Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PrAMP'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: PrAMP.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'PrAMP.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Bluhm, Martina E. C., Viktoria A. F. Schneider, Ingo Schäfer, Stefania Piantavigna, Tina Goldbach, Daniel Knappe, Peter Seibel, Lisandra L. Martin, Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen, and Ralf Hoffmann. "N-Terminal Ile-Orn- and Trp-Orn-Motif repeats enhance membrane interaction and increase the antimicrobial activity of Apidaecins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-205372.
Full textAbstract:
The Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a life-threatening nosocomial pathogen due to its generally low susceptibility toward antibiotics. Furthermore, many strains have acquired resistance mechanisms requiring new antimicrobials with novel mechanisms to enhance treatment options. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides, such as the apidaecin analog Api137, are highly efficient against various Enterobacteriaceae infections in mice, but less active against P. aeruginosa in vitro. Here, we extended our recent work by optimizing lead peptides Api755 (gu-OIORPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH; gu = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylguanidino, O = L-ornithine) and Api760 (gu-OWORPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH) by incorporation of Ile-Orn- and Trp-Orn-motifs, respectively. Api795 (gu-O(IO)2RPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH) and Api794 (gu-O(WO)3RPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH) were highly active against P. aeruginosa with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 8–16 and 8–32 μg/mL against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Assessed using a quartz crystal microbalance, these peptides inserted into a membrane layer and the surface activity increased gradually from Api137, over Api795, to Api794. This mode of action was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy indicating some membrane damage only at the high peptide concentrations. Api794 and Api795 were highly stable against serum proteases (half-life times >5 h) and non-hemolytic to human erythrocytes at peptide concentrations of 0.6 g/L. At this concentration, Api795 reduced the cell viability of HeLa cells only slightly, whereas the IC50 of Api794 was 0.23 ± 0.09 g/L. Confocal fluorescence microscopy revealed no colocalization of 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein-labeled Api794 or Api795 with the mitochondria, excluding interactions with the mitochondrial membrane. Interestingly, Api795 was localized in endosomes, whereas Api794 was present in endosomes and the cytosol. This was verified using flow cytometry showing a 50% higher uptake of Api794 in HeLa cells compared with Api795. The uptake was reduced for both peptides by 50 and 80%, respectively, after inhibiting endocytotic uptake with dynasore. In summary, Api794 and Api795 were highly active against P. aeruginosa in vitro. Both peptides passed across the bacterial membrane efficiently, most likely then disturbing the ribosome assembly, and resulting in further intracellular damage. Api795 with its IOIO-motif, which was particularly active and only slightly toxic in vitro, appears to represent a promising third generation lead compound for the development of novel antibiotics against P. aeruginosa.
2
Ravindran, Somasundaram. "Aspects of practical implementations of PRAM algorithms." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386838.
Full text
3
Barcellos, Antonio Marinho Pilla. "PRMP : a scaleable polling-based reliable multicast protocol." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1981.
Full textAbstract:
Traditional reliable unicast protocols (e.g., TCP), known as sender-initiated schemes, do not scale well for one-to-many reliable multicast due mainly to implosion losses caused by excessive rate of feedback packets arriving from receivers. So, recent multicast protocols have been devised following the receiver- initiated approach: scalability (in terms of control traffic, protocol state and end-systems processing requirements) is achieved by making the sender independent from receivers; the sender does not know the membership of the destination group. However, this comes with a cost: the lack of knowledge about and control of receivers at the sender has negative implications with respect to throughput, network cost (bandwidth required), and degree of reliability offered to applications. This thesis follows an alternative approach: instead of adopting the receiver-initiated scheme, it greatly enhances the scalability of the sender-initiated scheme, by means of polling-based feedback and hierarchy. The resulting protocol is named PRMP: polling-based Reliable Multicast protocol. Its unique implosion avoidance mechanism polls receivers at carefully planned timing instants achieving a low and uniformly distributed rate of feedback packets. The sender retains controls of receivers: the main PRMP mechanisms are based on a one-to-many sliding window mechanism, which efficiently and elegantly extends the abstraction from reliable unicasting to reliable multicasting. The error control mechanism of PRMP incorporates the use of NACKs and selective, cumulative acknowledgment of packets; additionally, it can wait and judiciously decide between multicast and selective unicast retransmissions. The flow control mechanism prevents unnecessary losses caused by the overrunning of receivers, despite variations in round-trip times and application speeds. The scalability provided by the polling mechanism is further extended by an hierarchic organization to exploit distributed processing and local recovery: receivers are organized according to a tree-structure. However, unlike other tree-based protocols, PRMP is "fully-hierarchic": each parent node forwards data via multicast to its children, and retains/explores the control of and knowledge about its children while autonomously applying error, flow, congestion and session controls in the communication with them. Two congestion control mechanisms, one window-based and another rate-based, have been incorporated to PRMP. As shown through simulation experiments, the resulting protocol q,chieves high though put with cost- effective reliable multicasting. They also show the scalability and effectiveness of PRMP mechanisms. PRMP can achieve reliable multicast with the same kind of reliability guarantees provided by TCP but without incurring prohibitive costs in terms of network cost or recovery latency found in other protocols.
4
López, Martínez Andrés. "Parallel Minimum Cuts : An improved CREW PRAM algorithm." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287962.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis considers the minimum cut problem in undirected, weighted graphs. We present a simple randomized CREW PRAM algorithm to find the minimum cut in a graph G with n nodes and m edges, based on Karger’s celebrated randomized near-linear time min-cut algorithm [STOC’96]. It has near-linear work O(m log2 n + n log6 n) and low depth O(log3 n), and returns the correct result with high probability. This is the first improvement to the best previous O(m log4 n) work and O(log3 n) depth CREW PRAM min-cut algorithm by Geissmann and Gianinazzi [SPAA’18]. For his randomized near-linear min-cut algorithm, Karger used a connection between minimum cuts and maximum packings of spanning trees to reduce the min-cut problem into two subproblems: (i) compute an approximate maximum tree packing S, and (ii) find the minimum cut of the graph G that cuts at most two edges from some tree in S—this is referred to as the 2-respecting min-cut problem. To achieve our main result, we give parallel algorithms for both subproblems. More precisely, we present the following. An O(m log n + n log5 n) work and O(log2 n) depth CREW PRAM algorithm for the 2-respecting min-cut problem. This is obtained from parallelizing a recent sequential algorithm by Mukhopadhay and Nanongkai [STOC’20] that improves on Karger’s original result. An O(m log2 n + n log4 n) work and O(log3 n) depth EREW PRAM algorithm to find an approximate maximum tree packing. This improves in a log n factor the work of the previously best known bound claimed by Karger [STOC’96] and used by Geissmann and Gianinazzi [SPAA’18]. In addition, we develop the following independent results: A parallel implementation of the range tree data structure in two dimensions: given a set of n weighted points in the plane, it can be constructed using O(n log n) work and O(log2 n) depth on an EREW PRAM. In the CREW PRAM model, it supports the range counting, range reporting, and range sum queries work-optimally with O(log n) depth. An O(log2 n+t log n)-time sequential algorithm to answer a 2-dimensional weighted range sampling query in a range tree on n weighted points. The query is defined as follows: given an integer t, sample t points independently from a query range, where each point is selected with probability proportional to its weight. In the CREW PRAM model, we show how to support this query work-optimally with O(log n) depth.Denna avhandling behandlar minsta-snittproblemet i oriktade, viktade grafer. För att hitta det minsta snittet i en graf G med n noder och m kanter presenterar vi en enkel slumpbaserad CREW PRAM algoritm som är baserad på Kargers berömda, slumpbaserade, minsta-snittalgoritm med nära-linjär körtid [STOC’96]. Vår algoritm kräver nära-linjärt arbete O(m log2 n + n log6 n) och lågt djup O(log3 n), och är korrekt med hög sannolikhet. Detta är den första förbättringen till den tidigare bästa CREW PRAM minsta-snittalgoritmen av Geissmann och Gianinazzi [SPAA’18] som kräver O(m log4 n) arbete och har O(log3 n) djup. I sin slumpbaserade och nära-linjära minsta-snittalgoritm använder sig Karger av ett samband mellan minsta snitt och maximala packningar av uppspännande träd vilket förminskar problemet till två delproblem: (i) beräkna en approximativ maximal packning av uppspännande träd S, och (ii) hitta minsta snittet av grafen G som har som mest två kanter i något träd i S—känt som det 2- respekterande minsta-snittproblemet. För att åstadkomma vårt huvudresultat ger vi parallella algoritmer för båda delproblemen. Mer specifikt så presenterar vi följande. En CREW PRAM algoritm för det 2-respekterande minsta-snittproblemet som kräver O (m log n+n log5 n) arbete och vars djup är O(log2 n). Vi erhåller detta från att parallellisera en ny sekventiell algoritm av Mukhopadhay och Nanongkai [STOC’20] vilken i sig förbättrar Kargers ursprungliga resultat. En EREW PRAM algoritm för att beräkna en approximtiv maximal packning av uppspännande träd som kräver O (m log2 n + n log4 n) arbete och vars djup är O (log3 n). Detta förbättrar den tidigare bästa gränsen för minsta arbete med en faktor log n, hävdad av Karger [STOC 96], och som används av Geissmann och Gianinazzi [SPAA 18]. Utöver detta utvecklar vi följande självständiga resultat: En parallell implementation av ett värdemängdsträd i två dimensioner: givet en mängd av n viktade punkter i planet så kan den konstrueras genom O(n log n) arbete och med O(log2 n) djup genom en EREW PRAM algoritm. I CREW PRAM modellen så stödjer den värdemängdsräkning, värdemängdsrapportering, och förfrågor om värdemängdssummationer optimalt med avseende på arbetet och med O(log n) djup. En sekventiell algoritm med O(log2 n + t log n) körtid för att besvara en förfrågan av ett 2-dimensionellt viktat värdemängdsstickprov i ett värdemängdsträd på n viktade punkter. Förfrågan definieras som följande: givet ett heltal t, välj slumpmässigt oberoende t punkter ur en värdetalsmängd. Varje punkt väljs med sannolikhet proportionell till sin vikt. I CREW PRAM modellen visar vi hur man kan stödja förfrågan optimalt med avseende på arbetet och med O(log n) djup.
