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Academic literature on the topic 'Potato crops'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Potato crops"

1

Nestorović, Marko, and Branko Konstantinović. "Assessment of herbicide efficiency in potato crops." Herbologia an International Journal on Weed Research and Control 14, no. 1 (June 2014): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/herb.14.1.05.

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Jefferies, R. A., and D. K. L. MacKerron. "Stemflow in potato crops." Journal of Agricultural Science 105, no. 1 (August 1985): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600055891.

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Interception of rain by the plant canopy and stemflow resulting in non-uniform distribution of soil water beneath the canopy has long been recognized in forest trees (Eschner, 1967). Rutter (1975) stated that stemflow may vary from quite small quantities to as much as 20% of the net rainfall and Geiger (1965) had earlier quoted data both from Ovington (1954), who found stemflow to be 0·1–0·3% of rainfall in seven forest canopies, and from Eidmann (1959) showing that a fir and a beech canopy gave 0·7 and 16·6% respectively of the average rainfall as stemflow. However, there have been few studies of the distribution of rain beneath the canopies of agricultural crops despite the implications which non-uniform distribution might have for studies of crop water and nutrients.

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Amantaev, Nurbolat. "Cryopreservation methods for in vitro potato crops: an overview." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 105, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg1/32-41.

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Potato is considered as one of the most important agricultural crops in the world. The genetic resources of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum) and similar cultivated varieties are preserved by storing tubers or plants in vitro and cryopreservation. Arrays of worldwide scientific research centers utilize the cryopreservation method to preserve plant genetic resources. It is used especially for those plants that are reproduced by vegetative method; it is impossible to preserve genetic identity of their material when propagating by seeds. Currently, international standards of gene banks have been developed (FAO, Gene bank Standards for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 2014) for the long shelf life of samples of vegetative propagated plants and vegetable crops at ultra-low temperatures. These standards have been discussed by scientists from many countries in the world. It is connected with the fact that no cryopreservation methods are standardized for a particular plant object. Present overview provided information on various methods of cryopreservation of potatoes for long-term storage of the gene pool of vegetative reproduction. The most updated methods included quick–freeze: encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification, slow programmable freezing, encapsulation-vitrification, and droplet-vitrification. All these biotechnological methods made it possible to obtain healthy potato material, which was free from viral and fungal infections. They also facilitate to obtain test tube plants in large quantities, as well as to create large cryocollections of valuable forms of cultivated plant crops.

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Melnichuk, F. S., S. A. Alekseeva, and O. V. Hordiienko. "PROTECTION OF POTATO CROPS AGAIST PESTS." Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник "Меліорація і водне господарство", no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/mivg201901-166.

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The Colorado potato beetles and aphids are especially harmful pests for potato crops in the conditions of Kyiv region. So, on the 10th day after mass rebirth of the Colorado potato beetle larvae, potato plants on untreated by insecticide plots were completely destroyed by this phytophagus. Preplanting insecticide treatment of potato tubers provided high effectiveness against the Colorado potato beetle prior to the mass rebirth and development of larvae and reduced their density of population and harmfulness. The highest efficacy (93.2-95.2%) against these pests was noted in variants with Prestige, 290 FS, Emesto Quantum 273.5 FS and Celest Top 312.5 FS. Common scab, dry rot and Rhizoctonia solani were prevailed among the diseases of potato tubers. The greatest effectiveness against the common scab was provided by Prestige, 290 FS. Thus, the infestation of potato tubers by common scab in the variant with application of the Prestige, 290 FS was almost twice lower compared to control. Preparation Celest Top 312.5 FS provided a reduction of dry rot in almost 3 times, and Emesto Quantum 273.5 FS leads to reduction of infestation by Rhizoctonia solani in 4 times, respectively. The treatment of tubers is a reliable protection of potato plants against damage by the Colorado potato beetles and lesion diseases, that made it possible to obtain tuber yields at a level of 24.4-27.4 t per ha. However, preplanting treatment of planting material with insecticides is not always able to provide the protection of potato seedlings against damage by Colorado beetles. The mass reproduction of these pests occurs after planting of tubers and emerging of stalks at high air temperatures. Therefore, it is necessary to provide additionally spraying of plants. Typically, the insecticides used in recommended rates have a long period of protective action, which eliminates the need for further treatments on vegetative plants. The anti-resistant effect of this treatment is associated with the use of the neonicotinoids class insecticides (eg, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin), that have different mechanism of action compared to pyrethroids. Under such conditions, it is important to search, investigate and introduce modern, effective insecticides into agricultural production. For this purpose the research on the preparations from separate classes of chemical compounds with various toxic properties was conducted. The most effective against the larvae of Colorado potato beetles were insecticides Confidor, 20% SC, Calypso, 48% SC and Engeo 24.7% SC when spraying potato plantings. Duration of their protection was prolonged for two weeks after the application of insecticides. The maximum technical efficiency was reached as 99.5% (Confidor, 20% SC), 99.2% (Calypso, 48% SC) and 99.3% (Engeo 24.7% SC) on the third day after application. Other insecticides such as Mospilan, 20% SP and Actara, 24% WG (96.2-97.0%) provided somewhat lower the mortality rate of these phytophages. The highest and prolonged effect against aphids was obtained by spraying potato plantings with the preparations Engeo 24.7% SC and Confidor, 20% SC, the efficiency of which reached 98.2% and 93.1%, that decreased the number of aphids in almost 60 times, compared with the control. Spraying potato plantings with insecticides according to the recommended rates of application allows obtaining the yield of tubers at the level of 25,6-28,2 t per ha.

