Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Powder or granular activated carbon'
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Kårelid, Victor. "Towards application of activated carbon treatment for pharmaceutical removal in municipal wastewater." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Industriell bioteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196862.
QC 20161124
MistraPharma
DIAS, Albiane Carvalho. "Lodos ativados com adi??o de carv?o ativado no tratamento combinado de lixiviado de aterro sanit?rio e esgoto dom?stico." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2017. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1919.
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The inappropriate management of leachate can cause negative environmental impacts, in order to compromise the availability and quality of natural resources, reason of to their complex composition and high polluter potential. One of the alternatives for the treatment of landfill leachate is its combined treatment with domestic sewage in sewage treatment plants, although higher proportions of the leachate in the sewage could compromise the efficiency of the process. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the combined treatment of landfill leachate and domestic sewage in biomass and activated carbon systems. For this, were used sequential batch reactors in lab-scale and two types of activated carbon - granular (GAC) and pulverized (PAC). The work consisted of two stages, among them they are: the tests where the reactors were fed with different mixtures of leachate/synthetic sewage (0, 2, 5 e 10%) and concentrations of GAC (0, 2, 4 e 6 g/L) operating with residence times 23h and sludge ages 28 days; and tests where the reactors were fed with a mixture of 5% leachate/sewage; fixed a PAC concentration of 6 g/L and were operated on with differents HRT of 23, 16 and 8 hours and sludge ages of 28, 28, and 17 days, respectively. It has been evaluated, the difference between the two types of carbon regarding COD removal efficiency, in the following configurations: fixing the concentration of carbono (6 g/L) and the percentage of leachate in the feed (5% v/v), for the batch time of 23 h and sludge age of 28 d. For the first step, it was possible to verify that the COD removal efficiency was higher in the reactors containing GAC and biomass when comparedes to the reactor containing only biomass. And along this stage of the experiment it was possible to observe that after the increase of leachate concentration in the feed there was a significant drop in COD removal efficiency. In the evaluation of the PACT? process, it was verified that the reactor with HRT of 23 h was the one that presented the best COD and color removal efficiencies the process, 79 and 44%, respectively. In the comparative tests between the two types of carbon, the PAC system proved to be much more efficient in the removal of COD, presenting an average efficiency of 79% when compared to the GAC system (63%).
O gerenciamento inadequado do lixiviado pode causar impactos ambientais negativos, de forma a comprometer a disponibilidade e qualidade dos recursos naturais, devido sua composi??o complexa e seu elevado potencial poluidor. Uma das alternativas para o tratamento de lixiviado de aterros sanit?rios ? o seu tratamento combinado com esgoto dom?stico em esta??es de tratamento de esgoto, embora propor??es mais elevadas do lixiviado no esgoto possam comprometer a efici?ncia do processo. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a efici?ncia do tratamento combinado de lixiviado de aterro sanit?rio e esgoto dom?stico em sistemas com biomassa e carv?o ativado. Para isto, foram utilizados reatores em batelada sequencial em escala de laborat?rio e dois tipos de carv?o ativado- granular (CAG) e pulverizado (CAP). O trabalho foi constitu?do de duas etapas, dentre elas est?o: os ensaios onde os reatores foram alimentados com diferentes misturas de lixiviado/esgoto sint?tico (0, 2, 5 e 10%) e concentra??es de CAG (0, 2, 4 e 6 g/L) operando com tempos de resid?ncia de 23 h e idades do lodo de 28 dias; e ensaios onde os reatores foram alimentados com uma mistura de 5% de lixiviado/esgoto, fixado uma concentra??o de CAP de 6 g/L e foram operados com diferentes tempos de resid?ncia de 23, 16 e 8 horas e idades de lodo de 28, 28, e 17 dias, respectivamente. Avaliou-se, ainda, a diferen?a entre os dois tipos de carv?o quanto ? efici?ncia de remo??o de DQO, nas seguintes configura??es: fixando a concentra??o de carv?o (6 g/L) e o percentual de lixiviado na alimenta??o (5% v/v), para o tempo de batelada de 23 h e idade do lodo de 28 d. Para a primeira etapa, foi poss?vel verificar que a efici?ncia de remo??o de DQO foi superior nos reatores contendo CAG e biomassa quando comparados ao reator contendo apenas biomassa. E ao longo desta etapa do experimento foi poss?vel observar que ap?s o aumento da concentra??o de lixiviado na alimenta??o houve queda significativa na efici?ncia de remo??o de DQO. Na avalia??o do processo PACT?, verificou-se que o reator com tempo de resid?ncia de 23 h foi o que apresentou as melhores efici?ncias de remo??o de DQO e cor do processo, 79 e 44%, respectivamente. Nos testes comparativos entre os dois tipos de carv?o, o sistema com CAP mostrou-se muito mais eficiente na remo??o de DQO, apresentando efici?ncia m?dia de 79%, quando comparado ao sistema com CAG (63%).
