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1
Baxter, Lynne. "Power relations in organisations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629936.
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This thesis is about power and technology in organisations. It begins with a review of the literature on technology and technical change, and the author argues that most writers project a simplistic view of power in their texts. This leads them to assume that managers in organisations can use technology to further their own sectional interests. Managers can influence how the technology is developed, and operate it in a way which furthers their own objectives. The author reviews previous work on power, and concludes by asserting that the way power operates in organisations would undermine the assumptions held by writers on technical change. However, the theoreticians in the power literature hold that there is a very close association with power and knowledge, and that technology is a useful bond in this association. The author decided that the best way to study these ideas empirically was to carry out a grounded study of a change in technology in an organisation. The centrepiece of the work is a qualitative case study of British Rail. The organisation decided to implement local area networks, and the first piece of software on this system was designed to facilitate the entry of payroll information. The author spent a year interviewing a wide range of people connected with the change. The material obtained is described in some depth. Grounded theorising techniques were used to analyse the material. The author found that existing theory could not explain certain aspects of her data. For example, the way power operated in the organisation was very different to how the theory would predict. The technology was new in itself and new to the organisation. This meant that no one grouping had full knowledge of it. Managers from the part of the organisation which sponsored the project did not want to know about errors in the technology or organisational problems with the implementation. A feature which emerged was that managers in higher status parts of the organisation said that they could not interfere with lower status units. Local sites trying to operate the technology eventually devised local solutions to problems. As a result of these and other findings, the author concludes that technology is not a simple device to increase management power, but can lower it. Powerlessness can be used as a strategic device to get other people to do what they would not otherwise. In organisations not knowing something can be a sign of power.
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Cho, Sooyoung. "The power of public relations." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3204594.
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Lozano, Victor W. "Power relations of the waterscape /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418046.
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Ibishukcu, Ozlem, and Aniket Datar. "Maintaining Power Relations in Supply Chain." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30335.
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Managing supply chain relations has evolved over a decade and many companies have given importance to regulate their relations in supply chain relations to stay competitive in the market. In this context of adjusting relations among supply chain members, central point of discussion is the role of power. Power can be a component that persuades one member of supply chain to do certain things that he/she wouldn’t agree on doing it voluntarily. The implication of that power among supply chain members is called as power relations. These power relations between the supply chain members need to be sustained under circumstances of whether the power is balanced or not balanced between the two actors. The key research questions are formulated as followed, What is the perspective of the supply chain members regarding to the role of power relations among supply chain actors? How do the cost, transparency, reliability and flexibility help to sustain the power relations in supply chain? In order to answer these questions, structured literature review was conducted. The conceptual model to sustain the supply chain relations included four main components that were cost, transparency, reliability and flexibility. Interviews were conducted in three companies located in Sweden, Turkey and India. The company profiles regarding to power relations in this dyadic relationship were the main concern. The three cases tested were supplier dominancy, mutual dependency and subordinate buyer. In this thesis, we accomplished how supply chain members sustained their relations under the influence of power practices among supply chain members. We concluded our thesis study, showing the inter-connection in between these four elements to enable the sustainability of power relations. Moreover, we inferred that even though power seems to be a negative concept, the companies are able to maintain their power relations through awareness of existing power. In addition to that, the companies don’t give equal importance to each four elements though each element is present to maintain the power relations in their dyadic supply chain relationship.
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Henderson, Joyce Margaret. "Power relations within the homework process." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/140.
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This research focuses on aspects of parental involvement in homework and the differing power relations which homework uncovered within the family. It is concerned with the deeper implications of homework through exploring the attitudes, behaviours and beliefs of teachers and/or parents and/or pupils and to consider who really is in control of the homework process, the perceived and actual roles of the participants, the resistances to homework and the possible changing social factors which impinge on homework. This thesis offers a unique contribution to the homework discourses as it uses a qualitative approach, drawing on an extended version of the French and Raven (1959) conceptualisation of power as a means of interrogating the data, by labelling certain attitudes, behaviours and beliefs, to seek explanations of the patterns of power. These patterns of power are exposed through the family’s story of their engagement, or not, in the homework process. The notion of engaging pupils in the learning process is at the heart of many of the recent educational initiatives, arising from the National debate on Education (2002). At the heart of these new initiatives is the notion of learners being actively involved in the learning process, in and out of the classroom to encourage them to take responsibility for their learning. A number of implications for pupils, parents, teachers and the government are considered. These particularly relate to the effective practices of teachers and parents as a means of preventing the pupils from controlling the homework process and to the government to consider appropriate and effective means of ensuring that all concerned are engaged in conducting homework which is interesting, stimulating and motivating.
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Symkovych, Anton. "Power relations in a Ukrainian prison." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609920.
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Smith, Clyde Franklin. "Power relations in the dance classroom /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488202678774862.
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Sirait, George Martin. "Employment Relations in Indonesia’s Retail Sector: Institutions, Power Relations and Outcomes." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12345.
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This thesis examines employment relations in Indonesia’s retail sector. Drawing on the disciplines of Political Economy, Economic Geography and Industrial Relations, it investigates the relationship between global retail and home and host country institutions in order to identify the factors responsible for the converging and diverging patterns in employment outcomes. The thesis develops an actor-centred institutionalist approach, which extends the utility of embeddedness theory by taking into account the impact of contestation between trade unions and corporate actors in multiple institutional arenas on firm-level industrial relations and employment outcomes. Using in-depth comparative case study methods, this approach is applied to a European retailer, an Asian transnational retailer and a prominent domestic retailer in the food industry. The thesis demonstrates that country-of-origin effect has little influence on firm-level employment relations in the Indonesian retail sector. Rather, similarities in the organization of work, skill formation and baseline remuneration in the three retailers are a consequence of product market pressure and regulatory and institutional constraints, while differences in job security and the distribution of wages and benefits stem from organized labour’s differential capacity to challenge the prerogative of management in each firm. As these findings suggest, while embeddedness theory provides useful insights into the behaviour and strategy of transnational retailers, its utility is greatly enhanced when it is combined with an actor-centred institutionalist approach that acknowledges the power relations between industrial relations actors in different institutional domains and the potential impact of contestation across those domains on firm-level employment outcomes.
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Nowosad, Orest J. W. "Weak power-great power relationships : Sino-Khmer Rouge relations 1975-1989." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110791.
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With the Khmer Rouge gaining control of Cambodia in 1975,
the further development of a relationship between a weak and
a strong power was to be seen.l The People's Republic of
China (PRC) would become associated with a regime which
would prove to be one of the most brutal and inhumane of the
modern age.
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Horton, Paul. "School Bullying and Power Relations in Vietnam." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70540.
