Journal articles on the topic 'Power system operating modes'
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Bolbot, Victor, Gerasimos Theotokatos, Rainer Hamann, George Psarros, and Evangelos Boulougouris. "Dynamic Blackout Probability Monitoring System for Cruise Ship Power Plants." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 6598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206598.
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Stringent environmental regulations and efforts to improve the shipping operations sustainability have resulted in designing and employing more complex configurations for the ship power plants systems and the implementation of digitalised functionalities. Due to these systems complexity, critical situations arising from the components and subsystem failures, which may lead to accidents, require timely detection and mitigation. This study aims at enhancing the safety of ship complex systems and their operation by developing the concept of an integrated monitoring safety system that employs existing safety models and data fusion from shipboard sensors. Detailed Fault Trees that model the blackout top event, representing the sailing modes of a cruise ship and the operating modes of its plant, are employed. Shipboard sensors’ measurements acquired by the cruise ship alarm and monitoring system are integrated with these Fault Trees to account for the acquired shipboard information on the investigated power plant configuration and its components operating conditions, thus, facilitating the estimation of the blackout probability time variation as well as the dynamic criticality assessment of the power plant components. The proposed concept is verified by using a virtual simulation environment developed in Matlab/Simulink. This study supports the dynamic assessment of the ship power plants and therefore benefits the decision-making for enhancing the plant safety during operations.
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Bolbot, Victor, Gerasimos Theotokatos, Rainer Hamann, George Psarros, and Evangelos Boulougouris. "Dynamic Blackout Probability Monitoring System for Cruise Ship Power Plants." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 6598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206598.
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Stringent environmental regulations and efforts to improve the shipping operations sustainability have resulted in designing and employing more complex configurations for the ship power plants systems and the implementation of digitalised functionalities. Due to these systems complexity, critical situations arising from the components and subsystem failures, which may lead to accidents, require timely detection and mitigation. This study aims at enhancing the safety of ship complex systems and their operation by developing the concept of an integrated monitoring safety system that employs existing safety models and data fusion from shipboard sensors. Detailed Fault Trees that model the blackout top event, representing the sailing modes of a cruise ship and the operating modes of its plant, are employed. Shipboard sensors’ measurements acquired by the cruise ship alarm and monitoring system are integrated with these Fault Trees to account for the acquired shipboard information on the investigated power plant configuration and its components operating conditions, thus, facilitating the estimation of the blackout probability time variation as well as the dynamic criticality assessment of the power plant components. The proposed concept is verified by using a virtual simulation environment developed in Matlab/Simulink. This study supports the dynamic assessment of the ship power plants and therefore benefits the decision-making for enhancing the plant safety during operations.
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Abdali, L. M., H. J. Mohammed, B. A. Yakimovich, V. V. Kuvshinov, N. V. Korovkin, and D. F. Bordan. "Modeling the Operating Modes of a Photovoltaic System." Vestnik IzhGTU imeni M.T. Kalashnikova 24, no. 3 (2021): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2413-1172-2021-3-78-87.
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During the operation of photovoltaic installations, the inconstancy of the energy characteristics of the flow of incident solar radiation adversely affects the generation of electrical energy. Consumers are highly dependent on climatic factors and solar insolation. For more efficient operation of generating solar installations, it is necessary to conduct detailed studies of the characteristics of the auxiliary and control equipment of the photovoltaic system. When using mathematical programs to simulate the operating modes of solar power generating systems, it is possible to significantly improve the operating parameters of control units and auxiliary systems and increase the generation of electrical energy. The paper presents an improved electrical diagram of a photovoltaic generating system, its control elements, and the efficiency of energy generation is increased. It also describes a method for modeling the operating modes of photovoltaic (PV) modules, implemented in the Matlab/Simulink program. In the work, it was necessary to define a circuit simulation model for the solar array to ensure interaction with the power converter. The characteristics of the solar cells, which are influenced by irradiation and temperature, are modeled by a circuit model. A simplified equivalent circuit for a diode equivalent PV system is used as a model. The simulation results are compared with different types of PV module data. As a result of the work, it was shown that the created simulation blocks in the Matlab/Simulin system well simulate the operation of solar panels, while they are compatible with different types of photovoltaic modules and are convenient in providing various operating modes. In the study of real operating modes of the proposed generating system, the possibility of increasing the generation of electrical energy was shown. When using the proposed circuit solutions for the operation of solar installations, it is possible to significantly increase their efficiency, extend the trouble-free operation, and increase the service life of the equipment. The conducted research contributes to a better use of blocks of photovoltaic systems used to provide electrical energy to industrial, municipal and individual consumers. The circuit solutions proposed in the work are possible for use both at large solar power plants operating in parallel with the general energy system, and at small photovoltaic installations used to provide individual consumers.
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Elistratov, V. V., and A. V. Vinogradova (Chernova). "Autonomous WPP/HPP power system operating modes study." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 17 (April 2017): 12355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.03.211.
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Zhuravlev, I. M., and A. V. Osipov. "Resonant solar cell energy converter in the power supply system for small spacecraft." Proceedings of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics 23, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21293/1818-0442-2020-23-3-81-85.
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The operation of a solar cell resonant converter at operating modes in the power supply system of a small spacecraft is investigated. The resonant converter with pulse-code regulation simulation model has been developed, and the operation point by stabilizing charge current mode and stabilizing output voltage mode is considered. The converter regulating characteristics in various operating modes are obtained.
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Khayamy, Mehdy, and Olorunfemi Ojo. "A Power Regulation and Droop Mode Control Method for a Stand-Alone Load Fed from a PV-Current Source Inverter." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 16, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2014-0159.
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Abstract A current source inverter fed from photovoltaic cells is proposed to power an autonomous load when operating under either power regulation or voltage and frequency drooping modes. Input–output linearization technique is applied to the overall nonlinear system to achieve a globally stable system under feasible operating conditions. After obtaining the steady-state model that demarcates the modes of operation, computer Simulation results for variations in irradiance and the load power of the controlled system are generated in which an acceptable dynamic response of the power generator system under the two modes of operation is observed.
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Savenko, A. E., and P. S. Savenko. "Supporting the operation of the electrical power system of modern special purpose vessels with dynamic positioning." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 23, no. 6 (March 30, 2022): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-6-99-108.
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THE PURPOSE. Consider the use of special purpose vessels with a dynamic positioning system. To conduct observations and research of the operation of electrical power systems of such vessels for the existence of problems in them that affect the performance of technological operations. To propose methods and means aimed at eliminating situations and processes that adversely affect the operation of shipboard electrical power systems when laying pipelines.METHODS. For observation and research, the unified electrical power systems with electric rudder propellers and a system for laying an underwater pipeline of the "Seven Vega" cable layer was considered. Collected information on all the main electrical systems of the vessel "Seven Vega". Experimental studies were carried out aimed at studying the operating modes of the electrical power system during the laying of pipelines.RESULTS. Experimental oscillograms of currents of parallel operating diesel-generator sets in different modes have been obtained. The existence of power exchange oscillations during the operation of the unified electric power system of the cable-laying ship “Seven Vega” is noted. The data on the negative influence of power oscillations on the operation of tensioners during the laying of underwater pipelines were obtained.CONCLUSION. The use of sea-going vessels with dynamic positioning for laying pipelines and performing oil and gas production operations requires ensuring the operation of their electrical power systems. To ensure the high-quality operation of tensioners in pipeline laying systems, it is necessary to ensure the adjustment of their regulators and to exclude the occurrence of power exchange oscillations during parallel operation of generator sets.
