Academic literature on the topic 'Poudre de bentonite'
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Journal articles on the topic "Poudre de bentonite"
Towler, Brian, Mahshid Firouzi, Amin Mortezapour, and Paul Hywel-Evans. "Field trials of the use of hydrated bentonite for decommissioning oil and gas wells." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15067.
Full textNtwampe, I. O. "The effect of saw dust in a flocculent with bentonite clay and FeSO4 in AMD treatment without addition of a neutralizer." Water Practice and Technology 14, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2019.051.
Full textKrajewski, P. K., J. S. Suchy, G. Piwowarski, and W. K. Krajewski. "High Temperature Thermal Properties of Bentonite Foundry Sand." Archives of Foundry Engineering 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2015-0036.
Full textPopielarski, Paweł, and Zenon Ignaszak. "Influence of High Temperature Heat Sources on the Moisture and Temperature Distribution in a Real/Virtual Foundry Sand Mould." Diffusion Foundations 7 (June 2016): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.7.69.
Full textNtwampe, I. O. "The removal of turbid materials from AMD using bentonite clay, Fe or Al salt, MgCO3 and flocculent with varying agitations." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 3 (May 19, 2020): 580–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.040.
Full textNtwampe, I. O. "Treatment of AMD using a combination of saw dust, bentonite clay and phosphate in the removal of turbid materials and toxic metals." Water Practice and Technology 16, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 541–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.014.
Full textNtwampe, I. O. "The removal of pollutants and natural organic compounds from acid mine drainage using a combination of bentonite clay and MgSO4." Water Practice and Technology 16, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 490–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.015.
Full textIgnaszak, Zenon, and Paweł Popielarski. "Effective Modeling of Phenomena in Over-Moisture Zone Existing in Porous Sand Mould Using the Simplified Simulation Systems Applied in Foundry." Defect and Diffusion Forum 365 (July 2015): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.365.200.
Full textSzanda, I., M. Żmudzińska, J. Faber, and K. Perszewska. "Moulding Sands with New Inorganic Binders - Ecology Assessment in the Aspect of Work Environment." Archives of Foundry Engineering 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10266-012-0093-y.
Full textMocek, J., and A. Chojecki. "Studies of Gas Atmosphere Near the Metalmould Interface During Casting and Solidification of Ductile Iron." Archives of Foundry Engineering 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10266-012-0126-6.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Poudre de bentonite"
Molinero, Guerra Agustin. "Caractérisations expérimentale et numérique du comportement hydro-mécanique d'un matériau hétérogène : mélange de poudre/pellets de bentonite." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1022/document.
Full textThe present investigation deals with the hydro-mechanical behavior of a mixture composed of pellets and powder of MX80 bentonite with a proportion of 80/20 in dry mass. This is one of the studied materials by the French Institute for Radiation protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) within the SEALEX project, which aims at investigating the long-term performance of swelling clay-based sealing systems in the context of geological high-level radioactive waste disposal. This study has been conducted by following an experimental program covering different scales. Firstly, the microstructure changes while wetting of a single pellet was investigated by combining MIP results with μ-CT observations. Results revealed that swelling of a pellet is due to the development of cracks, with significant development between 38 and 9 MPa of suction, combined to swelling of bentonite grains, which is governed by the hydration mechanisms of smectite at nano-scale. The application of suctions below 9 MPa leads to a significant decrease of the platelet thickness and to an increase in the disorder of the platelet assembly. Water retention tests, swelling pressure tests and suction controlled oedometer tests on the pellet/powder mixture were performed. Similar water retention properties were observed for the mixture under constant-volume condition and pellet under free swelling condition under suctions higher than 4 MPa, suggesting that physico-chemical suction prevails on capillary suction. At lower suctions, constant-volume condition defined a lower water retention capacity because of the disappearance of macro-pores. Lower yield stress values than the common pure bentonite mixtures were found for the pellet/powder mixture for non-zero suctions, showing that the volume change behavior is governed by the rearrangement and crushing of pellets, and the loss of the granular structure in the case of zero suction. Two mock-up tests were performed, aiming at studying two extreme cases at a global dry density of 1.49 Mg/m3: a homogeneous pellet/powder mixture fabricated by following a special protocol, and a strong heterogeneous sample. Results revealed that the radial swelling pressure depends strongly on the local pellet/powder distribution combined with the evolution of the hydration front. An anisotropy swelling was found in both cases, being the axial swelling pressure lower than the radial one. Moreover, different values of axial pressure were found between the two tests, even though they have the same global dry density of samples. In parallel, μ-CT observations were carried out on the mixture while wetting, revealing a homogeneous sealed sample after 100 days of hydration. No density gradients were identified at the investigated resolution (50 μm/voxel) after this long time of hydration. A new damage model, which takes into account the development of fissures within a pellet while wetting, was proposed an included to the well-IVknown double porosity Barcelona Expansive Model (BExM) to carry out numerical simulations of one mock-up test. The initial heterogeneous porosity distribution was also considered to reproduce the anisotropy swelling. The experimental results obtained in this study will greatly help well understand the response of seals made up of pellets/powder bentonite mixture in the SEALEX in situ experiment. Moreover, the constitutive model developed taking into account the pellet cracking damage and the initial sample heterogeneity allows significantly improving the prediction of hydomechanical behavior of seals/plugs made up of this mixture, constituting thus an useful tool for the safety assessment of the nuclear waste disposal system
Dardé, Benjamin. "Experimental and numerical study of the hydromechanical behaviour of bentonite pellet-powder mixtures." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1030.
