Journal articles: 'Postoperative Period'

1

Duncan, Alan. "The Postoperative Period." Clinics in Anaesthesiology 3, no. 3 (July 1985): 619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-9881(21)00056-2.

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Dart, Richard A. "The Postoperative Period Summary." Chest 115, no. 5 (May 1999): 48S—49S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.115.suppl_2.48s.

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Feitz, R., and A. Vos. "Malrotation: The postoperative period." Journal of Pediatric Surgery 32, no. 9 (September 1997): 1322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3468(97)90312-2.

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Belevsky, E. V., D. V. Federyakin, S. V. Veselov, and E. O. Grigoryants. "ELECTROANALGESIA IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD." Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center 14, no. 3 (2019): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25881/bpnmsc.2019.77.24.023.

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Khadjibaev, Аbdukhakim, Hojakbar Asomov, and Umidulla Riskiev. "Relaparoscopy in early postoperative period." Medical and Health Science Journal 11, no. 2 (May 18, 2012): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15208/mhsj.2012.24.

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Lichtor, J. L., J. Zacny, D. W. Coalson, D. C. Flemming, A. Uitvlugt, J. L. Apfelbaum, R. Thisted, and B. S. Lane. "THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AND ALCOHOL." Anesthesiology 77, Supplement (September 1992): A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199209001-00024.

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Miller, Barry. "Recovery and the postoperative period." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 7, no. 12 (December 2006): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.mpaic.2006.09.006.

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Kelley, Roger E. "STROKE IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD." Medical Clinics of North America 85, no. 5 (September 2001): 1263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70377-1.

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Richardson, J., and S. Sabanathan. "NSAIDs in the postoperative period." BMJ 307, no. 6903 (August 28, 1993): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.307.6903.567-a.

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Okoro, Tosan, Yousef Ibrahim, Nadia Mansour, Phillip Alderman, and Aled Evans. "The Use of Cryotherapy in the Early Postoperative Period after Total Hip Arthroplasty." Ortopedia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja 21, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5782.

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Background. Recent evidence suggests that cryotherapy may be beneficial in reducing postoperative pain and blood loss in joint arthroplasty. The objective of this study was to review the use of cryotherapy in the early postoperative phase after total hip arthroplasty to assess the benefits in terms of pain relief and reduction in postoperative blood loss. Material and methods. A prospective cohort study of the use of a cryotherapy device (Hilotherm) was performed in patients following total hip arthroplasty. The primary outcome measures were visual analogue score (VAS) for pain (at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively), and amount of postoperative blood loss, measured by change in haemoglobin (g/L). The secondary outcome measures were length of stay (days), duration of patient controlled analgesia (PCA) administered postoperatively (hours) and amount of analgesia used (mg) in the first 48 hours. Results. 28 patients were recruited (n=13 Hilotherm; n= 15 non-Hilotherm). Hilotherm application reduced pain in the first 24 hours, non-significantly, (3.50±2.41 vs 4.90±2.95; p=0.185). This effect was not carried through at 48 hours postoperatively (5.68±1.94 vs 3.72±2.46; p=0.029). Hilotherm application significantly reduced postoperative blood loss (22.38±5.71 g/L vs 29.13±10.22 g/L; p=0.045). Hilotherm reduced length of stay by almost 1 day; however, this was not statistically significant (4.46±2.33 vs 5.20±3.55; p=0.528). There was no difference in the length of time PCA was administered (22.30±0.75 vs 22.02±3.26; p=0.763). Patients in the non-Hilotherm group required more paracetamol on average (p=0.001). Conclusions. 1. Hilotherm application does not appear to significantly reduce pain postoperatively but results in less postoperative blood loss. 2. There may be a role for the continued use of cryotherapy in the early period of rehabilitation following total hip arthroplasty, as it appears to result in more rapid ambulatory rehabilitation in patients, resulting in reduced length of stay.

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De Lott, Lindsey B., Samantha Zerafa, Kerby Shedden, Galit Levi Dunietz, Michelle Earley, Benjamin M. Segal, and Tiffany J. Braley. "Multiple sclerosis relapse risk in the postoperative period: Effects of invasive surgery and anesthesia." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 11 (June 25, 2019): 1437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519860304.

