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Journal articles on the topic 'Potato seed'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Gaitova, Natalia, Boris Anisimox, Sergey Zhevora, Valentina Boyko, Natalia Gaitova, Nadezhda Fenina, and Olga Shishkina. "Improve potato seeds in potato seed farming: practical account." Agro-Innovation, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35244/22-02.

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The technological process of growing potato seed material begins with the acquisition of the source material and its accelerated reproduction to the required volumes. To include new perspective varieties and hybrids in seed programs, they must be released from a viral infection. Exemption from viruses is a responsible, time-consuming and costly process that requires professionalism, but in the absence of this stage, promising varieties cannot participate in the implementation of seed programs. Only in vitro, a material thoroughly assessed with regard to the presence of pathogens, the varietal typicality and severity of the main variety distinctive features can ensure the high quality of seed potatoes in basic seed production.

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2

Gopal, J. "True Potato Seed." Journal of New Seeds 5, no. 4 (December 2003): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j153v05n04_05.

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3

Jansky, S., A. Hamernik, and X. Cai. "Rapid cycling with true potato seed." Seed Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (April 1, 2012): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2012.40.1.05.

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4

Sikka, L. C., A. S. Bhagari, J. M. Ssebuliba, and R. Kanzikwera. "POTATO PRODUCTION FROM TRUE POTATO SEED." Acta Horticulturae, no. 380 (November 1994): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.380.75.

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5

Dědič, P., J. Ptáček, V. Horáčková, V. Matoušek, N. Čeřovská, and M. Filigarová. "Potato virus S (PVS): puzzling virus for potato breeders and seed producers." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 648–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10581-pps.

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In the framework of PVS eradication from breeding materials of Czech potato cultivars, the systematic research was devoted to: susceptibility of cultivars, occurrence of PVS in imported and domestic materials, and to maintenance of virus-free basic grades potatoes on breeding stations. In the field-exposure trials was proved high level of susceptibility of most cultivars to PVS and by contraries, gradualy increased proportion of maintained virus-free cultivars of foreign, as well as domestic origin. Nevertheless severe infestation still persist in some of them. The contemporary situation with maintenance of virus-free basic material in CR was demonstrated.

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6

Kai Zhao, G. M. Hyde, R. E. Thornton, and M. J. Pitts. "optimizing Potato Seed Cutting." Transactions of the ASAE 32, no. 1 (1989): 0285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30997.

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7

Pallais, N. "True potato seed quality." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 73, no. 6 (April 1987): 784–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00289380.

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8

Kawakami, Tsukasa, Hidemiki Oohori, and Kazuyuki Tajima. "Seed potato production system in Japan, starting from foundation seed of potato." Breeding Science 65, no. 1 (2015): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.65.17.

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9

Shaheb, Md Rayhan Shaheb, M. Mahbuba Begum, Kabir Uddin Ahmed, Mahmudul Islam Nazrul, and Siert G. Wiersema. "Challenges of Seed Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production and Supply System in Bangladesh - A Review." Agriculturists 13, no. 1 (January 24, 2016): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v13i1.26560.

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Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) is an important vegetable that plays a vital role in global food and nutritional security and alleviation of poverty, especially in Bangladesh. Although, the soil and climatic conditions of Bangladesh are favourable for potato cultivation, every year production is hampered due to use of low quality seeds. Seed potato industry is developing in Bangladesh. However, only 5-10% quality seeds are being produced and used by the potato farmers. Quality seeds alone can contribute to increased yield by 15-20%. Both public and private sectors together supply only 5% quality seed potato and the rest 95% is almost of low quality produced by the farmers themselves. In prioritizing different issues of agriculture, challenges of production and supply of quality seed to the farmers should be considered as a top priority issue. For increasing quality seeds, the whole seed system needs to be reviewed. The present work was an attempt to review the seed potato production systems, supply system and also to identify the possible challenges and policy implications in regards of the problems on seed potato in Bangladesh.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(1) 173-188

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10

Lindner, Kerstin, Friedhilde Trautwein, Adolf Kellermann, and Gerda Bauch. "Potato virus Y (PVY) in Seed Potato Certification." Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 122, no. 3 (June 2015): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03356539.

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11

Tegg, R. S., and C. R. Wilson. "QPCR testing seed potato tubers for pathogens – what value for potato seed certification?" Acta Horticulturae, no. 1118 (May 2016): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2016.1118.17.

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12

Concibido, Vergel C. "A SEED SELECTION SYSTEM FOR VIGOROUS TRUE POTATO SEEDS." HortScience 25, no. 4 (April 1990): 400f—400. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.4.400f.

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In developing countries, the use of True Potato Seed (TPS) technology offers some potential economic and biological advantages compared to using seed tubers. One problem with using TPS technology is the lack of seedling vigor, poor germination and non-uniformity of seedlings derived from TPS. Open-pollinated true seeds were divided into three classes based on differences in embryo morphology. Highly significant differences were observed among these seed classes for 100-seed weights, percent germination, rate of germination, 10-seedling weights and percent seedlings with leaves unfurled, ten days after sowing. Seed classes were quantified in terms of 100-seed weight with Seed class 1 having the lowest weight and Seed class 3 the highest; A significantly high r value (0.99) was obtained between seed classes and 10-seedling weight. High r values (0.93) and (0.94) were also obtained between seed classes and percent germination and percent seedlings with unfurled leaves, respectively. Results indicate that it may be possible to use these differences on embryo morphology as a basis for selecting vigorous true potato seeds.

