Relevant bibliographies by topics / PR measurement

Academic literature on the topic 'PR measurement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "PR measurement"

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Kelly, Lauren E., Yashwant Sinha, Charlotte I. S. Barker, Joseph F. Standing, and Martin Offringa. "Useful pharmacodynamic endpoints in children: selection, measurement, and next steps." Pediatric Research 83, no. 6 (April 18, 2018): 1095–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pr.2018.38.

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Abstract Pharmacodynamic (PD) endpoints are essential for establishing the benefit-to-risk ratio for therapeutic interventions in children and neonates. This article discusses the selection of an appropriate measure of response, the PD endpoint, which is a critical methodological step in designing pediatric efficacy and safety studies. We provide an overview of existing guidance on the choice of PD endpoints in pediatric clinical research. We identified several considerations relevant to the selection and measurement of PD endpoints in pediatric clinical trials, including the use of biomarkers, modeling, compliance, scoring systems, and validated measurement tools. To be useful, PD endpoints in children need to be clinically relevant, responsive to both treatment and/or disease progression, reproducible, and reliable. In most pediatric disease areas, this requires significant validation efforts. We propose a minimal set of criteria for useful PD endpoint selection and measurement. We conclude that, given the current heterogeneity of pediatric PD endpoint definitions and measurements, both across and within defined disease areas, there is an acute need for internationally agreed, validated, and condition-specific pediatric PD endpoints that consider the needs of all stakeholders, including healthcare providers, policy makers, patients, and families.
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Schwaller, Mathew R., and K. Robert Morris. "A Ground Validation Network for the Global Precipitation Measurement Mission." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 28, no. 3 (March 1, 2011): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jtecha1403.1.

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Abstract A prototype Validation Network (VN) is currently operating as part of the Ground Validation System for NASA’s Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. The VN supports precipitation retrieval algorithm development in the GPM prelaunch era. Postlaunch, the VN will be used to validate GPM spacecraft instrument measurements and retrieved precipitation data products. The period of record for the VN prototype starts on 8 August 2006 and runs to the present day. The VN database includes spacecraft data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) and coincident ground radar (GR) data from operational meteorological networks in the United States, Australia, Korea, and the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Satellite and ground radar data products are collected whenever the PR satellite track crosses within 200 km of a VN ground radar, and these data are stored permanently in the VN database. VN products are generated from coincident PR and GR observations when a significant rain event occurs. The VN algorithm matches PR and GR radar data (including retrieved precipitation data in the case of the PR) by calculating averages of PR reflectivity (both raw and attenuation corrected) and rain rate, and GR reflectivity at the geometric intersection of the PR rays with the individual GR elevation sweeps. The algorithm thus averages the minimum PR and GR sample volumes needed to “matchup” the spatially coincident PR and GR data types. The result of this technique is a set of vertical profiles for a given rainfall event, with coincident PR and GR samples matched at specified heights throughout the profile. VN data can be used to validate satellite measurements and to track ground radar calibration over time. A comparison of matched TRMM PR and GR radar reflectivity factor data found a remarkably small difference between the PR and GR radar reflectivity factor averaged over this period of record in stratiform and convective rain cases when samples were taken from high in the atmosphere. A significant difference in PR and GR reflectivity was found in convective cases, particularly in convective samples from the lower part of the atmosphere. In this case, the mean difference between PR and corrected GR reflectivity was −1.88 dBZ. The PR–GR bias was found to increase with the amount of PR attenuation correction applied, with the PR–GR bias reaching −3.07 dBZ in cases where the attenuation correction applied is >6 dBZ. Additional analysis indicated that the version 6 TRMM PR retrieval algorithm underestimates rainfall in case of convective rain in the lower part of the atmosphere by 30%–40%.
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Rai, Radheshyam, Shweta Thakur, M. A. Valente, and Andrei L. Kholkin. "Structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of Pr-, Tb- and Dy-doped (Bi0.95RE0.05)(Fe0.95Mn0.05)O3 ceramics synthesized by solid-state reaction method." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 03, no. 04 (October 2013): 1350033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x13500331.

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The multiferroic ( Bi 0.95 RE 0.05)( Fe 0.95 Mn 0.05) O 3 (where RE = Pr , Tb and Dy ) has been synthesized using solid-state reaction technique. Effects of Pr , Tb and Dy substitution on the structure, electrical and ferroelectric properties of ( Bi 0.95 RE 0.05)( Fe 0.95 Mn 0.05) O 3 samples have been studied by performing X-ray diffraction, dielectric measurements and magnetic measurements. The crystal structure of the ceramic samples have a monoclinic phase. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurement shows a significant change in the magnetic properties of Pr -, Tb - and Dy -doped ( Bi 0.95 RE 0.05)( Fe 0.95 Mn 0.05) O 3. It is seen that coercive field (Hc) and remanent magnetization (Mr) increases for Pr but decreases for Dy and Tb .
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Passler, Müller, and Senner. "In-Ear Pulse Rate Measurement: A Valid Alternative to Heart Rate Derived from Electrocardiography?" Sensors 19, no. 17 (August 21, 2019): 3641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19173641.

