Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pouvoir (sciences sociales) – Afrique'
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Atangana, Owona Martin-Celestin. "La Notion de pouvoir dans la pensée politique de l'Afrique noire actuelle." Besançon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BESA1024.
Full textBahri, Fathi. "Les hommes du pouvoir et les hommes du savoir en Ifrîqiyya aglabide (184-296/800-909)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010650.
Full textIn this research we have undertaken the study of certain aspects of life in Ifriqiyya during the first three centuries following the advent of islam. On the basis of information contained in chronicies, we have sought to describe and explain the functions of administrative, military and judicial institutions, as well as the practises and structures of the ruling elites. The second part of our study is concerned with religious learning (fiqh and hadith) and the natural sciences (specifically, medecine). Our main sources for these aspects of intellectual life have been biographies, and principle works of fiqh, hadith and medecine
Hiamba, Ovungu Jean. "Structure et sens cosmopolitique du pouvoir dans la culture des Ankutsu-Membele: contribution au processus d'intégration et de démocratisation en Afrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209753.
Full textEn effet, les rébellions, les guerres ethniques ou tribales, les rivalités et les dissensions inter groupales continuent à affecter la vie politique, économique et sociale de ce pays depuis la période précoloniale en passant par la période coloniale et postcoloniale. Cette préoccupation majeure suscite des interrogations fondamentales :de quelle manière peut-on aujourd’hui ériger un projet politique qui soit à mesure de redéfinir les finalités socio-politiques, cultuelles, et économiques globales qui accordent une meilleure écoute aux productions de sens qui émanent des valeurs théoriques de chaque groupe social, en sublimant ce qui rapproche et non ce qui divise ?Comment dépasser les clivages excluant issus des situations de crise (traite, colonisation, rébellions, guerres, dissensions) ?Comment mettre sur pied un espace commun qui serait le lieu d’échange libre où chacun exprimerait son opinion dans le respect et la dignité de l’autre ?
C’est à ces questions et à beaucoup d’autres encore que cette thèse tente de répondre. Il s’agit en fait, d’une étude à caractère paradigmatique réalisée dans le groupe Ankutshu-Membele, à la lumière des approches occidentales du pouvoir et de la démocratie. Elle s’assigne comme objectif principal de problématiser la conception du pouvoir à travers la culture et les religions de ce peuple, en vue de tenter d’établir les conditions de possibilités d’intégration de cette société traditionnelle vers une société moderne multiculturelle et démocratique.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Bako-Arifari, Nassirou. "Dynamiques et formes de pouvoir politique en milieu rural ouest-africain : étude comparée sur le Bénin et le Niger : une anthropologie politique de "l'État joueur" et de "l'État négocié" dans les arènes locales du pouvoir : cas des cantons de Gaya au Niger et de Gomparou au Bénin." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA036.
Full textNzamba, Sylvain. "La représentation politique du pouvoir et sa dérive dans l'oeuvre littéraire de Maxime N'Débéka." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30045.
Full textTitle: « The Political Representation of Power and its Drift in Literary Work by Maxime N’Débéka ». This thesis is a monographic study which explores the thematic of political power in six texts by the Congolese writer: Le Président (1982), Les Lendemains qui chantent (1983), Equatorium (1987), Vécus au miroir (1991), Le Diable à la longue queue (2000) et Sel-piment à la braise (2003). After having presented the various analytical categories of the selected “duchetian” socio-critical method, this dissertation highlights a literary analysis of political power by taking into account a certain number of cultural, sociological and psychological factors which in one way or another influence its perception and management within a geographical space and institutional framework representative of Sub-Saharan Africa. By putting forward the typological differences as well as the trajectories borrowed by the “Fathers of independences” and the “Guides of the revolution” in order to ascend to power, this thesis shows how, after officially achieving independence from colonial rule, African political “elites” very often driven by the lure of gain and the appropriation of privileges have set up authoritarian and mind-numbing political regimes which led them to drift
Samuel, Boris. "La production macroéconomique du réel : formalités et pouvoir au Burkina Faso, en Mauritanie et en Guadeloupe." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0057/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the exercise of power and its transformations, based on the observation of concrete operations of macroeconomic management in two African countries, Burkina Faso and Mauritania, and one Caribbean territory, Guadeloupe. Its approach involves a combination of anthropology, the sociology of quantification and the historical sociology of the political.The exercise of power rests on practices of economic management that are caught up in a network of relations. There are those who dangle the prospect of steering the economy in accordance with an instrumental logic; there are those turn formal procedures into tools for legitimizing current regimes; and there are those who turn macroeconomic management into the site of a struggle for access to resources. Macroeconomics has many meanings and lies at the centre of a wide-ranging ‘technocratic compromise’. In all three cases studied, the detailed observation of macroeconomic calculation shows that the technocratic ethos is crucial for an understanding of the exercise of power. Social and political struggles over education and the high cost of living, and debates on the illusory claims of reformism, place the numerical approach at the very heart of social and political relations. On the turbulent political scene in Mauritania, Guadeloupe and Burkina Faso, the objects of economic management are at work, guiding the actions of individuals and provoking protest. Indeed, macroeconomics is not just to be found in the office: it is part of the political repertoire of ordinary people. It is rooted both in the specific history of these societies and in the autonomous logics of technique and procedure
Smith, Étienne. "Des arts de faire société : parentés à plaisanteries et constructions identitaires en Afrique de l'Ouest (Sénégal)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0016.
