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Parida, Soumik. "A sense of India through soft power." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/383486/.
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India is a cultural melting pot. It has a rich and illustrious history with many different people from the Greeks to the Moghuls and latterly the English, Portuguese and French influencing its traditions that were initially set by the Indo Aryans. India’s classical dances and songs have a strong presence on the world stage. India’s cuisine can be found in all major cities of the world. Yoga has become the new-age mantra for healthy living with millions of people practicing it every day. Bollywood’s reach and effect on the pop culture is becoming more prominent, and some of the Indian film stars are even more popular than Hollywood stars. The country has various other soft attributes that it has contributed to the world, such as dance, music, and food. This work will explore the various soft attributes that contribute to communicating India as a soft power. A communication model is proposed that develops the idea of understanding how various people perceive India as a soft power and to overlay this with how these attributes are communicated to individuals. While there are many positive soft power attributes of India as seen above, the vicarious attributes of India outshine its positive counterpart; at least in the CBI Rankings (Futurebrand.com, 2014) and Monocle soft power rankings, (Monocle, 2012) where India has been constantly dropping in the ratings. While studying the soft power attributes it was found that there is little significant research undertaken to understand international perception about India as a soft power. This piece of work will attempt to find the missing piece of the jigsaw. i India is a complex set of nation states unified by Bollywood, deep spirituality, food and dance culture, so a study in these areas would help to understand the impact that they have outside India’s borders. One could argue that none of the attributes discussed is mutually exclusive as Bollywood for instance can portray dance, food and spirituality in one go. At the same time yoga philosophy and practice also incorporates food principles via Ayurveda. Dance looks at spiritual aspects and history together with music that is often incorporated in Bollywood. The soft issues pervade Indian culture together with a passive acceptance of an oftenrigid caste system that rarely flares into riots such as those witnessed recently in Egypt. The study therefore needed to reconcile these opposites and the fluid interweaving of softness that comes across internationally and appears to exert such an influence on so many nations. Why does softness create such a popular nation and how does the hardness or vicariousness of the way people and women are treated create imbalances? The research throws light on how a nation can use its soft power attributes to define its status and to move forward in the world. The study looks at soft power from a new perspective. First of all, a qualitative approach was undertaken where a country’s influence on media (content analysis of newspaper articles), influence on a group (focus group on four different cultural groups) and influence on an individual (visual case study of 22 individuals belonging to four different cultural groups) was studied through triangulation method. This was done to understand how people from different parts of the world perceived India and to what extent Indian culture influenced them. Secondly, it was proved that the influence of soft power varies from one country to another. Some countries may like a certain cultural aspect while another country may not find that aspect interesting and influential. In this way new ideas about understanding soft power have been developed. The research indicated that people’s perception of India as a soft power varies depending on which country they originate from and at the same time media (newspapers) can influence people’s perceptions of a country as well. It is also interesting that the main finding indicates that a country like India needs to be country specific in terms of the key cultural attributes that it wishes to broadcast.
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Azam, Sher. "Wide Bandgap Semiconductor (SiC & GaN) Power Amplifiers in Different Classes." Licentiate thesis, Linköping : Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköpings universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11786.
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Davies, John Kenyon. "Wealth and the power of wealth in classical Athens /." Salem : Ayer, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37412438h.
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Gabriel, Luís Antonio Vital. "O PT e a luta de classes no Brasil contemporâneo: o acúmulo petista de forças a favor da dominação burguesa." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2258.
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The objective of this thesis is to examine the transformations occurred in the interior of the Workers Party, from its emergence in 1980, to its victorious presidential campaign in 2002. Our task, however, treads through a different way from those who understand that the changes occurred in PT represent a political maturity. In our view, this political maturity represents something else: adherence to bourgeois institutionalism. The theoretical approach of this research is anchored in the Marxist critical tradition. In a capitalist social formation as the Brazilian, the exam of a party should be aware to the complex relationships between social classes and class fractions, and more important, how these relationships are expressed in complex ways, and even covert, in the political scene. Therefore we are working with the assumption that the Workers Party itself is target of an internal and external dispute by the different political forces that acts in the Brazilian social formation. Among the empirical sources we highlight the Party s official documents, especially the resolutions of Meetings, Congresses and Governmental Programs. In short, we try to explain that the Workers Party has transformed itself in a party that contributes to the bourgeois domination in Brazil
O objetivo desta tese é examinar as transformações que ocorreram no interior do Partido dos Trabalhadores desde sua emergência em 1980, até sua vitoriosa campanha presidencial em 2002. Nossa tarefa, no entanto, trilha um caminho diferente daqueles que entendem que as transformações ocorridas no PT representam um amadurecimento político. Em nossa visão este amadurecimento político representa outra coisa: adesão ao institucionalismo burguês. A abordagem teórica desta pesquisa está ancorada na tradição marxista crítica. Em uma formação social capitalista como a brasileira, o exame de um partido deve estar atento às complexas relações entre as classes sociais e as frações de classes, mais importante, como estas relações se expressam de formas complexas, e até dissimuladas na cena política. Portanto, nós trabalhamos com a concepção de que o próprio Partido dos Trabalhadores é alvo de disputa interna e externa pelas diferentes forças políticas que atuam na formação social brasileira. Dentre as fontes empíricas, destacamos os documentos oficiais do Partido, especialmente as Resoluções dos Encontros, Congressos e Programas de Governo. Resumindo, tentamos explicar que o Partido dos Trabalhadores transformou-se em um partido que contribui para a dominação burguesa no Brasil
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Shinner, Peter J. "The exercise of power in nineteenth century Britain : the case of Grimsby 1840-1900." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342430.
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Dam, Nikolaos van. "The struggle for power in Syria : politics and society under Asad and the Ba'th party /." London ; New York : I.B. Tauris, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371189484.
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Texte remanié de: Doct. diss.--University of Amsterdam, 1977. Titre de soutenance : De Rol van sektarisme, regionalisme en tribalisme bij de strijd om de politieke macht in Syrië (1961-1976).Bibliogr. p. 202-218. Index.
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Klein, José Alfonso. "Poder político e lutas de classes na Venezuela: 1989 2009." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2163.
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This José Alfonso Klein s research presents a theoretical reflection on Political Power and Classes Struggles in Venezuela: 1989 2009. Initially, it was considered whether the deployment of neoliberal policies as determinative for configuring economic, political and social history of that period, in Latin America. In parallel movement, it can be observed developments of the imposition of this new mode of capitalist development: economic crisis, political instability, popular insurgencies. In the region of Latin America and the Caribbean, Venezuela has presented as main field of proliferation of popular movements to combat the deterioration of life general conditions of the working class, produced by inconsequentional economical opening, since 1989. The economic crisis caused social conflicts, which awaken political arguing. In Venezuela, the first and crucial moment of contestation of the masses against neoliberalism and imperialism (Caracazo), defined the history direction. The political organization for social movements follow Practical and theoretical, according to the reflection of historical agents at the time, can lead to a struggle for the revolutionary field or conciliatory. In the Venezuelan issue, the actions and ideas was designed by the so called the Bolivarian Revolution , led by President Hugo Chávez, which signals policies related to structural socioeconomic reforms. Consequently, the reaction of the former politically hegemonic classes has faded in an obvious class struggle, which culminated in a strike against Chavez -and counter-attack of the masses and part of the army in their favor (2002). In addition to the consideration of the political purposes of protests from "Street policy (governists or opposition), the evaluation of this process requires observation of socio-economic results of Government "revolutionary Bolivarian", presented in statistical surveys (until 2009). However, a simple review of the current economic situation of Venezuela certainly will not answer questions such as: the dimension of the correlation of forces; the degree of revolutionary forces accumulated; the ability to action or reaction of the classes in defense of their interests; the deepening of classes s struggle in the country depends on the capacity of reforms that are suggested as being "revolutionary", caused by a more violent reactions that may occur.The perception of the entire process will depend on the capacity of the social forces in concreting and operating transformations necessary for setting up a new Venezuelan reality. For both, not just a passive observer, but the active participation of this historic moment which is the major purpose of this work
Este trabalho de José Alfonso Klein tem como título: Poder político e lutas de classes na Venezuela: 1989 2009. Através da dialética das relações sociais, políticas e econômicas na Venezuela, com amplo referencial bibliográfico em estudo exploratório, analisou-se os resultados das medidas neoliberais e imperialistas, como determinantes conjunturais e históricas do período, com abrangência latino-americana e caribenha. Observam-se, inicialmente, os desdobramentos da imposição dessa modalidade de desenvolvimento capitalista: crise econômica, instabilidade política e insurgências populares. Na região latino-americana e caribenha, a Venezuela apresentou-se como principal campo de proliferação dos movimentos populares de luta contra o agravamento das condições gerais de vida da classe trabalhadora, produzido pela inconseqüente abertura econômica, a partir de 1989. A crise econômica suscitou os conflitos sociais, que despertou o embate político. O primeiro e crucial momento venezuelano de contestação das massas contra o neoliberalismo e o imperialismo (Caracazo), definiu os rumos históricos das décadas seguintes. A organização política dos movimentos sociais segue orientações prático-teóricas, de acordo com a reflexão dos agentes históricos do momento, podendo conduzir a luta para o campo revolucionário ou conciliatório. No caso venezuelano, o conjunto das práticas e idéias definiu-se pela chamada Revolução Bolivariana, liderada pelo presidente Hugo Chávez, que sinaliza políticas de reformas sócio-econômicas estruturais. Conseqüentemente, a reação das antigas classes politicamente hegemônicas degenerou numa evidente luta de classes, que culminou no golpe contra o presidente da República - e no contra-golpe das massas e parte das forças armadas a seu favor (2002). Além da consideração sobre os propósitos políticos dos protestos da política de rua (de governistas ou de oposição), a avaliação desse processo requer a observação dos resultados sócio-econômicos do governo revolucionário bolivariano apresentados em levantamentos estatísticos (até 2009). Porém, um simples balanço da atual situação econômica do país certamente não responderá questões como: a dimensão dessa correlação de forças; o grau de forças revolucionárias acumuladas; a capacidade de ação ou reação das classes em defesa de seus interesses; o aprofundamento da luta de classes no país depende da continuidade das reformas que sugerem ser pró-revolucionárias devido às reações burguesas mais violentas que poderão ocorrer. A percepção da totalidade desse processo dependerá da capacidade das forças sociais em operar as transformações concretas e necessárias para a configuração de uma nova realidade venezuelana. Para tanto, não basta uma observação passiva, mas a participação ativa desse momento histórico que é a finalidade maior deste trabalho
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Pereyra, Cáceres Omar. "Time is Power: Aging and Control of Public Space in a Traditional Middle Class Neighborhood in Lima." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/79057.
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Este artículo estudia el efecto del envejecimiento de los vecinos sobre las organizaciones locales en San Felipe, un barrio de clase media en Lima, Perú. Ilustro el efecto de este fenómeno usando el caso del control del espacio público en el barrio. Para esta investigación realicé observación participante durante un año. Durante ese año observé la dinámica de las asambleas locales, entrevisté a 46 vecinos de distintas características y observé una gran cantidad de situaciones y controversias entre vecinos en los espacios públicos de San Felipe. Encuentro que los adultos-mayores son los que imponen su punto de vista respecto al destino del barrio. Dicho resultado es sorprendente pues los adultos-mayores no son ni el grupo demográficamente más importante, ni el de mayores recursos. Sostengo que ello ocurre porque los adultos-mayores transforman el tiempo (un recurso escaso para los adultos-jóvenes, pero ampliamente disponible para los adultos-mayores) en poder organizacional. Con dicho poder organizacional, los adultos-mayores logran influir en los funcionarios municipales quienes no sólo defienden el punto de vista de los adultos-mayores respecto al espacio público, sino que además lo transforman de acuerdo al mismo.In this article, I study the effect of aging of neighbors on local organizations in San Felipe, a middle-class neighborhood in Lima, Peru. I elaborate on this effect by using the case of the control of public space in the neighborhood. I conducted participant observation during a year. During that year, I observed the dynamics of local organizations’ meetings; I interviewed 46 residents of different characteristics; and I observed a large amount of situations andcontroversies among actors in San Felipe’s public space. I find that senior residents are the ones who impose their point of view about the neighborhood’s fortune. This result is surprising considering that senior residents are neither the most numerous group in the neighborhood, neither the one with higher resources. I claim that that happens because senior residents transform time (a scarce resource for young-adult neighbors, though abundant for the seniorneighbors) into organizational power. With that organizational power, senior residents are able to influence on the municipality’s functionaries who not only defend the discourse of senior residents regarding the use of public space, but also transform it according to this discourse.
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Greenhalgh, Matthew. "Gentlemen landowners and the middle classes of Bromley : the transfer of power and wealth, 1840-1914." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 1995. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6377/.
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The central driving force behind this thesis was to study and analyse the balance of power, influence and wealth held by the landed gentry and the middle classes during the period 1840 to 1914. This was accomplished by focusing on thetown of Bromley, Kent, which historians and modern commentators alike havechampioned as the archetypal middle-class suburb. The thesis begins with an in-depth examination of the origins, ideals and actions of the small group of individuals who, in 1840, owned between them the majority of land in the town. Findings about the local gentry challenge existing theories about landowners' alleged antipathy towards commercial interests and show that landowners were not averse to exploiting prevailing economic conditions to their own financial gain. Gradually the local gentry's 'social' power and influence was surrendered to the middle classes which were gaining in wealth and self-confidence. Even though the socio-economic composition of the local middle class was increasingly diverse, there existed no conspicuous divergence in their aspirations or intentions. Indeed, unity of purpose intensified their impact upon the social and economic life of the community, as well as upon prevailing ideals. An ever-growing influx of commuters residing in the town, notably affluent financiers, merchants and professionals working in the City of London, occasionally challenged this unity over demands for improvements in facilities for urban - or suburban - living. However, in the long run these wealthy commuters were adopted as the 'new' elite of local society, helping to promote deferential and paternalistic relationships in a class that was drawn together within a complex web of social, cultural and economic ties. Whilst social harmony was secured by such ties, an obsession with image and perceived status helped preserve social ranks and social distinctions, of which geographical segregation became the most overt illustration. Such were the middle classes' fears of social degradation that they raised a united defence against the emergence of radicalism and socialism. This helped Bromley to emerge, or to be seen to emerge, as the most middle-class of English suburbs, even though this misjudges its more complex Victorian and Edwardian past.
