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1
Çiçek Rathert, Tülin, İnan Güven, and Fatih Üçkardeş. "Sex Determination of Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) using with Zoometric Measurements." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 9 (September 12, 2017): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i9.1002-1005.1278.
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The difficulty of sex determination in most poultry species causes significant financial losses for poultry production as birds cannot be separated at early stages of growth for meat or egg production. Therefore it is important to determine bird’s sex with zoometric parameters. This study was carried out to determine the sex of Japanese quails with zoometric measurements, such as live weight, body length, chest depth and chest width. Eighty-eight male and female Japanese quail chicks were used individually for live weight, chest depth (mm), chest width (mm) and body length (mm) with using digital scaled balance and caliper for every week over a period of six weeks. The weekly collected data were applied to t test for estimating the sex discrimination. The Pearson’s correlation was applied for examining the interrelationship between sex and biometric traits. The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between live weight and body length beginning with the 2nd week. Therefore, zoometric measurement of these body traits is suitable for discriminating the sex of Japanese quails in early phase of life.
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Tarasewicz, Z., D. Szczerbinska, D. Majewska, A. Danczak, M. Ligocki, and A. Wolska. "The effect of magnetic field on hatchability of Japanese quail eggs." Czech Journal of Animal Science 51, No. 8 (December 5, 2011): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3951-cjas.
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The effect of environmental conditions on hatching indices of poultry eggs is sufficiently important that new methods for their improvement are sought, among others through exposing the eggs during hatching to an artificially generated magnetic field of variable frequency. Hatching eggs in this study came from Pharaoh quail in the 4th month of laying. The flock was kept under optimum microclimate conditions and fed a complete feed mix containing 21% total protein and 11.7 MJ ME. The eggs (n = 150), after weighing, were divided into 3 groups equal in respect of numbers: control (I) and two experimental (II and III). The eggs of group II and III were exposed to the action of variable magnetic field of the same intensity but different times of application. The highest percentage of dead embryos during incubation in relation to fertilised eggs was found in control group (11.36%), while the smallest was from group II (4.17%). The highest value of hatching indices calculated in relation to fertilised eggs was found in group II (91.6%), while the smallest was in group III (83.7%) with 86.3% in control group. The results point to the possibility of increasing egg hatchability indices through the use of additional variable magnetic field. The chicks hatched from eggs exposed to the action of this experimental agent had similar body weight. The average weight of one-day-old chicks ranged from 7.82 g (group II) to 8.05 g (group III). In the last week of rearing, mean body weight in both sexes was similar and ranged from 168 (group I) to 172 g (group III) in males, and from 186 g (group I) to 199 g (group III) in females; these differences were not statistically significant. The females of group III reached sexual maturity at 41 days, this being one and three days (non-significantly) earlier than birds in group I and II.
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Gartovannaya, Elena, Klavdia Ivanova, and Yuliya Denisovich. "The Impact of Quail Breeding Conditions at Private Farmsteads on Meat Quality." E3S Web of Conferences 203 (2020): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020301012.
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In Russia, different quail breeds are widely grown and bred at specialized poultry farms and private farmsteads. In the Amur Region, only private farmsteads engage in this type of aviculture. The most common breeds are Pharaoh quail, Japanese quail, and Estonian quail. 100 eggs of the Estonian quail have been prepared for hatching in a specialized room at a private enterprise. The incubation has been carried out in the Rcom 20 MAX (RMX-20) machine at a temperature of + 37.2–380C and 55–60% humidity over 17–18 days. The egg hatchability amounted to 75%. In Russia, the birds receive balanced complete feeds of the following grades: P-K-5, P-K-2-1, P-K-6, Start, Super Start, RusQuail, Multigain and others. These feeds include different percentage mixtures of corn, oats, wheat, barley, meals and various types of flour (soy, fish, rice, etc.), yeast, chalk, phosphates, sodium chloride and other minerals. In the Amur Region, the balanced feed ration for poultry is produced by local companies “Amuragrocenter” and “Grinodir". These products have been used for feeding the chicks. The study of the Estonian quail bred at a private farmstead using the Amur feeds revealed some changes. According to the literary sources, the average weight of the Estonian breed is 180–200 g. The weight of the quails grown under the specified conditions was significantly higher — up to 200–260 g. In many regions, consumers prefer local products that they trust.
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Marzec, Agata, Monika Michalczuk, Krzysztof Damaziak, Arleta Mieszkowska, Andrzej Lenart, and Jan Niemiec. "Correlations between Vitelline Membrane Strength and Selected Physical Parameters of Poultry Eggs." Annals of Animal Science 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0015.
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the strength of vitelline membrane and its correlation with other morphological traits and the viscosity of egg yolk of different poultry species: goose, turkey, Muscovy duck, chicken, guinea fowl and Japanese quail. Vitelline membrane strength (VMS) was defined as work and force after the deformation of yolk at 6 mm. Bird species affected the VMS of egg yolk. The lowest strength was measured for the vitelline membrane of goose egg yolk. There were no apparent differences in the strength of vitelline membrane for ducks, guinea fowl, chickens and Japanese quail. In contrast, the vitelline membrane of turkey egg yolk appeared to be of the highest strength. Statistically significant positive correlations were observed between VMS and yolk index, while there was no correlation between the weight of the eggs and egg yolk. The work deformation of yolk was positively correlated with the viscosity of poultry egg yolk.
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Lukanov, H., A. Genchev, and P. Kolev. "EGG QUALITY TRAITS IN WG, GG AND GL JAPANESE QUAIL POPULATIONS." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, no. 1 (2019): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.01.008.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate egg quality traits in three heavy Japanese quail populations created and reared in the Poultry Breeding Unit of the Trakia University – Bulgaria, marked as WG, GG and GL. In the experiments, 160 female birds from populations WG and GG, and 96 birds from population GL were tested up to the 6th production month. The main egg quality traits were controlled. The highest average egg weight was registered in WG group and the lowest in GL group, 14.04±0.32 g and 12.79±0.29 g respectively (p<0.05). The highest average Shape index was observed in group GG (78.31±0.53%), vs the lowest in WG quails (77.55±0.62%). Albumen proportion is almost 2/3 of egg mass, with average values from 57.14% in group WG tо 59.90% in group GG. Yolk proportion was about 30%, with smaller differences between the groups. The shell share from all tested groups comprised between 10.95 and 12.58% of egg weight. Average shell thickness was the greatest in eggs of WG quails (223.53±5.52 μm), and the lowest – in GG quails (216.91±6.83 μm). Egg quality traits were typical for the meat productive type of Japan quails.
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Susta, Leonardo, Diego Segovia, Timothy L. Olivier, Kiril M. Dimitrov, Ismaila Shittu, Valerie Marcano, and Patti J. Miller. "Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Quail." Veterinary Pathology 55, no. 5 (April 16, 2018): 682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985818767996.
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Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a devastating disease of poultry worldwide. The pathogenesis of ND in quail is poorly documented. To characterize the ability of virulent NDV strains to replicate and cause disease in quail, groups of 14 two-week-old Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica) were experimentally inoculated with 108 EID50 (embryo infectious dose 50%) units of 1 of 4 virulent NDV strains: 2 isolated from quail ( N2, N23) and 2 from chickens ( Israel, Pakistan). At day 2 postinfection, noninfected quail (contact group) were added to each infection group to assess the efficacy of virus transmission. Tested NDV strains showed moderate pathogenicity, with highest mortality being 28% for the N2 strain and below 10% for the others. Two N2-inoculated birds showed neurological signs, such as head tremor and ataxia. Microscopic lesions were present in N2-, Israel-, and Pakistan-inoculated birds and consisted of nonsuppurative encephalitis. Contact birds showed no clinical signs or lesions. In both inoculated and contact birds, virus replication was moderate to minimal, respectively, as observed by immunohistochemistry in tissues and virus isolation from oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs. Strains originally isolated from quail resulted in higher numbers of birds shedding in the inoculation group; however, transmission appeared slightly more efficient with chicken-derived isolates. This study shows that virulent NDV strains have limited replicative potential and mild to moderate disease-inducing ability in Japanese quail.
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Andriani, Regita, Tyas Rini Saraswati, and Silvana Tana. "Kadar Kolesterol Daging Pada Keturunan F1 Dari Induk Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) Yang Diberi Suplemen Tepung Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) Dalam Pakan." Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 20, no. 2 (January 27, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/bioma.20.2.86-91.
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Quail is one of poultry commodities that compliance the needed of animal protein like egg and meat. Good quality was breed from quail parent that has good physiological condition. This research aimed to quantified cholesterol of quail meat from F1 from quail parent that treatment using turmeric powder supplement on itsfed in order to obtained best quail chick with good physiological condition. This research use Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method. Animal on this research was 15 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) hens that gave 3 treatments with 5 repetitions. K0 was F1 of quail parent without turmeric powder supplementation, K1 was F1 of quail parent with 54 mg/quail/day turmeric powder supplementation before its sex period, K2 was F1 of quail parent with 108 mg/quail/day turmeric powder supplementation before its sex period. The F1 quail was fed using standard quail feed. Data was obtained from daily fed consumption average, daily water consumption, and quail meat cholesterol rate on 60 day old chicken. Data was analyses using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This research result showed that daily fed consumption, daily water consumption and meat cholesterol rate of F1 that treatment using turmeric powder supplementation wasn’t show significant difference, so conclusion of this research is physiological condition of F1 was normal. Key words: Quail Meat Cholesterol, F1 of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), Turmeric powder
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Wijedasa, W. M. R. M., Y. H. S. T. Wickramasinghe, J. K. Vidanarachchi, and S. M. C. Himali. "Comparison of Egg Quality Characteristics of Different Poultry Species." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 11 (October 15, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n11p331.
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This study was conducted to compare external and internal quality attributes and some functional property parameters of eggs from five different poultry types/species namely, Sri Lankan village chicken & commercial chicken (Shaver brown), duck (Vigoa), quail (Japanese quail) and turkey (Turkey white). In addition, the impacts of cold storage (10 ºC), on commercial chicken eggs and Sri Lankan village chicken eggs, over a period of three weeks were evaluated. Yolk color, shape index, egg weigh and shell thickness values of the freshly laid eggs were significantly difference among the four species (P < 0.05). Yolk color of the village chicken egg was 7.30 which is significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of other species. Quail egg had the highest (P < 0.05) shape index value (80.90±0.01) and the lowest egg weight (9.47±5.64 g). Whereas, turkey egg had the lowest (P < 0.05) shape index value (69.20±0.02) and the highest egg weight (71.48±5.21 g). Village chicken eggs and quail eggs had significantly lower (P < 0.05) eggshell thickness than that of other poultry species. The lowest eggshell thickness (0.008±0.00 mm) was shown by quail eggs. Duck egg white had the highest (P < 0.05) viscosity and foam stability whereas, commercial egg had the lowest viscosity. Further, internal quality and functional quality traits from Sri Lankan village chicken eggs and Shaver brown eggs were decreased with the increasing storage period (3 weeks) at 10 ºC. Quail egg has the highest shape index and duck egg white has the highest viscosity and foam stability. Some of the egg quality traits are significantly affected by type/species of the bird and the storage time.
