Journal articles: 'Potential damage'

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Khan, K. "Potential damage to a potential space." Eye 26, no. 2 (November 25, 2011): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.2011.303.

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Moritz, C., and R. Bruce. "Flare noise damage potential." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 94, no. 3 (September 1993): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.407598.

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Vetrivel, A., D. Duarte, F. Nex, M. Gerke, N. Kerle, and G. Vosselman. "POTENTIAL OF MULTI-TEMPORAL OBLIQUE AIRBORNE IMAGERY FOR STRUCTURAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-3 (June 6, 2016): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-iii-3-355-2016.

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Quick post-disaster actions demand automated, rapid and detailed building damage assessment. Among the available technologies, post-event oblique airborne images have already shown their potential for this task. However, existing methods usually compensate the lack of pre-event information with aprioristic assumptions of building shapes and textures that can lead to uncertainties and misdetections. However, oblique images have been already captured over many cities of the world, and the exploitation of pre- and post-event data as inputs to damage assessment is readily feasible in urban areas. In this paper, we investigate the potential of multi-temporal oblique imagery for detailed damage assessment focusing on two methodologies: the first method aims at detecting severe structural damages related to geometrical deformation by combining the complementary information provided by photogrammetric point clouds and oblique images. The developed method detected 87% of damaged elements. The failed detections are due to varying noise levels within the point cloud which hindered the recognition of some structural elements. We observed, in general that the façade regions are very noisy in point clouds. To address this, we propose our second method which aims to detect damages to building façades using the oriented oblique images. The results show that the proposed methodology can effectively differentiate among the three proposed categories: collapsed/highly damaged, lower levels of damage and undamaged buildings, using a computationally light-weight approach. We describe the implementations of the above mentioned methods in detail and present the promising results achieved using multi-temporal oblique imagery over the city of L’Aquila (Italy).

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Vetrivel, A., D. Duarte, F. Nex, M. Gerke, N. Kerle, and G. Vosselman. "POTENTIAL OF MULTI-TEMPORAL OBLIQUE AIRBORNE IMAGERY FOR STRUCTURAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-3 (June 6, 2016): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iii-3-355-2016.

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Quick post-disaster actions demand automated, rapid and detailed building damage assessment. Among the available technologies, post-event oblique airborne images have already shown their potential for this task. However, existing methods usually compensate the lack of pre-event information with aprioristic assumptions of building shapes and textures that can lead to uncertainties and misdetections. However, oblique images have been already captured over many cities of the world, and the exploitation of pre- and post-event data as inputs to damage assessment is readily feasible in urban areas. In this paper, we investigate the potential of multi-temporal oblique imagery for detailed damage assessment focusing on two methodologies: the first method aims at detecting severe structural damages related to geometrical deformation by combining the complementary information provided by photogrammetric point clouds and oblique images. The developed method detected 87% of damaged elements. The failed detections are due to varying noise levels within the point cloud which hindered the recognition of some structural elements. We observed, in general that the façade regions are very noisy in point clouds. To address this, we propose our second method which aims to detect damages to building façades using the oriented oblique images. The results show that the proposed methodology can effectively differentiate among the three proposed categories: collapsed/highly damaged, lower levels of damage and undamaged buildings, using a computationally light-weight approach. We describe the implementations of the above mentioned methods in detail and present the promising results achieved using multi-temporal oblique imagery over the city of L’Aquila (Italy).

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Proshkina, Ekaterina, Mikhail Shaposhnikov, and Alexey Moskalev. "Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (June 24, 2020): 4484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124484.

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Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: (1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; (2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; (3) improving DNA damage response and repair; (4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.

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DECANINI, L. D., L. LIBERATORE, and F. MOLLAIOLI. "DAMAGE POTENTIAL OF THE 2009 L'AQUILA, ITALY, EARTHQUAKE." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 06, no. 03 (September 2012): 1250032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431112500327.