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Taking seriously the oft-made claim that power relations are central to school bullying, the dissertation focuses specifically on the interconnectedness of school bullying and power relations within the specific context of Vietnamese lower secondary schooling. The dissertation is based on extended ethnographic fieldwork in two lower secondary schools in the north-eastern Vietnamese port city of Haiphong. Drawing on participant observations, group and individual interviews with students and teachers, and questionnaire data, the dissertation questions the hitherto dominant understanding of bullying as proactively aggressive actions and instead shifts the focus away from individual behaviour and actions towards a more in-depth consideration of power relations and the role bullying plays within the institutional context of schooling. Rather than understanding power as something which is held by some individuals who abuse their power when bullying others, the dissertation adopts a Foucauldian approach to power, wherein power is not held but is rather exercised in strategic situations. In doing so, the dissertation illustrates how schools provide not only the setting for school bullying but also the disciplinary framework within which school bullying gains currency.Mot bakgrund av det etablerade påståendet att maktrelationer har en central betydelse i skolmobbning fokuserar denna avhandling sambandet mellan skolmobbning och maktrelationer inom den Vietnamesiska grundskolan. Avhandlingen är baserad på omfattande etnografiska fältstudier i två grundskolor i den nordöstra Vietnamesiska hamnstaden Haiphong. Fältstudierna består av deltagande observationer, enkätdata, gruppintervjuer och individuella intervjuer med elever och lärare. Avhandlingen ifrågasätter den hittills dominerande förståelsen av mobbning som avsiktligt aggressiva handlingar och skiftar fokus bort från det individuella till ett mer djupgående betraktande av maktrelationer och den roll mobbning spelar inom det institutionella skolsammanhanget. Istället för att förstå makt som något som vissa individer innehar och som de genom mobbning missbrukar, antar avhandlingen ett foucaldianskt perspektiv där makt förstås som något som utövas i strategiska situationer. På så sätt illustrerar avhandlingen hur skolor inte bara tillhandahåller miljön för skolmobbning utan också den disciplinära ram inom vilken skolmobbning ges mening.
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Callaghan, Helen M. "Birth dirt: relations of power in childbirth." University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/400.
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This thesis presents the findings of a doctoral study which analysed video tapes of labouring Australian women at the end of the 20th century, historical data from midwifery and medical textbooks, consumer material, and personal experience as a midwifery student in 1970- 1971. The data analysis was achieved using discourse analysis, but was influenced by Michel Foucault together with anthropological and sociological approaches, particularly as these can be applied to visual material. ‘Dirt’ is a commonly accepted term, but it becomes difficult to define as it is so dependant on the context. Since the discovery of the germ theory in the 19th century, however, it is difficult for western health professionals to conceive of dirt as being anything but unaesthetic, unhygienic and pathogenic. When analysing the data from this study, it became evident that birth and dirt have a close association. The changes that have occurred in childbirth have revolved around who and what is perceived as clean, and who and what is perceived as dirty. This thesis argues that ‘birth dirt’ exists, but, its form will vary depending on the time, the place, and the culture, although it is always centred around the physical reality of birth. Video tapes of the birthing process indicate that midwives, in their ritualised behaviours of containing, controlling and cleaning up the ‘dirt’ associated with birth, create a barrier between themselves and the women. ‘Dirt’ in this instance is the ‘contaminating’ body fluids and substances derived from the woman and her baby. The dirt relationship is a power relationship and the midwife is an essential part of its structure. The midwife is the dirty worker who maintains the cleanliness of the environment and controls the ‘dirt’ during birth. There is considerable rhetoric about midwives as being ‘with woman’, but the reality is that the midwives are more often ‘with dirt’.
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Rose, Howard John. "Social power, employment relations and organisational control." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336072.
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Silva, Jefferson Luiz. "Ideology and power relations in online newspapers." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93959.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras/Ingles e Literatura Correspondente, Florianópolis, 2011Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T05:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 290412.pdf: 591588 bytes, checksum: 727580a162173d228730e13cd4be1b7a (MD5)
A mídia, incluindo jornais online, carrega ideologias, muitas vezes implicitamente. Partindo de uma perspectiva da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), todo discurso é político e assim permeado por ideologias. A presente pesquisa aplica a ACD, conforme proposta por Fairclough (1995), por meio de uma Análise Sistêmica Funcional (Halliday e Matthiessen, 2004) de manchetes e leads online de dois jornais britânicos bem conhecidos. Considerando discurso uma prática social, a pesquisa mostra que a transitividade utilizada apresenta geralmente processos materiais, como forma de promover mudanças, mas que outras escolhas linguísticas, como a representação dos atores sociais, por exemplo, contribuem para criar posicionamentos diferenciados por parte do público leitor, expondo uma dimensão ideológica.
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Faloppa, Angela <1987>. "Petronumbers: oil statistics and changing power relations." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3443.
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The dissertation analyses how, from an historical perspective, oil reserves estimates, production levels, and oil prices were shaped by changing power relations and different political objectives, at the same time casting a significant influence on the actors involved. In particular, the attempt will be to highlight that numbers undoubtedly have a power of their own, but at the same time, and particularly in the case of oil, it is the evolution of the concepts on which the numbers are grounded that, by mirroring existing political and economic interests, provides the necessary key to the interpretation of the relevant historical data
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Tockman, Jason. "Instituting power : power relations, institutional hybridity, and indigenous self-governance in Bolivia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50912.
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Scholars have long observed that institutions and power relations are cyclically constitutive, as institutions shape a given polity’s power relations, and the latter influence the design of institutions. This dissertation unveils how indigenous agents interact with each other, and with the state’s bureaucrats and consultants to create divergent institutional trajectories in a new institutional environment: the construction of 11 pilot institutions of indigenous self-governance in Bolivia, as provided by the 2009 Constitution. The combinations of institutional forms have most significantly been shaped by local relations of power among differently identifying indigenous agents, and by the state-determined socio-territorial boundaries that are the site of institutional construction. Each new “indigenous autonomy” combines liberal and indigenous norms, constituting a hybrid model of indigenous autonomy. Within that model we can discern a bifurcation in which some institutions are more liberal and others are more communitarian.
These observations contribute to our understanding of democracy and citizenship in contemporary Latin America as states respond to popular pressures for more rights and inclusion, in what many have called “left turns.” In terms of democracy, this study illustrates how electoral representation is complemented by communitarian democratic forms in ways that enhance Bolivia’s historically exclusionary democracy, yet how elaboration of communitarian democracy is also constrained by the party-based system of representation. Meanwhile, the Constitution’s expansion of rights has contributed to what some observers have called “post- liberal” citizenship. This investigation indicates that state-society relations in Bolivia are not well-characterized as populist, liberal or corporatist; rather, they are concomitantly plural, cyclical and reactive – which I conceive of as interest intermediation by “contentious bargaining.”