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Heart rate measurement has become one of the most widely used methods of monitoring the intensity of physical activity. The purpose of this study was to assess whether in-ear photoplethysmographic (PPG) pulse rate (PR) measurement devices represent a valid alternative to heart rate derived from electrocardiography (ECG), which is considered a gold standard. Twenty subjects (6 women, 14 men) completed one trial of graded cycling under laboratory conditions. In the trial, PR was recorded by two commercially available in-ear devices, the Dash Pro and the Cosinuss°One. They were compared to HR measured by a Bodyguard2 ECG. Validity of the in-ear PR measurement devices was tested by ANOVA, mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland–Altman plots. Both devices achieved a MAPE ≤5%. Despite excellent to good levels of agreement, Bland–Altman plots showed that both in-ear devices tend to slightly underestimate the ECG’s HR values. It may be concluded that in-ear PPG PR measurement is a promising technique that shows accurate but imprecise results under controlled conditions. However, PPG PR measurement in the ear is sensitive to motion artefacts. Thus, accuracy and precision of the measured PR depend highly on measurement site, stress situation, and exercise.
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Kobayashi, K., Y. Umemoto, and Y. Uchikawa. "3-D MCG Vector Measurement of the PR Segment." Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan 24, no. 4−2 (2000): 939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3379/jmsjmag.24.939.

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Hu, Yu, Xing Wen Zhang, and Hong You. "Morphology Measurement on Phenolic-Resin/Vitreous-Silica-Fabric Ablation Composites Modified with Tetraethoxysilicate and Silsesquioxanes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (July 2013): 1934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.1934.

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This study focused on phenolic-resin/vitreous-silica-fiber (PR/VSF) ablation composites modified with silsesquioxane (SSO) and tetraethoxysilicate (TEOS). Three nanohybrids based on TEOS-SiO2(T-SiO2), octamethyl-SSO (Me-SSO) and phenyl-SSO (Ph-SSO) were prepared and employed to modify the PR/VSF ablation materials, T-SiO2/PR/VSF, Me-SSO /PR/VSF and Ph-SSO /PR/VSF. At a high temperature, the modified PR/VSiF coatings were melted under heats and then generated pre-ceramic bodies, avoiding damages from the heats for the parts of the body inside. To compare ablation properties of the three modifiers, the correlation of the material structures and ablation properties were discussed with ablation tests and morphology measured by SEM. As a result, the linear and the mass ablation of the three composites are in the order of T-SiO2/PR/VSF > Me-SSO/PR/VSF > Ph-SSO/PR/VSF. Therefore, the properties of Ph-SSO show that it is suitable and more effective as a modifier for ablation materials. In the temprature of about 2000oC, the results of ablative coating basically reached the expected technical indix.
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Piol, N., C. Stadelmann Diaw, J. Urfer, D. Werner, and M. Roth-Kleiner. "Test of Three Point of Care Devices for Neonatal Glycaemia Measurement." Pediatric Research 70 (November 2011): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pr.2011.937.

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Masunaga, Hirohiko, and Christian D. Kummerow. "Combined Radar and Radiometer Analysis of Precipitation Profiles for a Parametric Retrieval Algorithm." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 909–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1751.1.

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Abstract A methodology to analyze precipitation profiles using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) and precipitation radar (PR) is proposed. Rainfall profiles are retrieved from PR measurements, defined as the best-fit solution selected from precalculated profiles by cloud-resolving models (CRMs), under explicitly defined assumptions of drop size distribution (DSD) and ice hydrometeor models. The PR path-integrated attenuation (PIA), where available, is further used to adjust DSD in a manner that is similar to the PR operational algorithm. Combined with the TMI-retrieved nonraining geophysical parameters, the three-dimensional structure of the geophysical parameters is obtained across the satellite-observed domains. Microwave brightness temperatures are then computed for a comparison with TMI observations to examine if the radar-retrieved rainfall is consistent in the radiometric measurement space. The inconsistency in microwave brightness temperatures is reduced by iterating the retrieval procedure with updated assumptions of the DSD and ice-density models. The proposed methodology is expected to refine the a priori rain profile database and error models for use by parametric passive microwave algorithms, aimed at the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, as well as a future TRMM algorithms.
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SANMARTÍ, RAIMON, SONIA CABRERA-VILLALBA, JOSÉ A. GÓMEZ-PUERTA, VIRGINIA RUIZ-ESQUIDE, M. VICTORIA HERNÁNDEZ, GEORGINA SALVADOR, JULIO RAMIREZ, ODETTE VIÑAS, and JUAN D. CAÑETE. "Palindromic Rheumatism with Positive Anticitrullinated Peptide/Protein Antibodies Is Not Synonymous with Rheumatoid Arthritis. A Longterm Followup Study." Journal of Rheumatology 39, no. 10 (August 1, 2012): 1929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120568.