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On April 6, 2009 (1:32 UTC) an earthquake of magnitude MW 6.3, caused by a normal fault rupture, shook the Abruzzo Region of Central Italy causing 309 deaths, hundreds injured and thousands homeless. L'Aquila city, which is located very close to the causative fault in hanging wall position, was severely damaged by the event. In this work, after a description of the damages observed in reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, a study on the characterization of damage potential of strong ground motions recorded during the main shock and the strongest aftershocks is presented. Elastic and inelastic spectral demands, in terms of displacement, forces, and energy are estimated and different parameters related to the "ground motion records destructiveness" are calculated. Moreover, the demand imposed on multi degree of freedom systems is estimated by means of nonlinear dynamic analyses and compared to the single degree of freedom systems demand.

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Wagenaar, D. J., K. M. de Bruijn, L. M. Bouwer, and H. de Moel. "Uncertainty in flood damage estimates and its potential effect on investment decisions." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 1 (January 15, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1-2016.

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Abstract. This paper addresses the large differences that are found between damage estimates of different flood damage models. It explains how implicit assumptions in flood damage functions and maximum damages can have large effects on flood damage estimates. This explanation is then used to quantify the uncertainty in the damage estimates with a Monte Carlo analysis. The Monte Carlo analysis uses a damage function library with 272 functions from seven different flood damage models. The paper shows that the resulting uncertainties in estimated damages are in the order of magnitude of a factor of 2 to 5. The uncertainty is typically larger for flood events with small water depths and for smaller flood events. The implications of the uncertainty in damage estimates for flood risk management are illustrated by a case study in which the economic optimal investment strategy for a dike segment in the Netherlands is determined. The case study shows that the uncertainty in flood damage estimates can lead to significant over- or under-investments.

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Stewart, Alan E. "Gulf Coast Residents Underestimate Hurricane Destructive Potential." Weather, Climate, and Society 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011wcas1077.1.

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Abstract Most people do not realize that hurricane destructiveness increases nonlinearly with increases in storm intensity. Three studies were conducted to examine people’s perceptions of hurricane destructive potential and their likelihood of evacuation. In the first study, undergraduate students (n = 349) provided damage ratings of hurricanes in each Saffir–Simpson category. A majority (84%) of students produced only linearly increasing damage profiles by hurricanes. In the second study, a simple random sample of Gulf Coast residents (n = 402) who participated in a telephone survey when a tropical storm was affecting the U.S. east coast revealed that a majority (77%) thought hurricane damages increased linearly with hurricane category and hence underestimated the damage major hurricanes could produce. In the third study, a simple random sample (n = 396) of Gulf Coast residents participated in an experiment over the telephone during an active phase of the 2008 hurricane season. One-half of the sample received information about the nonlinearly increasing damage potential of hurricanes; the other half received the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale category alone. The group in which hurricane damages were framed nonlinearly reported significantly greater self-reported likelihood of evacuation than residents who received the Saffir–Simpson hurricane category information. Studies 1 and 2 suggest that the public needs to learn more about the nonlinear relationship between hurricane intensity and the corresponding damages that may result. Study 3 suggests that framing possible storm damages in the nonlinearly increasing multiples of damages produced relative to a minimal hurricane may increase compliance with evacuation orders.

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Kim, Soo-jin, Seung-jong Bae, Seong-pil Kim, and Yeon-Joung Bae. "Assessment of Potential Flood Damage Considering Regional Flood Damage Cycle." Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 57, no. 4 (July 30, 2015): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5389/ksae.2015.57.4.143.