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Oster, Michael, Henry Reyer, Nares Trakooljul, Frank M. Weber, Lu Xi, Eduard Muráni, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Markus Rodehutscord, Jörn Bennewitz, and Klaus Wimmers. "Ileal Transcriptome Profiles of Japanese Quail Divergent in Phosphorus Utilization." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082762.
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Phosphorus (P) is an essential component for all living beings. Low P diets prompt phenotypic and molecular adaptations to maintain P homeostasis and increase P utilization (PU). Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of PU is needed to enable targeted approaches to improve PU efficiency and thus lower P excretion in animal husbandry. In a previous population study, Japanese quail were subjected to a low P diet lacking mineral P and exogenous phytase. Individual PU was determined based on total P intake and excretion. A subset of 20 extreme siblings discordant for PU was selected to retrieve gene expression patterns of ileum (n = 10 per PU group). Sequencing reads have been successfully mapped to the current Coturnix japonica reference genome with an average mapping rate of 86%. In total, 640 genes were found to be differentially abundant between the low and high PU groups (false discovery rate ≤ 0.05). Transcriptional patterns suggest a link between improved PU and mitochondrial energy metabolism, accelerated cell proliferation of enterocytes, and gut integrity. In assessing indicators of the efficient use of macro- and micronutrients, further research on turnover and proliferation rates of intestinal cells could provide an approach to improve P efficiency in poultry species.
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Rocha e Silva, Roberta Cristina da, William Maciel Cardoso, Régis Siqueira de Castro Teixeira, Camila Muniz Cavalcante, Clarice Pessoa Almeida, Felipe Pereira Sampaio, and Francisco Sérgio Lopes Vasconcelos Filho. "Clinical signs in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix) experimentally infected with Salmonella Gallinarum." Acta Veterinaria Brasilica 10, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.21708/avb.2016.10.3.5691.
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Fowl typhoid a high-impact disease in the poultry industry, this study aims to verify the clinical signs of the disease in experimentally inoculated with quail Salmonella Gallinarum 54 Japanese female quails were distributed into two groups. The inoculated group (GI) SG (32 quail) and control group (CG) (16 birds). A total of six birds were euthanized before the start of the experiment, organs samples (liver, spleen, ovarian follicles, cecum and lung) were collected for the microbiological analysis. The birds of the GI group received 0,7mL of inoculum (1.5x106 CFU/mL) and birds of the CG group received 0,7 mL of saline solution. Thereafter, the quails were observed for ten consecutive days in three daily periods (8:00, 11:00 e 14:00) in order to observe clinical signs of disease. After four days of inoculation was verified prostration, apathy, ruffled feathers, diarrhea, bird's stay in the corner of the cage with closed eyes and reluctance to move (13/32). Some macroscopic changes were observed in euthanized birds with clinical signs like splenomegaly and splenic necrosis in 84,6% (11/13) and 23,0% (3/13) respectively, hepatomegaly and liver necrosis in 15,4% (2/13) e 23% (3/13) respectively, and atrophy and hemorrhage of ovarian follicles in 15,4% (2/13) and 7,7% (1/13) respectively. the birds that died was observed only hepatosplenomegaly. So we can conclude experimentally inoculated with Salmonella Gallinarum quail have the typical clinical signs of fowl typhoid observed in others birds of Galliforme order.
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Hamidipour, Fatemeh, Hamidreza Pourkhabbaz, and Mahdi Banaee. "Bioaccumulation of Lead in the Tissues of Japanese Quails and Its Effects on Blood Biochemical Factors." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 10, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.10.2.315.1.
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Background: Lead is the oldest known toxic metal, physiologically and biologically harmful to living creatures. This study aimed to evaluate the lead accumulation in the liver and breast muscles of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) and to compare concentrations in both sexes and its effect on blood biochemical factors. Methods: Twenty-four young farm Japanese quails (25 day old) prepared from local breeders in December 2014 and randomly divided into control and treatment group. Treatment group were exposed to 0.4 mg per kg diet of “Lead Acetate” for 21 days. We studied the effects of lead on survival and blood biochemical factors. The lead accumulation in the liver and breast muscles of Japanese quail was determined using atomic absorption. Results: Exposure to lead caused a significant increase in the activity of enzymes (AST), (ALT), (LDH), glucose, creatinine and uric acid in poultry treated with lead compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, significant decrease in the activity of ALP, AChE, total protein, albumin, globulin, and triglycerides was found (P<0.05). The treated group had no significant change in the activity of CPK and cholesterol. Lead accumulation was more in the liver rather than the breast muscle. There was no significant difference between males and females as for concentration of lead in muscle and liver of quail. Conclusion: Quail have capabilities to accumulate lead in their tissues. In addition, it can lead to apparent changes in enzymes and blood biochemical factors, which show adverse effects of heavy metals on the immune and physiological system of birds.
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Wahab, Muhammad Amiruddin, Khairiyah Mat, Mohamad Faiz Mohd Nor, Muhammad Aiman Adam, Muhammad Syazwan Ramli, Nor Dini Rusli, Che Harun Hasnita, and Raja Ili Airina Raja Khalif. "Comparative study of hatchability rate and egg quality between different strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 6, no. 2 (July 17, 2021): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v6i2.564.
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The objectives of this study were to determine morphology of Japanese quail strains andhatchability rate and egg quality between commercial strain which is Poultry Progress Institute(IKTA) strain and White Texas strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) rear in Malaysia. Atotal of 300 quails were randomly picked and the breastbone length, chest girth, body weight,body length, shank length and drum length were measured for the morphology. Then, 270 eggs ofCommercial and White Texas strains were used to test the hatchability rate (n=150) and eggquality (n=120). The ratio of the parents of the quails between male and female of each type ofstrain were 1:3. The cleanliness, shape, weight, and texture of the eggshell were observed,weighed and measured. The eggs were incubated for 17 days (37.6 °C, 65% humidity). The shapeindex, egg weight, egg volume and eggshell surface were weighed and measured for the exteriortrait of eggs. For interior trait, the albumen index, Haugh units, and internal quality units (IQU)were measured. Significant findings were observed in all of the features (P<0.05), except for thewing length in morphology. For hatchability rate, there was a high significant in the percentage ofhatchability of incubated eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs and smoothness texture of the eggshell.In egg quality there was high significant in Haugh unit but low significant internal quality unit.The significant variability might be due from the genetic information that inherited from theparents. The IKTA and White strains were not the same in morphology, hatchability rate andinterior trait of eggs but same exterior trait of eggs. In conclusion, this research is important ingiving information about Japanese quail strain in Malaysia and more genetic study should be donein the future to determine good strain and increase understanding about quail strain.
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Lukanov, H., A. Genchev, and P. Kolev. "COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF EGG PRODUCTION IN WG, GG AND GL JAPANESE QUAIL POPULATIONS." Trakia Journal of Sciences 16, no. 4 (2018): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2018.04.011.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate egg production in three heavy Japanese quail populations created and reared in the Poultry Breeding Unit of the Trakia University – Bulgaria, marked as WG, GG and GL. In the experiments, 160 female birds from populations WG and GG, and 96 female birds from population GL were tested up to the 6th production month. The main egg production traits were controlled. The highest egg production for the period was demonstrated in group GL (79.84±4.46%), followed by group GG (76.33±3.40%) and group WG (72.11±4.16%). Quails from the WG group were outlined with least efficient feed conversion per egg (74.49±1.21 g feed), while those from the GL group: with the most efficient one – 64.93±1.41 g (p<0.01). The highest average egg weight in descending order was observed in the WG group (14.04±0.32 g), GG group (13.65±0.27 g) and GL group (12.79±0.29 g). The Japanese quail populations created and maintained at the Trakia University showed a potentially good egg production for the production type they belonged to, which makes them attractive for use in interline hybridisation schedules, including for production of autosexing stock layers.
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Pizzolante, Carla C., Sérgio K. Kakimoto, José E. Moraes, Ana Paula O. Saccomani, Daniela F. Soares, Gustavo C. Paschoalin, and Fábio E. L. Budiño. "Bovine meat and bone meal is an economically viable alternative in quail feeding in the initial phase." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 88, no. 2 (May 31, 2016): 983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150146.
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Quail egg production has experienced a steep rise in the last decade. Nutrition is the main factor affecting productive potential in the poultry industry, as appropriate nutritional management is necessary to ensure the maintenance of optimal physical conditions, growth and the production of high quality products. Meat and bone meal (MBM) has often been used in the poultry industry as an alternative and cost-effective source of protein in partial replacement of corn and soybean meal. However, there have been no studies to date that have investigated the effect of dietary MBM on the performance of quail or on the costs of production in the starter phase. This is particularly important considering that this phase is characterized by large investments by producers, without immediate economic return. In this study, we investigated whether partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) in the diet of Japanese quail during the starter phase is a viable alternative that would maintain or improve their productive and economic performance. Our results show that the inclusion of MBM in the diet of quail reduces feeding costs by up to 6% without impairing productive performance.
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Dudusola, I. O., E. A. Adeyemi, and S. I. Ayodele. "Prediction of Japanese quail egg weight using egg components as regressors." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 5 (December 19, 2020): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i5.263.
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This study was conducted on one hundred freshly laid eggs from Japanese quails with the purpose of predicting quail egg weight (EW) from some internal and external egg components, and also to have accurate and reliable models, for the prediction of egg weight without the use of sensitive scale. The following external (egg weight, egg width, egg length, shell thickness) and internal (yolk width, yolk length, albumen height and haugh unit) components were measured and the level of relationships between them were determined. Descriptive statistics for egg weight, egg length, egg width, albumen height, yolk height, yolk width, shell thickness and haugh unit were 9.13g, 2.97cm, 2.33cm, 0.57cm, 1.14cm, 2.18cm, 0.13mm and 57.58, respectively. Intercept and slope of regression between variables were determined. Generated values were used in multiple, double and simple linear regression equations, respectively. A total of ten prediction equations comprising three multiple, six double and nine simple linear resulted from the data generated. All the equations developed can be used in egg type quail operations. Each prediction equation with egg weight as the dependent variable will assist poultry breeders and farmers in particular in determining the precise egg weight of eggs laid by birds on the farm.
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Bertipaglia, Letícia Abaker, Márcia Izumi Sakamoto, Liandra Maria Abaker Bertipaglia, and Gabriel Maurício Peruca de Melo. "Lipid sources in diets for egg-laying japanese quail: performance and egg quality." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 38, no. 3 (August 8, 2016): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v38i3.30925.
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This study evaluated the effect of using lipid sources of plant and animal origin in diets for Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on production performance and internal egg quality. Japanese quails (n = 160) were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replications of five birds each. Lipid sources evaluated were: soybean oil, from poultry slaughterhouse, fish waste and grape seed. The characteristics of performance and internal egg quality were measured every 21 days for a total period of 84 days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey’s test. There was no effect of treatments on the production performance of birds, except for feed intake, which was higher for birds fed grape seed oil in the diet. Lipid sources evaluated had no influence on the internal egg quality. It can be concluded that the lipid sources evaluated here in can be used as alternative energy in feed for laying quails, without affecting the performance and internal egg quality.