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Objective.To analyze longterm progression to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the predictive value of anticitrullinated peptide/protein antibodies (ACPA) in palindromic rheumatism (PR).Methods.We selected all patients in our clinic with PR who had at least 1 ACPA measurement. We included only patients with pure PR, defined as no evidence of associated rheumatic disease at the first serum ACPA measurement. Clinical characteristics, serum ACPA levels, duration of PR until serum ACPA measurement, and total followup time were recorded. The outcome variable was the definitive diagnosis of RA. The prognostic value of ACPA status in pure PR for a definite diagnosis of RA was analyzed by different statistical methods.Results.Seventy-one patients (54 women/17 men) with a PR diagnosis were included. Serum ACPA were positive in 52.1%. After a mean followup of 7.6 ± 4.7 years since the first ACPA measurement, 24 patients (33.8%) progressed to chronic disease: 22% RA, 5.6% systemic lupus erythematosus, and 5.6% other diseases. The positive likelihood ratio of ACPA status for RA was 1.45, and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of ACPA titers was 0.60 (95% CI 0.45−0.75). Progression to RA was more frequently seen in ACPA-positive than in ACPA-negative patients (29.7% vs 14.7%), but the difference was not significant (hazard ratio 2.46, 95% CI 0.77−7.86). Mean ACPA levels of patients with pure PR did not differ significantly from those of patients who progressed to RA.Conclusion.ACPA are frequently found in the sera of patients with PR, and a significant proportion of these patients do not progress to RA in the long term.
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Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel, Y. Hong, J. J. Gourley, S. Chen, Z. Flamig, J. Zhang, M. Schwaller, W. Petersen, and E. Amitai. "Toward a Framework for Systematic Error Modeling of Spaceborne Precipitation Radar with NOAA/NSSL Ground Radar–Based National Mosaic QPE." Journal of Hydrometeorology 13, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 1285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-11-0139.1.

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Abstract Characterization of the error associated with satellite rainfall estimates is a necessary component of deterministic and probabilistic frameworks involving spaceborne passive and active microwave measurements for applications ranging from water budget studies to forecasting natural hazards related to extreme rainfall events. The authors focus here on the error structure of NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) at ground. The problem is addressed by comparison of PR QPEs with reference values derived from ground-based measurements using NOAA/NSSL ground radar–based National Mosaic and QPE system (NMQ/Q2). A preliminary investigation of this subject has been carried out at the PR estimation scale (instantaneous and 5 km) using a 3-month data sample in the southern part of the United States. The primary contribution of this study is the presentation of the detailed steps required to derive a trustworthy reference rainfall dataset from Q2 at the PR pixel resolution. It relies on a bias correction and a radar quality index, both of which provide a basis to filter out the less trustworthy Q2 values. Several aspects of PR errors are revealed and quantified including sensitivity to the processing steps with the reference rainfall, comparisons of rainfall detectability and rainfall-rate distributions, spatial representativeness of error, and separation of systematic biases and random errors. The methodology and framework developed herein applies more generally to rainfall-rate estimates from other sensors on board low-earth-orbiting satellites such as microwave imagers and dual-wavelength radars such as with the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PR measurement"

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Svensson, Petter. "Annons eller PR : hur vet kommunikatören vad som skall väljas?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Media and Communication, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106852.

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Problem Faith in the power of advertising has varied largely through the ages, and since we know that advertising is paid for, it therefore has less weight than the usual news. Publicity through promotional activities is in turn difficult to control. The question which of these two ways to communicate with the market that is the most effective, is equally entitled to ask, as difficult to answer.

Purpose/Aim This paper is designed as a pilot study with two different objectives that go hand in hand. The first overall aim is to investigate how advertising and PR / publicity can be measured with the same tools while designing this metric. The second aim is to test whether this metric can find any differences in the advertisements or publicity efficiency.

Method The main study that the paper leads to is an experiment that examines how two different groups is affected by the promotional and advertising materials. The two groups have been allocated an identical magazine with a difference between the groups. One group magazine was prepared by a published material as a possible result of a PR activity, such as a loan product or a press release. The second group magazine was prepared with an ad. In order to assure that good reliability achieved in the survey, two preparatory studies were carried out. The entire study leans towards a theoretical framework.

Main results The conclusions of the paper are that this approach can seem to find differences between PR and paid advertising. However, the difference is small and focuses on increased probability of purchase after exposure of the ad. PR-material had a weaker effect than the advertisement in this case. The essay will give a basis for further research based on the experimental design used in the study.

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Hawkins, David Richard, and davidh@socom com au. "Quantifying Organisation-Public Relationships." RMIT University. Applied Communication, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090319.160313.

