Academic literature on the topic 'Pottery forming technology'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pottery forming technology"
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Knappett, Carl. "Tradition and innovation in pottery forming technology: wheel-throwing at Middle Minoan Knossos." Annual of the British School at Athens 94 (November 1999): 101–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400000538.
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This paper examines ceramic evidence from Middle Minoan Knossos in an attempt to chart the introduction and development of wheel-throwing technology in Minoan pottery. The technique of wheel-throwing comes into its own in Middle Minoan I B, coeval with the construction of the first palaces and a number of other major changes. Although there are some indications that there could have been some degree of internal evolution towards this point, it also appears that outside contacts with the Near East may have contributed to the innovation process. The main aim is to elucidate the dynamics of choice that led to the adoption and subsequent development of the wheel-throwing innovation. Whilst the use of the wheel is generally considered as a technical development, it is argued here that, in the initial stages, its adoption by certain Minoan potters was as much influenced by socio-political as by technical factors.
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Grigoriev, Stanislav A., and Natalia P. Salugina. "STUDY IN THE FYODOROVKA POTTERY FROM THE MOCHISHCHE SETTLEMENT IN THE SOUTHERN URALS." Rossiiskaia arkheologiia, no. 4 (October 1, 2023): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086960632303011x.
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The settlement of Mochishche contains materials from all the Bronze Age cultures of the Trans-Urals: Petrovka, Alakul, Fyodorovka, Cherkaskul, Mezhovka and Sargary ones. The study of Fyodorovka pottery showed that its forms and ornamentation could not be derived from the Alakul tradition. However, technological research yielded a different result: a significant part of clays and inclusions had parallels in the Alakul pottery of the settlement, but potters also started to use silty clay, which had been probably introduced by the Fyodorovka population of the Lower Tobol region. The number of polished ware decreased sharply, the use of grog increased to some extent, and there is no evidence of ware forming techniques with form-models characteristic of Alakul, but this may be due to the small number of items studied. Nevertheless, their vessels, like the Alakul ones, were formed with the spiral patching method following the bottom and lower part of wall formation on the model. Therefore, the pottery technology of the Fyodorovka population of Mochishche reflects the contacts of potters, bearers of two traditions: the local Alakul and Fyodorovka ones, probably from the Lower Tobol region. However, in the pottery shape and ornamentation, they were guided by Fyodorovka stereotypes, which began to dominate for some social reasons.
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Jamieson, Andrew. "Searching for the potters behind the pots: re-examining the Tell Ahmar Neo-Assyrian ceramic assemblage." Buried History: The Journal of the Australian Institute of Archaeology 59 (March 26, 2024): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.62614/z2znyw18.
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Ceramic studies have been crucial to the development of archaeology. This paper is concerned with a re-examination of the pottery, and the potters, of Tell Ahmar (ancient Til Barsib), Syria. It focuses on the ceramics from the Australian excavations in the Middle City (Area C), especially the more than 250,000 items from the 7th-century BCE Neo-Assyrian Stratum 2. The Stratum 2 assemblage was readily grouped into seventeen ware types. The various wares reflect different production systems: some hand-made products were manufactured locally, possibly by individual households; other wares, characterised by high rates of uniformity, were probably produced by large-scale, centralised pottery industries; another ware group exhibits considerable investment in the application of different surface treatments, indicating specific uses. The Area C assemblage provides a rare opportunity to examine a large and relatively complete well-dated corpus. Observations and explanations relating to the technology of preparing, forming, decorating, and firing these ceramic vessels casts light on the circumstances of their manufacture and, in turn, on the potters behind the pots of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
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Hidayat, Rahmat, Andi Adriansyah, and Febi Kurniawan. "Development of Ceramic Decorative Rotary Tool Technology Based on the Internet of Things as a Learning Media to Support Creative Industries." E3S Web of Conferences 500 (2024): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450001016.