Full textBentonite based materials are considered as a sealing material in radioactive waste disposal concepts because of their low permeability, radionuclide retention capacity and ability to swell upon hydration, thus filling technological gaps. Within this context, bentonite pellet mixtures have been studied owing to operational convenience. Pellets are laid in the galleries in a dry state as a granular assembly. The mixture progressively becomes more homogeneous upon hydration by the pore water of the host rock. Before homogenisation, the granular structure of the material controls the macroscopic behaviour of the mixture.The present work focuses on the experimental characterisation and numerical modelling of a mixture of bentonite pellet and crushed pellet (powder), in proportion 70/30 in dry mass, a candidate sealing material in the French concept of radioactive waste disposal. The proposition, implementation and validation of a new modelling framework, considering features such as the initial granular structure of the material or local heterogeneities of densities, is the main objective of this PhD work.The influence of the initial granular structure is evidenced by performing suction-controlled swelling pressure tests in the laboratory, using samples of various powder contents. From grain-level experimental characterisation, a simple model describing the hydromechanical behaviour of a pellet is proposed and implemented in a Discrete Element Method (DEM) code. Using DEM and the proposed model, aforementioned swelling pressure tests performed on samples containing no powder are satisfactorily simulated. The same method is used to model large granular assemblies of various pellet densities upon hydromechanical loadings. Relevant parameters involved in the macroscopic behaviour of pellet mixtures in “granular” state are identified from simulation results and constitutive laws are proposed to describe the hydromechanical behaviour of these materials using a continuum mechanics approach.The transition from “granular” state to “homogenised” state is described by criteria proposed from experimental results and data available in the literature and involves suction and relative volume fractions of pellet and powder. A modified version of the Barcelona Basic Model is proposed to model the material behaviour in “homogenised” state. The proposed model is implemented in the Finite Element Method (FEM) code BIL. Using a single set of parameters, all swelling pressure tests performed in the laboratory are satisfactorily reproduced in FEM simulations along the entire hydration path.The material behaviour upon hydration in constant volume condition is finally studied at a larger scale by performing mock-up imbibition tests, using various powder contents. Cells have a square section; a glass side and a camera allow the texture to be observed during hydration. The dominance of vapour transfers in the saturation process of the material, the influence and evolution of the granular structure upon hydration, and the influence of the powder content on the macroscopic response are notably identified. Transfer laws are proposed to describe the observed material behaviour in the mock-up tests and implemented in BIL.The realisation of larger scale coupled simulations using the proposed hydromechanical model is a perspective arising from this PhD work. Predictive simulations could be performed at the structure scale, considering relevant features such as the initial granular structure and local heterogeneities of density in the sealing plugs
Auboiroux, Michel. "Affinité de différents cations métalliques (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ et Pb2+) pour une montmorillonite calcique : expérimentation et applications." Orléans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ORLE2025.
Full textPaumier, Sandrine. "Facteurs déterminant l'organisation et la rhéologie du système argile-eau pour des suspensions de smectites." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2298.