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Elistratov, V. V., and A. V. Vinogradova (Chernova). "SIMULATION OF WPP/HPP POWER SYSTEM OPERATING MODES IN DECENTRALIZED POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 9-10 (June 14, 2016): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2016.09-10.012-024.
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Denysiuk, S. P., P. V. Makhlin, O. A. Shram, and V. M. Slynko. "FEATURES OF OPERATING MODES ANALYSIS OF THE POWER SYSTEM IN AREAS WITH ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC POWER SOURCES (WIND POWER PLANTS)." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2022, no. 1 (January 24, 2022): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2022.01.041.
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High growth of renewable energy sources in the energy system necessitate of balancing their variable power. The integration of the interconnected power grid of Ukraine into the pan-European energy system ENTSO-E provides for solution to the issue of increasing the flexibility of the Ukraine power grid and ensuring the stability of its operating modes. It is shown that the problem of ensuring the stability of operating modes of power systems is growed by the integration of powerful wind farms in power systems. In particular, issues of stability are becoming relevant for both the powerful renewable energy sources themselves and their impact on the stability of existing power plants operating in a compatible manner with these sources at the regional level. The simulations of electromechanical transients and the study of the power grid operating mode when the operation of the wind power plant changes has been carried out in the article. The issues of ensuring the oscillatory stability of the power system at the regional level and ensuring the reliability of power supply in an extreme case - with a sudden shutdown of the wind power plant are considered. The change in power in the main transmission lines and its reverse, the dependence of the voltage in the network, the angles of the rotors of the generators of the nearest power plants and their slippage are investigated in the work. References 14, figures 4, tables 3.
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XIONG, XIAOLING, CHI K. TSE, and XINBO RUAN. "SMOOTH AND NONSMOOTH BIFURCATIONS IN MULTI-STRUCTURE MULTI-OPERATING-MODE HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 23, no. 05 (May 2013): 1350094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127413500946.
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Hybrid renewable power generation systems have been developed rapidly in recent years. Due to the inherent fluctuation of availability of energy from renewable sources, systems that are designed to capture energy from such sources and deliver it in loads have to cope with the difficult challenges of maintaining stability under all possible operating conditions. As a result, the structures and operating modes of such hybrid systems are inherently time-varying. Due to their multiple structures and operating-modes, hybrid systems have rather complex dynamic behavior and the design for stable operation requires thorough consideration of the effects of variation in parameters on the operating modes and corresponding stability statuses. This paper presents a formal system description for such systems and a general procedure for analyzing the change of dynamical behavior under parameter variations (i.e. bifurcation) of this kind of systems. A hybrid power system consisting of dual-input buck converters is taken as an example for illustrating the possible complex behavior. We reveal smooth and nonsmooth bifurcation phenomena in this system. Under certain conditions, nonsmooth bifurcations have been observed and verified with full-circuit simulations. Moreover, a detailed analysis based on an averaged model is performed to identify two specific types of bifurcation and evaluate the stability boundaries of the system.
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Xiao, Nengqi, Xiang Xu, and Baojia Chen. "Research on Simulation and Experiment of Ship Complex Diesel-Electric Hybrid Propulsion System." Journal of Ship Research 64, no. 02 (June 1, 2020): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2020.64.2.171.
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This article introduces the composition and 12 operating conditions of a four-engine two-propeller hybrid power system. Through the combination of gearbox clutch and disconnection, the propulsion system has four single-engine operation modes, two double-engine parallel operation modes, and six PTI operation modes. Because the propulsion system has a variety of operating conditions, each operating condition has a form of energy transfer. As a result, its energy management and control are more complicated. To study the energy management and control strategy of a diesel- electric hybrid propulsion system, this work mainly studies the simulation model and sub-models of a diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. In this study, MATLAB/ SIMULINK software is used to build the diesel engine model, motor model, and ship engine system mathematical model. The test and analysis were carried out on the test bench of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. By comparing the theoretical value of the SIMULINK simulation model with the test value of the test bench system, the correctness of each sub-model modeling method is verified. On the one hand, research on the text lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent implementation of the conventional energy management and control strategy based on state identification on the unified management and distribution of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. At the same time, energy management of the diesel-electric hybrid system is also carried out. Optimization research provides theoretical guidance.
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Nikolova Poceva, Sofija, Anton Chaushevski, Valentino Stojkovski, and Zoran Markov. "Hydro power plants operating modes in a cascade system depending on the needs of the power system." Energija, Ekonomija, Ekologija 22, no. 1-2 (2020): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/eee20-1-2.153np.
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The paper presents the methodology for hydro power plants operation (Long-term and Short-term) in a hydro power cascade system. It includes water managing of generating and/or pumping units taking into accounts technical characteristics of the power plants facilities (turbine/generator and pump/motor systems), reservoirs characteristics considering all hydraulically connected infrastructures which are, as well as the hydrological conditions (for run offs and turbine inflows). The goal of the operation for all hydropower system is to have maximum profit from electricity production taking into account electricity market environment, power system requirements, as well as satisfying technical conditions and at the same time avoiding water spilling as it is maximum possible. Operating modes of the hydro power plants depend on electricity market price, tariff prices and time duration of each tariff (base, peak, and rush hour), technical characteristics of the unit(s), hydro technical conditions, water reservoir’s volumes, run off and others. The application of the model is presented with the results on real hydro power systems consist of different hydraulic connections in various cases depend on hydrological conditions and requirements. The model can be used to make preliminary analysis for additional improvement of hydro systems as having the results for additional installed power of the existing system. The selected output results are presented with appropriated comparing and at the end with conclusion remarks.
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Chen, Ping, Hui Lan Jiang, and Kai Zeng. "A Self-Tuning Power System Stabilizer Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 1104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.1104.
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The traditional power system stabilizer (PSS) usually configures parameters in off-line circumstances and can’t adapt to the variations of power system operating modes well. Based on the prony algorithm, this paper presents a parameter self-tuning PSS. After identifying the system reduced model, it recognizes the real-time low frequency oscillation characteristics of system based on the online prony and uses the dominant mode frequency to complete self-tuning parameters of PSS. The simulation results in IEEE 4-11 system show that the self-tuning PSS based on prony algorithm can adapt to the variations of power system operating modes and restrain low frequency oscillation system better, then improve the stability of the system.
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Madhu, Mr B. "Reliability Evaluation of Bulk Power Systems Incorporating UPFC." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 25, 2021): 2339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35505.