Hatt, Juliette W. "Pretreatment options for municipal wastewater reuse using membrane technology." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10200.
Karimi-Jashni, Ayoub. "Electrochemical reactivation of granular activated carbon." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6200.
Cen, Jianqi. "Electrochemical regeneration of granular activated carbon." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6754.
Leyva-Ramos, Roberto, Raul Ocampo-Perez, Oliva L. Torres-Rivera, Maria S. Berber-Mendoza, and Nahum A. Medellin-Castillo. "Kinetics of pyridine adsorption onto granular activated carbon." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-191056.
Leyva-Ramos, Roberto, Raul Ocampo-Perez, Oliva L. Torres-Rivera, Maria S. Berber-Mendoza, and Nahum A. Medellin-Castillo. "Kinetics of pyridine adsorption onto granular activated carbon." Diffusion fundamentals 11 (2009) 83, S. 1-2, 2009. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14054.
Lissaneddine, Amina. "Formulation d’adsorbant à base de matériaux naturels et leurs combinaisons au procédé électrochimique pour traiter des effluents industriels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0296.
Olive mill technology generates a considerable amount of solid (olive pomace) and liquid (olive mill wastewater) by-products during olives milling season, usually between November and March. These wastes represent a great challenge for olive oil producers since they must find technical, environmental and economical solutions to manage these by-products. The main objective of this thesis was to explore and propose a complete cycle of olive mill wastes treatment. This is in the framework of a zero liquid and waste discharge approach and promotes the circular economy concept. Two sorbents based on olive pomace chemical activation, i.e., powdered activated carbon within composite alginate beads and granular activated carbon (GAC), were successfully synthetized. Both materials had a structure and a porous morphology that revealed their feasibilities as potential and low-cost bio-sorbents. They were employed in either adsorption or electrosorption for phenolic compounds (PCs) recovery from olive mill wastewater (OMWW). The adsorption of PCs fitted second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.997) and Langmuir isotherms (R2 = 0.995). The thermodynamic parameters for the PCs adsorption onto the bio-adsorbent suggested a spontaneous nature of adsorption, an endothermic reaction and a modification of bio-adsorbent surface during the adsorption process. Thomas's model was better at predicting PCs column adsorption (R2 =0.97). Finally, the investigation of bio-adsorbent regeneration showed that the recovery of phenols from OMWW could be carried out with ethanol (43% of PCs recovered) or hydrochloric acid (90% of PCs recovered). The results of electrochemical characterization of the two bio-adsorbent electrodes showed that the high electroactive surface area, the high value of exchange current intensity (I0) and the low value of charge transfer resistance (RCT) could be promising properties for electrosorption studies. Electrosorption improved the adsorption capacity of the composite beads from 123 to 170 mg g-1 and the removal rate of PCs from 66 to 74% for GAC. Furthermore, the electrosorption of organic compounds was shown for the first time with real wastewater. New models were developed to better understand and predict PCs electrosorption kinetics, including transient mass transport. The remaining organic compounds in OMWW were then eliminated (91 % of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removed) by advanced electro-oxidation treatment, while the bio-adsorbent was regenerated (34.5% of PCs recovered) by an electrochemical method
Reddy, Reddy Pratyusha. "Comparative Study of Adsorption of Dyes onto Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbon by Chitosan Impregnation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1525171939645615.
Carbo, Patricia. "Colour and manganese removal in primary granular activated carbon filtration." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392574.