Full textSmectites are swelling clays widely used in industry. Theirs mechanical properties are unequal according to their mineralogical and physicochemical characteristics. The aim of this study is to improve the knowledge of the interlayer cation impact on the structure built by the smectite-water system according to the concentration. Homo-ionic (Na+, Ca2+) and bi-ionic systems are observed. This study crosschecks mineralogical methods, physicochemical analysis and broad range of rheometric tests. At low concentration (less than 60 g/l) the calcium dispersions are shear thinning and few viscous due to the layer association in huge deformable flocks. The sodium smectite layers are dispersed; the dispersions are highly viscous. The lowest viscosity is detected for mix of 20 % of sodium smectite and 80 % of calcium smectite. At higher concentration (60 to 100 g/l), the yield stress and viscoelastic properties are studied by creep-recovery tests, oscillatory tests and imposed shear step. At the liquid state, the flow is first heterogeneous with a shear banding effect then homogeneous. The results make it possible to define the concentration area characteristic of each mechanical behavior (viscosity, shear thinning and yield stress) according to the saturation cation. The thixotropic properties are characterized with destructuring-restructuring tests. Two kinetics are determined. Finally we realize a data base with 12 natural and industrial bentonites. The rheograms would be efficient to differentiate the natural calcium bentonites (newtonian law), natural sodium bentonites (Herschel-Bulkley law) and activated calcium bentonites (Bingham law)
Cavalcante, Janaide. "Traitement des sables à la bentonite pour la constitution de la barrière de sécurité passive des centres de stockage de déchets." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0027.
Full text[This work is carry out on impervious barriers destined for landfill engineering composed by compacted sand-bentonite mixtures. French regulations require a barrier with a permeability less than lE-09rn/s. Standard tests often used in geotechnical engineering has allowed possible the establishment of a methodology to verify the behavoiur of this barrier during the presence of leachate. In the first part we have sought to define from swell tests and Atterberg limits tests the interactions bentonite-leachates. We realised the permeability testing to water and leachate for various samples constituted of compacted sand-bentonite mixtures. Emperical models allowed to estimate the permeability, tests results, experimental results and tests methods are proposed. ]
Bourg, Ian C. "Caractérisation du comportement d’une bentonite sodique pour l’isolement des déchets : Transport diffusif des traceurs ioniques (Na+, Sr2++, Cs et Cl-) dans la bentonite sodique compactée saturée, et titration acide-base de la montmorillonite." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3040.
Full textIn the present study, we have investigated the diffusion of tracers of water and inorganic ions (Na+, Cl-,. . . ) through a compacted bentonite barrier. An understanding of the mechanisms of diffusion is necessary in order to extrapolate the results of laboratory scale diffusion experiments to the performance of an engineered clay barrier for the isolation of solid waste. From the model of the apparent diffusivity of water and ionic tracers in compacted saturated bentonite developped by Bourg (2004), we first obtained a model of the effective diffusion coefficient of tracers in highly compacted, saturated bentonite. This model successfully predicted experimental data of the effective diffusion coefficient of Na+, Sr2+ and Cl- tracers in highly compacted MX-80 bentonite (Chapters 2 and 3). We then derived a model of the activation energy of the apparent diffusivity of water and sodium tracers in compacted saturated bentonite (Chapter 4). By comparing the model to experimental data of the activation energy of sodium diffusion in compacted saturated bentonite, we could conclude that the activation energy of sodium diffusion in the interlayers of the 2-layer hydrate of Na-montmorillonite is 3 to 8 kJ mol-1 higher than the activation energy of its diffusion in pure water. Finally, in Chapter 5, we developped a model of the acid-base titration of aqueous suspensions of Na-montmorillonite [the pH-dependent charge of the edge surfaces of montmorillonite lamellae may affect the diffusion of ions through the interlayers (Bourg, 2004)]. Our titration model, using only one adjusted parameter (the specific surface area of the edge surfaces of montmorillonite lamellae) could describe experimental data of the titration of several montmorillonites over a wide range of ionic strengths (0. 005 to 0. 5 mol dm-3), at pH > 7 (the pH of pore water in compacted saturated bentonite
Barast, Gilles. "Etude de la continuité des états liquides et solides pour les géomatériaux traités constituants les barrières d’étanchéité hydraulique." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0117/these.pdf.
Full textTo comply with waste containment liners regulatory requirements, bentonite (moisture-reactive clay) based hydraulic sealing systems may be required, possibly enhanced using innovative polymer reinforcement. Due to the low hydraulic conductivity, the testing lime for characterisation in the laboratory is long, which makes it difficult for rapid engineering design. Pioneering investigations, as weil as new quick hydraulic indexes, are called for. Accordingly, experimental studies were undertaken on the geomaterials in their higher hydraulic conductivity liquid state, based on rheology and filtration. Liquid state rheological parameters were experimentally transposed into solid state soli mechanics parameters (specifically hydraulic conductivity). This methodology was based on test results for various bentonites, fluids (including water and CaCI2) two polymers and sand, for compacted sand-bentonite-polymer mixtures. Observations from HMC investigations, from the literature, and from rheology and. Filtration testing, showed compatibility for bentonite polymer-fluid mixtures over a range of states. Dynamic rheology testing was found to provide the most appropriate parameters to formulate a hydraulic performance index. Two approaches were adopted (gel and swelling), linking the hydraulic conductivity with rheological parameters. Linear correlations were observed, dependent on the fluid chemistry and polymer addition, manifesting the mixing affect and the significance of a liquid-solid continuum
Tyri, Danai Panagiota. "Contribution à l'étude de mélange en pellets composé d'argilite COx et de bentonite MX80 pour le remplissage des stockages géologiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSEI001.