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To date, limited means of accurately measuring the communal organisational public relationships between an organisation and its various publics have been developed. Researchers and practitioners have acknowledged the need for a more accurate measurement tool. Previous analysis of communal relationships has typically been done in an anecdotal or non-quantifiable way. This study explores a new method of quantifying the relationship between an organisation and its publics and identifies the key themes and components that are important to a successful organisation-public relationship (OPR); this method allows organisations to more accurately measure their OPRs, diagnose their strengths and weaknesses and quantify changes in the relationships over time. In so doing, organisations will be able to improve their relationships with their stakeholders and work more effectively to achieve mutually beneficial goals. The study's findings contribute to defining the components that can be used to develop a tool that can be used by the public relations profession to more accurately reflect the status of communal relationships, and, perhaps more importantly, the changes in the status of the relationships over time. Increased objectivity in reflecting the status of the relationships between an organisation and its publics is likely to enable the profession to elevate its perceived status by providing a better service to organisations and their publics. This, in turn, will allow senior management teams to see clearly the value that public relations can provide to maximise the success of the organisation. The data obtained from this research provide insights into the priorities and expectations that external stakeholder groups have of organisations and how these expectations can be grouped into three key areas - how they are treated, the value that the relationships represent to them and how effective the communication is. The results provide practitioners with a valuable insight into ways of improving these OPRs, which in turn could assist organisations in achieving their goals.
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Barbosa, Laércio. "Análise da concentração de Radônio-222 nas águas subterrâneas e solo de Curitiba e região metropolitana." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2011. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/907.

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CNPq
Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta um estudo da concentração do 222Rn nas águas subterrâneas de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana, além de medições realizadas no solo e as concentrações do 226Ra na água. A pesquisa mostra os passos para aquisição das amostras de águas nos poços convencionais e artesianos de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana, a determinação da concentração do 222Rn com a câmara de ionização AlphaGUARD®, a construção de uma sonda e uma broca especial para coletar o 222Rn no solo, a metodologia para a coleta do gás no solo e a determinação da concentração do 226Ra através de equações com base nos valores de concentrações do 222Rn. Foram coletadas amostras de 47 locais. Nas concentrações de 222Rn na água houve uma maior freqüência de amostras com valor de concentração entre 20,1 Bq/L a 50 Bq/L. Nas concentrações de 226Ra a maior freqüência de incidência se encontra entre 1,1 Bq/L e 2,0 Bq/L. No solo foram feitos medições em 4 regiões, onde a maior concentração encontrada foi 38523 Bq/m3. A região Sul de Curitiba foi o local onde foram encontradas as concentrações de 222Rn e 226Ra mais altas.
This present study describes the concentration of 222Rn in groundwater in Curitiba and urban region, and measurement made in soil, and concentrations of 226Ra in water. The research shows the steps for acquisition of water samples in conventional wells and boreholes in Curitiba and urban region, the determining the concentration of 222Rn with the ionization chamber AlphaGUARD®, the construction of a probe and a special drill to collect the 222Rn soil, the methodology for collecting the gas in the soil, and determining the concentration of 226Ra using equations based on the values of concentrations of 222Rn. Samples were collected from 47 locations. There was a higher frequency of samples with concentration of 222Rn between 20.1 Bq/L to 50 Bq/L, and concentration 226Ra between 1.1 Bq/L to 2.0 Bq/L. In the ground were made measurements in four regions, where the highest concentration found was 38,523 Bq/m³. The southern region of Curitiba was the place where there were higher concentrations of 222Rn and 226Ra.
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Konieczny, Mark J. "Full-Field Strain and Temperature Measurement of Epoxy Resin PR-520 Subjected to Tensile, Compressive, and Torsional Loading at Various Strain Rates." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1556880386878411.

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Williams, Sean David. "Beyond Klout: A Qualitative Exploration of Influence, Online or Offline." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1428922753.

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Barros, Osvaldo dos Santos. "Objetiva(a??o) da medida e contagem do tempo em pr?ticas socioculturais e educativas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14310.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OsvaldoSB_1-150_TESE.pdf: 4739260 bytes, checksum: adf88e018aca50ebb29a4c69cccdbb6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-14
This thesis describes and analyzes various processes established and practiced by both groups about the socio-cultural objective (action) the measurement and timing, mobilized some socio-historical practices as the use of the gn?mon of the sundial and reading and interpretation of movements celestial constellations in cultural contexts such as indigenous communities and fishermen in the state of Par?, Brazil. The Purpose of the study was to describe and analyze the mobilization of such practices in the socio-historical development of matrices for teaching concepts and skills related to geometric angles, similar triangles, symmetry and proportionality in the training of mathematics teachers. The record of the entire history of investigation into the socio-historical practice, the formative action was based on epistemological assumptions of education ethnomathematics proposed by Vergani (2000, 2007) and Ubiratan D'Ambrosio (1986, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2004) and Alain Bishop conceptions about mathematics enculturation. At the end of the study I present my views on the practices of contributions called socio-cultural and historical for school mathematics, to give meaning to the concept formation and teaching of students, especially the implications of Education Ethnomatematics proposed by Vergani (2000) for training of future teachers of mathematics
Esta tese descreve a analisa alguns processos estabelecidos e praticados por dois grupos socioculturais acerca da objetiva(a??o) da medi??o do tempo, mobilizados de algumas pr?ticas s?cio-hist?ricas como o uso do gn?mon, do rel?gio de Sol e a leitura e interpreta??o dos movimentos das constela??es celestes, em contextos culturais como as comunidades ind?genas e de pescadores do estado do Par?. A finalidade do estudo foi descrever a mobiliza??o de tais pr?ticas s?cio-hist?ricas na elabora??o de matrizes para o ensino de conceitos e habilidades geom?tricas relacionadas a ?ngulos, semelhan?a de tri?ngulos, proporcionalidade e simetria na forma??o de professores de Matem?tica. O registro de toda a trajet?ria de investiga??o das pr?ticas s?cio-hist?ricas, da a??o formativa, foi realizado com base nos pressupostos epistemol?gicos da Educa??o Etnomatem?tica, propostos por Vergani (2000, 2007) e D Ambrosio (1986, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2004). e nas concep??es de Alain Bishop acerca da Encultura??o Matem?tica. Ao final do estudo apresento minhas impress?es quanto ?s contribui??es mobilizadas das pr?ticas s?cio-hist?ricas e culturais para a matem?tica escolar, no sentido de dar significa??o ? forma??o conceitual e did?tica dos alunos, principalmente nas implica??es da Educa??o Etnomatem?tica proposta por Vergani (2000, 2007) para a forma??o de futuros professores de Matem?tica
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Manfroi, Armando Staudt. "A LOGÍSTICA DE TRANSPORTE E AS CADEIAS AGROPECUÁRIAS AVÍCOLA E SUINÍCOLA, IMPACTO SOCIAL E ECONÔMICO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE TOLEDO - PR." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8053.