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Dam, Nikolaos van. "The struggle for power in Syria : politics and society under Asad and the Ba'th party /." London ; New York : I.B. Tauris publ, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb374908483.
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Texte remanié de: Diss.--Université d'Amsterdam, 1977. Titre de soutenance : De rol van sektarisme, regionalisme en tribalisme bij de strijd om de politieke macht in Syrië, 1961-1976.En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p.202-218. Notes bibliogr. Index.
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Goodbody, L. "A critical analysis of the personal and professional development of majority and minority group clinical psychologists : power, difference and identities." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2009. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/10832/.
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Men and black and minority ethnic (BME) clinical psychologists represent distinct minorities in a majority white and female profession. The literature on these minority and majority groups in professions was reviewed, and consequences of minority-majority power relations for personal and professional development (PPD) and identities were considered. Critical theory was used to conceptualise links between individual, professional and societal processes and to develop a method of narrative inquiry exploring those connections. The PPD of clinical psychologists has not previously been investigated. Interviews were conducted with six white British clinical psycholotgists (four women and two men) and four BME clinical psychologists (all women). No BME men were recruited. Interview transcripts were subjected to critical narrative analysis on an individual case basis. Constant comparison methods were then used to produce group analyses. Wider societal power relations were inscribed in the PPD narratives of all participants. White participants' identities were largely congruent with PPD discourses, characterised by integration and individual development. BME PPD narratives were cyclical, based on repeated discrimination and conflicts between personal/ethnic and professional identities. Gender patterns were ambiguous though white men's PPD was majority-discoursed. Class interacted with other minority-majority effects. Recommendations for more critical PPD were made.
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Lazzaretti, André Eugenio. "Segmentação, classificação e detecção de novas classes de eventos em oscilografias de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1144.
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CAPESEste trabalho apresenta novas abordagens para duas das etapas fundamentais relacionadas com análise automática de oscilografias de redes de distribuição: a detecção dos instantes transitórios e a sua classificação. Para comparação e validação dos métodos são utilizadas duas bases de dados, sendo uma delas formada por dados simulados no aplicativo Alternative Transient Program e outra contendo dados reais de oscilógrafos instalados em uma rede de distribuição de energia elétrica. Os dados reais apresentam um conjunto de eventos relevante para as análises aqui propostas, principalmente por conter uma gama variada de eventos, incluindo transitórios decorrentes de descargas atmosféricas. Com relação à detecção de transitórios (segmentação de oscilografias), foram testados os métodos atualmente propostos na literatura, os quais contemplam Filtro de Kalman, Transformada Wavelet Discreta e Modelos Autorregressivos, além de serem propostas duas novas técnicas baseadas no Operador de Energia de Teager e Representação de Dados Utilizando Vetores Suporte. Demonstra-se que, tanto para dados simulados quanto para dados reais, o método de detecção baseado na Representação de Dados utilizando Vetores Suporte aponta para um melhor desempenho global no processo de detecção. Com relação à classificação automática de oscilografias, propõe-se uma nova abordagem incluindo um estágio dedicado à detecção de padrões não inseridos no aprendizado prévio do classificador, denominados de novidades, além da própria classificação multiclasse normalmente empregada para diferenciar múltiplas classes conhecidas a priori. São testadas abordagens utilizando a detecção de novidades e classificação multiclasse em estágios simultâneos e subsequentes, com base nos classificadores X-Médias, K-Vizinhos-Mais-Próximos e Representação de Dados Utilizando Vetores Suporte com diferentes formulações, além do próprio classificador multiclasse baseado em Máquinas de Vetor Suporte. Adicionalmente, é proposto um tratamento aos padrões considerados como novidades, com o intuito de fornecer informações ao especialista sobre as similaridades existentes entre os padrões desse conjunto. Para realizar esse processo, optou-se por utilizar modelos de agrupamento automático. Os resultados finais, principalmente para a base de dados incluindo eventos reais, mostram que é possível obter um desempenho de classificação relevante (acima de 80%) para cada um dos estágios do processo de classificação proposto, o qual inclui a detecção de novidades, a classificação multiclasse e o processamento de padrões classificados como novidades (agrupamento automático).
This work presents new approaches for two of the fundamental steps in automatic waveform analysis in electrical distribution systems: transient time detection and its classification. Two datasets were used to compare and validate the proposed methods. The first is composed by simulated waveforms, by using the Alternative Transient Program, while the second is formed by real data from a monitoring system developed for overhead distribution power lines. The real data present a set of relevant events for the analysis proposed here, mainly due to the variety of events, including lightning-related transients. Regarding transient detection (waveform segmentation), the experiments involve usual segmentation methods, such as Kalman filtering, standard Discrete Wavelet Transform, and autoregressive models, besides two new techniques based on the Teager Energy Operator and Support Vector Data Description. The results obtained on both simulated and real world data demonstrate that the method based on Support Vector Data Description outperforms other methods in the transient identification task. Regarding the automatic waveform classification, a new approach including the detection of classes not defined in the training stage (called novelties) is presented. Also, the classifier is able to discriminate among multiple known classes, normally defined as multi-class classification. Two different approaches are compared, by using multi-class classification and novelty detection in two subsequent stages and in a simultaneous way. The following classifiers were assessed: X-Means, K-Nearest-Neighbors, and Support Vector Data Description with different formulations, besides the Support Vector Machine for multi-class classification. Furthermore, a technique for the post-processing of the novelties is presented, in order to provide some useful information for the experts, regarding possible similarities in the novelty set. To accomplish this task, automatic clustering methods were used. The final results, especially for the dataset with real examples, show that it is possible to obtain a relevant classification performance (above 80%) in each one of the three stages of the classification process: multi-class classification, novelty detection, and the post-processing applied to the novelties (automatic clustering).
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Cathey, Paul Eben. "Understanding propaganda: Noam Chomsky and the institutional analysis of power." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002975.
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This thesis argues that Noam Chomsky’s theory of propaganda is a useful way to understand class domination. The strengths and weaknesses of Chomsky’s theory are examined by means of a comparison with Antonio Gramsci’s theory of cultural hegemony. Since work that discusses and analyses Chomsky’s theory is sparse, this piece first gives a detailed explanation of his theory. This requires a short clarification of Chomsky’s terminology, focusing on his definitions of indoctrination and class. Thereafter a thorough account of Chomsky’s ideas regarding class structure, the indoctrinating functions of educational and media institutions and the difference between upper and lower class propaganda are discussed. A common criticism of Chomsky’s arguments is that they are conspiratorial. Thus, following the discussion of Chomsky’s theory I present an argument that Chomsky uses an institutional analysis as opposed to conspiracy theory to reach his conclusions. After arguing that Chomsky has a coherent, logical theory of propaganda that is not conspiratorial, this thesis shifts to a comparison of Chomsky and Gramsci’s theory. The elements of Gramsci’s theory that are relevant to Chomsky are discussed, focusing on their overall similarities, in particular, the question of consent. The final chapter consists of a comparison of the two theories, examining each theorist’s ideas on the nature of education, language, consent and the possible ways in which the lower classes can oppose their own oppression.
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Holford, Naomi. "Making classed sexualities : investigating gender, power and violence in middle-class teenagers' relationship cultures." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/43004/.
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This thesis investigates gendered power relations, including violence, control and coercion, within teenage heterosexual relationships, and broader relationship cultures. It focusses on upper-middle class 14-16 year olds, whose sexualities – unlike those of working-class teenagers – are seldom seen as a social problem. It explores the interactions of romantic and sexual experiences with classed identities and social contexts, based on data generated within a large, high-performing state comprehensive in an affluent, ethnically homogenous (white) area of south-east England. The research, conducted in and outside school, used a mixed-methods approach, incorporating in-depth individual and paired interviews, and self-completion questionnaires. It draws on insights from feminist post-structural approaches to gender and sexualities, and is situated in relation to work that explores the negotiation of gender in “post-feminist” neoliberal societies. Despite (in some ways, because of) their privileged class positioning, these young people faced conflicting regulatory discourses. Heteronormative discourses, and gendered double standards, still shaped their (sexual) subjectivities. Sexuality was very public and visible, forming a claustrophobic regulatory framework restricting movements and choices, particularly girls’. But inequalities and violences were often obscured by powerful classed discourses of compulsory individuality, with young people compelled to perform an autonomous self even as they negotiated inescapably social networks of sexuality. These discourses could exacerbate inequalities, as participants denigrated others for vulnerability. A significant proportion of participants reported controlling, coercive or violent relationship experiences, but girls especially downplayed their importance. Girls shouldered the burden of emotion work, taking on responsibility for both their own and partners’ emotions. Sexual harassment and violence from peers were often regarded with resignation, and sometimes led to further victimisation from partners or peers. Policing of sexuality was bound up with classed prejudices and assumptions; participants’ performances of identity often rested on dissociation from the working class. Young middle-class people’s heterosexual subjectivities sat uneasily with educationally successful, future-oriented subjectivities; sexuality was an ever-lurking threat to becoming an educational and therefore classed success.
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Schultz, Valdemar. "inSuportes para aulas de artes: continentes e ilhas em papel A4." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49020.
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Esta dissertação articula conceitos do campo da filosofia, da arte e da educação junto às múltiplas formas de expressão da arte, afirmando as experimentações e as intensidades de autores como Nietzsche, Deleuze, Guattari e de outros estudos do pensamento da Diferença. A disposição gráfica “inSuportes” indica a impossibilidade de fundamentar os movimentos no campo da arte e do ensino da arte. A heterogeneidade das formas de expressão artística não possibilita criar uma determinada ordem nem propor uma classificação. Ao afirmar os afectos da arte no fazer e no pensar a arte e o ensino da arte, a presente pesquisa tem por intenção contribuir para uma maior abertura do conceito de criação no meio escolar. Diferentes práticas se sobrepõem, justapõem e coexistem, mas cada uma delas opera em sua singularidade. A multiplicidade das manifestações não permite que se extraia uma significação particular, mas possibilita afirmar a singularidade da arte para pensar o mundo com múltiplas possibilidades de vida. O pensamento da diferença e do múltiplo abre um frágil espaço para respostas possíveis a problemas colocados num determinado horizonte de eventos. A escrita e as imagens que compõem esse ensaio pretendem mostrar a potência da arte e a conexão entre o desejo e a criação em aulas de artes. Dessa forma, na vastidão dos continentes, nos limites das ilhas, na superfície do papel A4, em muros e paredes, em suportes de todos os tipos e na variedade dos papéis desempenhados por um professor, a força que move a arte vem a ser sempre a mesma: a criação.This dissertation combines concepts from the field of philosophy, art and education with the many forms of artistic expression, affirming the experiments and intensities of authors as Nietzsche, Deleuze, Guattari as well as others studies of the concept of Difference. The graphic layout "unSupport" indicates the inability to substantiate the movements in art and art education. The heterogeneity forms of artistic expression do not intend to create a determinate order and to propose a classification. While affirming the affects of art at doing and thinking about art and art education, this research aims to contribute to a more open concept of creation in schools. Different practices overlap, juxtapose and coexist, but each one operates in its singularities. The multiplicity of events does not allow extracting a particular meaning, but it turns possible to assert singularities of art in order to think the world with multiple possibilities of life. The thought of difference and multiple opens a fragile space for possible answers to problems placed in a particular event horizon. The writing and the images that compose this essay aims to show the potency of art and the connection between desire and creation in arts classes. In this way, in the vastness of the continent, in the limits of an island, on the surface of an A4 paper, on the walls, in all media types and on the variety of the roles of a teacher, the force that moves the art is always the same: creation.
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Nery, Vanderlei Elias. "A campanha Diretas Já e a transição brasileira da ditadura militar para a democracia burguesa." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/3421.
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This thesis aims to analyze the campaign Diretas Já linking it to the Brazilian transition from military dictatorship to bourgeois democracy. We start from a Marxist definition of theState capitalist,the form of and political regime State, for from this theoretical concept to analyze the campaign Diretas Já. It is our goal to reconstruct the trajectory of the campaign, as well as the role of social classes and political parties to demonstrate how the bourgeois opposition leads the campaign, imposed a form of organization, filter the whole process of struggle for the Congress, with as single focus, the approval of the Dante de Oliveira amendment. We intend to demonstrate how the form of campaign organization Diretas Já imposed by the bourgeois opposition and accepted by the left parties and unions, prevented the labor movement and could use popular forms of struggle that confront capital and labor. From a Marxist conception of democracy and citizenship, we demonstrate the limits of institutionalist analysis, which state that the Diretas Já has been the rebirth of civil society and citizenship, consolidating an expansion of political and social rights
A presente tese visa analisar a campanha Diretas Já, relacionando-a com a transição brasileira da ditadura militar para a democracia burguesa. Parte de uma definição marxista do Estado capitalista, da forma de Estado e de regime político, para, com fundamentação nessa concepção teórica, analisar a campanha Diretas Já. Seu objetivo é reconstruir a trajetória da campanha bem como a atuação das classes sociais e dos partidos políticos, buscando demonstrar como a oposição burguesa, ao dirigir a campanha, impôs uma forma de organização, canalizando todo o processo de luta para o Congresso Nacional com um único objetivo, a aprovação da emenda Dante de Oliveira. Pretende-se demonstrar, neste trabalho, como a forma de organização da campanha Diretas Já, imposta pela oposição burguesa e aceita pelos partidos de esquerda e pelas centrais sindicais, impediu que o movimento operário e popular pudesse utilizar formas de luta que confrontassem o capital e o trabalho. Partindo de uma concepção marxista de democracia e cidadania, esta tese busca demonstrar os limites das análises institucionalistas, as quais afirmam que a campanha Diretas Já foi o renascer da sociedade civil e da cidadania, consubstanciando uma ampliação dos direitos políticos e sociais
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Silva, João Nuno Oliveira Ramos da. "Design of a power amplifier for IEEE 802.11p applications." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18683.