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Quan, Yue, Yanguo Xin, Geer Tian, Junteng Zhou, and Xiaojing Liu. "Mitochondrial ROS-Modulated mtDNA: A Potential Target for Cardiac Aging." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (March 27, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9423593.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac aging plays a central role in cardiovascular diseases. There is accumulating evidence linking cardiac aging to mtDNA damage, including mtDNA mutation and decreased mtDNA copy number. Current wisdom indicates that mtDNA is susceptible to damage by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). This review presents the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiac aging, including autophagy, chronic inflammation, mtROS, and mtDNA damage, and the effects of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress on mtDNA. The importance of nucleoid-associated proteins (Pol γ), nuclear respiratory factors (NRF1 and NRF2), the cGAS-STING pathway, and the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway concerning the development of mtDNA damage during cardiac aging is discussed. Thus, the repair of damaged mtDNA provides a potential clinical target for preventing cardiac aging.

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Rebalka, Irena A., and Thomas J. Hawke. "Potential biomarkers of skeletal muscle damage." Biomarkers in Medicine 8, no. 3 (March 2014): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/bmm.13.163.

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Molina, SoniaJazmín, and LauraRuth Guelman. "Noise-induced hippocampal damage: potential mechanisms." Neural Regeneration Research 17, no. 3 (2022): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.320982.

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DURKAN, WILLIAM, and NEAL FLEMING. "Potential Eye Damage from Reusable Masks." Anesthesiology 67, no. 3 (September 1987): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198709000-00035.

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Khalid, Hussain A., and Ormsby K. Monney. "Moisture damage potential of cold asphalt." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 10, no. 5 (October 2009): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10298430802169838.

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Emokpae, Mathias, and Patrick Uadia. "Potential Risk of Senescence on Male fertility and Sperm DNA damage on Progeny." Tropical Journal of Natural Product Reseach 1, no. 2 (August 9, 2017): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v1i2.3.

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Leao, Simone. "Mapping Potential Risk for Housing Damage from Ground Movement Due to Climate Change." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 5, no. 4 (2014): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijesd.2014.v5.515.

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Van Ootegem, L., K. Van Herck, T. Creten, E. Verhofstadt, L. Foresti, E. Goudenhoofdt, M. Reyniers, L. Delobbe, D. Murla Tuyls, and P. Willems. "Exploring the potential of multivariate depth-damage and rainfall-damage models." Journal of Flood Risk Management 11 (January 3, 2017): S916—S929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12284.

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Hirano, Shin-ichi, Yusuke Ichikawa, Bunpei Sato, Haru Yamamoto, Yoshiyasu Takefuji, and Fumitake Satoh. "Molecular Hydrogen as a Potential Clinically Applicable Radioprotective Agent." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 4566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094566.

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Although ionizing radiation (radiation) is commonly used for medical diagnosis and cancer treatment, radiation-induced damages cannot be avoided. Such damages can be classified into direct and indirect damages, caused by the direct absorption of radiation energy into DNA and by free radicals, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), generated in the process of water radiolysis. More specifically, radiation damage concerns not only direct damages to DNA, but also secondary damages to non-DNA targets, because low-dose radiation damage is mainly caused by these indirect effects. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has the potential to be a radioprotective agent because it can selectively scavenge •OH, a reactive oxygen species with strong oxidizing power. Animal experiments and clinical trials have reported that H2 exhibits a highly safe radioprotective effect. This paper reviews previously reported radioprotective effects of H2 and discusses the mechanisms of H2, not only as an antioxidant, but also in intracellular responses including anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and the regulation of gene expression. In doing so, we demonstrate the prospects of H2 as a novel and clinically applicable radioprotective agent.

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Tomppo, Erkki, Oleg Antropov, and Jaan Praks. "Boreal Forest Snow Damage Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-1 Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11040384.