The contradictions in the construction of these “indigenous autonomies” are a consequence the changing character of the ruling party. As the Movement toward Socialism and its leader, Evo Morales, have shifted from an oppositional force to elected government, they have contended with a complex correlation of social forces and pursued a development program of resource nationalism that responds to widespread calls for economic growth and poverty reduction. In Bolivia’s contentious context, the state’s disposition with regard to indigenous self- governance has been contradictory, simultaneously enabling and constraining indigenous rights.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Whycer, Mavis. "Power, discourse and privilege : power relations in the field of child protection." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1995. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13439/.
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The aim of this project is to consider Michel Foucault's concept of disciplinary power and his idea of knowledge-power in a specific site of power relations. The site selected, the field of child protection, affords a study of various forms of power operating at different levels and within different institutionalised contexts, against a contemporary background of cultural change and discontinuities. The discourses and discursive practices of privileged agents in the human sciences, and the privileging effects of institutionalised rules,are analysed and discussed. It is argued that the market-driven discourse of resource management is privileged over the discourses of the human sciences; that the privileged knowledge/truths of the human sciences are increasingly being challenged and opposed, through the ubiquitous discourses of the media, by organized alliances of subjects, and by a population generally less compliant than in previous generations; and that the exercise of disciplinary power by expert agents is being increasingly regulated by the State through the privileged rules of the law. The conclusion reached is that privilege and resources are significant factors in power relations and that specialised knowledge is only one of a range of privileging resources that are always in play in a complex field of force relations. The methodology used draws on research into theories of power, on analyses of power relations and discursive practices, and case studies. It incorporates theory with an experiential perspective derived from 18 years employment in local authority social work and management. The discourses and discursive practices of social work intersect with theoretical discourses; and first-person narratives from the author's work experience are used as illustrations. In chapter 1, Foucault's theories of discourse, disciplinary power and knowledge-power are introduced and critically reviewed. Theories of organizational power and the notion of agency are considered in chapter 2. Chapter 3 reviews Foucault's idea of bio-power, the historical intervention of the State and its agents in the family, and the changing concept of childhood. Changes in the family, and professional, legal and managerial discourses intersecting in the field of child protection, are discussed in chapter 4. A case study is used in chapter 5 to illustrate and analyse power operating in the field of child protection in 1987, prior to the Children Act 1989. The privileging effects of specialised knowledge and other factors affecting power relations are identified. In chapter 6, sections of the text of the Children Act 1989 are analysed to identify the ways in which the discourse of the law now seeks to address the power imbalances between parents, children and the professional agents. The ambiguities of its language and the way it privileges the agents with the right to exercise discretion in their practices are discussed. The power of the agents, the politics of child protection, and media power are considered in chapter 7. The discourses of social work and its historical development as part of the state apparatus of discipline and control are discussed in chapter 8. A case study is used to illustrate power relations among social workers and other professional agents in the field of child protection, and to identify key privileging factors in the operation of power, among them the organizational mechanisms and statutory instruments that empower the agents. Chapter 9 summarises the main points in the preceding chapters and discusses the ways in which privileged knowledge-power is regulated and increasingly resisted in contemporary society.
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Safranoff, Yankillevich Ana. "Analysing gender power relations through intermarriage in Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286737.
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Esta tesis analiza la interacción entre las desigualdades de género y la inmigración mediante el
estudio de las diferencias de género en los matrimonios mixtos en España. La pregunta de
investigación principal de la tesis es por qué las mujeres inmigrantes se casan con hombres
españoles en mayor número que los hombres inmigrantes. Los resultados muestran que las
teorías clásicas que se han utilizado para explicar los matrimonios mixtos y, más
específicamente, las diferencias de género en dichos matrimonios, sólo pueden explicar de
forma limitada este fenómeno. A diferencia del caso de los hombres inmigrantes en el pasado,
en la España contemporánea la mayor propensión de las mujeres inmigrantes a casarse con
hombres españoles no puede considerarse como un indicador de un mayor nivel de integración
en la sociedad de acogida sino, más bien, como un signo de una forma diferente de integración.
De hecho, los resultados sugieren que, en gran parte, las mujeres inmigrantes se casan con más
frecuencia que los hombres debido a que son más atractivas para un tipo de hombre español con
un perfil cultural tradicional que concibe el rol de la mujer como subordinado al del hombre.This dissertation seeks to expand and refine our understanding of the interaction between immigrant and gender inequalities. This objective is achieved by analysing gender differences in intermarriage in Spain. The main research question of this thesis is why immigrant women intermarry with Spanish natives in larger numbers than immigrant meno The results of the dissertation show that the classical theories that have been used to explain intermarriage and, more specifically, gender differences in intermarriage, can only Iimitedly explain women's surplus in intermarriage in Spain. Differently from the case of immigrant men in the past, immigrant women 's higher propensity to intermarry in contemporary Spain cannot be simplistically considered an indicator oftheir higher levels of integration in the host society, but rather a sign of a different form of integration. In fact, the results suggest that immigrant women intermarry more often than men largely because they are more attractive to a type of Spanish native man with a traditional cultural profile that considers women's role to be subordinated to men.
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Redwood, Morag E. "Rurality, social relations of power and social cohesion." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726778.
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Cheng, Jessica A. "Chinese Soft Power: Implications on US-China Relations." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/362.
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This senior thesis is an exploration of Chinese soft power and the implications on the future of US-China relations. The first chapter looks into the objectives/goals to attain by using soft power set by the Chinese government followed by the exploration of methods that the Chinese have used to further their goals. The second chapter takes a look at the implicit and explicit successes of soft power in the peripheral regions of China and neighboring countries. The third chapter explores the negative and positive results that have come from China's soft power efforts. And the final chapter covers the fluctuation in American soft power and the effect China's soft power will have on global stability. The paper concludes with policy suggestions for the United States if it wants to protect national interests against China's soft power in the future.
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Lindberg, Curt. "Leading volunteers : power relations and values in organizations." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14361.