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Engenharia Eletrónica e TelecomunicaçõesSem resumo disponível.
Vehicular communications in Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are becoming more common and used nowadays. For this type of communications to work a standard was developed as an improvement from the Wi- Fi regular standard, the IEEE 802.11p, that works in the 5.9 GHz band. In order to allow the use of such communication systems, Power Ampli ers (PAs) are one of the most important parts of the RF frontends. They have to be as linear as possible to allow high transmission data rates and Spectrum Emission Mask (SEM) compliance. Linearity can be achieved through the correct selection of the transistor bias point or through predistortion. Since e ciency is also one of the main concerns for today's communication systems, predistortion is becoming a technique that is commonly used, avoiding an unnecessary back-o of the PA. In this thesis, the objective is to design and implement a PA that is compliant with the four power classes of the IEEE 802.11p standard: A, B, C and D, being D the most stringent one, which requires a highly linear ampli er. In order to achieve this goal, some theoretical concepts are explained during this thesis, regarding the standard and PA characteristics. The design and simulation are presented with several illustrations and results to sustain and describe all the work performed in a cohesive and simple way, from the PA design to the Digital Predistorter (PD) implementation. While for classes A, B and C the designed ampli er matches the speci cations, for class D a Digital PD was used. In the end of this document, the PA is tested with and without the PD, comparing both results and also doing the regular 1-tone tests for e ciency, gain and power output for the frequency of operation of the IEEE 802.11p standard. A critical analysis
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Başaran, Neslişah Leman. "The Muslim-Turkish merchant and industrial bourgeoisie in Turkey in the 1920's and their relation with the political power." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC006.
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Cette thèse examine la bourgeoisie musulmane-turque marchande et industrielle, dans la période de la fondation de la République en Turquie. L’argument principal de cette étude consiste à prouver que les commerçants et les entrepreneurs musulmans-turcs dans les années 1920 constituaient une classe sociale qui cherchait à dominer économiquement, socialement et politiquement. Au début de la République, les commerçants et industriels musulman-turcs constituaient une classe qui possédait une culture et une idéologie commune, une vision englobante sur l'économie du pays. D'une part, cette étude révèle la composition interne de cette classe, les secteurs d'activité dont ses membres s'occupaient, leurs sources de richesse, leurs voies de développement. D'autre part, cette thèse révèle le rôle que joue cette classe sociale dans les années 1920 avec leurs demandes et leurs préoccupations, leur idéologie et leurs affiliations politiqueThis thesis aims at demonstrate that Muslim-Turkish merchants and entrepreneurs in Turkey in the 1920’s constituted a social class, namely the national “bourgeoisie” of the country, seeking to dominate economically, socially and politically. At the beginning of the Republic, the Muslim-Turkish merchants and industrialists constituted a class which had a common culture and ideology, and a vision regarding the economy of the country in general. On one hand, this study reveals the internal composition of this class, its components, the business sectors they dealt with, the sources of their wealth and their paths of development, whereas on the other hand, it presents the role that this social class played in the 1920’s by focusing on their economic and political organizations, their demands and concerns, their ideology and political affiliations and finally on their relationship with the political power
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Parise, Fanny. "Habiter et consommer le logement social : une approche stratégique de l'habiter des classes populaires et moyennes sous contraintes de pouvoir d'achat." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05H001/document.
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En 2014, quel est le « sens de l’habiter »? L’évolution de la législation française engendre un processus de marchandisation du logement social, déjà amorcé. « Grands ensembliers » et professionnels du logement s’associent pour développer une nouvelle offre d’habitat social à destination des classes moyennes intermédiaires. La montée des classes moyennes mondiales et la crise économique produit des modes de consommer différenciés et une demande de logements prenant en considération de nouvelles tendances sociétales. Le regain d’intérêt depuis les années 2000 pour l’habitat alternatif (notamment le cohousing), positionne l’innovation dans l’habitat dans une démarche de co-construction (constructeur, architecte, sociologue). Ces effets de contexte s’inscrivent dans une démarche compréhensive de la diversité des pratiques habitants des classes moyennes. L’hétérogénéité de ce groupe social, à travers des modes de vie pluriels, illustre le déploiement de stratégies et de choix résidentiels qui rendent compte d’un rapport à l’autre singulier, d’un rapport au monde spécifique ; dont les « grands ensembliers » s’essaient à en saisir le sens et la complexitéIn 2014, what is the "sense of living"? The evolution of French legislation creates a social housing commodification process already begun. "Large contractors" and housing professionals join forces to develop a new offer of social housing to intermediate middle class. The rise of the global middle class and the economic crisis produces differentiated patterns of consumption and housing demand considering new societal trends. The renewed interest since the 2000s for alternative housing (including cohousing) positions innovation in housing in a co-construction approach (builder, architect, sociologist). These context effects are part of a comprehensive approach to the diversity of the inhabitants of the middle class practices. The heterogeneity of this social group, through plural lifestyles, illustrates the deployment strategies and residential choices that reflect a singular relative to each other, a report to the specific world; whose "big contractors" is trying to grasp the meaning and complexity
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Hansaward, Natcharee. "THE DAY I MET THAT CAT : The comic about colorism, one-sided standard and visual communication power in Thailand." Thesis, Konstfack, Grafisk design & illustration, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-6907.
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This report explores the methodology themes and meanings embeded in the society that I am portraying in my comic 'THE DAY I MET THAT CAT'. This includes concept such as identity, colorism, races and cultures, human interaction with animals and the power of the visual.
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Primerano, Julie. "Quand les rapports sociaux de classes prennent corps : catégorisations et expériences des « cancers du travail » en Lorraine." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2019_0247_PRIMERANO.pdf.
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Le cadre professionnel constitue, aujourd’hui encore, un espace d’engagement des corps parfois délétère, notamment pour les plus précaires. Cette thèse propose d’explorer l’une de ses conséquences, peu visible dans le corps social : le “cancer professionnelˮ. Etudié dans ses versants institutionnel et “profaneˮ , ses différentes logiques de catégorisations sont mobilisées comme des analyseurs des corps, des corporéités et des rapports sociaux de classes. Plusieurs niveaux d’analyse sont ainsi convoqués : celui, diachronique, de son élaboration et de ses ajustements et ceux, synchroniques, des malades soupçonnés, à un moment donné, d’être atteints d’un cancer d’origine professionnelle, de leur entourage (conjoint.e et plus largement réseaux relationnels territoriaux à travers lesquels les malades constituent des savoirs concernant les sites exposant à des substances cancérogènes), des associations et des syndicats, des agents administratifs et enfin des médecins. Le travail méthodologique repose sur des entretiens avec des malades et/ou leurs ayants-droit, des agents administratifs, des médecins, des acteurs associatifs et syndicaux ainsi que des observations de consultations, de séances du comité régional de reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles et de permanences associatives. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans la sociologie des cancers professionnels déjà ouverte par les travaux pionniers d’Annie Thébaud-Mony dès les années 1990 (Thébaud-Mony, 1991, 2003, 2006, etc.), complétés notamment par les travaux menés par les chercheur.se.s associé.e.s au GISCOP93 (Marchand, 2016 et 2018 ; Paiva, 2016, etc.) en même temps qu’elle contribue à la sociologie des « corps ouvriers ». S'agissant du premier champ, elle montre comment la catégorie se reconfigure à mesure de la traversée des espaces médicaux, administratifs, militants et domestiques. Des jeux sur ses bornes se déploient dans ces espaces qui passent notamment par une revendication victimaire ainsi que par une individualisation du risque cancérogène et du vécu de la maladie, menant l’(ex) travailleur à subir une triple injonction à être à la fois un bon ouvrier, un bon malade et une bonne victime. S'agissant du second champ, elle montre comment le travail passe les frontières de la peau des ouvriers selon des modalités particulières. Les ouvriers enquêtés semblent résister à l'engagement de l'entièreté de leur corps au travail mais l'expérience de la maladie ne s'inscrit pas dans une grammaire de classes nette. Ainsi, si le collectif ouvrier peut parfois faire ressource, il peine à faire sens dans une expérience qui s'individualise à mesure que la relation salariale se transforme et que la rhétorique de classes perd de son audience. Pour autant, c’est parfois la catégorie, souvent saisie par le biais des médecins et des corps, qui va (r)éveiller l’identification à une condition précaire, suggérant une imbrication complexe des rapports sociaux de domination autour de cet objetThe professional setting still constitutes a space in which bodily engagement may have deleterious effects. This is particularly true for the most precarious workers. This thesis proposes to explore one of its consequences, that of occupational cancer. Occupational cancer socially relatively invisible socially, we will study its repercussions both on an institutional and on a profane level. The different logics which underlie the categorization are mobilized to found an analysis of the workers’ bodies, their bodily practice and the class relations in which they are engaged. Several levels of analysis are mobilized: a diachronic analysis of the category and the way in which it is elaborated and evolves and a synchronic analysis of the patients suspected, at a given moment, to be suffering from an occupational cancer. This latter also involves; the patient’s entourage (spouse and more broadly the territorial relational networks by which the patients obtain knowledge about the sites on which workers are exposed to toxic substances), associations and trade unions, administrative agents and doctors. My methodology is based on interviews with patients and/or their beneficiaries, administrative agents, doctors, and members of associations and trade-unions. I have also observed medical consultations, meetings of regional decisional bodies for the diagnosis of occupational illness and the open office hours and consultations of associations devoted to the recognition of occupational illness.This thesis is a contribution to the sociology of occupational cancers opened by the pioneering work of Annie Thébaud-Mony during the 1990s (Thébaud-Mony, 1991, 2003, 2006, etc.), and developed by researchers at the GISCOP93 laboratory (in particular: Anne Marchand, 2016 and 2018, Michelle Paiva, 2016, etc.) At the same time it is a contribution to the sociology of "blue-collar workers' bodies". Regarding the first field, I show how the category is reconfigured as it passes through medical, administrative, militant and domestic spaces. Its boundaries are played out in these spaces via the steps in the process of recognition, which include the victim’s claim, an individualization of the carcinogenic risk and the experience of illness. The (ex) worker comes to suffer from a triple injunction to be at once a good worker, a good patient and a good victim. In so far as the second field is concerned, I show how the work passes the boundaries of worker’s skin in a particular manner. The workers studied seem to resist committing their entire body to their work and its sequels, though the experience of illness cannot be seen to enter into a distinct class-inspired grammar. Thus, if the workers' collectives can sometimes serve as a resource, they have difficulty making sense of an experience that becomes individualized as work relationships are transformed and class rhetoric loses its public. However, it is sometimes the category, often operationalized by doctors and the workers’ bodies, that awakens identification to a precarious condition, suggesting a complex interweaving of power relationships with relation to this object
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Hrazděra, Tomáš. "Vysokofrekvenční výkonové zesilovače." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264930.
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This work deals with high-frequency power amplifiers. In the theoretical part are briefly summarized the general characteristics and properties of particular working classes of amplifiers focusing on their efficiency. The next section is aimed on design of high-frequency power amplifier for 1296MHz band and its individual components. In this part is desribed design of hybrid combiners - splitters, directional couplers of the coupled lines, amplifiers with RA18H1213G module and power amplifier with transistor BLV958. The work also includes the results of simulations of designed circuit, realization procedure and the measured parameters of manufactured components. In conclusion of this work the theoretical and measured values are compared.
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Ivica, Bošnjak. "O algebrama kompleksa." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2002. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=5995&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Ovaj rad se bavi algebrama kompleksa i stepenim konstukcijama uopste. Prvo poglavlje sadrzi pregled poznatih rezultata iz ove oblasti. U drugom poglavlju razmatrani su neki univerzalno-algebarski problemi vezani za algebre kompleksa, koji su pokrenuti u radovima C. Brinka. Trece poglavlje sadr ´ zi rezultate o stepenim grafovima, sa posebnim osvrtom na globalnu odredjenost grafova.The thesis deals with power algebras and power constructions in general. The first chapter contains the most important known results from this field. In Chapter 2 some universal-algebraic problems concerning power algebras are considered. Chapter 3 is devoted to the investigation of power graphs. The main attention is focused on the problem of global determinism of graphs.
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Ta, Anh Son. "Programmation DC et DCA pour la résolution de certaines classes des problèmes dans les systèmes de transport et de communication." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776219.
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Cette thèse a pour but de développer des approches déterministes et heuristiques pour résoudre certaines classes des problèmes d'optimisation en télécommunication et la mobilité d'un réseau de transport : problèmes de routage, problèmes de covoiturage, problèmes de contrôle de l'alimentation dans un réseau sans fil, problèmes d'équilibrage du spectre dans les réseaux DSL. Il s'agit des problèmes d'optimisation non convexe de très grande taille. Nos approches sont basées sur la programmation DC&DCA, méthode de décomposition proximale et la méthode d'étiquetage des graphes. Grâce aux techniques de formulation/reformulation et de pénalité exacte, nous avons établi des programmes DC équivalents en vue de leur résolution par DCA. Selon la structure de ces problèmes, on peut fournir des décompositions DC appropriées ou de bons points initiaux de DCA. Nos méthodes ont été programmées sous MATLAB, C/C++. Ils montrent la performance de nos algorithmes par rapport à des méthodes existantes.
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Silveira, Paloma Silva. "Experiências de abortos provocados de mulheres e homens de estratos sociais médios no nordeste brasileiro." Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, 2014. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/16328.