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Unified power flow controller (UPFC) is one of the most advanced flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices that can simultaneously and independently control both the real and reactive power flow in a transmission line. The utilization of UPFC can result in significant reliability benefits in modern power systems. This paper proposes a novel reliability network model for a UPFC, which incorporates the logical structure and the distinct operating modes of a UPFC. Two-state or three-state models have been used for UPFC by previous researchers. The proposed model divides the UPFC operating modes into four states, namely the UPFC up state, STATCOM state, SSSC state and UPFC down state, in order to improve the accuracy of the model by recognizing the practical operating states of a UPFC. The new model also incorporates an AC flow-based optimal load shedding approach to assess the impact of bus voltages and reactive power flow on UPFC in order to decide appropriate load curtailment in the reliability evaluation process. The performance of the proposed model is verified using a test system, and compared with different reliability models of UPFC. Various operating schemes, such as different placement locations of UPFC, and different capacities of UPFC are used to illustrate the advantages of the developed models, and to examine the impacts of UPFC on the system reliability.
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Makhlin, P., A. Shram, and O. Kuzmenko. "IMPROPER OPERATING MODES IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS." Transactions of Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University 4 (August 28, 2020): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/1995-0519.2020.4.100-109.
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BURLAKA, Serhiy. "ALGORITHM OF FUNCTIONING OF A MACHINE-TRACTOR UNIT USING A FUEL MIXER SUPPLY SYSTEM." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 305, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-305-1-136-140.
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The switching scheme of operation of the machine-tractor unit with the use of the power supply system with the fuel mixer and the electronic control unit on the basis of Arduino Uno is presented. This scheme provides a fully adaptive power supply system for biofuels and their mixtures depending on the load-speed indicators and operating modes. The selection of circuit components is carried out. A linear algorithm for writing a control program for the engine power system has been developed, which ensures its energy efficiency and efficiency of the machine-tractor unit. During the operation of the machine-tractor unit there is a constant change of thermal, loading and speed modes. Internal combustion engines during operation usually operate in unstable modes – start, warm up, acceleration, braking, increase and decrease the load, stop. There is a need to develop a method of controlling the work processes of the diesel engine for its operation on a mixture of BF and PSU with electronic control of the fuel mixture depending on the operating modes. Engines are dynamically asymmetrical objects, ie the processes that take place when increasing and decreasing the load on the crankshaft, when starting and stopping the engine, differ from each other. The development of the algorithm for controlling the working processes of the diesel engine when working on a mixture of BF and PSU with electronic control of the fuel mixture depending on the operating modes of the engine will differ. Technical parameters of the diesel engine and power supply system that must be controlled during operation: torque, crankshaft speed, power, coolant temperature, PSU temperature, percentage of fuel mixture. Fuel consumption refers to economic indicators, to environmental – the composition and amount of harmful emissions. The value of these indicators directly depends on the modes of operation.
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Ebrahim, M. A., and H. S. Ramadan. "Interarea Power System Oscillations Damping via AI-based Referential Integrity Variable-Structure Control." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 17, no. 5 (October 1, 2016): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2016-0147.
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Abstract The design of power system stabilizer (PSS) is load-dependent and needs continuous adjustment at each operating condition. This paper aims at introducing a robust non-fragile PSS for interconnected power systems. The proposed controller has the capability of adaptively tuning online its rule-base through a variable-structure direct adaptive control algorithm in order to rigorously attain the desired objectives. The PSS controller acts on damping the electromechanical modes of oscillations not only through a wide range of operating conditions but also in presence of different disturbances. Using MATLABTM-Simulink, simulation results significantly verify that the proposed controller provides favorable performance and efficiently contributes towards enhancing the system dynamic behavior when applied to the four machines two-area power system that mimics the typical system behavior in actual operation. The interaction between the variable-structure adaptive fuzzy-based power system stabilizer (VS-AFPSS) and the existed typical ones inside the interconnected power systems has been explicitly discussed. Compared to other conventional controllers, VS-AFPSS enables better damping characteristics to both local and inter-area oscillation modes considering different operating conditions and sever disturbances.
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Шириязданов and Rustem Shiriyazdanov. "Matching characteristics of agricultural power plants of mobile machines to the terms of their usage." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 3 (December 14, 2014): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6504.
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Lack of accommodation of powertrains characteristics of mobile machines with the conditions of their operation in the agricultural sector leads to several problems. The aim of this study was chosen to create an approach to harmonize the characteristics of mobile machines powertrains with the conditions of their operation in the agricultural sector, which would allow to increase the efficiency of these machines due to: taking into account engine modes and transmission, peculiar to real operating conditions; taking into account the influence of the control action on the engine operation modes and transmission (partial work on high-speed mode); taking into account the influence of external constraints (requirements, efficiency criteria) on the engine operation modes the and transmission; the possibility of using operational means of establishing characteristics in the early stages of designing. A number of tasks were solved: 1) Creation of a mathematical model of the system, including the powertrain, the mobile machine operating conditions and control actions; 2) Collection of experimental data to verify the adequacy of the model; 3) Conducting computational experiments; 4) Optimization model for applications. Using the developed model, it becomes possible for any unit of the “powertrain - mobile machine – operation environment” system to set design requirements for specific operating conditions, as well as the laws of control of system components. The methods of applications of the model, the specific algorithms of system control for applications were developed.
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Li, Fei Gao, Yan Hua Meng, and Shao Bing Shi. "Study on Neutral Point Earthed Method of Green Power System." Advanced Materials Research 722 (July 2013): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.722.135.
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This paper mainly is study on power system working state with neutral point different grounded methods, when the power system is normal working and the single-phase grounding. And further analysis of the different operating modes of voltage and current relationships, expounds the different operation occasions and characteristics.
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Khvatov, Oleg Stanislavovich, Ilya Aleksandrovich Tarpanov, and Pavel Vadimovich Kuznecov. "Ship power plant with reversible shaft generator unit operating by dual-power machine scheme and variable speed diesel generator." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-3-93-100.
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The article presents the analysis of the operating modes of small displacement vessels, which states that most of the working time the vessels are in standby mode, or move at low speed. The main ship diesel engines operate at a load of 10-15% (maximum 20%), which impacts the operational performance: the oil and water jacket of the engine do not have time to warm up, fuel and oil consumption increases. There takes place coking of piston rings, intercoolers and other components, which leads to a sharp decrease in the service life of the engine. In order to eliminate the disadvantages happening in the main engines operation in shared load modes, it is considered to use the shaft generator unit as a propeller shaft unit in the prolonged operation of the vessel at passing with a low speed and maneuvering. Such a variant of the shaft generator can be called a reversible shaft generator unit (RSGU) capable of operating in both generator and motor modes. At the same time, it is advisable to power the reversible shaft generator and general ship consumers from a diesel generator, which, in order to save fuel, can be applied as a variable speed diesel generator unit. There is presented a RSGU variant based on an asynchronous machine with a phase rotor and a frequency converter in the rotor (a double power supply machine). The functional and structural schemes of the ship’s electric power system using the variable speed diesel generator and the propulsive system based on the reversible shaft generator are presented. In the Matlab software there are developed the simulation models and presented the results of simulation modeling of the operating modes of the above systems.