Full textThis study calls for a historical and political science analysis of a classical category in anthropology, « joking relationships ». By focusing on joking relationships in Senegal it explores the fabrics of inter-community relations, the vernacular language of politics and the imagination of nationhood. It shows how the so-called pacifying function of joking relationships is questionable but also how these practices craft a culture of sociability and reveal the historicity of a common political culture in West Africa. The political instrumentalization of joking kinships in the context of the Casamance conflict in Senegal, and in some state-sponsored cultural nationalisms in West-Africa, are studied as neo-traditionalist endeavours that have succeeded in imposing this category in the public space and turning it into the cornerstone of national identities in the making
Ndemby, Mamfoumby Pierre. "D'une écriture de la rupture à une relecture de cultures : lire et comprendre les pouvoirs traditionnels dans le roman d'Afrique noire francophone." Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002301960204611&vid=upec.
Full textThe aim was to review French discourse from the dawn of the twenty-first century ; more particulary in the following texts : The Initiated, The cry that you make won't awaken nobody, The Festival of Masks, After the silence, In waiting for the vote of the Wild Animals, The sound of Inheritance, The Identity Card and The one and a helf lives. In the end, after considering the question of traditional powers from each and every perspective, it is the problem of identity, in all its facets, which has been dealt with. Seen from this point of view, the (written and spoken) word has been pinpointed as a source of power in consideration of its social and literary aspect. The question of myths and their stylistic effect of their images have allowed us to highlight the way in which all the elements constituting ancient knowledge have been handed down over time. Myths, which, by means of the narrative structure of their texts, have revealed how contemporary literary works, destroyed by contemporary societies, are affected and they contribute also to to the breaking down of traditional orders. Following on from that, there is an attempt to legitimise Frecnh writings by means of the power of words, as writing of rupture. In order to do this, it was necessary to highlight the structural elements which would help us to define French texts on the basis of their linguistic elements. Subsequently, words have been denoted as a force which generates meaning. This semantic self-generation has helped to reveal the instability of certain characters and the apparent loss of authority bt patriarchs such as Rèdiwa or Makaya, charged with the safe-keeping and the transmission of ancient values. The internal conflict found in French black African imaginative works, often linked to the confrontation between tradition and modernity, is also that which has allowed us to read cultural phenomena differently and has led to the challenging of traditional knowledge. Finally, the entire French-speaking world, or at least that which is mentioned in the third part of this work, eventually reveals itself to be, in one way or an other, based almost exactly on the ancients' model. The analysis carried out during this work has shown how the political arena and the traditional axis of power became interdependent. Political figure circulated freely, moving from one area to another in their pursuit of meaning, without the slightest apprehension. This pursuit of meaning or of identity has led political heroes, seeking to flee everyday difficulties, to make us of the ebb and flow of symbolism and politics in order to construct new identities, new beliefs, and in order to construct a new basis for the relationships with the other, with society and with the universe. If the reading about figures of traditional power has been thus effective, it is because this model has become the matrix of French writings. This attachment to values has given the issue of modernity a dual quelity : on the one hand in terms of being a national treatment of the subject liberated from the pitfalls of nature ; and on the other hand, one which is perceived as the establisment of the new tradition. In each of these two cases, French novelists have tried to make their characters and their writting adhere to this vision of things
Djiofack-Zebaze, Calvin. "Effet de la libéralisation du commerce des services en Afrique." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00306828.