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Stufkens, M. A. W., and D. A. J. Teulon. "Aphids species on potato crops in Canterbury." New Zealand Plant Protection 54 (August 1, 2001): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2001.54.3746.

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A survey of aphids infesting table processing and seed potato crops was undertaken in Canterbury during the 19992000 season (November March) The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)) was the most common aphid found on potato plants (>85 of all aphids) followed by the foxglove aphid (Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach)) and the potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas)) These three aphids are vectors of the potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) and other potato viruses A further eight species were found in low numbers including five species that are vectors of potato viruses (not PLRV) The melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) was found in sizable numbers on sprayed potatoes in the Hawkes Bay This species which is known to have developed resistance to some insecticides on other crops in New Zealand was found in only low numbers in three crops in Canterbury

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Kerlan, C., M. Tribodet, L. Glais, and M. Guillet. "Variability of Potato Virus Y in Potato Crops in France." Journal of Phytopathology 147, no. 11-12 (December 1999): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.1999.00441.x.

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Kimpinski, J., L. M. Edwards, C. E. Gallant, H. W. Johnson, J. A. MacLeod, and J. B. Sanderson. "Influence of previous crops and nematicide treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields." Phytoprotection 73, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706015ar.

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A field study assessing the influence of the previous crop, the crop sequence, and aldicarb treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields was carried out in Prince-Edward-Island, Canada. The most recent crop had the greatest impact on nematode numbers. The crop sequences had an influence in some cases on root lesion nematode populations (primarily Pratylenchus penetrans) and on crop yields. In commercial barley (Hordeum vulgare) fields, root lesion nematodes in roots were greatest when barley followed a red clover (Trifolium pratense) timothy (Phleum pratense) ley, and stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp., primarily T. dubius, and Merlinius spp.) were more common when barley followed barley. The combined dry weight of foliage and grain was larger when barley was planted after potato (Solanumtuberosum) and smaller when barley followed barley or a red clover-timothy mixture. Under experimental field conditions, root lesion nematode populations were largest in barley roots when barley followed potato and grain yields were smallest when barley followed barley. Changes in nematode populations in potato were not associated with crop sequences. Potato tuber yields were higher in the sequences that began with wheat (Triticum aestivum) or barley than in the sequences that began with potato or soybean (Glycine max). Aldicarb reduced the numbers of root lesion nematodes in roots with concomitant yield increases in potato and soybean.

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Johnson, Dennis A., and Thomas F. Cummings. "Effect of Extended Crop Rotations on Incidence of Black Dot, Silver Scurf, and Verticillium Wilt of Potato." Plant Disease 99, no. 2 (February 2015): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-14-0271-re.

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Potato tubers were collected and evaluated for symptoms and signs of black dot, silver scurf, and Verticillium wilt to determine the effect of extended crop rotations on disease incidences in the Columbia Basin. Incidence of tubers with black dot collected from storage significantly decreased as the number of years between potato crops increased from 3 to 5 years and beyond and significantly increased as the number of previous potato crops increased to 16. The highest incidence of black dot (range of 73 to 98%) was from fields rotated out of potatoes for 1 to 3 years. The mean incidence of black dot was 56% for fields out of potatoes for 0 to 4 years and 12% for fields out of potatoes 5 and more years. A low incidence (0 to 9%) of black dot was detected at 15 years out of potatoes. Years out of potato and number of prior potato crops accounted for 71% of the variability associated with the incidence of black dot. Severity of black dot on tuber periderm peels significantly increased as incidence of tuber periderm peels with Colletotrichum coccodes increased. Coefficient of determination was 0.87 for log severity on regressed on black dot incidence. Incidence of silver scurf was highest from fields out of potatoes for 1 year. Incidence of silver scurf infected tubers significantly increased as the number of previous potato crops increased due to short rotations between potato crops. Incidence of tubers with Verticillium dahliae was not related to years between potato crops or number of previous potato crops. The present study confirmed that black dot can be reduced with rotations out of potatoes greater than 5 years.

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Antolínez, Moreno, Ontiveros, Pla, Plaza, Sanjuan, Palomo, et al. "Seasonal Abundance of Psyllid Species on Carrots and Potato Crops in Spain." Insects 10, no. 9 (September 6, 2019): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10090287.

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Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) can transmit the phloem restricted bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso). In Europe, Lso causes severe losses to carrot and represents a threat to the potato industry. A rising concern is Lso transmission from carrot to potato and within potato, and this has driven the need for monitoring populations of psyllid species which could serve as vectors on both crops. This would provide a fundamental understanding of the epidemiology of Lso. Different sampling methods were used to survey populations of psyllid species in commercial carrot and potato fields in central and eastern mainland Spain from 2015 to 2017. Two psyllid species, Bactericera trigonica and Bactericera nigricornis were found on carrot and potato crops. In carrot fields the most abundant species was B. trigonica (occurring from crop emergence to harvest); whereas in potato crops the most abundant psyllid species was B. nigricornis. Depending on field location, the maximum psyllid populations occurred between June and October. Since B. nigricornis was found on both carrot and potato and is the only psyllid species able to feed and reproduce on both these crops in Europe, there is the potential risk of Lso transmission from carrot to potato.