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Indonesia is a rich and diverse country for crafts and creative industries. In supporting the creative industry, it is necessary to have skills through learning creative crafts in the community of Rangdumulya Village, Pedes District, Karawang. The problem that occurs is that currently, the younger generation is less interested in creative crafts such as pottery, ceramics, and batik. In making pottery and ceramics, turntable equipment is needed to make pottery products that can be formed into jugs, teapots, glasses, and jars. The lack of digital turntable tools is helping the work of pottery craftsmen in the process of making and forming pottery, which can be used to accelerate the production process. The purpose of this research is to create, design, and implement to have a positive impact on the emergence of new technological products and the creation of pottery technology, which is considered very necessary to help the learning process of creative crafts in the village to become an independent village. The focus of this research is the development of internet-of-things-based ceramic decorative rotary tool technology as a learning medium to support creative industries. The result of this research is that Internet-of-Things-Based Ceramic Decorative Rotary Tool Technology can work, have a positive impact on pottery craftsmen, and increase the productivity of youth skills in the field of creative crafts, especially in making pottery or ceramics.
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Selin, Dmitry V., and Yury P. Chemyakin. "Peculiarities of Intercultural Interaction in the Early Iron Age in the Surgut Ob River Region (by materials of the ceramics of the settlement Barsova Gora III/66)." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 1, no. 43 (March 29, 2023): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2023.1.43.100.112.
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The article presents the results of technical and technological analysis of ceramics from the settlement of the Beloyarka culture Barsova Gora III/66. There are three groups of pottery. Group 1 includes ceramics of the Beloyarka culture. It is characterized by the use of low-sand ferruginous natural clays, possibly pre-treated. The main forming mass recipe is unmixed: clay + chamotte. Group 2 includes pottery of a mixed appearance with an admixture of grit. It could have been made in the settlement by potters with mixed pottery skills, which were formed as a result of integration (possibly marriage) contacts between the bearers of the Beloyarka culture and the bearers of other pottery traditions, probably the Kulma and Itkul cultures. Group 3 includes an imported vessel with an artificial addition of metallurgical slag. It reflects the contacts of the Beloyarka population of Barsova Gora with groups of other cultures, from whom a metal could be imported for the production of various items. The selected groups may reflect active integration processes and intercultural contacts between the bearers of the Beloyarka culture on Barsova Gora and representatives of other cultures. These links could be both trade and exchange in nature, when the Beloyarka people imported metal for the production of items, and marriage, when some carriers of pottery traditions found their way to the Beloyarka settlements, as a result of which there was a mixture of skills in technology, shaping and ornamentation of ceramics.
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Linstädter, Jörg, and Gregor Wagner. "The Early Neolithic Pottery of Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco – Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence." Journal of African Archaeology 11, no. 2 (November 11, 2013): 155–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/2191-5784-10242.
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This paper presents the Early and Late Neolithic pottery of Ifri Oudadane, a littoral shelter in Northeast Morocco containing both Epipalaeolithic as well as Neolithic deposits. The transition is indicated by the appearance of domesticated plant and animal species, pottery and diverse changes in lithic technology. A domesticated lentil dated to 7.6 ka cal BP may mark the onset of this transitional process. With the help of 22 14C-ages the Early Neolithic deposit can be subdivided in three phases (ENA, ENB, ENC). In addition, the ENC phase contained the remains of a sporadic Late Neolithic occupation. Pottery decoration of the initial ENA phase (7.6–7.3 ka cal BP) is dominated by single Cardium impressions forming horizontal and vertical bands of impressions arranged vertical, horizontal or oblique. The successive ENB phase represents the main occupation phase between 7.1 and 6.6 ka cal BP. By means of statistical methods its assemblage, which consists of 243 vessel units, could be further subdivided (ENB1, ENB2). While ENB1 (7.1–6.9 ka cal BP) is still characterised by single Cardium impressions, the transition to ENB2 is marked by the appearance of Cardium and, later, comb impressions made using rocker stamp technique as well as a few impressions of points and spatulas, striations and modelled applications. Thus the pottery assemblage of Ifri Oudadane offers insights into the first occurrence of pottery in Mediterranean Northwest Africa and opens up the possibility for an internal classification of the Early Neolithic.
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da Cruz Reis, Andre Wilson, Marlice Cruz Martelli, and Roberto de Freitas Neves. "Enamel Development and Application on the Pottery of Icoaraci." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.681.
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The development of technology for the application of enamels on pieces of red pottery, in the handicraft sector, is an alternative to improve the quality of the ceramic body forming a waterproof layer that serves as a protection when used for foods and also to add a decorative effect and increase commercial value. This work develops an enameling technique in the production conditions of the artisans in the village of Icoaraci-PA/Brazil. The characterization of raw materials was performed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, particle size analysis, Thermogravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis. Steps for enamel preparation using commercial transparent frit and bottle glass, and the technique for applying the glaze and firing are presented. The results for the test pieces were very good with the application of transparent frit fired at 900 ° C for 3 hours.