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O aborto provocado é tema constante nas pesquisas brasileiras, na área da Saúde Pública, contudo, as temáticas da decisão e do itinerário abortivo são ainda pouco exploradas, sobretudo quando o aborto é realizado por pessoas de camadas médias. Esta tese visa contribuir para a superação desta lacuna ao analisar experiências de abortos de mulheres e homens pertencentes a estratos sociais médios do Nordeste brasileiro, focalizando a construção da decisão e o itinerário abortivo. Para isto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa no período de maio a dezembro de 2012, em que foram entrevistadas vinte mulheres e sete homens que passaram pela experiência de interromper uma gravidez. A tese está estruturada em duas partes. Na primeira parte, apresentamos uma revisão bibliográfica, a linha argumentativa da tese, os objetivos da pesquisa e o posicionamento teórico adotado referente a gênero e poder. Na segunda parte, são apresentados uma discussão metodológica e os resultados em forma de três artigos. No Artigo I, discutimos como a prática do aborto está envolta pelo segredo no Brasil e as consequências disto para a realização do estudo. Assim, analisamos as três lógicas identificadas que impõem o segredo ao aborto: a legal, a moral e a relacional e, posteriormente, tratamos dos aspectos metodológicos. No Artigo II, analisamos a construção da decisão pelo aborto. Constatamos que, para compreender a construção da decisão, temos que entendê-la como um processo composto por distintos momentos: a suspeita/confirmação da gestação, o pensar sobre o desfecho da gravidez, a tomada de decisão pela interrupção, o viabilizar esta decisão e o efetivar o aborto. No Artigo III, analisamos, especificamente, as experiências de aborto realizadas em clínicas privadas. Verificamos que existem diferentes clínicas e diversas modalidades de atendimento realizadas pelos médicos nestes serviços privados. Discutimos, assim, como a ilegalidade do aborto expõe as mulheres a situações de total vulnerabilidade. A tese é finalizada com algumas considerações relacionadas às contribuições da pesquisa.
Induced abortion is a constant theme in Brazilian research in the area of Public Health, however the themes of the decision and the abortion route are yet unexplored, especially when the abortion is performed by people of middle class. This thesis aims to contribute to overcoming this gap by analyzing the experiences of abortions in women and men from middle social strata of the Brazilian Northeast, focusing on the construction of the decision and the abortion route. For this, a study was conducted in the period May to December 2012, in which 20 women and seven men who had the experience to end a pregnancy were interviewed. The thesis is structured in two parts. In the first part we present a literature review, the line of argument put forward in this thesis, the theoretical position adopted regarding gender and power, and detail to support the research objectives. In the second part a methodological discussion and the results in the form of three articles are presented. In the article I discussed the way in which the practice of abortion is shrouded by secrecy in Brazil, and the consequences for the study. Thus, we analyzed the three identified logics that impose the secret abortion: legal, moral and relational, and subsequently treat the effects and methodological answers. In Article II analyzes the construction of the decision to abort. We note that to understand the construction of the decision we have to understand it as a process composed of distinct moments: the suspicion/confirmation of pregnancy, think about the outcome of pregnancy and decision making by the interruption, enabling the decision and the effect abortion. In Article III specifically analyze the experiences of abortions performed in private clinics. We found that there are different modalities and clinical care provided by the doctors at these clinics. Discussed, as well as the illegality of abortion exposes women to situations of complete vulnerability. The thesis concludes with some considerations related to the contributions of the research.
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Karpouzoglou, Timothy. "'Our power rests in numbers' : the role of expert-led policy processes in addressing water quality : the case of peri-urban areas in the national capital region of Delhi, India." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/43304/.
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This thesis explores the role of expert-led policy processes in addressing water quality. It does so by drawing on the ‘peri-urban' as a setting which exemplifies contemporary social and environmental challenges associated with river and groundwater pollution, as well as the health and livelihood implications for the poorest citizens in peri-urban areas. The peri-urban area of Ghaziabad, on the outskirts of New Delhi, provides a good reference point for understanding those challenges, while India's environmental regulatory agency (the Central Pollution Control Board) demonstrates how policy experts influence such a setting by enacting their institutional role and mandate. The thesis examines the ways in which problems associated with deteriorating water quality in peri-urban areas are often neglected in expert-led policy processes, and the consequent implications for peri-urban poor communities. It argues that expert-driven policy approaches to addressing water quality are formulated almost exclusively on scientific grounds, while underlying ‘non-scientific' decisions and choices, emerging from actors operating at levels from policy framing to policy implementation, are not awarded the same importance, thus ignoring issues that pertain to the social, environmental and political implications of the problems. By drawing on qualitative research, the thesis focuses on two case studies. One examines the Central Pollution Control Board's framing of policy initiatives while the other follows the implementation of such policies in peri-urban Ghaziabad. The thesis demonstrates how the scale of monitoring water quality is heavily biased towards national rather than local level priorities. This leads to an understatement of important water quality problems that affect peri-urban areas in favour of large-scale analyses of pollution in river basins. This has the effect of understating important water quality problems that affect peri-urban areas in poorer localities such as villages within the Ghaziabad district. The centrality of technical discourses in the articulation of and response to water quality problems makes it difficult for non-technical perspectives (derived directly from those people who are exposed to pollution) to feed into formal decision-making. This research also identified the key influence of a number of actors (municipal engineers, public health officials and district magistrates) in shaping and implementing policy outcomes on the ground in local contexts (i.e. peri-urban areas), even though their roles are often not recognised formally. The thesis is original in its attempt to merge insights from policy studies and science technology studies (STS) and apply them to the domain of water quality, a field that has not traditionally been subjected to critical social science inquiry. It also unpacks ethnographically the Board's dual role as both a policy advisor and regulator, and further illustrates how the enactment of these roles can lead to contradictory outcomes on the ground, particularly for the poorest periurban citizens.
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Ramadan, Alaaeddine. "Amplification de puissance à haut rendement en bande L et en technologie GaN intégrant une pré formation de la tension de commande d'entrée." Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ffee17f3-34c5-439b-8f3b-a0e896c80931/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4016.pdf.
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La technologie de semi-conducteurs de puissance GAN est en pleine phase de développement à l'heure actuelle et offre de réelles potentialités pour la génération de fortes puissances à l'état solide en hyperfréquence. Le sujet de thèse concerne donc l'étude de l'amplification de puissance en commutation en technologie GaN avec la réalisation d'un démonstrateur à 2 GHz sur la base d'une puissance de sortie de 15Watts. L'étude aboutit à un contrôle et une préformation adéquats des harmoniques de courants et de tensions en entrée et en sortie de l'étage de puissance. Un point innovant et central de ce travail de thèse a été l'analyse multi-harmonique conjointe entre l'étage 'driver' et l'étage de puissance pour préformer le signal de commande de l'étage de puissance et aboutir à un fonctionnement optimisé en rendement sur une large bande passante. Les travaux de thèse se sont concrétisés par la réalisation d'un amplificateur démonstrateur à deux étages comprenant un premier étage fonctionnant en classe F inverse et un second étage fonctionnant en classe F. Cette réalisation est par nature adressable à l'amplification de signaux à enveloppe constante ne nécessitant pas de spécifications contraignantes en terme de linéaritéHigh efficiency performances of microwave power amplifiers are reached by implementing proper matching conditions at harmonic components. Harmonic tuned amplifiers offer for the moment the best energy conversion efficiency between DC supply and RF power at fundamental frequency available in a 50 Ω load. In addition to proper harmonic terminations, the minimization of power losses at fundamental frequency in the output RF matching and power combining circuit is of prime importance. This has been widely reported over the past few years. Considering this main aspect GaN technology offers an evident advantage due to its high drain voltage operation capability that is beneficial for designing low loss and wideband output matching circuits. Several works have been reported during the past few years. This work examines power added efficiency improvements by implementing an appropriate gate source voltage waveform shaping of power cells. Analytical calculations, circuit simulations using a nonlinear model of a 15W GaN HEMT and a two stage power amplifier design have been achieved. The power stage operates at high drain bias voltage under class F conditions while the driver stage operates at low drain bias voltage under inverse class F conditions to drive the input of power stage by an appropriate gate source voltage waveform shape. Very good power added efficiency have been reached over a wide frequency bandwidth. This work addresses the amplification of constant envelope signals that do not require any stringent specification in terms of linearity
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Dorignon, Louise. "High-rise living in the middle-class suburb : a geography of tactics and strategies." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2087.
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Avec l’évolution du « rêve australien », l’habitat en hauteur dans les villes est devenu pour les classes moyennes une solution de logement non plus seulement acceptable mais aussi désirable. Cette thèse examine en détail les tactiques et stratégies mises en place par les résidents pour habiter la ville verticalement. Elle explore les manières de négocier la conception, l’habitation et la maintenance des immeubles de grande hauteur des classes moyennes aisées dans les quartiers péricentraux de Melbourne. La thèse s’intéresse tout particulièrement au rôle des résidents dans la négociation des choix de conception et la coproduction des espaces des tours d’habitation et utilise des méthodes qualitatives mixtes, combinant des visites à pied et des entretiens semi-directifs. S'appuyant sur la nouvelle géographie de l'architecture et sur une approche relationnelle de l'habitat et du logement, cette étude mobilise une théorie de la pratique reconnaissant le caractère tactique et stratégique des actions dans la ville. La thèse montre que les résidents modifient les configurations socio-matérielles et les relations spatiales de la vie en appartement préalablement définies par les concepteurs, les promoteurs et les technologues immobiliers. Explicitant le rôle joué par les classes sociales dans la vie quotidienne verticale, cette étude révèle que les complexes résidentiels de grande hauteur sont des lieux d’antagonismes incarnés et de conflits hautement symboliques. Les modes de vie et les aspirations y sont négociées par des institutions et des acteurs variés à travers un ensemble d’actions spatiales et temporelles. Il en ressort que des acteurs concurrents œuvrent à la coproduction des espaces et cultures quotidiennes des ensembles résidentiels de grande hauteur. Cependant, la thèse esquisse également la répartition changeante et irrégulière du pouvoir dans les pratiques liées à la vie en appartement entre les individus qui élaborent des stratégies et ceux qui inventent des tactiques. Plus généralement, cette thèse permet de mieux comprendre en quoi ce nouveau type de ville verticale reflète et transforme les configurations de statut, de pouvoir et d'identité dans les quartiers péricentraux de MelbourneWithin new configurations of the ‘Great Australian Dream’, high-rise living in Australian cities has become not only an acceptable housing configuration for the middle classes but also a desirable one. Enquiring deeply into the tactics and strategies that building inhabitants use to live vertically in the city, this thesis explores the ways in which the design, inhabitation, and maintenance of middle-class high-rise developments are negotiated in Melbourne inner-suburbs. It explores dwellers’ agency in the negotiation of design choices and co-production of high-rise spaces, using mixed qualitative methods combining walking tours and semi-directed interviews. Drawing on the new geography of architecture and on a relational approach to housing and home, the research engages with a theory of practice acknowledging tactical and strategic actions in the city. It argues that dwellers reshape the socio-material configurations and spatial relations of apartment living set by designers, developers and housing technologists. Explicitly recognising of the role of social class in high-rise living, the research suggests that apartment developments are highly contested sites where intended lifestyles and aspirations are negotiated by varied institutions and actors, through a distinctive set of temporal and spatial actions. It finds that competing actors all work towards the co-production of high-rise living spaces and cultures. However, the thesis also shows that housing relations in the practice of middle-class apartment living outline an uneven and changing distribution of power between those who develop strategies and those who craft tactics. More broadly, this research opens up a deeper understanding of how this new kind of vertical city reflects and transforms configurations of status, power and identity in the Australian suburb
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Cardoso, Letícia Conceição Martins. "O TEATRO DO PODER: Cultura e Política no Maranhão." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2008. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/612.
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Previous issue date: 2008-03-25FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO
Analysis of the cultural management of the governments of Roseana Sarney in Maranhão (1995-1998/1999-2001), designed by Maranhão Culture Secretary (SECMA) and Maranhão Culture Foundation (FUNCMA). It s searched to identify the field of cultural relations between actors and the State, taking as reference the speeches of those actors through interviews, analysis of the Activities Reports of SECMA/FUNCMA and reports in local newspapers. The Government of Roseana Sarney is located on the discussion of culture public policy in Brazil and a study about the culture state policies in the country which manufactured national symbols until José Sarney government as President of Brazil (1985 -1980), when was created the first Law of the Encouragement Culture (Sarney Law). It s observed that in the first time of the cultural management of Roseana Sarney (1995- 1997) a conception of culture identified with the heritage was predominated. And, in a second time (1998-2001), state interventions focused on a concept of popular culture . In both moments theatrical strategies are created, leading to a symbolic capital accumulation on the protagonist: the governor. But the cultural actors are active subjects in this play, also creating their visibility strategies. Thus, power dispute is developed through stage of power acts. In this context, the media is an important scene for the acquisition of symbolic power and can serve both as a group or another. The intention, therefore, is to explain how the relations between the State and culture are established; to know what strategies are used, why and by whom are developed, trying to identify if these relations can be considered a public policy of culture.
Análise sobre a gestão cultural dos Governos de Roseana Sarney no Maranhão (1995- 1998/1999-2001), concebida pela Secretaria de Estado da Cultura do Maranhão (SECMA) e pela Fundação Cultural do Maranhão (FUNCMA). Busca-se identificar o campo de relações entre atores culturais e o Estado, tomando como referência os discursos desses atores, através de entrevistas, da análise dos Relatórios de Atividades da SECMA/FUNCMA e notícias veiculadas em jornais locais. Para situar o Governo de Roseana Sarney na discussão sobre as políticas públicas culturais no Brasil, constrói-se uma trajetória das políticas estatais de cultura no país, que tenderam à fabricação de símbolos nacionais, até o Governo de José Sarney na Presidência da República (1985- 1980), quando foi criada a primeira Lei de Incentivo à Cultura (Lei Sarney). Observa-se que na primeira fase da gestão cultural de Roseana Sarney (1995-1997), predominou uma concepção de cultura identificada com o patrimônio . E, na segunda fase (1998-2001), as intervenções estatais concentraram-se naquilo que o órgão de cultura concebeu como uma cultura popular . Percebe-se que nos dois momentos são criadas estratégias teatrais, que levam a um acúmulo de capital simbólico na figura de uma protagonista: a governante. Mas os atores culturais são sujeitos ativos nessa encenação, criando também suas estratégias de visibilidade. Assim, a disputa pelo poder se desenvolve por meio da teatralização dos atos de poder. Neste contexto, a mídia constitui um cenário importante para a aquisição de poder simbólico, podendo servir tanto a um grupo como a outro. A intenção, portanto, é explicar como são estabelecidas as relações da cultura com o Estado; saber que estratégias são usadas, por que e por quem são desenvolvidas, tentando identificar em que medida essas relações constituem uma política pública de cultura.
