Academic literature on the topic 'Poverty – Ontario – Toronto Region'

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Journal articles on the topic "Poverty – Ontario – Toronto Region"

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Daiski, Isolde, Nancy Viva Davis Halifax, Gail J. Mitchell, and Andre Lyn. "Homelessness in the Suburbs: Engulfment in the Grotto of Poverty." Studies in Social Justice 6, no. 1 (November 1, 2012): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v6i1.1071.

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This paper describes findings of a research inquiry into the lived experience of homelessness in Peel, a suburban region located in the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. It is based on the data from a collaborative project undertaken by members of the Faculties of Health and Education of York University with two local community organizations. The dominant theme of the narratives was that suburban homelessness is similar to being engulfed in a grotto of poverty, isolated from the rest of the community and invisible to it. Once entrapped in the grotto, it is almost impossible to escape from it. There were four sub-themes: (a) falling into the grotto, (b) living/struggling in the grotto, (c) envisioning escape routes from the grotto, and (d) beauty, community and hope in the grotto. Following a discussion of the findings, researchers describe strategies to address homelessness through promotion of social justice for all.
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Baskin2, Cyndy. "Aboriginal Youth Talk About Structural Determinants as the Causes of Their Homelessness1." First Peoples Child & Family Review 14, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1071289ar.

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This article explores structural determinants as possible causes of the homelessness of Aboriginal youth in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It includes a brief literature review and provides some of the findings of a recent research project, which implemented an Aboriginal research methodology with homeless youth in Toronto. These findings point to a strong link between Aboriginal children growing up in poverty and involvement in child welfare and becoming homeless as a youth. Suggestions for positive change at the policy-level are offered in order to prevent the next generation of Aboriginal children growing up to become homeless youth.
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Baskin, Cyndy. "Aboriginal Youth Talk about Structural Determinants as the Causes of their Homelessness." First Peoples Child & Family Review 3, no. 3 (May 19, 2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1069395ar.

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This article explores structural determinants as possible causes of the homelessness of Aboriginal youth in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It includes a brief literature review and provides some of the findings of a recent research project, which implemented an Aboriginal research methodology with homeless youth in Toronto. These findings point to a strong link between Aboriginal children growing up in poverty and involvement in child welfare and becoming homeless as youth. Suggestions for positive change at the policy level are offered in order to prevent the next generation of Aboriginal children growing up to become homeless youth.
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Robson, Karen, Paul Anisef, Robert S. Brown, and Jenny Nagaoka. "A comparison of factors determining the transition to postsecondary education in Toronto and Chicago." Research in Comparative and International Education 14, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 338–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499919865140.

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We examine how race, sex and poverty contribute to the likelihood of attending two- and four-year colleges in Chicago and Toronto. In each city, we use longitudinal data on high school students and their postsecondary trajectories in order to explore how race and sex may impact differentially upon their educational pathways. Our analyses are informed by an intersectionality perspective, wherein we understand that life chances are shaped by the various traits and identities that individuals possess. In Toronto, Black males are less likely than all other groups to attend four-year colleges. We also find that two-year colleges appear to fulfill a different role in Toronto than they do in Chicago; that is, serving populations who may have been tracked into non-academic course selections in high school. We contextualize our findings within the very different political, cultural, and historical contexts of Ontario and Illinois.
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De Pencier, North, Ian Puppe, Carrie Davis, Drishti Dhawan, Mithila Somasundaram, and Gerald McKinley. "“She is very illusive”: Substance abuse, gender roles and motherhood among the teenage girls of the Sioux Lookout Zone, 1969-1996." University of Western Ontario Medical Journal 87, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/uwomj.v87i1.1802.

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From 1969 to 1996, the Indigenous teenage girls of the Sioux Lookout Zone of Northern Ontario grew up surrounded by poverty and rapid societal change. Substance abuse, vandalism, and suicide rates were rising, and families and health care providers were worried about the health of adolescents in their communities.1-3 This paper examines the instances teenage girls were mentioned in the collection of documents about the Sioux Lookout Zone Hospital at the University of Toronto Archives in order to analyze the challenges that these girls faced in gender role negotiations, substance abuse, and teen motherhood.
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Barrett, Suzanne. "Lake Ontario's Waterfront: Realizing a decade of regeneration." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426237.

