Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Postoperative Period'
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Robinson, Susan. "Patient-controlled analgesia in the postoperative period." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34214.
Full textBarthelsson, Cajsa. "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy : patients' experiences and self-reported symptoms the first week after sugery /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/20071220bart/.
Full textNilsson, Ulrica. "The effect of music and music in combination with therapeutic suggestions on postoperative recovery /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/med809s.pdf.
Full textSoop, Mattias. "Effects of perioperative nutrition on insulin action in postoperative metabolism /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-529-8/.
Full textShibata, Yoshihisa, Yasuhiro Shimada, Masahiko Miyachi, Akihiro Yasui, and Yuji Nimura. "The effect of epidural morphine on human intestinal motility in the early postoperative period." Thesis, Georg Thieme, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16797.
Full textGebhardt, Pamela Gipe. "Reliability and validity of the Interchange of Gases Assessment Tool for monitoring the respiratory status of patients in the postanesthetic care unit." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144669.
Full textVega, Nelson de Araujo. "Utilização da valvula unidirecional de torax no pós-operatorio de ressecções pulmonares." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309751.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O manuseio tradicional dos drenos de tórax, após toracotomia, resume-se em um período inicial de aspiração contínua do frasco de drenagem, subseqüente a um intervalo de tempo com o selo de água. Essa estratégia foi desenvolvida, há muitos anos, para ser utilizada após grandes toracotomias. O aprendizado de novas técnicas cirúrgicas e o moderno desenvolvimento de instrumentais médicos propiciaram um menor trauma cirúrgico ao doente. Atualmente, o manejo dos drenos vem sendo modificado em algumas situações. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a drenagem pleural, por meio de válvula unidirecional de tórax (VUT), no pós-operatório de ressecção pulmonar eletiva. Foram realizadas 39 ressecções pulmonares, de forma prospectiva e não randomizada, em pacientes que utilizaram a VUT, como o método de drenagem pleural durante o período pós-operatório. Foram excluídos os pacientes com idade inferior a 12 anos, os submetidos à pneumectomia ou à operação de urgência e os que não completaram o seguimento do estudo. Observou-se a expansão pulmonar, o tempo de permanência com o sistema de drenagem, o período de internação e as complicações pós-operatórias. Foram incluídos e analisados 36 pacientes. A média de permanência com o sistema de drenagem pleural foi de 2,94 ± 1,6 dias. A radiografia de tórax, realizada após 30 dias do procedimento cirúrgico, foi considerada normal em 34 (94,18%) pacientes. Ocorreram oito (22,16%) casos de complicações pós-operatórias, sendo três (8,31%) relacionados à VUT. A utilização da VUT, no pós-operatório de ressecção pulmonar eletiva, foi eficiente e apresentou baixo índice de complicação, principalmente nas ressecções menores
Abstract: The traditional management of chest tubes after a lung resection involves a period of applied suction followed by water seal drainage. This strategy was developed over many years to be used after large thoracotomies. However, the learning of new surgical techniques associated with the current development of medical devices made possible minor surgical traumas in patients. Nowadays, this strategy has been modified in some situations. This study aim is to evaluate pleural drainage using a unidirectional thorax valve (UTV) after elective lung resection.Thirty-nine non randomized prospective lung resections were performed in patients that have been used UTV during a postoperative period. Exclusion criteria were patients below 12 years of age, those who underwent pneumonectomy or emergency surgery and those who were considered lost of follow-up. Pulmonary expansion, chest tube duration, hospital stay and postoperative complications were observed. This study comprised 36 patients. Mean duration of pleural drainage was 2,94 ± 1,6 days. Thirty-four (94,18%) patients showed normal findings on chest roentgenogram 30 days after surgical procedure. Postoperative complications occurred in 8 (22,16%) patients, being 3 (8,31%) related to drainage system. The use of UTV after elective lung resection was effective and showed a low rate of complications, especially in minor resection
Mestrado
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia
Feldman, Melanie Blair. "Delayed hearing loss following vestibular schwannoma surgery: Behavioural and electrophysiological responses in the early postoperative period." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1849.
Full textLoadsman, John Anthony. "Perioperative Sleep and Breathing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/689.
Full textLoadsman, John Anthony. "Perioperative Sleep and Breathing." University of Sydney. College of Health Sciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/689.
Full textMelo, Renata Pereira de. "Nursing outcome fluid balance in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery: concept analysis and construction of operational definitions." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7755.
