines the foundations of archaeological computing and the start of automatic documentation in the discipline (later becoming database applications and data processing), and how other past experiences have contributed to formalizing archaeological reflection and writing.The second part of the study surveys the development of digital publishing in archaeology through time and within the context of Open Access. Through an evaluation of websites that disseminate printed books and journals as well as those publishing only in digital form, the process of online dissemination is defined (and with reference to experiences from the Unit of “Archéologies et Sciences de l’Antiquité” with key publishing stakeholders). The results provide a key to better understand the needs of the archaeological community and assist in developing current approaches to archaeological publishing
Plantin, Jean-Christophe. "Les pratiques de cartographie numérique en ligne : expression, remédiation, circulation." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2052.
Full textThis doctoral research aims focuses on webmapping applications, commonly called "mapping mashups". This work presents this practice by using the "reflexive modernity" framework. The rationale of this work is that online maps can be a means to remediate a fact or an event, using expression and participation properties of Web applications. This doctoral research presents the case study of the online mapping applications that were created after the March 11. 2011 Fukushima power plant explosion. The theoretical and methodological framework is constituted of notions from information & communication sciences, "sciences, technics and society" and geography. Describing this reflexivity during time of crisis will focus on the steps to create radiation data online, the shape of a public onion to tackle this issue, actions that are delegated to maps and how they circulate online
Ben, Romdhane Randa. "Les effets de la multiplicité des normes et des référentiels de bonnes pratiques : le cas de la Direction des Systèmes d’Information." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM0989/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to explore the effects of multiple standards and frameworks of best practices in information systems at the level of the Information Technology Department. The main challenge of this thesis is to highlight an issue that has not been addressed before in academic research. The lack of literature on the subject and the failure to grasp its scope the practitioner literature support the uniqueness and the merits of our research question.Our research strategy was developed in order to contribute to the knowledge of an unknown object in the academic research. The research question has been submitted to the professional reality using an empirical device based on three elements. First, three exploratory interviews allowed us to refine our research question and to highlight its importance to the professional community. Then, ten semi-structured interviews within five French companies have aimed to deepen the understanding of the effects of the multiple standards and frameworks of best practices for IT Department. Finally, a single case study based on two waves of extensive interviews with the CIO of a French company listed on NYSE, had the ambition to extend the reflection focusing on a particular aspect of our research object.These elements were complementary and relevant to shed light on the multiple standards and frameworks of best practices in Information System. As this is a theme that was not spontaneously controlled by respondents, we suggested a perspective of our results through theoretical understanding elements. Considering the exploratory nature of this research, the results of this thesis are mostly plausible and acceptable proposals which aim to suggest lines of inquiry for future research projects
Routelous, Christelle. "La démocratie sanitaire à l'épreuve des pratiques médicales : sociologie d'un modèle participatif en médecine." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005246.
Full textMusnik, Noémie. "La gestion de l’information en contexte : Enquête sur les pratiques informationnelles des ingénieurs-chercheurs d’EDF-R&D." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0845/document.
Full textAssuming that workplace significantly affects information seeking and information management patterns,this study explores accessibility and management of information sources among a group of research engineers.The study explores how these engineers, who belong to the R&D entity of a major energy group,require, search and manage information sources in given professional contexts. Furthermore, it strives toidentify the contextual factors that shape information practices. This empirical study is based on a qualitativeapproach: following exploratory inquiries, semi-structured interviews and observations were conducted witha small group of actors in their proper workplace. Our integration within the team facilitated the participantobservation stance. The study provides an analytic cartography of the various components of the organizationaland informational environments whereby the activities and tasks of the above mentioned actors takeplace. A wide range of practices has been identified via interviews but also through the activities and workrhythms observed. An appreciative framework has been developed to analyze the practices of access to informationproduced and used in professional contexts; it underlines the contextual factors that may becomedriving dimensions to support an innovative perspective on information management structures. The studyattempts to provide an innovative approach for the analysis of information practices in contexts, orientedtoward the design of a facetted and collaborative information management system
Gardiès, Cécile. "De la mouvance identitaire à l'ancrage scientifique des professionnels de l'information-documentation dans l'Enseignement Agricole." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349759.
Full textCes interrogations montrent la nécessité de repenser les liens entre les pratiques et leurs référents théoriques comme susceptibles de constituer un socle scientifique et professionnel commun et un cadre d'analyse constructif. Ainsi les Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication peuvent éclairer les problèmes soulevés au travers de la définition d'un réseau de concepts propres à l'information-documentation et d'une réflexion épistémologique. Cette centration sur les SIC n'exclut pas des apports complémentaires comme ceux de la sociologie du travail ou des Sciences de l'Education sur les questions de professionnalisation, de formation et d'enseignement. L'hypothèse d'une interaction productive entre recherche scientifique et évolution des pratiques professionnelles permet de repenser la place des savoirs et d'envisager une meilleure appréhension et compréhension des phénomènes informationnels en jeu dans l'enseignement secondaire en France.