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The author was the principal author of A Decade of Regeneration: Realizing a Vision for Lake Ontario's Waterfront, in collaboration with editor Ron Reid of Bobolink. She was Director of the Lake Ontario Program Waterfront Regeneration Trust from 1992-2002, leading its work on the Waterfront Trail, Greenway Strategy and Toronto and Region Remedial Action Plan. She is currently a freelance consultant specializing in environmental planning, waterfront revitalization and public engagement. The text that follows was originally published in the Ontario Planning Journal, March/April 2002.
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Caragata, Lea, and Maria Liegghio. "Mental Health, Welfare Reliance, and Lone Motherhood." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2013-008.

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This paper explores the life circumstances and mental health experiences of welfare-reliant lone mothers, utilizing data from the Lone Mothers: Building Social Inclusion project, a Canada-wide research program. On the basis of qualitative interviews conducted with 43 welfare-reliant lone mothers living in Toronto, Ontario, we examine the conditions of their lives and the ways in which mental health, poverty, and single motherhood intersect. These intersections reveal the problematic nature of the traditional mental health system's response to these women. Required is a broader understanding of the ways that impoverished lone mothers’ mental health is structurally situated, and requires population-based rather than individualized responses.
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Cambon, G., J. C. Ritchie, and P. Guinet. "Pollen marqueur de transports à longue distance dans l'atmosphère du sud de l'Ontario (Canada)." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 11 (November 1, 1992): 2284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-284.

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An analysis of weekly air samples at four sites in southern Ontario (London, Toronto, Peterborough, Sudbury) provides conclusive evidence for the long-distance transport of pollen of the exotic taxa Entada (Mimosaceae), Dodonaea (Sapindaceae), and Ephedra (Ephedraceae), originating far to the south (at least 1000 km) of the recording stations. The nearest source area for the first two taxa is in the West Indies and Mexico, while Ephedra, previously noted in Late Quaternary sediments from the Great Lakes region, grows commonly in the southwestern region of the United States. Long-distance transport is corroborated by air-mass trajectory analysis and surface-wind patterns at time of exotic occurrences. Key words: aeropalynology, Ontario, airstreams, pollen transport.
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Bernstein, Stacey, Hermine I. Brunner, Richard Summerbell, Upton Allen, Paul Babyn, and Susan E. Richardson. "Blastomyscosis Acquired by Three Children in Toronto." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 13, no. 4 (2002): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/906757.

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Three paediatric cases of blastomycosis, apparently acquired in or near Toronto, Ontario, a region not known to be endemic for this disease, are described. Blastomycosis was not suspected clinically in any of the three cases, and the diagnosis was established only when the diagnostic net was broadened to include fungal and mycobacterial cultures. All three patients were diagnosed after significant delays, which is consistent with the rarity of the disease in children and its acquisition outside previously accepted geographical boundaries. Pulmonary involvement was present in all three children, while one also had multifocal osteomyelitis. Drug therapy was successful in all three cases, either with amphotericin B followed by itraconazole, or itraconazole alone. Blastomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of a patient from the Toronto area who presents with a compatible history despite a negative travel history to known endemic zones.
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Mohajer, Arsalan A. "Seismicity and Seismotectonics of the Western Lake Ontario Region." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 47, no. 3 (November 23, 2007): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032963ar.