Full textThis PhD dissertation aimed to review the concept of the nursing outcome Fluid Balance from the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) in postoperative patients who underwent cardiac surgery, and develop operational definitions. For so, a concept analysis was carried out according to the Walker and Avant Model (2005), using the integrative review for searching. It was developed from October to December/2010, based on the leading questions: Which indicators allow the body fluid volume assessment on the postoperative period of cardiac surgery? How these indicators are defined and how could they be evaluated? Which features or values are indicative of normal and altered body fluid volume on the postoperative period of cardiac surgery? Water electrolyte balance, thoracic surgery, and postoperative period were used as searching descriptors. The sample consisted of articles which answered at least one of the searching question(s); with full text available through Portal da CAPES, the University of Iowa electronic system, or the interlibrary loan service; in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. Editorials, letters to the editor, qualitative studies, case report studies, proceedings, duplicate articles, and animal research were excluded. The identified works were submitted to a four step evaluation, which resulted on the selection of 48 articles (CINAHL: 12; PubMed: 12; Scopus: 21; Lilacs: 3). Predominated the narrative reviews, cohort, and descriptive studies (level of evidence IV and VI). From the analysis, 14 indicators were identified, plus the 23 present on the Fluid Balance NOC outcome. The integrative review had a limited contribution for the operational definitions construction, mainly due to the nature of the concept of interest. The concept analysis highlighted the attributes: solvent and/or solute movement (active or passive) through semi-permeable membranes and between physiological compartments; effective regulation by homeostatic mechanisms (gradient between hydrostatic and coloidosmotic pressure, electroneutrality, and neurohormonal mechanisms); and maintenance of compartments concentration and volume. The case model represented a healthy individual, with hormonal and fluid compartments control functions preserved, whereas the contrary cases opposed the attributes partially. The borderline cases consisted of morbid situations in which alterations occurred in at most two attributes. The antecedents of fluid balance corresponded to organic, behavioral, and/or environmental conditions that opposed to those listed for the unbalance, or even their absence. The consequences of unbalance encompassed the estates of fluid deficit or excess, as well as the related concepts of hydration, electrolyte balance (sodium) and systemic (volemia) and local (tissue) perfusion. The consequence of balance consisted of the fluid homeostasis or the absence of consequences of unbalance while the empirical referents corresponded to the indicators. The concept analysis allowed its scope delimitation and identify which parameters assure its presence or even its alteration (unbalance). It encompasses the electrolyte balance, perfusion, and hydration phenomena and is beyond the simple measurement and control of fluid intake and output. As initial validity phase of the nursing outcome, it requires the development of experts and clinical research.
Esta tese teve o objetivo de revisar o conceito do resultado de enfermagem EquilÃbrio HÃdrico da Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) em pacientes no pÃs-operatÃrio de cirurgia cardÃaca e desenvolver definiÃÃes operacionais. Para isso, realizou-se anÃlise do conceito, segundo o modelo de Walker e Avant (2005), utilizando a revisÃo integrativa para busca. A mesma foi empreendida de outubro a dezembro/2010, com base nas questÃes norteadoras: que indicadores permitem a avaliaÃÃo do volume de lÃquidos corporais no perÃodo pÃs-operatÃrio de cirurgia cardÃaca? Como esses indicadores sÃo definidos e como podem ser avaliados? Quais as caracterÃsticas ou valores indicativos de normalidade e de alteraÃÃo no volume de lÃquidos corporais, no perÃodo pÃs-operatÃrio de cirurgia cardÃaca? Para busca, utilizaram-se os descritores equilÃbrio hidroeletrolÃtico, cirurgia torÃcica e perÃodo pÃs-operatÃrio. A amostra foi composta por artigos que contemplassem pelo menos uma das questÃes norteadoras; com resumo disponÃvel; texto completo acessÃvel pelo Portal da CAPES, pelo sistema eletrÃnico da University of Iowa ou pelo sistema de comutaÃÃo; em portuguÃs, inglÃs ou espanhol. Foram excluÃdos os editoriais, cartas ao editor, estudos reflexivos, relatos de experiÃncia, anais de eventos, produÃÃes duplicadas e pesquisas com animais. ApÃs o levantamento, as produÃÃes foram submetidas a quatro etapas de avaliaÃÃo, que resultaram na seleÃÃo de 48 artigos (CINAHL: 12; PubMed: 12; Scopus: 21; Lilacs: 3). Destacaram-se os