5
Gross, Jürgen. "Eine Implementierung von Lubys Algorithmus für die Cray T3E." [S.l.] : Universität Stuttgart , Fakultät Informatik, 1999. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8385928.
Full text
6
We̜growicz, Paulina. "Linear programming on the reconfigurable mesh and the CREW PRAM." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59985.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a new parallel algorithm for solving the linear programming problem in $R sp{d}$ for the reconfigurable mesh architecture and for the CREW PRAM model. The algorithm is based on the sequential technique discovered independently by Megiddo (Meg83, Meg84) and by Dyer (Dye84, Dye86), which gives a linear time algorithm, in n, the number of constraints, to solve the linear programming problem in d variables, when d is fixed. The parallel algorithm runs in O(log$ sp3$n) time in $R sp2$, $O(n sp{1/3}$log$ sp3$n) time in $R sp{3}$ and in $O(n sp{1/2}$) time in $R sp{d}$ on the reconfigurable mesh of size n. A simplified version of the same algorithm runs in O(log$ sp{d}$n) time on the CREW PRAM. The o($n sp{1/2}$) running times achieved by the parallel linear programming algorithm in $R sp{2}$ and $R sp{3}$ are due to a novel selection algorithm, which is also presented in this thesis. The selection algorithm runs in O(log$ sp3$n) time on the reconfigurable mesh. As is the case with the sequential technique, it will be shown that the parallel technique can be applied towards solving other problems such as linear separability, circular separability, digital disk and the Euclidean one-center problem, and can be extended to solve quadratic programming problems, in particular finding the smallest circle separating two sets of points.
7
Vulcani-Freitas, Tânia Maria [UNIFESP]. "Perfil de expressão dos genes MYC, MYCN, TERT, ASPM e PRAME em Meduloblastoma." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9928.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2010-04-28Meduloblastoma (MB) é o tumor maligno de sistema nervoso central (SNC) mais comum em criança, compreendendo 20% dos tumores primários de SNC e 40% dos tumores cerebelares da infância. Devido sua forte tendência metastática, o tratamento padrão pós-operatório inclui radio e quimioterapia, cujo impacto causa distúrbios endócrinos e de crescimento, e disfunção neurocognitiva a longo prazo. Frente a esses efeitos negativos, muitas pesquisas em meduloblastoma têm sido realizadas com intuito de obter conhecimento biológico desses tumores para tentar identificar fatores prognósticos moleculares que possam orientar os tratamentos, tornando-os mais específicos e menos agressivos. Alguns estudos em MB têm sugerido que a expressão do oncogene MYC está associada com diminuição da sobrevida e sua superexpressão com maior agressividade do tumor. Por isso, MYC pode ser um indicador importante de prognóstico, além de modulador do comportamento desta doença. Enquanto o gene MYC é expresso em uma variedade de tecidos, a expressão de MYCN, outro membro da família MYC, é restrita a estágios precoces do desenvolvimento embrionário de alguns tecidos apenas, entre eles, o sistema nervoso central e periférico, sendo um mediador importante dos efeitos de ativação na proliferação de células precursoras cerebelares. Dessa forma, quando a expressão de MYCN está desregulada, ela aumenta a tumorigenicidade dessas células podendo dar origem ao MB. Além disso, o gene MYC também é considerado importante regulador da transcrição TERT, gene que codifica uma subunidade catálica de da telomerase, enzima importante para carcinogênese e imortalização de células neoplásicas. A atividade anormal da telomerase está presente em 90% dos cânceres e o aumento de sua atividade está associado a eventos clínicos desfavoráveis. Outro gene importante é o ASPM (abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated) que desempenha função fundamental na neurogênese e proliferação celular durante o desenvolvimento cerebral. Esse gene codifica uma proteína de centrossomo e fuso mitótico que permite a divisão celular simétrica em células neuroepiteliais durante o desenvolvimento e aumento do tamanho cerebral. Alterações em ASPM é a causa mais comum de microcefalia primária em humanos e de falha de segregação, induzindo a aneuploidias e instabilidade genética. Além desses genes, outro gene estudado recentemente, como alvo em xv imunoterapia, é o gene PRAME que codifica um antígeno tumoral que está presente em vários tumores, incluindo meduloblastoma. O gene PRAME possui baixa ou ausência de expressão em tecidos normais, por isso é pode ser um forte candidato como alvo em imunoterapia, que é um tratamento menos tóxico. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a expressão dos genes MYC, MYCN, TERT, ASPM e PRAME em fragmentos tumorais de meduloblastoma de crianças e tentar correlacionar com os parâmetros clínicos e verificar se há correlação de MYC, MYCN, TERT entre si, uma vez que estão correlacionados. MÉTODOS: Análise de expressão gênica foi realizada através de PCR quantitativa em tempo real, utilizando sistema SYBR Green, em 37 amostras tumorais de crianças, com média de idade de 8 anos. Para comparação de perfil de expressão foi usada duas amostra de cérebro normal. A análise estatística foi realizada nos programas Graph Pad Prism 4 e VassarStats RESULTADOS: Todas nossas amostras superexpressaram o gene MYCN com valor de quantificação relativa (RQ) mediana igual a 31 com p=0.001; assim como, todas nossas amostras também superexpressaram o gene ASPM com mediana igual a 586, p<0.0001. Do total de amostras, 95%, 81% e 84% superexpressaram TERT, MYC e PRAME respectivamente, sendo os valores de RQ (mediana) iguais a 322, p=0.01; 9.2, p<0.0001; 33, p<0.0001. Apesar da elevada expressão dos genes estudados na maioria das amostras estudadas, houve apenas correlação estatística entre a superexpressão de MYCN (p=0.008) e os pacientes que foram a óbito, e de TERT e os pacientes que recidivaram (p=0.0431). Não encontramos outra correlação estatística entre a superexpressão dos genes e as características clínicas dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Os genes MYC, MYCN e TERT estavam superexpressos nas amostras de meduloblastoma analisadas em uma freqüência muito superior ao demonstrado na literatura, o que sugere que esses três genes podem ajudar na identificação de tumores agressivos, uma vez que o pognóstico desses pacientes continua baseado apenas em parâmentros clínicos. A superexpressão de ASPM em todas as amostras estudadas sugere que este gene pode estar envolvido na origem de MB, como parte da neurogênse anormal durante o desenvolvimento embrionário, porém estudoas funcionais devem ser realizados para confirmar essa hipótese. Por fim, o gene PRAME pode ser candidato à marcador de célula tumoral em MB, podendo no futuro ser candidato como alvo em imunoterapias.
To investigate the expression of genes MYC, MYCN and TERT in tumor fragments of pediatric medulloblastoma and correlate gene expression profiles with clinical parameters. Analysis of gene expression was performed by quantitative PCR real time in 37 tumor samples and correlated with clinical and pathological data. All 37 samples overexpressed MYCN gene (p= 0.001), 95% and 84% of the samples overexpressed TERT and MYC, respectively (p<0.0001). Twenty nine (78%) of all samples had concomitant high expression of MYC, MYCN and TERT genes together. Seventeen (59%) were high-risk classification, 10 (34%) were metastatic (M+) stage, two (7%) were anaplastic or largecell/ anaplastic subtype, eight (28%) of patients relapsed, beyond thirteen (45%) suffered partial surgical resection. and fourteen (48%) died. We found correlation between MYC, MYCN and TERT expression (p<0.0001). The identification of a subgroup with concomitant overexpression of the three investigated genes suggests the possibility of using more than one aspect of molecular indicative of unfavorable prognosis that characterizes the group with poor outcome. However, in future this may be enhanced by targeted therapy for the product TERT as proposed in some neoplasms. The identification of molecular events in the medulloblastoma categorization aims to help at-risk groups moving towards individualized medicine.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
8
Denis, Frédéric. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de PRAM-1 : un nouvel adaptateur des cellules myéloïdes." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA11T057.
Full text
9
Armstrong, Kylie Jan. "Effectiveness of a pram walking intervention for women experiencing postnatal depression." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15837/1/Kylie_Armstrong_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research project was to examine the effects of exercise and social support for postnatal women who reported experiencing Postnatal Depression (PND). PND is a serious condition that affects up to 10%-15% of women (O'Hara & Swain, 1996). Many previous studies have reported an improvement of depressive symptomatology following a pram walking intervention. However, no published research exists which assesses postnatal women who report experiencing PND. A randomised controlled trial was used, where pre-test data were compared to post-test effects. Two studies were conducted. In study 1 (n= 20) a multi-intervention group (exercise and social support) was compared to a control group who received no intervention. Study 2 (n= 19) was conducted 20 months later on a different group of women and involved a pram walking intervention group and a comparison social support group. Structured questionnaires assessing depressive symptomatology, general health and levels of social support were administered at pre-test phase, week 6 and 12. A sub-maximal fitness test was conducted the week before the program started and at week 12. The chief investigator was present at all sessions to guide the participants. Study 1 (S1): The multi-intervention group attended 3 pram walking sessions per week. After the exercise session the group met for refreshments in a local hall. The control group was only required to perform the fitness tests and answer the questionnaires. A 6-week alternative program of exercise and social support was offered to all the women at the completion of the intervention period. Study 2 (S2): The pram walking group met for 2 exercise sessions and were required to make up the third session independently. The comparison social support group met once per week for morning tea with the children. The samples for both studies were drawn from the Gold Coast region in Australia. Women of childbearing age who were experiencing depressive symptoms were recruited. For S1 their child had to be less than or equal to 12 months and for S2 the age cut off was increased to less than or equal to 18 months. The participants were screened to ensure that they did not have a medical condition that would prevent regular aerobic exercise and they were also excluded if they had a previous history of mental illness or could not speak English. Demographic data were obtained from each participant and details such as height, weight and age were collected for use in analysing fitness levels. The data for each study were collected across three time points (pre, week 6 and week 12) using widely tested instruments. Some additional questions relating to the participants experiences were collected at the completion of the study from the women allocated to the intervention groups. Data were also collected on fitness levels (pre and week 12) and the instrument was tested for its reliability. Both pram walking intervention groups were required to complete a weekly exercise diary. For each study, to test for the effect of the intervention over time, a two-way analysis of variance was conducted on the major outcome variables. Group (intervention versus control) was the between subject factor and time (pre-test, week 6, week 12) was the within subject factor or repeated measures factor. Due to the small sample size, further tests were conducted to check the assumptions of the statistical test to be used. The results showed that using Mauchly's Test, the Sphericity assumptions of repeated measures for ANOVA were met. Further, tests of homogeneity of variance assumptions also confirmed that this assumption was met. Data analysis was conducted using the software package SPSS for Windows Release 10.0. (Norusis, 2000). Overall, the findings from both S1 and S2 showed that the groups who received the pram walking intervention improved their depressive symptomatology and fitness levels when compared to those of the control (S1) and social support group (S2). Social support levels did not alter for either group from both studies. These results are encouraging and suggest that a pram walking program is an effective form of intervention for postnatal women experiencing depressive symptomatology.