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ABSTRACTThe western Lake Ontario region, a traditionally perceived area of low seismic risk, is densely populated and is home to, among other critical facilities, the nuclear reactors of Pickering and Darlington. These and other characteristics of the region call for improved estimates of seismic hazard. Due to a lack of understanding of the causative geological sources and recurrence characteristics of the reported seismic activity, there is considerable uncertainty regarding estimated ground motion parameters, a fundamental component of seismic hazard assessments. To attempt to improve the definition of the seismic source zones and, consequently, seismic hazard assessments, the hypocentres of about 30 local earthquakes were recomputed. A new data compilation, based on the revised locations or those with the least travel-time residuals, shows that local microearthquakes (ML"3.5) generally occur along, or at the intersection of, prominent aeromagnetic or gravity anomalies. A notable seismicity trend extends in a northeast-southwest direction between Toronto and Hamilton, and is bounded by magnetic lineaments. A major geological structure, the Central Metasedimentary Belt Boundary Zone (CMBBZ), coincides with a strong aeromagnetic anomaly which extends to the northeast into the Western Québec Seismic Zone. This magnetic lineament also extends to the south, across Lake Ontario, to join the Akron (Ohio) magnetic boundary that was associated with several historical earthquakes and with a mb=4.9 earthquake in 1986. Most of the seismic events recorded instrumentally in the 20th century have occurred within a depth range of 5 to 20 km. This observation supports the correlation of local earthquakes with deep geophysical and geological features, suggesting contemporary reactivation of basement structures. This may imply that a more conservative deterministic hazard estimate is needed to verify the probabilistic approach currently used to assess seismic hazard in southern Ontario.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Poverty – Ontario – Toronto Region"

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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.

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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Newberry, David. "Poverty, politics and participation: radical anti-poverty organizing in a neoliberal Ontario." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1098.

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In this thesis I explore neoliberalism and resistance to neoliberalism by focusing on the relatively recent rise of radical, local anti-poverty organizations in Canada, particularly on the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) in Toronto. To accomplish this exploration, I present a brief history of neoliberalization in two ways: first in theory, exploring the phenomenon in general, and then in a more specific context, through the study of neoliberalization in Ontario. Special emphasis is given to the ways in which contemporary processes of neoliberalization tend to discourage collective action and movement formation, and encourage the ideological, discursive, and practical depoliticization of issues and communities. In addition, I suggest that Ontario’s neoliberalization has led mainstream left forces to retreat to a more moderate support base in the middle class, leaving poor people and anti-poverty activists with little potential for meaningful participation in political processes. The lack of avenues for participation, I argue, discourages the development the development of a sense of agency for poor people and anti-poverty activists. This agency is framed here as political dignity. After presenting a history OCAP, I conclude by suggesting that radical, local anti-poverty organizations make an important contribution to combating some of the outcomes of neoliberalization presented here. By using a broad range of scholarship (including working-class focused sociology, post-colonial theory, and others), I argue that OCAP’s key contribution to antineoliberal struggles is the way in which the organization encourages political dignity building through engaged, confrontational participation.
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Joyce, Katherine Anne. "A Safety Valve to Modern Living: Antimodernism, Citizenship, Leisure, and the Environment in Toronto's Outdoor Education Centres, 1953-1997." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33656.

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In 1960 the Toronto Board of Education opened its first residential outdoor education centre, the Toronto Island Natural Science School, which signaled the beginning of an outdoor education movement in the city. By the mid-1980s the school boards and conservation authorities of Metropolitan Toronto had opened 12 residential outdoor education centres to serve Toronto public school students. This thesis seeks to explain why these programs were developed at this time and in this place. It finds that these programs fit into a broader ‘modernizing antimodernism’ paradigm which shaped many similar formal and informal educational programs in the twentieth century, and argues that democratic citizenship education was the major factor that was used to justify and shape them. This democratic citizenship education had three main components: education for democratic living, education for productive use of leisure time, and education for the environment, each of which is explored in depth.
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Books on the topic "Poverty – Ontario – Toronto Region"

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1947-, Loverseed Helga V., ed. Quick escapes Toronto: 26 weekend trips in Ontario. 2nd ed. Guilford, Conn: Globe Pequote Press, 2000.

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Limited, M. M. Dillon. Greater Toronto Area 3Rs analysis: Summary report, Metro Toronto and York Region. [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1993.

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Project, Exemplary Schools. Technical report: Corktown Community High School : Toronto, Ontario. Toronto: Canadian Education Association, 1995.

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Fraser, Donald M. The state of greenlands protection in south-central Ontario: Neptis studies of the Toronto Metropolitan region. Toronto, ON: Neptis Foundation, 2005.