Full textde, Bruyn Gabriel. "Imago principum, imago deorum : Recherches sur les statues impériales et divines dans les cités d’Afrique (Ier – Ve siècles ap. J.-C.)." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1023.
Full textThis thesis deals with imperial and divine statues in the cities of North Africa from the 1st to the 5th century CE. By confronting epigraphic and statuary evidences, the aim is to understand the role and impact of these images in provincial public spaces. The first part focuses on understanding the mechanisms for disseminating and receiving an iconographic language principally elaborated by the center of power. The problem of the role of local elites in the representation of power is crucial here. The second part aims to replace the statues in their spatial and monumental context, in order to understand the articulation of these images in a political, religious and social discourse, that expresses civic identities in the context of Roman Empire. A final part is devoted to the issues raised by imperial and divine statues in Late Antiquity, in the context of the Christianization of imperial power and African cities. These include the problem of the disappearance of statues of urban landscapes, which is discussed with a particular attention to the chronology and the actors of the phenomenon. The different attitudes towards statues, that can be found in legal sources, literary, epigraphic and archaeological evidences principally reveal their identity function as objects symbolizing the continuity of traditional civic life or as supports of violences intended to mark the rupture with the past
Ngowet, Luc. "Les fondements théoriques de la modernité politique africaine : essai de phénoménologie politique." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC337.
Full textAny consideration of African political thought cannot disregard the issue of its recovering by Africanist discourse. The hegemony of this discourse is partly at the origin of our reflection on the theoretical foundations of modernity in Africa, that seeks to lay the foundations for a long-term research agenda on African political thought. Beyond a contention with the Africanist discourse, my thesis is also motivated by a more fundamental objective that presupposes and seeks to demonstrate that African thought has always played a vital role in the construction of the political modernity of Africa. I will analyse the contours and content of the theoretical foundations of that african political modernity through a methodology and a principle of reason that will bear witness to those foudations with conviction and lucidity. My doctoral dissertation therefore has two main objectives. First, it seeks to develop a critique of Africanist reason that will lead to an interpretation of endogenous discourses on politics in Africa, through a method of investigation called political phenomenology. Such a phenomenological understanding of politics as an instrument that can elucidate African modernity in Africa will be based on a critical interpretation of major african political texts written in both French and English. Secondly, my thesis aims at developing a philosophizing history of African political thought, providing a precise understanding of its concepts and issues. In sum, this dissertation would have achieved its objective if it read as a philosophical meta-narrative on African modernity, the specificity of which I shall define
Palmieri, Joelle. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire : effets politiques des usages de l'internet par des organisation de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881026.
Full textSouyris, Bernard. "Bobo et Bwaba pendant et après la colonisation : identité et organisation collective des populations africaines de la boucle du Mouhoun pendant le XXe siècle." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30032/document.
Full textBased on analysis of colonial and ethnographic studies, I tried to understand in this thesis how established the classifications of African populations from racial presumptions and reifying identifications in a region of western Africa where the "mixture of races" had struck the first observers. As these synchronous representations stood out, the conquest and the colonial administration forced changes to the productivity and to the existing power, transforming the people’s collective lives and their spiritual and religious worlds. A ground study in and around Sara's village, located in the loop of Mouhoun, completes the study of the colonial papers and highlights the existence of ethnic lineages in forming social and political structure, making distinctions between the Bwaba and the "foreigners", what seems to be at the origin of a feeling ofmembership of a geographically undefined human group, in Bwamu "Bwabawa.» This study also confirms the existence of transformations which appeared during and after colonization
Palmieri, Joelle. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire - Effets politiques des usages de l'Internet par des organisations de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00709266.
Full textAchy, Lahcen. "Exchange rate management and macroeconomic fundamentals: an empirical investigation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211605.
Full textBrochard, Cécile. "Fictions du pouvoir et pouvoir de la fiction : les romans du dictateur à la première personne." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3023.
Full textMonceau, Nicolas. "Générations démocrates : les élites turques et le pouvoir /." Paris : Dalloz, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411699042.
Full textTurc, Sylvain Chassagne Serge. "Les élites grenobloises de 1760 à 1848 recherches sur un groupe social en transition /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/turc_s.
Full textParaiso, Véronique. "Pouvoir politique et pouvoir paternel : réflexion théorique et réponses institutionnelles du XVIe siècle à 1914 /." Paris : Connaissances et savoirs, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39973113z.
Full textRoche, Thierry. "Du cinéma comme de l'anthropologie : le pouvoir de la mise en scène, mise en scène du pouvoir." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA074.