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13

Sakha, Binesh M., Gyan P. Rai, Shambhu P. Dhital, and Ram B. Nepal. "Disease-free Pre-Basic Seed Potato Production through Tissue Culture in Nepal." Nepal Agriculture Research Journal 8 (November 18, 2014): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11564.

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Pre-basic seed potatoes are disease free potato minitubers produced by transplanting pathogen free in vitro potato plantlets under protected condition in aphid-proof glasshouse and/or screen house. Double antibody sand witched - enzyme linked immuno-sorbant assay is used to test six major potato viruses, namely PLRV, PVS, PVX, PVY, PVA and PVM. Thermotherapy cum meristem tip excision techniques are used to eliminate these viruses. Virus free in vitro potato plantlets are rapidly propagated by single nodal cuttings on modified MS media. For pre-basic seed production disease free in vitro potato plantlets are transplanted in the sterile sand soil substrate under glasshouse and screen house, once in autumn season and next in spring season. Since 1990, National Potato Research Program has been producing about 200,000 pre-basic seeds annually. So far, PBS of 19 different recommended and released potato cultivars has been produced. Till date 3,465,799 PBS had been produced and 3,217,666 pre-basic seeds distributed to the different seed potato growers groups, District Agriculture Development Offices, government farms/research stations, and NGOs/INGOs for subsequent basic seed potato production. After establishment of tissue culture facilities in National Potato Research Program, the productivity of potato has been increased by 71% due to utilization of pre-basic seed potatoes.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 7-13DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11564

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14

Frost, Kenneth E., Russell L. Groves, and Amy O. Charkowski. "Integrated Control of Potato Pathogens Through Seed Potato Certification and Provision of Clean Seed Potatoes." Plant Disease 97, no. 10 (October 2013): 1268–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-13-0477-fe.

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Long-term data sets are rare in agriculture, and the impact of plant diseases on food production is challenging to measure, which makes it difficult to assess the impact of policy changes or research-based disease control efforts. Despite this challenge, it is clear that one of the largest impacts of biological research on food security over the past century has been in production of vegetatively propagated fruit and vegetable crops such as potato. The yield and quality of these crops is higher in countries that have effective plant propagation and certification systems. Of these systems, seed potato production and certification is among the most developed. We analyzed a dataset from a century-old seed potato certification program in Wisconsin to assess the efficacy for potato disease control and the cost of this program compared to other disease control and potato production costs. We found that over the past century, certification has gradually reduced the incidence of mechanically transmitted vascular potato pathogens that lack insect vectors to undetectable levels, and much of this reduction occurred prior to the use of tissue culture and the development of immunoassays. Rejection of seed lots from certification is now rare, with Potato virus Y (PVY), a virus spread nonpersistently by numerous, noncolonizing aphid species, and farmer errors being the main causes of rejection. PVY level increases occurred in 2000, coincident with the first detection of a new invasive vector, soybean aphid, in the Midwest. The increased PVY incidence was more pronounced in varieties that exhibit mild foliar symptoms. Starting in 2004, a decrease in PVY incidence occurred following comprehensive science-based changes to early generation seed potato production. The cost of the certification program has not increased in two decades, and the fees charged are comparable to those in 1913. The cooperative nature of the seed potato certification program has contributed to its sustainability across generations. However, looming soilborne disease problems are not easily addressed by certification and will likely cause significant challenges in the future.

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15

Kuncoro, C. Bambang Dwi, Tandi Sutandi, Cornelia Adristi, and Yean-Der Kuan. "Aeroponics Root Chamber Temperature Conditioning Design for Smart Mini-Tuber Potato Seed Cultivation." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 4, 2021): 5140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095140.

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The aeroponic plant root environment has a significant role in producing high-quality seed tuber potatoes. However, in lowland and tropical regions, the aeroponic system cannot yield high-quality potato seed because the average environment temperature year-round is high. In a high-temperature environment, the potato plant roots cannot optimally absorb the nutrient solution for healthy plant growth. This paper presents the method used to maintain the aeroponics root chamber temperature conditions. An air conditioning system was adopted to supply air with the optimal temperature range for mini-tuber potato seed cultivation. The vapor compression refrigeration type was applied in the air conditioning system. The root chamber temperature is controlled and monitored using an Arduino Uno board system. The mini-tuber potato seed cultivation field experiment results show the proposed method can maintain the aeroponic root chamber temperature. The root chamber temperature treatment operated in the 10 °C–20 °C range. This temperature range improved the potato seed tuber yield. The potato seed tuber yield potential is observed from the stolon number produced by the mini-tuber potato plants cultivated in the root chamber with the conditioned temperature. The field experiment reveals that the stolon number produced by potato seeds cultivated in the root chamber with conditioned temperature was up to 77% greater than the number of potato seeds cultivated in the root chamber with the unconditioned temperature.