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Feng, Wang, and Luo Yutao. "Modelling of a Power Converter with Multiple Operating Modes." World Electric Vehicle Journal 9, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj9010007.
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In order to achieve DC voltage matching, on-board charging, and DC/AC power inversion, three independent power converters are often needed in traditional Distributed Power Converter (DPC) systems of electric vehicles (EVs): bidirectional DC/DC (Bi-DC/DC), AC/DC, and DC/AC. The requirement of electronic devices such as power switches, inductors, and capacitors make the converter costly and complicated in structure. In this paper, a power converter with multi-operating mode (PCMM) is presented. The proposed PCMM can work in Bi-DC/DC, AC/DC, and DC/AC modes. The state-space averaging model of PCMM considering resistance of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and the inductor is presented. Based on this model, the transfer function of the system is derived and the controller is designed. The simulation and experimental results show that PCMM can meet the design target and verify the feasibility of the model. The measurement results show that the weight of PCMM proposed in this paper is reduced by 51.2% compared with the traditional structure.
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Voytetsky, Igor, Taisiya Voytetskaya, Leonid Vyshnevskyi, Igor Kozyryev, Oksana Maksymova, Maksym Maksymov, and Viktoriia Kryvda. "Improving the ship's power plant automatic control system by using a model-oriented decision support system in order to reduce accident rate under the transitional and dynamic modes of operation." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 2 (111) (June 30, 2021): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.234447.
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This paper proposes a method to improve the performance of a ship's power plant by reducing accidents within it under transitional operating modes. The method is based on decreasing the number of service personnel errors by using a model-oriented decision support system. In order to implement the proposed method, the structure of the system of automatic control of the ship's power plant has been improved. Such an improvement of the control system implied the integration of a modeling unit and a decision support unit into its structure. The modeling unit makes it possible to predict values of the controlled parameters under a transition mode of operation before they actually appear in the system as a result of the operator's actions. A mathematical model of the automatic control system under transitional operating modes has been built for this unit. In order to implement the decision support unit, a method has been devised to formalize the task of managing the power plant under transitional operating modes. The method essentially involves modeling a transitional operating regime, followed by an evaluation of the results based on regulatory requirements and an empirical criterion for assessing the quality of enabling the diesel generators to work in parallel. In addition, a method has been developed for the decision support unit to reduce the accident rate and improve performance with the help of a mathematical apparatus of fuzzy inference, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy sets. Transitional operating regimes resulting from actual erroneous operator actions during ship flights were investigated. As a result of using the proposed system, the power plant performance increases
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Krokhta, G. M., N. A. Usatykh, and Ye N. Khomchenko. "Operating efficiency increase of Д-440 constant power engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 81, no. 3 (March 15, 2014): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65617.
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Analysis of operation modes and conditions typical for agricultural tractors as well as their influence on operating efficiency of turbocharging diesel engines is presented. Results of experimental investigations of diesel engine, equipped with turbocharging control system are given.
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Hossain, Jahangir, Apel Mahmud, Naruttam K. Roy, and Hemanshu R. Pota. "Enhancement of Transient Stability Limit and Voltage Regulation with Dynamic Loads Using Robust Excitation Control." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 14, no. 6 (October 23, 2013): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2013-0037.
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Abstract In stressed power systems with large induction machine component, there exist undamped electromechanical modes and unstable monotonic voltage modes. This article proposes a sequential design of an excitation controller and a power system stabiliser (PSS) to stabilise the system. The operating region, with induction machines in stressed power systems, is often not captured using a linearisation around an operating point, and to alleviate this situation a robust controller is designed which guarantees stable operation in a large region of operation. A minimax linear quadratic Gaussian design is used for the design of the supplementary control to automatic voltage regulators, and a classical PSS structure is used to damp electromechanical oscillations. The novelty of this work is in proposing a method to capture the unmodelled nonlinear dynamics as uncertainty in the design of the robust controller. Tight bounds on the uncertainty are obtained using this method which enables high-performance controllers. An IEEE benchmark test system has been used to demonstrate the performance of the designed controller.
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Ramousse, Julien, and Christophe Goupil. "Chart for Thermoelectric Systems Operation Based on a Ternary Diagram for Bithermal Systems." Entropy 20, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20090666.
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Thermoelectric system’s operation needs careful attention to ensure optimal power conversion depending on the application aims. As a ternary diagram of bithermal systems allows a synthetic graphical analysis of the performance attainable by any work-heat conversion system, thermoelectric systems operation is plotted as a parametric curve function of the operating conditions (electric current and reservoirs’ temperature), based on the standard model of Ioffe. The threshold of each operating mode (heat engine, heat pump, thermal dissipation, and forced thermal transfer), along with the optimal efficiencies and powers of the heat pump and heat engine modes, are characterized graphically and analytically as a function of the material properties and the operating conditions. The sensibility of the performance aims (maximum efficiency vs. maximum power) with the operating conditions is, thus, highlighted. In addition, the specific contributions of each phenomenon involved in the semiconductor (reversible Seebeck effect, irreversible heat leakage by conduction and irreversible thermal dissipation by Joule effect) are discussed in terms of entropy generation. Finally, the impact of the exo-irreversibilities on the performance is analyzed by taking the external thermal resistances into account.
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Mikhalevic, A. A., and U. A. Rak. "Belarus Power Engineering System Modeling Taking into Account the Nuclear Power Plant Commissioning." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 64, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2021-64-1-5-14.
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The article presents the analysis of the specific features of modeling the operation of energy systems with a large share of nuclear power plants (NPP). The study of operating conditions and characteristics of different power units showed that a power engineering system with a large share of NPP and CHPP requires more detailed modeling of operating modes of generating equipment. Besides, with an increase in the share of installations using renewable energy sources, these requirements are becoming tougher. A review of the literature revealed that most often the curve of the load duration and its distribution between blocks are used for modeling energy systems. However, since this method does not reflect a chronological sequence, it can only be used if there are no difficulties with ensuring power balance. Along with this, when the share of CHP and nuclear power plants is high, to maintain a balance of power one must know the parameters and a set of powered equipment not only currently but, also, in the previous period. But this is impossible if a curve of load duration is used. For modeling, it is necessary to use an hourly load curve and to calculate the state of the energy system for each subsequent hour in chronological order. In the course of a comparative analysis of available computer programs, it was not possible to identify a suitable model among the existing ones. The article presents a mathematical model developed by the authors, which makes us possible to simulate the operation of a power engineering system with a large share of NPP and CHPP while maintaining the power balance for each hour of the forecast period. Verification of the proposed model showed good accuracy of the methods used.
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Chen, Shen-En, and Kaoshan Dai. "Modal Characteristics of Two Operating Power Transmission Poles." Shock and Vibration 17, no. 4-5 (2010): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/794170.