Full textBaud, Michel. "Famille royale et pouvoir sous l'Ancien empire égyptien /." Le Caire : Paris : Institut français d'archéologie orientale ; diff. Impr. nationale, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37102765h.
Full textIye, Ali Moussa. "Le Pouvoir du verbe et la force de la loi : étude du "Xeer", contrat socio-politique des pasteurs Issas." Grenoble 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE21015.
Full textThe object of this research that can be situated in the context of the work concerning the cuchitic populations of the horn of africa in general and the somali people in particular is the study of the "xeer issa" - the socio-political contract of the issas - the issas tribe is one of the bigest somali tribal groups they have founded what was called the "pastoral democraty" - this work describes and analysises for the first time the structures of the penal law and the political constitution of the issas tribe confederation united by the "xeer" - this study tries to explain the specificity of that contract by localising the issa people in their human, geo-physical and his- torical environnement : the horn of africa -
Yefsah, Abdelkader. "La question du pouvoir en Algérie." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100048.
Full textPérez, Christine. "Monnaie du pouvoir, pouvoir de la monnaie : une pratique discursive originale, le discours figuratif monétaire 1er s. av. J.-C.-14 ap. J.-C." Lille : Paris : Atelier nationale reprod. th. Univ. Lille 3 ; Les Belles Lettres, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36109847d.
Full textSoutenue sous le titre : Propagande, idéologie, pouvoir, pour une approche nouvelle d'une pratique discursive originale : le discours figuratif monétaire, d'après le matériel numismatique du dernier siècle de la République et du Principat d'Auguste. _ Index. _ ISBN 2251-60-332-8.
Hermanson, Lars. "Släkt, vänner och makt : en studie av elitens politiska kultur i 1100-talets Danmark /." Göteborg : Göteborgs Universitet, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410693941.
Full textParaiso, Véronique. "Pouvoir paternel et pouvoir politique : réflexion théorique et réponses institutionnelles du XVIème siècle à 1914." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUED003.
Full textPomathios, Jean-Luc. "Le pouvoir politique et sa représentation dans l'" Enéide " de Virgile /." Bruxelles : Latomus, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34985118p.
Full textHelvétius, Anne-Marie. "Abbayes, évêques et laïques, une politique du pouvoir en Hainaut au Moyen Age (VIIe-XIe siècle) /." Bruxelles : Crédit communal, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37172466g.
Full textFargas, Peñarrocha María Adela. "Família i poder a Catalunya, 1516-1626 : les estratègies de consolidació de la classe dirigent /." Barcelona : Fundació Noguera, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37077845n.
Full textAntshuka, Ngonga Lokengo. "Le consensus politique, une voie pour (re)construire la démocratie en Afrique: essai d'analyse du processus de démocratisation en Afrique subsaharienne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211714.
Full textDelgado, Martínez Tania Yhamila. "Pouvoir militaire et pouvoir politique au Vénézuela." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070109.
Full textIn Venezuela, the military power emerges during the 19th century in the context of the independence, the constitution of the Nation-State and the Republic foundation. The army of liberation is going to play a main role in the building of this new Republic because the war appears as the only mean to make it possible. The ones who lead the war thus become the forefathers of the Nation and the Republic, meanwhile they set themselves up as a new dominant class. During the 19th century, the power relations change and become complicated, but they are not yet "civilized". At the dawn of the 20th century, dictatorships which institutionalize the armed forces and concretize the monopolization of the legitimate exercise of the violence are created. The reflection on the relation between military power and politics begins to take on a corporatist character, result of the professional modernization and, later on, of the democratization of the political régime. The foundation myth of Democracy is born and, by setting aside the foundation myth of Republic, puts the army in a lower position of subservience to the civil power. At the end of the 20th century, the crisis of the economic land System and of the régime of democratic alternance breaks out. In this context, the armed forces rise again as a political actor capable of getting its legitimacy from the moral decrease and heroic past of the traditional political elite. Crisis becomes split. A new civil-military relation becomes visible
Somali, Kossi. "Le parlement dans le nouveau constitutionnalisme en Afrique : essai d'analyse comparée à partir des exemples du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Togo." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288063.
Full textSakellaropoulos, Spyridon. "Pouvoir politique et forces sociales en Grèce d'aujourd'hui (1974-1988)." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081184.