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Background: Postoperative multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses are a concern among patients and providers. Objective: To determine whether MS relapse risk is higher postoperatively. Methods: Data were extracted from medical records of MS patients undergoing surgery at a tertiary center (2000–2016). Conditional logistic regression estimated within-patient unadjusted and age-adjusted odds of postoperative versus preoperative relapse. Results: Among 281 patients and 609 surgeries, 12 postoperative relapses were identified. The odds of postoperative versus preoperative relapse in unadjusted (odds ratio (OR) = 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.18–1.79; p = 0.33) or age-adjusted models (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.20–2.16; p = 0.49) were not increased. Conclusions: Surgery/anesthesia exposure did not increase postoperative relapse risk. These findings require confirmation in larger studies.

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Redden, Ronald J., and Arthur H. Jeske. "MANAGEMENT OF THE POSTOPERATIVE ANESTHETIC PERIOD." Dental Clinics of North America 43, no. 2 (April 1999): 321–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-8532(22)00526-2.

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Sear, J. W. "Kidney dysfunction in the postoperative period." British Journal of Anaesthesia 95, no. 1 (July 2005): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aei018.

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Bell, C., R. Hines, P. Barash, G. Watrous, and T. O'Connor. "PEDIATRIC COMPLICATIONS IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD." Anesthesiology 69, no. 3A (September 1, 1988): A718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198809010-00718.

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Al-Rawi, Samar, and Kathy Nolan. "Respiratory Complications in the Postoperative Period." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 4, no. 10 (October 2003): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/anes.4.10.332.27314.

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Shenkin, Alan. "Cytokine changes in the postoperative period." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 53, no. 1 (March 1994): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns19940019.

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Holtzclaw, Barbara J. "Temperature Problems in the Postoperative Period." Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 2, no. 4 (December 1990): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5885(18)30778-0.

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Jewkes, Doreen A. "The postoperative period—some important complications." Baillière's Clinical Anaesthesiology 1, no. 2 (June 1987): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-3501(87)80016-8.

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Rosenkranz, Leon G. "NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD." Medical Clinics of North America 85, no. 5 (September 2001): 1255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70376-x.

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Austrup, Mona L., and Gideon Korean. "ANALGESIC AGENTS FOR THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD." Surgical Clinics of North America 79, no. 2 (April 1999): 253–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(05)70382-0.

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Power, Ian, and Stephen Barratt. "ANALGESIC AGENTS FOR THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD." Surgical Clinics of North America 79, no. 2 (April 1999): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(05)70383-2.

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Fairshter, Ronald D., and James H. Williams. "Pulmonary Physiology in the Postoperative Period." Critical Care Clinics 3, no. 2 (April 1987): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0704(18)30547-5.

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Zolotareva, L. S., O. N. Paponov, S. M. Stepanenko, A. V. Adler, E. S. Feduleeva, and E. V. Silina. "Prevention of cognitive disorders in the postoperative period in preschoolers." Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 15, no. 4 (2020): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2020-4-92-99.

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Surgeries under general anesthesia may result in reduced cognitive functions in children, which is important for child development Objective. To assess the incidence of cognitive disorders in children aged 3 to 7 years after intraoperative combined balanced anesthesia and to evaluate the efficacy of Cytoflavin in preventing them. Patients and methods. This study included 85 children who had undergone surgery (adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy) under general combined balanced anesthesia (sevoflurane, nitrous oxide, rocuronium bromide, fentanyl, and dexamethasone). The patients were randomized into two groups: control group (n = 40) and experimental group, in which children additionally received one infusion of cytoflavin intraoperatively (n = 44). All patients underwent comprehensive testing with the assessment of various cognitive functions before surgery, 24 hours postoperatively, and one month postoperatively. Results. Cognitive disorders were observed in 6%–10% of children after general anesthesia. The main manifestations of cognitive deficits in the postoperative period, such as impaired concentration, were most significant 24 hours postoperatively, but were eliminated one month later. A total of 7.1% of children demonstrated at least 20% decrease of their attention after surgery under general balanced anesthesia (confirmed by at least 3 tests). Six percent of children had a 20% decrease in their memory 24 hours postoperatively (confirmed by 2 tests). Cytoflavin improved cognitive performance 24 hours postoperatively, while patients in the control group had no significant changes. However, administration of cytoflavin had no significant impact on the incidence of cognitive deficit. Further studies are needed to identify children at risk who require prevention of cognitive disorders associated with anesthesia. Key words: anesthesia in children, anesthetics, pediatric surgery, cognitive outcomes, nicotinamide, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, cytoflavin