10
Armstrong, Kylie Jan. "Effectiveness of a Pram Walking Intervention for Women Experiencing Postnatal Depression." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15837/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research project was to examine the effects of exercise and social support for postnatal women who reported experiencing Postnatal Depression (PND). PND is a serious condition that affects up to 10%-15% of women (O'Hara & Swain, 1996). Many previous studies have reported an improvement of depressive symptomatology following a pram walking intervention. However, no published research exists which assesses postnatal women who report experiencing PND. A randomised controlled trial was used, where pre-test data were compared to post-test effects. Two studies were conducted. In study 1 (n= 20) a multi-intervention group (exercise and social support) was compared to a control group who received no intervention. Study 2 (n= 19) was conducted 20 months later on a different group of women and involved a pram walking intervention group and a comparison social support group. Structured questionnaires assessing depressive symptomatology, general health and levels of social support were administered at pre-test phase, week 6 and 12. A sub-maximal fitness test was conducted the week before the program started and at week 12. The chief investigator was present at all sessions to guide the participants. Study 1 (S1): The multi-intervention group attended 3 pram walking sessions per week. After the exercise session the group met for refreshments in a local hall. The control group was only required to perform the fitness tests and answer the questionnaires. A 6-week alternative program of exercise and social support was offered to all the women at the completion of the intervention period. Study 2 (S2): The pram walking group met for 2 exercise sessions and were required to make up the third session independently. The comparison social support group met once per week for morning tea with the children. The samples for both studies were drawn from the Gold Coast region in Australia. Women of childbearing age who were experiencing depressive symptoms were recruited. For S1 their child had to be less than or equal to 12 months and for S2 the age cut off was increased to less than or equal to 18 months. The participants were screened to ensure that they did not have a medical condition that would prevent regular aerobic exercise and they were also excluded if they had a previous history of mental illness or could not speak English. Demographic data were obtained from each participant and details such as height, weight and age were collected for use in analysing fitness levels. The data for each study were collected across three time points (pre, week 6 and week 12) using widely tested instruments. Some additional questions relating to the participants experiences were collected at the completion of the study from the women allocated to the intervention groups. Data were also collected on fitness levels (pre and week 12) and the instrument was tested for its reliability. Both pram walking intervention groups were required to complete a weekly exercise diary. For each study, to test for the effect of the intervention over time, a two-way analysis of variance was conducted on the major outcome variables. Group (intervention versus control) was the between subject factor and time (pre-test, week 6, week 12) was the within subject factor or repeated measures factor. Due to the small sample size, further tests were conducted to check the assumptions of the statistical test to be used. The results showed that using Mauchly's Test, the Sphericity assumptions of repeated measures for ANOVA were met. Further, tests of homogeneity of variance assumptions also confirmed that this assumption was met. Data analysis was conducted using the software package SPSS for Windows Release 10.0. (Norusis, 2000). Overall, the findings from both S1 and S2 showed that the groups who received the pram walking intervention improved their depressive symptomatology and fitness levels when compared to those of the control (S1) and social support group (S2). Social support levels did not alter for either group from both studies. These results are encouraging and suggest that a pram walking program is an effective form of intervention for postnatal women experiencing depressive symptomatology.
11
Snášel, Martin. "Design dětského kočárku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227906.
Full textAbstract:
Pram is more complicated product, than you may think. Regular first opinion puts pram into some sort of toy but it is exactly contrary. This product contains user’s demands from two point of view - parents and baby. These users have different needs and - as we are get used today - we want to have not just working stuffs but modern, nice and make it naturally like part of our lifes. We can’t prefer design and leave functionality behind or make it really complicated to produce just with efford create something new. In this project I tried find compromise and come out with design with new features, ideas and experimental look but with same function ability. Main point of designing the pram was create universal pram with easy use during whole first 3 baby periods (from 0 to 2 years old baby) and decrease the final number of needed parts. I focused on original design and carriage parts which can be formed according to baby needs. Create universall pram but also easy to transport and fold. There are two main features designed completelly from scratch: modifiable carriage part and design attractive no center axis wheels.
12
Tiskin, Alexandre. "The design and analysis of bulk-synchronous parallel algorithms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302334.
Full text
13
Lööw, Andreas. "A Functional-Level Simulator for the Configurable (Many-Core) PRAM-Like REPLICA Architecture." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-79049.
Full textAbstract:
This master's thesis discusses the design and implementation of a simulator for the REPLICA architecture, a many-core PRAM-like machine. REPLICA provides a programming model that seemingly cannot be provided by mainstream hardware without significant slowdown compared to traditional models. This also implies that it is difficult to simulate REPLICA's programming model on mainstream hardware. Simulator design decisions are described and the resulting simulator is evaluated and compared to existing simulators, where we see that the simulator presented in this thesis is the fastest of them. As seen from the discussion focus in the thesis, most efforts were directed towards simulator execution speed rather than user-facing features.
14
Hansson, Erik. "Code Generation and Global Optimization Techniques for a Reconfigurable PRAM-NUMA Multicore Architecture." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111333.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis we describe techniques for code generation and global optimization for a PRAM-NUMA multicore architecture. We specifically focus on the REPLICA architecture which is a family massively multithreaded very long instruction word (VLIW) chip multiprocessors with chained functional units that has a reconfigurable emulated shared on-chip memory. The on-ship memory system supports two execution modes, PRAM and NUMA, which can be switched between at run-time.PRAM mode is considered the standard execution mode and targets mainly applications with very high thread level parallelism (TLP). In contrast, NUMA mode is optimized for sequential legacy applications and applications with low amount of TLP. Different versions of the REPLICA architecture have different number of cores, hardware threads and functional units. In order to utilize the REPLICA architecture efficiently we have made several contributionsto the development of a compiler for REPLICA target code generation. It supports both code generation for PRAM mode and NUMA mode and can generate code for different versions of the processor pipeline (i.e. for different numbers of functional units). It includes optimization phases to increase the utilization of the available functional units. We have also contributed to quantitative the evaluation of PRAM and NUMA mode. The results show that PRAM mode often suits programs with irregular memory access patterns and control flow best while NUMA mode suites regular programs better. However, for a particular program it is not always obvious which mode, PRAM or NUMA, will show best performance. To tackle this we contributed a case study for generic stencil computations, using machine learning derived cost models in order to automatically select at runtime which mode to execute in. We extended this to also include a sequence of kernels.
15
Wedin, Erik, and Fredrik Lundeberg. "Prototyping and Modeling of a Temperature Controlled Sleeping Surface in a Child Pram." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262492.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate temperature control is important for various applications and products. This would also be the case in an electrically heated child pram, since children are vulnerable to both cold and warm environments. There will be high demands that a heated/cooled child pram maintains stable temperatures on the sleeping surface. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the feasibility of model-based control design for an electrically heated child pram. To realize this, a prototype is developed as well as a thermodynamic model of the child pram's sleeping surface. Finally, a temperature controller is proposed and later implemented on the real plant, using PI tuner on the thermodynamic model. A white-box modeling approach is selected to construct a model of the heat system. The model is developed in MATLAB Simulink/Simscape environment. Based on measured data from system testing, Simulink Design Optimization Tool is employed to estimate and verify some important parameters of the developed model. Consequently, a grey-box model of improved accuracy is generated, which is then used for controller design. The controller is tested and refined in simulation environment, before being implemented on the prototype. After this, its performance is validated against the simulated controller as well as the initial system requirements. The proposed controller shows high equivalence in simulation and in practise. It also meets thedesign specifications for this specific temperature controlled child pram. The results show that model-based design is a suitable method to develop temperature controllers for an electrically heated child pram. This thesis also highlights how to improve the accuracy of a white-box model, which plays a significant role in controller design.Noggrann temperaturreglering har stor betydelse för olika applikationer och produkter. Detta gäller till exempel för en eluppvärmd barnvagn, eftersom barn är känsliga mot både kalla- och varma temperaturer. Det är därför viktigt att en temperaturreglerad barnvagn kan hålla en stabil yttemperatur. Syftet med det här arbetet är att utveckla en prototyp och en termodynamisk modell av en elektriskt uppvärmd barnvagn. Med hjälp av modellen ska temperaturregulatorer designas. Forskningen i arbetet gör gällande att utvärdera modell-baserad temperaturreglering av ett sådant system. En "white-box model"-ansats är vald och modellen utvecklas i MATLAB Simulink/Simscape. Modellens noggrannhet förbättras genom att använda uppmätta data i Simulink Design Optimization toolbox för att estimera utvalda parametrar. Den slutliga modellen är därför en "grey-box model". Modellen används sedan för att utveckla temperaturreglering för systemet. Regulatorn implementeras på prototypen och utvärderas mot den simulerade regulatorn samt de ursprungliga kraven på systemet. Den utvecklade regulatorn visar hög ekvivalens mellan simulerade- och uppmätta tester på prototypen. Regulatorn motsvarar de härledda reglerkraven. Resultatet visar att modell-baserad design är en rimlig metod för att utveckla temperaturreglering åt en eluppvärmd barnvagn. Arbetet visar även på hur man kan förbättra noggrannheten på modellen genom att tillämpa uppmätta data från prototyptester.
16
Alnervik, Erik. "Evaluation of the Configurable Architecture REPLICA with Emulated Shared Memory." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104313.