Van, Dyk Lizelle Doreen. "The production of granular activated carbon from agricultural waste products." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Peach and apricot shells are agricultural waste products. These waste products accumulate around canneries and food-processing plants in South Africa. No effort is being made to utilise these waste products. This study is the first part of the product development from these products i.e. peach shell activated carbon and apricot shell activated carbon. By producing activated carbon from peach and apricot shells the solid waste problem is addressed, but most of all a profit can be made. But why activated carbon? Activated carbons are unique and versatile adsorbent with a vast amount of adsorption applications. It can be produced via a simple oxidation reaction with steam and the nature of peach and apricot shells are such that it is expected that activated carbons with good adsorption properties can be produced from it. The single largest consumer of activated carbon in South Africa is the gold mining industry that uses imported coconut shell activated carbon for gold adsorption in the gold recovery process. Activated carbon is also used as water purification adsorbents. During this study activated carbons were produced in a fluidized bed reactor at various activation conditions: 700 - 900°C, 0.0425 - 0.0629 g steamlg char.min and 30 - 60 min. This was done in order to find the optimum activation conditions within the activation parameter range. The optimal activated carbons were defined as peach and apricot shell activated carbons that showed good microporous as well as mesoporous character. The optimal activated carbons produced are: peach shell activated at 875°C, 0.0533 g stearnlg char. min, 60 min and apricot shell activated carbon at 850°C, 0.0533 g steamlg char.min, 60min. The possible use of these optimal activated carbons and two other activated carbons produced (Peach shell activated carbon 900°C, 0.0425 g steamlg char. min, 60 min and apricot shell activated carbon 900°C, 0.0425 g steamlg char.min, 60min) were tested in gold recovery and water purification. The gold adsorption properties of peach and apricot shell activated carbons were found to be better than two commercial coconut shell activated carbons (Chemquest 650 and GRC 22). No definite conclusions could, however, be drawn about the replacement of coconut shell activated carbon with peach or apricot shell activated carbon, because abrasion test work and thermal regeneration of the experimental carbons still have to be performed. The experimental activated carbons displayed good phenol adsorption characteristic, although further test work is required.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Perske- en appelkoospitte is landbouafvalprodukte. Hierdie afvalprodukte versamel rondom inmaakfabrieke en voedselververkingsaanlegte. Tans word daar geen poging in Suid-Afrika aangewend om hierdie afvalprodukte te benut nie. Hierdie studie is die eerste deel van die ontwikkeling van die produkte: Perskepitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof. Deur geaktiveerde koolstof van die perske- en appelkoospitdoppe te maak, word nie net 'n antwoord op die vastestofafvalsprobleem gevind nie, maar daar kan ook geld gemaak word. Hoekom geaktiveerde koolstof? Aktiveerde koolstowwe is veelsydige en unieke adsorbente met 'n groot verskeidenheid adsorpsie toepassings. Dit kan vervaardig word via 'n eenvoudige oksidasie reaksie met stoom en die aard van die perske- en appelkoospitdoppe is sodanig, dat verwag kan word om geaktiveerde koolstowwe met goeie adsorpsie eienskappe daarvan te kry. Die grootste enkelverbruiker van geaktiveerde koolstof in Suid-Afrika is die goudmynbedryf, wat kokosneutdop geaktiveerde koolstof invoer om goud te herwin. Geaktiveerde koolstof word ook gebruik vir watersuiwering. Tydens hierdie studie IS geaktiveerde koolstowwe by verskillende aktiveeringskondisies in 'n gevloeïdiseerde bed vervaardig: 700 - 900oe, 0.0425 - 0.0629g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min en 30 - 60 mm. Die aktiveringskondisies is gevarieer om sodoende die optimale aktiveringskondisies binne die aktiveringsparameterreeks te kry. 'n Geaktiveerde koolstof is as optimaal geklassifiseer as dit 'n goeie mikro- sowel as mesostruktuur getoon het. Die optimaal geaktiveerde koolstowwe is: geaktiveerde koolstof vervaardig van perskepitdoppe by 875°e, 0.0533 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60 mm en geaktiveerde koolstof vervaardig van appelkoospitdoppe by 850oe, 0.0533 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60min. Die gebruik van die twee optimale geaktiveerde koolstowwe sowel as twee ander geaktiveerde koolstowwe (perskepitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof, 900oe, 0.0425 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60 min en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof, 850°C, 0.0533 g stoom/g gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60min) is VIr goudadsorpsie en watersuiwering ondersoek. Die goudadsorpsie eienskappe van die perske-en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstowwe was beter as die van twee kommersiële kokosneutdop-geaktiveerde koolstowwe (Chemquest 650 and GRC 22). Daar kan egter geen definitiewe gevolgtrekkings gemaak word oor die vervanging van kokosneutdop geaktiveerde koolstowwe met dié van perske of appelkoospitdoppe nie, aangesien daar nog toetsresultate oor die slytweerstand en reaktiverings eienskappe van die eksperimentele geaktiveerde koolstowwe uitstaande is. Die eksperimentele geaktiveerde koolstowwe toon goeie adsorpie ten opsigte van fenol, maar verdere toetswerk is egter nodig.
Orlandini, Ervin. "Pesticide removal by combined ozonation and granular activated carbon filtration /." Rotterdam ; Brookfield : Balkema, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37738501t.
McEwen, Jeff. "Electrochemical regeneration of natural organic matter (NOM) loaded granular activated carbon." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26714.
Villars, Kathryn E. Villars. "Removal of Microcystin-LR from Drinking Water Using Granular Activated Carbon." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532007603377473.
De, Las Casas Carla. "In-Situ Regeneration of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Using Fenton's Reagents." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195619.
Ribeiro, Enrique. "Composites Charbon-Actif/TiO2 pour des applications solaires Activated-Carbon/TiO2 composites preparation: An original grafting by milling approach for solar water treatment applications TiO2 grafted Activated Carbon elaboration by milling: composition effect on sorption and photocatalytic properties Experimental and theoretical coupled approaches for the analysis of radiative transfer in photoreactors containing particulate media : case study of TiO2 powders for photocatalytic reactions AC/TiO2 granular photocatalysts optical properties : material composition effect on the radiative transfer in a photoreactor." Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0016.