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This thesis sheds new l.ight on internal dynamics of nonprofit associations - nonprofit organizations reliant on significant volunteer participation. It represents one ofthe first research efforts to deal with power relations and the paradoxical, conflictual nature of values in the context of leading volunteers in nonprofit associations. This thesis mounts a significant challenge to the widely accepted nonprofit management literature which is firmly grounded in the systems thinking tradition and which contends values serve only positive purposes and leaders must ensure there is little contention over values. While this research affirms the benefits of values in attracting volunteers and enabling coordinated action among volunteers, it also argues strongly that such a single- minded focus is a severe handicap to organizations interested in change and adaptation. This is because conflict and difference are essential in the change process. Another limitation of the orthodox literature is the portrayal ofa leader's power position relative to volunteers as one of significant dependency. This research concludes that the relationship is characterized by significant interdependency. Such a conclusion is based on the tendency for volunteers to imagine an ideal future achieved by joining in mutual action with others. Because volunteers need support and participation by leaders in the realization of this better future, a dependency is 'created. This different way of understanding values and power opens up a broader role for nonprofit executives. Not only must they work with volunteers to enable the productive dimensions ofvalues to be realized, but they must work with the paradoxical nature of values and the inevitable conflicts and anxiety which emerge. By paying attention to daily patterns ofinteraction, resisting tendencies to deny or deflect conflicts, noticing how one participates in conversations and whether the results are repetitive or free-flowing and creative, nonprqfit association leaders can help create more adaptable and c~angeable organizations. These findings were informed by an intensive examination ofmy experiences as a leader in a nonprofit association and ofcomplex responsive processes theory of Stacey and colleagues, comple~ity science, and the scholarship of sociologist Norbert Elias. They emerged from a series ofnarratives about my experiences, serious reflections on these narratives within the doctoral program community, and study of literature suggested by themes that arose in the course of the research.
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劉文松 and Wensong Liu. "Saul Bellow's fiction: power relations and female representation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576775.
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Napolitano, Michael J. "Power relations and dominance hierarchy correlations in primates." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1463.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Sciences
Anthropology
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Skelton, Tracey Lynn. "Women, men and power : gender relations in Montserrat." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/297.
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This thesis draws on and informs feminist theory and Caribbean studies and is concerned with investigating the particular form of gender relations in Montserrat. Gender relations are conceptualised as power relations between men and women. This argument is derived from an exploration of the possibilities and limitations of a range of feminist literature: marxist feminism, socialist feminism, women's studies, feminist geography, radical feminism and the studies of women and development. The gender relations in Montserrat are explored in four areas of social organisation: the household, the workplace, union patterns and heterosexual behaviour. They are seen as universal features of women's lives and, potentially, the main sites of gender relations. Montserratian gender relations were found to be patriarchal, but varied in strength within the four social areas. The household per se was not a site of patriarchal gender relations unless shared with a male partner. The workplace did not exhibit patriarchal gender relations. Gender relations in marriage and cohabiting unions were strongly patriarchal; those in visiting unions were either egalitarian or weakly patriarchal. Heterosexual behaviour, involving sexuality and biological reproduction, was identified as the main site of the maintenance and reproduction of patriarchal gender relations in Montserrat. Montserratian gender relations are shown to be broadly similar to those of the Caribbean generally; but there are exceptions. Very low levels of marriage and cohabitation mean that household gender relations are less patriarchal than in other islands. In comparison with other Caribbean islands, where MNCs, law wages, strict gender segregation and a lack of employment legislation prevail, Montserratian women experience higher wages, job security and greater employment opportunities. The Montserratian workplace, therefore, cannot be seen as a site of patriarchal gender relations. However, as is commonplace throughout the Caribbean, union patterns, specifically marriage and cohabitation, and heterosexual behaviour are sites of patriarchal gender relations.
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Liu, Wensong. "Saul Bellow's fiction : power relations and female representation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576775.
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Boie, Hannah. "Civilian power an analysis of Euro-Mediterrranean relations." Berlin Münster Lit, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000131394/04.
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Souza, Vilmar Ferreira de. "Power relations in Padre Cícero's epistolary political discourse." Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95058.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura CorrespondenteMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T20:09:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 299821.pdf: 1348939 bytes, checksum: b9f9a6a82914a2020f00e8f7481a9152 (MD5)
The "Phenomenon of Juazeiro" has fascinated the academic world as Braga (2008) in anthropology, Araujo (2007) in economics, and della Cava (1970) in history attest. Nevertheless, research from a linguistic and discourse perspective has lagged far behind. To tap this gap, the present work looks at Padre Cícero's epistolary political discourse on the fight for Juazeiro's independence from Crato, by drawing on concepts and categories from systemic-functional grammar (SFG) and critical discourse analysis (CDA) with a view to analyzing power relations among the social actors involved in the fight. From SFG, I utilized the systems of transitivity, speech function, mood, and modality for the descriptive and interpretative stages of analysis; from CDA, I borrowed the concepts of ideology (Fairclough, 1989, 2003) and hegemony (Gramsci, 1971, Fairclough, 2003, Laclau & Mouffe, 1985). Five research questions were posed: The first looks at how Padre Cícero represents himself and the other political actors of the social practice of fighting for Juazeiro's independence. The second asks how he construes, for himself and for the other social actors, their social roles. The third and the fourth questions inquire how the concepts of ideology and hegemony assist in the explanatory analytical stage. The last one looks at the kinds of power relations originated from the previous analyses. To answer the research questions, I analyzed four letters written by Padre Cícero in 1910 and published in O Rebate, with my access to them having been through Guimarães and Dumoulin (1983). The first two ones were addressed to the Governor of Ceará Col. Nogueira Accioly (L1 & L2), and the latter two, to the Mayor of Crato Col. Antônio Luís (L3 & L4). The letters were broken down into clauses, which were analyzed in relation to the categories of transitivity, speech function, mood, and modality. The transitivity results showed that two macro-figures emerged from the data, the first being of Padre Cícero as a powerful political actor as realized by his taking up prominent transitivity roles such as Actor in material processes, for instance, and the second being of him as a conciliatory political player as realized by, for example, his use of relational processes for the purpose of representing his relationship with Col. Antônio Luís as friendly. These macro-figures were reinforced by the results generated from the speech function, mood, and modality analyses. Padre Cícero construes his social role as a powerful politician by engendering his political world as a place of little space for uncertainty by using little modality. Parallel to this, his image of a conciliatory political player emerges as he struggles to reinforce his friendship with the Mayor of Crato and to show a disposition to help with the independence project on many occasions. Additionally, he construes Col. Antônio Luís's social role as equally powerful as the transitivity analysis of L3 and L4 shows. As for Col. Nogueira Accioly and Juazeiro and/or its people, Padre Cícero maintains the same passive pattern that characterized them throughout the analyses. The data were then analyzed for the concepts of ideology and hegemony, giving rise to three hegemonic lines and to three power relations. Next, the limitations of the present study were discussed, which were followed by suggestions for future research. Finally, two pedagogical implications were discussed, and the presentation of a sketchy model for analyzing political discourse proper was put forward