Full textAbstract:
REPLICA is a family of novel scalable chip multiprocessors with configurable emulated shared memory architecture, whose computation model is based on the PRAM (Parallel Random Access Machine) model. The purpose of this thesis is to, by benchmarking different types of computation problems on REPLICA, similar parallel architectures (SB-PRAM and XMT) and more diverse ones (Xeon X5660 and Tesla M2050), evaluate how REPLICA is positioned among other existing architectures, both in performance and programming effort. But it should also examine if REPLICA is more suited for any special kinds of computational problems. By using some of the well known Berkeley dwarfs, and input from unbiased sources, such as The University of Florida Sparse Matrix Collection and Rodinia benchmark suite, we have made sure that the benchmarks measure relevant computation problems. We show that today’s parallel architectures have some performance issues for applications with irregular memory access patterns, which the REPLICA architecture can solve. For example, REPLICA only need to be clocked with a few MHz to match both Xeon X5660 and Tesla M2050 for the irregular memory access benchmark breadth first search. By comparing the efficiency of REPLICA to a CPU (Xeon X5660), we show that it is easier to program REPLICA efficiently than today’s multiprocessors.REPLICA är en grupp av konfigurerbara multiprocessorer som med hjälp utav ett emulerat delat minne realiserar PRAM modellen. Syftet med denna avhandling är att genom benchmarking av olika beräkningsproblem på REPLICA, liknande (SB-PRAM och XMT) och mindre lika (Xeon X5660 och Tesla M2050) parallella arkitekturer, utvärdera hur REPLICA står sig mot andra befintliga arkitekturer. Både prestandamässigt och hur enkel arkitekturen är att programmera effektiv, men även försöka ta reda på om REPLICA är speciellt lämpad för några särskilda typer av beräkningsproblem. Genom att använda välkända Berkeley dwarfs applikationer och opartisk indata från bland annat The University of Florida Sparse Matrix Collection och Rodinia benchmark suite, säkerställer vi att det är relevanta beräkningsproblem som utförs och mäts. Vi visar att dagens parallella arkitekturer har problem med prestandan för applikationer med oregelbundna minnesaccessmönster, vilken REPLICA arkitekturen kan vara en lösning på. Till exempel, så behöver REPLICA endast vara klockad med några få MHz för att matcha både Xeon X5660 och Tesla M2050 för algoritmen breadth first search, vilken lider av just oregelbunden minnesåtkomst. Genom att jämföra effektiviteten för REPLICA gentemot en CPU (Xeon X5660), visar vi att det är lättare att programmera REPLICA effektivt än dagens multiprocessorer.
17
Stemann, Volker. "Contention resolution in hashing based shared memory simulations /." Paderborn : Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Univ.-GH Paderborn, 1995. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=006901439&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text
18
Albers, Sinje Verfasser], and Carsten [Akademischer Betreuer] [Bokemeyer. "Erfassung von PRAME - und SOX - 2 - spezifischen Antikörpern bei Patienten mit Multiplem Myelom / Sinje Albers. Betreuer: Carsten Bokemeyer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1082347574/34.
Full text
19
Zhou, Cheng. "A source-to-source compiler for the PRAM language Fork to the REPLICA many-core architecture." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-80835.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes the implementation of a source to source compiler that translates Fork language to REPLICA baseline language. The Fork language is a high-level programming language designed for the PRAM (Parallel Random Access Machine) model. The baseline language is a low-level parallel programming language for the REPLICA architecture which implements the PRAM computing model. To support the Fork language on REPLICA, a compiler that translates Fork to baseline is built. The Fork to baseline compiler is built in compatibility with the Fork implementation for SB-PRAM. Moreover, the libraries that support Fork's features are built using baseline language.The evaluation result verifies that the features of the Fork language are supported in the implementation. The evaluation also shows the scalability of our implementation and shows that the overhead introduced by Fork-to-baseline translation is small.
20
Åkesson, Daniel. "An LLVM Back-end for REPLICA : Code Generation for a Multi-core VLIWProcessor with Chaining." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, PELAB - Laboratoriet för programmeringsomgivningar, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-77405.
Full textAbstract:
REPLICA is a PRAM-NUMA hybrid architecture, with support for instructionlevel parallelism as a VLIW architecture. REPLICA can also chain instructionsso that the output from an earlier instruction can be used as input to a laterinstruction in the same execution step. There are plans in the REPLICA project to develop a new C-based program-ming language, compilers and libraries to speed up development of parallel pro-grams. We have developed a LLVM back-end as a part of the REPLICA projectthat can be used to generate code for the REPLICA architecture. We have alsocreated a simple optimization algorithm to make better use of REPLICAs supportfor instruction level parallelism. Some changes to Clang, LLVMs front-end forC/C++/Objective-C, was also necessary so that we could use assembler in-liningin our REPLICA programs. Using Clang to compile C-code to LLVMs internal representation and LLVMwith our REPLICA back-end to transform LLVMs internal representation intoMBTAC1 assembler.REPLICA är en VLIW liknande PRAM-NUMA arkitektur, med möjlighet för attkedja ihop instruktioner så att resultat från tidigare instruktioner kan användassom indata till nästa instruktion i samma exekveringssteg. Inom REPLICA projetet finns planer på att utecklar ett nytt C-baserat pro-grammeringsspråk, kompilatorer och bibliotek för att snabbba upp utvecklingen avparallella program. Som en del av REPLICA projektet har vi utvecklat ett kompi-lator back-end för LLVM som kan användas för att generera kod till REPLICA. Vihar även utvecklat en enklare optimerings algoritm för att bättre utnyttja REPLI-CAs förmåga för instruktions parallelisering. Vi har även gjort ändringar i Clang,LLVMs front-end för C/C++/Objective-C, så att vi kan använda inline assembleri REPLICA program. Med Clang kan man kompilera C-kod till LLVMs interna representation somi sin tur genom LLVM och REPLICA back-end kan omvandlas till MBTAC3 as-sembler.
21
Sharapova, Saida R. "The Role of Stress in Racial Disparities of Preterm and Low Birth Weight Births in Georgia." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/247.
Full textAbstract:
SAIDA SHARAPOVA
The role of stress in racial disparities of preterm and low birth weight births in Georgia
(Under the direction of Richard Rothenberg, MD, MPH)
Preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) are the leading causes of infant deaths in Georgia. Georgia PRAMS data (2004-2008) were analyzed for non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black women with singleton births, using SAS 9.2 survey procedures. Thirteen stressful life events experienced in a year before delivery, socio-demographic, medical and behavioral risks were used as predictors of PTB and LBW. Significant racial disparity in birth outcomes and risks was found. In Whites stressful events were associated with adverse birth outcomes in bivariate logistic regression, but weakened when controlling for other factors (income, education, maternal age, maternal health, alcohol and tobacco use, infant’s gender and birth defects). In Blacks, association between stressful events and adverse birth outcomes adjusted for other risks was stronger. Socio-economic factors and mother’s health status were more significant in predicting birth outcome. Women’s health and SES improvement might increase favorable pregnancy outcomes and reduce racial disparities.
22
Carvalho, Daniel Diniz de. "Regulação da expressão de SH3BGRL2, D53, PRAME, DAP12 e calcineurina A beta por BCR-ABL e consequências biológicas dessa regulação na LMC." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42133/tde-03022010-091640/.
Full textAbstract:
Sabe-se que TRAIL é capaz de matar células tumorais de forma seletiva e que TRAIL tem sua expressão reduzida em diversos tumores, porém pouco se sabe sobre os mecanismos responsáveis pela sua inibição. Tendo em vista que a expressão de TRAIL pode ser regulada pelo Ácido Retinóico; que PRAME é capaz de inibir a via do ácido retinóico através da proteína EZH2 e que nós observamos anteriormente que a expressão de TRAIL esta diminuída em pacientes com LMC, nós decidimos investigar a associação entre PRAME, EZH2 e TRAIL na LMC. Nós demonstramos que PRAME, mas não EZH2, tem sua expressão aumentada em células BCR-ABL+ e sua expressão está associada com a progressão da LMC. Alem disto, existe uma correlação positiva entre PRAME e BCR-ABL e negativa entre PRAME e TRAIL nestes pacientes. A inibição da expressão de PRAME ou EZH2 por RNAi induziu um aumento da expressão de TRAIL. Estes dados revelam um novo mecanismo de regulação responsável por diminuir a expressão de TRAIL, e geram novos possíveis alvos para a terapia da LMC e, possivelmente, também para outros tumores.TRAIL was shown to selectively kill tumor cells. Not surprisingly, TRAIL is down-regulated in a variety of tumor cells, but the mechanism responsible for TRAIL inhibition remains elusive. Because TRAIL can be regulate by retinoic acid; PRAME was shown to inhibit transcription of retinoic acid receptor target genes through the polycomb protein EZH2; and we have found that TRAIL is inversely correlated with BCR-ABL in CML patients, we decided to investigate the association of PRAME, EZH2 and TRAIL in BCR-ABL-positive leukemia. Here, we demonstrate that PRAME, but not EZH2, is up-regulated in BCR-ABL cells and is associated with the progression of disease in CML patients. In addition, PRAME expression is positively correlated with BCR-ABL and negatively with TRAIL in these patients. Importantly, knocking down of PRAME or EZH2 by RNA interference restores TRAIL expression. Our data reveal a novel regulatory mechanism responsible for lowering TRAIL expression and provide the basis of alternative targets for combined therapeutic strategies for CML.
23
Wadelin, Frances Roswyn. "The proto-oncoprotein PRAME associates with the Cullin-2E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and is upregulated in response to bacterial pathogen associated molecual patterns." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574661.
Full textAbstract:
PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma) is a cancer-testis antigen that is expressed in normal testis tissue and is detected at high levels in a number of haematological and solid organ malignancies. Little is known about the physiological function of PRAME, although a role in the repression of retinoic acid receptor signalling and modulation of cell proliferation has been proposed. PRAME has been shown to promote leukaemogenesis; therefore it is important to understand its expression is regulated in normal and cancerous cells. The aim of this thesis was to investigate PRAME gene regulation and to discover clues to its function by affinity purification of interacting proteins. Using sequence similarity searches, PRAME is defined here as a leucine-rich repeat protein, and it is shown to undergo both nuclear and cytoplasmic localisation. Transcription of the PRAME gene is shown to be induced by exposure of malignant cell lines to bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in combination with interferon-y. Evidence is presented that PAMP/interferon-y treatment also upregulates the translation of PRAME, and alters the subcellular localisation of PRAME protein, resulting in its association with the Golgi apparatus. These results suggest that PRAME may have a role in the innate immune response. Using affinity purification and mass spectrometry, novel PRAME- interacting proteins were identified. PRAME is shown to associate with the Cullin-2-E3 ubiquitin ligase complex via interaction with elongin C, as validated by in vitro binding studies, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining. Cytoplasmic PRAME is shown to colocalise with elongins in Golgi-like vesicles. In addition, PRAME is shown to interact with histones. Based on these results, it is proposed that PRAME is a BC-box protein that may function as a substrate targeting component of Cullin-2-E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may aid in trafficking of intracellular proteins to endosomes and Golgi for degradation or modification. The interaction with histones suggests that nuclear PRAME may perform some role in gene regulation, and future studies will explore its potential role in histone ubiquitination.