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Searle, B. P., P. Jarvis, and R. J. Lucas. "MANAGING POTATO CROPS FOR CULINARY QUALITY." Acta Horticulturae, no. 670 (April 2005): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2005.670.12.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Potato crops"

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Wareing, D. R. "The prediction of slug damage in potato crops." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383367.

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Storey, M. A. "The varietal susceptibility of potato crops to slug damage." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354316.

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Naab, Jesse Bonaventure. "Interaction of canopy and root system in water use of potato." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308564.

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Ping, Zhang. "The partitioning of water loss between crop transpiration and soil evaporation in potato crops." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303926.

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Mehring, Grant Harry. "Weed Control with Cover Crops in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.)." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26807.

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Field experiments were conducted near Oakes and Fargo, North Dakota from 2009-2010, and repeated near Carrington, North Dakota from 2010-2011, to evaluate weed control in both irrigated and non-irrigated potato production as influenced by cover crops and cover crop termination methods. Cover crop treatments at Oakes and Fargo were no cover crop, triticale, rye, turnip/radish, and rye/canola. Cover crop treatments at Carrington were no cover crop, triticale, rye, hairy vetch, and rye/hairy vetch. Termination treatments for the cover crops were roller-crimp, disk-till, roto-till, and herbicide. Cover crop residue was mostly sufficient for weed control at all locations. However, after two cultivations cover crops controlled weeds similar to no cover crop. Cover crop had no effect on potato marketable yield at the two locations. Results support the consideration of cover crops for potato production as a means of additional early-season weed control, especially when non-chemical weed control methods are desired.
North Central Region Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program

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Khrais, Tala. "Evaluation of salt tolerance in potato (Solanum spp.)." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23901.

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This research was carried out to identify salt tolerant potato genotypes in vitro among 131 tetraploid potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum), 9 diploid simple hybrid clones (4 clones of S. chacoense $ times$ S. tuberosum, 4 clones of S. phureja/S. stenotomum $ times$ S. tuberosum, and 1 clone of S. tuberosum $ times$ S. tuberosum), 1 primitive cultivated diploid S. phureja/S. stenotomum accession, 12 tetraploid complex hybrids, and 13 diploid S. chacoense accessions. Four levels of NaCl (0, 40, 80, and 120 mM) were used. The cultivars, and the simple and complex hybrids were tested for salt tolerance at the vegetative stage in the nodal cutting bioassay. The thirteen S. chacoense accessions were tested for salt tolerance at the germination and early seedling growth stage, in a seedling bioassay. Eleven of these S. chacoense accessions were further tested at the vegetative stage, in the nodal cutting bioassay. There was a progressive decline in the morphological parameters measured, with increased salt levels, in the nodal cutting bioassay. The parameters were used collectively in ranking the different genotypes, averaged over three NaCl levels (40, 80, and 120 mM). Twenty potato cultivars, two clones of the simple hybrid S. chacoense $ times$ S. tuberosum, and one complex hybrid were all considered salt tolerant at the vegetative stage. Ranking of seven S. chacoense accessions was similar between early seedling growth and later vegetative stage. Two of these accessions were promising as sources of salt tolerance.

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Harris, P. M. "Tempering the effects of water stress in sugar beet and potato crops." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385139.

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Bunyolo, A. M. "Effects of fertilizer nitrogen and water supply on growth and yield of the potato crops." Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379220.

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Lynch, Ryan P. "Controlling Soilborne Diseases of Potato and Influencing Soil Microbiology with Brassica Cover Crops." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LynchRP2008.pdf.

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Plotkin, Jeremy Barker. "The Effects of Green Manure Rotation Crops on Soils and Potato Yield and Quality." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2000. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PlotkinJB2000.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Potato crops"

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Tropical root and tuber crops: Cassava, sweet potato, yams, aroids. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK: CABI, 2009.

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World, Potato Congress 4th Amsterdam 2000. World Potato Congress: Proceedings of the Fourth World Potato Congress, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 4-6 September 2000. Wageningen: Wageningen Pers, 2000.

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Hill, David E. Specialty crops: Okra, leek, sweet potato and jilo. New Haven, Conn: Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, 2001.

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Hill, David E. Specialty crops: Okra, leek, sweet potato and jilo. New Haven, Conn: Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, 2001.

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Claydon, Kim. The economics of potato production in the United Kingdom: (1991 and 1992 potato crops). [Nottingham]: Rural Business Research Unit, The University of Nottingham, 1995.

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International, Conference on Effects of Crop Rotation on Potato Production in the Temperate Zones (1988 Wageningen Netherlands). Effects of crop rotation on potato production in the temperate zones: Proceedings of the International Conference on Effects of Crop Rotation on Potato Production in the Temperate Zones, held August 14-19, 1988, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Ingham, Russ. Columbia root-knot nematode control in potato using crop rotations and cover crops. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1999.

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Ingham, Russ. Columbia root-knot nematode control in potato using crop rotations and cover crops. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1999.

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J, Haverkort A., and MacKerron D. K. L, eds. Management of nitrogen and water in potato production. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Wageningen Pers, 2000.