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Kufa, Jan. "Výkonový zesilovač pro pásmo krátkých vln." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220347.
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The aim of the master´s thesis is to create a high-frequency amplifier with switching power amplifier classes among classes A, B, C with output power of 10 W. The amplifier operates at frequency from 3.5 MHz to 14 MHz. Master´s thesis includes also theoretical analysis, design of lowpass filter and amplifiers and their simulation, mechanical realization and measured parameters of the amplifier.
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Feitosa, Nabupolasar Alves. "A construção do Estado chavista: a influência bolivariana." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2451.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-28The present work, entitled The construction of the chavista State: the bolivarian influence, was done with the aim of analysing the process by which the political ideas produced in the past by Simón Bolívar were recovered and instrumentalized by Hugo Chávez under new historical circumstances. With the use of Simón Bolívar s historical figure as justification for his acts, Hugo Chávez s governing style varied in such a manner that it was possible to identify three periods during the 14 years as leader of the Venezuelan State. In each of theses periods, the way Chávez used the State to relate himself with society changed, and eventually He constructed what is called here the chavista State. The leading hypothesis in this work asserts that Chávez, using Bolívar as justification, took a political track in a growing dispute that ended up by creating a strong State, capitalist, socially oriented, with great concentration of Power in Hugo Chávez s hands, and with persecution against political adversaries or anyone that could oppose the chavista power project. To go through this hypothesis, a qualitative research was done, based also on many official data about the economic and social situation in Venezuela, besides a broad bibliographical research. The thesis holds its fundaments in Karl Marx's The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon, in the understanding of bonapartism, which characterizes the chavista way of acting, and Nico poulantzas State, Power, Socialism, that offers a theory about the substitution of the power block as a result of the struggles between the class fractions. This way, with the study of Simón Bolívar s political thinking and Hugo Chávez s political formation and his acts as president of the Republic, it became clear that in Venezuela there was no revolution, for the capitalist characteristics remain in the Venezuelan economy, and the taking of the State by the working class did not occur, but only an exchange of the power block, with the military predominance as a hegemonic class. As a result of Hugo Chávez s phisical disappearence, the decadence of the chavista State started, with a tendency to extinction, due to the absence of Chávez s charisma, his ability to reconcile inner interests inside the chavista movement, and because of the economic crisis which devastates the country
O presente trabalho, intitulado A construção do Estado chavista: a influência bolivariana, foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar o processo pelo qual as idéias políticas produzidas no passado por Simón Bolívar foram recuperadas e instrumentalizadas por Hugo Chávez sob novas circunstâncias históricas. Com o uso da figura histórica de Simón Bolívar como justificativa para suas ações, o estilo de governar de Hugo Chávez variou de tal maneira que foi possível identificar três períodos distintos durante os 14 anos em que esteve à frente do Estado venezuelano. Em cada um desses períodos, a forma como Chávez usava o Estado para se relacionar com a sociedade ia mudando, até que finalmente construíu o que se denomina aqui de Estado chavista. A hipótese norteadora desse trabalho sustenta que Chávez, utilizando-se de Bolívar como justificativa, caminhou politicamente num crescente de disputa política que culminou em um Estado forte, capitalista, de orientação social, com grande concentração de poder na pessoa de Hugo Chávez, e com perseguição a adversários políticos ou qualquer um que se opusesse ao projeto chavista de poder. Para responder a essa hipótese, foi feita uma pesquisa qualitativa, sustentada também por muitos dados oficiais sobre a situação da sociedade e da economia venezuelanas, além de uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica. A tese teve como base o 18 Brumário de Luís Bonaparte, de Karl Marx, na compreensão do bonapartismo, que caracteriza o modo de agir chavista, e a obra O Estado, O Poder, O Socialismo, de Nicos Poulantzas, que teoriza a respeito da substituição do bloco no poder como resultado das lutas entre as frações de classe. Dessa forma, com o estudo do pensamento político de Simón Bolívar e da formação ideológica de Hugo Chávez, somados seus aos atos enquanto Presidente da República, ficou patente que na Venezuela não houve revolução, pois permaneceram os traços capitalistas da economia venezuelana, e não ocorreu a tomada do Estado pela classe trabalhadora, tendo existido apenas a mudança do bloco no poder, com predominância dos militares como classe hegemônica. Com o desaparecimento físico de Hugo Chávez, iniciou-se a decadência do Estado chavista, com tendência ao desaparecimento em virtude da ausência do carisma de Chávez, da sua habilidade de conciliar interesses internos ao chavismo, e em razão da crise econômica que assola o país
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Dréan, Sophie. "Oscillateur de puissance en ondes millimétriques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14726/document.
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Ce travail porte sur l'étude d'un oscillateur de puissance contrôlé en tension en ondes millimétriques. L'objectif de la thèse est de concevoir cet oscillateur pour la bande de fréquence utilisée dans les standards IEEE 802.15.3c, IEEE 802.11ad et ECMA TC48, à savoir 56GHz-65GHz. Le principe de l'oscillateur de puissance est développé autour d'un amplificateur de puissance rebouclé pour engendrer un système oscillant. L'amplificateur de puissance développé est un amplicateur à deux étages. Celui de puissance est de classe E et le driver est de classe F. La boucle de retour est basée sur un vecteur-modulateur. Les circuits ont été fabriqués en technologie CMOS 65nm de STMicroelectronicsThis PhD thesis deals with a Power Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) in millimeter waves. The aim is to design this Power VCO in the frequency band used in the standards IEEE 802.15.3c, IEEE 802.11ad and ECMA TC48, meaning from 56GHz to 65GHz. The principle of this oscillator is developed around a power amplifier in a loop, generating an oscillating system. The power amplifier is developed in a two-stage topology. The power stage is composed with a 60GHz class E cascoded amplifier and the driver stage is composed of a 60GHz class F amplifier. The feedback of the loop is based on a vector-modulator. The circuits have been realised in 65nm CMOS technology from STMicroelectronics
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Maciel, Aline Fernanda. "Nosostros gobierno!: participação e organização dos trabalhadores nos cordones industriales de Santiago e empresas nacionalizadas de Tomé durante o governo de Allende (1970-1973)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-22102015-113635/.
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Em 1970, Salvador Allende foi eleito presidente do Chile através de uma coalização de esquerda, a Unidade Popular (UP), que propunha um conjunto de profundas transformações politicas, econômicas e sociais para o país como forma de transição ao socialismo. O governo da UP gerou inúmeras expectativas nos trabalhadores, campesinos e demais setores pobres do país e propôs um sistema de participação popular que junto com a nacionalização das riquezas formava um dos eixos centrais do seu programa. Esta dissertação trata das experiências dos trabalhadores nos cordones industriales (cordões industriais) localizados em Santiago e das indústrias têxteis nacionalizadas da cidade de Tomé. Os cordões foram complexos industriais de trabalhadores formados inicialmente como resposta a um paro patronal que ocorreu em outubro de 1972. Nas empresas nacionalizadas de Tomé os trabalhadores também participaram fortemente nas operações das empresas e no processo político. Houve inúmeras mobilizações dos setores populares no período em defesa do governo e como forma de pressiona-lo para avançar nas mudanças que extrapolou os meros níveis institucionais. Buscamos compreender a dinâmica de funcionamento destes organismos de poder popular e como se deu a participação dos trabalhadores nas estruturas de funcionamento das indústrias e a relação dos cordões e dos trabalhadores nas empresas nacionalizadas com o governo, os partidos políticos e os sindicatos. Embora com dinâmicas distintas, os cordões e as organizações de trabalhadores nas indústrias têxteis representaram novas formas de organização dos trabalhadores baseados na solidariedade de classe. Inúmeras ações conjuntas, como greves e mobilizações, foram articuladas, fortalecendo os laços solidários entre os trabalhadores e possibilitando um maior envolvimento no processo de mudança social e econômica. A dissertação está baseada em doze entrevistas com trabalhadores dos cordões e empresas nacionalizadas na época bem com uma leitura extensiva da imprensa sindical e política.In 1970, Salvador Allende was elected president of Chile as leader of a leftist coalition, Popular Unity (UP), proposing a set of deep political, economic and social transformations in the country as a form of transition to socialism. The UP government generated many expectations for workers, peasants and other poor sectors and proposed a system of popular participation which, along with nationalization of wealth, formed one of the central axes of its program. This dissertation deals with the experiences of workers in cordones industriales located in Santiago and nationalized textile industries in the city of Tomé. There were numerous mobilizations of the popular sectors organized in cordones and nationalized companies during this period both in defense of the government against the employers and right-wing offensive and also as a way to advance changes that went beyond mere institutional levels. I seek to understand the working dynamics of these organizations of popular power and the relationship of cordones and nationalized companies with the government, political parties and trade unions. Despite their different dynamics, the cordones and workers organizations in the nationalized textile industries represented new forms of worker organization based on class solidarity. Numerous joint actions, such as strikes and demonstrations were articulated, strengthening the bonds of solidarity between workers and enabling them to take a greater role in the process. The thesis is based on fourteen interviews with workers in the cordones and the nationalized industries of the period as well as an extensive reading of the union and political press.
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Caldas, Maria de Lurdes Martins. "A construção da diferença num arquipélago mestiço: brancos e não-brancos na são Filipe da primeira metade de novecentos." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3821.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Sociais
Especialidade de História dos Factos SociaisNeste trabalho, propõe-se um modelo teórico de interpretação do sistema de relações raciais em São Filipe, ilha do Fogo, Cabo Verde, na primeira metade de Novecentos. Trata-se de uma linha de pesquisa focada nas dinâmicas da percepção e construção da raça e nas determinantes não raciais na explicação da dominação de exterioridade racial. O cruzamento das identificações raciais com outras variáveis (cultura, classe, poder) constitui um quadro de análise permitido pela existência de vasta documentação escrita e iconográfica e pela longevidade de parte considerável da população insular. A metodologia de investigação assenta, pois, na pesquisa documental e na entrevista a informantes qualificados. Os conceitos compósitos de branco e não-branco condensam o essencial da argumentação: ser branco, no Fogo, fazia parte de uma referencialidade simbólica alargada que integrava, para além da biológica, as dimensões cultural e linhagística. Assimetrias profundas e continuadas entre os dois grupos de povoadores – livre europeu e escravo africano – conformaram uma racialidade forte. A rarefacção do capital económico dos brancos, obstando à reprodução simbólica do grupo, e a crescente capitalização material e escolar dos não-brancos diminuiram a importância relativa da raça e do nascimento entre as dimensões significantes da estratificação e heterogeneizaram a composição sócio-racial da elite local.
This work proposes a theoretical interpretation of the racial relationship in Sao Filipe, Fogo, Cape Verde, in the first half of the twentieth century. This is a line of research focused on the dynamics of perception and construction of racial and non-racial determinants in the explanation of racial exteriority domination. The miscegenation of racial identifications with other variables (culture, class, power) is a framework of analysis allowed by the existence of extensive iconographic and written records and by the longevity of part of the islander population. The research methodology is based on documentary research and interviews to qualified informants. The heterogeneous concepts of white and non-white condense the essential of the controversy: being white, in Fogo, was part of a wider symbolic referentiality which included, in addition to biological, cultural and linguistic dimensions. Deep and continuing asymmetries between the two groups of settlers – Europeans and African slaves – conformed strong racial issues. The diminishing of the economic resources of whites, preventing the symbolic reproduction of the group, and the growth of material and scholar capitalization of the non-whites, decreased the relative importance of race and birth amongst the significant dimensions of stratification and heterogenized the socio-racial composition of the local elite
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Santos, Cristhiane Gomes dos. "O caso diário de classe – a verdade: poder e resistência na escola." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6684.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This research aims to describe, analyze and understand the relationship between power and resistance at school through the statements that were produced on the fanpage entitled “Diário de Classe – A Verdade”, created by a teenage student named Isadora Faber in 2012. We treated this research subject from a study about writing on a virtual environment (LÉVY, 1999), the support (MARCUSCHI, 2003) and the genders (BAKHTIN, 2003), as well as the reflections provided by Michel Foucault (1985, 2012, 2014 a, 2015) about the existence of the statements and the relations between power, knowledge and resistance. Therefore, by observing the practice of resistance established with the creation of the fanpage “Diário de Classe – A Verdade”, we investigated the statements that constituted knowledge and power in the discursive field of the social network named Facebook. We developed a qualitative research applied to a case study, guiding us in the postulates of the French discourse analysis, especially in Foucault's contributions to perform a discursive analysis of this network that provides practices of resistance and power. We understand the method as a way to go to reach the researched subject and, thus, we consider the notion of the device as a map to guide us on this path. As we looked at this practice, we questioned what are the conditions of existence of the statements found on this fanpage, seeking to understand them in a bundle of relations. We found that the fanpage in study served to demand improvements and report possible irregularities in the school environment which Isadora Faber was part of, working as a form of resistance to submission and also to the attempts to silence in that environment. The analyzed data allow us to glimpse important aspects of the power relations in a school setting. From the study of these statements on, we found evidence that the school rejects libertarian practices, indicating that it is still a disciplinary institution. The analysis of the data leads us to conclude that an assault against power can be considered a basic condition of the care of both the self and of the other.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal descrever, analisar e compreender a relação entre poder e resistência na escola por meio dos enunciados que foram produzidos na fanpage Diário de Classe – A Verdade, criada pela estudante adolescente Isadora Faber, em 2012. Tratamos este objeto de pesquisa a partir de um estudo sobre a produção em ambiente virtual (LÉVY, 1999), o suporte (MARCUSCHI, 2003) e os gêneros (BAKHTIN, 2003), bem como das reflexões proporcionadas por Michel Foucault (1985, 2012, 2014 a, 2015) a respeito da existência dos enunciados e as relações entre poder, saber e resistência. Deste modo, pela observação da prática de resistência instaurada com a criação da fanpage Diário de Classe – A Verdade, investigamos os enunciados que constituíram saberes e poderes no campo discursivo da rede social Facebook. Desenvolvemos uma pesquisa qualitativa aplicada a um estudo de caso, pautando-nos nos postulados da Análise do Discurso de orientação francesa, principalmente nas contribuições de Foucault, para realizar uma análise discursiva desta rede de práticas de resistência e poder. Compreendemos o método como um caminho a ser percorrido até o objeto pesquisado e, assim, consideramos a noção de dispositivo como um mapa que nos guia nesse percurso. Ao lançarmos nosso olhar sobre esta prática, questionamos quais as condições de existência dos enunciados encontrados nesta fanpage, buscando compreendê-los em um feixe de relações. Verificamos que a fanpage em estudo serviu para exigir melhorias e denunciar possíveis irregularidades no ambiente escolar do qual Isadora Faber fazia parte, funcionando como forma de resistência à submissão e às tentativas de silenciamento naquele ambiente. Os dados analisados nos permitem vislumbrar aspectos relevantes das relações de poder em um ambiente escolar, pois a partir do estudo destes enunciados encontramos evidências de que a escola rejeita práticas libertárias, indicando que ainda é uma instituição disciplinadora. A análise dos dados nos leva a concluir que uma investida contra o poder pode ser considerada uma condição básica do cuidado de si e do outro.