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Fraser, Donald M. The state of greenlands protection in south-central Ontario: Neptis studies of the Toronto Metropolitan region. Toronto: Neptis Foundation, 2004.

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Canada, Canada Environment. Adapting to climate change and variability in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Basin: Proceedings of a binational symposium May 13 -15, 1997 Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ottawa: Environment Canada, 1998.

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National Conference on Hunger (1986 Toronto, Ont.). National Conference on Hunger: October 30, 31 & November 1, 1986 at The Park Plaza Hotel, Toronto, Ontario. [Toronto?: s.n., 1986.

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Health, Ontario Ministry of. GTA/905 health services restructuring report. Toronto: Health Services Restructuring Commission, 1997.

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Walker, Gerald Earl. An invaded countryside: Structures of life on the Toronto fringe. [North York, Ont.]: York University, Atkinson College, 1987.

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Livingstone, Stephen John. Assessment of the impact on Lake Ontario of groundwater contaminant mass loading from a representative region of the Greater Toronto Area. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Poverty – Ontario – Toronto Region"

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Polèse, Mario. "Diverging Neighbors." In The Wealth and Poverty of Cities, 111–40. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190053710.003.0005.

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This chapter compares Buffalo, New York, and Toronto, Ontario, two urban areas located on the Great Lakes with similar populations (one million) in 1950. Toronto has since passed the six million mark, while Buffalo seems trapped in a seemingly irreversible cycle of economic decline. The diverging destiny of the two cities has many roots (e.g., the St. Lawrence Seaway, the collapse of Big Steel) but invariably sends us back to the different political cultures of the United States and Canada. The government of Ontario stepped in early in the urbanization process to impose a model of metropolitan governance on the Toronto region, with the explicit aim of deterring the emergence of deep social divides, specifically between city and suburb, and ensuring the maintenance of a strong central core. The state of New York did no such thing in Buffalo, for which Buffalo continues to pay a price.
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Langston, Nancy. "The Postwar Pollution Boom." In Sustaining Lake Superior. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300212983.003.0003.

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For fifty years, paper towns along Lake Superior boomed: Marathon, Terrace Bay, Thunder Bay, Ontonagon, Munising. But the human and environmental costs of intensive pulp production began to emerge soon after World War II. Anishinaabe communities were displaced from forests, suffering intense poverty and social displacement. First Nations communities in Grassy Narrows, Ontario, suffered mercury poisoning from the chlor-alkali plants needed for paper bleaching. Dioxin and PCBs created poison legacies that still confound the region. The paper and pulp industry brought three decades of economic growth that benefited many—but certainly not all—of the people living in the Lake Superior basin. Yet the pollution legacies from that boom era have persisted far longer than the economic benefits.
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Conference papers on the topic "Poverty – Ontario – Toronto Region"

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Rivera, Arnold L., and Darren C. Day. "Innovative PLC Design Concepts for Petroleum Pipeline and Terminal System." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0406.

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Enbridge Inc. operates the world’s longest crude oil and refined liquids pipeline system. The company owns and operates Enbridge Pipelines Inc. (the Canadian portion of the Enbridge crude oil mainline) and a variety of affiliated pipelines in Canada and the United States. It also has approximately, a 12% interest in Enbridge Energy Partners, L.P. which owns the Lakehead Pipeline System in the United States. These pipeline systems have operated for over 50 years and now comprise approximately 15,000 kilometers (9,000 miles) of pipeline, delivering more than 2.2 million barrels per day of crude oil and refined liquids. The combination of the Enbridge System in Canada and the Lakehead System in the United States brings together the primary transporter of crude oil from Canada into the United States. It is also the only pipeline that transports crude oil from Western Canada to Eastern North America, serving all of the major refining centres in the province of Ontario as well as the Great Lakes region of the United States. The system consists of approximately 9000 kilometers (5,600 miles) of mainline pipe in Canada, and 5300 kilometers (3,300 miles) of mainline pipe in the United States. The Canadian portion of the pipeline system extends from Edmonton, Alberta as the primary initiating facility, across the Canadian prairies to the U.S. border near Gretna, Manitoba. It continues again from the U.S. border near Sarnia, Ontario, to Toronto, Ontario, and Montreal, Quebec, with lateral lines to Nanticoke, Ontario, and Niagara Falls, Ontario. The total length of the pipeline right-of-way is nearly 2300 kilometers (1,400 miles).
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Buszynski, Mario E. "Securing Pipeline Approvals in a Tough Regulatory Environment." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10478.