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International, Potato Modeling Conference (2nd 1994 Wageningen Netherlands). Potato ecology and modelling of crops under conditions limiting growth. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Potato crops"

1

Rosen, Carl J., Sanjay K. Gupta, and Emerson F. C. Souza. "Potato." In The physiology of vegetable crops, 209–43. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786393777.0209.

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Milbourne, Dan, Barnaly Pande, and Glenn J. Bryan. "Potato." In Pulses, Sugar and Tuber Crops, 205–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-34516-9_12.

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Parthasarathy, S., P. Lakshmidevi, P. Yashodha, and C. Gopalakrishnan. "Potato." In Pests and Diseases in Vegetable Crops, 222–38. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003504153-19.

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Lebot, Vincent. "Sweet Potato." In Root and Tuber Crops, 97–125. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92765-7_3.

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Jansky, Shelley H., David M. Spooner, and Paul C. Bethke. "Potato." In Yield Gains in Major U.S. Field Crops, 195–217. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c8.

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Ahmad, Tanveer, Rana Muhammad Sabir Tariq, Qumer Iqbal, Sajjad Hussain, Aamir Nawaz, and Shakeel Ahmad. "Advanced Production Technologies of Potato." In Agronomic Crops, 363–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9151-5_19.

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Vorobiev, Eugene, and Nikolai Lebovka. "Potato and Carrot Crops." In Processing of Foods and Biomass Feedstocks by Pulsed Electric Energy, 277–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40917-3_10.

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Rockhold, D. R., M. M. Maccree, and W. R. Belknap. "Transgenic Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)." In Transgenic Crops II, 305–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56901-2_20.

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Mittu, Bharti, Mahaldeep Kaur, Abida Bhat, Jasmeet Kour, and Kawaljeet Kour. "Genetically engineered potato." In Genetically Modified Crops and Food Security, 117–35. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003278566-8.

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Otani, M., and T. Shimada. "Transgenic Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.)." In Transgenic Crops II, 183–204. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56901-2_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Potato crops"

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Javier, Henry, William Cochachi, Grimaldo Quispe, Heyul Chavez, Luis Rivera, and Francisco Dominguez. "Biomaterials and Technologies for Sustainability." In Human Systems Engineering and Design (IHSED 2021) Future Trends and Applications. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001193.

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The research designs and developed a biofertilizer from Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium evaluating its antagonistic capacity and biotization in the cultivation of vegeta-bles with a DCA, the sample considers potatoes, peas and barley in the District of Huasahuasi, with 9 treatments in three formulas, considering a control group without inoculation and two repetitions. As a result, the optimal formula is ob-tained with 300g of mycorrhiza and Rhizobium strains + 500g of black soil + 200g of potato peel bran, which has an effective antagonistic capacity of 100% in pea crops, 90% in the barley and 85% in the potato, besides that it achieves a bio-tization in the pea crop of 95%, in the barley 100% and in the potato 90%.

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Rabante-Hane, Lasma, Ilze Skrabule, and Ina Alsina. "Parameters used for the evaluation of potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Nitrogen use efficiency: a review." In Research for Rural Development 2022 : annual 28th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.28.2022.004.

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Potato is one of the important crops worldwide, and cultivation requires a lot of resources and nitrogen (N) to ensure yield. This kind of growing technology can cause environmental pollution. It is necessary to optimize the management and use of potatoes with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) varieties as an alternative to the application of large amounts of fertilizers to improve the environmental impact of potato production without affecting yield and quality. The aim of this review is to find various morphological and physiological characteristics of the potato crop that can be used in potato breeding for NUE evaluation and to create new varieties with high NUE. Looking for traits such as yield, protein and starch content, each variety has its limits that can be affected by climatic conditions. Area Under Canopy Cover Progress Curve (AUCCPC) is potentially good for detecting NUE in field conditions. Nitrogen efficient genotypes tend to have early canopy development but a low amount of N in tubers. Due to different factors that can interact with genotypes under field conditions, the experiments in controlled conditions as in vitro system can be used for the investigation of genotypes in a short period. Under in vitro conditions, root development can be observed very well, which can usually be impossible in soil experiments.

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ŠNIAUKA, Povilas, and Remigijus ZINKEVIČIUS. "INVESTIGATIONS OF APPLYING BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT BIOKAL1 ON POTATO CROPS WITH SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT LECHLER DROPLEGUL FOR SPRAYING UNDER THE LEAVES OF CULTURAL PLANTS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.019.

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The application of insecticides and fungicides on the underside of leaves is performed with a help various technological solutions, seemingly as the application of soil herbicides and liquid mineral fertilizers that are sprayed under the leaves of cultural plants. This task is performed using straight spraying pipes with slit (symmetrical and asymmetrical flow) nozzles, stream conical flow nozzles, or specific curved (e. g. Lechler DroplegUL) nozzles that enable diagonal spraying upwards. The objective of the research was to identify the potato coverage differences spraying the biological product biokal1 with specific equipment Lechler DroplegUL for spraying the biological product under the leaves and various nozzles. In earlier stages of potato growth, the specific equipment Lechler DroplegUL and deflection nozzles Lechler FT 1.0 for spraying the product under the leaves of cultural plants better covers potato stems and the underside of upper leaves. In the control group, where the ultimate slit flat flow nozzles Hardi ISO F/LD-05-110 were used, droplets of the biological product covered 4.8±1.7 % of potato stem area only, the DroplegUL and three nozzles (LU-120-02 from the top and two deflection nozzles Lechler FT 1.0 from the bottom) covered even 55.8±39.1 %. Accordingly, plants of the control group had only 0.1±0.1 % of the underside area of the upper leaves covered with the product, while using DroplegUL and three nozzles such area reached 1.5±1.1 %. In later stages of potato growth, specific equipment Lechler DroplegUL with deflection nozzles Lechler FT 1.0 for spaying under the leaves of cultural plants better covered the underside of upper leaves of potatoes only. The usage of double flow nozzles Lechler DF-120-02 on DroplegUL and ultimate slit flat flow nozzles LU-120-02 on a spraying boom gave rather small differences in coverage of the surface compared the control group, where the ultimate slit flat flow nozzles Hardi ISO F/LD-05-110 were used.