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Natural disturbances significantly influence forest ecosystem services and biodiversity. Accurate delineation and early detection of areas affected by disturbances are critical for estimating extent of damage, assessing economical influence and guiding forest management activities. In this study we focus on snow load damage detection from C-Band SAR images. Snow damage is one of the least studied forest damages, which is getting more common due to current climate trends. The study site was located in the southern part of Northern Finland and the SAR data were represented by the time series of C-band SAR scenes acquired by the Sentinel-1 sensor. Methods used in the study included improved k nearest neighbour method, logistic regression analysis and support vector machine classification. Snow damage recordings from a large snow damage event that took place in Finland during late 2018 were used as reference data. Our results showed an overall detection accuracy of 90%, indicating potential of C-band SAR for operational use in snow damage mapping. Additionally, potential of multitemporal Sentinel-1 data in estimating growing stock volume in damaged forest areas were carried out, with obtained results indicating strong potential for estimating the overall volume of timber within the affected areas. The results and research questions for further studies are discussed.

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Miller, Jessica M., Nikhil M. Mardhekar, Danielle Pretorius, Prasanna Krishnamurthy, Namakkal Soorappan Rajasekaran, Jianyi Zhang, and Ramaswamy Kannappan. "DNA damage-free iPS cells exhibit potential to yield competent cardiomyocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 318, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): H801—H815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00658.2019.

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DNA damage accrued in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes during in vitro culture practices lessens their therapeutic potential. We determined whether DNA-damage-free iPSCs (DdF-iPSCs) can be selected using stabilization of p53, a transcription factor that promotes apoptosis in DNA-damaged cells, and differentiated them into functionally competent DdF cardiomyocytes (DdF-CMs). p53 was activated using Nutlin-3a in iPSCs to selectively kill the DNA-damaged cells, and the stable DdF cells were cultured further and differentiated into CMs. Both DdF-iPSCs and DdF-CMs were then characterized. We observed a significant decrease in the expression of reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in DdF-iPSCs compared with control (Ctrl) iPSCs. Next-generation RNA sequencing and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed improved molecular, cellular, and physiological functions in DdF-iPSCs. The differentiated DdF-CMs had a compact beating frequency between 40 and 60 beats/min accompanied by increased cell surface area. Additionally, DdF-CMs were able to retain the improved molecular, cellular, and physiological functions after differentiation from iPSCs, and, interestingly, cardiac development network was prominent compared with Ctrl-CMs. Enhanced expression of various ion channel transcripts in DdF-CMs implies DdF-CMs are of ventricular CMs and mature compared with their counterparts. Our results indicated that DdF-iPSCs could be selected through p53 stabilization using a small-molecule inhibitor and differentiated into ventricular DdF-CMs with fine-tuned molecular signatures. These iPSC-derived DdF-CMs show immense clinical potential in repairing injured myocardium. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Culture-stress-induced DNA damage in stem cells lessens their performance. A robust small-molecule-based approach, by stabilizing/activating p53, to select functionally competent DNA-damage-free cells from a heterogeneous population of cells is demonstrated. This protocol can be adopted by clinics to select DNA-damage-free cells before transplanting them to the host myocardium. The intact DNA-damage-free cells exhibited with fine-tuned molecular signatures and improved cellular functions. DNA-damage-free cardiomyocytes compared with control expressed superior cardiomyocyte functional properties, including, but not limited to, enhanced ion channel signatures. These DNA-intact cells would better engraft, survive, and, importantly, improve the cardiac function of the injured myocardium.

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Moore, Logan, Paola Tirello, Davide Scaccini, Michael D. Toews, Carlo Duso, and Alberto Pozzebon. "Characterizing damage potential of the brown marmorated stink bug in cherry orchards in Italy." Entomologia Generalis 39, no. 3-4 (December 23, 2019): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2019/0799.

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Hayakawa, K., and S. Murakami. "Thermodynamical Modeling of Elastic-Plastic Damage and Experimental Validation of Damage Potential." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 6, no. 4 (October 1997): 333–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105678959700600401.

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Liu, Xianglei, Peipei Wang, Zhao Lu, Kai Gao, Hui Wang, Chiyu Jiao, and Xuedong Zhang. "Damage Detection and Analysis of Urban Bridges Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), Ground-Based Microwave Interferometry, and Permanent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR)." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5 (March 9, 2019): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050580.