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The economy in the west of the State of Paraná is market by the strong participation of the agricultural activities; much from what is produced either in the State or in the country is native of this region. Particularly for the Municipality of Toledo, the aviculture and swine culture are the main agricultural. These are directly mediated by the activities of transport logistics, which play the important and directly responsible role by the appropriate development of the agricultural. Thus, this search shows the development of a model which aims to measure the impacts caused by the transport logistics in the aviculture and swine culture. Thus, it has been attempted to answer what the economical and social impacts are that the transport logistics cause on birds and swine chains, that justified by the characteristic of importance which the transport activity has for the activities, due to the fact that it is treated of an activity that provides the connection among several initial productive stages. The data collection has contemplated the search for information in local public organs and private companies which are directly connected to the activity; this information were fundamental to the is referred to the construction of indicators about the studied activities. From the collected data, it has been developed a matrix of analysis from this data which shows the direct relation among the global numbers in the Municipality (e.g., the total of employment in the Municipality in relation to the total employment from the bird and swine chains). It has been evident during the search the essential role of the transport logistics, and it can be claimed that there is a high level of dependence of the activities that involve bird and swine production in the transport logistical services, thus, any alteration in the transport configuration may bring direct consequences to aviculture and swine culture, interfering in the results and in the production. It is believed that this study has contributed to the explanation of the importance of the transport activities in the context of birds and swine production for the Municipality, and indirectly for the local economical and social development.
A economia do oeste do estado do Paraná é marcada pela forte participação das atividades agropecuárias. Muito do que se produz no estado e no país é oriundo dessa região. Em específico para o município de Toledo, a avicultura e a suinocultura são as principais atividades agropecuárias. Estas são diretamente mediadas pela logística de transporte, que assume papel indispensável e diretamente responsável pelo desenvolvimento adequado destas. Assim esta pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo que objetiva mensurar os impactos causados pela logística de transportes nas atividades, avícola e suinícola. Dessa forma se buscou responder quais são os impactos econômicos e sociais que a logística de transportes causa nas cadeias de aves e suínos, isso justificado pela característica de importância que os transportes têm para estas cadeias produtivas, visto que se trata de uma atividade que proporciona a ligação entre as diversas etapas produtivas iniciais. A coleta de dados contemplou a busca de informações em órgãos públicos e empresas privadas locais com ligação direta à atividade. Essas informações foram fundamentais para a construção de indicadores sobre as atividades estudadas. A partir dos dados coletados se desenvolveu uma matriz de análise desses dados que apresentam a relação direta entre os números das atividades de avicultura e suinocultura, comparadas com números globais do município (como por exemplo, o total de empregos do município em relação com o total de empregos das cadeias de aves e suínos). Ficou claro durante a pesquisa, o papel fundamental da logística de transporte, e pode-se dizer que existe um alto grau de dependência das atividades que envolvem a produção de aves e suínos dos serviços logísticos de transporte. Dessa forma, qualquer alteração na configuração dos transportes pode trazer conseqüências diretas à avicultura e suinocultura, interferindo nos resultados e na produção. Acredita-se que este estudo contribuiu para o esclarecimento da importância das atividades de transportes no contexto da produção de aves e suínos para o município, e indiretamente para o desenvolvimento econômico e social local.
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Andrade, Fernando Cunha de. "Elaboração de um mapa acústico para a região central de Curitiba e principais vias de acesso ao centro da cidade." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/991.