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Unique conductor-pole couplings complicate the dynamic behaviors of electric transmission pole line systems. Finite element modeling is performed on two typical transmission poles used in southeastern USA – a steel pole and a prestressed concrete pole. The two poles are representative of unique structure types: a heavy rod-like structure and a lightweight, shell-type structure. Since coupling issues between the pole and the cable introduce great complexities for modeling the pole line system, simplified numerical models are used. Limited full-scale modal test results are presented to verify the numerical models. The prestressed concrete pole is shown to be easier for mode identification than the steel pole – but both numerical models show complicated coupled vibration modes. This study is part of a larger study to establish an understanding of the dynamic response analyses of power grid under ground vibrations.
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Lautert, Renata Rodrigues, Wagner da Silva Brignol, Luciane Neves Canha, Olatunji Matthew Adeyanju, and Vinícius Jacques Garcia. "A Flexible-Reliable Operation Model of Storage and Distributed Generation in a Biogas Power Plant." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 3154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093154.
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This paper presents a novel methodology for planning and operating biogas energy systems based on the transactive energy concept to determine multilevel operating regimes for distributed generation. The developed model is used to manage the production, storage, and dispatch of biogas energy systems to meet the load demands of the biogas producer and support the operation of the distribution network operator. An Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is fitted to optimize the biogas production of the biogas producer, including the operation of the biogas storage systems and their interaction with the network operator. The model’s objective is to maximize benefits for the participating agents in a transactive energy context. The model’s effectiveness is validated using seven case studies involving biogas systems having different operating ranges and modes to achieve enhanced flexibility and reliability for the system operation with a large proportion of intermittent energy resources. The simulation results showed that the approach could effectively manage the operation of biogas systems and their interaction with the network operator. The developed model is suitable for systems fostering net metering charging and real-time pricing.
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Lautert, Renata Rodrigues, Wagner da Silva Brignol, Luciane Neves Canha, Olatunji Matthew Adeyanju, and Vinícius Jacques Garcia. "A Flexible-Reliable Operation Model of Storage and Distributed Generation in a Biogas Power Plant." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 3154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093154.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a novel methodology for planning and operating biogas energy systems based on the transactive energy concept to determine multilevel operating regimes for distributed generation. The developed model is used to manage the production, storage, and dispatch of biogas energy systems to meet the load demands of the biogas producer and support the operation of the distribution network operator. An Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is fitted to optimize the biogas production of the biogas producer, including the operation of the biogas storage systems and their interaction with the network operator. The model’s objective is to maximize benefits for the participating agents in a transactive energy context. The model’s effectiveness is validated using seven case studies involving biogas systems having different operating ranges and modes to achieve enhanced flexibility and reliability for the system operation with a large proportion of intermittent energy resources. The simulation results showed that the approach could effectively manage the operation of biogas systems and their interaction with the network operator. The developed model is suitable for systems fostering net metering charging and real-time pricing.
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Tikhonov, A. I., A. V. Stulov, A. A. Karzhevin, and A. V. Podobny. "Development of a nonlinear model of a three-phase transformer to study the effect of asymmetry of the magnetic system on the operation of the device in arbitrary modes." Vestnik IGEU, no. 1 (2020): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2020.1.022-031.
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Currently, when designing power transformers in order to take into account the influence of the asymmetry of the magnetic system on the operation of the device, especially in transition modes, engineering analysis packages based on field models are increasingly being used. However, such models are slow. At the same time, dynamic transformer models based on the magnetic circuit model are not inferior in accuracy to field models. Existing chain models of a three-phase transformer either do not take into account the asymmetry of the magnetic system or poorly integrate with simulation packages. The purpose of this article is to develop a dynamic model of a three-phase transformer which would allow considering the design features at the design stage, in particular, the asymmetry of the magnetic system and the influence of these features on arbitrary modes of the device operation. A contour current method was used to calculate a non-linear magnetic circuit of a three-rod transformer, and a single-step method based on a modified 2nd order Rosenbrock formula was used to calculate the electrical circuit. A nonlinear dynamic model of a three-phase three-core transformer based on the use of controlled current sources and EMF has been developed. This model is able to integrate with simulation packages including MatLab Simulink SimPowerSystem. The model allows taking into account the influence of the asymmetry of the magnetic system on the transformer operation in various operating modes including emergency and asymmetric ones. The novelty of the developed model can be seen in the approach to constructing a nonlinear matrix of magnetic resistances without explicitly using inductance matrices, which increases the accuracy and stability of the model considering the asymmetry of the magnetic system. The curves of transients in the characteristic operating modes of the transformer are given. The developed models can be used in the design of power transformers, including specific ones. They enable to increase the accuracy of the verification calculation and bring it to the level of simulation modelling. These models can also be applied for constructing digital twins of power transformers taking into account the influence of the design features of transformer equipment on the operation of power grids.
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Rafea M. Abd El-Maksoud, Rafea M. Abd El-Maksoud. "Advanced Power Transmission System." journal of King Abdulaziz University Engineering Sciences 23, no. 2 (February 22, 2012): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/eng.23-2.10.
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Different researches are adopted to modify and enhance automatic transmission by every means. Whereas, torque converter that represents the most important component in such transmission suffers from some problems that are not completely solved. In this paper, power transmission system is herein introduced as a unique power transmission system that is not affected by torque converter problems. This power transmission operates with power splitting concept and is composed of conventional torque converter connected to planetary sets. Three clutches are used to shift the operating modes and unique positive displacement hydraulic couplings are utilized to regulate performance in power paths. Also, a modified model used to predict torque converter performance is utilized with planetary gear kinetics to assess the transmission performance. Moreover, the present system operates with high performance. Unlike the automatic transmission that operates in line, the present system operates with infinity number of operational bands for each engine speed.
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Malamov, Dian, Ivan Hadzhiev, Vasilina Zlatanova, Snejana Terzieva, and Aleksandar Georgiev. "Analysis of a wind farm with SCIG integrated into a high power system." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 39, no. 3 (March 27, 2020): 637–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2019-0383.
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Purpose The aim of this paper is a steady-state analysis of the basic electrical characteristics of a wind farm with squirrel-cage induction generators (SCIG), integrated into a high power system. The SCIG are connected to the system by means of a step-up substation 21/115 kV, realized by cable lines. Design/methodology/approach The analyses have been done with the help of a computer model, developed in MATLAB/Simulink. Findings Results have been obtained, concerning the influence of the SCIG on the active and reactive power, on the power factor and the voltage deviation in the cases of only one generator operating, all generators operating and disabled generators. Practical implications The analysis has been carried out for an operating wind farm in the power system. The obtained results are applicable for optimizing and managing the modes of operation of the wind farm. Originality/value A mathematical model for studying the electrical parameters of an SCIG integrated into a high power system has been described. A computer model in MATLAB/Simulink has been synthesized. Numerical results have been obtained, concerning the dependence of the active power, the reactive power, the power factor and the voltage deviation on the shaft torque of the wind farms with SCIG.
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Trofimov, Ivan, Leonid Trofimov, Sergei Podkovalnikov, Lyudmila Chudinova, Lev Belyaev, and Vladimir Savelév. "The computing and information system for research of prospective electric power grids expansion." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 29, no. 4 (2019): 465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor181115021t.