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Cherney, L. S., H. V. Fesenko, А. V. Prokhorov, О. Yu Moroz, and V. M. Liaskivskiy. "The Beetles (Coleoptera) dangerous for Japanese quail Coturnix japonica Temminck et Schlegel, 1849 (Phasanidae) at farms." Ukrainian Entomological Journal 16, no. 1 (October 2, 2019): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/281906.
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Reproduction of the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica Temminck et Schlegel, 1849, at private farms has led to the formation of a complex of insects harming this species of birds. Darkling beetles Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1796) and A. laevigatus (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) are the main pests of Japanese quail. Alphitobius diaperinus had already been recorded causing damage to the poultry industry in Crimea. Its larvae and adults attack chicks in the mass. Significant cannibalism is recorded for A. laevigatus in laboratory conditions. We suppose that complex of harmful insects will be added by species of the genus Ulomoides Blackburn, 1888, namely U. dermestoides (Chevrolat, 1878) imported into Ukraine. Properties of the adopted wreckers, providing their invulnerability in poultry houses, are first shown, namely: mass breeding of A. diaperinus due to feeding on other birds, ability of females of U. dermestoides to oviposit eggs during 1,5 month after the singular copulation, duration of the larval stage up to 96–110 days (usually one month long) due to a cannibalism only. The features of development and behavior of U. dermestoides are shown resembling these of A. diaperinus. The results of studies on the lifecycle’ peculiarities carried out at 2012–2019 under the laboratory conditions are given. The practical role of A. diaperinus, A. laevigatus and U. dermestoides is discussed. The forecast regarding the negative impact of U. dermestoides on the aviculture development in the Southern Ukraine is presented. The data on the poisoning of birds (C. japonica) with beetles of bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) (Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) are shown. Present contribution is beneficial not only for specialists in fundamental research, but also for practitioners, in particular for personnel of State Veterinary and Plant Health as well as the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. First worked out and recommended a production trap for a fishing-out in the poultry houses of harmfuls beetles and their larvae at the presence of birds.
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Golubiev, M. I., M. Yu Sychov, and T. A. Golubieva. "ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ МОЛОДНЯКУ ПЕРЕПЕЛІВ ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ РІЗНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ КУПРУМУ У КОМБІКОРМІ." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 2 (April 20, 2017): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_21.
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<p>We investigated the growing quail patterns while feeding with different sources of copper. We conducted experimental studies in terms of problem research Laboratory of feed additives, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. We selected Pharaon quails as the material for scientific experiments which was carried out by analog group method. The study was conducted on 120 day-old Japanese quail chicks which were randomly divided into three group viz., 1, 2, and 3 of hundred birds each. Group 2 and 3 were given feed supplement, with copper sulphate, copper glycinate, and copper citrate twice per day – in morning and in evening along with basal diet and the group 1 was kept as control.</p><p>We established that body weight of quails fed with copper citrate (copper contain 8 mg/kg of feed) was by 2 % larger then in control group. During the study, we registered high level of quail preservation in the experimental groups. The poultry, which fed copper citrate had the lowest cost of feed per one kilo of growth.</p>
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Yusifova, K. Y. "ASPECTS OF IMMUNIZATION OF BIRDS BY CULTURAL VACCINES AGAINST DISEASES FOWL POX." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-1.32.
Full textAbstract:
A serious problem for the development of industrial avian diseases is the emergence of viral diseases, in particular fowl pox virus. Improvement of dysfunctional farms for fowl pox, elimination of foci of pathogens are the most difficult problems facing modern veterinary science and practice. Outbreaks in poultry farms, leading to the need for veterinary and sanitary measures, are a way to protect the poultry from infection on the farm, which is very expensive. In recent years, attempts have been made to improve the means for specific prophylaxis of avian fowl pox diseases. This article describes the widespread use of the cultural vaccine in poultry farming, notes the promise of a cultured cell system, quail embryos, characteristic of economy, the absence of extraneous contaminants, the stability of biological properties, which facilitates the work with them, and is of no small importance in the production of vaccines.
The article describes the analysis of the possible cultivation of the strain "Baku".
It is also shown that embryos of Japanese origin are more convenient and advantageous tissues for the cultural production of primary cell systems, as well as for biological mass, vaccine production, simplicity, economy, lack of extraneous contaminants and biological properties. It is shown that the culture of the cells of Japanese quail embryos is a promising system for creating highly immunogenic agents that provide special protection against diseases lacking extraneous contaminants and stable biological properties.
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Shumaker, Steven, Bhuwan Khatri, Stephanie Shouse, Dongwon Seo, Seong Kang, Wayne Kuenzel, and Byungwhi Kong. "Identification of SNPs Associated with Stress Response Traits within High Stress and Low Stress Lines of Japanese Quail." Genes 12, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12030405.
Full textAbstract:
Mitigation of stress is of great importance in poultry production, as chronic stress can affect the efficiency of production traits. Selective breeding with a focus on stress responses can be used to combat the effects of stress. To better understand the genetic mechanisms driving differences in stress responses of a selectively bred population of Japanese quail, we performed genomic resequencing on 24 birds from High Stress (HS) and Low Stress (LS) lines of Japanese quail using Illumina HiSeq 2 × 150 bp paired end read technology in order to analyze Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) within the genome of each line. SNPs are common mutations that can lead to genotypic and phenotypic variations in animals. Following alignment of the sequencing data to the quail genome, 6,364,907 SNPs were found across both lines of quail. 10,364 of these SNPs occurred in coding regions, from which 2886 unique, non-synonymous SNPs with a SNP% ≥ 0.90 and a read depth ≥ 10 were identified. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we identified genes affected by SNPs in pathways tied to immune responses, DNA repair, and neurological signaling. Our findings support the idea that the SNPs found within HS and LS lines of quail could direct the observed changes in phenotype.
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Yasar, S., E. Boselli, F. Rossetti, and M. S. Gok. "Effect of Fermented Cereals, Probiotics, and Phytase on the Sensory Quality of Poultry Meat." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0029.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The sensory properties of poultry meat obtained from meat-type broiler chickens fed with fermented cereals and two different fermented supplements, and Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) fed diets including fermented cereals (wheat, barley or oats), three probiotics (from E. faecium, B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae) and two different phytase preparations were evaluated. Fermented grains (particularly wheat and barley) decreased the sensory quality of meat. The use of three probiotic products and phytase did not negatively influence the sensory quality of the quail meats. The diets containing S. cerevisiae (probiotic) produced a highly appreciated meat. The less preferred meat samples were obtained from the quails fed diets containing fermented wheat, fermented barley, and E. faecium, due to the off-flavour and odour as well as tanginess. The supplementation of naturally or yeast-fermented liquid whey and lemon pomace was very effective to overcome the bad sensory quality (fish and metallic off-flavour and taste) of the broiler meat obtained by administering the control diet (rich in vegetable oil and fermented wheat).
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Suci, D. M., Supanti Supanti, Yudhi Setiyantari, and Romasta Napitupulu. "Pemberian Berbagai Level Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dan Minyak Ikan (Centrophorus atromarginatus) dalam Ransum Puyuh terhadap Performa, Kolesterol dan Profil Asam Lemak Telur." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 18, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.18.1.24-31.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to evaluated the effect of giving water hyacinth and fish oil in quail diet on the performance, egg cholesterol and egg fatty acid profile. This study used 200 unsex day old quail divided into 5 treatments and 4 replications that were reared 5 weeks and then selected male or female. The results of sexing quail at week 5 were 95 females and 86 males. Growth period diets (0-5 weeks) contains 24% crude protein and metabolic energy of 2900 kcal kg-1 and production period diets (5-12 weeks) contains 22% crude protein and 2900 kcal kg-1. The experimental design used a completely randomized design with the treatment of using water hyacinth that was 0%,1%, 2%, 3 % and 4% with fish oil which was 0%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% in quail diet. The variables measured were quail performance (0-5 week age and 5-12 week age), egg cholesterol, and egg fatty acid profile. The results showed that using of water hyacinth meal 1% -4% and fish oil 4%-5% in the diet of the growth period resulted in higher feed consumption and body weight gain than diet without water hyacinth and fish oil but feed conversion rasio were same. Quail performance of the production period was not affected by all treatments. Unsaturated fatty acids tend to increased in quail eggs. The lowest cholesterol level of quail eggs was by giving 2% of water hyacinth meal and 5% of fish oil in the diet. It was concluded that water hyacinth can be used as local feed ingredients in quail diet until 4%.
Key words: Coturnix coturnix japonica, egg cholesterol, egg fatty acid profile, performance, production
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aboul-Enein AM, Al-Abd A, Shalaby EA, Abul-Ela F, Nasr-Allah AA & Mahmoud AM. 2011. Eichornia crassipes (MarT) solm. Plant Signal Behaviour. 6(6): 834-836
Afrose S, Hossain MS & Tsuji H. 2010. Effect of dietary karaya saponin on serum and egg yolk cholesterol in laying hens. British Poultry Science. 51 (6) : 797-804
Adeyemi OA, Adekoya JA & Abayomi R. 2012. Performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing cassave leaf: blood meal mix as replacement for soybean meal. Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola. 12 (1): 212-219
Aziz Z, Cyriac S, Beena V & Philomina PT. 2012.Comparison of cholesterol content in chicken, duck and quail eggs. Journal Veterinary Animal Science. 43: 64-66
Bragagnolo N & Rodriguez-Amaya DB. 2003. Comparison of the cholesterol content of Brazilian chicken and quail eggs. Journal of food Composition and Analysis. 16(2): 147-153
Chimote MJ, Barmase BS, Raut AS, Dhok AP & Kuralkar SV.2009. Effect of supplementation of probiotic and enzymes on performance of Japanese quails. Veterinary World. 2 (6): 219-220
Damongilala LJ. 2008. Kandungan asam lemak tak jenuh minyak hati ikan cucut botol (Cenctrophorus sp) yang diekstraksi dengan cara pemanasan. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains. 8(2): 249-253
Grigorova S, Nikolova M, Penkov D & Gerzilov V. 2014. Egg yolk lipid change in Japanese given Tribulus terrestris extract. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science. 20 (6) : 1472-1476
Guclu BK, Uyanik F & Iscan KM. 2008. Effect of dietary oil sources on egg quality, fatty acid composition of eggs and blood lipids in laying quail. South American Journal of Animal Science. 38 (2): 91-100
Hartoyo B, Irawan I & Iriyanti N. 2005. Pengaruh asam lemak dan kadar serat kasar yang berbeda dalam ransum broiler terhadap kandungan kolesterol, HDL dan LDL serum darah. Animal Production. 7(1):27-33.