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16

Pallais, Noël. "STORAGE OF TRUE POTATO SEED." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 577c—577. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.577c.

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True potato seed of Atzimba × 104.12LB (intermediate dormancy) was dried to seed moisture contents ranging from 3.85 to 12.5% (dry wt basis) and was stored for 2 years at 30, 15 and 5°C. Seed was tested for various germination and seedling vigor criteria at 4 month intervals. Seed dormancy and viability were better preserved at seed moisture levels below 7% and as temperature decreased. High moisture (>9%) was lethal to seed stored at 30°C. TPS should be stored at <5% seed moisture content. Under this condition seed dormancy in the genotype studied was lost after about 12 months at 30°C.

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17

Maene, D. ir L. "MINITUBERS FOR SEED POTATO PRODUCTION." Acta Horticulturae, no. 355 (February 1994): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.355.26.

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18

G. M. Hyde, Kai Zhao, M. J. Pitts, R. E. Thornton, and J. A. Roberson. "Cut Potato Seed Piece Separation." Transactions of the ASAE 32, no. 1 (1989): 0250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30991.

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19

Wróbel, Sławomir, and Adam Wąsik. "Seed Potato Production in Poland." American Journal of Potato Research 91, no. 3 (October 19, 2013): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12230-013-9346-8.

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20

WILSON, C. R., and R. A. C. JONES. "Virus content of seed potato stocks produced in a unique seed potato production scheme." Annals of Applied Biology 116, no. 1 (February 1990): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1990.tb06589.x.

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21

Hamm, P. B., and D. C. Hane. "Effects of Seedborne Potato Leafroll Virus on Russet Norkotah Potato." Plant Disease 83, no. 12 (December 1999): 1122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.12.1122.

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Tuber yield and quality of cv. Russet Norkotah potato plants grown from seed infected with potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) were compared with tuber yield and quality of adjacent plants grown from virus-free seed. Plants from PLRV-infected seed produced at least 60% less total yield and 88% less marketable yield (tubers >85 g) than plants grown from healthy seed. PLRV-infected seed also produced plants with fewer and smaller tubers than plants grown from healthy seed. No compensatory yield was measured in plants grown from PLRV-free seed growing adjacent to plants from PLRV-infected seed.

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22

Perl, A., D. Aviv, and E. Galun. "Protoplast-Fusion-Derived CMS Potato Cybrids: Potential Seed-Parents for Hybrid, True-Potato-Seeds." Journal of Heredity 81, no. 6 (November 1990): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111022.

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23

Pallais, Noël, José Santos-Rojas, and Rosario Falcón. "Storage Temperature Affects Sexual Potato Seed Dormancy." HortScience 31, no. 1 (February 1996): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.1.99.

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Sexual potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) seeds require many months of afterripening in dry storage to completely lose dormancy and germinate readily at >25C. We examined the relationship between storage temperature and seed dormancy, as assessed by the percentage of germination after 4 days. Two F1 hybrid lots of `Desiree' × 7XY.1 were used; one seed lot was produced by carefully removing half of the developing tubers from the mother plant during seed development, and the control remained undisturbed. Seeds were stored with 3.4% moisture (dry-weight basis) at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50C and were tested eight times during 29 months for daily germination at 27/40C (21/3 h) for the first 8 days, followed by 6 days at 17C. After 29 months of storage, final germination was <97% only when control seeds were stored at 50C, in which germination was 72%. Germination after 4 days increased curvilinearly with increasing storage temperature, and both seed lots similarly lost dormancy (germination >90%) after 10 months at 40C. Optimum germination levels were maintained after 29 months at 40C. Seeds stored at 50C never completely lost dormancy, and after 7 months of storage, germination at 4 days gradually decreased to zero. Dormancy was eventually lost after 29 months in most seeds stored at <40C, and differences between seed lots suggest that removing tubers from the mother plant increased dormancy. We conclude that dry potato seeds can be safely afterripened at temperatures up to 40C; lower temperatures slow the rate of dormancy loss, and higher ones are detrimental to seed quality.

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24

Zeng, Yuan, Ana Cristina Fulladolsa, Andrew Houser, and Amy O. Charkowski. "Colorado Seed Potato Certification Data Analysis Shows Mosaic and Blackleg are Major Diseases of Seed Potato and Identifies Tolerant Potato Varieties." Plant Disease 103, no. 2 (February 2019): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-18-0484-re.