O "Fenômeno de Juazeiro" tem fascinado o mundo acadêmico,como atestam Braga (2008) na antropologia, Araujo (2007) naeconomia e della Cava (1970) na história. Entretanto, a pesquisado ponto de vista linguístico e discursivo não acompanhou asoutras áreas. Para explorar essa lacuna, o presente trabalhoanalisa o discurso político epistolar de Padre Cícero produzido durante a luta de Juazeiro por sua independência em relação a Crato. Vale-se de conceitos e categorias da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (GSF) e da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), com vista a analisar as relações de poder entre os atores sociais envolvidos na luta. Da GSF, utilizei os sistemas de transitividade, função discursiva, modo e modalidade nas fases descritiva e interpretativa da análise; da ACD, apropriei-me dos conceitos de ideologia (Fairclough, 1989, 2003) e de hegemonia (Gramsci, 1971, Fairclough , 2003, Laclau & Mouffe, 1985). Cinco perguntas de pesquisa foram feitas. A primeira interroga sobre como Padre Cícero representa a si mesmo e aos outros atores sociais da prática social de lutar pela independência de Juazeiro. A segunda indaga como ele constrói, para si e para os outros atores, seus papéis sociais. A terceira e quarta inquirem como os conceitos de ideologia e de hegemonia ajudam na fase explicativa da análise. A última questão aborda os tipos de relações de poder que emergiram das análises anteriores. Para responder as perguntas, analisei quatro cartas, coletadas em Guimarães e Dumoulin (1983), escritas por Padre Cícero em 1910 e publicadas em O Rebate. As duas primeiras foram endereçadas ao Governador do Ceará, Cel. Nogueira Accioly (L1 e L2); e as outras duas, ao Prefeito de Crato, Cel. Antônio Luís (L3 e L4). As cartas foram segmentadas em orações, que foram analisadas em relação às categorias de transitividade, função discursiva, modo e modalidade. Os resultados de transitividade mostraram que duas macro-figuras surgiram a partir dos dados. A primeira é a do Padre Cícero como um ator político poderoso, evidenciada por papéis relevantes de transitividade, tais como Ator em processos materiais, por exemplo. A segunda mostra-o como um político conciliador, o que é percebido, por exemplo, no uso que ele faz de processos relacionais com a finalidade de forjar uma relação amigável com o Cel. Antônio Luís. Essas macrofiguras foram reforçadas pelos resultados oriundos da análise da função discursiva, do modo e da modalidade. Padre Cícero, ao usar pouca modalidade, interpreta seu papel social como um político poderoso, construindo seu mundo político como um lugar com pouco espaço para incertezas. Paralelamente a isso, sua imagem de político conciliador emerge quando ele se empenha para reforçar sua amizade com o Prefeito do Crato e mostrar disposição, em muitas ocasiões, para ajudar com o projeto de independência. Além disso, ele representa o Cel. Antônio Luís como igualmente podero, tal como evidenciado pela análise de transitividade de L3 e L4. Quanto ao Cel. Nogueira Accioly e a Juazeiro e/ou ao seu povo, Padre Cícero mantém o mesmo padrão passivo que os caracterizou ao longo das análises. Esses resultados foram confrontados com os conceitos de ideologia e hegemonia. Como resultado, o confronto mostrou a existência de três linhas hegemônicas e três relações de poder. Em seguida, as limitações do presente estudo foram analisadas e foram dadas sugestões para futuras pesquisas. Finalmente, duas implicações pedagógicas foram discutidas e um modelo esquemático para a análise do discurso político propriamente dito foi apresentado
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Piasecka-Till, Aleksandra. "Power and gender relations in brazilian television interviews." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1994. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/157859.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e ExpressãoMade available in DSpace on 2016-01-08T18:50:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 95699.pdf: 33951188 bytes, checksum: 02b8c26abd7ebe241ca53d7982351fc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994
Com o propósito de detectar e expor as relações desiguais de poder causadas pela discriminação sexista, investigo dez entrevistas da televisão brasileira. As entrevistas pertencem a dois programas populares "Cara a Cara" e "Jô Soares Onze e Meia", foram vídeo gravadas, e depois gravadas em fitas cassetes. Para a análise lingüística dos dados obtidos através de transcrição, foi usada a abordagem do Estudo Crítico da Linguagem (Fairclough 1989 e 1992), que leva em conta as características textuais junto com elementos contextuais. Foram analisadas as formas de tratamento usadas por mulheres e homens, assim como as escolhas de termos feitas por mulheres e homens para classificar uns aos outros. Os tópicos desenvolvidos nas entrevistas também foram investigados. Os resultados do estudo confirmam que no Brasil, uma sociedade de classe capitalista, o discurso da televisão diferenciando as mulheres lingüisticamente reproduz as relações de dominação existentes. Adicionalmente, foi mostrado que modelo de análise de Fariclough, originalmente elaborado para o inglês, se aplica ao português.
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Treasure, Karen. "The power of empowerment : recognising power relations within 'development' for communities in Zambia." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1144.
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Empowerment has emerged as a key focus of development policy and practices in the contemporary era, where simultaneously a need for 'development' is ascribed due to historically determined power relations imposed through discourse and intervention. This research enquires into the contradiction inherent in assuming an intemational agenda to empower those who are continually disempowered. Through analysis of a series of case studies of development projects in Zambia, this research argues that the potential of the empowerment agenda is inherently limited by the ongoing structural conditions of development. In the cases studied, community members successfiilly achieve a form of 'subjective empowerment' which enables them to assume a more powerful role within the boundaries of action determined by their possible frameworks of opportunity. But these forms of power do not hold the potential to create communities which are relatively more powerful on the global stage. Progression to a form of 'objective empowerment' is constrained by the boundaries to power which are imposed through historically set and continually recreated power relations within the global political economy.
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Byers, Michael. "Custom, power and the power of rules international relations and customary international law /." Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1999. http://www.ebrary.com/.
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Ricketts, Jennifer J., and jricket@sion melb catholic edu au. "Adolescents and power: understandings of power, and deconstruction of negative peer interactions." Swinburne University of Technology. School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, 2003. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20041217.122437.