Hemid, AEA, El-Gawad AAH, El-Wardany I, El-Daly EF & El-Azeem NAA. 2010. Alleviating effect of some environmental stress factors on productive performance in Japanese quail 2.Laying performance. World Journal of Agricultural Science. 6(5): 517-524
Hilmi M, Sumiati & Astuti DA.2015. Egg production and physical quality in Coturnix coturnix japonica fed diet containing piperine as phytogenic feed additive. Media Peternakan. 38(3): 150-155
Kamely M, Torshizi MAK & Khosravinia H. 2016. Omega 3 enrichment of quail eggs: age, fish oil, and savory essensial oil. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 18 (2): 347-359
Khairani, Sumiati & Wiryawan KG. 2016. Egg production and quality of quails fed diets with varying levels of methionine and choline chloride. Media Peternakan. 39 (1): 34-39
Kurniawan M, Izzati M & Nurchayati Y. 2010. Kandungan klorofil, karotenoid, dan vitamin C pada beberapa spesies tumbuhan akuatik. Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi. 18(1):28-40
Leeson S & Summers JD. 2005. Commercial Poultry Nutrition. Third Edition. Canada (CA): Nottingham University Pr.
LiYX, Wang YQ, Pang YZ, Li JX, Xie XH, Guo TJ & Li WQ. 2011. The effect of crude protein level in diets on laying performance, nutrien digestibility of yellow quails. International Journal of Poultry Science. 10(2): 110-112
Malik AA, Aremu A, Ayanwale BA & Ijaiya. AT 2016. A Nutritional evaluation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes. Martius Solms-laubach) meal diets supplemented with Maxigrain* Enzyme for growing pulllets. Journal of Raw Material Research Nigeria. 10(2): 18-44
Mahmood M, Sial AR, Saima, Akram M, Pasha TN & Jabbar MA. 2014. Effect of dietary energy levels on growth performance and feed cost analysis in Japanese quail. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 45(5): 1357-1362
Mangisah I, Tristiarti, Murningsih W, Nasoetion MH, Jayanti ES & Astuti Y. 2006. Kecernaan nutrien eceng gondok yang difermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger pada ayam broiler. Journal of Indonesian Tropical Animal Agricultural. 31 (2): 124-128
Maulana IT, Sukraso & Damayanti S. 2014 .Kandungan asam lemak dalam minyak ikan Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. 6(1): 121-130
Metwally AA, El-Gellal AM & El-Sawaisi SM. 2009). Effect of silymarin on lipid metabolism in rat. World Applied Sciences Journal. 6 (12): 1634-1637
Mona MH, Morsy AS & Hasan AM. 2013. Egg yolk cholesterol and productive performance of laying hens influenced by dietary crude fiber levels under drinking natural salin water. Journal of Animal and Poultry Production. 4(3): 161-176
Muhammad M, Peter S, James G & Wosilat A. 2015. Growth performance of growing quails (Coturnix japonica) fed graded levels of Neem. International Journal of Applied Research. 1(2): 04-07
NRC.1994. Nutrient Requirement of Poultry. 9th Edition. Wahington D.C (US): National Academy
Odo BI & Nnadi AE. 2014. Growth response of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) to varying levels of cassava (Manihot esculenta) tuber meal as a replacement for maize (Zea mays). American Journal of Experimental Agricultural. 4(12): 1898-1903
Riswandi. 2014. Kualitas silase eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dengan penambahan dedak halus dan ubi kayu. Jurnal Peternakan Sriwijaya. 3(1): 1-6
Rusmana,D. 2007. Pengaruh substitusi minyak sawit oleh minyak ikan lemuru dan suplementasi vitamin E dalam ransum ayam broiler terhadap performans. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak. 7(2): 101-106
Saha S. & Ray AK. 2011. Evaluation of nutritive value of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaf meal in compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings after fermentation with two bacterial strains isolated from fish gut. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 11: 199-207
Sastrodihardjo S, Suci DM & Cahyanto MN. 1998. Penggunaan Minyak Ikan Lemuru dan Minyak Kelapa Sawit dalam ransum terhadap Kandungan Asam lemak Omega 3 dan Omega 6 dalam Kuning Telur Ayam. Bogor (ID): Seminar Nasional Peternakan dan Veteriner. Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian
Savory CJ & Gentle MJ. 1976. Changes in food intake and gut size in Japanese quail in response to manipulation of dietary fibre content. British Poultry Science. 17(6): 571-580
Sotolu AO & Sule SO. 2011. Digestibility and performance of water hyacinth meal in the diets of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus BURCHELL, 1822). Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystem. 14: 245-250
Sim JS, Kitts WD & Bragg DB. 1984. Effect of dietary saponin on egg cholesterol level and laying hen performance. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 64: 97-98
Tyagi T & Agarwal M. 2017. Antioxidant properties and phenolic compound in methanolic extracts of Eichornia crassipes. Reserarch journal of Phytochemistry. 11(2): 85-89.
Tolik D, Polawska E, Charuta A, Nowaczewski S & Cooper R. 2014.Characteristics of egg parts, chemical composition and nutritive value of Japanese quail eggs-a review. Folia Biological (Krakow). 62 (4): 287-292
Tunsaringkarn T, Tungjaroenchai W & Siriwong W. 2013. Nutrient benefits of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 3(5): 1-8
23
Suci, D. M., Supanti Supanti, Yudhi Setiyantari, and Romasta Napitupulu. "Pemberian Berbagai Level Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dan Minyak Ikan (Centrophorus atromarginatus) dalam Ransum Puyuh terhadap Performa, Kolesterol dan Profil Asam Lemak Telur." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 18, no. 1 (July 5, 2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.v18i1.30993.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to evaluated the effect of giving water hyacinth and fish oil in quail diet on the performance, egg cholesterol and egg fatty acid profile. This study used 200 unsex day old quail divided into 5 treatments and 4 replications that were reared 5 weeks and then selected male or female. The results of sexing quail at week 5 were 95 females and 86 males. Growth period diets (0-5 weeks) contains 24% crude protein and metabolic energy of 2900 kcal kg-1 and production period diets (5-12 weeks) contains 22% crude protein and 2900 kcal kg-1. The experimental design used a completely randomized design with the treatment of using water hyacinth that was 0%,1%, 2%, 3 % and 4% with fish oil which was 0%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% in quail diet. The variables measured were quail performance (0-5 week age and 5-12 week age), egg cholesterol, and egg fatty acid profile. The results showed that using of water hyacinth meal 1% -4% and fish oil 4%-5% in the diet of the growth period resulted in higher feed consumption and body weight gain than diet without water hyacinth and fish oil but feed conversion rasio were same. Quail performance of the production period was not affected by all treatments. Unsaturated fatty acids tend to increased in quail eggs. The lowest cholesterol level of quail eggs was by giving 2% of water hyacinth meal and 5% of fish oil in the diet. It was concluded that water hyacinth can be used as local feed ingredients in quail diet until 4%.
Key words: Coturnix coturnix japonica, egg cholesterol, egg fatty acid profile, performance, production
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aboul-Enein AM, Al-Abd A, Shalaby EA, Abul-Ela F, Nasr-Allah AA & Mahmoud AM. 2011. Eichornia crassipes (MarT) solm. Plant Signal Behaviour. 6(6): 834-836
Afrose S, Hossain MS & Tsuji H. 2010. Effect of dietary karaya saponin on serum and egg yolk cholesterol in laying hens. British Poultry Science. 51 (6) : 797-804
Adeyemi OA, Adekoya JA & Abayomi R. 2012. Performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing cassave leaf: blood meal mix as replacement for soybean meal. Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola. 12 (1): 212-219
Aziz Z, Cyriac S, Beena V & Philomina PT. 2012.Comparison of cholesterol content in chicken, duck and quail eggs. Journal Veterinary Animal Science. 43: 64-66
Bragagnolo N & Rodriguez-Amaya DB. 2003. Comparison of the cholesterol content of Brazilian chicken and quail eggs. Journal of food Composition and Analysis. 16(2): 147-153
Chimote MJ, Barmase BS, Raut AS, Dhok AP & Kuralkar SV.2009. Effect of supplementation of probiotic and enzymes on performance of Japanese quails. Veterinary World. 2 (6): 219-220
Damongilala LJ. 2008. Kandungan asam lemak tak jenuh minyak hati ikan cucut botol (Cenctrophorus sp) yang diekstraksi dengan cara pemanasan. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains. 8(2): 249-253
Grigorova S, Nikolova M, Penkov D & Gerzilov V. 2014. Egg yolk lipid change in Japanese given Tribulus terrestris extract. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science. 20 (6) : 1472-1476
Guclu BK, Uyanik F & Iscan KM. 2008. Effect of dietary oil sources on egg quality, fatty acid composition of eggs and blood lipids in laying quail. South American Journal of Animal Science. 38 (2): 91-100
Hartoyo B, Irawan I & Iriyanti N. 2005. Pengaruh asam lemak dan kadar serat kasar yang berbeda dalam ransum broiler terhadap kandungan kolesterol, HDL dan LDL serum darah. Animal Production. 7(1):27-33.
Hemid, AEA, El-Gawad AAH, El-Wardany I, El-Daly EF & El-Azeem NAA. 2010. Alleviating effect of some environmental stress factors on productive performance in Japanese quail 2.Laying performance. World Journal of Agricultural Science. 6(5): 517-524
Hilmi M, Sumiati & Astuti DA.2015. Egg production and physical quality in Coturnix coturnix japonica fed diet containing piperine as phytogenic feed additive. Media Peternakan. 38(3): 150-155
Kamely M, Torshizi MAK & Khosravinia H. 2016. Omega 3 enrichment of quail eggs: age, fish oil, and savory essensial oil. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 18 (2): 347-359
Khairani, Sumiati & Wiryawan KG. 2016. Egg production and quality of quails fed diets with varying levels of methionine and choline chloride. Media Peternakan. 39 (1): 34-39
Kurniawan M, Izzati M & Nurchayati Y. 2010. Kandungan klorofil, karotenoid, dan vitamin C pada beberapa spesies tumbuhan akuatik. Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi. 18(1):28-40
Leeson S & Summers JD. 2005. Commercial Poultry Nutrition. Third Edition. Canada (CA): Nottingham University Pr.