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Sakamoto, Yuki, Arisa Tanabe, Makiko Moriyama, Yoshihiko Otsuka, Madoka Funahara, Sakiko Soutome, Masahiro Umeda, and Yuka Kojima. "Number of Bacteria in Saliva in the Perioperative Period and Factors Associated with Increased Numbers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 7552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137552.

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Perioperative oral management is performed to prevent postoperative complications, but its indication and management method are unclear. This study aimed to investigate salivary bacterial counts pre-and postoperatively, and factors related to increased bacterial count postoperatively. We included 121 patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia and perioperative oral management. The bacterial count in saliva was determined preoperatively, and first and seventh days postoperatively using the dielectrophoresis and impedance measurement methods. The relationships between salivary bacterial count and various variables were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The salivary bacterial count increased significantly on the first day postoperatively but decreased on the seventh day. Multivariate analysis showed that age (p = 0.004, standardized coefficient β = 0.283) and xerostomia (p = 0.034, standardized coefficient β = 0.192) were significantly correlated with increased salivary bacterial count preoperatively. Salivary bacterial count on the day after surgery was significantly increased in patients with a large number of bacterial counts on the day before surgery after preoperative oral care (p = 0.007, standardized coefficient β = 0.241) and postoperative fasting (p = 0.001, standardized coefficient β = −0.329). Establishing good oral hygiene before surgery and decreasing salivary bacterial count are necessary in patients with a high risk of postoperative surgical site infection or pneumonia, especially in older adults or postoperative fasting.

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Jones, R., J. Cook, and A. Cannon. "436 POSTOPERATIVE SYSTOLIC HYPOTENSION IN FRACTURED NECK OF FEMUR PATIENTS." Age and Ageing 50, Supplement_2 (June 2021): ii14—ii18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab119.04.

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Abstract Introduction Secondary analysis of outcomes after 11,085 hip fracture operations from the prospective UK Anaesthesia Sprint Audit of Practice (ASAP 2) found an association between reduced intraoperative systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and postoperative mortality at five and 30 days. We sought to determine the incidence of hypotension in the postoperative period, rather than just intraoperatively, in a small sample of patients with fractured neck of femur. Method We performed a retrospective review of the notes, electronic vital signs and electronic general practice records from 40 patients with fractured neck of femur. We identified the latest SAP performed at their general practice (if done within one year before admission). We noted the pre-operative baseline SAP reading from the ward as well as the lowest SAP during several time periods: the pre-operative period; the fracture surgery; the recovery room; and during each 24-h period postoperatively until the fifth postoperative day. Results A SAP recording from general practice within the previous year was only accessible in 21 (53%) of patients, but where it was accessible, it was within 20% of the immediate preoperative SAP in 14 (66%) of patients. The incidence of relative hypotension (< 80% preoperative SAP) was 54% in the operating theatre, 41% in the recovery room, 65% on the ward during the remainder of the first postoperative 24 h, 55% during postoperative day 2, 53% during day 3, 33% during day 4 and 41% during day 5. Conclusions Postoperative hypotension was common in our sample. In our analysis, the highest incidence was on the ward during the first 24 hours postoperatively. However, 41% of patients still had hypotension 5 days postoperatively.

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Türker, Fevzi Sarper, Ayşe Doğan, Gonca Ozan, Kurtuluş Kıbar, and Mine Erışır. "Change in Free Radical and Antioxidant Enzyme Levels in the Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1783728.