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Penha, Francislanda Rodrigues. "Representações midiáticas da pobreza: o programa "Esquenta!" e o reposicionamento do discurso sobre os pobres na tv brasileira." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3267.
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This research aims to analyze the network of symbolic statements built along the story about the categories poor / poverty and, more specifically, discussing the recent speeches made on those groups within the brazilian television, finding the continuities and ruptures that have these forms of social representation that arc on TV a support provided with their own skills and language. Through literature review that is closer to the conceptual issues analysis of determinants of poverty, their subjects and living spaces, the work also discusses the nature of social representations, the dynamics of relationships that bring symbolic patterns of sociability, the meanings attributed to the social class and contours that concept to the organization acquires the company and the construction and recognition of collective identities that form in this context. The post-colonial theory and the Cultural Latin American Studies guide this analysis.
A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a rede simbólica de enunciados construídos ao longo da história acerca das categorias pobre/pobreza e, mais precisamente, discutir os recentes discursos produzidos sobre esses grupos no âmbito da televisão brasileira, encontrando as continuidades e rupturas que se apresentam nessas formas de representação social que encontram na televisão um suporte dotado de técnicas e linguagem próprias. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica que se aproxima das questões conceituais determinantes da análise sobre pobreza, seus sujeitos e espaços de convivência, o trabalho também discute a natureza das representações sociais, a dinâmica das relações simbólicas que aportam padrões de sociabilidade; os sentidos atribuídos à classe social e os contornos que tal conceito adquire perante a organização da sociedade, bem como da construção e reconhecimento das identidades coletivas que se formam nesse contexto. O olhar pós-colonialista e os Estudos Culturais Latino-Americanos guiam essa análise e, a fim de compreender quais interpretações e percepções os sujeitos de baixa renda desenvolvem a partir da recepção de dicotômicas representações televisivas da pobreza. À análise do discurso do programa Esquenta!, soma-se o conteúdo analítico obtido a partir de entrevistas realizadas com jovens moradores de um bairro periférico de Goiânia.
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Oliveira, Thiago Barison de. "Nicos Poulantzas e o direito: um estudo de poder político e classes sociais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-15062011-140808/.
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A presente dissertação tem por objeto o pensamento de Nicos Poulantzas (1936-1979), filósofo grego, radicado na França e dedicado à teoria política marxista. Embora este pensador atravesse pelo menos três fases teóricas, em que produz sobre bases filosóficas diferentes, sendo a primeira produção, inclusive, especificamente sobre o direito, optamos pelo enfoque sobre Poder Político e Classes Sociais, com a qual se consagrou no ocidente do pós-guerra como um dos mais influentes \"cientistas políticos\" marxistas. Ademais, os pesquisadores poulantzianos brasileiro, salvo nossa ignorância, valem-se primordialmente de tal obra, que constitui, segundo seus intérpretes, uma das poucas tentativas de teorização sistemática dentro do pensamento marxista a respeito do Estado e da política do modo de produção capitalista. Desse esforço emerge o quadro teórico sob o qual se pode compreender o direito das sociedades capitalistas. Este é, pois, nosso objetivo principal. Para tanto, faz-se necessária uma apresentação da releitura global do pensamento de Marx empreendida pelo filósofo Louis Althusser e seus seguidores, que fornecem as bases para essa contribuição poulantziana. Trata-se, desde logo, de um conjunto de teses e conceitos marcados por um caráter polêmico e inovador. Há toda uma conjuntura histórica e teórica que abriu o espaço para semelhante \"revolução\" dentro e fora do pensamento marxista. Foge ao tema desta dissertação, contudo, aprofundarmo-nos no debate posto por Althusser: pretendemos apenas trazer a lume os elementos essenciais para a compreensão do núcleo teórico poulantziano contido em PPCS. E para chegar ao núcleo teórico poulantziano, propomo-nos a percorrer os caminhos que levaram o próprio autor à obra aqui estudada com principalidade. Retomaremos aos textos anteriores a PPCS em busca do processo de pensamento de Poulantzas. Buscaremos apreender suas contradições, suas dificuldades, as novidades, o motor desse processo e suas modificações e resultados. No entanto, isto só é possível à luz da contribuição de seus intérpretes, críticos e de uma outra teoria marxista do direito. Faremos, então, intervir nesta observação as lentes de Pachukanis, com quem os artigos preparatórios de P PCS dialogam constantemente. Neste confronto em especial, pretendemos assinalar as diferenças entre os autores, expor as descontinuidades e cesuras dentro dos elementos essenciais que os mantém, todavia, no mesmo campo materialista¬histórico de pesquisa. Sendo Poulantzas muito afeito aos debates epistemológicos e metodológicos, pretendemos, ainda, mostrar como sua adesão à plataforma althusseriana contribui para a formação da concepção do direito que opõe às teses de Pachukanis. Ao fazermos esse confronto arriscamos interpretações de maior alcance e ousadia sobre o pensamento de Poulantzas, apontando para o que ele não vê, para suas ambigüidades e dificuldades teóricas depois observadas na \"teoria regional do político\" e para as possibilidades abertas a trabalhos de retificação crítica, aprofundamento e desenvolvimento de sua teoria. Por fim, mantendo-nos sempre no terreno de sua fase althusseriana, traremos à dissertação os desenvolvimentos posteriores a PPCS, sem avançar sobre as próprias críticas e revisões que Poulantzas anuncia em sua derradeira obra - O Estado, o Poder e o Socialismo. Ou seja, traremos considerações ali contidas tão somente na exata medida que apenas prolonguem o diálogo com Pachukanis e com a teoria do direito extraída ao longo da dissertação.A presente dissertação tem por objeto o pensamento de Nicos Poulantzas (1936-1979), filósofo grego, radicado na França e dedicado à teoria política marxista. Embora este pensador atravesse pelo menos três fases teóricas, em que produz sobre bases filosóficas diferentes, sendo a primeira produção, inclusive, especificamente sobre o direito, optamos pelo enfoque sobre Poder Político e Classes Sociais, com a qual se consagrou no ocidente do pós-guerra como um dos mais influentes \"cientistas políticos\" marxistas. Ademais, os pesquisadores poulantzianos brasileiro, salvo nossa ignorância, valem-se primordialmente de tal obra, que constitui, segundo seus intérpretes, uma das poucas tentativas de teorização sistemática dentro do pensamento marxista a respeito do Estado e da política do modo de produção capitalista. Desse esforço emerge o quadro teórico sob o qual se pode compreender o direito das sociedades capitalistas. Este é, pois, nosso objetivo principal. Para tanto, faz-se necessária uma apresentação da releitura global do pensamento de Marx empreendida pelo filósofo Louis Althusser e seus seguidores, que fornecem as bases para essa contribuição poulantziana. Trata-se, desde logo, de um conjunto de teses e conceitos marcados por um caráter polêmico e inovador. Há toda uma conjuntura histórica e teórica que abriu o espaço para semelhante \"revolução\" dentro e fora do pensamento marxista. Foge ao tema desta dissertação, contudo, aprofundarmo-nos no debate posto por Althusser: pretendemos apenas trazer a lume os elementos essenciais para a compreensão do núcleo teórico poulantziano contido em PPCS. E para chegar ao núcleo teórico poulantziano, propomo-nos a percorrer os caminhos que levaram o próprio autor à obra aqui estudada com principalidade. Retomaremos aos textos anteriores a PPCS em busca do processo de pensamento de Poulantzas. Buscaremos apreender suas contradições, suas dificuldades, as novidades, o motor desse processo e suas modificações e resultados. No entanto, isto só é possível à luz da contribuição de seus intérpretes, críticos e de uma outra teoria marxista do direito. Faremos, então, intervir nesta observação as lentes de Pachukanis, com quem os artigos preparatórios de P PCS dialogam constantemente. Neste confronto em especial, pretendemos assinalar as diferenças entre os autores, expor as descontinuidades e cesuras dentro dos elementos essenciais que os mantém, todavia, no mesmo campo materialista¬histórico de pesquisa. Sendo Poulantzas muito afeito aos debates epistemológicos e metodológicos, pretendemos, ainda, mostrar como sua adesão à plataforma althusseriana contribui para a formação da concepção do direito que opõe às teses de Pachukanis. Ao fazermos esse confronto arriscamos interpretações de maior alcance e ousadia sobre o pensamento de Poulantzas, apontando para o que ele não vê, para suas ambigüidades e dificuldades teóricas depois observadas na \"teoria regional do político\" e para as possibilidades abertas a trabalhos de retificação crítica, aprofundamento e desenvolvimento de sua teoria. Por fim, mantendo-nos sempre no terreno de sua fase althusseriana, traremos à dissertação os desenvolvimentos posteriores a PPCS, sem avançar sobre as próprias críticas e revisões que Poulantzas anuncia em sua derradeira obra - O Estado, o Poder e o Socialismo. Ou seja, traremos considerações ali contidas tão somente na exata medida que apenas prolonguem o diálogo com Pachukanis e com a teoria do direito extraída ao longo da dissertação.
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Ferreira, Vicente Luíz Simões. "RELIGIÃO E POLÍTICA Análise histórico-crítica das relações de poder entre o campesinato judaíta e a classe sacerdotal jerusolimitana no período pós-exílico." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2012. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/243.
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Previous issue date: 2012-09-28Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Partindo do pressuposto de que o laicismo preconiza uma separação radical entre Estado e Igreja, procuro demonstrar nesta tese, a partir de um recorte na história do Judaísmo que estas duas dimensões estiveram profundamente presentes em seu período inicial de formação. Esta tese se constitui como uma espécie de desconstrução da história tradicionalmente aceita pelos diferentes credos que utilizam o Antigo Testamento como fundamento de seu corpo doutrinal. Estabeleci as relações de poder, que se efetivaram entre os dois grupos sociais mais importantes dentro do contexto destacado, como meu objeto de pesquisa privilegiado. Por um lado tem-se o poder religioso, que sustentado por um projeto de caráter eminentemente político, subverteu a seu favor toda uma ordem natural na qual estavam alicerçadas, por outro lado, diferentes sociedades tribais. Nesse sentido o judaísmo se configurou como um sistema de crença que justificou e legitimou a classe sacerdotal jerusolimitana como classe dominante em toda a província de Judá. Manipulando os dados da tradição tribal a seu favor, a classe sacerdotal, não somente passou a dominar religiosamente as pessoas que habitavam a região da província de Judá, mas transformou os membros destas sociedades tribais em camponeses escravizados a um sistema de crença extremamente opressor. Segundo a tese de Marcel Gauchet, o judaísmo como ponto de partida da revelação judaico-cristã, se mostra, conforme o conceito weberiano de desencantamento do mundo , como início de um processo, onde a religião institucionalizada se tornou saída da religião . Processo esse, que teve seu clímax no período da modernidade e que nesse início de século XXI se vê num momento de transição quando passa a um novo período, isto é, à pós-modernidade: nesse sentido já se pode entrever seu ocaso.
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Mano, Maíra Kubik Taveira 1982. "Legislar sobre "mulheres" : relações de poder na Câmara Federal." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281208.
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Orientador: Maria Lygia Quartim de MoraesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Nessa tese, investigo a atuação da Bancada Feminina na Câmara dos Deputados na 54a Legislatura (2011-2014). Considero as parlamentares que a integram como sujeitos posicionados do mesmo lado da divisão sexual do trabalho e que se agrupam para fazer uma oposição sistemática à sua inferioridade hierárquica socialmente construída. São também, contudo, um coletivo heterogêneo. Dessa maneira, debruço-me sobre sua atuação para compreender suas convergências, divergências e limitações
Abstract: In this thesis, I investigate the activities of the "Bancada Feminina" of the House of Representatives in the 54th Legislature (from 2011 to 2014). I believe parliamentarian women are positioned on the same side of the sexual division of labor and that they formed this group to make a systematic opposition to its socially constructed hierarchical inferiority. They are, however, a heterogeneous collective. Therefore, I research their actions in order to understand their similarities and differences, as well as their limitations
Doutorado
Ciencias Sociais
Doutora em Ciências Sociais
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Arias, Diego Silva. "A educação na estrutura de poder do capitalismo contemporâneo: atuação da classe social dos gestores na educação brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-08122014-145421/.