The use of bifunctional adsorbent/photocatalyst composite is a solution of great interest for the solar removal of persistent pollutants from wastewaters. This work investigates the mechanosynthesis as an original approach for the preparation of Activated-Carbon/TiO2 composites . First, the feasibility of the preparation approach was validated. The method appeared relevant to produce homogeneous AC/TiO2 granular composites with controlled structural properties. The control of the preparation parameters led to both AC and TiO2 sorption and photo-oxidation functional properties preservation within the composite structure. Secondly, the preparation method ability in creating compositionally-varied AC/TiO2 composites, exhibiting different functional properties. This second part allowed us to show the adaptability of the AC/TiO2 preparation for a wide range of water treatment applications. The radiative properties of these materials - which are essential to know in order to consider their integration within a photoreactor - have been determined by a theoretical approach coupled with experimental measurements. It was thus possible to model and simulate the radiative transfer within a simple geometry photoreactor containing these materials
Nguyen, Thu K. T. "Modelling of the adsorption kinetics of flavour esters on granular activated carbon /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17690.pdf.
Zachman, Bradley A. "Understanding and predicting natural organic matter adsorption by granular activated carbon columns." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/colorado/fullcit?p1430179.
Morley, Matthew Christopher. "Enhanced desorption : a method for off-line bioregeneration of granular activated carbon loaded with high explosives /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Chu, Holly Marie. "Effects of background organic matter on granular activated carbon adsorption isotherms for TCP." Thesis, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21912.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).
Microfiche. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Library, 1992. 2 microfiches: negative.
Master negative: Microfiche MS32123.
UHM: Library has: Both book and microform.
Board of Water Supply, City and County of Honolulu; contract no. C09012
Perry, Lynsey. "Acid washing of granular activated carbon and its impact on drinking water quality." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288935.
Al-Mashhadani, Suhaib Abdulsattar. "Adsorption of Bisphenol-s (BPS) from Water Using Activated Carbon." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1493427194405108.
Ebune, Guilbert Ebune. "Carbon Dioxide Capture from Power Plant Flue Gas using Regenerable Activated Carbon Powder Impregnated with Potassium Carbonate." Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1221227267.
Al-Attas, Omar. "Competitive Adsorption of Iron and Natural Organic Matter in Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23349.
Ngoie, Mpinga Cleophace. "The extraction of precious metals from an alkaline cyanided medium by granular activated carbon." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71787.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A 2 stage heap leach process to extract base and precious metals from the Platreef ore is currently being investigated industrially. A first stage bioleach is used to extract the base metals. In the 2nd stage, cyanide is used as the lixiviant at high pH to extract the platinum group metals and gold. By analogy with current gold recovery practices, the present study investigates the preferential and quantitative adsorption of precious metals (Pt, Pd, Rh and Au) over base metals (Cu, Ni and Fe) from an alkaline cyanide medium, by means of granular activated carbon. Experiments were designed statistically to optimise the process parameters using synthetic alkaline cyanide solutions close in composition to those expected from plant leach solutions. The statistical approach allowed the development of a reliable quantitative approach to express adsorption as a response variable on the basis of a number of experiments. A 2IV(7-2) fractional factorial design approach was carried out in a batch adsorption study to identify significant experimental variables along with their combined effects for the simultaneous adsorption of Pt(II), Pd(II), Rh(III) and Au(I). The adsorbent was characterized using SEM-EDX, and XRF. Precious metals adsorption efficiency was studied in terms of process recovery as a function of different adsorption parameters such as solution pH, copper, nickel, free cyanide ion, thiocyanate, initial precious metal (Pt, Pd, Rh and Au) ion and activated carbon concentrations. It was shown that adsorption rates within the first 60 minutes were very high (giving more than 90% extraction of precious metals) and thereafter the adsorption proceeds at a slower rate until pseudo-equilibrium was reached. Among the different adsorption parameters, at 95% confidence interval, nickel concentration had the most influential effect on the adsorption process followed by the adsorbent concentration. Adsorption of Ni was found to proceed at approximately the same rate and with the same recovery as the precious metals, showing a recovery of approximately 90% in two hours. The kinetics of Cu adsorption were slower, with less than 30% being recovered at the 120 minute period. This suggests that the co-adsorption of Cu can be minimised by shortening the residence time. Adsorption of Fe was found to be less than 5%, while the recovery of Rh was negligibly small. The effect of thiocyanate ion concentration was not as important as the effect of free