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Objective. The purpose of this study is to determine the changes in oxidative damage and antioxidant parameters in open heart surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in preoperative and early postoperative periods.Methods. A total of three consecutive arterial blood samples were obtained from the patients in the study group, in preoperative, early postoperative, and postoperative periods, respectively. Oxidative damage indicator (MDA) and antioxidant indicators (GPx, GSH, CAT, and SOD) were examined.Results. A statistically significant increase was observed in MDA level in postoperative period compared to preoperative and early postoperative periods. GSH levels and CAT activities increased significantly in early postoperative and postoperative periods. Analyses revealed an increase in GPx and SOD enzyme activities only in the postoperative period.Conclusion. Even though the increase in MDA level was suppressed by the increased GSH level and CAT activity like in early postoperative period, efficiency can be brought for the increases in insufficient significant antioxidant parameters in postoperative period by administering antioxidant supplements to the patients and thus the increase in MDA in postoperative period can be significantly suppressed.

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Belk, John W., Laura E. Keeling, Matthew J. Kraeutler, Michaela G. Snow, Omer Mei-Dan, Anthony J. Scillia, and Eric C. McCarty. "Risk of Infection in Knee Arthroscopy Patients Undergoing Corticosteroid Injections in the Perioperative Period." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 232596712110329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211032941.

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Background: Recent evidence suggests that there may be an increased risk of infection for patients undergoing a corticosteroid injection before, during, or after knee arthroscopy. Purpose: To systematically review the literature to evaluate the risk of postoperative infection in patients undergoing intra-articular corticosteroid injections (CSI) before, during, or after knee arthroscopy. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify studies that evaluated the rate of postoperative infection in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy who received an intra-articular CSI during the perioperative period. The search phrase used was “knee AND arthroscopy AND injection AND (infection OR revision).” A subanalysis was also performed to analyze infection rates based on the timing of the corticosteroid injection in relation to arthroscopy. Results: Four studies met the inclusion criteria, representing 11,925 patients undergoing knee arthroscopy with an intra-articular CSI administered during the perioperative period (mean follow-up, 5.3 months) and 247,329 patients without a corticosteroid injection during the perioperative period (mean follow-up, 5.9 months). Patients who received an injection experienced a statistically significantly higher rate of postoperative infection (2.2%) when compared with patients who did not receive an injection (1.1%; P < .001). When analyzed by the timing of the injection, patients receiving an injection preoperatively or intraoperatively experienced a statistically significantly higher rate of postoperative infection (3% and 2.6%, respectively) when compared with patients receiving an injection postoperatively (1.4%; P = .001 for both). Conclusion: Patients undergoing knee arthroscopy who receive an intra-articular CSI during the perioperative period can be expected to experience significantly higher postoperative infection rates when compared with patients not receiving an injection. Furthermore, patients receiving a corticosteroid injection pre- or intraoperatively may experience significantly higher rates of postoperative infection when compared with patients receiving an injection postoperatively.

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Chalkias, Athanasios, Nikolaos Papagiannakis, Georgios Mavrovounis, Konstantina Kolonia, Maria Mermiri, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Eleni Laou, and Eleni Arnaoutoglou. "Sublingual microcirculatory alterations during the immediate and early postoperative period: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 80, no. 3 (March 9, 2022): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ch-211214.

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BACKGROUND: The incidence of postoperative microcirculatory flow alterations and their effect on outcome have not been studied extensively. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to investigate the presence of sublingual microcirculatory flow alterations during the immediate and early postoperative period and their correlation with complications and survival. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar was conducted for relevant articles from January 2000 to March 2021. Eligibility criteria were randomized controlled and non-randomized trials. Case reports, case series, review papers, animal studies and non-English literature were excluded. The primary outcome was the assessment of sublingual microcirculatory alterations during the immediate and early postoperative period in adult patients undergoing surgery. Risk of bias was assessed with the Ottawa-Newcastle scale. Standard meta-analysis methods (random-effects models) were used to assess the difference in microcirculation variables. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included. No statistically significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative total vessel density (p = 0.084; Standardized Mean Difference (SMD): –0.029; 95%CI: –0.31 to 0.26; I2 = 22.55%). Perfused vessel density significantly decreased postoperatively (p = 0.035; SMD: 0.344; 95%CI: 0.02 to 0.66; I2 = 65.66%), while perfused boundary region significantly increased postoperatively (p = 0.031; SMD: –0.415; 95%CI: –0.79 to –0.03; I2 = 37.21%). Microvascular flow index significantly decreased postoperatively (p = 0.028; SMD: 0.587; 95%CI: 0.06 to 1.11; I2 = 86.09%), while no statistically significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative proportion of perfused vessels (p = 0.089; SMD: 0.53; 95%CI: –0.08 to 1.14; I2 = 70.71%). The results of the non-cardiac surgery post-hoc analysis were comparable except that no statistically significant difference in perfused vessel density was found (p = 0.69; SMD: 0.07; 95%CI: –0.26 to 0.39; I2 = 0%). LIMITATIONS: The included studies investigate heterogeneous groups of surgical patients. There were no randomized controlled trials. CONCLUSIONS: Significant sublingual microcirculatory flow alterations are present during the immediate and early postoperative period. Further research is required to estimate the correlation of sublingual microcirculatory flow impairment with complications and survival.