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As atuais mudanças no mundo do trabalho são conhecidas como fases de implantação de um novo modelo de capitalismo, a acumulação flexível do capital. Os maiores afetados com estas mudanças são os trabalhadores, pois a flexibilização defendida é a flexibilização que faz com que o trabalhador não seja mais dono de seu próprio caráter e que possa se dobrar de acordo com os interesses do capital. Sem ocorrer de forma mais amena o campo da educação formal também passa por mudanças em seus conteúdos e estrutura de funcionamento. Novas competências devem agora ser trabalhadas pelos professores e demais educadores para formar um novo tipo de ser humano, capaz de lidar com as exigências e incertezas do atual capitalismo. A conexão legal entre estes dois campos pedagógicos as relações sociais de trabalho e as instituições formais de ensino se faz, em nossa análise, por meio do Estado. Nesta pesquisa propomos realizar uma análise sobre a importância da introdução da noção de competências no meio educacional para o processo de desenvolvimento do atual estágio do modo de produção capitalista, por meio da abordagem sobre a elaboração de políticas públicas para a educação básica brasileira. Nossa proposta se pauta no desenvolvimento de análises sobre o processo integração do capitalismo por meio da atuação da classe social dos gestores e da articulação entre o Estado Amplo e o Estado Restrito, constituindo uma estrutura de poder capaz de envolver e reger diversos aspectos da organização da sociedade.The recent changes in the working world are known as the implementation stages of a new kind of capitalism, the capital flexible accumulation. The workers are the most affected by this changes, once the defended flexibilization is the flexibilization that turns the worker no longer the owner of his own character and that can submit according to the capital interests. With the same impact, the formal education field is also experimenting changes in its contents and functioning structure. New competences must now be developed by teachers and other kinds of educators to form a new kind of human being, able to deal with the requirements and uncertainness of the present capitalism. The legal connection between both pedagogical fields the working social relationships and the formal teaching institutions is made, according to our analysis, through the State. In the present research, we propose to analyze the impact of the introduction of the competences notion in the educational field into the development process of the present stage of the capitalist way of producing, through the approach of the construction of Brazilian basic educational public policy. Our proposal is based on developing analysis about the process of integration of the capitalism through the actuation of the social class of the managers and the articulation between the Wide State and the Restrict State, constituting a structure of power able to involve and many aspects of the social organization.
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Sutula, Stepan. "Low-power high-resolution cmos switched-capacitor delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters for sensor applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667348.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral explora mètodes per augmentar tant l'eficiència energètica com la resolució de convertidors analògic-digital (ADCs) Delta-Sigma de condensadors commutats mitjançant innovadors circuits CMOS de baix consum. En aquest sentit, s'ha prioritzat un alt rendiment, fiabilitat i baixos costos de fabricació dels circuits, així com un flux de disseny simple per ser reutilitzat per la comunitat científica.
S'ha escollit l'arquitectura Delta-Sigma per la seva simplicitat i la tolerància a les imperfeccions dels seus blocs bàsics. La recerca de circuits presentada utilitza tècniques de condensadors commutats per aconseguir un aparellament adequat entre els dispositius i per tenir dependència només de la fluctuació del rellotge extern.
Les tècniques de disseny de circuits analògics de baix corrent desenvolupades tenen com a objectiu l'eficiència energètica, aprofitant les regions d'inversió feble i moderada d'operació del transistor MOS.
També s'investiguen nous amplificadors operacionals Classe AB com a elements actius, tractant d'utilitzar energia només durant les transicions dinàmiques, el que redueix el consum de potència a nivell de circuit. Els circuits no utilitzats durant un determinat període de temps es desactiven, reduint així el consum de potència a nivell de sistema i minimitzant el nombre de dispositius de commutació en el camí de senyal.
S'ha millorat la fiabilitat dels circuits proposats evitant els elevadors de tensió o altres tècniques que poden incrementar els voltatges d'operació més enllà del d'alimentació nominal de la tecnologia CMOS utilitzada. A més, per incrementar el rendiment de producció dels ADCs resultants, s'ha enfocat la recerca de disseny sobre noves topologies de circuits amb una baixa sensibilitat a les variacions tant del procés de fabricació com de la temperatura.
Un modulador Delta-Sigma de 96.6 dB de SNDR, 50 kHz d'ample de banda, 1.8 V i 7.9 mW per a ADCs s'ha implementat en una tecnologia estàndard CMOS de 0.18 µm basat en les novetats proposades. Els resultats de les mesures indiquen la millora de l'estat de l'art d'ADCs d'alta resolució sense elevadors de tensió del senyal de rellotge, calibratge o compensació digital, fet que beneficia una àmplia gamma d'aplicacions de sensors intel·ligents.
Una altra contribució en el marc d'aquest treball de recerca és la millora dels amplificadors operacionals de Classe AB d'una sola etapa exclusivament MOS. Els amplificadors commutats de mirall variable desenvolupats, amb la seva remarcable eficiència de corrent i compensació intrínseca de freqüència juntament amb un fons d'escala i un guany de llaç obert grans, són adequats per a un ample ventall d'aplicacions de baix consum i d'alta precisió més enllà de l'àmbitThis PhD thesis explores methods to increase both the power efficiency and the resolution of switched-capacitor Delta-Sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) by employing novel CMOS low-power circuits. A high circuit performance, reliability, low manufacturing costs and a simple design flow to be reused by the scientific community are prioritized. The Delta-Sigma architecture is chosen because of its simplicity and tolerance for its basic block imperfections. The presented circuit research makes use of switched-capacitor techniques to achieve an appropriate matching between the devices and to be dependent only on the external clock jitter. The developed low-current analog circuit techniques target power efficiency, taking advantage of the weak- and moderate-inversion regions of the MOS transistor operation. Novel Class-AB operational amplifiers are also investigated as active elements, trying to use energy only for dynamic transitions, thus reducing power consumption at the circuit level. The circuits unused during a certain period of time are switched off, thus reducing power consumption at the system level and minimizing the number of signal-path switching devices. The circuit reliability is improved by avoiding bootstrapping or other techniques which may increase the operation voltages beyond the nominal supply of the target CMOS technology. Furthermore, the design research also focuses on new circuit topologies with a low sensitivity to both process and temperature deviations in order to increase the yield of the resulting ADCs. A 96.6-dB-SNDR 50-kHz-BW 1.8-V 7.9-mW Delta-Sigma modulator for ADCs is implemented in a standard 0.18-µm CMOS technology based on the proposed novelties. The measurement results indicate the improvement of the state of the art of high-resolution ADCs without clock bootstrapping, calibration or digital compensation, benefiting a wide range of smart sensing applications. Another contribution made in the scope of this research work is the improvement of MOS-only single-stage Class-AB operational amplifiers. The developed switched variable-mirror amplifiers, with their remarkable current efficiency and intrinsic frequency compensation together with high full-scale value and open-loop gain, are suitable for low-power high-precision applications extending beyond the specific area of ADCs, such as digital-to-analog converters (DACs), filters or generators.
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Adamy, Irene Spies. "Formação e organização política da classe dominante agrária: a Sociedade Rural do Oeste do Paraná." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2010. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1761.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-31The present study refers to the formation and organization of the Agrarian fraction of the upper class in the West of Paraná. It also analyzes its union, called Rural Society of the West of Paraná (SRO). The formation of that fraction happened in two different moments: the first one happened when the land was occupied, a process that interfered directly in the land titling issue. The city of Cascavel is influenced by the presence of large land properties and by the economic and political power of their owners. The second moment refers to the conservative modernization of the Brazilian fields, which contributed to the consolidation of the agricultural land-owners power .However, this process is not absolute and undisputed. In the decade of 1980, the Brazil s Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) appears as a movement in national basis, struggling for the Agrarian Reform and for a new model for the production and use of the land in Brazilian agriculture, which caused conflicts and confrontations, many of them involving violence and death. The SRO is a space for the land-owners to establish their leadership and to organize themselves in order to maintain their hegemonic condition, revealing their conservative way of thinking. Therefore, the present study intends to analyze the SRO organization and its moves to maintain its power, according to the theory written by Antonio Gramsci
Este estudo refere-se à formação e organização política da fração agrária da classe dominante na região Oeste do Paraná, a partir de sua entidade de classe, a Sociedade Rural do Oeste do Paraná. A origem desta fração de classe encontra-se em dois momentos distintos: o primeiro, quando da ocupação e (re)ocupação da terra, cujo processo interferiu diretamente na estrutura fundiária do município de Cascavel, marcada pela presença do latifúndio, base material sobre a qual se assenta o poder econômico e político dos agropecuaristas; e, o segundo, quando da modernização conservadora implantada no campo brasileiro durante as décadas de 1960, 1970 e 1980, que contribuiu para consolidar o latifúndio e o poder de seus proprietários. Porém este poder não é absoluto e inconteste. Ainda na década de 1980, o MST assumiu sua condição de movimento social em nível nacional, na luta por reforma agrária e por um novo modelo de uso da terra e de produção para a agricultura brasileira, desencadeando conflitos e confrontos, não poucas vezes marcados pela violência e morte. Neste enfrentamento, os grandes proprietários rurais tiveram na SRO o seu espaço de organização, mobilização e liderança nas ações efetivadas, revelando seu caráter classista e conservador. Portanto, este trabalho busca analisar, a luz da teoria de Antonio Gramsci, como esta fração de classe vem se organizando e reorganizando, a fim de manter sua condição hegemônica
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Alberti, Lauren. "Feasting at the Palaces of Mycenae and Pylos: Spatial Considerations and the Manipulation of Ideological Power." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613590.
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Feasting has always been an important cultural activity in the Aegean Bronze Age; however, it is during the Mycenaean period in the Late Bronze Age when feasting appears to facilitate the elites' hold and manipulation of the social hierarchy. At this time, the palatial centers were the political, economic, and religious seats of the Mycenaean world, used to host particular feasting events tied to religious ritual. The feast was a dynamic event that associated the elite with religious ritual in the form of a procession and sacrifice as the iconography of the Pylian frescoes, textual evidence from the Linear B tablets, and archaeological evidence suggests. These events, for the most part, seem to have been inclusive while certain parts were more selective regarding who could participate. This further distinguished the Mycenaean elites in front of a wider audience of individuals and subjects attending the feast and associated events, working to maintain stability in the social hierarchy. The built environment was particularly important for distinguishing those participating in feasting events as it added to the event's grandeur with the monumentality of the space, and restricted those able to participate with regard to smaller locales that had a low capacity and narrower entryways preventing accessibility. With Mycenae and Pylos as case studies, this research uses spatial analyses to see how inclusive potential feasting locales were.
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Zhang, Lujie. "Load-Independent Class-E Power Conversion." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97601.
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The Class-E topology was presented as a single-switch power amplifier with high efficiency at the optimum condition, where the switch enjoys zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and zero-voltage-derivative switching (ZDS). It is also used in MHz dc-dc converters, and in inverters for wireless power transfer, induction heating, and plasma pulsing. The load current in these applications usually varies over a range. Efficiency of a conventional Class-E design degrades dramatically due to the hard switching beyond the optimum conditions. Keeping ZVS with load change in a Class-E topology is preferred within the load range.
Soft switching with load variation is realized by duty cycle modulation with additional transformer, matching network, or resistance compression network. Since two ZVS requirements need to be satisfied in a conventional Class-E design, at least two parameters are tuned under load variation. Thus, changing switching frequency, duty cycle, and component values were used. Impressively, a load-independent Class-E inverter design was presented in 1990 for maintaining ZVS and output voltage under a given load change without tuning any parameters, and it was validated with experimental results recently. The operating principle of this special design (inconsistent with the conventional design) is not elucidated in the published literatures.
Load-independency illucidation by a Thevenin Model – A Thevenin model is then established (although Class-E is a nonliear circuit) to explain the load-independency with fixed switching frequency and duty cycle. The input block of a Class-E inverter (Vin, Lin, Cin, and S) behaves as a fixed voltage source vth1 and a fixed capacitive impedance Xth1 in series at switching frequency. When the output block (Lo and Co) is designed to compensate Xth1, the output current phase is always equal to the phase of vth1 with resistive load (satisfies the ZVS requirement of a load-independent design). Thus, soft switching is maintained within load variation. Output voltage is equal to vth1 since Xth1 is canceled, so that the output voltage is constant regardless of output resistance. Load-independency is achieved without adding any components or tuning any parameters.
Sequential design and tuning of a load-independent ZVS Class-E inverter with constant voltage based on Thevenin Model - Based on the model, it's found that each circuit parameter is linked to only one of the targeted performance (ZVS, fixed voltage gain, and load range). Thus, the sequential design equations and steps are derived and presented. In each step, the desired performance (e.g. ZVS) now could be used to check and tune component values so that ZVS and fixed voltage gain in the desired load range is guaranteed in the final Class-E inverter, even when component values vary from the expectations. The Thevenin model and the load-independent design is then extended to any duty cycles. A prototype switched at 6.78 MHz with 10-V input, 11.3-V output, and 22.5-W maximum output power was fabricated and tested to validate the theory. Soft switching is maintained with 3% output voltage variation while the output power is reduced tenfold.
A load-independent ZVS Class-E inverter with constant current by combining constant voltage design and a trans-susceptance network - A load-independent ZVS Class-E inverter with constant current under load variation is then presented, by combining the presented design (generating a constant voltage) and a trans-susceptance network (transferring the voltage to current). The impact of different types and the positions of the networks are discussed, and LCL network is selected so that both constant current and soft switching are maintained within the load variation. The operation principle, design, and tuning procedures are illustrated. The trade-off between input current ripple, output current amplitude, and the working load range is discussed. The expectations were validated by a design switched at 6.78 MHz with 10-V input, 1.4-A output, and 12.6-W maximum output power. Soft switching is maintained with 16% output current varying over a 10:1 output power range.