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The paper describes the software tool implemented by Melentiev Energy Systems Institute SB RAS, aimed to solve wide range of energy issues. In this article, the Computing and Information System (CIS) means a software tool that provides collection, transfer, processing, storage, geo-visualization, and output of digital technical and economic data of different energy/power entities. Besides, this tool is incorporated within a mathematical model for optimization of expansion and operating modes of power systems. The paper discusses the example of how data storage and data representation in object-oriented database assist to improve efficiency of research prospective electric power systems expansion and operation.
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Bulatov, Yuri, Andrey Kryukov, and Aleksandr Cherepanov. "Mathematical models for determining limit operating modes in electrical networks with distributed generation plants." Science Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State Technical University, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1814-1196-2020-4-17-36.
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Decentralization of electricity generation based on distributed generation plants is an important segment of the new technology platform for the power industry. On the basis of this approach, significant positive effects can be obtained, which consist in reducing financial costs of energy supply, increasing the uninterrupted power supply, improving the quality of electricity and stimulating the use of renewable energy sources. Effective use of distributed generation in electric power systems requires the development of methods and tools that provide coordinated management of normal, emergency and post-emergency modes. Of particular relevance is the problem of determining the limit operating modes of networks, at the nodal points of which relatively low power generators are connected. In some situations, for example, when using small hydraulic stations, groups of such generators can be located at significant distances for 6-10-20 kV distribution networks from consumption centers. In this case there will be a noticeable limitation of the regions of static aperiodic stability. The article presents the results of developments aimed at implementing methods for determining the limit operating modes by static aperiodic stability in networks with distributed generation plants. The proposed approach is based on the limit modes equations which provide the formation of effective algorithms for the operational finding of points belonging to the boundaries of stability regions. The results of the construction of the indicated areas for a 6 kV electric network with distributed generation plants based on low-power hydraulic stations are presented. Additionally, the transient processes in the studied electric power system were simulated in the Matlab system for various space points of the controlled mode parameters.
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Kechkin, Aleksei Olegovich, Aleksandr Sergeevich Plekhov, and Oleg Stanislavovich Khvatov. "Improving efficiency of dredger electric power system." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2022, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-1-50-57.
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Most river dredgers are equipped with several electric positioning drives, a soil pump electric drive and a hydraulic washing pump. The listed electric drives are the main consumers of electricity from the dredger diesel generators. It is necessary to change the structure of the ship electric power network in order to reduce fuel consumption by diesel generators. The energy characteristics of the dredger electric drive system with a different configuration of the converter equipment are determined. Simulation models of the dredger DC and AC power systems have been developed. The models were built using MATLAB Simulink software and SimPowerSystem library. Application of simulation models made it possible to assess the efficiency of using a DC bus in the power system of the dredger. The circuits of the dredger electric power system, electric drives of cross-dredging winches are illustrated. The operation modes of electric drives of cross-dredging winches are analyzed. The necessity of analyzing the operation of electric drives and of developing the control signals for the braking resistors of the frequency converter in the power control system is revealed. The parameters of the presented electric drives and their values are considered. The expressions for calculating the total power of the system nodes are given, taking into account the characteristics of the operating modes of the dredger electric drives based on an alternating current network. Using the developed version of the power system contributes to saving capital costs and specific fuel consumption. Modernization of the power system helps reduce the power of diesel generators, increase the efficiency of the system and reduce the power of the ventilation system of compartments with winch frequency converters, due to regenerative braking by the electric drives.
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Kobernik, V. S. "Fuel consumption of thermal power technologies under maneuvering modes." Problems of General Energy 2020, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2020.04.045.
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A characteristic feature of the present day development of power engineering lies in the increase in the unevenness of power systems schedules. The structure of generating powers of Ukrainian energy engineering is overloaded with basic powers and characterized by a sharp deficit of maneuvering wanes. To cover the uneven load of the power system during the operation of existing and construction of new power plants, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of their operation under maneuvering modes. This paper determines the influence of work of power plants i under maneuvering modes on the specific consumption of conditional fuel on the released electric energy at working on gas or coal fuel. Fuel consumption for starting of a unit depends on its type and downtime in reserve. The use of steam–and–gas facilities and gas turbines helps to enhance the maneuverability of power plants. Alternative options for the development of thermal energy are the introduction of gas–piston power plants and power units with fluidized–bed boilers. We present formulas for the calculations of fuel consumption on by power units for start–ups and specific consumptions depending on the load and degree of their involvement to regulating loads for different thermal energy technologies: steam–turbine condensation and district heating power units; steam–and–gas and gas turbine plants; gas piston installations; power units with fluidized bed boilers. For enhancing the maneuverability of power plants, working on fossil fuels, their modernization and renewal of software are necessary. Quantitative assessment of the efficiency of power units and separate power plants during their operation under variable modes is important for forecasting the structure of generating capacities of power systems, the need to introduce peak and semi–peak capacities, the choice of the most profitable composition of operating equipment at different schedules of electrical loads Keywords: thermal power, power unit, maneuverable mode, electrical load, specific fuel consumption
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Zhang, Yunfeng, and Hourong Pan. "The Research of High Voltage Auxiliary Power System Neutral Point Grounding Modes between the Nuclear Power Plant and Conventional Fossil Fuel Power Plant." World Construction 4, no. 4 (December 28, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wcj.v4i4.3.
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<p>Currently, in power plants, the application of the extinction coil in high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point is less experienced. A research done on nuclear power plant and conventional fossil fuel power plant proved that using an auxiliary power system’s different characteristics was leading to different demands of the grounding modes. Thus, this research was done by selecting the grounding mode of high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point on the main nuclear power plants and the partial fossil fuel power plants together with the calculation of practical engineering, and optimal design schemes. The high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point grounding modes have been induced in the large-scale into the nuclear power plant and the conventional fossil fuel power plant. Methods in determining the neutral point grounding modes are used by analyzing the principles commonly used grounding modes and requirements of related codes. First, choose the suitable grounding mode according to the calculation result of capacitive current. Then, choose more conducive grounding mode to the operation of power plant according to the operation of technology equipment. The power is required from the configuration, connection of auxiliary power and the cut from the accident of auxiliary power. As some power plants which are under-construction will be putting into operation one after another, the whole set of perfect security arrangements and operating experiences will also be accumulated inevitably. As a conclusion, high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point grounding modes directly affect the running of the auxiliary power system and even affect the security of the nuclear safety and the operation of the power plant. I hope this article can play a role for reference on the selection of the auxiliary power system grounding modes.</p>
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Zhang, Yunfeng, and Hourong Pan. "The Research of High Voltage Auxiliary Power System Neutral Point Grounding Modes between the Nuclear Power Plant and Conventional Fossil Fuel Power Plant." World Construction 4, no. 4 (December 28, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wc.v4i4.13.