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Seed potato certification programs aim to limit disease incidence in planting material to levels below a threshold that causes significant losses to seed potato buyers. Records maintained for seed potato certification can be analyzed for trends in seed potato varietal mixture and disease incidences over time. We used logistic regression models to determine effects of year, potato variety, and their interaction on the incidences of potato diseases and disorders based on seed potato certification data collected in Colorado from 2012 to 2016. The effect of seed generation of important varieties on the incidence of common potato diseases was also quantified. Among the documented diseases, mosaic, caused primarily by Potato virus Y, is a persistent problem leading to high percentage of seed lot rejections in both summer and winter inspections, while blackleg, caused by Dickeya spp. and Pectobacterium spp., was a common disease causing summer rejections. The model demonstrated year, potato variety, and their interaction were key factors contributing to incidence of varietal mixture, or one or more potato diseases and disorders. For summer inspections, our models identified 53, 42, and six varieties sensitive to mosaic, blackleg, and leafroll, respectively. There were 17, 15, and six varieties that were tolerant to mosaic, blackleg, and leafroll regardless of pathogen pressures in the environment. For winter inspections, 51 varieties were sensitive to mosaic and three to leafroll, whereas 45 and one were relatively tolerant to mosaic and leafroll. The pattern of seed generation effects of selected potato varieties on mosaic and blackleg incidence was inconsistent across inspection years. In addition, we observed a significant negative correlation between the relative abundance of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and mosaic in winter inspections. Mosaic incidences in summer and leafroll incidences were not influenced by common aphid species captured or total aphids in the valley. These results identify mosaic and blackleg as major causes of seed potato rejections and downgrades, sensitive and tolerant varieties, and provide suggestions for improving integrated crop management practices in Colorado.

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25

Sinulingg, Riama Hotmaina, Iskandarini ., and Tavi Supriana. "Factors Affecting Farmers' Decisions to Use Certified Granola Potato Seeds in Parbuluan District, Dairi Regency." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210818.

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Agricultural products, including potatoes, are still faced with several problems with fluctuations and quite high price sensitivity, mainly due to changes in demand and supply. Decreased (degenerative) production occurs because of the disease that accumulates in each generation of potato seeds and continues to be carried over to the next generation. So that certified potato seeds are needed to increase farmers' production. This study will analyze the influence of the factors of farmer age, education level, farming experience, productivity, seed price, land area, farmer group participation in influencing farmers' decisions to use certified potato seeds. From the total population of potato farmers as many as 365 farmers in Parbuluan District, Dairi Regency, North Sumatra, testing was carried out on 78 samples with the results that the variables of productivity, price, farmer group participation had a significant effect on the use of certified potato seeds, while the variables of age, education, experience, area Land does not have a significant effect on the use of certified potato seeds and productivity, price, farmer group participation, age, education, experience, and land area all influence farmers' decisions to use certified potato seeds. Keywords: Certified Potato Seed, Potato Farmer, Potato Production.

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26

Andreason, Sharon A., Omotola G. Olaniyi, Andrea C. Gilliard, Phillip A. Wadl, Livy H. Williams, D. Michael Jackson, Alvin M. Simmons, and Kai-Shu Ling. "Large-Scale Seedling Grow-Out Experiments Do Not Support Seed Transmission of Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus in Sweet Potato." Plants 10, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010139.

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Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) threatens global sweet potato production. SPLCV is transmitted by Bemisia tabaci or via infected vegetative planting materials; however, SPLCV was suggested to be seed transmissible, which is a characteristic that is disputed for geminiviruses. The objective of this study was to revisit the validity of seed transmission of SPLCV in sweet potato. Using large-scale grow-out of sweet potato seedlings from SPLCV-contaminated seeds over 4 consecutive years, approximately 23,034 sweet potato seedlings of 118 genotype entries were evaluated. All seedlings germinating in a greenhouse under insect-proof conditions or in a growth chamber were free of SPLCV; however, a few seedlings grown in an open bench greenhouse lacking insect exclusion tested positive for SPLCV. Inspection of these seedlings revealed that B. tabaci had infiltrated the greenhouse. Therefore, transmission experiments were conducted using B. tabaci MEAM1, demonstrating successful vector transmission of SPLCV to sweet potato. Additionally, tests on contaminated seed coats and germinating cotyledons demonstrated that SPLCV contaminated a high percentage of seed coats collected from infected maternal plants, but SPLCV was never detected in emerging cotyledons. Based on the results of grow-out experiments, seed coat and cotyledon tests, and vector transmission experiments, we conclude that SPLCV is not seed transmitted in sweet potato.

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27

Pallais, Noël. "True Potato Seed: Changing Potato Propagation from Vegetative to Sexual." HortScience 26, no. 3 (March 1991): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.3.239.

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28

Chujoy, Enrique, and Rolando Cabello. "The Canon of Potato Science: 29. True Potato Seed (TPS)." Potato Research 50, no. 3-4 (July 2007): 323–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11540-008-9058-5.

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29

DIFONZO, C. D., D. W. RAGSDALE, E. B. RADCLIFFE, N. C. GUDMESTAD, and G. A. SECOR. "Crop borders reduce potato virus Y incidence in seed potato." Annals of Applied Biology 129, no. 2 (October 1996): 289–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1996.tb05752.x.

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30

Abdurakhimov, K. "Growing ecologically clean potato seed material." African Journal of Plant Science 6, no. 3 (February 28, 2012): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajps10.051.