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Papin, D. V., N. F. Stepanova, A. S. Fedoruk, O. A. Fedoruk, and V. G. Loman. "Pottery traditions of the Andronovo (Fedorovo) population of the steppe Altai (based on materials from the settlement of Zharkovo-3)." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 2(53) (May 28, 2021): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-4.
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Zharkovo 3 settlement is located in the south of Western Siberia in the steppe Altai. The site was studied by archaeologists of the Altai State University and they discovered two building horizons: one of the Andronovo time (one house was studied) and the other of the Late Bronze Age (two structures and a soot pit). The paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the Andronovo (Fedorovo) ceramics of the Zharkovo 3 settlement. Fragments of 74 different vessels were used to analyze the ornamentation. The method of V.F. Gening was used. The authors conducted the analysis of shapes and ornamentation of the ancient tableware, and analysis of the technology of its manufacture. It has been established that the collection contains vessels of cap- and pot-shaped forms, the predominant technique of ornamentation of which is stamping. The ornamental compositions mainly consist of four or more different motifs. A series of 49 samples, apparently from 47 vessels, was subjected to technical and technological analysis. The method of study of ceramics, developed by A.A. Bobrinsky and follow-ers of his school within the framework of the historical and cultural approach, was used. The potters of the village preferred medium-plastic clay of medium iron content as the raw material. The main recipe for the paste composi-tion was ‘clay + chamotte + organics’. Research into the construction of the pottery has revealed consistent skills in its manufacture. The patchwork-lumpy and spiral-patchwork methods of forming the vessel hollow body, recorded in the settlement, are characteristic of the Andronovo ceramics throughout its distribution area. It can be stated that the Andronovo population, who left the pottery of the Zharkovo 3 settlement, achieved a certain unity of cultural traditions in selection of the raw materials and paste composition. Almost all vessels of the site exhibited the use of the same type of mineral additives — chamotte. Deviations in concentration and dimension of its particles are associated with individual differences in the skills of the potters of the settlement. The presence on the site of individual vessels with pronounced differences in manufacturing technology should be regarded as examples of imports.
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Aprilia, Hasna, Ponimin Ponimin, and Lisa Sidyawati. "Seni Keramik Gerabah Sentra Bumijaya Serang: Studi Proses Produksi dan Desain Ragam Hias Gerabah Berciri Khas Banten." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 2, no. 4 (April 19, 2022): 561–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v2i42022p561-581.
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Abstract: Bumijaya pottery is a traditional terracotta ceramic craft product located in Serang, Banten. As a result of the development of technology, Bumijaya's pottery products have decreased, so that Bumijaya's pottery products remain sustainable and known to many people, an in-depth study of Bumijaya pottery related to the production process and decoration is needed. These pottery products are unique in terms of the manufacturing process, the design of the pottery shapes, and the variety of pottery decorations so that these pottery products are unique with the characteristics of Banten. The purpose of this study is to describe: (1) Understanding the process of making, producing pottery in Bumijaya Banten, (2) Understanding the design of the shape and decoration of Bumijaya Banten pottery, namely jars, padasan, flower pots related to shapes, colors, and motifs that describe product designs. ceramics with a typical Banten decorative motif. To examine this, a qualitative descriptive research method was established. The data will be collected using the interview process, observation, and document analysis to strengthen the main data. The results of this study are in the form of a description of the process of making Bumijaya pottery which has 5 stages, namely, preparing tools and materials, forming pottery, drying pottery, burning pottery, and perfecting pottery. As well as the shape, color and analysis of the decoration of the Terwengkal Artifacts in Bumijaya earthenware jars, padasan, and flower pots. Bumijaya pottery has advantages in the manufacturing process which still uses traditional techniques, namely rotary, press, and cast techniques. And also the raw material of clay originating from the rice fields of Bumijaya village makes the quality of the pottery to be strong and sturdy, as well as the unique motif of Bumijaya pottery which comes from the Terwengkal Artifacts of Banten. Keywords: ceramic; terracota; Bumijaya; production process; decoration Abstrak: Gerabah Bumijaya merupakan produk kerajinan tradisional keramik terakota yang terletak di Serang Banten. Akibat dari kurangnya publikasi gerabah Bumijaya itu sendiri dan banyaknya industri gerabah yang ada di Indonesia mengakibatkan industri gerabah Bumijaya Banten kurang dikenal masyarakat umum. Agar produk gerabah Bumijaya lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat maka diperlukan kajian mendalam terhadap gerabah Bumijaya terkait proses produksi serta ragam hias. Produk gerabah tersebut memiliki keunikan dari segi kualitas gerabahnya yang kuat dalam proses pembuatannya serta ragam hias gerabah, sehingga produk gerabah ini menjadi unik berciri khas Banten. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Memahami proses pembuatan gerabah di Bumijaya Banten, (2) Memahami ragam hias gerabah Bumijaya Banten yaitu guci, padasan, dan pot bunga. Untuk mengkaji hal tersebut ditetapkan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang telah dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, selanjutnya akan dideskripsikan dan dibuat tabel analisis mengenai ragam hias gerabah. Dari hasil analisis tabel ragam hias gerabah Banten, data direduksi dan dideskripsikan secara kualitatif. Guna memperkuat keabsahan data, dilakukan trianggulasi data. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa deskripsi proses pembuatan gerabah Bumijaya yang memiliki 6 tahapan yaitu, mempersiapkan alat dan bahan, proses pengolahan bahan, pembentukan gerabah, penjemuran gerabah, pembakaran gerabah, dan proses penyempurnaan gerabah. Serta analisis ragam hias artefak Terwengkal yang ada pada gerabah Bumijaya guci, padasan, dan pot bunga. Gerabah Bumijaya memiliki keunggulan pada proses pembuatannya yang masih menggunakan teknik tradisional yakni teknik putar, press dan cor. Dan juga bahan baku tanah liat yang berasal dari sawah Desa Bumijaya membuat kualitas gerabah menjadi kuat dan kokoh, serta keunikan motif gerabah Bumijaya yang berasal dari artefak Terwengkal Banten. Kata Kunci : keramik; gerabah; Bumijaya; proses produksi; ragam hias
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Vuković, Jasna. "Description vs. Interpretation: The Attitudes of Traditional and Current Archaeology Towards the Problem of Impresso-Barbotine in the Early Neolithic." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 8, no. 3 (February 27, 2016): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v8i3.3.
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The problem of the relationship impresso-barbotine has been chosen here, as an excellent example to illustrate the tendencies and shortcomings of the Yugoslav/Serbian archaeology during the major part of the 20th century, as well as the results forming the base for future research and new conclusions. The impresso-barbotine problem has been recognized as one of the important aspects of research into the Early Neolithic as early as in the 1950s, and formed the base for the formation of several relative chronological system. However, although the culture-historical approach is based upon detailed description and stylistic-typological analyses, these phenomena are defined and described in a number of different ways (if at all), causing great confusion. The highly simplified notion about the production and usage of ceramic ware, as well as the negligence for the functional and technological aspects, resulted in the absence of a clear statement if these techniques are in fact a form of decoration or surface treatment. On the other hand, paradoxically, these "elusive" phenomena have been taken as very precise chronological markers. The conclusions are not questionable even today, since the recent research has proven the chronological primacy of impresso over barbotine. Here, however, the shortcomings of the culture- historical method are most obvious: after the establishment of the relative chronological sequence and the identification of a change in the material culture, the reasons that induced the changes are not considered – interpretation is completely absent. However, the current archaeological trends focus upon the processes leading to changes in the material culture, the ones that cannot be explained without considering technology – from forming techniques to modes of usage. Bearing in mind that impresso, and afterwards barbotine appear on the same functional classes of pottery (storage, transportation), it may seem that the same idea motivated both manners of surface treatment – roughening so as to facilitate handling. In order to explain the reasons for the changes it is necessary to consider the forming techniques, with the most reliable indication in the chronological sequence impresso – relief impresso (plastic wheat-grain motif) – barbotine. The production of pottery with uneven surfaces rendered by impressing an instrument (impresso) and applying plastic bands, additionally fastened by impressing sharp instruments (relief impresso), is a time-consuming technique, requiring a lot of attention. It is therefore no wonder that the technique takes over of applying a layer of clay over a semi-dry surface and then arranging it with fingers – barbotine, since it is simpler and requires less work for the same effect. Current archaeological analyses of technology prove that the process of improvement of pottery forming techniques (leading to craft specialization) above all leads to simplification of procedure, in order to increase the number of vessels produced. Thus the typical assumption of traditional archaeology needs to be questioned, that the "development of culture" may be seen through the "evolution" of shapes and modes of decoration (treatment of surface), inevitably leading from simpler to more complex forms.