LiYX, Wang YQ, Pang YZ, Li JX, Xie XH, Guo TJ & Li WQ. 2011. The effect of crude protein level in diets on laying performance, nutrien digestibility of yellow quails. International Journal of Poultry Science. 10(2): 110-112
Malik AA, Aremu A, Ayanwale BA & Ijaiya. AT 2016. A Nutritional evaluation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes. Martius Solms-laubach) meal diets supplemented with Maxigrain* Enzyme for growing pulllets. Journal of Raw Material Research Nigeria. 10(2): 18-44
Mahmood M, Sial AR, Saima, Akram M, Pasha TN & Jabbar MA. 2014. Effect of dietary energy levels on growth performance and feed cost analysis in Japanese quail. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 45(5): 1357-1362
Mangisah I, Tristiarti, Murningsih W, Nasoetion MH, Jayanti ES & Astuti Y. 2006. Kecernaan nutrien eceng gondok yang difermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger pada ayam broiler. Journal of Indonesian Tropical Animal Agricultural. 31 (2): 124-128
Maulana IT, Sukraso & Damayanti S. 2014 .Kandungan asam lemak dalam minyak ikan Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. 6(1): 121-130
Metwally AA, El-Gellal AM & El-Sawaisi SM. 2009). Effect of silymarin on lipid metabolism in rat. World Applied Sciences Journal. 6 (12): 1634-1637
Mona MH, Morsy AS & Hasan AM. 2013. Egg yolk cholesterol and productive performance of laying hens influenced by dietary crude fiber levels under drinking natural salin water. Journal of Animal and Poultry Production. 4(3): 161-176
Muhammad M, Peter S, James G & Wosilat A. 2015. Growth performance of growing quails (Coturnix japonica) fed graded levels of Neem. International Journal of Applied Research. 1(2): 04-07
NRC.1994. Nutrient Requirement of Poultry. 9th Edition. Wahington D.C (US): National Academy
Odo BI & Nnadi AE. 2014. Growth response of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) to varying levels of cassava (Manihot esculenta) tuber meal as a replacement for maize (Zea mays). American Journal of Experimental Agricultural. 4(12): 1898-1903
Riswandi. 2014. Kualitas silase eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dengan penambahan dedak halus dan ubi kayu. Jurnal Peternakan Sriwijaya. 3(1): 1-6
Rusmana,D. 2007. Pengaruh substitusi minyak sawit oleh minyak ikan lemuru dan suplementasi vitamin E dalam ransum ayam broiler terhadap performans. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak. 7(2): 101-106
Saha S. & Ray AK. 2011. Evaluation of nutritive value of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaf meal in compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings after fermentation with two bacterial strains isolated from fish gut. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 11: 199-207
Sastrodihardjo S, Suci DM & Cahyanto MN. 1998. Penggunaan Minyak Ikan Lemuru dan Minyak Kelapa Sawit dalam ransum terhadap Kandungan Asam lemak Omega 3 dan Omega 6 dalam Kuning Telur Ayam. Bogor (ID): Seminar Nasional Peternakan dan Veteriner. Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian
Savory CJ & Gentle MJ. 1976. Changes in food intake and gut size in Japanese quail in response to manipulation of dietary fibre content. British Poultry Science. 17(6): 571-580
Sotolu AO & Sule SO. 2011. Digestibility and performance of water hyacinth meal in the diets of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus BURCHELL, 1822). Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystem. 14: 245-250
Sim JS, Kitts WD & Bragg DB. 1984. Effect of dietary saponin on egg cholesterol level and laying hen performance. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 64: 97-98
Tyagi T & Agarwal M. 2017. Antioxidant properties and phenolic compound in methanolic extracts of Eichornia crassipes. Reserarch journal of Phytochemistry. 11(2): 85-89.
Tolik D, Polawska E, Charuta A, Nowaczewski S & Cooper R. 2014.Characteristics of egg parts, chemical composition and nutritive value of Japanese quail eggs-a review. Folia Biological (Krakow). 62 (4): 287-292
Tunsaringkarn T, Tungjaroenchai W & Siriwong W. 2013. Nutrient benefits of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 3(5): 1-8
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Mohammed, Dejeen A., Jameela H. Salih, and Shekhmous H. Hussen. "Effect of Different Protein Sources with Different Levels on Growth Performance and Carcass Dissection of Japanese Quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)." Science Journal of University of Zakho 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.25271/sjuoz.2021.9.1.766.
Full textAbstract:
The fish meal and soybean meal are the most used protein sources in poultry rations, especially in quail birds due to their higher requirements of crude protein that affecting their growth rate. The objective was to investigate the effect of source of dietary protein and its levels on growth traits, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters. This study was conducted at poultry farm in Duhok city/College of agricultural engineering sciences/Animal production Department/ Kurdistan Region- Iraq, 2020. A total of 360 one-day unsexed chicks of J. quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) were divided equally into two groups (treatments) according to protein source (fishmeal and soybean meal groups), each group involved three levels of crude protein (20, 23 and 26 % CP), and each level had three replicates. The birds distributed randomly on the cages which contained 20 birds / replicate. The main results were as follow; fishmeal source of diet protein surpassed significantly soybean in live body weight (LBW), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and carcass characteristics. The level of 26 % crude protein (CP) in the diet recorded the best LBW, WG and FCR; while the level of 23 % CP surpassed both 20 % and 26 % in mortality rate and carcass dissections. However, total protein, hemoglobin and albumen parameters in the blood were not affected significantly (p>0.05) neither by protein source nor by its levels in the quail rations. As conclusion, fish meal was better than soybean meal; and 26 % CP was the best level.
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McPherson, Marla C., Charmaine M. Robinson, Lida P. Gehlen, and Mary E. Delany. "Comparative cytogenomics of poultry: mapping of single gene and repeat loci in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)." Chromosome Research 22, no. 1 (March 7, 2014): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10577-014-9411-2.
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Herve, Tchoffo, Kana Jean Raphaël, Ngoula Ferdinand, Folack Tiwa Laurine Vitrice, Adoum Gaye, Moussa Mahamat Outman, and Ngouozeu Moyo Willy Marvel. "Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Profile, Oxidative Status, and Fertility Traits in Male Japanese Quail Fed on Ginger (Zingiber officinale, Roscoe) Essential Oil." Veterinary Medicine International 2018 (June 28, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7682060.
Full textAbstract:
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale, Rosc.) essential oil on growth performance, serum biochemical profile, oxidative stress, and histological structure of testes and fertility traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). 96 three-week-old male Japanese quail weighing between 120 and 130 g were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups in a completely randomized design. Each group was divided into 4 replicates of 6 quails. Quails in control group received orally 100 μl/kg bw of distilled water, while the three test groups received, respectively, by gastric intubation 50, 100, and 150 μl/kg bw of ginger essential oil. At 12 weeks old, twelve birds per treatment were randomly selected and fasted for 24 hours, weighed, and slaughtered to assess organ and biochemical parameters. At the same period, 4 mature male quails per treatment were chosen at random and individually housed in cages, each with four untreated females for fertility and hatchability traits. The main results revealed that growth characteristics were not markedly (P>0.05) affected by essential oil whatever the dose. The left testis weight increased significantly (P<0.05) with 100 and 150 μl/kg bw of essential oil compared to the control. The serum content in total cholesterol and triglycerides, the liver weight, the serum content in transaminases, and malondialdehyde decreased in treated quails. The serum content in total protein and globulin and the antioxidant enzymes activities increased in treated birds compared to the control. The histological changes in the testis were less visible in treated Japanese quails. At the doses of 100 and 150 μl/kg bw, this essential oil induced a significant increase (P<0.05) in fertility rate compared to the control. Under the conditions of this study, the ginger rhizomes essential oil can be used in poultry to reduce the lipid peroxidation in reproductive tissues and improve the fertility traits.
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Suci, Dwi Margi, N. U. Nuha, and Suryahadi Suryahadi. "Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) dalam Air Minum terhadap Performa dan Kualitas Fisik Telur Puyuh Malon." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 17, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.17.3.73-77.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of kemuning leaves (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) extract supplementation of the drinking water on performance and physical quality of egg. Twenty-four weeks old of malon hybrid quails which amounts to 240 birds were allocated in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and two replications. The treatments were namely P0 = control (without kemuning leaves extrct), and added kemuning leaves extract into drinking water (4 consecutive days per weeks) with dose of 3% (P1), 5% (P2) and 7% (P3). The commercial diet used in this study contained 20.01 % of crude protein. The results showed that supplementation of 3% and 7% of kemuning leaves extract into drinking water had no significant difference on performance and physical quality of egg. It was concluded that the dose of 5% kemuning leaf extract addition into total drinking water tends to produce the highest egg production (85%).
Key words: Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, performance malon quail, egg physical quality
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Andari, A, Anisa EN, Wulandari RF & Suci DM. 2018. Efek suplementasi jamu rempah pada puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica) terhadap performa dan kadar kolesterol telur. Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 16 (2): 34-41
Adfa, M.2007. Isolasi senyawa flavonoid aktif berkhasiat sitotoksik dari daun kemuning (Murraya paniculata L.Jack). Jurnal Gradien 3(2): 262-266
Halimah, H, Suci, DM &Wijayanti I.2019. Studi potensi penggunaan daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) sebagi bahan antibakteri Escherichia coli dan Salmonella typhimurium. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 24 (1): 56-64
Hanusova E, Hrnčár C, Hanus A, & Oravcová M. 2016. Egg traits in Japanese quail. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica 19 (Special Issue) : 62-67
Hilmi,M, Sumiati & Astuti DA. 2015. Egg production and physical quality in Coturnix-coturnix Japonica fed diet containing piperine as phytogenic feed additive. Media Peternakan 38 (3): 150-155
Hrnčár C, Hanusová E, Hanus A & Bujko J. 2014. Effect of genotype on egg quality characteristic of Japanese quail (Coturnix Japonica). Slovak Journal of Animal Science 47(1): 6-11.
Iskender H, Yenice G, Dokumacioglu E, Kaynar O, Hayirli A, & Kaya A. 2016. The effect of dietary flavonoid supplementation on the antioxidant status of laying hens. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. 18 (4): 663-668
Nowaczewski S, Kontecka H, Rosiñski A, & Koronowsk SBP. 2010. Egg quality of Japanese quail depends on layer age and storage time. Folia biologica (Kraków) 58(3-4): 201-207
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Merzlyakova, O. G., and V. A. Rogachev. "Use of silver nanoparticles in quail feeding." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 50, no. 2 (May 28, 2020): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-2-9.
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The results of introducing silver nanocomposite based on zeolite and as part of Argovit preparation into the diet of poultry are presented. The experiment was carried out on quails of the Japanese breed during the periods of bird rearing (60 days) and productive use of laying quails (95 days). For the research, three groups were formed from quails aged one day (one control and two experimental) of 50 heads each. The quails were kept on a test farm in Novosibirsk Region in cell batteries subject to the required microclimate conditions. All groups received feed (the main diet), tailored to the age and physiological characteristics of quails. A silver nanocomposite based on zeolite and as part of Argovit preparation at a dose of 40 μg/kg of feed (on pure element) was additionally introduced into the feed for the birds of the experimental groups for 21 days. The effect of the supplements used was studied by the following parameters: survival rate of quail chicks, their growth intensity, feed efficiency ratio, indicators of meat and egg productivity, and quality of hatching eggs. The chemical composition of the feed, quail meat and eggs obtained from laying quails was studied in a biochemical laboratory using generally accepted methods of zootechnical analysis. When feeding experimental birds on silver nanocomposite based on zeolite and as part of Argovit preparation, the survival rate of quails increased by 3.0–4.0%, the average daily gain in live weight increased by 6.48– 7.35%, and feed consumption per unit of the produce decreased by 13.14–16.62%. The egg production of laying quails increased by 6.00–7.45%, the yield of egg mass – by 6.02–7.89%, and the yield of hatching eggs – by 3.33–11.7%. The highest indicators of meat and egg productivity and feed efficiency were obtained in the first experimental group that consumed zeolite-based nanosilver. The economic effect in the experimental groups increased by 13.76-17.26% compared to the control group.
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Freitas, Ednardo Rodrigues, Ivan Bezerra Quevedo Filho, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Thales Marcel Bezerra Filgueira, Carlos Eduardo Braga Cruz, and Thaís Cruz Lopes Tavares. "Parboiled rice bran in japanese quail diets at growing phase and residual effect at laying period." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 37, no. 4 (August 2013): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542013000400009.