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Yano, Masaya, Yusuke Fukuda, Shin-ichiro Miura, and Keijiro Saku. "Epicarditis with Late Postoperative Period Pectus Excavatum." Internal Medicine 52, no. 5 (2013): 637–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.52.9276.

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Udalov, Yu D., P. S. Kyzlasov, A. G. Martov, M. V. Zabelin, and A. A. Kazhera. "The preoperative and postoperative period when phalloendoprosthesis." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 20, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma12334.

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Аbstract. The recommendations on an integrated approach to the management of patients with penile prosthesis are presented. Penile prosthesis is one of the most effective and radical methods of erectile dysfunction treatment and is a common worldwide surgery, which gives a more predictable effect and allows to meet the expectations of 80-90% of patients and their partners. Currently, surgeons and urologists has quite a diverse choice of different models of phalloendoprosthesis and methodical surgical approaches for their installation. However, there are no clear clinical guidelines worldwide for the management of patients subjected to phalloendoprosthesis in the pre - and postoperative period. There is also no unified approach to the prevention of infectious complications of phalloendoprosthesis, including their preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, based on clinical studies. The authors describe and structure the information about preparation stages and management of patients in pre - and post-operative period to prevent the most common complications. All the developed algorithms are based on extremely small selection and purely descriptive statistics, therefore further studies are needed on the scientific basis of management of patients with penile prosthesis, which should be based on in-depth statistical analysis. We consider it necessary to develop legal acts of management for this category of patients, the creation of Russian clinical guidelines for the prevention of infections in surgical intervention in penile prosthesis.

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Дмитрiєв, Д. В. "Hyperalgesia syndrome in the early postoperative period." Pain, anesthesia and intensive care, no. 3(72) (September 9, 2015): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25284/2519-2078.3(72).2015.84581.

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SHARLOW, JOSEPH W., JOHN B. CONE, and ROBERT F. SCHAEFER. "Acute Gastric Necrosis in the Postoperative Period." Southern Medical Journal 82, no. 4 (April 1989): 529–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198904000-00031.

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Deniz, Suleyman, Omer Bakal, Gokhan Inangil, Huseyin Sen, and Sezai Ozkan. "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Occurring in the Postoperative Period." Turkish Journal of Anesthesia and Reanimation 43, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/tjar.2014.90582.

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Palanca, B. J. A., T. S. Wildes, Y. S. Ju, S. Ching, and M. S. Avidan. "Electroencephalography and delirium in the postoperative period." British Journal of Anaesthesia 119, no. 2 (August 2017): 294–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aew475.

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Buchman, Alan L. "Enteral Feeding in the Early Postoperative Period." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 15, no. 3 (May 1991): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607191015003355.

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Keller, Ulrich, Didier Clerc, Marius Kränzlin, and M. Heberer. "Protein-sparing therapy in the postoperative period." World Journal of Surgery 10, no. 1 (February 1986): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01656085.

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Allen, Michelle E., Brian J. Kopp, and Brian L. Erstad. "Stress ulcer prophylaxis in the postoperative period." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 61, no. 6 (March 15, 2004): 588–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/61.6.588.