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<p>Currently, in power plants, the application of the extinction coil in high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point is less experienced. A research done on nuclear power plant and conventional fossil fuel power plant proved that using an auxiliary power system’s different characteristics was leading to different demands of the grounding modes. Thus, this research was done by selecting the grounding mode of high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point on the main nuclear power plants and the partial fossil fuel power plants together with the calculation of practical engineering, and optimal design schemes. The high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point grounding modes have been induced in the large-scale into the nuclear power plant and the conventional fossil fuel power plant. Methods in determining the neutral point grounding modes are used by analyzing the principles commonly used grounding modes and requirements of related codes. First, choose the suitable grounding mode according to the calculation result of capacitive current. Then, choose more conducive grounding mode to the operation of power plant according to the operation of technology equipment. The power is required from the configuration, connection of auxiliary power and the cut from the accident of auxiliary power. As some power plants which are under-construction will be putting into operation one after another, the whole set of perfect security arrangements and operating experiences will also be accumulated inevitably. As a conclusion, high voltage auxiliary power system neutral point grounding modes directly affect the running of the auxiliary power system and even affect the security of the nuclear safety and the operation of the power plant. I hope this article can play a role for reference on the selection of the auxiliary power system grounding modes.</p>
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Tyagunov, Mikhail G., and Razhidin P. Sheverdiev. "Models and Methods for Studying Factors Influencing the Performance of a Hybrid Guaranteed Power Supply Complex." Vestnik MEI, no. 5 (2021): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2021-5-58-68.
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The aim of the work is to study the factors influencing the composition, parameters, and operation modes of a hybrid energy complex intended for providing guaranteed power supply to consumers located in isolated and hard-to-reach areas. The article presents mathematical models of the operating modes of power installations based on renewable energy sources as part of a hybrid energy complex involving parallel operation of different types of energy storage units, with taking into account the lifecycle, technical and process features of their functioning in isolated power systems. A 3D model of the hybrid energy complex has been developed, using which its performance can be studied under operating conditions close to real ones. In addition, a methodology of applying the model in solving design problems concerned with substantiating the parameters of isolated systems supplying power to consumers in hard-to-reach areas has been elaborated.
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Dey, Prasenjit, Aniruddha Bhattacharya, and Priyanath Das. "Tuning of power system stabilizer for small signal stability improvement of interconnected power system." Applied Computing and Informatics 16, no. 1/2 (December 29, 2017): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aci.2017.12.004.
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This paper reports a new technique for achieving optimized design for power system stabilizers. In any large scale interconnected systems, disturbances of small magnitudes are very common and low frequency oscillations pose a major problem. Hence small signal stability analysis is very important for analyzing system stability and performance. Power System Stabilizers (PSS) are used in these large interconnected systems for damping out low-frequency oscillations by providing auxiliary control signals to the generator excitation input. In this paper, collective decision optimization (CDO) algorithm, a meta-heuristic approach based on the decision making approach of human beings, has been applied for the optimal design of PSS. PSS parameters are tuned for the objective function, involving eigenvalues and damping ratios of the lightly damped electromechanical modes over a wide range of operating conditions. Also, optimal locations for PSS placement have been derived. Comparative study of the results obtained using CDO with those of grey wolf optimizer (GWO), differential Evolution (DE), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and crow search algorithm (CSA) methods, established the robustness of the algorithm in designing PSS under different operating conditions.
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Yang, Ming-Ta, and Li-Feng Chang. "Optimal Protection Coordination for Microgrid under Different Operating Modes." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/404086.
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Significant consequences result when a microgrid is connected to a distribution system. This study discusses the impacts of bolted three-phase faults and bolted single line-to-ground faults on the protection coordination of a distribution system connected by a microgrid which operates in utility-only mode or in grid-connected mode. The power system simulation software is used to build the test system. The linear programming method is applied to optimize the coordination of relays, and the relays coordination simulation software is used to verify if the coordination time intervals (CTIs) of the primary/backup relay pairs are adequate. In addition, this study also proposes a relays protection coordination strategy when the microgrid operates in islanding mode during a utility power outage. Because conventional CO/LCO relays are not capable of detecting high impedance fault, intelligent electrical device (IED) combined with wavelet transformer and neural network is proposed to accurately detect high impedance fault and identify the fault phase.
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Vasenko, V. "SYSTEM OF CONTROL OF OPERATING MODES OF ELECTRIC TRACTION NETWORKS ON THE BASIS OF FUZZY DESCRIPTION OF THEIR CONDITION." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 163 (June 29, 2021): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-3-163-117-125.
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Given the need to save energy and reduce the cost of passenger transport on urban electric transport, the greatest effect (from 5 to 15%) is achieved through the introduction of comprehensive information technologies based on rational modes of traction of electric rolling stock and traction and external power supply. The criterion for assessing the modes of operation of power supply systems of urban electric transport is the energy consumption of traction substations, which reflects most of the influencing factors, including the inseparable relationship of traction and external power supply systems. An approach to the implementation of energy-saving technologies of traction power supply of urban electric transport is proposed, which uses fuzzy models and methods of representation for analysis and selection of controls. It is proposed to implement the control of the power supply system operation modes and the selection of modes on the basis of a vague description of their states. When forming the rules, the following parameters are set: deviation of the daily number of transported passengers on the i-th interstation zone of the two-track section, for the characterization of which the values of fuzzy values "lag (strong, weak, absent)" and "advance (absent, weak, strong)" deviation of daily active energy losses for the substation zone and with the values "strong, absent, weak"; the difference between the daily energy consumption of the i-th substation zone, for the actual mode of operation of the power supply system and the reference mode of uniform loading of the power supply system. When constructing a control model in the form of fuzzy rules, each fuzzy characteristic is approximated by N fuzzy quantities with triangular membership functions. For the fuzzy characteristic the minimum and maximum values of an interval in which there are its admissible values are set. Approximate quantities have a triangular degree of belonging: the vertex lies in the center, it corresponds to the degree of belonging 1, and the other two vertices - on the sides of it with degrees of belonging 0. The fuzzy conclusion is based on the rule of fuzzy Mamdani implication. The constructed base of fuzzy rules, which replaces the model of modes of the power supply system, can be used as a guide to the energy dispatcher to select control for the next time period, taking into account the conditions of uncertainty. The principles of formation of algorithms and filling of databases and knowledge of expert systems are developed and problems of maintenance of modes of energy saving in systems of traction power supply of city electric transport are solved. The proposed algorithms for creating databases of expert systems can be implemented after the modernization of power supply control systems based on new integrated systems. Expert systems must be included in the software of the automated workplace of the energy dispatcher. Their inclusion is planned after introduction of new microprocessor systems of telemechanics of regional control points.
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Halilov, E. D. "ON THE SIMULATION OF MODES ОF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS WITH FACTS." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 60, no. 4 (July 7, 2017): 341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2017-60-4-341-351.