24
Williams, Thomas Mervyn. "Monitoring the Impact of Scott Base in Antarctica: A Recent Evaluation of Wastewater, Water and Soil Quality at Pram Point, Ross Island." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Gateway Antarctica, Chemistry and Waterways Centre for Freshwater Management, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9333.
Full textAbstract:
Antarctica is widely perceived as the most untouched continent on Earth. However, increasing anthropogenic presence in Antarctica is creating continual pressure on the pristine environment. To protect the Antarctic environment, monitoring and reporting procedures must be a priority for Nations wishing to conduct research on the continent. A significant contributor to environmental degradation is poor waste management and waste disposal, in particular the discharge of sewage and wastewater into the marine environment. This study provides information on the potential impact of Scott Base wastewater on the local marine environment, which can be used to improve operating systems and as a tool to ultimately reduce the environmental footprint of the base.
This study investigated the characteristics of the sewage from Scott Base, Antarctica, and the water quality within the wastewater discharge plume beneath the sea ice. Results from seawater analysis were then compared with Redvers (2000) to give an indication of how contamination levels have changed over the last decade. Results show that in the vicinity of the wastewater outfall, seawater samples contained no faecal coliforms or Escherichia coli. Nitrate-Nitrogen (NO3ˉ- N) concentrations were recorded up to 1.1 mg/L, while phosphate (PO43-) ranged from 0.28 to 0.45 mg/L. The pH ranged from 7.84 to 7.92. Dissolved oxygen ranged between 10.05 and 13.02 mg/L, and conductivity between 48.4 to 55.2 mS/cm. Concentrations of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) were greatest at sites within 30m of the outfall. Iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) were detected at most sites within the plume. The general spatial extent of the plume is now approximately 50m long-shore, and 30m offshore. Compared to Redvers (2000) the current plume is more localised, with a reduction of approximately 100-125m long-shore and 10-20m offshore. Faecal coliforms have reduced to no longer be detected within the plume, while dissolved oxygen and total organic carbon concentrations in the plume have increased, and conductivity has decreased.
Soils surrounding Scott Base were also investigated as a potential source of trace metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) discharge to the marine environment. Total recoverable soil metal concentrations and readily leachable metal concentrations were measured. Sites were selected on the basis of being potential sources of contamination (fuel storage areas or refuelling areas), or potentially effecting the marine environment (shorelines). Results show that the greatest concentrations of metals and readily leachable metals were found primarily along the shoreline, and not necessarily where contamination related to current base activities is likely to occur. The results indicate that historic contamination may still persist in the terrestrial environment, and has the potential to be transported into the marine environment.
Domestic and drinking water samples were analysed for trace metals and nutrients to ensure that contaminants from the wastewater outfall were not entering the reverse osmosis plant. Results show that the drinking water meets New Zealand Drinking Water Standards (Ministry of Health, 2008).
25
Horváth, Benjámin [Verfasser], Michel [Gutachter] Noutsias, Torsten [Gutachter] Doenst, and Matthias [Gutachter] Pauschinger. "Systematische Analyse von Publikationen über die T-PreAmp-Präamplifikationsmethode für Genexpressionsanalysen mittels real-time RT-PCR / Benjámin Horváth ; Gutachter: Michel Noutsias, Torsten Doenst, Matthias Pauschinger." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170396704/34.
Full text
26
Lutz, Mathias [Verfasser], and Stephan [Gutachter] Mielke. "T-Zell-Immunität gegen die tumorassoziierten Antigene HER2/neu, MUC1, PRAME und WT1 bei gesunden Blutspendern und Schwangeren als ein immuntherapeutisches Modell für die allogene Blutstammzelltransplantation / Mathias Lutz ; Gutachter: Stephan Mielke." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151128694/34.
Full text
27
Martin, Bruno. "Simulations d'automates cellulaires." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00212057.
Full textAbstract:
Ce mémoire est composé de deux grandes parties. Dans la première, nous simulons le fonctionnement d'automates cellulaires par différents modèles de calcul parallèle comme les PRAM, les XPRAM et les machines spatiales. Nous obtenons ainsi différentes preuves de l'universalité de ces modèles. Nous tirons quelques conséquences de ces résultats du point de vue de la calculabilité et de la complexité. Dans la seconde partie, nous considérons les automates cellulaires définis sur des graphes de Cayley finis. Nous rappelons la simulation de Róka qui permet de mimer le fonctionnement d'un tore hexagonal d'automates par un tore d'automates de dimension deux. Nous décrivons ensuite différentes manières de plonger un tore d'automates de dimension deux dans un anneau d'automates. Nous déduisons de ces résultats la simulation de tores de dimension finie par un anneau d'automates et celle d'un tore hexagonal d'automates par un anneau d'automates.
28
Bergogne, Laurent. "Quelques algorithmes parallèles sur des "séquences de" pour différents modèles de calcul parallèle." Amiens, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AMIE0130.
Full text
29
Buie, Mary Elizabeth. "An Examination of the Impact of Preconception Health on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes through the Theoretical Lens of Reciprocal Determinism." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3021.
Full textAbstract:
Statement of Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of preconception health on adverse pregnancy outcomes through the theoretical lens of reciprocal determinism. Thus, this study aims to develop a preconception health conceptual framework that accounts for the interactive relationships among behavior, the environment, and the person.
Rationale for the Study
Women may not recognize a pregnancy until the first or second missed menstrual cycle, a full four to eight weeks or more after conception. Once a woman realizes the possibility of a pregnancy, it takes further time to confirm the pregnancy with a home pregnancy kit or a visit to the health care provider. In that time period, the woman may have unknowingly exposed her embryo to nutritional deficiencies, over-the-counter drugs, tobacco, alcohol, or other toxins. Because nearly half of all pregnancies are unintended, yielding about three million unintended pregnancies in the U.S. annually, there is a need to shift care to an earlier period in a woman's life cycle with greater potential to prevent birth defects and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, also known as preconception care.
The preconception health movement began with the rationale that many adverse pregnancy outcomes are determined prior to prenatal care initiation. Thus, in addition to prenatal care, the need for preconception health arose. The empirical literature makes a strong case for the benefit of individual preconception health components and their effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the actual effectiveness of collective preconception health in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes has not yet been demonstrated. In an effort to evaluate the impact of preconception health on maternal morbidity, infant morbidity, and infant mortality, this study examined the reciprocal relationships between environmental, personal, and preconception behavioral factors and their associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Methods
A secondary data analysis was conducted using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 2005-2008 to test a preconception framework. Project 1 examined all variables in the preconception framework among the following states: Maine, New Jersey, Ohio, and Utah. Project 2 examined all variables except of two among all PRAMS-participating states. All of the variables in the proposed framework were derived from questions in the PRAMS survey or from PRAMS-linked birth certificate data. The research questions posed in this study were resolved through the path analyses of reduced and full iterations of the preconception framework in Projects 1 and 2.
Results
In Project 1, list-wise deletion of missing data resulted in a decrease from the original 27,933 participants to 12,239 participants. In Project 2, this action resulted in a decrease from the original 200,008 participants to 128,551 participants. The analysis of the reduced frameworks for both projects revealed extremely low R-squared values (1.1% or less). Subsequent analyses examining the full framework in Projects 1 and 2, as well as an additional post hoc analysis with supplementary PRAMS variables, resulted in R-squared values of 13.1%, 11.4%, and 30.5%, respectively.
Implications
This study examined the impact of preconception health behaviors on adverse pregnancy outcomes through the theoretical lens of reciprocal determinism. Preconception health behaviors alone accounted for a negligible portion of the variance associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. As hypothesized, preconception health behaviors work in concert with environmental factors, personal influences, prenatal and natal factors. Significant predictors supported in the literature included lower socioeconomic status, pregnancy intention, pregnancy history, older maternal age, black maternal race, Hispanic ethnicity, overweight maternal BMI, tobacco use prior to pregnancy, maternal complications, hospitalization during pregnancy, later prenatal care initiation, fewer prenatal care visits, plurality, and cesarean section. Even so, there is a large portion of the variance in adverse pregnancy outcomes that is not accounted for, and further examination is required.
30
Cha, Susan. "The Association between Prenatal Care Content and Quality with Preterm Birth and Maternal Postpartum Health Behaviors." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2079.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Health policies that seek to improve pregnancy outcomes focus on increasing the availability and access to prenatal care (PNC) services based on studies that support an association between insufficient PNC and adverse birth outcomes. These studies employ PNC utilization indices that measure the adequacy of PNC use, but these indices fail to account for the content or specific components of PNC. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to utilize PRAMS and birth certificate data to evaluate the content and quality of PNC in Virginia, and its impact on preterm birth and maternal postpartum health behaviors. Methods: Data was from the 2007 Virginia Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). This population-based data is representative of all Virginia women who have had a live birth recently and included 1,236 female participants. Results: Inadequate PNC was associated with nearly a three-fold increase in risk of low birth weight (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.5, 5.2), but not preterm birth. Women with adequate plus PNC were more likely to deliver infants who were preterm (OR = 10.2, 95% CI = 4.3, 24.4) and low birth weight (OR = 6.3, 95% CI = 4.2, 9.4). After adjusting for method of payment, income, and reported problems during pregnancy, women with lower income and no private insurance were more likely to have inadequate PNC (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.5, 4.1) and (OR = 8.8, 95% CI = 1.3, 59.8), respectively. Provider discussions were not different based on adequacy of PNC. In addition, among women who received adequate PNC, those whose providers discussed postpartum birth control use were 4.5 times more likely to use birth control after delivery compared to women who did not receive education (95% CI=1.7, 11.8). Conclusion: The lack of strong associations between adequacy of PNC and birth outcomes indicate that there are other factors (intergenerational, stress, cultural) that may play a more prominent role in predicting maternal and infant health.