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This paper presents a practical framework for urban bridge damage detection and analysis by using three key techniques: terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), ground-based microwave interferometry, and permanent scatterer interferometry synthetic aperture radar (PS-InSAR). The proposed framework was tested on the Beishatan Bridge in Beijing, China. Firstly, a Digital Surface Model (DSM) of the lower surface of the bridge was constructed based on the point cloud generated by using TLS to obtain the potential damage area. Secondly, the dynamic time-series displacement of the potential damage area was acquired by ground-based microwave interferometry, and the Extreme-Point Symmetric Mode Decomposition (ESMD) method was applied to detect damages by the use of signal decomposition and instantaneous frequency calculation. Lastly, the PS-InSAR technique was applied to obtain the surface deformation around Beishatan Bridge by using COSMO-SkyMed images with a ground resolution of 3 m × 3 m, and finally, we analyzed the causes of bridge damage. The experimental results showed that the proposed framework can effectively obtain the potential damage area of the bridge by the DSM from the point cloud by TLS and further judge whether the bridge was damaged by the ESMD method, based on the time-series displacement data. The results also showed that the subway shield construction may be the reason for damage to Beishatan Bridge.

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Namazi, Eshagh, and Hisham Mohamad. "Potential damage assessment in buildings undergoing tilt." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering 166, no. 4 (August 2013): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geng.10.00132.

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Krawinkler, Helmut, Aladdin Nassar, and Mohsen Rahnama. "Damage potential of Loma Prieta ground motions." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 81, no. 5 (October 1, 1991): 2048–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0810052048.

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Abstract This article focuses on an engineering evaluation of the ground motions recorded during the Loma Prieta earthquake. Regression analysis is employed to evaluate the attenuation characteristics of the elastic and inelastic strength demands imposed by rock and alluvium ground motions on bilinear single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems. Several records are used to illustrate the large seismic demands generated by soft soil ground motions. Strength capacities of modern code-designed structures are compared to the strength demands in order to assess the damage potential of the Loma Prieta ground motions. The Cypress structure is used as an example to illustrate the application of simple demand / capacity concepts for an evaluation of structural performance.

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Heim, M. K., and B. E. Gidal. "Vigabatrin-associated retinal damage - potential biochemical mechanisms." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 126, no. 4 (May 26, 2012): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2012.01684.x.

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Smith, A. "Potential for damage - and opportunity for growth." Astronomy & Geophysics 47, no. 3 (June 1, 2006): 3.7—b—3.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrog/47.3.3.7-b.

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Rollins, Kyle M., and H. Bolton Seed. "Influence of Buildings on Potential Liquefaction Damage." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 116, no. 2 (February 1990): 165–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1990)116:2(165).

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Provornaya, I. V., N. V. Yurkevich, and Y. A. Dzuba. "Mine Tailings: Environmental Damage and Resource Potential." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 459 (April 15, 2020): 022084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/459/2/022084.

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Vidriales, D. F., R. Gómez, and J. A. Escobar. "Scour and potential earthquake damage on bridges." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 652 (October 29, 2019): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/652/1/012013.

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Bhargavi, Podili, and S. T. G. Raghukanth. "Rating damage potential of ground motion records." Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 18, no. 2 (April 2019): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11803-019-0501-1.

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Nolte, Dale L., James P. Farley, Dan L. Campbell, Gisela M. Epple, and J. Russell Mason. "Potential repellents to prevent mountain beaver damage." Crop Protection 12, no. 8 (December 1993): 624–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(93)90127-5.

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Hinde, Stephen. "Incalculable potential for damage by cyber-terrorism." Computers & Security 20, no. 7 (October 2001): 568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(01)00704-0.

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Von Giesen, H. J., P. Weiß, G. Arendt, and H. Hefter. "Potential c-fiber damage in Wilson's disease." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 108, no. 4 (August 12, 2003): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0404.2003.00117.x.