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Contemporary researchers typically classify negative peer interactions as bullying or conflict. Theoretically, bullying involves exploiting a power imbalance to demobilize a peer(s), and conflict involves using power tactics to exert influence or resolve a dispute. This study attempted to explore the exercise of power between adolescent peers within psychological, social psychological and feminist psychological frameworks of power, and bullying and conflict constructions. Three hundred and fifty-two Melbourne students from Years 7 to 10 completed a �Young People�s School Relationships� survey. Students described their understandings of personal and interpersonal power, and rated their perceived power. The experimenter asked the students to differentiate three recent difficult incidents with peers according to perceived power disadvantage (less power), balance (same power) and advantage (more power). They described the difficulties, their responses and their perceptions of the power balance. Outcomes were rated on affect, relationship quality and overall evaluation. Power construction, gender, and year group differences on perceived personal power were examined. Scenario type (less, same, more power), gender, year group (7/8, 9/10), and relationship closeness (not friends, friends) differences on difficulties, responses and outcomes were evaluated. The power constructions formed three themes (�power-within�, �power-with�, �power-over�). Difficulties were subgrouped into three forms (two-way, one-way, other-way) and three types (physical, verbal, social). Responses were categorised into adapting, distancing, dominating and engaging. There was no support for Falbo and Peplau�s (1980) two-dimensional model for classifying types of interpersonal responses in power-differentiated situations. Power was constructed most frequently as �power-within�. Perceived power ratings formed a Global Power Score (GPS), with males reporting higher GPSs. Males and year group 7/8 reported more physical difficulties in the �same� power, and females and year group 7/8 more social difficulties in the �less� and �more� power scenarios. Students reported more adapting responses in the difficult interpersonal situations. Adapting and distancing responses were more frequent in the less power scenario, and dominating and engaging more frequent in the more and less power scenarios respectively. Affect and relationship status outcomes were rated more positively in same power scenario. Outcomes were more positive for difficulties with friends. Students rated their responses more positively when they used engaging strategies, but less positively when they used distancing or dominating. Power theories provided partial explanations for the findings and alternative frameworks to bullying and conflict for understanding negative peer interactions. This study extends on knowledge of adolescents� school-based relationships and proposes a power model for schools
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Scribner, Druscilla L. "Limiting presidential power : supreme court-executive relations in Argentina and Chile /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3129950.
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Kuadnok, Kuanhathai. "Pedagogies and power relations in Thai English foreign language writing classrooms : a critical ethnography." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106915/1/Kuanhathai_Kuadnok_Thesis.pdf.
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Using critical applied linguistics, and drawing on the concept of power as theorised by Foucault, this study examines issues of power and pedagogical practices that influenced the teaching of writing to Thai English Foreign Language (EFL) primary students. Carspecken’s critical ethnographic approach was adopted to gather data. The research yielded findings concerning power relations that operated in the enactment of EFL pedagogies for teaching writing in Thai schools. The research has theoretical significance for understanding EFL writing education in Thailand in the context of the international spread of English in the twenty-first century.
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Sarra, Nicholas John. "Organisational development and power relations in an NHS trust." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421261.
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Lo, Chi-hung Terence Patrick, and 盧志鴻. "Pragmalinguistics: an analysis of power relations in speech acts." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949575.
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Krueger, Jennifer K. "Perceived power in association with perceived interpersonal relations behavior." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998kruegerje.pdf.
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Darbellay, Alina Maria Anna. "Rural-urban interactions in North Chuquisaca, Bolivia : flow of goods, relational exchange and power relations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294182.
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Vyas, Utpal. "Soft power in international relations : Japan's state, sub-state and non-state relations with China." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10305/.
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The term `soft power', coined by Joseph Nye in his 1990 Foreign Policy article of the same title, has been cited by academics, politicians and the mass media with varying degrees of confusion and hype. To some the term has meant the influence of Hollywood film culture around the world; to others, it refers to the economic power exerted by Western countries. In most cases, soft power has been associated with nation states and their national interests. However, for many people, the term is a vague concept with no real meaning. In order to develop a more precise view of soft power, this thesis begins with an examination of how power has been conceived of in international relations, by reviewing the main historical schools of thought in the field, i. e. the Realist, Liberalist, Critical and Constructivist schools. It then goes on to propose a theory of soft power based upon Constructivist ideas. To test the application of this conceptualisation of soft power, this study addresses the case of Japan's post-war relations with China, utilising analyses of three agents of Japan's soft power. Firstly, at the state level, the activities of the Japan Foundation in China are investigated. Secondly, at the sub-state level, Kobe City's sister city relationship with Tianjin City, and its relations with other cities in China, are considered. Finally, at the non-governmental level, the activities of the Japan-China Friendship Association are examined. Through an analysis of soft power at the state, sub-state and non-state levels, this thesis aims to provide a deeper understanding of soft power, and Japan's international relations as an example of its application.
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Marshall, Helen. "Australian foreign policy and Cambodia : international power, regionalism and domestic politics." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/112135.
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The Hawke Labor government came to power in March 1983 committed to playing a more active
role in finding a solution to the Cambodian conflict, improving bilateral relations with Vietnam
and restoring Australian aid. This signalled a departure from the Fraser government's
minimal involvement in the issue, and reflected a closer identification of Australia's interests
with the Asia-Pacific region. As Foreign Minister, Bill Hayden, explained:
The war in Cambodia, in all its many dimensions, is the greatest unresolved source of
tension in Southeast Asia...The future of Australia lies in developing a mature and
balanced set of relationships with its neighbours in Southeast Asia. Indochina is part of that neighbourhood.
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Bayer, Bastian. "The Role of Human Rights in EU-Belarus Relations." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-329937.
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It has been proven that the burgeoning power of the EU is not negligible. However, it is still debatable whether the EU acts as a smart power in its external human rights policy. Through Joseph Nye's theory of hard, soft, and smart power, this thesis will offer a critical understanding of a wide range of factors which merits the EU's role as a smart power. The contemporary history of Belarus also illustrates that the political, economic, and cultural endeavours of the EU reveal the institution's role as a smart power. Within the theoretical framework predicated on Nye's theory on the aforementioned powers, the EU-Belarus relations will be be analysed in order to lay bare the power of the EU and to shed light on the significance of human rights in the EU policies.
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Grace, Lauri Joy, and lswan@deakin edu au. "Language, power and ruling relations in vocational education and training." Deakin University. School of Education, 2005. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060927.134645.
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This thesis uses institutional ethnography to explore the text-based regulatory framework of the Australian Vocational Education and Training (VET) sector. Training Packages are national competency standards used to assess local workplace practice. The Australian Quality Training Framework (AQTF) is a national compliance framework used to audit local learning and assessment practice. These texts operate in a symbiotic relationship to achieve a policy goal of national consistency.
The researcher explicates the social relations of VET starting from her disquiet as a practitioner. The thesis argues that Training Packages and the AQTF socially organise the content and delivery of local learning and assessment activities. VET practitioners struggle to use these texts to support good practice, and their hidden work maintains an unstable VET system. Yet the extralocal mode of ruling offers no room to challenge VET policy.
The thesis explicates three themes. Interview data is used to explore the contrast between the institutional language of Training Packages and the vernacular of workplaces in which these texts are activated. Many practitioners and participants simply do not understand Training Package competency standards. Using these texts to judge employee performance shifts the policing of workplace practice from local sites to external VET authorities.
A second theme emerges as the analysis explores why VET practitioners use this excluding language in their work with participants. Interview data reveals that local training organisations achieve different readings as they engage with ruling VET texts. Some organisations use the national texts as broad frameworks, allowing practitioners to create spaces for meaningful learning. Other organisations adopt a narrow and rule-bound reading of national texts, displacing practitioners authority over their own practice.