Full textThis work attempts to study the evolution of the greek social formation during the period from 1974 to 1988 and applies to the forms the relation between capital and work has taken, concerning political power and social interests as expressed by the political parties. In parallel to the examination of the historical and empirical data, we attempt to study certain theoretical notions, the use of which proves to be necessary in the frame of this work. Notions as "social classes", "political parties", "state", "political representation", "productive" and "improductive work" are therefore examined under the spectrum of the study of the events that took place in Greece during the period 74-88
Lassalle, Frédéric. "Les relations de pouvoir : le cas des évènementiels sportifs internationaux." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32020.
Full textThe research’s aim is the understanding of the relations of power between the international sports institutions and sports organizations. A qualitative study of the relations of power on the international sports events allows to confront the exercise of power by the dominant entity with triangular theories (Machiavelli, 1513 ; Baechler, 1978; Galbraith, 2007). Three special events managements enable to test the model of power created from the papers of the political science and the sociology: 2007 Rugby World Cup, America Cup in 2007 and 2009 and 2018 Winter Olympics Games. The theme of sport was privileged because the positions of each entity are clearly defined by the structure of this sector, where the international institution, holder of the event, dominates the relation with the candidate and organizing organizations. The objective of such a model of power is to supply to the present organizations on the international sports events the understanding tools the type of power exercised by the dominant entity. This understanding will allow the organizations to become a strength of proposition in the relations, even a strength of contesting bringing to a reversal of the power on events. The will to dread the power is necessary for these organizations considering the new stakes and the increasing development of this sector
Rousseaux, Eric. "Du conflit des légitimités." Reims, 2006. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000608.pdf.
Full textThe foundation of the power of a political authority is an essential question in political philosophy. This foundation determines its legitimacy. The classic division into natural legitimacy and conventional legitimacy brushes aside another neglected form of legitimacy: the custom. The purpose is thus to examine what makes the legitimacy of an authority: can an authority fairly claim a recognition through its natural character? Through force or paternal authority for example? Or, within the institutional framework, is it enough for a law to be a law to set up a legitimation? Finally, if the law is essentially turned towards the present time or the future, what about the custom, this authority fiom the past? Three kinds of authorities, claiming each one its legitimacy, and likely to clash. Beyond these oppositions, it's the actual foundation of an authority that must be exarnined : how does an authority manage to set itself up? How does it manage to be accepted? This archaeology of law will lead us to examine its genetic and relations with mystico-religious practices
Rousseaux, Eric Daval René. "Du conflit des légitimités." Reims : [s.n.], 2006. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000608.pdf.
Full textKeruel, Anne. "Les sens de la décentralisation : pouvoir et frontière depuis 1981." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090048.
Full textWeinmann, Nelly. "L'administration et l'attaché." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100139.
Full textPoutrain, Véronique. "Analyse interactionnelle des rapports sociaux de sexe et des rapports de pouvoir dans les relations sado-masochistes." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0101.
Full textAbels, Rolf. "Die Ökonomie der Macht in William Shakespeares history plays : Politik und Ideologie im frühmodernen Diskurs /." Marburg : Tectum verl, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39074002q.
Full textAlmegård, Mats. "Macht ist da, weil auch wir Macht im Auge haben : Untersuchungen zur Machtkritik bei Nicolas Born /." Göteborg : Acta universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40117827s.
Full textHagström, Linus. "Enigmatic power ? : relational power analysis and statecraft in Japan's China policy /." Stockholm : Stockholm university, Dept of Political science, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40088408x.
Full textSauter, Alexander. "Fürstliche Herrschaftsrepräsentation : die Habsburger im 14. Jahrhundert /." Ostfildern : J. Thorbecke, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413644442.
Full textAhmed, Einas. "L'élite du pouvoir au Soudan : hégémonie et recrutement politique (1985-2000)." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40019.
Full textLépine, Patrice. "Pour une sociologie du pouvoir : essai de définition du phénomène du pouvoir et de sa caractérisation typologique à partir de l'ontologie de Castoriadis." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29721/29721.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is a theoretical essay on the question of power. There are two main perspectives in the traditional approach of power, the institutional perspective and the relational one. The definition we develop does not correspond to the two traditional perspectives, which neglect imaginary significations when defining power. Rooted in the philosophy of Castoriadis, our theory clearly distinguishes the concept of power from those of society and of politics. Instead of a capacity of the whole society or even a relation, we believe it must first be understood as the product of actors who are the embodiment of historically determined collective meanings. It is a social-historical imaginary embodied by a social group, which also receives broad support in society. This phenomenon exists in all societies, past, present or future. It supposes and aims for the freedom of individuals. Moreover, it does not include nor exclude violence, which is only a possible strategy, neither essential nor against its nature. The exercise of power involves four dimensions that are widely discussed in sociology and political science, namely the action, the norm, the will and the identity. Types stand at the crossroads of the foundation and the finality of the social-historical imaginary of each power. Thus we distinguish democracy, tyranny and two kinds of authority, transcendent authoritarian power, which takes place in traditional or religious societies, and immanent authoritarian power, which corresponds to totalitarianism as well as some archaic societies, empires and contemporary societies that are subject to the immanent authoritarian power of capital.