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Fundação Araucária
O ruído urbano vem sendo cada vez mais uma grande preocupação para a sociedade moderna. Diante disto, este estudo de caso tem como objetivoelaborar um mapa acústico com os níveis de pressão sonora da região central de Curitiba e principais vias de acesso ao centro, a fim de se conhecer quais níveis de ruído estão expostos os cidadãos e trabalhadores e identificar áreas com valores sonoros acima dos permitidos pela legislação. A metodologia adotada para a confecção do mapa acústico desta pesquisa tem como referência a norma NBR 10151, a qual estabelece critérios para os medidores de pressão e para as condições de medição. Na primeira fase foram feitas medições dos níveis de ruído presentes em 416 pontos do centro da cidade e das principais vias de acesso ao mesmo. Posteriormente levantou-se a altura das edificações de toda a região mensurada para confecção do mapa acústico por meio do software CADNAA. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com a Lei Municipal Ordinária de Curitiba nº 10625, de 19 de dezembro de 2002, a qual define que no período diurno (07h01min até 19h00min) o limite de pressão sonora é de 65dB(A) para a zona central, e mostraram que todos os pontos de medições estavam acima do limite permitido pela referida Lei. Concluiu-se que o mapa acústico é uma ferramenta visual muito interessante para visualização dos níveis de ruído em determinado local e que Curitiba precisa tentar se precaver, pois os valores de ruído encontrados superam o limite de sua Lei municipal. Desta forma recomendam-se ações simples e objetivas como a utilização de motores híbridos para frotas de ônibus e caminhões.
The urban noise has been increasingly becoming a major concern for modern society. Given this, this case study aims to map the acoustic sound pressure levels in the central region of Curitiba and main access roads to the center in order to know what levels of noise exposed workers and citizens identify and areas with sound values above those allowed by law. The methodology adopted for the preparation of this research has acoustic map as a reference to NBR 10151, which establishes criteria for pressure gauges and measurement conditions. In the first phase measurements were made of the noise levels present in 416 points of the city center and the main access routes to it. Later raised the height of buildings across the region to prepare for the measured acoustic map through software CadnaA. The results were compared to Ordinary Curitiba Municipal Law No. 10,625, of December 19, 2002, which states that during the daytime (07h01min 19:00 until) limit sound pressure level is 65dB (A) for the central zone. In conclusion it was found that all points of measurement are above the limit allowed by local law. Thus actions are recommended simple and straight forward as using hybrid engines for trucks and bus fleets.
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Marinheski, Vanderlei. "CAPACIDADE DE USO DA TERRA E PERDA DE SOLO EM UMA PROPRIEDADE REPRESENTATIVA NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DO ATALHO, CRUZ MACHADO – PR." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2011. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/548.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:13:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanderlei Marinheski.pdf: 3407638 bytes, checksum: c104e9f29ac3ce677f207d687852e310 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-21
This study sought to evaluate the contribution of different sources producing in sediment on a representative property in river basin of the shortcut, Cruz Machado, PR, and through utility survey of the physical environment in the basin was proposed map a capacity of land use to basin and a in specific for property in representative. The property has a representative system of family farms with low technological level and with the use of rudimentary tools (sickle, hoe use and animals to till the soil), relief is characterized by the constant presence of blocks and boulders of igneous rocks, beyond the steep slopes of the slopes, features that predominate in other properties of the basin and the region as a whole. To measure the erosion were installed plots with erosion pins in a crop of corn, mate, pasture, an area near the house and four snippets of rural roads inside the property, and two stretches of road outside a property on the road general of the basin and the other with access from the house of a farmer in general road, these two have paved with gravel. With the monitoring of parcels and profiles of roads for a year, there were levels of soil removal at each pin or mediated profile road. The results indicate the removal of soil above the tolerance levels for soil characteristics, especially on roads and crop areas. The maps of land use capacity of the basin and representative of the property indicate that more than half of the areas have no aptitude for agriculture and should be used for permanent crops or preserving the flora and fauna..
O presente estudo buscou avaliar a contribuição das diferentes fontes produtoras de sedimentos em uma propriedade representativa na Bacia do Rio do Atalho em Cruz Machado no Paraná. Através de levantamento utilitário do meio físico na bacia, foi proposto um mapa de capacidade de uso da terra para a bacia e um em específico para a propriedade representativa. Esta propriedade possui um sistema de agricultura familiar com baixo nível tecnológico, com uso de ferramentas rudimentares (foice, enxada e o uso de animais para cultivar o solo). O relevo é caracterizado pela constante presença de blocos e matacões de rochas ígneas, além das declividades acentuadas das vertentes, características que predominam em outras propriedades da bacia e região. Para mensuração da erosão foram instaladas parcelas com pinos de erosão em áreas de lavoura com milho, erva-mate, pastagem, quintal e 4 trechos de estradas rurais internas da propriedade, além de 2 trechos de estrada (pavimentadas com cascalho), fora da propriedade, um na estrada geral da bacia e outro que liga a casa de um agricultor à estrada geral. Com o monitoramento das parcelas e trechos de estradas durante um ano, verificaram-se os níveis de remoção de solo em cada pino ou mediada de perfil de estrada. Os resultados indicaram a remoção acima dos níveis de tolerância para as características do solo, principalmente nas estradas e áreas de cultivo. Os mapas de capacidade de uso da terra da bacia e da propriedade representativa apontam que mais da metade das áreas, não apresentam aptidão para agricultura e devem ser usadas para culturas permanentes ou preservação da flora e fauna.
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Cumberbatch, Iris E. "Exploring the Effectiveness of Social and Digital Media Communications on Organization-Public Relationship Building with Employees." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1572457208691.