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31

Lindhout, Pim, Dennis Meijer, Theo Schotte, Ronald C. B. Hutten, Richard G. F. Visser, and Herman J. van Eck. "Towards F1 Hybrid Seed Potato Breeding." Potato Research 54, no. 4 (December 2011): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11540-011-9196-z.

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32

DeHaan, Toni-Lynn. "Seed potato certification and diagnostic testing." Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 16, no. 2 (June 1994): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060669409500777.

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33

Powelson, Mary L., Robin Ludy, Heather Heather, Debra A. Inglis, Babette Gundersen, and Mike Derie. "Seed Borne Late Blight of Potato." Plant Health Progress 3, no. 1 (January 2002): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2002-0129-01-hm.

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Planting of potato seed pieces infected with Phytophthora infestans can lead to the introduction of late blight within a planting. When infected seed pieces are planted, there are three resulting scenarios: (i) a healthy plant emerges, (ii) no plant emerges because of the rapid decay of the seed piece, or (iii) a symptomatic plant emerges. A major factor favoring stand establishment and seed transmission is the severity of seed piece infection. When infection is severe, stand is compromised and transmission rate is low. When infection is mild, the plant emerges before the seed piece decays and, in some instances, the pathogen makes its way from the seed piece to the plant where a stem lesion is formed. Diseased seed tubers are the principle source of late blight inoculum for infection of healthy seed pieces. Treatment of infected or blighted seed tubers with a seed dressing with activity against P. infestans is not a viable tactic because the products are ineffective against established infections. Conversely, treatment of healthy seed pieces provides a high level of protection against late blight spores that are spread during the seed handling and planting operations. Optimum effectiveness is achieved when products are applied immediately following cutting, as none are effective against established infections. Seed treatment reduces the risk of seed transmission of late blight and enhances stand establishment and plant vigor. This tactic should be an important component of an integrated late blight management program. Accepted for publication 16 January 2002. Published 29 January 2002.

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34

Kidd, George. "ESCAgenetics' success with true potato seed." Bio/Technology 12, no. 4 (April 1994): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0494-347.

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35

Naderpour, M., R. Shahbazi, F. Ramazani, O. Khaleseh, and F. Hassani. "Potato seed certification scheme in Iran." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1315 (July 2021): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2021.1315.21.

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36

Mutinda, R. M., E. W. Gathungu, A. M. Kibe, and D. K. Wambua. "Factors influencing agripreneurs’ investment decision and level in clean seed potato enterprises in the highlands of Kenya." African Crop Science Journal 28, s1 (October 2, 2020): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i1.12s.

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High quality seed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) supply has failed to meet the growing demand estimated at 250,000 metric tonnes from 161,000 ha of ware potato for cultivation by 600,000-800,000 small-scale farmers in Kenya. Increased investments by private seed potato multipliers could alleviate the shortage of seed potato by enhancing availability and accessibility to quality seed, and bridging the supply that currently meets less than 5% of the demand. The objective of this study was to investigate factors that influence agripreneurs’ investment decisions and level of investment in clean seed potato enterprise in the highlands of the Rift Valley, Kenya. The study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey of 380 agripreneurs. The Double hurdle (Craggit) model analysis revealed that training, frequency of extension services, family history in seed potato business, years spent in school and selling price, significantly (P<.05) influenced the probability of agripreneurs’ decision to invest in clean seed potato enterprises in the highlands of Kenya. Initial land size put under seed potato production at the commencement of the enterprise, higher annual household income, number of cropping seasons, total land under seed potato and group membership fee also significantly (P <.05) influenced the decision and level of investment in clean seed potato enterprise.

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37

MUTALA’LIAH, MUTALA’LIAH, SIWI INDARTI, and ARIF WIBOWO. "Short Communication: The prevalence and species of root-knot nematode which infect on potato seed in Central Java, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 1 (December 4, 2018): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200102.

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Mutala’liah, Indarti S , Wibowo A. 2019. Short Communication: The prevalence and species of root-knot nematode which infect on potato seed in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 11-16. Root-knot nematodes are considered as one of the most destructive pathogens of potatoes, especially on tuber seed. Infected potato seed will cause tuber malformation and the most important thing is as the main spreading source of Meloidogyne spp. The objective of this research was to know the prevalence and identify the species of root-knot nematode which attack the potato seed in four sub-districts of potato production centre in Central Java, Indonesia. Molecular and morphological identification was conducted for the nematode species identification. PCR assay using MIG primer to detect three tropical root-knot nematodes followed by sequencing was conducted for molecular detection, while the perennial pattern was conducted for morphological detection. Results showed that root-knot nematodes on potato seed were generally distributed in Central Java with the prevalence percentage between 14.28-88.23% on the three from four sampling area. The molecular and morphological identification show that species of root-knot nematodes identified on potato seeds were Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita, and M. arenaria.

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Gbonamou, Michel, Aya Carine N’Guessan, Daouda Kone, and Mamady Bamba. "Spread of bacterial wilt disease of potato in the highlands of Fouta Djalon, Republic of Guinea." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 9 (March 25, 2021): 3353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i9.30.