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HUDSON, C. "Pulsatile haemodynamics: potential for end-organ damage?" Acta Ophthalmologica 88 (September 2010): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.2424.x.

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Singer, B. "DNA Damage: Chemistry, Repair, and Mutagenic Potential." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 23, no. 1 (February 1996): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtph.1996.0002.

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Patton, Aaron J., Gail E. Ruhl, Tom C. Creswell, Ping Wan, David E. Scott, Joe D. Becovitz, and Daniel V. Weisenberger. "Potential Damage to Sensitive Landscape Plants from Wood Chips of Aminocyclopyrachlor Damaged Trees." Weed Technology 27, no. 4 (December 2013): 803–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-13-00066.1.

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Applications of aminocyclopyrachlor in 2011 to turf resulted in brown and twisted shoots, leaves, and needles; shoot dieback; and in some cases, death of trees and ornamental plants adjacent to treated turf areas. Our research objective was to determine if a sensitive plant could be injured from wood chips (mulch) obtained from aminocyclopyrachlor-damaged trees, and to quantify movement of aminocyclopyrachlor from contaminated wood chips into soil and its subsequent uptake by roots into landscape plant tissues. Tomatoes were grown under greenhouse conditions and mulched with chipped tree branches collected from honey locust and Norway spruce damaged 12 mo previously by aminocyclopyrachlor. Analysis of tomato tissue for aminocyclopyrachlor residues 32 d after mulching found aminocyclopyrachlor in all mulched tomato plants, which was consistent with observations of epinasty on tomato leaflets. Aminocyclopyrachlor residues ranged from 0.5 to 8.0 ppb in tomato plants while chipped tree branches contained 1.7 to 14.7 ppb. Aminocyclopyrachlor residues in the potting soil below the mulch ranged from below the quantifiable limit to 0.63 ppb, indicating that aminocyclopyrachlor can leach from wood chips into soil, causing plant injury. These results indicate that trees damaged by aminocyclopyrachlor should not be chipped and used for mulch or as an ingredient in compost.

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Goodrich, Betsy, Ronda Koski, and William Jacobi. "Roadside Vegetation Health Condition and Magnesium Chloride (MgCl 2) Dust Suppressant Use in Two Colorado, U.S. Counties." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 34, no. 4 (July 1, 2008): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2008.034.

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Many abiotic and biotic factors affect the health of roadside vegetation, including the application of magnesium chloride (MgCl 2) dust suppression products. Three hundred seventy kilometers (230 mi) of forested, shrubland, meadow, rangeland, riparian, and wetland roadside habitats were surveyed along major nonpaved roads in two Colorado counties. Dominant species composition and visible damages of woody roadside vegetation were quantified. The majority (72.3% to 79.3%) of roadside vegetation surveyed was considered healthy (less than 5% damage to crown or stem), depending on slope position from the road. Severely damaged (greater than 50% damage) vegetation ranged from 6.4% to 11.4% of roadside cover, with the most severely damaged vegetation occurring downslope from the road. Percent of plants with severe or moderate damage increased with increasing MgCl 2application rates for roadside aspen, Engelmann spruce, and lodgepole and ponderosa pines. Further research is needed to determine the distribution of MgCl 2ions, nutrients, and interactions between MgCl 2and incidence of potential biotic damage agents in roadside soils and plants.

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Slezak, Jan, Branislav Kura, Táňa Ravingerová, Narcisa Tribulova, Ludmila Okruhlicova, and Miroslav Barancik. "Mechanisms of cardiac radiation injury and potential preventive approaches." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 93, no. 9 (September 2015): 737–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2015-0006.