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The Regional Municipality of York is located immediately north of the City of Toronto. It is the fastest growing municipality in Ontario. The rapid expansion of residential, industrial and commercial development in the municipality has led to a weakness in the electrical and gas infrastructure. The Ontario Power Authority (the agency responsible for managing the power requirements in the Province of Ontario) has recognized this weakness and has developed plans calling for a new gas-fired generating station and improvements to the electrical grid. The shortages of gas supply and electricity have not developed overnight. Hydro One, which runs the electrical grid, initiated a supply study in 2002. The study recommended upgrading a 115 kV transmission line to a double circuit 230 kV transmission line on the existing corridor. The ensuing public outcry resulted in the municipality passing a resolution against the upgrade. Similarly, a large gas-fired generating station proposal was abandoned as the result of citizen opposition. In 2003, the Ontario Energy Board approved new Environmental Guidelines for the Location, Construction and Operation of Hydrocarbon Pipelines and Facilities in Ontario. The guidelines include specific new requirements for planning pipelines in urban areas. Among other things, these requirements involve the identification of indirectly affected landowners and a more detailed analysis of public issues and how they were resolved. It became clear that in order to achieve regulatory success, not only would the public have to become actively engaged in the decision-making early in the process, the technical reviewers (federal, provincial and municipal agencies) would likewise have to be actively involved. Through the use of two case studies of proposed large-diameter natural gas pipelines initiated in York Region in 2005, this paper describes the techniques used to engage the public and the regulators. It also describes how the public involvement requirements contained in the Ontario Energy Board’s new guidelines were incorporated into the planning process. The case studies begin with a rationale for the study area selected. A description of issues follows. The techniques used to address these issues and the success of the program are documented. Techniques include face-to-face project initiation meetings, use of technical and citizens’ advisory committees, sub-committee meetings to resolve specific issues and site-specific field work. The study results illustrate that it is possible to plan a right-of-way in such a manner as to satisfy the general public and regulators, be compatible with existing development, conform to the new Ontario Energy Board guidelines and minimize the amount of remedial work required to mitigate the impacts occurring on and adjacent to the right-of-way.
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Hatton, Janice, and Peter Bulionis. "A Case Study of the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System at the Algonquin Power Energy-From-Waste Facility." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1903.

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The Algonquin Power Energy-From-Waste (APEFW) facility is located in the suburban Toronto, Ontario city of Brampton. It receives approximately 140,000 metric tonnes (154,000 tons) of MSW per year from the Region of Peel (Region) and approximately 10,000 metric tonnes (11,000 tons) per year of international airport waste from the area’s two international airports. The APEFW facility commenced initial operations in 1992 and included four, 91 tonne (100 ton) per day Consumat two stage incinerators with heat recovery boilers and a dual-train air pollution control (APC) system consisting of evaporative cooling towers, venturi reactors and fabric filter baghouses. The APEFW facility expanded its capacity in 2001 with the addition of a fifth 91 tonne (100 ton) per day modular incinerator and heat recovery boiler. One of the stipulations in the permitting process was that the entire expanded facility meet more stringent emission standards that included a significantly lower nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission rate. After a review of several available NOx control technologies, the APEFW facility chose to install a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system. While SCR systems are fairly common on EFW facilities in Europe, the APEFW facility is the only EFW facility in North America that currently operates with an SCR system and as such has gained valuable insight into the application and performance of this technology that is very relevant to the North American EFW industry. This paper discusses the operation and maintenance of the SCR system, compares pre- and post-SCR NOx emissions and presents capital and operating costs for the SCR including the cost per tonne of waste processed and the cost per tonne of NOx removed.
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