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Rice is the second largest cereal crop in the world and the by-products resulting from rice processing for human consumption are potential feedstuffs to compose poultry diets. In this sense, it was evaluated the influence of parboiled rice bran (PRB) in diets for Japanese quails in growing phase on the performance and digestibility, besides of residual effects and characteristics of egg quality in laying phase. A total of 324 Japanese quails with 7 days of age were distributed in a completely randomized design, with 6 treatments and 6 replicates of 9 birds. The treatments consisted of 6 isonutritives diets, being a control diet without PRB and the others containing 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. At the end of growing phase the birds were allotted in cages and fed the same diet without PRB at laying phase. At growing phase, the inclusion of PRB up to 5% promoted linear reduction in dry matter and gross energy digestibilities of diet; however a linear increase in metabolizable energy was noted. Feed intake, weight gain and final weight were reduced but not altering feed:gain ratio and body composition. At laying phase, the inclusion of PRB increased the age at first egg production but no influence was verified at age to reach 50% of egg production. No effect was verified at laying percentage, feed intake, weight and egg mass and feed:gain ratio. In economical evaluation, the inclusion of up to 25% of parboiled rice bran provided best economical indexes. The inclusion of PRB Japanese quails diets at growing phase can be recommended in levels up to 25%, without incurring future losses at laying phase.
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Sorrell, Erin M., Haichen Song, Lindomar Pena, and Daniel R. Perez. "A 27-Amino-Acid Deletion in the Neuraminidase Stalk Supports Replication of an Avian H2N2 Influenza A Virus in the Respiratory Tract of Chickens." Journal of Virology 84, no. 22 (September 8, 2010): 11831–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01460-10.
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ABSTRACT The events and mechanisms that lead to interspecies transmission of, and host adaptation to, influenza A virus are unknown; however, both surface and internal proteins have been implicated. Our previous report highlighted the role that Japanese quail play as an intermediate host, expanding the host range of a mallard H2N2 virus, A/mallard/Potsdam/178-4/83 (H2N2), through viral adaptation. This quail-adapted virus supported transmission in quail and increased its host range to replicate and be transmitted efficiently in chickens. Here we report that of the six amino acid changes in the quail-adapted virus, a single change in the hemagglutinin (HA) was crucial for transmission in quail, while the changes in the polymerase genes favored replication at lower temperatures than those for the wild-type mallard virus. Reverse genetic analysis indicated that all adaptive mutations were necessary for transmission in chickens, further implicating quail in extending this virus to terrestrial poultry. Adaptation of the quail-adapted virus in chickens resulted in the alteration of viral tropism from intestinal shedding to shedding and transmission via the respiratory tract. Sequence analysis indicated that this chicken-adapted virus maintained all quail-adaptive mutations, as well as an additional change in the HA and, most notably, a 27-amino-acid deletion in the stalk region of neuraminidase (NA), a genotypic marker of influenza virus adaptation to chickens. This stalk deletion was shown to be responsible for the change in virus tropism from the intestine to the respiratory tract.
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Darmani-Kuhi, Hassan, James France, Secundino López, and Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh. "A sinusoidal equation as alternative to conventional growth functions to describe the evolution of growth in quail." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 17, no. 3 (November 8, 2019): e0606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019173-14973.
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Aim of study: The aim of the present study was to introduce a sinusoidal equation into poultry science by applying it to temporal growth data from quail.Material and methods: To examine the performance of the sinusoidal equation in describing the growth patterns of quail, four conventional growth functions (Gompertz, logistic, López and Richards) were used as reference in this study. Comparison of models was carried out by analysing model behaviour when fitting the curves using nonlinear regression and assessing statistical performance. Maximum log-likelihood estimation, mean squared error, Akaike and Bayesian information criteria were used to evaluate the general goodness-of-fit of each model to the different data profiles.Main results: The selected sinusoidal equation precisely describes the growth dynamics of quail. Comparison of the growth functions in terms of the goodness-of-fit criteria revealed that the sinusoidal equation was one of the most appropriate functions to describe the age-related changes of bodyweight in quail.Research highlights: To the best of our knowledge there are no studies available on the use of sinusoidal equations to describe the evolution of growth in quail. The sinusoidal equation used in this study represents a suitable alternative to conventional growth functions to describe the growth curves for a range of strains/lines of male and female Japanese quail.
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Khalil, Mahmoud, Irek A. Malecki, Mahmoud El-Attrouny, and Graeme B. Martin. "Enzyme Treatment Improves The Utilization Of Lupin-Based Diets By Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica)." International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v4i1.13804.
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In poultry, feeding diets including high concentrations of non-starch polysaccharides limits growth rate and feed conversion ratio, and causes problems in health and welfare because of the production of wet droppings. This problem is becoming more important as pressure builds to reduce costs by using alternative sources of dietary protein, such as lupin grain, rather than fish- or soybean-meal. We therefore tested whether enzymes that break down non-starch polysaccharides can overcome the problems with a lupin-based diet fed to Japanese quail. Chicks (18 days old) were allocated among 8 treatments, each replicated 3 times, with 12 chicks per replicate (ie, 36 birds per treatment). Chicks were fed diets formulated to contain 24% crude protein and 12 MJ/kg apparent metabolisable energy (AME). The diets included 10% or 20% lupin meal and, for each level of lupin, they were formulated in one of four ways: 1) no enzyme; 2) pectinase (1.4 U/g polygalacturonase and 0.2 U/g pectinesterase); 3) xylanase (1,4 endo-xylanase; 0.38 U/g); 4) combination of the above pectinase and xylanase treatments. The results indicated that, from age 28 days of age, both lupin content and enzyme treatment significantly (P < 0.05) affected chick performance. Compared with the no-enzyme control, enzyme treatments improved growth at 35 days by 45-50% (P < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio by 20-30% (P < 0.05) for both levels of lupin content. In addition, dry matter digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy were significantly improved by the combined enzyme treatment for both levels of lupin inclusion. We conclude that pectinase and xylanase can overcome the negative effects of the non-starch polysaccharides in lupin meal, improving the growth of quail chicks fed lupin-based diets, and that the enzymes work best when combined.
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Mizushima, Shusei. "Establishment of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Technique in Japanese Quail and its Possible Application for Poultry Resources and Transgenic Birds." Journal of Poultry Science 49, no. 4 (2012): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0120042.
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Monte, Gersonval L. S., Daniel G. Cavalcante, and Jefferson B. S. Oliveira. "Parasitic profiling of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) on two farms with conventional production system in the Amazon region." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38, no. 5 (May 2018): 847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5274.
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ABSTRACT: The health monitoring and management systems of coturniculture can be deemed to be in a developmental phase when compared to the poultry industry. Studies regarding taxonomy and parasitic biology in quails (Coturnix japonica) has not been well conducted in Brazil. Most of the information is available from the autopsy case reports, in many ways the parasitic fauna of quails is still unknown. The aim of this study was to conduct a parasitological research in quails in order to contribute to ameliorate this situation. 31 quails, which were 12 months old, were used for the study. Their carcasses and viscera were sent to the Laboratory of Entomology and Tropical Diseases, INPA, Manaus/AM. The circulatory, nervous, respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems of these were studied separately. No blood parasites were found, however, nine species of endoparasites were registered which were distributed among the classes Cestoda, Nematoda and Protozoa. The helminths were distributed in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and oviduct. The cecum was found to be the most parasitized organ and contained a wide range of parasites having three species of protozoa and three species of nematodes. Six morphotypes of Eutrichomastix globosus were recorded, and some morphotypes were hyperparasitized with sporangia Sphaerita sp. in the cytoplasm. A large number of parasites were recorded in this study, as well as the protozoan Blastocystis hominis was first being observed for quail.
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Das, Mousumi, and Suman Kalyan Mandal. "Oxya hyla hyla (Orthoptera: Acrididae) as an Alternative Protein Source for Japanese Quail." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (October 29, 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/269810.
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Nutrient composition of the grasshoppers Oxya hyla hyla showed that they are a rich nutrient source containing 687.7 g protein/kg of dry body weight. Their antinutrient values fell within nutritionally acceptable values of the poultry bird Coturnix japonica japonica (Japanese quail). The most required essential amino acids and fatty acids were also present in sufficient amount. For feeding trial nine diets were formulated on an equal crude protein (230 g/kg) basis with grasshopper meal, fish meal, and soybean meal. Three sets of diets with grasshopper meal were prepared with 50 g/kg, 100 g/kg, and 150 g/kg grasshopper of total feed. Similarly, other diet sets were prepared with fish meal and also with soybean meal. Results were compared with another group of Japanese quails fed on a reference diet that was considered as control. Two experiments were conducted with a total number of 600, seven-day-old, Japanese quails. In experiment 1 for determination of growth performance, quails were randomly distributed into ten groups of males and ten groups of females containing 30 birds each. In experiment 2 for determination of laying performance, identical ten groups were prepared in ten repetitions (2 females and 1 male in each group) from the six-week-old birds of experiment 1. Birds of diet set GM2 have gained the highest body weight (male 4.04 g/bird/day; female 5.01 g/bird/day) followed by birds of FM3 diet set (male 3.72 g/bird/day; female 4.40 g/bird/day), whereas birds of reference diet have gained 3.05 g/bird/day for male and 3.23 g/bird/day for female. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds fed with GM2 was the lowest (male 3.33; female 2.97) whereas FCR of R group was higher (male 4.37; female 4.65) than grasshopper meal and fish meal based diets. Hen day production percentage was higher (72.2) in GM2 group, followed by FM3 (63.5) group. R group had lower 1st egg weight (9.0 g), weight gain (8.2 g), percentage of hen day production (41.8%), higher feed intake (33.6 g/day/bird), and age at 1st laid egg than the grasshopper meal and fish meal based diets. So growth and laying performance of the birds were significantly better in grasshopper meal and fish meal added diet fed sets than the reference diet fed group; among all the dietary groups 100 g/kg grasshopper meal added diet mostly gave significantly better results followed by 150 g/kg fish meal added diets. It was ascertained that the O. hyla hyla meal had pronounced positive response on the birds. So, the quails could be easily fed 100 g/kg grasshopper meal added diet as it was the most suitable alternative feedstuff compared to the conventional protein source based diets.
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Yuan, Yvonne V., David D. Kitts, and David V. Godin. "Interactive effects of increased intake of saturated fat and cholesterol on atherosclerosis in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)." British Journal of Nutrition 80, no. 1 (July 1998): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114598001810.