31
Bauer-Schaub, Kimberly J. "Effects of Pregnancy-Related Depression on Low Birth Weight Infants." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7597.
Full textAbstract:
Maternal depression during pregnancy can have a negative impact on the developing child. Numerous studies have focused on postpartum depression and the influences on infant outcomes; however, there are limited data on pregnancy-related depression. The problem addressed in this study was the inadequacy and insufficiency of depression screening during the pregnancy period and access to quality-related health services for women. The purpose of this quantitative retrospective study was to test social cognitive theory on low birth weight and prenatal care adherence to pregnancy-related depression in women residing in Colorado. This research measured an association between pregnancy-related depression and both low birth weight prevalence and prenatal care adherence. Secondary analysis of archived data included data from Colorado vital statistics and the 2016 Colorado Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. Data were analyzed using Chi-square analysis and multiple logistic regression. The findings showed that pregnancy-related depression was statistically significant of very low birth weight. I reported a summary of findings on p. 68. Biopsychosocial variables were significant to pregnancy-related depression. Pregnancy-related depression was significant in prenatal and postpartum depression. The implications of these findings for social change include the potential to support improved depression screening strategies during pregnancy that may contribute to transformation within the community by promoting more efficient and accessible healthcare for women.
32
Liang, Weifa, and wliang@cs anu edu au. "Designing Efficient Parallel Algorithms for Graph Problems." The Australian National University. Department of Computer Science, 1997. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20010829.114536.
Full textAbstract:
Graph algorithms are concerned with the algorithmic aspects of solving graph problems. The problems are motivated from and have application to diverse areas of computer science, engineering and other disciplines. Problems arising from these areas of application are good candidates for parallelization since they often have both intense computational needs and stringent response time requirements. Motivated by these concerns, this thesis investigates parallel algorithms for these kinds of graph problems that have at least one of the following properties: the problems involve some type of dynamic updates; the sparsification technique is applicable; or the problems are closely related to communications network issues. The models of parallel computation used in our studies are the Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM) model and the practical interconnection network models such as meshes and hypercubes.
¶
Consider a communications network which can be represented by a graph G = (V;E), where V is a set of sites (processors), and E is a set of links which are used to connect the sites (processors). In some cases, we also assign weights and/or directions to the edges in E. Associated with this network, there are many problems such as (i) whether the network is k-edge (k-vertex) connected withfixed k; (ii) whether there are k-edge (k-vertex) disjoint paths between u and v for a pair of given vertices u and v after the network is dynamically updated by adding and/or deleting an edge etc; (iii) whether the sites in the network can communicate with each other when some sites and links fail; (iv) identifying the first k edges in the network whose deletion will result in the maximum increase in the routing cost in the resulting network for fixed k; (v) how to augment the network at optimal cost with a given feasible set of weighted edges such that the augmented network is k-edge (k-vertex) connected; (vi) how to route messages through the network efficiently. In this thesis we answer the problems mentioned above by presenting efficient parallel algorithms to solve them. As far as we know, most of the proposed algorithms are the first ones in the parallel setting.
¶
Even though most of the problems concerned in this thesis are related to communications networks, we also study the classic edge-coloring problem. The outstanding difficulty to solve this problem in parallel is that we do not yet know whether or not it is in NC. In this thesis we present an improved parallel algorithm for the problem which needs [bigcircle]([bigtriangleup][superscript 4.5]log [superscript 3] [bigtriangleup] log n + [bigtriangleup][superscript 4] log [superscript 4] n) time using [bigcircle](n[superscript 2][bigtriangleup] + n[bigtriangleup][superscript 3]) processors, where n is the number of vertices and [bigtriangleup] is the maximum vertex degree. Compared with a previously known result on the same model, we improved by an [bigcircle]([bigtriangleup][superscript 1.5]) factor in time. The non-trivial part is to reduce this problem to the edge-coloring update problem. We also generalize this problem to the approximate edge-coloring problem by giving a faster parallel algorithm for the latter case.
¶
Throughout the design and analysis of parallel graph algorithms, we also find a technique called the sparsification technique is very powerful in the design of efficient sequential and parallel algorithms on dense undirected graphs. We believe that this technique may be useful in its own right for guiding the design of efficient sequential and parallel algorithms for problems in other areas as well as in graph theory.
33
Vigouroux, Mathieu Pierre. "Mesure de déformation et cristallinité à l'échelle nanométrique par diffraction électronique en mode précession." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY012/document.
Full textAbstract:
La diffraction électronique en mode précession (PED) est une méthode récente d’acquisition de clichésde diffraction permettant de minimiser les interactions dynamiques. L’objectif de cette thèse est dedévelopper une méthodologie d’acquisition et de traitement des clichés de diffraction en modeprécession afin de mesurer les champs de déformation en combinant une résolution spatialenanométrique et une sensibilité inférieure à 10-3 typiquement obtenues par d’autres techniques usuellesde microscopie, telle que l’imagerie haute-résolution. Les mesures ont été réalisées sur un JEOL 2010Aéquipé du module de précession Digistar produit par la société Nanomegas.Un système modèle constitué de multicouches Si/SiGe de concentrations connues en Ge a été utilisépour évaluer les performances de la méthodologie développée dans cette thèse. Les résultats indiquentune sensibilité sur la mesure de contraintes qui atteint, au mieux, 1x10-4 et un accord excellent avec lescontraintes simulées par éléments finis. Cette nouvelle méthode a pu ensuite être appliquée sur despuits quantique d’InGaAs et sur des transistors de type Ω−gate.La dernière partie traite d’un nouvel algorithme permettant d’évaluer de manière robuste et rapide lapolycristallinité des matériaux à partir d’une mesure PED. Nous donnons des exemples d’applicationde cette méthode sur divers dispositifsPrecession electron diffraction (PED) is a recent technique used to minimize acquired diffractionpatterns dynamic effects. The primary intention of this PhD work is to improve PED (PrecessionElectron Diffraction) data analysis and treatment methodologies in order to measure the strain at thenanoscale. The strain measurement is intended to reach a 10-3 strain precision as well as usualmicroscopy techniques like high-resolution imaging. To this end, measurements were made with aJEOL 2010A with a Digistar Nanomegas precession module.The approach developed has been used and tested by measuring the strain in a Si/SiGe multilayeredreference sample with a known Ge Content. Strain measurements reached 1x10-4 sensitivity withexcellent finite element strain simulation agreement. This process has been also applied to measure thestrain in microelectronic InGaAs Quantum Well and an "Ω-gate" experimental transistor devices.The second approach developed has been made to provide a robust means of studying electrontransparent nanomaterial polycrystallinity with precession. Examples of applications of this analysismethod are shown on different devices
34
Ziadi, Djelloul. "Algorithmique parallèle et séquentielle des automates." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES003.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse constitue un point de départ pour une programmation parallèle des automates. Elle combine une approche séquentielle et une approche parallèle (sur le modèle PRAM) de l'analyse de ces algorithmes. On y trouve un nouvel algorithme séquentiel optimal de conversion d'une expression rationnelle en un automate ainsi que sa parallélisation (également optimale) un test d'appartenance d'un mot à un langage rationnel est développé, fournissant un algorithme parallèle efficace. Un algorithme séquentiel optimal, original de minimisation d'automate déterministe est décrit. De nouvelles techniques algorithmiques sont introduites tout au long de cette étude qui met en évidence l'apport réciproque des deux algorithmiques, séquentielle et parallèle.
35
Petrgál, Filip. "Digitálně řízený audio zesilovač ve třídě D s dálkovým ovládáním." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220355.
Full textAbstract:
The contents of this thesis is design of audio power amplifier in Class D with fully digital control and remote control and is divided into two parts . The first part is devoted to the basic principles and theory of key elements of the entire amplifier. The second part consists of a complete description of the design and construction of a power amplifier, digital control with remote control, a spectrum analyzer, equalizer, preamp VU meters and complete power supply. Each proposal contains a detailed analysis of the solutions supported by simulations and software. For individual parts have been completely measured p arameters.
36
Mukherjee, Soumyadeep. "Antenatal Stressful Life Events and Postpartum Depression in the United States: the Role of Women’s Socioeconomic Status at the State Level." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2631.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this dissertation was to examine patterns of antenatal stressful life events (SLEs) experienced by women in the United States (U.S.) and their association with postpartum depression (PPD). It further explored the role of women's state-level socio-economic status (SES) on PPD; the racial/ethnic dispartites in SLE-PPD relationship; and the role of provider communication on perinatal depression.
Data from 2009–11 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) and SES indicators published by the Institute of Women’s Policy Research (IWPR) were used. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify unobserved class membership based on antenatal SLEs. Multilevel generalized linear mixed models examined whether state-level SES moderated the antenatal SLE-PPD relationship. Of 116,595 respondents to the PRAMS 2009-11, the sample size for our analyses ranged from 78% to 99%.
The majority (64%) of participants were in low-stress class. The illness/death related-stress class (13%) had a high prevalence of severe illness (77%) and death (63%) of a family member or someone very close to them, while those in the multiple-stress (22%) class endorsed most other SLEs. Eleven percent had PPD; women who experienced all types of stressors, had the highest odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.36, 5.51) of PPD. The odds of PPD decreased with increasing state-level social/economic autonomy index (aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.88), with significant cross-level interaction between stressors and state-level SES. Among non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic whites, husband/partner not wanting the pregnancy (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.90) and drug/drinking problems of someone close (aOR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.55) were respectively associated with PPD. Provider communication was protective.
That 1 out of every 5 and 1 out of every 8 women were in the high- and emotional-stress classes suggests that SLEs are common among pregnant women. Our results suggest that screening for antenatal SLEs might help identify women at risk for PPD. The finding that the odds of PPD decrease with increasing social/economic autonomy, could have policy implications and motivate efforts to improve these indices. This study also indicates the benefits of antenatal health care provider communication on perinatal depression.