cyanide ion concentration but still had some influence. The correlation among different adsorption parameters was studied using multivariate analysis. The optimum experimental conditions resulted in a solution with pH of 9.5, [Cu(I)] of 10 ppm, [Ni(II)] of 10 ppm, [CN ] of 132.44 ppm, [SCN ] of 98.95 ppm, [PMs] of 2.03 ppm and [AC] of 10 g/L. Under these conditions, predicted adsorption percentages of Pt, Pd and Au were approximately 98, 92 and 100%, at the level of 95% probability within two hours as an effective loading time. The negative values of ΔG° for all ions under optimum conditions indicate the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. Chemisorption was found to be the predominant mechanism in the adsorption process of Pt(II), Pd(II) and Au(I). Based on their distribution coefficients, the affinity of activated carbon for metal ions follows the selectivity sequence expressed below. Au(CN) > Pt(CN) > Pd(CN) > Ni(CN) > Cu(CN) Finally, it is important that additional research and development activities in the future should prove the economic viability of the process. Future work is also needed to investigate the adsorption of precious metals (PMs) by comparing the efficiencies and kinetics of adsorption when using sodium hydroxide (in this study) or lime, respectively, in order to control the pH.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ʼn Tweefasige hooploogproses vir die ontginning van basis- en edelmetale van die Platrif-erts word tans industrieel ondersoek. ʼn Eerstefase-bioloog word gebruik om die basismetale te ontgin. In die 2de fase word sianied gebruik as die uitloog by hoë pH om die platinum-groepmetale en goud te ontgin. Na analogie van hedendaagse goudherwinningspraktyke het die huidige studie die voorkeur- en kwantitatiewe adsorpsie van edelmetale (Pt, Pd, Rh en Au) bo basismetale (Cu, Ni en Fe) vanuit ʼn alkaliese sianiedmedium met behulp van korrelrige geaktiveerde koolstof ondersoek. Eksperimente is op statistiese wyse ontwerp om die parameters van die proses te optimaliseer deur van sintetiese alkaliese sianiedoplossings wat in hulle samestelling nou ooreenstem met dié wat van oplossings van plant-loog verwag word, gebruik te maak. Die statistiese benadering het die ontwikkeling van ʼn betroubare kwantitatiewe benadering om adsorpsie as ʼn responsveranderlike op grond van ʼn aantal eksperimente uit te druk, moontlik gemaak. ʼn 2IV(7-2) -Fraksionele faktoriale ontwerp-benadering is tydens ʼn lot-adsorpsiestudie gevolg om beduidende eksperimentele veranderlikes tesame met hulle gekombineerde uitwerkings vir die gelyktydige adsorpsie van Pt(II), Pd(II), Rh(III) en Au(I) te identifiseer. Die adsorbeermiddel is met behulp van SEM-EDX en XRF gekenmerk. Adsorpsiedoeltreffendheid van edelmetale is bestudeer ten opsigte van proseskinetika en herwinning as ʼn funksie van verskillende adsorpsieparameters soos oplossing-pH, koper, nikkel, vry sianiedioon, tiosianaat, aanvanklike edelmetaal (Pt, Pd, Rh en Au)-ioon en geaktiveerde koolstofkonsentrasies. Daar is aangetoon dat adsorpsietempo‟s binne die eerste 60 minute baie hoog was (het meer as 90% ekstraksie van edelmetale opgelewer) en daarna het die adsorpsie teen ʼn stadiger tempo voortgegaan totdat pseudo-ekwilibrium bereik is. Onder die verskillende adsorpsieparameters, by 95%-vertroubaarheidsinterval, het nikkel-konsentrasie die grootste invloed op die adsorpsieproses gehad, gevolg deur konsentrasie van die adsorbeermiddel. Daar is bevind dat die adsorpsie van Ni teen nagenoeg dieselfde tempo en met dieselfde herwinning as die edelmetale voortgegaan het, wat ná twee uur ʼn herwinning van nagenoeg 90% getoon het. Die kinetika van Cu-adsorpsie was stadiger, met minder as 30% wat teen die 120-minute-tydperk herwin is. Dit dui daarop dat die ko-adsorpsie van Cu tot die minimum beperk kan word deur verkorting van die verblyftyd. Daar is bevind dat die adsorpsie van Fe minder as 5% is, terwyl die herwinning van Rh onbeduidend klein was. Die uitwerking van die konsentrasie van die tiosianaatione was nie so belangrik as die uitwerking van die konsentrasie van vry sianiedione nie maar het steeds ʼn mate van invloed gehad. Die korrelasie tussen verskillende adsorpsieparameters is met behulp van meerveranderlike analise bestudeer. Die optimale eksperimentele toestande het gelei tot ʼn oplossing met ʼn pH van 9.5, [Cu(I)] van 10 dpm, [Ni(II)] van 10 dpm, [CN] van 132.44 dpm, [SCN] van 98.95 dpm, [EM‟e] van 2.03 dpm en [AC] van 10 g/L. Onder hierdie toestande was die voorspelde adsorpsiepersentasies van Pt, Pd en Au nagenoeg 98, 92 en 100%, op die vlak van 95%-waarskynlikheid binne twee uur as ʼn doeltreffende laaityd. Die negatiewe waardes van ΔG° vir alle ione onder optimale toestande dui op die uitvoerbaarheid en spontane aard van die adsorpsieproses. Daar is bevind dat chemiesorpsie die deurslaggewende meganisme by die adsorpsieproses van Pt(II), Pd(II) en Au(I) is. Gebaseer op hulle distribusiekoeffisiënte volg die affiniteit van geaktiveerde koolstof vir metaalione die selektiwiteitsvolgorde soos hieronder voorgestel. Au(CN) > Pt(CN) > Pd(CN) > Ni(CN) > Cu(CN) Laastens, dit is belangrik dat addisionele navorsing en ontwikkelingsaktiwiteite in die toekoms die ekonomiese haalbaarheid van die proses bewys. Werk in die toekoms is nodig om die adsorpsie van edelmetale (EM‟e) te ondersoek deur vergelyking van die doeltreffendhede en kinetika van adsorpsie wanneer natriumhidroksied (in hierdie studie) of kalk, onderskeidelik, gebruik word ten einde die pH te beheer
Liu, X. "Removal of humic substances from water using solar irradiation and granular activated carbon adsorption." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/20232/.