estudos de revisÃo narrativa, coorte e descritivos (nÃvel de evidÃncia IV e VI). A partir da anÃlise, identificaram-se quatorze indicadores, alÃm dos vinte e trÃs presentes no resultado EquilÃbrio HÃdrico da NOC. A revisÃo integrativa teve contribuiÃÃo limitada para a construÃÃo das definiÃÃes operacionais, sobretudo devido à natureza do conceito de interesse. A anÃlise do conceito evidenciou os atributos: movimento de solvente e/ou soluto (ativo ou passivo) atravÃs de membranas semi-permeÃveis e entre compartimentos fisiolÃgicos; regulaÃÃo efetiva por mecanismos homeostÃticos (gradiente entre a pressÃo hidrostÃtica e coloidosmÃtica, eletroneutralidade e mecanismos neuro-hormonais); e manutenÃÃo da concentraÃÃo e do volume dos compartimentos. O caso modelo refletiu indivÃduo saudÃvel, com funÃÃes hormonais e de controle dos compartimentos hÃdricos preservadas, enquanto os casos contrÃrios se opuseram aos atributos apenas em parte. Os casos limÃtrofes compreenderam as situaÃÃes mÃrbidas, nas quais ocorrem alteraÃÃo de, no mÃximo, dois atributos. Os antecedentes do EquilÃbrio HÃdrico corresponderam Ãs condiÃÃes orgÃnicas, comportamentais e/ou ambientais que se opunham Ãquelas listadas para o desequilÃbrio, ou mesmo sua ausÃncia. Os consequentes do desequilÃbrio abrangeram os estados de dÃficit e excesso de lÃquidos, bem como os conceitos relacionados de hidrataÃÃo, equilÃbrio eletrolÃtico (sÃdio) e perfusÃo, tanto sistÃmica (volemia) quando localizada (tecidual). Jà o consequente do equilÃbrio consistiu na homeostase hÃdrica ou na ausÃncia dos consequentes de desequilÃbrio, enquanto os referentes empÃricos corresponderam aos indicadores. A anÃlise do conceito permitiu delimitar seu escopo e identificar quais parÃmetros asseguram sua presenÃa ou mesmo sua alteraÃÃo (desequilÃbrio). O mesmo engloba os fenÃmenos de equilÃbrio eletrolÃtico, perfusÃo e hidrataÃÃo e està alÃm da simples mensuraÃÃo e controle das perdas e ganhos de lÃquidos. Como fase inicial da validaÃÃo do resultado de enfermagem, requer o desenvolvimento de pesquisa com experts e clÃnica.
Aghighi, Sonja Anahita [Verfasser]. "Analgesic efficacy of gabapentin as add-on medication in the postoperative period after hemilaminectomy in dogs / Sonja Anahita Aghighi." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1009660837/34.
Full textGordana, Repić. "Procena kvaliteta života kod bolesnika sa trajnom kolostomom." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104837&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textIntroduction. Despite the fact that colostomy can be described as an intervention with high success rates, for the patient it represents deterioration of their physical and psychological integrity, which influence the body self image, social and functional capacities and influence the quality of life. Aim. Assessment of quality of life of patients with the permanent colostomy, assessment of depression among patients with the permanent colostomy and assessment of depression influence on quality of life of the patients with the permanent colostomy. Methodology. This was a prospective study performed at the Ambulance for coloproctology at the Polyclinic of Clinical Center of Vojvodina. In the first phase evaluation of patients and medical records of colostomies between 1.9.2015-1.8.2016. at the Clinic for abdominal, endocrine and transplantation surgery in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina was performed. Patients who were selected were assessed for enrolment in the study. Participants anonymously fulfilled the questionnaire a month, three months and six months after the surgery. The study instrument comprised of several parts (sociodemographic data, quality of life assessment, body image scale, self esteem scale and Beck’s depression inventory. Survey data were analysed in SPSS 18.0. Descriptive analysis included the total value expressed in absolute and relative numbers, mean values and standard deviation. The χ2 test, Man-Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test for difference between sub groups. For repeated measuring appropriate tests were performed. Results. Quality of life was statistical significantly improved three and six months after the surgery, comparing to a survey performed one month after colostomy. Body image scale and Self esteem scale also showed significantly higher values three and six months after colostomy, comparing to the first month. A month after the surgery percentage of participants with depressive symptoms was the highest (57.1%), but in the next phases of the survey significant decline was observed (41,1% three and 32,1% six months after the surgery). Conclusion. The lowest parameters were observed a months after the surgery, but they significantly improved three and six months later. Colostomy patients with depressive symptoms had significantly worst quality of life comparing to their peers without depressive symptoms.