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Anzola, John Petearson, Vicente García-Díaz, and Andrés Camilo Jiménez. "WSN analysis in grid topology for potato crops for IoT." In the 4th Multidisciplinary International Social Networks Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3092090.3092104.

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Khan, Faiza, Noureen Zafar, Muhammad Naveed Tahir, Muhammad Aqib, Shoaib Saleem, and Zainab Haroon. "Deep Learning-Based Approach for Weed Detection in Potato Crops." In PAPC 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022023006.

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Suprunova, T. P., N. V. Markin, A. N. Ignatov, A. G. Solovyov, N. O. Kalinina, and M. E. Talyansky. "Use of dsRNA-based antiviral compounds to protect potato plants." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-132.

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One of the most important food crops in the world, the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is infected with many viruses, of which the y virus (Potato virus Y, PVY) is the most important economically, causing significant crop losses. Several alternative methods of dsRNA delivery have been tested, with the most promising being spray - induced gene silencing (SIGS). The results showed a high effect of preventive use of dsRNA. Treatment with the initial working concentration of dsRNA protected 100% and 65% of plants from virus propagation for 14 and 21 days, respectively, and 65% of plants were protected by the minimum tested concentration (10 ng/MCL) for 14 days. Therapeutic use of dsRNA 3 days after inoculation did not significantly affect the dynamics of virus accumulation in the plant. Thus, in the course of the experiment, a high biological antiviral effectiveness of dsRNA was demonstrated in the preventive treatment of potato plants against the background of artificial infection of plants with the PVY virus.

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Povarnitsyna, A. V., and A. V. Shitikova. "FORMATION OF SWEET POTATO YIELD IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CRNZ OF THE RUSSIA." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-167.

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The article presents the results of field research on the cultivation of sweet potato crops of various varieties in 2021 at the Field Experimental Station of the Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy.

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Bajpai, Abhishek, Mohini Tyagi, Bdk Patro, and Shashank Yadav. "Detecting Foliar Diseases in Potato Crops Through a Network of Convolutional Neurons." In 2023 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaccs57279.2023.10113089.

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Korobov, V. A., D. O. Morozov, and V. V. Bukreev. "STRESS REACTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS ON CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PESTICIDES." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.164-167.

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A comparative assessment of the stress reactions of potato, soybean, corn, barley, table beet, sunflower, cucumber, tomato, zucchini, pumpkin on the use of chemical and biological pesticides in field experiments was carried out. It was found that soy, barley and table beet showed a strong stress response to chemical pesticides.Biological pesticides separately and in combination with chemical plant protection products caused mild and moderate stress in the studied cultures.A close correlation was revealed between plant stress from chemical pesticides and changes in crop productivity.

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Ostonakulov, T. E., N. N. Usmonov, and M. K. Roziyeva. "INFLUENCE OF SEDERATE CROPS ON ELEMENTS OF SOIL FERTILITY AND YIELD OF POTATO VARIETIES." In Международная научно-практическая конференция почвоведов, агрохимиков и земледелов, посвященная 90-летию почвоведения на Урале "Почвы Урала и Поволжья: экология и плодородие". Уфа: Башкирский государственный аграрный университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/3-6-6-2021-114-118.

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Reports on the topic "Potato crops"

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Rosero, Amparo, Iván Pastrana, Carlos Sierra, José Luis Pérez, Laura Espitia, Remberto Martínez, and Hernando Araujo. Influence of genotype and environment on quality attributes of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas Lam.). Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2018.7.

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Sweetpotato is the fifteenth most important food crop, and third between roots and tubers crops worldwide. Sweet potato crop has the capacity to adapt to different environmental conditions, and expression of quality traits is highly influenced by variety and growth conditions. We evaluate the effect of these factors on quality attributes such as dry matter content (DMC), ash content (AC), crude fiber (CF), total protein content (TPC) and brix grades (°Brix) in order to determine adequate conditions to ensure better quality in sweet potato roots.

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Ramírez, David A., Cecilia Silva-Díaz, Johan Ninanya, Mariella Carbajal, Javier Rinza, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Marcel Gatto, and Jan Kreuze. Potato zero-tillage and mulching is promising in achieving agronomic gain in Asia. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0072.