Courtois, Aline. "La formation des élites irlandaises : privilège, pouvoir et excellence dans les lycées privés irlandais." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010033.
Full textSégur, Philippe. "Recherches sur les relations du pouvoir politique et du temps." Toulouse 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU10014.
Full textThis research emanate from the idea that power is to be regarded as an effort to last. The traditional state's functions can be analysed like a perpetuation's function of a given order. The matter is always to reproduce a particular situation through rules and procedures which aim at supervising the community's time. The emergence and the differentiation of the political power have been done around this basic stake. The historical process is a dispossession of the religious authorities for the benefit of laic authorities which, profiting by the technical innovations and the ideas movment, increase constantly their domination over human time while secularizing it. At the modern era, the political order of social time leaded to his rationalization, to his uniformity and to the suppression of any reference to deity. A negative time's conception appears and involves some vicious effects : social defection, falling political participation, individualism, loss of power's lawfulness, etc. The political order of social time generates a social disorder by pulling down the sense. However, beyond the social disaggregation generally noticed, we can record a recurrence's process of the society's founding time. Power and society would be reorganizing themselves from their own disorders. Thus, the society's founding process
Ebrahimnejad, Hormoz. "Pouvoir et succession en Iran : les premiers Qâjâr, 1726-1834 /." [Paris] : Paris ; Montréal (Québec) : Société d'histoire de l'Orient ; l'Harmattan, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371060824.
Full textBibliogr. p. 315-332.
Suremain, Marie-Albane de. "L' Afrique en revues : le discours africaniste français, des sciences coloniales aux sciences sociales (anthropologie, ethnologie, géographie humaine, sociologie), 1919-1964." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070043.
Full textThe africanist discourse produced by anthropology, ethnology, human geography and sociology, from the end of First world war, i. E. The apogee of colonization, and the beginning of the 1960s, when the African territories became independent is part of the "colonial library" we inherited and which is still conditioning our present vision of Africa. That's why it's important to elaborate a critical history of it, examining the relationship between the colonial power and the construction of this scientific discourse, all the more since these representations of Africa were used to legitimate the colonial policy. This africanist discourse was produced in the 1920s mainly by the people who were in charge of the colonial authority and amateurs, with no consistent education in any of these scientific disciplines. From the 1930s on, a certain professionalization of this scientific discourse was made possible as academic networks and institutions were built, with more autonomy from the colonial power. The fieldwork became a legitimising criterion of this scientific knowledge and the monography was the dominant form of scientific writing. The 1950s are a strong cut in this history. Professional scholars proposed a new vision of Africa, in radical rupture with the dominating stereotypes of Africanise discourse. The focus on the colonial situation of Africa enabled them to reread the social relationships and the territorial organization in Africa, to show the modernity of the continent and to bring out a political vision of it. The organization of research in cultural areas in the 1950s increased the number of Africanise scholars but, due to the compartmentalization it created, it didn't totally erase the risk to have an exotic approach of Africa
Couëtte, Marie-Pauline. "Pratiques de pouvoir et idéal altruiste face au maise de la représentation politique." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070036.
Full textConsidering the disenchantment with political representation, a factor that explains the divisions in today's society, the purpose of this work is to inquire into the degree of responsibility of the political actors. The concept of altruism provides a useful perspective. A series of sixty two interviews with elected members confinus the existence of a contradictory situation imposed upon them: on one side the necessary constraints of political practice, on the other, their ideal, altruistic views. Hence, elected members are not solely responsible for the discontent with political representation. Yet, many analysts discredit and stigmatize, using generalizations, the elected members as a whole, thus exempting from any responsibility the media, the market. . . This work considers the part of altruism in the practice of elected members, a social group necessary to democracy and which has not deserted the public scene. Altruism can provide some answers ta the worries and despairs of our society