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In addition to cytostatic treatment and surgery, the most common cancer treatment is gamma radiation. Despite sophisticated radiological techniques however, in addition to irradiation of the tumor, irradiation of the surrounding healthy tissue also takes place, which results in various side-effects, depending on the absorbed dose of radiation. Radiation either damages the cell DNA directly, or indirectly via the formation of oxygen radicals that in addition to the DNA damage, react with all cell organelles and interfere with their molecular mechanisms. The main features of radiation injury besides DNA damage is inflammation and increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes and cytokines. Endothelial damage and dysfunction of capillaries and small blood vessels plays a particularly important role in radiation injury. This review is focused on summarizing the currently available data concerning the mechanisms of radiation injury, as well as the effectiveness of various antioxidants, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and cytoprotective substances that may be utilized in preventing, mitigating, or treating the toxic effects of ionizing radiation on the heart.

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Yu, Linfeng, Zhongyi Zhan, Lili Ren, Shixiang Zong, Youqing Luo, and Huaguo Huang. "Evaluating the Potential of WorldView-3 Data to Classify Different Shoot Damage Ratios of Pinus yunnanensis." Forests 11, no. 4 (April 8, 2020): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040417.

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Tomicus yunnanensis Kirkendall and Faccoli and Tomicus minor Hartig have caused serious shoot damage in Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis Faranch) forests in the Yunnan province of China. However, very few remote sensing studies have been conducted to detect the different shoot damage ratios of individual trees. The aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of eight-band WorldView-3 satellite image for detecting different shoot damage ratios (e.g., “healthy”, “slightly”, “moderately”, and “severely”). An object-based supervised classification method was used in this study. The tree crowns were delineated on a 0.3 m pan-sharpened worldview-3 image as reference data. Besides the original eight bands, normalized two-band indices were derived as spectral variables. For classifying individual trees, three classifiers—multinomial logistic regression (MLR), a stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SDA), and random forest (RF)—were evaluated and compared in this study. Results showed that SDA classifier based on all spectral variables had the highest classification accuracy (78.33%, Kappa = 0.712). Compared to original eight bands of Worldview-3, normalized two-band indices could improve the overall accuracy. Furthermore, the shoot damage ratio was a good indicator for detecting different levels of individual damaged trees. We concluded that the Worldview-3 satellite data were suitable to classify different levels of damaged trees; therefore, the best mapping results of damaged trees was predicted based on the best classification model which is very useful for forest managers to take the appropriate measures to decrease shoot beetle damage in Yunnan pine forests.

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Britto, Pedro C., Dirk Jaeger, Stephan Hoffmann, Renato C. G. Robert, Alexander C. Vibrans, and Alfredo C. Fantini. "Feasibility of Sustainable Management of Secondary Atlantic Forest: Recovery and Mortality Rates of Damaged Trees Two Years After Harvesting." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 3, no. 1 (November 20, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecf2020-08484.

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Subject to overexploitation in past centuries, the Atlantic Forest is now strictly protected, including a ban on timber harvesting. However, this strict protection is a very controversial issue. It resulted in a lack of willingness of landholders to conserve and possibly even expand native forest areas. The lack of knowledge on impacts of potential timber-harvesting causes conflicts between conservation and management of the remnant Atlantic Forest. We believe that sustainable forest management, with reduced harvesting impact, has the potential to generate income for the landowners while sustaining important ecological services of the forest. Therefore, we assessed the harvesting impact of a conventional harvesting method (CM) and compared it to an alternative harvesting method (AM) in three different stands. We measured damage intensities of all remnant trees directly after harvesting and two years after harvesting. Tree damages were recorded in three different tree zones (crown, bole and leaning) and rated in three different intensity classes (minor, moderate and severe). Furthermore, we assessed the recovery and mortality rates of each damaged tree two years after harvesting. Improved AM harvesting reduced the impacts on trees with multiple damages, in particular to crown and bole damages combined. There is a strong relationship between steep terrains and crown damage. High mortality rates were related to stands with a high density of smaller trees and also to trees with leaning damage. Moreover, completely recovered trees were related to trees with light bole damage.