37
David, Vincent. "Algorithmique parallèle sur les arbres de décision et raisonnement en temps contraint : étude et application au minimax." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ESAE0008.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse présente un modèle de traitement parallèle pour la mise en œuvre d'algorithmes de raisonnement dans le cadre d'un système temps-réel intelligent, et s'inscrit dans l'étude SATURNE menée au CERT-ONERA. Ce projet se fonde sur l'hypothèse que les tâches de traitement ont la capacité de s'adapter aux échéances temporelles. Pour satisfaire ce modèle, les solutions proposées sont la réduction de l'espace de recherche et l'accélération des traitements grâce au parallélisme. Ces changements devant intervenir durant l'exécution du processus, la gestion du parallélisme devient alors dynamique. Par ailleurs, les arbres de décision représentent une méthode fondamentale pour résoudre de nombreux problèmes d'intelligence artificielle, tels que la théorie des jeux à un joueur, les problèmes d'optimisation, la théorie des jeux à deux joueurs, les graphes Et/Ou et beaucoup d'autres problèmes NP-complets. Aussi, à partir de l'exemple de l'algorithme du minimax sur des arbres de jeux réels, une implémentation est réalisée sur Modulor, une machine à architecture distribuée à base de transputers développée au CERT-ONERA. La méthode de parallélisation se fonde sur une suppression du contrôle entre les processus de recherche, au profit d'un parallélisme spéculatif et du partage complet de l'information réalisé grâce à une mémoire physiquement distribuée mais virtuellement partagée. L’apport de notre approche pour les systèmes temps-réel distribués et tolérants aux fautes est évalué grâce aux résultats expérimentaux obtenus.
38
Pai, Carina Cargnelutti Dal. "Participação popular na prevenção e enfrentamento de desastres ambientais : um estudo de caso em Araranguá/SC." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1383.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
118130.pdf: 51421238 bytes, checksum: c53077d4494dc753fb475e564df765e5 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012-08-28Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research constitutes part of a project funded by FAPESC, which objective to promote competence of action in preventing and tackling environmental disaster in the Vale do Itajaí, in the municipality of Ilhota and in the south shore of Santa Catarina, municipality of Araranguá. The main purpose of this research is to promote community participation in disaster risk management in communities Barranca and Baixadinha/Vila São José in Araranguá. The specific objectives proposed are identify and characterize the risk perceptions of communities to stand the occurrence of floods and very strong winds; promote the identification of ways of organizing communities to address and prevent environmental disasters, specifically floods; testing methodologies of Geographic Information System - Participatory (GIS-P) in the mapping of risk and the preventive management of environmental disasters; encourage in promoting dialogue between Civil Defence and communities to articulate for the construction of their Plans Risk Management Participatory (PRMP) providing contributions to the constitution of Community Nuclei Civil Protection and Defense (NUPDECs). The theoretical and thematic framing comprises History Socio-Spatial, Perception Socio-Environmental, the GIS-P, Prevention and Coping With Environmental Disaster and Popular Participation in Disaster Prevention and Coping. The research methodology is qualitative and belong as a case study developed with the two communities, starting from the application of interviews, meetings, workshops, development of social mapping, use of participant observation to build data to integrate a GIS P. The achieved results comprises the historic and environmental characterization, survey of existing data about floods occurred historically, personal understandings about environmental disasters and risks inherent, as well as suggestions of structural and non-structural measures for inclusion in PRMP, making possible communities involve in a reflection of how their perceptions and experiences can contribute to the prevention of environmental disasters and coping, while minimizing their environmental impacts as well as making them more resilient. Adding to the results is the discussion with the participation of communities and Civil Defense, about actions for the constitution of NUPDECs in consonance with the actions of the local Civil Defense, bringing together wills for implementing measures that make possible to increase its resilience by reducing local vulnerability in coping with environmental disasters.
Esta pesquisa constitui-se parte de um projeto financiado pela FAPESC, que visa promover competências de ação na prevenção e enfrentamento de desastres ambientais na região do Vale do Itajaí, no município de Ilhota e no litoral Sul catarinense, município de Araranguá. A finalidade principal desta pesquisa é promover a participação comunitária na gestão de risco de desastres nas comunidades Barranca e Baixadinha/Vila São José, em Araranguá. Como objetivos específicos propôs-se identificar e caracterizar as percepções de risco das comunidades frente à ocorrência de enchentes e ventos fortes; identificar formas de organização das comunidades no sentido de enfrentar e prevenir desastres ambientais, especificamente as enchentes; testar metodologias de Sistema de Informação Geográfica Participativo (SIG-P) no mapeamento de risco e no planejamento preventivo de desastres ambientais; auxiliar na promoção do diálogo entre a Defesa Civil e as comunidades no sentido de se articularem para a construção de seus Planos de Gestão de Risco Participativo (PGRs) fornecendo contributos para a constituição de Núcleos Comunitários de Proteção e Defesa Civil (NUPDECs). O enquadramento teórico-temático compreende a História Ambiental, a Formação Sócio-Espacial, a Percepção Sócio-Ambiental, o SIG-P, a Prevenção e Enfrentamento de Desastres Ambientais e a Participação Popular na Prevenção e Enfrentamento de Desastres. A metodologia da pesquisa é qualitativa enquadrando-se como estudo de caso desenvolvido com as duas comunidades, partindo desde a aplicação de entrevistas, realização de reuniões, desenvolvimento de oficinas de cartografia social, emprego da observação participante até construção de dados para integrar um SIG-P. Os resultados alcançados compreendem a caracterização histórica e ambiental, levantamento de dados existentes sobre as enchentes ocorridas historicamente, entendimentos pessoais sobre desastres ambientais e riscos inerentes, bem como sugestão de medidas estruturais e não estruturais para inclusão nos PGRs, possibilitando envolver as comunidades numa reflexão de como suas percepções e experiências podem contribuir para a prevenção e enfrentamento de desastres ambientais, minimizando seus impactos socioambientais gerados bem como tornando-as mais resilientes. Somando-se aos resultados está a discussão com a participação das comunidades e da Defesa Civil sobre as ações para a constituição dos NUPDECs, em consonância com as ações da Defesa Civil local, reunindo vontades para a concretização de medidas que possibilitem aumentar sua resiliência reduzindo a vulnerabilidade local no enfrentamento de desastres ambientais.
39
Shih, Chung-Hao, and 施崇豪. "Renaming Problem On PRAM." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48044355258494987797.
Full text
40
ORLANDO, DOMENICO. "Adoptive immunotherapy using PRAME-specific T cells in medulloblastoma." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1210408.
Full textAbstract:
Medulloblastoma is the most frequent malignant childhood brain tumor with a high morbidity. Identification of new therapeutic targets would be instrumental in improving patient outcomes. We evaluated the expression of the tumor-associated antigen PRAME in biopsies from 60 patients with medulloblastoma. PRAME expression was detectable in 82% of tissues independent of molecular and histopathologic subgroups. High PRAME expression also correlated with worse overall survival. We next investigated the relevance of PRAME as a target for immunotherapy. Medulloblastoma cells were targeted using genetically modified T cells with a PRAME-specific TCR (SLL TCR T cells). SLL TCR T cells efficiently killed medulloblastoma HLA-A*02+ DAOY cells as well as primary HLA-A*02+ medulloblastoma cells. Moreover, SLL TCR T cells controlled tumor growth in an orthotopic mouse model of medulloblastoma. To prevent unexpected T-cell-related toxicity, an inducible caspase-9 (iC9) gene was introduced in frame with the SLL TCR; this safety switch triggered prompt elimination of genetically modified T cells. Altogether, these data indicate that T cells genetically modified with a high-affinity, PRAME-specific TCR and iC9 may represent a promising innovative approach for treating patients with HLA-A*02+ medulloblastoma.Significance: These findings identify PRAME as a medulloblastoma tumor-associated antigen that can be targeted using genetically modified T cells.
41
Schenk, Tino [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Regulation des humanen Tumormarkergens PRAME / von Tino Schenk." 2008. http://d-nb.info/987798294/34.
Full text
42
Keller, Jörg [Verfasser]. "Zur Realisierbarkeit des PRAM-Modelles / vorgelegt von Jörg Keller." 2004. http://d-nb.info/972340440/34.
Full text
43
Kuan, Yuan-Hung, and 管元弘. "Double Circular Caching Scheme for DRAM/PRAM Hybrid Cache." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z68n7x.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊工程系
100
DRAM is widely adopted as a cache for secondary storage due to its small access latency. Compared with DRAM, PRAM draws a lot of attention recently, since it provides higher density and has no need to refresh the capacitor charge periodically. The non-volatile nature of PRAM can even reduce compulsory miss, which cannot be avoided by DRAM cache. However, PRAM cache cannot replace DRAM cache due to its endurance issue. Thus DRAM/PRAM hybrid cache becomes a good alternative for traditional DRAM cache. Least recently used (LRU) replacement algorithm and CLOCK-Pro algorithm work well for traditional DRAM cache. But these algorithms shall not be directly applied to DRAM/PRAM hybrid cache since the characteristics of PRAM are not considered. This paper proposed a double circular caching scheme (DCCS) to manage DRAM/PRAM hybrid cache. In our scheme, cached data migrate between DRAM cache and PRAM cache adaptively to achieve good hit ratio while frequent writes to PRAM cache are avoided for endurance concern. The experimental results showed that our scheme can reduce up to 87.10% PRAM write accesses for read-intensive access pattern and up to 44.90% energy consumption for write-intensive access pattern, compared with other caching schemes.
44
Chen, Chang-Yu, and 陳昶宇. "The Impact of Audit Quality on Earnings Quality- Before and After Promp Scandal." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90195948364631105568.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
會計學系
97
What the financial statements present are the financial position and the results of operations of an enterprise; nevertheless, if the earnings reporting do not present fairly, the earnings quality and the reliability of the financial statements would be affected. Several researches showed that the audited financial statements could improve the quality of the financial statements and enhance the credibility of information. However, economic incentives might interfere with the audit of CPA and influence the independence of CPA and the audit quality. This study explores the impact of audit quality on earnings quality before and after Promp Scandal. The empirical results show that the audit quality does not have a positive and significant influence on the earnings quality, but it has positive effect after Promp Scandal when CPA firms encounter with lawsuit and the relevant strict regulations. That is, after 2004 the better the audit quality is and the higher the earnings quality is.