A "ZVS" Class-E dc-dc converter by adding a diode rectifier bridge and compensate the induced varying capacitance at full-load condition - The load-independent Class-E design is extended to dc-dc converter by adding a diode rectifier bridge followed by the Class-E inverter. The equivalent impedance seen by the inverter consists of a varying capacitance and a varying resistance when the output changes. As illustrated before, ZVS and constant output can only be maintained with resistive load. Since the varying capacitance cannot be compensated for the whole load range, performance with using different compensation is discussed. With the selected full-load compensation, ZVS is achieved at full load condition and slight non-ZVS occurs for the other load conditions. The expectation was validated by a dc-dc converter switched at 6.78 MHz with 11 V input, 12 V output, and 22 W maximum output power. ZVS (including slight non-ZVS) is maintained with 16% output voltage variation over 20:1 output power range.
Design of variable Capacitor by connecting two voltage-sensitive capacitors in series and controlling the bias voltage of them - The equivalent varying capacitance in the Class-E dc-dc converter can be compensated in the whole load range only with variable component. The sensitivity of a Class-E power conversion can also be improved by using variable capacitors. Thus, a Voltage Controlled Capacitor (VCC) is presented, based on the intrinsic property of Class II dielectric materials that permittivity changing much with electric field. Its equivalent circuit consists of two identical Class II capacitors in series. By changing the voltage of the common point of the two capacitors (named as control voltage), the two capacitance and the total capacitance are both changed. Its operation principle, measured characteristic, and the SPICE model are illustrated. The capacitance changes from 1 μF to 0.2 μF with a control voltage from 0 V to 25 V, resulting a 440% capacitance range. Since the voltage across the two capacitors (named as output voltage) also affects one of the capacitance when control voltage is applied, the capacitance range drops to only 40% with higher bias in the output voltage. Thus, a Linear Variable Capacitor (LVC) is presented. The equivalent circuit is the same as VCC, while one of the capacitance is designed much higher to mitigate the effect of output voltage. The structure, operational principle, required specifications, design procedures, and component selection were validated by a design example, with 380% maximum capacitance range and less than 20% drop in the designed capacitor voltage range.
This work contributes to
• Analytical analysis and Thevenin Model in load-independent Class-E power conversion
• Variable capacitance with wide rangeDoctor of Philosophy
The Class-E topology was presented as a single-switch power amplifier with high efficiency at the optimum condition. Efficiency of a conventional Class-E design degrades with load variation dramatically due to the hard switching beyond the optimum conditions. Since two requirements need to be satisfied for soft switching in a conventional Class-E design, at least two parameters are tuned under load variation. Impressively, a load-independent Class-E inverter design was presented for maintaining Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS) and output voltage under a given load change without tuning any parameters, and it was validated with experimental results recently. A Thevenin model is established in this work to explain the realization of load-independency with fixed switching frequency and duty cycle. Based on that, a sequential design and tuning process is presented. A prototype switched at 6.78 MHz with 10-V input, 11.3-V output, and 22.5-W maximum output power was fabricated and tested to validate the theory. Soft switching is maintained with 3% output voltage variation while the output power is reduced tenfold. A load-independent ZVS Class-E inverter with constant current under load variation is then presented, by combining the presented design and a trans-susceptance network. The expectations were validated by a design switched at 6.78 MHz with 10-V input, 1.4-A output, and 12.6-W maximum output power. Soft switching is maintained with 16% output current varying over a 10:1 output power range. The load-independent Class-E design is extended to dc-dc converter by adding a diode rectifier bridge, inducing a varying capacitance. With the selected full-load compensation, ZVS is achieved at full load condition and slight non-ZVS occurs for the other load conditions. The expectation was validated by a dc-dc converter switched at 6.78 MHz with 11 V input, 12 V output, and 22 W maximum output power. ZVS (including slight non-ZVS) is maintained with 16% output voltage variation over 20:1 output power range. The varying capacitance in the Class-E dc-dc converter needs variable component to compensate. Thus, a Voltage Controlled Capacitor (VCC) is presented. The capacitance changes from 1 μF to 0.2 μF with a control voltage from 0 V to 25 V, resulting a 440% capacitance range. The capacitance range drops to only 40% with higher bias in the output voltage. Thus, a Linear Variable Capacitor (LVC) is presented, with 380% maximum capacitance range and less than 20% drop in the designed capacitor voltage range.
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Tsang, Kai Shing. "Class-F Power Amplifier with Maximized PAE." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/371.
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Due to the rapid development of telecommunication devices, operating speeds are getting faster and more power is being consumed by those devices. Therefore, there is a big concern on how to prolong the battery life in order to fit consumers’ needs. Power amplifiers (PA) at the front end of wireless equipment have drawn a big concern from engineers because of their large power consumption in the system. There is a lot research conducted on PA solutions for improving power-added efficiency (PAE) of amplifiers. PAE is a figure of merit representing how efficient the PA converts DC power to RF power. With PAE increased, the device is able to output the same amount of power with less DC power consumed. Non-linear Class-F and Class-F-1 PAs have drawn the most attention among all different classes of PAs from engineers because of their capability of outputting high power and providing good PAE. Class-F boosts up PAE by controlling the harmonic content at the output.
Advanced Design System (ADS) from Agilent is used for design and simulation based on the ADS model of Cree’s CGH40010 high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). A high efficiency power amplifier is fabricated on RT/duroid 5870 high frequency laminate board. In this design, the harmonics at the input are controlled as well as the harmonics at the output. An input wave-shaping network is designed to shape the waveforms at the gate. In this case, the PAE is boosted 30% higher than the PA with only the output wave-shaping network. By terminating harmonics with proper impedances at the output, a square voltage waveform and a half-sine current waveform are obtained at the transistor drain terminal. The overlapping area between the voltage and current waveforms can be reduced as well as the active device power consumption. The final design operating at 1GHz produced a PAE of 89% with 38.35dBm output power in simulation and PAE of 78% with 38.7dBm output power as the result of the IEEE PA design contest.
The thesis has shown the effectiveness of the Class-F PA to boost up PAE by preventing the 2nd and 3rd harmonic power from delivering to the load and shaping the waveforms at the transistor terminals. It also shows the benefit of using radial stubs in wave-shaping networks over open-circuit stubs.
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Oliveira, Walter. "Poder normativo da Justiça do Trabalho : direito formal da classe trabalhadora brasileira." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/4580.
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Picchioni, Marta Serra Young. "À sombra do assembleísmo pedagógico: fazeres escolares democráticos e tecnologias do eu." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-02032010-090923/.
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A presente dissertação tem como objeto de problematização as práticas das assembléias escolares (de classe) e os discursos teórico-acadêmicos que lhes dão sustentação. Por meio de um enfrentamento teórico de inspiração foucaultiana, as práticas escolares entendidas como democrático-participativas são aqui analisadas como mecanismos constituintes de jogos de verdade bastante presentes nos fazeres escolares contemporâneos. Trata-se de tomar as assembléias de classe como fomentadoras de determinadas tecnologias do eu. Consoante à teorização foucaultiana, a noção de eu é aqui reputada como uma construção histórica e social, e as atuais práticas de subjetivação, tendo como lócus a escola e como foco as assembléias de classe, são entendidas como formas de exercício do poder por meio de tecnologias de cunho pastoral. A partir de um deslocamento nas formas de exercer a condução das condutas do poder disciplinar ao biopoder ou psicopoder , tais tecnologias intentam forjar novas subjetividades, denominadas autônomas, críticas e reflexivas. Daí o objetivo principal da pesquisa levada a cabo: colocar em pauta o governo contemporâneo das almas escolares, assim como propor uma reflexão acerca, por um lado, das vicissitudes de uma escola dita democrática, e, por outro, dos limites daquilo que vem sendo denominado democracia escolar. Para tanto, realizou-se um dupla entrada investigativa: de um lado, a observação empírica das assembléias de classe realizadas em uma instituição de ensino da rede pública da cidade de São Paulo e, de outro, a problematização de alguns discursos teórico-acadêmicos sobre a temática das assembléias escolares. Nesse encontro, os acontecimentos empiricamente observados foram organizados de acordo com sete atos analíticos, por meios dos quais tornou-se possível tecer uma analítica das formas de exercício do poder aí em curso. As produtividades escolares contemporâneas e as relações de força que se estabelecem entre os exercícios do poder e da liberdade são retomadas, ao final, como núcleo de nossa argumentação central para questionarmos como atuam as novas modalidades de governo escolar sobre a subjetividade do alunado.The current dissertation was focused on questioning the practices of school assemblies (classroom) and the theoretical and academic discourses that give them support. Through a theoretical confrontation inspired by Michel Foucault, school practices understood as democratic-participatory are discussed here as basic mechanisms of true games quite present in the contemporary school accomplishments. It is taking the classroom assemblies as fueling of certain technologies of the self. Corresponding to the foucaultian theorizing, the notion of self is deemed here as a social and historical construction, and current practices of subjectivity are understood as the exercise of pastoral power. From a shift in ways of perform the conduction of conducts from disciplinary power to bio-power or psycho-power - such technologies intent on forging new subjectivities, called autonomous, critical and reflective. Hence the main objective of the research carried out: to highlight the contemporary government of scholastic souls, as well as to propose a reflection around the theme, in on hand, the way of conduct of a school called democratic, and in the other hand, the limits of what has been called scholastic democracy. Therefore, there was a double investigative entry: the empirical observation of classroom assemblies held in an institution of public education in the city of Sao Paulo and the questioning of some theoretical and academic discourse on the school assemblies. At this intersection point, some events empirically observed were organized according to seven analytical acts, by means of which it became possible to make an analytical review of the exercise of power. The contemporary school productivities and power relations established between the exercise of power and freedom are included at the end as the core of our central argument for questioning how the act the new forms of school government on the subjectivity of students.
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Raavi, Srinivasa. "Design of a Wideband Class J Power Amplifier." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271882/.
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A conventional RF power amplifier will convert the low powered radio frequency signals into high powered signals. Along with the expected ability to increase the communication distance, data transfer rates, RF power amplifiers also have many applications which include military radar system, whether forecasting, etc. The main objective of any power amplifier research is to increase the efficiency while maintaining linearity and broadening the frequency of operation. The main motivation for the renewed interest in PA technology comes from the technical challenges and the economics of modern digital communication systems. Modern communications require high linear power amplifiers and in order to reduce the complete system cost, it is necessary to have a single broadband power amplifier, which can amplify multiple carriers. The improvement in the efficiency of the power amplifier increases the battery life and also reduces the cooling requirements for the same output power. In this thesis, I aim to design and build a wideband class J power amplifier suitable for modern communications. For wideband operation of the GaN technology PA, a bandwidth extension design method is studied and implemented. The simulation results are proved to have a good argument with the theoretical calculations.
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Cowie, Sarah E. "Industrial Capitalism and the Company Town: Structural Power, Bio-Power, and Identity in Nineteenth-Century Fayette, Michigan." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195560.
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This research explores the subtle distribution of power within early American industrial capitalism, as seen in the nineteenth-century company town of Fayette, Michigan. Research methods for the project include GIS-based analysis of the built environment and artifact patterns; the development of a historical ethnography for the town; and archaeological excavations of household refuse excavated from three class-based neighborhoods (an artifact database is attached to this document in CD format). Issues surrounding power and agency are explored in regard to three heuristic categories of power. In the first category, the company imposed a system of structural, class-based power that is most visible in hierarchical differences in pay and housing, as well as consumer behavior. A second category, bio-power, addresses disciplinary activities surrounding health and the human body. The class system extended to discrepancies in the company's regulation of employee health, as observed in medicinal artifacts, disposal patterns of industrial waste, incidence of intestinal parasites, and unequal access to healthcare. In addition, landscape analysis shows how the built environment served as a disciplinary technology to reinforce hegemonic and naturalized class divisions, to regenerate these divisions through symbolic violence and workers' daily practices, and to impose self-regulation. The third ensemble of power relations is pluralistic, heterarcical, and determined by personal identity (e.g., consumer behavior and gender). Individuals drew upon non-economic capital to bolster social status and express identity apart from the corporate hierarchy. This research explores the social impacts of our industrial heritage and the potential repercussions of industrialization today.
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Tsukamoto, Kenichiro. "Politics in Plazas: Classic Maya Ritual Performance at El Palmar, Campeche, Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/339054.
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This dissertation research examines the political significance of plazas in ancient Maya society from the Late Preclassic period through the Terminal Classic period (ca. 150 B.C.- A.D. 900). I consider plazas not as by-products of temples and palaces, but as political arenas in which different social actors created and transformed social realities and values. My primary question is how power relations and ideologies emerge from people's practices and their engagements with materiality--more specifically, the construction of plazas and ritual performances. I address this question through the combination of various methods including the following: spatial analyses based on GIS, extensive excavations, epigraphic studies, and material analyses through petrographic microscopy and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Using these methods, I conducted archaeological research at El Palmar, a Maya polity located in southeastern Campeche of Mexico. During the 2007-2014 field seasons, I investigated eleven plazas in total with eight located in the urban core and three in its outlying areas. The results from the urban core suggest that the power relations at El Palmar changed through time. Such changes are reflected in the designs of both public and exclusive plazas and associated ritual events. The results in the north outlying plaza, where a hieroglyphic stairway was built around A.D.726, further suggest that a group of officials negotiated their status and power with rulers. The protagonist of the event was not an El Palmar ruler but an official who emphasized diplomatic relations with foreign rulers, giving the El Palmar ruler only scant reference. Considering inter-regional contexts, however, they were not only engaged in internal power struggles, but also cooperated to negotiate with foreign dynasties. This complex mechanism of power was closely tied to the remodeling of the plaza and ideological symbolism materialized by mortuary practice, fire rituals, and termination rituals. My dissertation concludes that ritual performances in outlying plazas were not merely a reflection of royal ideology promoted by rulers but could have introduced new power and ideological relations in the community, relations that would be difficult to identify solely through the analysis of the main plaza.