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Kamińska, Inez, and Aleksander Szwed. "A Thermodynamically Consistent Model of Quasibrittle Elastic Damaged Materials Based on a Novel Helmholtz Potential and Dissipation Function." Materials 14, no. 21 (October 23, 2021): 6323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216323.

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In the paper, a thermodynamically consistent model of elastic damaged material in the framework of small strain theory is formulated, describing the process of deterioration in quasibrittle materials, concrete in particular. The main goal is to appropriately depict the distinction between material responses in tension and compression. A novel Helmholtz energy and a dissipation potential including three damage parameters are introduced. The Helmholtz function has a continuous first derivative with respect to strain tensor. Based on the assumed functions, the strain–stress relationship, the damage condition, the evolution laws, and the tangent stiffness tensor are derived. The model’s predictions for uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, uniaxial cyclic compression–tension, and pure shear tests are calculated using Wolfram Mathematica in order to identify the main features of the model and to grasp the physical meaning of an isotropic damage parameter, a tensile damage parameter, and a compressive damage parameter. Their values can be directly bound to changes of secant stiffness and generalized Poisson’s ratio. An interpretation of damage parameters in association with three mechanisms of damage is given. The considered dissipation potential allows a flexible choice of a damage condition. The influence of material parameters included in dissipation function on damage mode interaction is discussed.

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Mallat, Naji S., Samir G. Mallat, Khaled M. Musallam, and Ali T. Taher. "Potential mechanisms for renal damage in beta-thalassemia." Journal of Nephrology 26, no. 5 (2013): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jn.5000253.

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Greig, Glenn L., and Gail M. Atkinson. "The Damage Potential of Eastern North American Earthquakes." Seismological Research Letters 64, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.64.2.119.

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Abstract We compare the damage potential of three recent eastern North American (ENA) earthquakes (Nahanni, 1985; Saguenay, 1988; and Mont Laurier, 1990) to that of the 1989 Loma Prieta, California earthquake. The Saguenay and Mont Laurier events were noteworthy due to their unusually high stress drops. The comparisons are based on synthetic ground motion records generated by the stochastic method, using source and attenuation models that were derived from actual records for each event. Damage potential is characterized by inelastic strength demand spectra, obtained by analyzing the response of nonlinear oscillators to each record. There is a strong similarity between the inelastic spectra and the more familiar elastic response spectra, although some significant differences are observed. Comparisons between events show that a moderate high-stress ENA earthquake, like Saguenay, can be as damaging to high-frequency structures as a major California earthquake.

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Namazi, Eshagh, Hisham Mohamad, and Benoit D. Jones. "Discussion: Potential damage assessment in buildings undergoing tilt." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering 167, no. 6 (December 2014): 596–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geng.14.00020.

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Mattioli, Anna Vittoria, Francesca Coppi, Antonio Manenti, and Alberto Farinetti. "Subclinical Vascular Damage: Current Insights and Future Potential." Vascular Health and Risk Management Volume 17 (November 2021): 729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s242636.

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Youssef, Mahmoud I., Jing Ma, Zhong Chen, and Wei-Wei Hu. "Potential therapeutic agents for ischemic white matter damage." Neurochemistry International 149 (October 2021): 105116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105116.

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&NA;. "Fibroblast growth factor: potential for preventing radiation damage?" Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1304 (September 2001): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200113040-00017.

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Tucker, V., F. King, and J. Nightingale. "Thoracic epidurals and avoidance of potential neurological damage." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 19, no. 10 (October 2002): 772–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003643-200210000-00017.

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Urbanowicz, John H., Robert S. Kernoff, Gary Oppenheim, Edward Parnagian, Margaret E. Billingham, and Richard L. Popp. "Transesophageal Echocardiography and its Potential for Esophageal Damage." Anesthesiology 72, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199001000-00008.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Potential damage'

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