Book chapters on the topic "Pottery forming technology"
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Opgenhaffen, Loes, Caroline Jeffra, and Jill Hilditch. "Balancing Data Storage and User Functionality: The 3D and Archaeological Data Strategy of the Tracing the Potter’s Wheel Knowledge Hub." In The 3 Dimensions of Digitalised Archaeology, 131–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53032-6_8.
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AbstractThe Tracing the Potter’s Wheel (TPW) project is designed to identify and assess the appearance of the potter’s wheel as a technological innovation within the Bronze Age Aegean through the integration of experimental, analytical and digital archaeological approaches. A major output of the project is a technologically-focused archive that collates, presents and enhances research data about forming technology for archaeological and experimental ceramics. Another important project aim is to untangle relational and contextually-rich data storage for 3D models, with a particular focus on both metadata and paradata. Moreover, by disentangling the 3D models and treating them as an integrated part of the archive rather than a separately presented class, the project’s active, multivocal knowledge base explicitly integrates the often-separated complementary perspectives on archaeological datasets, dubbed the TPW Knowledge Hub. To reach these divergent yet intricate objectives, TPW introduces the approach of designerly thinking into digital archaeological practice for the design of a user-focused interface to share information and knowledge with peers and the general public. Ultimately, the TPW archive serves as a dynamic learning tool uniting archaeological data storage with additional open-access publications and resources.
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Colomban, P. "Glass, Ceramics and Enamelled Objects." In Conservation Science: Heritage Materials, 200–247. 2nd ed. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781788010931-00200.
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Much like weapons, vessels made from glasses and ceramics have long been held as objects of very high technology. Ceramic technology mastery is even at the foundation of metallurgy. In producing glass, pottery and enamelled metals, three critical and energy intensive steps are needed: obtaining fine powder, firing, and building appropriate kilns. Control of the colour also requires advanced physical and chemical knowledge. Indeed, if ceramic production is somewhat the art of forming a heterogeneous matter (only some components melt), glass or enamel production requires the object to pass through a homogeneous liquid state to obtain the desired microstructure and properties. This chapter presents the different destructive, non-destructive and non-invasive analytical methods that can be carried out in a laboratory on shards or sampling with fixed ‘big’ instruments, or on-site (museums, reserves, etc.) with mobile set-ups. After a brief overview of the history of pottery, the implications of the processes involved (grinding, shaping, sintering, enamelling, decoration) on micro- and nano-structures (formation and decomposition temperature, kinetic and phase rules, sintering) is given. Emphasis is given to information that can be obtained by XRF and Raman mobile non-invasive measurements. Examples illustrating how these studies help to document technology exchanges and exchange routes are also given.
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Hodgkinson, Anna K. "The Workshop as a Microcosm: Workshops and Factories in Urban Settlements." In Technology and Urbanism in Late Bronze Age Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803591.003.0014.
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The previous chapters used object data to detect distribution patterns in the artefactual evidence of a series of industries in order to identify areas of high activity and new workshops. Furthermore, they discussed the locations and physical relationships between workshops and other industrial areas in order to understand their role in the settlement’s infrastructure. By contrast, this chapter presents and discusses two case-studies from Amarna and Gurob to describe the various features often found inside a workshop or factory, showcasing the functionality and organization of specialized, high-temperature workshops, and associated firing structures in an urban environment. The case-studies include the glass, faience, metal, and pottery workshop O45.1 in the Main City North Amarna, excavated by Paul Nicholson and team in the 1990s. At Gurob, an industrial area was published by Brunton and Engelbach in 1927, which was partly re-excavated by the author and named IA1. The results of this excavation, together with the finds corpus, are compared to those from O45.1, as kilns and pottery production areas were found. Site O45.1 is located at the extreme north-western end of the Main City North, towards the southern edge of the Central City, south of the Small Aten Temple, and directly to the south of the modern water tower at Amarna. The excavated site, which measures 325m², has yielded much artefactual as well as structural evidence of glass processing, including glassmaking, faience production, and metal-working. It lies in the vicinity of the area examined by Petrie in the 1890s and described by him as an area of moulds, but during the work at O45.1 no traces were found of this area having previously been excavated. Many of Petrie’s finds relating to the glass-industry also came from the palace waste heaps, only a very small number coming from the palace itself. The largest portion of evidence was not contexted, as it had been found and brought to Petrie by local children from sites around Amarna. Thus, site O45.1 is not the only possible location of Petrie’s glass manufactories. The workshop is surrounded by a series of mud-brick walls forming an open courtyard, a common phenomenon in New Kingdom Egypt.