Storrar, Megan Denise. "Adsorption and desorption characteristics of natural organic matter in natural waters on granular activated carbon." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27183.
McCrea, Michael V. "Peroxone groundwater treatment of explosive contaminants demonstration and evaluation." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8821.
Olsen, Anthony. "Biology and management of chironomid species within granular activated carbon adsorbers used in potable water treatment." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.727749.
Bach, Morgana T. "The role of calcium in and methodologies for overcoming pH excursions for reactivated granular activated carbon." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0008967.
Helfrich, James. "Cost estimates for removal of total organic carbon and disinfection by-products using packed tower aeration and granular activated carbon adsorption /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594490391&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Knutson, Kristofer James. "Utilization of Granular Activated Carbon Media to Improve Biofiltration for the Purpose of Taste and Odor Removal." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31801.
Kelley, Thomas M. "Using Rapid Small Scale Column Testing to Evaluate Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption of Cyanotoxins from Drinking Water." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150514901618082.
Teixeira, Marina Bergamaschi. "Remoção de carbono orgânico dissolvido de águas de abastecimento por adsorção em carvão ativado granular." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/119392.
Pollution growth in water bodies brought by daily discharge of thousands of chemicals from anthropogenic sources is one of the main environmental issues confronting humankind. Although most of these chemicals are present in very low concentrations, they can still be hazardous.to health. Additionally to the increasing levels of pollution brought by discharges of fertilizers, pesticides, prescription drugs and pharmaceuticals, detergents, and petroleum derivatives, among others, the standard processes that are used in drinking water treatment plants in Brazil are not effective to remove these micropollutants. Powdered (PAC) and granular (GAC) activated carbon have been used in many countries to remove micropollutants and taste and odor-causing substances from water. In Brazil, research has been made using PAC to remove taste and odor substances and specific micropollutants from water. In this research, GAC produced from coconut shells was used to test the removal of organic micropollutants present in source water by adsorption. Water used in this research was collected at the intake of Lomba do Sabão drinking water treatment plant in Porto Alegre. In order to assess the GAC adsorption capacity, six isotherm (batch) and four column (continuous flow) assays were performed according to ASTM D 3922 standard. Organic micropollutants were quantified by the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and by ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm wavelength. The results suggest that the tested GAC have limited capability in adsorb the complex mixture of micropollutants that are present in source water, as measured by DOC. This is probably caused by lack of affinity between many micropollutants present in the mixture and the carbon.
Tillman, Donald E. (Donald Edward). "Combination of zero-valent iron and granular activated carbon for the treatment of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37034.
Weeks, Michael Andrew. "Biology and management of the hydrobiid snail Potamopyrgus jenkinsi within granular activated carbon adsorbers used in potable water treatment." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441550.
Saffarian, Saman. "A LCA Study of Activated Carbon Adsorption and Incineration in Air Pollution Control." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19680.
McParland, Terra L. "Aeration as a pretreatment alternative to extend the life of granular activated carbon at the Mililani plant : a laboratory study." Thesis, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21913.
Thesis (M. S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-133).
University of Hawaii at Manoa: Has both book and microform.
Board of Water Supply, City and County of Honolulu; contract no. C09012
Kim, Soo Myung. "Understanding and predicting 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) adsorption by granular activated carbon and process selection approaches for controlling taste and odor." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3256447.
Mitterhofer, Cordula 1967. "Evaluation of granular activated carbon adsorption to remediate ethylene dibromide contamination at Fuel Spill 28 at the Massachusetts Military Reservation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88819.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-96).
by Cordula Mitterhofer.
M.Eng.
Andre, Cecile M. "Adsorption treatment for the removal of humic substances from drinking water supply, using granular activated carbon and iron-containing adsorbents." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446296/.