45
Loi, Lai-Keng, and 雷麗琼. "The regulation of PRAME by EGFR may enhance the suppression of RAR-β transactivation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16025554028306678463.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立陽明大學
口腔生物研究所
103
According to Statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare show that since 1991, oral cancer has become one of top ten cancers in Taiwan, and the yearly cases of cancer death of this disease are rising. Therefore, it become an important issue of public health and epidemiology in recent years. Recently, abundant evidence shows that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a significant role in carcinogenesis in head and neck cancer. When binding with its ligands, such as EGF or TGF-a, it will induce autophosphorylation of EGFR itself and activate downstream signal transducers which will then induce anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis, etc. to promote the tumor progression. Furthermore, preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) is a membrane and cytoplasmic protein expressed higher in malignant than normal cell. Its expression has been reported to be significantly associated with poor outcome of cancers. However, the studies of the association between PRAME and HNSCC or OSCC progression were newly reported in the literatures. However as the corepressor of downstream target of PRAME, RAR-β plays a very important role in carcinogenesis of OSCC, in this study we set to explore the regulation of PRAME by EGFR and its influence of RAR-β transactivation .The main objective of this study includes (1)To explore the change of expression or subcellular localization of PRAME induced by EGFR stimulation.(2) To investigate the molecular mechanisms of PRAME regulated by EGFR.(3)To study the regulation on RARβ activation and malignant phenotype of OSCC by PRAME phosphorylation . In series of experiments, oral cancer cells were treated with 50 ng/ml epidermal growth factor (EGFR), we found the expression level of PRAME can be stimulated by EGFR. In addition, nuclear localization of PRAME can also be induced by EGFR stimulation as well. A phosphorylation event on PRAME by EGFR or its downstream kinase (tyrosine kinase) was suggested to mediate the process by immunoprecipitation assay. We predicted the phosphorylation sites of PRAME by software, which 3 putative phosphorylation sites on PRAME were suggested. We will verify the exact phosphorylation sites and investigate its influence on RARβ transactivation activity and the resulting malignant phenotype of OSCC by this PRAME phosphorylation.
46
HUANG, YUN-RU, and 黃韻如. "The Impact of Audit Quality on Informativeness of Earnings- Before and After Promp Informativeness Scandal." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59180852715725563275.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
會計學系
96
Audit quality is on of the key consideration factors whether investors would rely on financial statements to understand the economic reality of the firms. Higher quality auditors are more likely to deter and detect questionable accounting practices and also report those material errors and irregularities. Financial statements audited by higher quality auditors are more credible by investors. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of audit quality on informativeness of earnings by way of testing the relationship between earning and stock price. We use audit firms’ size as a surrogate for audit quality. The results indicate that informativeness of earnings of Big 4 clients are much higher than those of non-Big 4 clients. These findings implied that audit quality has positive effect on informativeness of earnings. We also find that the impact of audit quality on earnings informativness is different before and after Promp Scandal (year 2004). That is, the impacts of audit quality are stronger after 2004.
47
Taei-Tehrani, Mohammad Reza. "Pseudo Random Arterial Modulation (PRAM): A Novel ASL Approach to Measure Flow and Blood Transit Times." Thesis, 2012. https://doi.org/10.7916/D88S4WWC.
Full textAbstract:
The Pseudo Random Arterial Modulation (PRAM) is a non-invasive MRI based method to measure blood flow. It does not require any contrast agent but rather uses water protons in the body as the contrast. PRAM is based on a pseudo random sequence of inversions and non-inversions of the arterial blood using radio frequency (RF) pulses at a labeling plane inferior to the imaging plane. A series of images are taken at the imaging plane and flow reconstructed from the transit time measurements. PRAM does not require separate control and label acquisition as is common in Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) but rather measures the distribution of transit times to a voxel within one integrated scan. Adiabatic inversion or non-inversion pre-pulses (PRAM pulses) are performed prior to a gradient echo imaging. The PRAM method has been tested on a flow phantom and the results were in confirmation with the theoretical flow and velocity measurements. Subsequently the PRAM method was tested on a human leg and the results were comparable with the Ultrasound measurements. The final testing phase was performed on a human brain and the results were compared with the phased contrast MRA. We have demonstrated here that that the PRAM technique can measure the velocity profile and the transit time accurately and efficiently on any organ such as human brain.
48
Church, Jeremy. "The Water is Thin." 2007. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/10.
Full textAbstract:
April 6, 2007
I submitted the first draft of this final project to Sabina Murray’s workshop in the fall of 2004. I was mainly concerned with narrative then. I wanted the story to move. I wasn’t interested in writing as much as providing a framework. I told myself, there’ll be time enough for writing, the creative kind—keep the flourishes to a minimum for now. The result was an outline with flimsy characters sifted in. Workshop feedback suggested the same. (Sabina also caught a malapropism I’ve not been allowed to forget: I described a character’s long legs as like those of a gelding. I meant yearling, I think. We all had a laugh. In a draft before this final project version Sabina snagged another one: ‘braying’ used when ‘rearing’ was intended. For a lobster.) I didn’t work much on that first draft for the next year, focused as I was on short stories. (During that time I planned on submitting a collection as my final project. I had six or seven that I thought were pretty fit and worth more work.) In the spring of 2006 I went at the novel more consistently. By the summer I was working on it daily, which has more or less been the case since. The basic narrative of the second attempt was the same: guy leaves corporate job to work on lobster boat on Cape Cod, meets many characters in that insular world, one of whom may be hauling other lobstermen’s pots. Guy also has love interest. Through that narrative I meant to explore the development of D.L., who saw himself as a lost, alienated 30-year-old with potential but unable to fit in anywhere. His journey from New York, the site of his two most recent failures, to Orleans would yield new and different perceptions. I like the idea that a protagonist continues to do what he/she’s always done until circumstances of the narrative prompt change. D.L. was meant to see that many of his problems existed only in his head.
I read Dostoyevsky’s The Double in David Lenson’s Individualism and its Discontents course (spring 2005). It got me thinking again about self consciousness. I didn’t intend for D.L. to descend into paranoid madness like Golyadkin but The Double served as an example of how I might explore D.L. more than I had on the first go round. Changing perception was the broad theme to work through the narrative. I would fill D.L. out more, lend him more introspection. The challenge seemed to be in gauging when and how much the story should be in his head. I started doing an end around. I thought I could introduce new perceptions through other characters. Hence Jack’s early talk of cliffs moving. In previous iterations, D.L. ruminated more on that non sequitur. He was talking to himself and it seemed too obvious: Was Jack saying my problems were in my head?
Another concern is that D.L.’s thoughts often felt and still do at times feel like commentary. The scene in Wellfleet, which is mostly dialogue between D.L. and Suzie, is an example. Dreamlike moments—the cliffs, high tide flowing as a river down Jack’s street, D.L.’s faux dream, Jack’s real dream, even H. erectus walking among us—are attempts to create more of D.L.’s world, to create more of a feeling. To whatever extent those moments are effective, I think there should be more. My biggest concern with this effort is that there’s still too much dialogue. I don’t know if I’ve lost some creative vigor or if the paucity of literary prose is a result of the process, particularly the initial narrative concern of wanting to keep the story moving. Or something else. But I’ve felt less natural, less like myself as a writer throughout much of the process of writing this novel.
I handed over a new draft to committee this past winter. Feedback included concerns over the dialogue itself, that the characters weren’t moving while talking, weren’t described enough; missing connective tissue between chapters; problems with moving around in time rather than taking a more linear approach; and too much in the way of lobstering details.
These are the areas I’ve focused on since. Switching to linear time has made a big difference, I think. I’ve worked on movement and dialogue but there are still long chunks in which characters are talking more than doing (as related to above creative concerns).
Lobstering details have been a concern from the start as I didn’t want this to be Lobstering 101, but also because it can clog the narrative. I’ve often struggled with feeling the need to include information that isn’t necessary and gets in the way. It’s a tough habit to break for me but I think I’ve gotten better in that regard in my years in the program, particularly with short stories, in which more concision is a requirement because of space.
The pages that follow are a considerable improvement from that first draft of 2004. I see this as the first half of the novel. I imagine the second half will be about as long. I’m not crazy about the title but I have a scene in mind at or near the end that makes sense of it. ‘Thin water’ is clear water, not turbid.
- Jeremy Church
49
Hoffmann, Julia [Verfasser]. "Evaluation der Leukämie-Reaktivität von PRAME- und p53-spezifischen T-Zellen bei lymphohämatopoetischen Neoplasien im Rahmen einer adoptiven Immuntherapie / Julia Hoffmann." 2008. http://d-nb.info/995569606/34.
Full text
50
Huang, Ting-Yung, and 黃婷沅. "The prevalence of SNPs and gene expression in MAGE-A3 and PRAME of Taiwan NSCLC patients with or without EGFR mutation." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93691447776832568011.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
病理學研究所
100
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide, and can be divided into non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Typically doctors will consider removing the cancer cell mass and combine this operation with chemo- or radio- therapy, but there may have many side effects of cancer patients. For this reason, developing a new strategy for lung cancer treatment has become an important topic for cancer research. One of them is to develop the method of immunotherapy. Scientists attempt to allow a patients’ immune system to have the ability to recognize the specific antigen of cancer cells and further to kill them. MAGE-A3 and PRAME are two tumor-associated antigens, both of them specifically expressed in cancer cells but not normal cells. According to the interim preliminary data of MAGRIT phase III trial, scientists at GlaxoSmithKline found that patients can have a better clinical outcome when they receive MAGE-A3 antigen specific immunotherapy (ASCI) after their operations; in addition, they also found that the expression levels of these two genes are significantly different between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, and also slightly different with regards to ethnicities. The expression level in Europeans is higher than in Asians. For these reasons, these two genes have become good candidates for studies related to cancer immunotherapy. Considering the low expression rate of MAGE-A3 and PRAME genes and highly mutation frequency of EGFR status in NSCLC patients in Asia especially Southeast Asia, it would be quite interesting to investigate whether the expression levels of MAGE-A3 are related to the status of EGFR. Recently, evidence has also indicated that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exist in both MAGE-A3 and PRAME genes; furthermore, differences with regards to MAGE-A3 or PRAME polymorphism between racial populations may potentially contribute to its regulation as well as the relevant differential mRNA expression and the relationship between the SNPs and the EGFR activation mutation status have become a very important study topics related to cancer immunotherapy in Asia. In this study, we will analyze expression levels by Real-time Quantitative RT-PCR and potential polymorphisms of MAGE-A3 by direct sequencing and PRAME by DNA Mass in NSCLC patients in Taiwan; In addition, we will also investigate whether their expressions are correlated with the EGFR status of these patients.