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Books on the topic "PR measurement"

1

PR news: Guide to best practices in PR measurement. 2nd ed. Rockville, MD: PR New Press, 2006.

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Exploring Measurement: Activities to Develop Measurement Concepts for Children, Lower Primary, Code PR-2401: Lower. Prim-Ed Publishing, 1994.

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Thomas, David. Maths Grid Games - Shape, Space and Measurement (Lower): Code PR-2409. Prim-Ed Publishing, 1997.

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Media Relations Measurement: Determining The Value Of PR To Your Company's Success. Gower Publishing Company, 2004.

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Agency, Nuclear Energy. Long-Term Observation of the Geological Environment: Needs and Techniques/Observation a Long Terme Du Milieu Geologique : Besoins Et Techniques : Pr (OECD documents = Documents OCDE). Organization for Economic, 1993.

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(Editor), Diane Bricker, and Kristie, Ph.D. Pretti-Frontczak (Editor), eds. Aeps Measurement for Three to Six Years (Assessment, Evaluation, and Programming System Series). Brookes Publishing Company, 1996.

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EARLY YEARS OBSERVATION PLANNING IN PR. PRACTICAL PRE-SCHOOL BOOKS, 2012.

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D, Bricker Diane, Cripe, Juliann J. Woods, 1952-, and Slentz Kristine, eds. Assessment, evaluation, and programming system for infants and children. Baltimore: P. H. Brookes Pub. Co., 1993.

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(Editor), Diane Bricker, and Misti Waddell (Editor), eds. Aeps Curriculum for Three to Six Years (Assessment, Evaluation, and Programming System Series). Brookes Publishing Company, 1996.

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Cripe, Juliann, and Kristine Ph D. Slentz. Aeps Curriculum for Birth to 3 Years (Assessment, Evaluation, and Programming System for Infants and Children, Vol 2). Brookes Publishing Company, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "PR measurement"

1

Buhmann, Alexander. "A variance-based approach for PR measurement and evaluation." In Measuring Country Image, 49–79. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_3.

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Noda, Y., T. Mitsui, Y. Terada, K. Tsukada, A. Adachi, T. Yoshida, and Y. Haruta. "Measurement of Tangential the Magnetic Field in the PR Segment in Man." In Biomag 96, 521–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1260-7_128.

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Gisin, Nicolas. "Quantum Measurement of Spins and Magnets, and the Classical Limit of PR-Boxes." In Quantum [Un]Speakables II, 321–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38987-5_18.

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Ramírez, Adrián, and Rifat Sipahi. "Proportional-Retarded (PR) Protocol for a Large Scale Multi-agent Network with Noisy Measurements; Stability and Performance." In Delays and Interconnections: Methodology, Algorithms and Applications, 249–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11554-8_16.

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Whatmough, Danny. "11. Reporting and Measurement." In Digital PR, 133–43. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-619-420181012.

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"Measuring the Results of a PR Campaign." In Media Relations Measurement, 55–69. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315249391-5.

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Marks II, Robert J. "Fourier Transforms in Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes." In Handbook of Fourier Analysis & Its Applications. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195335927.003.0009.

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In this Chapter, we present application of Fourier analysis to probability, random variables and stochastic processes [1089, 1097, 1387, 1329]. Arandom variable, X, is the assignment of a number to the outcome of a random experiment. We can, for example, flip a coin and assign an outcome of a heads as X = 1 and a tails X = 0. Often the number is equated to the numerical outcome of the experiment, such as the number of dots on the face of a rolled die or the measurement of a voltage in a noisy circuit. The cumulative distribution function is defined by FX(x) = Pr[X ≤ x]. (4.1) The probability density function is the derivative fX(x) = d /dxFX(x). Our treatment of random variables focuses on use of Fourier analysis. Due to this viewpoint, the development we use is unconventional and begins immediately in the next section with discussion of properties of the probability density function.
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Narayanamurthy, V. B., Richa Poddar, and R. Periyasamy. "Biomechanical Properties of the Foot Sole in Diabetic Mellitus Patients." In Biomedical Engineering, 444–60. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3158-6.ch019.