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Increasing the energy value of diets with dietary fat, particularly fats rich in saturated fatty acids, can result in the elevation of plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol. In the present study, experimental diets were designed to examine the effects of increasing the energy content of diets with a saturated fat source and cholesterol in a non-purified diet on hyperlipoproteinaemia and aortic plaque composition in the atherosclerosis-susceptible Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) model of human atherosclerosis. Commercial poultry diets containing two levels (i.e. 60 or 120 g/kg) of beef tallow as the primary source of saturated fat were balanced for endogenous cholesterol or supplemented with cholesterol (i.e. 0·5 or 5·0 g/kg) and fed to quail for 9 weeks to examine the effects on whole plasma, lipoprotein and aortic plaque lipid composition in relation to aortic plaque formation. Hypercholesterolaemia (P<0·001) was confirmed in birds fed on high-cholesterol (HC) diets only. An interaction (P=0·05) between dietary cholesterol and fat intake level was observed for plasma triacylglycerols (TG) and was specific to changes observed in VLDL composition. Diet-induced changes in lipoprotein total cholesterol, TG and phospholipid composition were greatest in the portomicron and VLDL fractions in birds fed on atherogenic diets. Hyperlipoproteinaemia induced by the 60 g/kg added beef tallow–HC diet resulted in significant (P<0·001) aortic plaque deposition, which was further enhanced in birds fed on the 120 g/kg beef tallow–HC diet. Quail fed on 120 g/kg beef tallow-HC diets exhibited the most severe aortic plaque formation, with marked increases in aortic tissue cholesterol content and quantifiable amounts of several cholesterol oxides (5,6α-epoxy-5α-cholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol, cholestanetriol, 7-ketocholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol). In summary, hyperlipoproteinaemia associated with HC diets with a greater proportion of energy from saturated fat produced a combined effect in altering plasma and lipoprotein lipid composition as well as aortic tissue cholesterol and cholesterol oxide content in the Japanese quail.
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Podol'nikov, V. E., L. I. Podobed, Yu V. Petrova, V. M. Bachinskaya, and M. M. Lugovoy. "The use of a concentrate of low molecular weight soybean substances to increase the productivity of quail and improve the dietary qualities of their meat." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 1, no. 4 (2020): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202004008.
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The article presents data on a scientific experiment conducted on quails of the Japanese breed. Data on the influence of the prebiotic drug «BioAxel» on the physiological parameters of quails have been established. The dynamics of the live weight of quails when feeding different dosages of the drug is estimated. In the experiment, the positive effect of different doses of the feed additive «BioAxel» on the average daily and gross growth of experimental birds (by 8,2–16,5% compared to the control) was established. The most effective method was feeding part of the BioAxel (5% of the feed weight) plus another part (4%) with water. A comprehensive veterinary and sanitary examination of quail slaughter products was also carried out when using the prebiotic drug «BioAxel»in the diet. It was found that this drug does not have a negative effect on the quality of meat. At the same time, the indicators of biological safety are within the limits of the norm established by current regulatory documents. In terms of nutritional value, the meat of quails raised with the use of the prebiotic drug «BioAxel» exceeds the meat of quails from the control group. The content of essential amino acids significantly increased in poultry meat of the experimental groups, and the total biological value in the test with Tetrahymena pyriformis exceeded the control parameters.
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Haqani, Mohammad Ibrahim, Shigeru Nomura, Michiharu Nakano, Tatsuhiko Goto, Atsushi J. Nagano, Atsushi Takenouchi, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Akira Ishikawa, and Masaoki Tsudzuki. "Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Egg-Quality and -Production Traits in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Using Restriction-Site Associated DNA Sequencing." Genes 12, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12050735.
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This research was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with egg-related traits by constructing a genetic linkage map based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) in Japanese quail. A total of 138 F2 females were produced by full-sib mating of F1 birds derived from an intercross between a male of the large-sized strain with three females of the normal-sized strain. Eggs were investigated at two different stages: the beginning stage of egg-laying and at 12 weeks of age (second stage). Five eggs were analyzed for egg weight, lengths of the long and short axes, egg shell strength and weight, yolk weight and diameter, albumen weight, egg equator thickness, and yolk color (L*, a*, and b* values) at each stage. Moreover, the age at first egg, the cumulative number of eggs laid, and egg production rate were recorded. RAD-seq developed 118 SNP markers and mapped them to 13 linkage groups using the Map Manager QTX b20 software. Markers were spanned on 776.1 cM with an average spacing of 7.4 cM. Nine QTL were identified on chromosomes 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, and Z using the simple interval mapping method in the R/qtl package. The QTL detected affected 10 egg traits of egg weight, lengths of the long and short axes of egg, egg shell strength, yolk diameter and weight, albumen weight, and egg shell weight at the beginning stage, yellowness of the yolk color at the second stage, and age at first egg. This is the first report to perform a quail QTL analysis of egg-related traits using RAD-seq. These results highlight the effectiveness of RAD-seq associated with targeted QTL and the application of marker-assisted selection in the poultry industry, particularly in the Japanese quail.
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Merzlyakova, O. G., and V. A. Rogachev. "The use of fractionated protein-vitamin flour from wheat bran in the diets of quails." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 51, no. 2 (June 7, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2021-2-8.
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The results of the experiment on the use of protein-vitamin flour from wheat bran, divided into fractions with particle size of 140, 400 and 800 µm in the diet of domesticated quails are presented. The experiment lasted for 60 days and was carried out according to the generally accepted methods on quails of the Japanese breed, formed in four similar groups (one control and three experimental), 80 heads each, at the age of one-day old. All groups received compound feed (the main diet), prepared taking into account the age and physiological characteristics of quails, but in the bird diet of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, part of the wheat (7%) was replaced with wheat protein-vitamin flour of three fractions with a particle size of 140, 400 and 800 µm, respectively. The poultry was kept in a battery cage under required microclimate conditions. The effect of feeding fractionated protein-vitamin flour from wheat bran was studied on the survival rate of quail chicks, their growth rate, indicators of meat productivity and hematological parameters, changes in the species composition of microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract. The optimal fractions of wheat bran flour as the new feed in the diets of quails were determined in terms of efficiency of their productive and physiological action. The introduction of protein-vitamin flour from wheat bran into the compound feed of quails with a particle size of 140 and 400 µm in the amount of 7% of the grain part of the diet increased the survival rate of quail chicks by 3.0%, the average daily gain in live weight by 2.30 and 5.59%, the weight of eviscerated bird carcass by 4.5 and 6.16%, protein content in meat by 0.84 and 0.57%. Feeding the quails with flour of various fractions did not have a positive effect on the conversion of feed into produce. The biochemical parameters of the quail chicks’ blood remained within the physiological norm. Fractionated protein-vitamin flour with a particle size of 400 and 800 µm stimulated the growth of bifidobacteria, and with a particle size of 140 and 800 µm inhibited the development of Escherichia coli.
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Vollmar, Solveig, Robin Wellmann, Daniel Borda-Molina, Markus Rodehutscord, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, and Jörn Bennewitz. "The Gut Microbial Architecture of Efficiency Traits in the Domestic Poultry Model Species Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Assessed by Mixed Linear Models." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 7 (May 29, 2020): 2553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401424.
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It is well known that mammals and avian gut microbiota compositions are shaped by the host genomes and affect quantitative traits. The microbial architecture describes the impact of the microbiota composition on quantitative trait variation and the number and effect distribution of microbiota features. In the present study the gut microbial architecture of feed-related traits phosphorus and calcium utilization, daily gain, feed intake and feed per gain ratio in the domestic poultry model species Japanese quail were assessed by mixed linear models. The ileum microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing techniques of growing individuals. The microbiability of the traits was on a similar level as the narrow sense heritability and was highly significant except for calcium utilization. The animal microbial correlation of the traits was substantial. Microbiome-wide association analyses revealed several traits associated and highly significant microbiota features, both on the bacteria genera as well as on the operational taxonomic unit level. Most features were significant for more than one trait, which explained the high microbial correlations. It can be concluded that the traits are polymicrobial determined with some microbiota features with larger effects and many with small effects. The results are important for the development of hologenomic selection schemes for feed-related traits in avian breeding programs that are targeting the host genome and the metagenome simultaneously.
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Özcan, Cahit, Tülay Çimrin, Yasin Yakar, and Sema Alaşahan. "The Effects of Dietary Olive Cake Meal on Fattening Performance, Carcass and Slaughter Traits in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 6 (July 2, 2021): 1030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i6.1030-1036.4112.
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This study was aimed at investigating the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of olive cake meal (0%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5%) on the fattening performance and slaughter and carcass traits of quails. For this purpose, 400 one-day-old Japanese quail chicks were randomly assigned to 4 groups, each with 5 replicates. The quails were fed on either a basal diet alone (Control Group) or a basal diet supplemented with olive cake meal at rates of 2.5% (Group I), 5% (Group II) and 7.5% (Group III) for a period of 42 days. At the end of the fattening period, dietary olive cake meal was observed not to have caused any adverse effect on body weight, feed intake and feed conversion rate. Eviscerated hot carcass weight, eviscerated cold carcass weight, wing weight, breast weight, thigh weight and edible visceral organ weights were determined to have improved in the treatment groups that received dietary olive cake meal, when compared to the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with olive cake meal, a waste product of the olive oil industry, at a level of 5%, was observed to produce the closest and most similar results to those of feeding on the basal diet. Thus, it is suggested that olive cake meal could be used as an alternative feedstuff for poultry. Furthermore, the use of olive cake meal as an alternative feedstuff would contribute to reducing both feed costs and environmental pollution.
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Jeke, Augustine, Crispen Phiri, Kudakwashe Chitiindingu, and Philip Taru. "Nutritional compositions of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) breed lines raised on a basal poultry ration under farm conditions in Ruwa, Zimbabwe." Cogent Food & Agriculture 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1473009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2018.1473009.
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Mielenz, N., E. Dittmar, and L. Schüler. "Effektivität der Zuchtwertschätzung mit transformierten Daten, überprüft mit Mutter-Töchter-Paaren eines Wachtelexperimentes." Archives Animal Breeding 43, no. 3 (October 10, 2000): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-43-299-2000.
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Abstract. Title of the paper: Effectiveness of genetic evaluation with transformed data by using dam-daughter pairs of Japanese quails In estimation of variance components with REML it has been assumed that the data were normally distributed. Egg production traits of poultry have been shown to exhibit markedly non-normal distributions. In this study, six traits from an unselected quail line were analysed. The original data were transformed using the well-established power transformation to approach normality. The genetic evaluation was carried out with a multipletrait animal model, based on transformed and untransformed data, respectively. Two traits of laying performance, of egg weight and body weight were analysed simultaneously. To compare the efficiency of breeding values the method of simulated selection with biological data (dam-daughter pairs) was used. To select the dams with intensities between 10% and 90% we used individual records and BLUP-breeding values, estimated with transformed and untransformed data. The response of such a selection was estimated using the corresponding daughter records. Only for the trait laying Performance up to 200 days of life we could indicate an advantage of the transformation. It was shown, that by changing from one trait to multiple-trait genetic evaluation non-normality could be compensate. For 10% intensity the selection for individual laying performance provided an unexpected high response in comparing with the BLUP-method.
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Edache, J. A., C. D. Tuleun, R. U. Muduudtai, and A. G. Yisa. "Effects of feeding varying levels of bakery waste meal on the performance and carcass values of growing Coturnix quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 3 (January 2, 2021): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i3.638.