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Sitkin, S., and A. Ovechkin. "Impact of analgesia on early postoperative period." Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 32, Suppl. 1 (September 2007): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00115550-200709001-00266.

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McDonald, Matthew R., Catherine M. Bulka, Rachel V. Thakore, William T. Obremskey, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, A. Alex Jahangir, and Manish K. Sethi. "Ankle Radiographs in the Early Postoperative Period." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 28, no. 9 (September 2014): 538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bot.0000000000000052.

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Tang, C. L., A. Yunos, A. P. K. Leong, F. Seow-Choen, and H. S. Goh. "Ileostomy output in the early postoperative period." British Journal of Surgery 82, no. 5 (May 1995): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820510.

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Beilin, Benzion, Hanna Bessler, Eduard Mayburd, Genady Smirnov, Arie Dekel, Israel Yardeni, and Yehuda Shavit. "Effects of Preemptive Analgesia on Pain and Cytokine Production in the Postoperative Period." Anesthesiology 98, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200301000-00024.

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Background The postoperative period is associated with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, which are known to augment pain sensitivity, among other effects. In a previous study, the authors found that patients treated with patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) exhibited attenuated proinflammatory cytokine response in the postoperative period. In the present study, the authors examined whether preemptive analgesia continued with PCEA may further attenuate the proinflammatory cytokine response and reduce pain sensitivity in the postoperative period. They compared cytokine production in two groups of patients, one receiving PCEA, the other receiving preemptive epidural analgesia continued by PCEA. Methods Female patients hospitalized for transabdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to one of two pain management techniques: PCEA or preemptive epidural analgesia followed by PCEA (PA + PCEA). Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog scale. Blood samples were collected before, 24, 48, and 72 h following surgery. Production of the following cytokines was assessed in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells: interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-10, and IL-2. Results Patients of the PA + PCEA group exhibited lower pain scores throughout the 72 h postoperatively, compared with patients of the PCEA group. In patients of the PA + PCEA group in the postoperative period, production of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-1ra, and IL-10 was significantly less elevated, while IL-2 production was significantly less suppressed. Conclusions Proinflammatory cytokines are key mediators of illness symptoms, including hyperalgesia. The present results suggest that preemptive epidural analgesia is associated with reduced postoperative pain and attenuated production of proinflammatory cytokines.

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Sahu, Manoj Kumar, Anupam Das, Bharat Siddharth, Sachin Talwar, Sarvesh Pal Singh, Atul Abraham, and Arin Choudhury. "Arrhythmias in Children in Early Postoperative Period After Cardiac Surgery." World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 9, no. 1 (January 2018): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135117737687.

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Background: Postoperative arrhythmias are a known complication after cardiac surgical repairs for congenital heart disease. Methods: Data were reviewed pertaining to incidence, diagnosis, potential risk factors, and management of postoperative arrhythmias in 369 consecutive patients under 18 years of age, undergoing elective open heart surgery. All children were admitted to the intensive care unit and continuous electrocardiographic monitoring was performed. Patient factors such as Aristotle Basic Complexity Score, total surgical duration, hypotension, tachycardia, serum lactate level, and inotropic score were analyzed. Univariate analysis was done to assess associations between these factors and the occurrence of postoperative arrhythmias. Results: Twenty-five (6.7%) patients developed arrhythmias. Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) was the most common arrhythmia occurring in 15 (60%) patients, followed by supraventricular tachycardia in 3 (12%), ventricular premature contractions in 3 (12%), hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation in 3 (12%), and atrial fibrillation in 1 (4%) patient. Different grades of heart block were noted in 13 patients. Aristotle score (P = .014), total surgical duration (P < .01), hypotension (P = .02), heart rate (beats per minute) (P = .001), serum lactate level (P = .04), and inotropic score (P = .02) in the early postoperative period were associated with arrhythmia occurrence. Surgeries for ventricular septal defect alone or in association with other diseases including tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and transposition of the great arteries (TGA) were found to be associated with higher risk of arrhythmias. Conclusion: This study showed a low incidence of arrhythmias, JET being the commonest, seen more in TOF repair and these could be treated efficiently. Higher Aristotle score, longer surgical time, hypotension, tachycardia, high inotropic score, and high serum lactate levels were associated with the occurrence of arrhythmias postoperatively.