Ferreira, Carolina Alves de Souza. "Remoção de compostos orgânicos causadores de gosto e odor em águas de abastecimento em sistemas pós-filtros adsorvedores de carvão ativado granular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-08092010-115015/.
The main purpose of this research was to study the performance of granular activated carbon post filter adsorbers made of bituminous coal and vegetal coal (coconut), regarding, mainly, removal of 2-methylisoborneol and trans-1,10-dimethyltrans- 9-decalol. The experimental researches were conducted in the water treatment plant Alto da Boa Vista, using four pilot filters, made in acrylic, with an internal diameter of 14.2 cm and a filter media depth of 1.5 m, each. Two of them (named 1 and 3) were filled with the carbon Filtrasorb 300 (CALGON) and the other two (named 2 and 4), with the carbon 119 12x25 (CARBOMAFRA). The filters operated in parallel, 24 h per day, 7 days per week. The filters 3 and 4 were fed with filtered water from the plant and the filters 1 and 2, with filtered plus ozonated water. The average hydraulic loading rate in the filters was 143 m3m2.d and the empty bed contact time, 15 min. The average detention time in the ozone contact columns was 21 min and the average ozone dosage, 1.11 mgL. The 2-methylisoborneol values in the filtered water of the plant were higher than in the ozonated water, which indicates that the ozonation reduced (average of 53.4 %) this substance. The filter that showed the lower values of 2-methylisoborneol was the bituminous one, fed with ozonated water (filter 1), with an average removal of 50.6 %. Moreover, was the only one that presented average values of 2-methylisoborneol lower than the odor threshold concentration ( 9,0 ngL). The filter that presented the higher values of 2- methylisoborneol was the vegetal one, fed with filtered water (filter 4).
Rosenzweig, Shirley Ferreira. "Adsorption of Copper (II) on Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNT): A study of adsorption mechanisms and comparative analysis with Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) F-400." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368026548.
Dlugolecka, Maja. "Pharmaceutical compounds : a new challenge for wastewater treatment plants /." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Mark- och vattenteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4348.
Loureiro, Lorena Frasson. "Avaliação da adsorção do herbicida 2,4-D em carvão ativado em pó e granular por meio de análises de isotermas de adsorção utilizando diferentes qualidades de água." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6168.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características físico-químicas do carvão ativado (CA) gerado a partir da casca de coco e do pinus e tentar associá-las à capacidade de adsorção do herbicida 2,4-D pelos carvões ativados estudados por meio de ensaios de isotermas de adsorção em água destilada e deionizada (ADD) e em água filtrada (AF) a partir dos modelos de Freundlich e de Langmuir, assim como verificar se a redução da granulometria do carvão interfere na capacidade de adsorção do 2,4-D. O motivo pelo qual inicialmente se utilizou ADD foi avaliar a eficiência do CA em adsorver o herbicida sem que houvesse qualquer outro interferente que pudesse competir com o 2,4-D e para comparar os resultados obtidos em ADD com os obtidos na AF. O pH da solução de 2,4-D (6,86) foi ajustado para valores/condições reais de operação da ETA Carapina - ES, que forneceu a AF utilizada nesse trabalho. A pesquisa utilizou carvões ativados vegetais fornecidos por dois fabricantes brasileiros. Uma das empresas forneceu o CAG e o CAP derivados da casca de coco. O CAG foi utilizado na sua granulometria original (08x30 mesh), onde foi denominado de CA-1, e na granulometria menor que 325 mesh, denominado de CA-2. Já o CAP, fornecido por esta mesma empresa, foi denominado de CA-3. O outro fabricante forneceu o CAP derivado do pinus e este carvão foi denominado de CA-4. Dentre os carvões estudados, o CA-3 apresentou maior capacidade adsortiva máxima (qA,máx). As análises fisíco-químicas não contribuíram para a escolha do carvão mais eficiente e, estatisticamente, não houve diferença entre os ensaios realizados em ADD e AF
This research aims to evaluate the activated carbon (AC) physical-chemicals characteristics generated from coconut´s peel and pinus and associate them to 2,4-D herbicide adsorption capacity of studied activated carbons by adsorption isotherms assay in destilated and deionized water (DDW) and filtered water (FW) from Freundlich and Langmuir models, as well as verifying the carbon granulometry reduction interference on the 2,4-D adsorption capacity. Firstly, the DDW was used to evaluate the AC herbicide adsorption efficiency without any interferent which might compete with 2,4-D and to compare the results obtained from DDW with FW results. 2,4-D pH solution (6,86) was fitted to real operational values/conditions of Carapina Water Treatment Plant (WTP) ES, which provide the FW used in this study. The research used vegetable AC provided by two Brazilian producers. One company provided GAC and PAC derivated from coconut peel. The GAC used with the normal granulometry (08x30 mesh) was named CA-1, and with a granulometry lower than 325 mesh was named CA-2. CAP was named CA-3. The another company provided PAC derivated from pinus, which was named CA-4. CA-3 showed higher maximum adsorption capacity (qAmax). The physical-chemicals analysis did not contributed to the most efficient coal selection and, statistically, there were not differences between DDW and FW assays
Mendes, Ricardo Lazzari. "Controle de compostos orgânicos precursores e subprodutos da desinfecção em mananciais eutrofizados mediante combinação de interozonização e sistemas pós-filtros adsorvedores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-23082010-090555/.