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Since bakeries are scattered all over Nigeria and beyond, such feed materials like bakery waste abound and this can be tapped as a feed resource for poultry having little pressure of competition. A feeding trial of 6 weeks duration was conducted to determine the effect of replacing maize with bakery waste of CP; 3.32% and ME; 3221.88kcal/kg on the performance of growing Japanese quails.Two hundred two –week old quails of mixed sexes were randomly allocated to five diets in a completely randomized design. The five isonitrogenous (25% CP) diets incorporated 0, 8.31, 16.61, 24.92 and 28.69% of bakery waste at the expense of maize. The diets, however, varied in energy levels from 2,706.92 (Diet A) to 2,610.76kcal/kg ME (Diet E). Diets B (2,679.17), C (2,650.57) and D (2,623.75) were lower than diet A. Each diet was replicated three times. Feed intake (21.99, 20.34, 21.25, 23.83 and 22.97g/bird/day), weight gain (3.39, 3.29, 3.46, 3.61, 3.75g/bird/day) and feed conversion ratio (6.32, 6.17, 6.16, 6.62 and 6.31) did not differ significantly from the control. Water intake was significantly higher (p<0.05) on diet D (33.78ml/b/day) than on diets A (30.90) and B (30.99) only. Water intake on diets C (31.89) and E (32.91ml/bird/day) were not different. Feed cost/kg gain was significantly higher (p<0.05) for birds on dietsB (632.00) and A (617.67) than on diets C (542.33) and D (550.67) only. Other differences were not significant. Live weight, slaughter weight, plucked weight and drumstick were better on the diet with 100% bakery waste. Feed cost per kg diet decreased from 84.62 (diet A) to 78.75 (diet E) and has a cost saving of 6.94% over the control diet. Therefore, bakery waste could completely replace maize in diets for Japanese quail chicks without adverse effect on performance.
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Korwin-Kossakowska, A., K. Sartowska, A. Linkiewicz, G. Tomczyk, B. Prusak, and G. Sender. "Evaluation of the effect of genetically modified Roundup Ready soya bean and MON 810 maize in the diet of Japanese quail on chosen aspects of their productivity and retention of transgenic DNA in tissues." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (October 10, 2013): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-060.
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Abstract. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of genetically modified (GM) ingredients (soya bean meal and maize grain) used in poultry diets on birds' performance, as well as the accumulation of the transgenic DNA in eggs, breast muscle and internal organs. In the present experiment four generations of Japanese quails, which were subject to three different diets, two containing genetically modified organisms (GMO, soya and maize) and one GMO-free control, were analysed. Birds' performance traits were monitored along the trial. A screening molecular method – polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR) – was used to detect CaMV 35S promoter and nos terminator in the collected samples. Results showed no presence of modified DNA in the analysed products. According to the obtained results, it was concluded that there was no negative effect of the use of genetically modified soya bean meal or maize grain found with regard to final product safety for consumers or to birds' productivity.
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YASSER, Ibrahim Hamza, and Nihad Abdul ALI. "EFFECT OF ADDING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF BIOTINTO THE DIET IN SOME BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BLOOD SERUM OF JAPANESE QUAIL EXPOSED TO OXIDATIVE STRESS." MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 03, no. 02 (June 1, 2021): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8234.2-3.6.
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This experiment was conducted at the poultry farm of the college of Agriculture, University of Al-Qasim Green for the period from 26/9/2019 to 8/11/2019. The study was aimed to the effect of adding different levels of Biotin to the diet in some biochemical characteristics of the blood serum of Japanese quail exposed to oxidative stress . in the experiment, 300 unsexed Japanese quail birds were used. The eggs were obtained from the Agricultural Research Department in Abu Ghraib and the eggs hatched in Al-Nasr hatchery in Babylon province. They were raised together until the age of 8 days and then were randomly distributed to 5 treatments with 3 replicates each treatment ( 20 birds / replicate). The oxidative stress was induced by adding 0.5% H2O2 to drinking water and the experimental treatments were as follows: The first treatment: Negative control treatment is free of any addition. The second treatment: a positive control treatment adding water with H2O2 at just by only 0.5%. The third, fourth and fifth treatment: adding biotin at a concentration of 500, 600 and 700 micrograms / kg feed + water with H2O2 added at a concentration of 0.5%, respectively. The treatment lasted from 8 to 42 days. The results are as follows:The results of the experiment showed a significant improvement (p≤0.05) for the adding of Biotin (third, fourth and fifth) in the total protein and albumin concentration, and a significant decrease in the concentration of glucose compared to the first treatment and the second treatment, as for the concentration of liver enzymes ALT and AST, the results showed a significant decrease in the first treatment and adding treatment (Biotin ) compared to the second treatment (positive control), while the results showed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the enzyme Glutathione for the adding treatment Biotin (third, fourth and fifth treatment) Compared to the first treatment and the second treatment .Biotin adding treatment (third, fourth and fifth) showed a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the level of cholesterol and triglycerides concentration as well as low-density lipoproteins and the level of MDA and an increase in the level of high-density lipoproteins in the Serum blood of bird compared to the first treatment and the second treatment.
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L. Perkins, L. E., and D. E. Swayne. "Pathobiology of A/Chicken/Hong Kong/220/97 (H5N1) Avian Influenza Virus in Seven Gallinaceous Species." Veterinary Pathology 38, no. 2 (March 2001): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.38-2-149.
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Direct bird-to-human transmission, with the production of severe respiratory disease and human mortality, is unique to the Hong Kong-origin H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, which was originally isolated from a disease outbreak in chickens. The pathobiology of the A/chicken/Hong Kong/ 220/97 (H5N1) (HK/220) HPAI virus was investigated in chickens, turkeys, Japanese and Bobwhite quail, guinea fowl, pheasants, and partridges, where it produced 75-100% mortality within 10 days. Depression, mucoid diarrhea, and neurologic dysfunction were common clinical manifestations of disease. Grossly, the most severe and consistent lesions included splenomegaly, pulmonary edema and congestion, and hemorrhages in enteric lymphoid areas, on serosal surfaces, and in skeletal muscle. Histologic lesions were observed in multiple organs and were characterized by exudation, hemorrhage, necrosis, inflammation, or a combination of these features. The lung, heart, brain, spleen, and adrenal glands were the most consistently affected, and viral antigen was most often detected by immunohistochemistry in the parenchyma of these organs. The pathogenesis of infection with the HK/220 HPAI virus in these species was twofold. Early mortality occurring at 1-2 days postinoculation (DPI) corresponded to severe pulmonary edema and congestion and virus localization within the vascular endothelium. Mortality occurring after 2 DPI was related to systemic biochemical imbalance, multiorgan failure, or a combination of these factors. The pathobiologic features were analogous to those experimentally induced with other HPAI viruses in domestic poultry.
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Rodrigues, Ladyanne Raia, Dermaval Araujo Furtado, Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa, and Jose Wallace Barbosa do Nascimento. "Balanço Eletrolítico em dietas com proteína reduzida para codornas japonesas no primeiro ciclo de produção." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 10, no. 3 (July 20, 2015): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v10i3.3008.
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<p class="western" style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Determinar os índices produtivos e os valores de qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas na fase de postura foi o objetivo primordial deste trabalho, no qual, se utilizaram288 aves, distribuídas no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e seis repetições de oito aves cada. Avaliaram-se os índices produtivos e os índices qualitativos em função dos níveis de balanço eletrolítico. </span>Os resultados que apresentaram efeito significativo foi <span style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">consumo de ração, consumo de água, produção, peso e massa de ovo, </span>peso de gema e casca, percentagens de albúmen, gema e casca e a coloração de gema.<span style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> Quanto à conversão alimentar tanto por massa quanto por dúzia de ovos não foi observada diferença estatística. O balanço eletrolítico não interferiu na produção das aves. </span></p><p class="western" style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><br /></span></p><p class="western" style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="western" align="center"><strong><em>Electrolyte Balance in reduced protein diets for Japanese quail in the first production cycle</em></strong></p><p class="western" align="center"><strong><em><br /></em></strong></p><p class="western" style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="western"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong>: To determine the production rates and the values of egg quality of Japanese quails posture was the primary objective of this study, in which 288 birds were used, distributed in a randomized block design with six treatments and six replicates of eight birds each. Evaluated the production indices and qualitative indices according to the level of electrolyte balance. The results showed that significant effects were feed intake, water intake, output, weight, and egg mass, yolk and shell weight, percentage of albumen, yolk and shell and yolk color. As for the food conversion by both mass and per dozen eggs no statistical difference was observed. The electrolyte balance did not affect the production of poultry.</p><p class="western" style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><br /></span></p>
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Adebiyi, A. I., and A. F. Fagbohun. "Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Captured Free-Living, Free-Range and Intensively Reared Birds in Southwest Nigeria." Folia Veterinaria 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fv-2017-0004.
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Abstract Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute infectious viral disease causing severe economic losses in poultry production. In Nigeria, there has only been monitoring of the disease in chickens with little attention given to other bird species. For this study, blood samples were collected from 184 apparently healthy, unvaccinated birds which comprised of 61 captured free-living pigeons, 60 free range indigenous chickens and 63 intensively reared Japanese quails. Sera from these birds were screened for IB virus antibodies (IBV) using a commercial ELISA kit. The birds were from Oyo and Osun States, in southwest Nigeria. Overall, 63 (34.2 %) sera were positive for IBV with 3.3 % (2/61), 95.0 % (57/60) and 6.3 % (4/63) from pigeons, indigenous chickens and Japanese quails, respectively. These findings suggest that they were subclinically infected with either field or vaccine virus and could thus serve as possible reservoirs of this virus to domestic poultry. Thus, there is need for continuous surveillance of the disease in different bird species and their possible role in the spread of IBV in Nigeria.
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Karimi, Omid, Mohammad Reza Mofidi, and Mohammad Sadegh Saeidabadi. "Impact of Turmeric Curcuma longa on the Body Weight and Liver Function of Japanese Quails Exposed to Dietary Aflatoxins." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.14.2.412.
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Background: The contamination of poultry feed with Aflatoxins (AF) is important in terms of economic damage to the poultry industry and public health. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of Turmeric Powder (TP), containing 2.96% of Total Curcuminoids (TCM) on reducing the adverse effects of dietary AF in Japanese quails. Methods: 180 male Japanese quails aged 22-55 days were divided into six groups, and were fed basic diet (group 1, controls), or basic diet contaminated with 4 mg/kg AF and/or TP doses as follows: 3 g/kg TP (group 2), 5 g/kg TP (group 3), 4 mg/kg AF (group 4), 4 mg/kg AF and 3 g/kg TP (group 5) or 4 mg/kg AF and 5 g/kg TP (group 6). Results: Adding TP to the quails diet that contained AF improved the liver antioxidant status, reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, increased the serum SOD and CAT enzyme levels and improved the total antioxidant capacity (P<0.05). The addition of TP significantly reduced the adverse effects of AF on body weight loss, relative liver weight gain, decreased serum total protein, and increased the AST, ALT and ALP enzyme activities. It also reduced the severity of liver histological pathologies, such as fatty changes, biliary duct proliferation, periportal fibrosis, hyperemia, and leukocyte infiltration. Conclusion: The effect of TP on reducing the adverse effects of dietary AF may be attributed to its antioxidant properties. The AF-contaminated diet containing 5 g/kg TP (148 mg/kg TCM) was more effective in reducing the AF complications in the quails compared to 3 g/kg of TP (88.8 mg/kg TCM).