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Afonso, João Pedro Lima, Ana Pereira, Joaquim Costa Pereira, and Sandra F. Martins. "Prognostic Value of Inflammation-based Prognostic Scores in Patients with Colorectal Cancer." Journal of Coloproctology 41, no. 04 (December 2021): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735458.

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Abstract Background Anatomopathological staging is the primary method to determine the prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, new tools have been developed that can complement it, such as the analysis of the elevation of systemic inflammatory markers. Objective To evaluate the impact of the elevation of scores based on inflammatory markers (the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], the Glasgow Prognostic Score [GPS], and isolated C-reactive protein [CRP]) in the prognosis of patients diagnosed with CRC and submitted to potentially curative surgery in Hospital de Braga, Portugal, between January 1st, 2005, and December 31st, 2010. Methods A retrospective analysis of the data of 426 patients was performed, with a collection of several clinico-pathological variables, as well as the levels of lymphocytes, neutrophils, albumin and CRP, in the pre- and postoperative periods, to apply the different scores to the sample. Results From the analysis of the survival curves, we concluded that patients with increased NLR in the pre- and postoperative periods present a lower cancer-related survival than patients with normal NLR (preoperative period: 93.7 versus 122 months; p < 0.001; postoperative period: 112 versus 131 months; p = 0.002). Patients with increased NLR in the pre- and postoperative periods also had a lower disease-free survival (preoperative period: 88.0 versus 122 months; p < 0.001; postoperative period: 111 versus 132 months; p = 0.002). In addition, increased pre- and postoperative NLR was associated with a higher risk of death due to CRC (preoperatively: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.25; p < 0.001; postoperatively: HR = 2.18; p = 0.003). However, the multivariate analysis shows that only postoperative NLR (ajusted HR = 2.66; p = 0.002) does so independently of the remaining variables. Conclusion Regarding the scores applied to the sample, the NLR was the one that most consistently related to the prognosis of the patients. However, it would be useful to develop a prospective study that could confirm this relationship.

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Parlow, Joel L., Gerard Begou, Pierre Sagnard, Jean Marie Cottet-Emard, Jean Claude Levron, Guy Annat, Francis Bonnet, et al. "Cardiac Baroreflex during the Postoperative Period in Patients with Hypertension." Anesthesiology 90, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199903000-00008.

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Background Patients with essential hypertension show altered baroreflex control of heart rate, and during the perioperative period they demonstrate increased circulatory instability. Clonidine has been shown to reduce perioperative circulatory instability. This study documents changes in measures of heart rate control after surgery in patients with essential hypertension and determines the effects of clonidine on postoperative heart rate control in these patients. Methods Using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design, 20 patients with essential hypertension (systolic pressure >160 mm Hg or diastolic pressure >95 mm Hg for > or =1 yr) were assigned to receive clonidine (or placebo), 6 microg/kg orally 120 min before anesthesia and 3 microg/kg intravenously over 60 min before the end of surgery. The spontaneous baroreflex ("sequence") technique and analysis of heart rate variability were used to quantify control of heart rate at baseline, before induction of anesthesia, and 1 and 3 h postoperatively. Results Baroreflex slope and heart rate variability were reduced postoperatively in patients given placebo but not those given clonidine. Clonidine resulted in greater postoperative baroreflex slope and power at all frequency ranges compared with placebo (4.9+/-2.9 vs. 2.2+/-2.1 ms/mm Hg for baroreflex slope, 354+/-685 vs. 30+/-37 ms2/Hz for high frequency variability). Clonidine also resulted in lower concentrations of catecholamine, decreased mean heart rate and blood pressure, and decreased perioperative tachycardia and hypertension. Conclusions Patients with hypertension exhibit reduced heart rate control during the recovery period after elective surgery. Clonidine prevents this reduction in heart rate control. This may represent a basis for the improved circulatory stability seen with perioperative administration of clonidine.