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Power flow control is an important task of development of electric power systems. It is necessary to reduce the power loss, improve the reliability and quality of power supply and increase the power transmission. Currently, on the basis of modern power electronics effective FАСТS devices for flexible control of power system operation modes have been developed. FАСТS devices are able to simultaneously influence the voltage, the reactance, the angle between the voltages. As it is known, the calculations of the established modes of electric systems are the most frequently performed tasks at all the territorial and time levels of control and planning operations. These calculations are significant by themselves, being also an integral part of software systems of calculation of losses of power and energy in electrical networks, calculation of optimal modes and also sustainability. The need for multiple mode calculation imposes high requirements to the methods of calculation of the established modes in real time in terms of performance and reliability of the results of the solution being obtained under operating conditions of electric power systems. In traditional calculations of the established modes of electrical networks, shunt reactors, current-limiting reactors, capacitor banks, longitudinal compensation devices were accounted in the simulation as passive elements. In regard with the introduction of FACTS devices in power systems, there is an arising need to develop appropriate algorithms and implement them in the form of software for analyzing and controlling the established modes of power systems. The methodology and software for calculation of the established modes of electric networks with consideration of FACTS devices have been developed. The software makes it possible to obtain practically acceptable solutions in three outer iterations. Based on the results of numerical simulation of modes of the power system of the “Azerenergy” JSC it was determined that the application of FACTS devices can significantly increase the transmission line active power, improve voltage levels and reduce losses of active power. The dependences of flows and power losses on the control parameter of FACTS devices have been derived.
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Kondratieva, Nadezhda P., Dmitry A. Filatov, and Pavel V. Terentiev. "Study of Operating Modes of a Controllable Lighting System Consisting of a Triac Dimmer and a LED Light Source with a Controllable Driver." Light & Engineering, no. 04-2020 (August 2020): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2019-083.
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The article covers the study of the effect of a dimmer on operation of a light source and elec tromagnetic compatibility of a controllable light ing system. It is found that with reduction of ac tive power P of a light source its luminous flux and bulb heating temperature decrease, the power factor of the lighting system decreases too with increas ing of the total harmonic distortion current factor of the lighting system. The changes are non-linear. Mathematical expressions related to changes of lu minous flux, heating temperature, power factor and total harmonic distortion caused by change of active power of a light source are obtained. A conclusion is made that together with an opportunity to save ener gy and to increase the operating life of the control lable lighting system application of a dimmer leads to reduction of electric power quality and electro magnetic compatibility of this system. The study also demonstrated that changes in supply voltage also affect operation of the controllable lighting system. Reduced supply voltage causes the high est effect on characteristics of the lighting system. Change in the supply voltage strongly affects the lu minous flux and the heating temperature of the light source and the power factor of the lighting system in operating modes at 0.25 of Pnom and 0.5 of Pnom and the total harmonic distortion in operating modes at 0.75 of Pnom and Pnom.
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Huang, Ji Yuan, Xin Ran Li, Ting Ting Zhou, Fei Ke, Qing Zhang, and Wei Jian Liu. "Optimal Capacity Allocation for Supercapacitor Energy Storage System in Power Grid Primary Frequency Regulation." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.407.
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“Rapid response” features enable supercapacitor energy storage systems (SCESSs), used as auxiliary equipment for primary frequency regulation (PFR), to meet the stability and reliability requirements of power grids. In this application, capacity allocation for SCESSs is studied through theoretical derivation and simulation experiments. Firstly, the application scenarios of SCESSs in PFR are analyzed on the basis of weak grid frequency characteristics. Secondly, in two typical operating modes, namely virtual inertia control and droop control, an integrated operating mode is presented with consideration of the start-stop timing and the output depth of SCESSs, and the relationship between the operating modes and rated powers is derived. Then, to satisfy simulation needs of PFR, an analysis model for SCESSs is built, and a common process of SCESS capacity allocation is summarized. Finally, the optimal rated power, virtual inertia coefficient and droop coefficient of an SCESS is calculated with reference events and frequency control requirements of a weak grid as the benchmark. The results show that aforementioned theory is correct and reasonable, and that the proposed method can achieve optimal frequency regulation effects with a small capacity.
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Kosarev, B. A., O. A. Lysenko, V. K. Fedorov, and R. N. Khamitov. "CHAOTIC OPERATING MODES OF POWER SYSTEMS WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION." Actual Issues Of Energy 2, no. 1 (2020): 027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2686-6935-2020-2-1-27-31.
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BALABIN, ALEKSANDR A. "OPERATION ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM INSTALLED IN THE RURAL 0.4 KV POWER GRID." Agricultural engineering, no. 1 (2022): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2022-1-4-72-79.
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To optimize the modes of operation of the power system, improve the power supply reliability to consumers and improve the quality of power supplied to the grid, power storage systems are used as the main and backup power sources. The analysis of the practical experience of using the accumulation system is rather topical nowadays. The authors analyze the practical application in the 0.4 kV power grid “Orelenergo” of an electric energy storage system in the form of a 20 kWh storage device of the MRSK2.0/ESS-50.40 type, installed to improve the quality of electric energy. The article gives an overview of the operating modes of the system’s storage energy and provides the results of an analysis of its control algorithms. It is established that a power grid with unbalanced load application of the considered storage system has worsened operating parameters. This problem arises due to the following design shortcomings: no dependence of the charging/discharging intervals of the drive on the load schedule of consumers, no phase-by-phase control of power output and charging, no shutdown algorithms in an emergency in the power grid. The article concludes with the statement about the incorrect selection of the accumulator intended for correcting power quality indicators. The authors provide recommendations to improve the energy storage systems designed to enhance the quality of electricity to avoid the identified shortcomings.
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Malogulko, Yu, and V. Lastivka. "THE POWER ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH." East European Scientific Journal 1, no. 01(77) (February 17, 2022): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2022.1.77.230.
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An analysis of the existing modern technologies of power energy storage systems was carried out for further study of the issues of their placement in distribution systems, as well as their functioning under different operating modes and features of the power system.
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Wang, Kai Liang, and Jiang Zeng. "Optimal Design of Passive Filter Groups Based on Three Kinds of Operation Modes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.611.
Full textAbstract:
Parameters of passive filter (PF) group are usually designed according to single operating mode, in general the maximum operation mode. When power system is being operated in other operation mode, it is impossible to meet the requirement of power system in reactive power compensation and harmonic elimination simultaneously when whichever filter group is out of service. For this reason, based on three kinds of typical operation mode, namely the maximum, average and minimum mode, the optimization design of PF group is performed and reasonable parameters are determined to achieve the optimal matching between harmonic elimination and reactive power compensation by the lowest investment cost. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulation results.
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Lingaswamy, K., T. Anil Kumar, G. Hari Krishna, and N. Shiva Prasad. "UPFC based transmission line power load flow control under different operating methods." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.1 (December 21, 2017): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.1.9850.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper the methods to control operation of shunt and series inverters using power flow controller (UPFC) is analyzed with real power flow in power system transmission line. These operation mode using UPFC are executed to reduce Swaying in the control framework transport. The execution about every system may be resolved toward the predefined administrative control. Those arrangement What's more shunt converter working under four separate blending from claiming working modes may be used to ponder An example force framework organize. The line flow in MW oscillation damping is predicated with various modes of operations and verified same with MATLAB/ SIMULINK.