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Review question / Objective: The objective of this review is to analyze the effect of zero-tillage and organic mulching (with emphasis on rice-straw) on several Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) related to productivity, resources-use efficiency, and soil health, as well as, C footprint, and weed control for growing potatoes in rice-based systems in Asia. Can zero-tillage and organic mulching increase agronomic gain in potatoes crop in Asia? Rationale: Potato cultivation under zero-tillage and mulching (PZTM) between rice or rice-other crops projects a sustainable intensification of rice-based systems reducing mechanical soil disturbance with a concomitant increase of soil organic matter. However, collection, analysis, and synthesis of experiences in Asia, where this technology was mainly reported, is missing in the scientific literature. This effort, presented in this review, is crucial as a starting point for establishing if PTZM experiences have improved indicators related to productivity, resource use efficiency and soil health, and C footprint and weed management to achieve Agronomic Gain.

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Rowe, Randall C., Jaacov Katan, Talma Katan, and Leah Tsror. Sub-Specific Populations of Verticillium dahliae and their Roles in Vascular Wilt Pathogsystems. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7574343.bard.

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Verticillium dahliae is an economically important pathogen causing vascular wilt on over 160 plant species. In North America, potato early dying is a significant disease of potato, especially in the midwest and Pacific northwest states. This disease is caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae and in some cases involves a synergistic interaction with root-lesion nematodes, primarily Pratylenchus penetrans. In Israel, Verticillium wilt occurs in many regions and inflicts serious losses in potato, cotton, and other crops. Objectives of this project were to establish a large collection of isolates of Verticillium dahliae from potato (USA) and several host plants (Israel) and to characterize and compare the isolates with regard to morphology, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), and pathogenic capabilities on several hosts. Isolations were made from 224 commercial lots of certified potato seed tubers from across N. America and 87 potato fields located in the Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington. A large collection of isolates from central U.S. states already existed. In Israel, 47 field sites were sampled and isolates of Verticillium dahliae were recovered from 13 host plant species and from soil. Potato isolates from N. America were tested for vegetative compatibility and all found to be in VCG 4 with about 2/3 in VCG 4A and the rest in VCG 4B. VCG 4A isolates were significantly more aggressive on potato than VCG 4B isolates and were more likely to interact synergistically with P. penetrans. The Israeli isolates fell into three vegetative compatibility groups. Nearly all (> 90%) VCG2B and VCG 4B isolates were recovered from the northern and southern parts of Israel, respectively, with some overlap in central areas. Several pathotypes were defined in cotton, using cotton and eggplant together as differentials. All VCG 2B isolates from cotton caused severe disease in cotton, while VCG 2A and VCG 4B isolates from several crops were much less aggressive to cotton. When Israeli isolates of VCGs 2A, 2B and 4B were inoculated to potato and tomato, VCG 4B isolates caused much more severe disease on potato and VCG 2A isolates caused much more severe disease in tomato. Differential patterns of pathogenicity and aggressiveness of these VCGs on potato and tomato were consistent regardless of the host plant of origin. Isolates of the same VCG resembled one another more than isolates from different VCGs based on colony and microsclerotial morphology, temperature responses and, partially, in pathogenicity. Vegetative compatibility grouping of V. dahliae in Israel appears closely associated with specific pathogenicity and other phenotypic traits. The absence of VCG 4A in Israel is significant. VCG patterns among Verficillium populations are useful to predict relatedness and pathogenic potential in both countries.

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Sink, Ken, Shamay Izhar, and Abraham Nachmias. Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization: Developing a Gene Transfer System for Solanaceous Vegetable Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613010.bard.

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Highly asymmetric somatic hybrid plants were obtained by PEG/DMSO fusion of gamma irradiated (100, 250, 7500 and 1000 Gy) protoplasts of a (KmR-) interspecific hybrid Lycopersicon esculentum x L. pennellii (EP) with protoplasts of eggplant (E). Somatic hybrid calli were selected based on kanamycin resistance and verified by PCR of the NptII gene, RAPD's and Southern's using potato rDNA pTHG2 probes. Flow cytometry indicated all hybrid calli that did not regenerate shoots were 5-9n. Three asymmetric plants regenerated only from callus close to 4n and such calli oly occurred when EP received 100 Gy. The asymmetric plants had eggplant morphology and regenerated from one hybrid callus with 6.29 average size tomato chromosomes. Limited amounts of EP DNA were found in the three somatic hybrid plants H18-1 to -3 by dot-blot hybridization with probe pTHG2, to be equivalent to 6.23, 5.41, and 5.95 % EP, respectively. RFLP analysis of Lycopersicon esculentum and L. pennellii specific chromosomes revealed that only fragments of 8 to 10 out of the 24 EP chromosomes are present in the asymmetric plants. Transgenic plants 2-3, 2-4 and 10-3 were found resistant to verticillium; suggesting successful transfer of the Ve complex from S. torvum to eggplant.

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Handa, Avtar K., Yuval Eshdat, Avichai Perl, Bruce A. Watkins, Doron Holland, and David Levy. Enhancing Quality Attributes of Potato and Tomato by Modifying and Controlling their Oxidative Stress Outcome. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586532.bard.