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Bacterial wilt in potato (Solanum tuberosum) is caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in the highlands of Fouta Djalon in Guinea. The disease causes 50-70% loss of potato in Guinea. The bacterium is transmitted either by imported tuber seeds or through seed exchanges between the farmers themselves from a contaminated area to bacteria-free areas or through irrigation waters along the fields. This is mainly a consequence of the informal potato seed system that prevails in Guinea. Because of the high price of seeds, farmers use several sources of supply. However, potato is an attractive cash crop in Guinea and the most important economic crop in Fouta Djalon. Most populations in the middle Guinea utilizes potato. The potato farmer's organization in Guinea, FPFD (Fédération des Producteurs du Fouta Djalon), is a model in West African sub-region because of its dynamism and organization with its 500 groups, 25 unions and more than 25,000 members. Training of potato growers in certified seed production techniques remains a major problem in Guinea that needed to be solved. This information is important for developing bacterial wilt disease management strategies through the training of farmers and state support for research.

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Ong’ayo, M. J., E. O. Gido, O. I. Ayuya, M. Mwangi, and A. M. Kibe. "Role of networking capability, socio-economic and institutional characteristics on adoption tendencies of clean seed potato agri-enterprises in central Rift Valley, Kenya." African Crop Science Journal 28, s1 (October 2, 2020): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i1.10s.

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Even though quality of seed is a major yield determinant in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production and global food security, inadequate availability of and access to high quality (certified) seed is a major challenge to potato producers in Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to examine farmer’s adoption tendency towards decentralised clean seed potato multiplication agri-enterprise (CSPMAE) in Central Rift Valley, Kenya, which aids in implementation of stage matched entrepreneurial interventions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire on 54 seed potato producers and 192 non-seed potato producers, through multistage sampling. Ordered logistic regression analysis, based on the trans-theoretical model, revealed that household head, partner knowledge, gender, land size allocated for potato production, level of education, ownership of transport and/or storage facilities, frequency of interaction with certified seed potato producers and agricultural extension officers influenced adoption tendencies of CSPMAE, positively and significantly. Seed potato value chain stakeholder platforms, development workers and donors should prioritise their support for clean seed agri-enterprises to farmers with such traits. This is likely to lead to increased supply of access to clean seed, thereby improving potato yields in Kenya.

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Grasmick, M. E., and S. A. Slack. "Effect of potato spindle tuber viroid on sexual reproduction and viroid transmission in true potato seed." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-048.

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The effect of potato spindle tuber viroid infection on pollen viability, fruit-set, botanical seed set, seed weight, and seed germination in potatoes was determined. Pollen collected from the infected cultivar 'Monona' was less viable than pollen collected from healthy plants. Pollen collected from infected plants reduced seed set significantly but did not reduce fruit development or seed set in all cultivars tested. For some cultivars, infected maternal plants increased the frequency of fruit development and seed weight compared with healthy controls. True potato seed from viroid-infected 'Katahdin' × 'Superior' crosses germinated at a higher rate than did seed from comparable uninfected parents. Progeny from viroid-infected parents that exhibited potato spindle tuber viroidlike symptoms did not always test positive for potato spindle tuber viroid by bioassay or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis tests. Efficiency of potato spindle tuber viroid detection by bioassay was highest for seedlings 2 weeks after imbibition. Potato spindle tuber viroid was detected in 100% of the progeny tested after true potato seed was stored at 4 °C for 12 years. Tests on selfed true potato seed from the viroid-infected cultivar 'Monona' demonstrated a transmission rate of 100% after subinoculation of initial bioassay plants.

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Sekhon, H. S., and M. Singh. "Optimizing seed rate and stem density for seed potato production." Journal of Agricultural Science 105, no. 1 (August 1985): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600055866.

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Previous investigations (e.g. Bates, 1935; Singh, 1952; Bremner & Taha, 1966; Sharpe & Dent, 1968) established that increase in the size of potato seed planted and decrease in inter-sett spaoing increased the number of stems and of tubers, resulting in yield advantage generally, but reduced tuber size in the produce. The use of large seed and of close spacing are, therefore, generally preferred for growing a seed crop. However, their use involves higher seed rates, especially when the two are combined. At high seed rates the improvement in yield with increased seed rate may not be commensurate with the extra investment in seed, beoause of the associated increase in inter-sprout and inter-tuber competition. The severity of the competition may be intensified when some factor, for example water, limits tuber growth (Singh, 1952). As the number of stems is not a simple multiple of seed weight, because of the phenomenon of ‘apical dominance’ in potato tubers, it may be desirable to plant small seed or ‘chats’ closely, without increasing seed rate unduly, to optimize stem density without sacrificing net yield (total yield –seed planted). To investigate this, a seed size and spacing experiment was conducted under irrigated conditions in the autumn crop season.

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Wiersema, S. G. "A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed." Potato Research 29, no. 2 (June 1986): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02357653.

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Pallais, N. "Osmotic priming of true potato seed: Effects of seed age." Potato Research 32, no. 2 (June 1989): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02358239.