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This aricle evaluates and quantifies the biomechanical properties of the foot sole like – loss of protective sensation, hardness of the foot sole and pressure distribution parameter called Power ratio (PR) and its alterations, which have a direct effect on ulcer formation. A new parameter PRS Index is developed to understand the interplay between these parameters and its role in ulcer formation. All diabetic subjects attending the Diabetic foot clinic from Dec2003 to June 2007 undergo a standard foot examination. A total of 652 diabetic patients including 57 ulcer patients are taken for our study. The biomechanical properties include loss of protective sensation (LOPS) which is measured by 10 gm Semmes Weinstein Monofilament (SWMF). Hardness of the foot sole or absence of suppleness is tested using the Durometer (ASTM-D 2240 standards). Plantar pressure measurement is done using the PedoPowerGraph(p) which measures pressure distribution parameter PR. Foot wear properties like hardness of the insole affecting the formation of plantar ulcers was also measured. The above mentioned important parameters can be measured objectively and calculate PRS index value for diabetic with history of previous ulcer patients. We found a single entity of either the PR or shore independently cannot predict the risk for ulcer formation. In this study we found new PRS index value for diabetic with history of previous ulcer patients show significant correlation (i.e. p<0.05 level) between footwear shore and PRS index for history of previous ulcer patients. No significant correlation was shown for diabetic without history of previous ulcer patients and this may be due to diabetic patients are wearing footwear randomly with different degree Shore. From the case studies we found that the PRS index values and other biomechanical parameter of the foot sole can be reversed if the patients wear proper MCR footwear with 20 degree Shore. Use of appropriate footwear has shown that these easily measurable parameters and thus prevent ulcer formation as mentioned in the earlier studies. Several methods are used previously for predicting ulceration in DM patients. But in this study the new index PRS was studied and its role in predicting ulceration. Use of appropriate footwear will reverse the hypertrophic response; this can be quantified by the PRS index. We have found that there is decrease in PRS index by proper off loading the pressure using 20-degree shore MCR footwear.
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A Ngon René, Menoh, Tsoata Esaïe, Tsouga Manga Milie Lionelle, and Owona Ndongo Pierre-André. "Carbon Storage of some Rubber Trees (Hevea brasiliensis) Clones in HEVECAM’s Plantations in South Cameroon." In Biodiversity of Ecosystems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99297.

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The objective of this work was to estimate the quantity of carbon stored by four main clones of rubber tree cultivated in South Cameroon: GT 1, PB 217, PR 107 and RRIC 100. The forest inventory method was used to measure trees morphological parameters, the latter used to calculate carbon storage using the allometric equation of Wauters et al., (2008). The main morphological parameters measured were: leaf area index (LAI), circumference (C), diameter at breast height (DBH) and total tree height (h). Comparing the morphological parameters of clones two by two using a Dunn test, we observe significant differences in the circumference, the diameter and even very significant in the leaf area index, but not in the height. The clones GT 1, PR 107, PB 217, and RRIC 100 stored on average: 111.05 tC / ha, 150.18 tC / ha, 165.25 tC / ha, and 187.25 tC/ha respectively. A significant difference was established between the means of carbon storage of the clones GT 1 and PB 217 (p = 0.0488) on one hand and, that of the clones GT 1 and RRIC 100 (p = 0.0240), on the other hand. These results are an estimation of models, further research can be undertaken for exact measurements.
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Conference papers on the topic "PR measurement"

1

Yune, Jiwon, Kang-Hee Hong, Hyang-Tag Lim, Jong-Chan Lee, Osung Kwon, Sang-Wook Han, Sung Moon, Yong-Su Kim, and Yoon-Ho Kim. "Protecting quantum discord using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal." In 2015 11th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2015.7376508.

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Wang, Jiantao, Jun Yu, Yuming Sun, Cong Zhang, Xiaobo Guo, Biqiu Liu, Song Gao, Shuo Liu, Jun Huang, and Yu Zhang. "Litho Process Optimization to Improve Overlay Measurement in Thick PR Layer." In 2020 China Semiconductor Technology International Conference (CSTIC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cstic49141.2020.9282547.

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Hsu, Cheng-Chih, Yu-Jen Chen, Te-Yu Chiang, Hsin-I. Yeh, and Yung-Fang Yang. "Hydroperoxide concentration measurement with polarized/unpolarized spectrometer." In 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2017.8118692.

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Sato, Kazuhide, Shigeru Yamaguchi, Kazuyoku Tei, and Yoshito Sonoda. "Photoacoustic spectroscopy using remote optical measurement system." In 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2017.8118784.

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Shaji, Chitra, S. B. Sruthil Lal, and Alok Sharan. "Double Mueller matrix measurement of KTP crystal." In 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2017.8118911.

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Kim, Kyung Taec, Kyungseung Kim, and Chang Hee Nam. "Measurement and control of optical waveforms." In 2015 11th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2015.7376399.

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Kim, Y.-S., Jong-Chan Lee, Osung Kwon, and Yoon-Ho Kim. "Protecting entanglement from decoherence via weak quantum measurement." In 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2013.6600351.

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Feng-Lei Hong, Hajime Inaba, Kana Iwakuni, Yoshiaki Nakajima, Kazumoto Hosaka, Masami Yasuda, Takuya Kohno, et al. "Precision measurement with optical frequency combs and clocks." In 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2013.6600187.

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Yan, Shuhua, Guochao Wang, Cunbao Lin, and Yukun Luo. "Displacement measurement by single-grating heterodyne interferometry." In 2015 11th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2015.7376014.

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Chen, Guanying, Xiangli Li, and Xiaorui Han. "Accurate measurement of stress distribution using NaNbO3:Pr nanoparticles." In 2nd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iocn2020-07933.

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