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General The final goal and overall objective of the current research has been to modify lipid hydroperoxidation in order to create desirable phenotypes in two important crops, potato and tomato, which normally are exposed to abiotic stress associated with such oxidation. The specific original objectives were: (i) the roles of lipoxygenase (LOX) and phospholipids hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) in regulating endogenous levels of lipid peroxidation in plant tissues; (ii) the effect of modified lipid peroxidation on fruit ripening, tuber quality, crop productivity and abiotic stress tolerance; (iii) the effect of simultaneous reduction of LOX and increase of PHGPx activities on fruit ripening and tuber quality; and (iv) the role of lipid peroxidation on expression of specific genes. We proposed to accomplish the research goal by genetic engineering of the metabolic activities of LOX and PHGPx using regulatable and tissue specific promoters, and study of the relationships between these two consecutive enzymes in the metabolism and catabolism of phospholipids hydroperoxides. USA Significant progress was made in accomplishing all objectives of proposed research. Due to inability to regenerate tomato plants after transforming with 35S-PHGPx chimeric gene construct, the role of low catalase induced oxidative stress instead of PHGPx was evaluated on agronomical performance of tomato plant and fruit quality attributes. Effects of polyamine, that protects DNA from oxidative stress, were also evaluated. The transgenic plants under expressing lipoxygenase (LOX-sup) were crossed with catalase antisense (CAT-anti) plants or polyamine over producing plants (SAM-over) and the lines homozygous for the two transgenes were selected. Agronomical performance of these line showed that low catalase induced oxidative stress negatively affected growth and development of tomato plants and resulted in a massive change in fruit gene expression. These effects of low catalase activity induced oxidative stress, including the massive shift in gene expression, were greatly overcome by the low lipoxygenase activity. Collectively results show that oxidative stress plays significant role in plant growth including the fruit growth. These results also for the first time indicated that a crosstalk between oxidative stress and lipoxygenase regulated processes determine the outcome during plant growth and development. Israel Regarding PHGPx, most of the study has concentrated on the first and the last specific objectives, since it became evident that plant transformation with this gene is not obvious. Following inability to achieve efficient transformation of potato and tomato using a variety of promoters, model plant systems (tobacco and potato cell cultures, tobacco calli and plantlets, and Arabidopsis) were used to establish the factors and to study the obstacles which prohibited the regeneration of plants carrying the genetic machinery for overproduction of PHGPx. Our results clearly demonstrate that while genetic transformation and over-expression of PHGPx occurs in pre-developmental tissue stage (cell culture, calli clusters) or in completed plant (Arabidopsis), it is likely that over-expression of this enzyme before tissue differentiation is leading to a halt of the regeneration process. To support this assumption, experiments, in which genetic engineering of a point-mutated PHGPx gene enable transformation and over-expression in plants of PhSPY modified in its catalytic site and thus inactive enzymatically, were successfully carried out. These combined results strongly suggest, that if in fact, like in animals and as we established in vitro, the plant PHGPx exhibits PH peroxidase activity, these peroxides are vital for the organisms developmental process.

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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Pathogenicity and Sclerotial Development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Involvement of Oxalic Acid and Chitin Synthesis. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571357.bard.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is among the world's most successful and omnivorous fungal plant pathogens. Included in the nearly 400 species of plants reported as hosts to this fungus are canola, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, dry bean and potato. The general inability to develop resistant germplasm with these economically important crops to this pathogen has focused attention on the need for a more detailed examination of the pathogenic determinants involved in disease development. A mechanistic understanding of the successful strategy(ies) used by S. sclerotiorum in colonizing host plants and their linkage to fungal development may provide targets and/or novel approaches with which to design resistant crop plants. This proposal involved experiments which were successful in generating genetically-engineered plants harboring resistance to S. sclerotiorum, the establishment and improvement of molecular tools for the study of this pathogen and the analysis of the linkage between pathogenicity, sclerotial morphogenesis and two biosynthetic pathways: oxalic acid production and chitin synthesis. The highly collaborative project has improved our understanding of S. sclerotiorum pathogenicity, established reliable molecular techniques to facilitate experimental manipilation and generated transgenic plants which are resistant to this econimically important fungus.

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Wang, X. F., and M. Schuldiner. Systems biology approaches to dissect virus-host interactions to develop crops with broad-spectrum virus resistance. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134163.bard.