A third theme is explored through examination of a sequence of VET texts. The review and redevelopment of the mandatory qualifications for VET practitioners identified the language of the competency standards as a significant accessibility issue. These concerns were reshaped and subsumed in an official response that established the use of this language as a compulsory assessable requirement and a language and literacy benchmark.
The thesis presents a new understanding of VET as a regulatory framework established through multiple levels of ruling texts that connect local sites to national government agendas. While some individual practitioners are able to navigate through this system, there is an urgent need for practitioners as a profession to challenge national hegemony.
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Wong, Mei-yee, and 黃美儀. "Teacher-student power relations in primary schools in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209119.
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This qualitative case study explores power relations between teacher and students in a classroom-based teaching and learning process. Sixteen Grade Four and Five classes in four Hong Kong primary schools were studied to determine how teachers and students experience and exercise power in classrooms in the context of Hong Kong, and how that power is expressed in such varied combinations. Observations, individual interviews and document analysis were the main data collection methods employed.
The study identifies three major patterns in teacher-student power relations in 73 observed classroom lessons: Pattern I (Teacher Domination); Pattern II (Equal Opportunity for Power Sharing); and Pattern III (Student Self-Empowerment). Pattern I classrooms demonstrated student disempowerment, while Pattern II and III classrooms were characterised by teacher-initiated and student-initiated student empowerment, respectively. The study finds that, in each power pattern, teachers and students play a variety of classroom roles (teachers as rule- and textbook-enforcer, learning-facilitator and learning-assistant; students as rule- and learning-follower, learning-partner and master of learning) and adopt different power strategies (manipulation, giving-power and standing-back among teachers; compliance, cooperation, and self-governance among students).
The study also identifies six players/forces (facilitating factors) shaping teacher-student power distribution: (a) the cultural value of respect for authority and for teachers; (b) the Curriculum Reform initiative and the promotion of student-centric teaching modes; (c) school policies and cultures; (d) subject nature and curriculum contents; (e) teachers; and (f) students. Based on its findings, the study suggests viewing teacher-student power relations in the context of Hong Kong as a reflection of multileveled intertwined interactions. This interpretation implies that teacher-student classroom interactions are affected by various factors in a wider context, rather than mutual effects between teacher and students alone; each factor involved in a multileveled context (classrooms, schools, education system, and Hong Kong society) shapes teacher-student power relations. The coexistence of the three identified power patterns and the related empowering and disempowering situations is the result of the individual and collective effects of the six facilitating factors.
This empirical study supplements the understanding of teacher-student power relations in the context of Hong Kong by proposing a theoretical framework that relates to the local socio-cultural, educational and school contexts. The study suggests the need for further explorations of teacher-student power relations at other school levels in Hong Kong and in other cities in mainland China or elsewhere. Additional potential directions for future research include an exploration of the development of student empowerment inside and outside of the classroom in a purposive case school and an exploration of teacher-student power relations in specific subjects.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Thomas, Julian Stewart. "Relations of power : the Neolithic of central south-west England." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1986. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6019/.
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This thesis argues that the traditional methods of archaeological research have had the effect of forcing the British Neolithic into a mould formed by modern western values. This orthodoxy might be challenged through the use of ethnographic material concerning the structure and operation of precapitalist societies. However, it is often the case that the variability of the ethnographic record is merely used to patch up archaeological explanations of the past. A methodology is therefore proposed in which anthropological theory is used in the construction of a model of Neolithic social relations in northwest Europe, and the archaeological evidence for the study area is used to detect contrasts with this model. It is recognised that lithic assemblages, faunal remains, mortuary practices and monuments cannot of themselves be sufficient for the development of an holistic view of a prehistoric society. Instead, each class of data can be used in much the same way as an historian might use a written text: to search for distortions and contradictions between each form of data and the general model. Having developed methodology, general theory and the European model in the first three chapters, each subregion of the study area is discussed. Subsequent chapters concern southern Wessex, the Mendip and Cotswold Hills, the Upper Thames Valley and the Avebury region. It is argued that a change can be discerned in Neolithic Europe from large social units articulated about kinship and the circulation of livestock and prestige items, to smaller communities whose external relations are more temporary and opportunistic in nature. Despite this, it is shown that in the study area considerable variability exists, seen in the settlement record, economic activities, mortuary practices and the building of monuments. This variability, it is argued, can be accounted for by variation in the social relations of production between different areas, and consequently in the forms of power and authority in operation.
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Zerban, Ayman Mohamed. "Power / knowledge relations and accounting in Egypt : (a Foucauldian perspective)." Thesis, University of Essex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395949.
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Goroshko, Olena, and Svetlana Anipchenko. "Gender-power relations in the migrant workers' families in Ukraine." Thesis, University of Cyprus, 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/48964.
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This paper highlights the problem of migrant families in Ukraine and deals with the main characteristics of the Ukrainian population migration abroad. The research traces the evolution of the social institution of the family in Ukraine and analyzes how it is varied and in what way family relationships have changed under the impact of migration processes in modern Ukrainian society. Special emphasis is placed on the transformation of the role of grandmother in the modern Ukrainian family. The results obtained through the in-depth interview technique indicate that in the modern Ukrainian family the grandmother starts playing the role of mother for children in the family. She can participate in economic, political, social, recreational, cultural and other activities and spheres of family life. Thus, the grandmother becomes an active member of the family; she can also be one of the first agents of the childrens socialization. She influences them greatly and transmits certain values, traditions and customs to them. Thus the study permits us to specify more clearly the problems in the sphere of the migrant worker's families in the eastern part of the country and improve the overall employment and demographic situation in Ukraine today.
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Tauatswala, Tabudi Tarch. "Educator perceptions of power relations and discipline in rural schools." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/71654.
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This study investigates educator perceptions of power relations and discipline in rural secondary schools. Discipline is a method of modelling character in preparation of attaining a desired goal. There is a decline of discipline in schools, which makes it difficult to attain the desired goal of education. This decline in discipline makes instruction and learning difficult in some schools and impossible in others. Some educators struggle to maintain discipline in the classroom, especially after the Government banned the use of corporal punishment in schools. Educators believe that their authority over learners has been compromised, while learners enjoy teachers’ powerlessness.
This qualitative case study was guided by the following research question: “What are educator perceptions of power relationships and discipline in rural secondary schools?” Data was collected by using semi-structured interviews with five principals and ten educators from the five sampled secondary schools in Bahananwa Circuit in the rural areas of Limpopo Province.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
TM2019
Education Management and Policy Studies
MEd
Unrestricted
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Forbes, Joan Christine. "Teacher/therapist collaborations : discourses, positionings and power relations at work." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1523.