The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the performance of a combination of processes - inter-ozonization and post-filter GAC adsorbers systems, on the control of organic precursors and disinfection byproducts, especially trihalomethanes (THM). The experience was conducted with filtered water produced at Alto da Boa Vista conventional WTP, located at São Paulo city, where raw water comes from a high eutrofic lake. The experimental setup consists of an ozonation system with four column shaped contactors arranged in series with 16 minutes total hydraulic detention time; and, a system of four pilot scale adsorbers with different types of granular activated carbon (GAC) media, F1 and F3 filters with mineral GAC media (GAC1, bituminous) and F2 and F4 filters with vegetal GAC media (GAC2, coconut shell), all operated in parallel with empty bed contact time (EBCT) between 15 and 20 minutes. Two columns were fed with filtered and pre-ozonated water (F1 and F2) and the other two were fed with filtered water only (F3 and F4). It was observed that ozonation did not affect significantly results of precursors parameters, TOC and UV-254, and neither THM. Initially, TOC removal remained high, near 80% delineating the bed saturation around 240 days to F1 and F3 filters (GAC1) and only 30 days with low efficiency for filters F2 and F4 (GAC2). The THM bed saturation time was nearly 65 days for both media and initial efficiencies were 90% and 75% to GAC1 and GAC2, respectively. With all beds saturated, still there was a good taste and odor producing substances removal. In this work, the systems of GAC adsorbents post-filters were effective for the control of precursors and to reduce the formation of THM\'s, with better results for the CAG1 (bituminous) regardless of the use of inter-ozonization.
Martins, Fernanda Lisboa. "Remoção de 17α-etinilestradiol por meio de fotocatálise em reator de leito fluidizado." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8011.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
This work compared the efficiency of removing the 17-α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) through advanced oxidative processes (POA) and granular activated carbon adsorption (CAG). EE2 is a synthetic female hormone common in domestic sewage and effluent from pharmaceutical industries. This hormone is a type of emerging pollutant that causes endocrine disruption in living beings even in concentrations of nanograms order. The EE2 removal was analyzed in a prototype of a 10 L reactor, with upward flow CAG fluidized bed, using four lamps emitting ultraviolet radiation, with batch time of 2 hours in each process. Photolysis showed 5% of efficiency, while photocatalysis removed 87% of EE2. The adsorption processes in CAG and titanium dioxide immobilized at CAG removed 82 and 89%, respectively.
Este trabalho comparou a eficiência de remoção de 17-α-etinilestradiol (EE2) por meio de processos oxidativos avançados (POA) e adsorção em carvão ativado granular (CAG). O EE2 é um hormônio feminino sintético comum no esgoto doméstico e no efluente de indústrias farmacêuticas. Esse hormônio é um tipo de poluente emergente que causa desregulação endócrina nos seres vivos mesmo em concentrações da ordem de nanogramas. Então foi analisada a remoção do EE2 em um protótipo de reator de 10 L, com leito fluidizado de CAG, de fluxo ascendente, utilizando quatro lâmpadas que emitem radiação ultravioleta, com tempo de batelada de 2 horas, cada processo. A fotólise apresentou 5% de eficiência, enquanto a fotocatálise removeu 87% de EE2, e os processos de adsorção em CAG e em dióxido de titânio imobilizado em CAG removera, 82 e 89%, respectivamente.
Yang, Maoyu. "Absorption of chlorophenols on granular activated carbon /." 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9650.
Wu, Hui-Ching, and 吳惠菁. "Cadmium removal by D2EHPA-impregnated granular activated carbon." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74583915101393572969.
淡江大學
水資源及環境工程學系碩士班
96
GAC was impregnate with D2EHPA (di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid) dissolved in acetone to enhance its metal adsorption capacity for cadmium removal from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted under different D2EHPA dosages, temperature, equilibrium time, and pH. According to the experiments results, the equilibrium time, optimum D2EHPA dosages, and optimum pH were found to be 12 hr, 10 g, and 7, respectively. Adsorption processes were found to follow pseudo-second order rate equation at two different initial concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/g. Adsorption isotherms correlate well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity of impregnated GAC for cadmium is 21.93 mg/g.
Pradhan, Bhabendra Kumar. "Studies on surface properties of activated granular carbon and activated charcol cloth." Thesis, 1997. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/3560.