Full textThe safe operation of the geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste indicates the galleries progressive closure, by installing sealing and backfill materials. The French disposal concept examines the crushed excavated Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) claystone with bentonite additive (MX80) as backfill material. One of the ongoing studied backfill solutions considers the pelletized implementation of the mixture, due to potential set-up advantages. The pelletized mixture is emplaced inside the galleries at dry state, presenting initially a granular structure, gradually homogenised, due to swelling upon hydration from the groundwater of the surrounding rock. Objective of the PhD thesis is the determination and manufacturing of the pelletized mixture, as well as the analysis of its hydro-mechanical behaviour. The pelletized granulometry is selected to result in the highest possible packing density, defining the optimum grain size distribution (GSD). The implemented COx/MX80 backfill needs to present hydro-mechanical properties capable of limiting the voids after the saturation on the drift as well as blocking the concrete movement when liners cracking will occur in the long-term. Numerical and experimental gravitational deposits are conducted, to study the compactness of a granular material, without mechanical compaction. Simulations using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) investigate the granulometric effect on the granular material’s packing state, determining an optimum GSD. Supplementary experiments are used to evaluate and finalise the granulometric selection maximising the resulting density. Both studies investigate the effect of additional parameters (implementation protocol, inter-particle friction, deposit height,…) on the packing state. The pelletization of the selected GSD is performed for the first time on COx/MX80 powdered mixtures, by applying the compression method on a reconditioned tablet machine. The process is analysed to successfully fabricate pellets and optimise the challenging pellet production. COx/MX80 mixtures hydro-mechanical behaviour is experimentally investigated by performing infiltration tests under free and confined volume conditions. A parametric study on various powdered mixtures is conducted to characterise the materials physicochemical properties and evaluate their swelling capacity at densities expected on the backfill implementation. On the other hand, the finalised pellets assembly on various compositions is directly tested in terms of swelling pressure and hydraulic conductivity
Rocha, Janaide Cavalcante. "Traitement des sables a la bentonite pour la constitution de la Barriere de Securite passive des centres de stockage de dechets." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1995. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/111859.
Full textKadraoui, Mohammed. "Design et utilisations de complexes organométalliques intercalés dans la bentonite pour des réactions d’insertion ou de complexes organométalliques chiraux pour des réactions de cyclopropanation asymétrique." Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA1026.
Full textThis thesis is divided in two independent parts. The first concerns the development of new heterogeneous catalytic systems involving intercalation of ethylacetonate copper and iron complexes in a clay: the bentonite. For this purpose, the bentonite is purified prior to the inclusion of the two complexes. A study of the catalytic activity of these two materials was performed with ethyl diazoacetate to form ethyl fumarate and maleate. Carbene insertion reactions were then studied with amines and alcohols to form respectively a-oxa and a-aza ethyl acetate derivatives in 60 to 95% yields. The aim of the second part is to study, the homogeneous catalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation reaction of alkenes catalyzed by copper (I) complexes; the cyclopropane unit being present in many compounds presenting biological activities. For that purpose, the synthesis of new oxazolines and imines ligands derived from isosorbide and isomannide, two compounds of the biomass was performed. Complexed with copper (I), these ligands were evaluated for the asymmetric cyclopropanation of styrene, of a-methylstyrene, indene, of oct-1-ene in the presence of ethyl diazoacetate. Cyclopropanation of cyclopentene was similarly performed. Various parameters were examined to determine the best reaction conditions. The most significant results in terms of diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity were obtained in the cyclopropanation of styrene with a complex oxazoline/CuI (diastereoselection trans/cis: 90/10, ee : 93% for the trans isomer). Furthermore, we showed that a catalytic system formed by a diimine and Cu(CH3CN)4PF6 gave similar stereoselectivities for the cyclopropanation of styrene and a-methyl styrene, indicating that the system is less dependent on the nature of the substrate
Conference papers on the topic "Poudre de bentonite"
OULARBI, Azzedine. "Une approche paramétrique pour l’analyse du pouvoir d’adsorption du cadmium sur une bentonite naturelle saturée." In Conférence Méditerranéenne Côtière et Maritime - Coastal and Maritime Mediterranean Conference. Editions Paralia, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/cmcm.2015.034.
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