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The focus of this research is on the collaboration relationships of teachers and therapists working in school-based provision for pupils with language and communication disorders. The research is concerned with how the collaboration relationship operates as a power relation for these individuals. There is an attempt to work out something of the effects of changing notions of professionalism in its historical and current versions. The research reveals individuals' identifications with the powerful discourses in this contingent context, manifested in their metaphors and discursive moves. It analyses the complex interaction of discourses and cultural discourses/practices, attempting to grasp the effects of the powerful discourses as individuals construct and re-construct multiple professional and cultural identities and subject positions. In its examination of the political and cultural functioning of the forces of power-knowledge-selves-desire, the research analyses the operation of five dimensions of power at work in these relationships. The analysis subsequently suggests some implications for teacher/therapist co-practice. The research attends to the discourses of inter-professional collaboration in government policy documentation at the macro level, within local authority and school-institution policy statements at the meso level and in the way that participants write and speak of their collaborations at a micro leveL. Macro level discourses were examined in the relevant speech and language therapy and education agencies' policy documentation including Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Schools (HMI) Report (1996) and the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT) (1996) statement of professional standards. Meso level discourses were sought in the relevant local education authority and school policy documentation. Micro level discourses were explored in instances of individuals' talk about their collaborative practice. Participants' accounts were gathered in semi-structured interviews, audiotaped collaborators' meeting talk and written texts. Individual experiences within specific collaboration relationships have not perhaps been grasped or understood in research into teacher/therapist co-working which draws upon positivist methodology and uses positivist methods. There is much previous research which theorizes collaboration at interagency or interprofessionallevels or that takes a systems theory approach that seeks to generalize norms of 'effectiveness' at either or both of these levels. This research was concerned to explore individuals' experiences of co-practice in an analysis which questioned co-practice norms and attempted to unsettle certainties. Participants' accounts in this analysis suggested a more continuous, fluid process of construction and re-construction of individuals' subject positions characterised by unstable identifications. Analysis of individuals' accounts revealed their subjection to the powerful discourses and their active exploitations of those discourses as resources, their subject positions manifested in their discursive choices, ambivalences, oscilations, evasions and miscalculations. Certain of the ways were uncovered in which multiple, unstable practice and co-practice related discourses interplay and compete, working to produce individuals subject to their power; and providing the discursive resources which individuals deploy as they constitute and reconstitute discourse/practice identity positions in their struggles for domination within their relationships. This analysis suggests certain of the effects of the powerful discourses as the participants constitute and re-constitute acceptable power sharing practices, positions within the dimensions of power which, at times collide with positions acceptable to the other. A number of possibilities for the co-practice of teachers and therapists in school-site provision for pupils with language and communication disorders are identified and discussed. These suggest how school institutions' and agencies' policy makers might attend to the diversity and plurality of teachers' and therapists' discursive resources and co-practices. These also suggest that spaces for the exploration of teacher/therapist discourse/practice differences as these relate to the notion of shared discursive resources and co-practice should be opened-up. These further suggest the need to question current policies and practices using a wider variety of conceptual and analytical tools and the need for shared learning spaces which might promote more personally acceptable practices underpinned by knowledge of each other's aspirations.
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Tindall, Natalie T. J. "Diversity, the achievement of power, and the public relations function." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7611.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Communication. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Mohlin, Anna. "Relations of Power and Democratic Accountability in Investor-State Arbitration." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-180894.
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International investment agreements largely cover today’s transnational investments. These agreements confer certain substantive rights to foreign investors while simultaneously obliging host-states to act in a given manner so as to not interfere with the investments. Most international investment agreements further contain an arbitration clause which provides the investor with the means to enforce the substantive rights of the agreement by directly bringing a claim against the host-state before an arbitral tribunal. Consequently, privately contracted arbitrators have the authority to scrutinize and overrule essentially any sovereign act of the host-state that may affect the investment – judicial and legislative acts included. This practice affects not only the parties of the dispute; when the arbitral award claims superiority to the state’s electoral choices, it further constrains the exercise of sovereignty by the population of the host-state. As a result, the arbitrators who manage the disputes and the investors who initiate them have become central power-holders in the context of both international and domestic law. Meanwhile, the arbitrators and investors alike seem to be unaccountable to the states and individuals who are adversely affected by their power assertions. A commonly accepted feature of democracy is that those who govern and wield power should be accountable to those who are governed and subjected to this power. This thesis relates this notion to a Foucauldian understanding of power, domination and resistance. The primary aim of the thesis is to examine the interplay between the prominent subjects involved in investor-state arbitration and to what degree these subjects hold power in the form of transformative capacity. After this investigation into the relations of power, the thesis scrutinizes the subjugated subjects’ ability to exercise effective resistance through institutionalized accountability mechanisms. The thesis detects an accountability deficit in the regime and concludes that foreign investors and arbitrators hold a dominant position within the context of investor-state arbitration, while states and individuals find themselves in a state of domination. The international investment regime, as it currently stands, is thus found to suffer from a democracy deficit, while it concurrently seems to undermine domestic democratic institutions.
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Shelton, Isabel. "A Dangerous Game of Power: Haitian-American Relations 1991-1994." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146675.
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Bajwa, Fatima. "Understanding the power relations in health policy implementation in Pakistan." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2016. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7468.
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Policy implementation is a complex, technical and political process. It is shaped by the capacity of the government, political patronage, influence of diverse actors, power relationships, role of the state, nature of the political systems and their mechanisms for participation in the policy subsystem. Tackling the implementation gap is a health policy concern in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). In these countries, governments frequently fail to achieve effective policy implementation. The government of Pakistan has over six decades introduced many health initiatives and plans to improve the health status of its population. Still, the implementation process remains arduous. To identify the implementation gaps and their drivers, forty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with the key policy actors from general political sphere and health policy subsystem in Pakistan, to explore their knowledge, perspectives and experience. The key informants were mainly politicians, bureaucrats, health ministry officials, and technocrats from Islamabad, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Sind provinces in Pakistan. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. This qualitative exploratory study using an inductive approach draws on the concepts of power, policy networks and path dependency. Findings suggest that the factors influencing the policy-action relationship in the health sector in Pakistan operate at two levels: actors and institutional or structural. Political history as a part of the structure plays an important role as well. The power relations within the health sector are a complex interplay of ideas, interests and incentives resulting in policy networks or iron triangles at different levels. The underlying power relations remain the same and policy implementation process is path dependent. Due to this, most health policies remain in long periods of stasis or equilibrium. The stalemate over these policies was seen because of the elitist system of interest groups’ hold over policy choices. Frequently, policies are caught in a web of interests.