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More than 60% of plant viruses are positive-strand RNA viruses that cause billion-dollar losses annually and pose a major threat to stable agricultural production, including cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) that infects numerous vegetables and ornamental trees. A highly conserved feature among these viruses is that they form viral replication complexes (VRCs) to multiply their genomes by hijacking host proteins and remodeling host intracellular membranes. As a conserved and indispensable process, VRC assembly also represents an excellent target for the development of antiviral strategies that can be used to control a wide-range of viruses. Using CMV and a model virus, brome mosaic virus (BMV), and relying on genomic tools and tailor-made large-scale resources specific for the project, our original objectives were to: 1) Identify host proteins that are required for viral replication complex assembly. 2) Dissect host requirements that determine viral host range. 3) Provide proof-of-concept evidence of a viral control strategy by blocking the viral replication complex-localized phospholipid synthesis. We expect to provide new ways and new concepts to control multiple viruses by targeting a conserved feature among positive-strand RNA viruses based on our results. Our work is going according to the expected timeline and we are progressing well on all aims. For Objective 1, among ~6,000 yeast genes, we have identified 96 hits that were possibly play critical roles in viral replication. These hits are involved in cellular pathways of 1) Phospholipid synthesis; 2) Membrane-shaping; 3) Sterol synthesis and transport; 4) Protein transport; 5) Protein modification, among many others. We are pursuing several genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport because cellular membranes are primarily composed of lipids and lipid compositional changes affect VRC formation and functions. For Objective 2, we have found that CPR5 proteins from monocotyledon plants promoted BMV replication while those from dicotyledon plants inhibited it, providing direct evidence that CPR5 protein determines the host range of BMV. We are currently examining the mechanisms by which dicot CPR5 genes inhibit BMV replication and expressing the dicot CPR5 genes in monocot plants to control BMV infection. For Objective 3, we have demonstrated that substitutions in a host gene involved in lipid synthesis, CHO2, prevented the VRC formation by directing BMV replication protein 1a (BMV 1a), which remodels the nuclear membrane to form VRCs, away from the nuclear membrane, and thus, no VRCs were formed. This has been reported in Journal of Biological Chemistry. Based on the results from Objective 3, we have extended our plan to demonstrate that an amphipathic alpha-helix in BMV 1a is necessary and sufficient to target BMV 1a to the nuclear membrane. We further found that the counterparts of the BMV 1a helix from a group of viruses in the alphavirus-like superfamily, such as CMV, hepatitis E virus, and Rubella virus, are sufficient to target VRCs to the designated membranes, revealing a conserved feature among the superfamily. A joint manuscript describing these exciting results and authored by the two labs will be submitted shortly. We have also successfully set up systems in tomato plants: 1) to efficiently knock down gene expression via virus-induced gene silencing so we could test effects of lacking a host gene(s) on CMV replication; 2) to overexpress any gene transiently from a mild virus (potato virus X) so we could test effects of the overexpressed gene(s) on CMV replication. In summary, we have made promising progress in all three Objectives. We have identified multiple new host proteins that are involved in VRC formation and may serve as good targets to develop antiviral strategies; have confirmed that CPR5 from dicot plants inhibited viral infection and are generating BMV-resistance rice and wheat crops by overexpressing dicot CPR5 genes; have demonstrated to block viral replication by preventing viral replication protein from targeting to the designated organelle membranes for the VRC formation and this concept can be further employed for virus control. We are grateful to BARD funding and are excited to carry on this project in collaboration.

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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Phosphorylative Transduction of Developmental and Pathogenicity-Related Cues in Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586472.bard.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is among the world's most successful and omnivorous fungal plant pathogens. Included in the more than 400 species of plants reported as hosts to this fungus are canola, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, dry bean, and potato. The general inability to develop resistant germplasm with these economically important crops to this pathogen has focused attention on the need for a more detailed examination of the pathogenic determinants involved in disease development. This proposal involved experiments that examined the involvement of protein phosphorylation during morphogenesis (hyphal elongation and sclerotia formation) and pathogenesis (oxalic acid). Data obtained from our laboratories during the course of this project substantiates the fact that kinases and phosphatases are involved and important for these processes. A mechanistic understanding of the successful strategy(ies) used by S . sclerotiorum in infecting and proliferating in host plants and this linkage to fungal development will provide targets and/or novel approaches with which to design resistant crop plants including interference with fungal pathogenic development. The original objectives of this grant included: I. Clone the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit gene from S.sclerotiorum and determine its role in fungal pathogenicity, OA production (OA) and/or morphogenesis (sclerotia formation). II. Clone and characterize the catalytic and regulatory subunits of the protein phosphatase PP2A holoenzyme complex and determine their role in fungal pathogenicity and/or morphogenesis as well as linkage with PKA-regulation of OA production and sclerotia formation. III. Clone and characterize the adenylate cyclase-encoding gene from S . sclerotiorum and detennine its relationship to the PKA/PP2A-regulated pathway. IV. Analyze the expression patterns of the above-mentioned genes and their products during pathogenesis and determine their linkage with infection and fungal growth.

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Valverde, Rodrigo A., Aviv Dombrovsky, and Noa Sela. Interactions between Bell pepper endornavirus and acute viruses in bell pepper and effect to the host. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598166.bard.

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Based on the type of relationship with the host, plant viruses can be grouped as acute or persistent. Acute viruses are well studied and cause disease. In contrast, persistent viruses do not appear to affect the phenotype of the host. The genus Endornavirus contains persistent viruses that infect plants without causing visible symptoms. Infections by endornaviruses have been reported in many economically important crops, such as avocado, barley, common bean, melon, pepper, and rice. However, little is known about the effect they have on their plant hosts. The long term objective of the proposed project is to elucidate the nature of the symbiotic interaction between Bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV) and its host. The specific objectives include: a) to evaluate the phenotype and fruit yield of endornavirus-free and endornavirus-infected bell pepper near-isogenic lines under greenhouse conditions; b) to conduct gene expression studies using endornavirus-free and endornavirus-infected bell pepper near-isogenic lines; and c) to study the interactions between acute viruses, Cucumber mosaic virus Potato virus Y, Pepper yellow leaf curl virus, and Tobacco etch virus and Bell pepper endornavirus. It is likely that BPEV in bell pepper is in a mutualistic relationship with the plant and provide protection to unknown biotic or abiotic agents. Nevertheless, it is also possible that the endornavirus could interact synergistically with acute viruses and indirectly or directly cause harmful effects. In any case, the information that will be obtained with this investigation is relevant to BARD’s mission since it is related to the protection of plants against biotic stresses.

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Kruse, Ray, and Ajay Nair. Fall Cover Crop Influence on Spring Potato Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2116.

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