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Rosenman, Jeremy, Christopher S. McIntosh, Giri Raj Aryal, and Phil Nolte. "Planting a Problem: Examining the Spread of Seed-Borne Potato Virus Y." Plant Disease 103, no. 9 (September 2019): 2179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-18-2004-sr.

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Potato virus Y (PVY) is among the most economically impactful potato pathogens, yet the spread of PVY from infected seed potatoes within commercial potato fields has not been adequately studied. Test lots containing various seed-borne PVY levels were created by mixing different proportions of seed pieces from healthy and infected tubers drawn from the same seed source. These seed lots were planted in commercial potato fields near the Teton Seed Potato Management Area from 2010 to 2012. Regression analyses on data from these test plots produced models of the in-season spread of PVY originating from infected seed. Conventional ordinary least squares techniques were supplemented with the use of quantile regression; the resulting models indicate the significance of seed-borne PVY on end-of-season infection levels and highlight the need of seed potato buyers to review postharvest testing results.

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Okeyo, Gidraf Onduru, Kalpana Sharma, Elly Atieno, Rama Devi Narla, Douglas Watuku Miano, and Elmar Schulte-Geldermann. "Effectiveness of Positive Selection in Managing Seed-Borne Potato Viruses." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 3 (February 9, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n3p71.

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Potato productivity in Kenya has remained below the potential due to the use of infected seed tubers especially by seed borne viruses. A study was carried out to asses the effectiveness of Positive Selection (PS) in managing seed borne potato viruses. Sprouted seed potato tubers of nine genotypes; three commercial varieties and six advanced International Potato Center (CIP) clones were screened in the field for two seasons, Field Generation Three (FG3) and Field Generation Four (FG4), respectively. In each season, experimental plots were divided into two sub-plots in which one sub-plot was planted with seed tubers sourced through Random Seed Selection (RSS) and the other with seed tuber sourced through Positive Selection (PS). Positive selection plots had low visual virus incidences, high number of tubers per hill and yield (t/ha) in both FG3 and FG4 growing seasons irrespective of the genotypes. ELISA test also revealed that Potato Virus S (PVS) (78%) was the most predominant virus followed by Potato Virus Y (PVY) (20%), Potato Leaf Roll Virus (PLRV) (16%) and Potato Virus M (PVM) (9%) in RSS plots either with single or multiple infections. Positive Selection plots recorded low virus incidences of PVS (47%), and PVY, PLRV and PVM were absent in the tubers tested with ELISA. This study concludes that Positive Selection is a good management strategy to manage the seed borne potato viruses, and if adopted, small holder farmers can reduce the yield losses arising from use of virus infected seed tubers.

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Haksar, E. V., M. S. Romanova, O. O. Novikov, N. I. Leonova, and G. A. Romashov. "Obtaining high quality potato seed material on aerohydroponic installations." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 49, no. 6 (January 29, 2020): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2019-6-2.

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The results of the study on the production of potato minitubers by aeroponic and aero-hydroponic methods, which are non-substrate methods of growing plants, are presented. In order to develop technologies for growing virus-free potato seed material in closed systems, experiments on growing potato minitubers in multiuse aeroponic systems were conducted. Early-ripening potato varieties Rosara, Antonina and Yubilyar, mid-ripening Solnechny variety, and S-112 and Ch hybrids were used as the tested potato varieties. The plant growing cycle was divided into three phases: adaptation, growth, and tuberization. For each phase, different cultivation parameters were used. As a light source, highpressure sodium lamps DNaT 400 were used. The quantitative yield of potato minitubers per one plant on this type of systems was as follows: Antonina variety – 15.3 pcs., Yubilyar variety – 23 pcs., Hybrid Ch – 28.1 pcs., Hybrid S-112 – 30.2 pcs., Solnechny variety – 30.3 pcs., Rosara variety – 43.9 pcs. The effect of various light sources on the quantitative yield of potato minitubers of Nevsky and Yubilyar varieties was studied for this type of systems. Cultivation of potatoes in these systems was carried out according to the technology described, but using two different types of light sources. In the control variant, high-pressure sodium lamps DNaT 400 were used, in the experimental variant, LED lamps produced by CoB (full spectrum) technology with a passive cooling system were used. The use of LED lighting on Nevsky variety led to a statistically signiﬁ cant increase in the quantitative yield of potato minitubers from one plant compared to the control, by 20.88%. The prospects of using Fagro aero-hydroponic systems for adaptation of potato microplants and for obtaining potato minitubers of Rosara and Solnechny varieties were shown. The quantitative yield of potato minitubers per plant on this type of installations was 46.9 pcs. for Rosara variety, and 56.7 pcs. for Solnechny.

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Tessema, Lemma, and Zebenay Dagne. "Aeroponics and Sand Hydroponics: Alternative Technologies for Pre-Basic Seed Potato Production in Ethiopia." Open Agriculture 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0049.