Conference papers on the topic "Pottery forming technology"
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Wei, Xiang, Wu Mingliang, Lyu Jiangnan, Ma Lan, Quan Wei, and Liu Jiajie. "Design and Testing of Transplanting Hole-Forming Machine for Potted Rapeseed Seedlings." In 2019 11th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmtma.2019.00018.
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Wang, J. W., Z. Q. Qu, T. K. Guo, M. Chen, and B. Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing Damage Evolution in Geothermal Reservoirs with Natural Fractures Based on THMD Coupling Model." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0951.
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ABSTRACT: The key to develop the geothermal energy economically and effectively is forming a high quality enhanced geothermal system (EGS) with complex fracture network. Clarifying the interaction between hydraulic fracture (HF) and natural fracture (NF) is of positive significance to study how to establish an efficient EGS. In this paper, based on meso damage mechanics, elastic thermodynamics and Biot’s classical seepage mechanics, a thermo-hydro-mechanical-damage (THMD) coupling model of hydraulic fracturing in geothermal reservoir with randomly distributed NFs is established. Then the evolution of thermal field (T), seepage field (H), solid field (M) and damage (D) during hydraulic fracturing is simulated, and the effects of injection flow rates, rock thermal expansion coefficients and the NFs parameters (including length, dip angle and distribution density) on HF propagation are analyzed. The results indicate that under the action of water pressure and thermal stress, the normal stress on the NF surface will increase, resulting in the fracture damage. High injection flow rate would create longer fracture and significantly increase the fracture width, which is conducive to the development of deep thermal reservoirs. And high thermal expansion coefficient of rock is more conducive to form complex fractures. NFs will guide the HF to turn along the dip angle of NFs ,and the longer the NFs are, the stronger their guiding effect on HF. When the angle between the dip angle of NFs and the expansion direction of HF is large, the longitudinal expansion of HF is hindered, but the HF could communicate and activate more NFs. The NFs density directly determines the degree of hydraulic fracturing damage, and the damage area of HF increases with the increase of NFs density. 1. INTRODUCTION Geothermal energy is a widely distributed, low-carbon, environment-friendly and sustainable clean energy (Potten and Thuro 2017; Zhao et al. 2020). Hot Dry Rock (HDR) refers to the high-temperature rock mass with general temperature greater than 180 °C, buried depth of several kilometers, no fluid or only a small amount of underground fluid (Hofmann et al. 2014; Xu et al. 2012). As a new geothermal resource, it has advantages in geothermal energy development and application, which has attracted more and more attention. However, the HDR found at present is mainly composed of granite, showing low porosity and permeability (Lu and Wang 2015). Hydraulic fracturing technology is a mature and effective method to reconstruct low quality reservoir in oil and gas field development projects (Qu et al. 2021). This technology can be applied to HDR geothermal reservoir to realize efficient development of geothermal energy, too. Through the circulation of cold water in high-temperature rock formations with fractures, the geothermal energy is efficiently exploited. And then the high-temperature fluid will be used for step applications such as power generation or heating, which is the so-called enhanced geothermal system (EGS) (Bujakowski et al. 2015; Guo et al. 2019; Olasolo et al. 2016). Studies have shown that in the production process of EGS, the number of fractures or the complexity of fracture network will significantly affect the exploitation efficiency of geothermal energy (Guo et al. 2020b; Zhang et al. 2021; Jin et al. 2020). In order to form EGS with complex fracture networks for efficient development of geothermal energy, it is necessary to clarify the interaction between artificial fractures and natural fractures, and find out the evolution law of fracture during hydraulic fracturing.