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Ishikawa, Mami, Toru Nakanishi, Yoshiaki Takamiya, and Jun Namiki. "Delayed Resolution of Residual Hemifacial Spasm after Microvascular Decompression Operations." Neurosurgery 49, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): 847–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200110000-00013.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE After microvascular decompression to treat hemifacial spasm (HFS), resolution of the HFS is often gradual. We carefully investigated the course of the gradual resolution of HFS and examined the differences between patients with and without postoperative HFS. METHODS One hundred seventy-five patients with HFS were monitored, for observation of 1) whether postoperative HFS occurred, 2) when it occurred, and 3) when it disappeared after microvascular decompression. For two groups of patients, with (Group I) and without (Group II) postoperative HFS, we investigated age, sex, spasm side, preoperative facial nerve block (botulinum toxin treatment), decompression material, preoperative HFS period, offender (compressing vessel), temporary and permanent postoperative complications, and electromyographic findings. RESULTS In Group I (88 patients), postoperative HFS began within 4 days after surgery, a period that we have termed the silent period of postoperative HFS; the median value for the time to resolution was 28 days. The other 87 patients exhibited no postoperative HFS (Group II). There was a significantly higher incidence of postoperative facial weakness in Group II (Group II, 41.3%; Group I, 25.5%;P = 0.02 by logistic regression analysis). In Group I, there was no statistically significant relationship between the investigated parameters and the silent period or the postoperative HFS period, as determined by Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, except for the number of preoperative facial nerve blocks. Electromyographic investigation of F waves revealed facial paresis during the silent period in a patient. CONCLUSION Approximately 50% of patients with HFS exhibited residual spasm postoperatively. An immediate postoperative silent period of 4 days without spasm was characteristic. One-quarter, one-half, and 90% of the residual spasm resolved by 1 week, 1 month, and 8 months after surgery, respectively.

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Khalil, Heba, Abedalmajeed Shajrawi, and Richard Henker. "Predictors of severe postoperative pain after orthopedic surgery in the immediate postoperative period." International Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma Nursing 43 (November 2021): 100864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijotn.2021.100864.

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WU, C., A. ROWLINGSON, A. PARTIN, M. KALISH, G. COURPAS, P. WALSH, and L. FLEISHER. "Correlation of Postoperative Pain to Quality of Recovery in the Immediate Postoperative Period." Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 30, no. 6 (November 2005): 516–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rapm.2005.07.190.

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Wu, Christopher L., Andrew J. Rowlingson, Alan W. Partin, Murray A. Kalish, Genevieve E. Courpas, Patrick C. Walsh, and Lee A. Fleisher. "Correlation of Postoperative Pain to Quality of Recovery in the Immediate Postoperative Period." Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 30, no. 6 (November 2005): 516–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00115550-200511000-00003.

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Kendall, Mark C., and Lucas J. Castro-Alves. "Postoperative Pain and Opioid Consumption in the Acute Postoperative Period after Laparoscopic Gastrectomy." Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 22, no. 6 (April 11, 2018): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11605-018-3776-z.

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Dogan, Ayse, and Fevzi Sarper Turker. "The Effect of On-Pump and Off-Pump Bypass Operations on Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Parameters." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8271376.

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Objective. The aim of the study is to determine the oxidative status in on-pump and off-pump coronary artery surgery and contribute to possible surgical choices in clinical practices in accordance with the information obtained as a result of this study. Methods. 52 patients undergoing open heart surgery (26 patients in on-pump group and 26 patients in off-pump group) were included in the study. MDA, GPx, GSH, CAT, and SOD were investigated in blood samples. Results. In the on-pump group, it was determined that there were a significant increase in MDA level in the peroperative period compared to the preoperative and postoperative periods and a significant increase in GSH level in the postoperative period than in the preoperative period. Additionally, while there was a significant decrease in CAT activity in the postoperative period than in the peroperative period, there was a statistically significant increase in SOD enzyme activity in the postoperative period compared to the preoperative and peroperative periods. A statistically significant increase was observed in SOD enzyme activity in the postoperative period in on-pump compared to off-pump group. Conclusion. It is thought that this oxidative damage can be suppressed by administering a suitable antioxidant supplement in the preoperative and peroperative periods among patients undergoing the on-pump operation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Postoperative Period'

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