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Abstract Potato is the third most important food crop worldwide after rice and wheat in terms of human consumption, and global production exceeds 374 million metric tons. Despite this immense importance, potato yields from small-scale farmers in most developing countries including Ethiopia fall far below their capacity, mainly because of insufficient access to high quality seed and limited knowledge on crop husbandry. Moreover, 98.7% of the seed being used come from the informal seed system which lacks appropriate phytosanitary schemes. Frequent seed degeneration nature and low multiplication rate of the crop also provoked less productivity of potato. Hence, technological improvements are necessary for increasing potato productivity and decreasing different bottlenecks of the crop. Aeroponics, sand hydroponics and tissue culture based seed multiplication techniques are currently accelerating the supply of disease free seed potato to the country. Thus, to take advantage of the yield capability of potato by improving the maximum production determinant elements like seed quality, these alternative pre-basic seed potato multiplication technologies could be duly verified and used as an option to boost the yield of potato.

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Sembiring, Asma, Rini Roro Murtiningsih, and Kusmana Kusmana. "G0 Potato Seed Production Management in Indonesia: An Overview and The Challenges." AGRARIS: Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Research 7, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/agraris.v7i1.5943.

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The availability of Indonesian potato seed and production of potato for consumption depends on the availability and quality of Generation 0 (G0) potato seed. This study aims to observe G0 potato seed production management in Indonesia. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and survey. Thirty-seven G0 potato seed producers participated in the survey. Data were analyzed descriptively, while the feasibility of the farm budget of G0 potato production was calculated using the enterprise budget method. The results showed that the producers had challenges on capital to broaden the screen house to extend the production scale and limited plantlet availability. Meanwhile, they did not have any problems with other production aspects, such as controlling pests and diseases and the marketing of the G0 seed. Government supports to provide screen houses to fulfil producers' necessity and delegate the legality of potato plantlets are needed to create a better Indonesia's potato seed system.

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Ali, Shahid, B. B. Kumar, C. M. Kalleshwara Swamy, M. S. Kadian, and B. V. Ramakrishna. "Studies on feasibility of sustainable quality seed potato production technology and development of supply chain for the benefit of small and marginal potato growers of Karnataka." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.2018.v13i01.008.

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Management of aphid vectors in potato is important for the production of quality seed potato. Aphids are the major vectors of many potato viruses which transmit viral diseases limiting the seed potato production. To explore the area with aphid free/low population a weekly aphid observation was made in major potato growing areas of Chikkaballapur and Chickmagalur districts during rabiand kharif seasons to assess the build-up trends on the standing crop using aphid-leaf count and catches of yellow water pan and yellow sticky traps. Aphid population was below threshold level in the areas surveyed, however in Chickmagalur aphid build-up was erratic due to heavy rain fall followed by dry spells. Harvested potato in Chikkaballapur was treated and stored in cold storage for three months. During June, 50 per cent of the seed stock was transported to Chickmagalur area for planting in kharif season and remaining seed was used for planting in Chikkaballapur area during rabi season. In Chickmagalur, the harvested and treated seed was stored in low cost country potato store for three months and 50 per cent seed from warehouse was transported to Chikkaballapur for rabi planting and remaining seed was planted in Chickmagalur area during November thereby saving nearly 40 per cent of seed cost. Thus, the feasibility supply chain has been established making the local potato growers self-sustainable in quality seed potato production resulting in 30-40 percent seed requirement met locally produced quality seed and non-traditional areas will be brought under potato cultivation. The breeder seed was multiplied under low cost insect proof net houses during rabi season in Chikkaballapur area, harvested seed was stored in cold storage thereafter distributed among the local potato growers for planting during kharif season in Chickmagalur area.

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Aheisibwe, Ambrose Rwaheru, Razack B. Lokina, and Aloyce S. Hepelwa. "Technical Efficiency in Seed Potato Production Systems in Uganda." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 3(J) (July 19, 2018): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i3.2322.

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This study established the level of technical efficiency and its determinants among the informal and formal seed potato producers in the southwestern highlands agro - ecological zone of Uganda. A multi- stage sampling procedure was employed to select 636 households (499 informal seed producers and 137 formal seed producers) from which data was collected for two seasons using a semi - structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the stochastic frontier approach with a one - step approach. Maximum likelihood estimates for the efficiency parameters showed that both informal and formal seed potato producers were not fully efficient. The mean technical efficiency for informal and formal seed potato producers was 8 1 .4 and 80.4 percent respectively. In terms of yield loss, informal and formal seed potato producers respectively lost an average of 981 and 1,208 kg/acre of seed potato tubers due to inefficiency factors . Specifically, off- farm income source, scale of production, seasonal variation, access to extension services and seed producer being male positively influenced informal seed producersâ€™ technical efficiency while producersâ€™ level of education and seed potato variety diversity negatively influenced their efficiency. For formal seed producers, technical efficiency was influenced positively by producersâ€™ education and negatively by household size. The study suggests that there is an opportunity to improve technical efficiency of informal and formal seed producers by 19 and 20 percent respectively. Therefore, this calls for increased investment in developing and promoting high yielding varieties, provision of extension services, input intensification and addressing gender issues in seed potato production in the context of limited arable land .

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