Musnik, Noémie. "La gestion de l'information en contexte : Enquête sur les pratiques informationnelles des ingénieurs-chercheurs d'EDF-R&D." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795230.
Full textNdiaye, Diarra. "Analyse communicationnelle des systèmes d'information dans le secteur de la santé (2000-2012) : l'exemple de l'implantation de deux logiciels dans les pratiques de la clinique mutualiste La Sagesse de Rennes." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818188.
Full textDupin, de Saint Cyr-Heckel Cécile. "Le dessin comme médiation, du portrait à la scène de lecture : questionner les pratiques de lecteurs au collège." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30211/document.
Full textThe teen years is a self-construction period : inner character and physical body are transformed. For the teenagers, this metamorphosis modifies their relationship to the world, their body and also their reading choises. In the field of reading, their practices are very different, frequently in competition with others activities. Some teenagers have broken away from the book sensed as a limiting object, despite its presence in the school environment. What kind of relationship exists between the pupils and this object ? What kind of practices and behaviours do they adopt as readers ? In keeping with the biblilogic approach (Otlet, Estivals) of the mediator and that of the anthropological phenomena of behaviours (Lévi-Strauss, Monod), the production of drawings described and analyzed through the indexing language - usually used by the information professionals - is the starting point of this research which undertakes a shift from the portrait of the reader to the reading scene. Whilst bringing significant clues and details alongside interviews, we analysed the collected informative material using an observation and interpretation table that we have specifically developed. This analysis tool constructed from specific lexicon linked with the observed practice is a way to translate the graphic language into words. The drawing, considered as a visual and sensitive method, reveals some practices, postures, attitudes, behaviours, reading rituals and perceptions. Finally, showing active subjects and with our approach supplemented by other investigation methods, drawings seems to be able to reveal a self-consciousness as reader and to act as mediator between the latter and the book
Mani, misenga Rosette. "L’intelligence distribuée dans les objets : étude de cas sur les pratiques des voyageurs des banlieues à la gare parisienne du Nord." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20011.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to validate the hypothesis of the intelligence distributed in objects through a case study on traveler’s behavior while interacting with technical objects within stations and their relationship with the environment. The analysis centered on the notions of the technical object and derived from the ICS field enable to evolve the problematics on the “memory in technical objects”, by articulating the coupling object-travelers-time-space. The reflection carried by this study proposes to consider the technical objects located in stations as federative elements of intelligences issued from multiple communication artifacts in the collection, the productions and the data diffusion phases. Thus, the technical objects would be intelligent thanks to the crystallization of the collective memory (actors and environment). In the same dynamic, we will try to explore the notion of interactivity (exchanges man-engine), usually studied in its tactile aspect (retroaction by touch), in its visual dimension (retroaction by sight), and its auditive dimension (retroaction by hearing)
Raynal, Jean-Claude. "Pratiques cynégétiques, transformations territoriales et régulations sociales : vers la mise en place d'une gestion concertée des populations de sangliers dans le Sud de la France." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30034.
Full textToday wild boars have become a species that concerns several groups of partners working in the rural environnement. In many areas and especially in the south of France, wild boar cynegetics is a new phenomenon due to its growth. Wild boars have become the main species that are hunted. The result of the wild boar population dynamics is having a territorial impact with various socio-economic effects. The presence of wild boars as well as hunting practices can give rise to social confrontation. Conflict between partners, about wild boars, have emerged and strategies in order to regulate them are being set-up. The wild boar is a species that clearly outlines the problems linked to setting-up space-related management within a multipurpose rural environnement (cohabitation of economic and leisure activities). In order to understand social land management it is very important to know the geographical distribution of the wild boar population as well as its dynamic
Lombardo-Fiault, Bernard. "Collaboration numérique et nouvelles formes de visibilité professionnelle : proposition d’une méthodologie et d’un dispositif réflexif d’adoption des pratiques collaboratives." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080097/document.
Full text10 years after digital socio-collaborative platforms have released, it appears their use is still not generalized, not taken for granted ; the integration in professional environments seems difficult, despite the promise of efficiencies, despite the proximity of tools with traditional local office applications, despite the efforts particularly in consulting services which fail to perpetuate uses. This work demonstrates that a new form of visibility induced by sharing, which is the foundation of digital collaboration, can be a brake or a leverage for adoption, and that it should be taken into account in the change process; It also contributes to the knowledge of the collaborative paradigm by proposing a typology of uses based on their intrinsic and social value, an adoption methodology geared towards the local transformation of daily work practices (Get Collaboration Done!™), And an indicator of the “Value” of the collaborative behavior, which is figurated (and calculated) by an index determined according to algorithmic modalities (Collaboration-Index™)
Brandt-Pomares, Pascale. "LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES DE L'INFORMATION ET DE LA COMMUNICATION DANS LES ENSEIGNEMENTS TECHNOLOGIQUES De l'organisation des savoirs aux conditions d'étude : didactique de la consultation d'information." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983535.
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