Carmona, Bruno Mendes [UNESP]. "Avaliação do conteúdo gástrico pela ultrassonografia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138147.
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Justificativas e objetivos: O jejum pré-operatório adequado é fundamental na prevenção da aspiração pulmonar do conteúdo gástrico. As diretrizes recomendam que este período de jejum seja de acordo com o tipo de alimento ou líquido ingerido. Esta pesquisa avaliou o volume do conteúdo gástrico e suas características físicas por meio da ultrassonografia após períodos de jejum pré-estabelecidos para alimentos sólidos e líquidos em voluntários sadios. Métodos: Realizamos um estudo prospectivo, crossover, com 17 voluntários, com estado físico ASA I ou II. Cada participante realizou jejum de 10 h. Em seguida, foi submetido a ultrassonografia do abdome de controle (momento C), ingestão do alimento sorteado (sólido ou líquido), ultrassonografia após 10 min (momento 0) e a cada hora (momentos 1 a 6) após a ingestão do alimento até 6 h ou até o momento que que o o estômago estivesse completamente vazio novamente. Resultados: No Momento C (controle) todos estavam com o estômago vazio. No momento zero os volumes de líquido e sólido foram semelhantes. Nos momentos subsequentes, o esvaziamento gástrico do líquido foi mais rápido que do sólido, havendo diferença estatística significativa nos momentos 1, 2 e 3 (p < 0,001). A partir do momento 4, apenas o alimento sólido foi detectado pela ultrassonografia. Conclusão: A ultrassonografia pode avaliar o conteúdo gástrico em tempo real, pode estimar o volume do conteúdo gástrico distinguir suas características de forma objetiva, sem a necessidade de colaboração ou obtenção de informações adicionais. O examinador deve seguir as recomendações quanto ao posicionamento do voluntário, à sonda utilizada e as medidas obtidas.
Justification and objectives: Proper pre-surgical fasting is fundamental to the prevention of pulmonary aspiration of gastric content. The guidelines recommend that such a period of fasting may fit the type of ingested food or liquid. This study has evaluated the volume of gastric content and its physical characteristics through ultrasound after pre-established periods of fasting to solid and liquid food in healthy volunteers. Methods: We conducted a prospective study, crossover, with 17 volunteers, with ASA I or II physical state. Each participant performed 10 hour fasting. After, they were submitted to a control abdominal ultrasound (moment C), sorted ingestion of food (solid or liquid), ultrasound after 10 minutes (moment 0) and hourly (times 1-6) after ingestion of up 6 h or until such time that the the stomach was completely empty again Results: At moment C (Control), all of them had empty stomachs. At moment Zero, the volumes of liquid and solid were similar. At the following moments, gastric emptying of liquid was faster than the solid one, with a significant statistics difference at moments 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.001). Up from moment 4, only the solid food was detectable by ultrasound. Conclusion: Ultrasound may evaluate gastric content in real time, estimate the volume of gastric content, and distinguish its characteristics in an objective way, without the need for collaboration or obtaining additional information. The examiner should follow the recommendations in the placement of the volunteer, the probe to used and the measurements.
Carmona, Bruno Mendes. "Avaliação do conteúdo gástrico pela ultrassonografia." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138147.
Full textResumo: Justificativas e objetivos: O jejum pré-operatório adequado é fundamental na prevenção da aspiração pulmonar do conteúdo gástrico. As diretrizes recomendam que este período de jejum seja de acordo com o tipo de alimento ou líquido ingerido. Esta pesquisa avaliou o volume do conteúdo gástrico e suas características físicas por meio da ultrassonografia após períodos de jejum pré-estabelecidos para alimentos sólidos e líquidos em voluntários sadios. Métodos: Realizamos um estudo prospectivo, crossover, com 17 voluntários, com estado físico ASA I ou II. Cada participante realizou jejum de 10 h. Em seguida, foi submetido a ultrassonografia do abdome de controle (momento C), ingestão do alimento sorteado (sólido ou líquido), ultrassonografia após 10 min (momento 0) e a cada hora (momentos 1 a 6) após a ingestão do alimento até 6 h ou até o momento que que o o estômago estivesse completamente vazio novamente. Resultados: No Momento C (controle) todos estavam com o estômago vazio. No momento zero os volumes de líquido e sólido foram semelhantes. Nos momentos subsequentes, o esvaziamento gástrico do líquido foi mais rápido que do sólido, havendo diferença estatística significativa nos momentos 1, 2 e 3 (p < 0,001). A partir do momento 4, apenas o alimento sólido foi detectado pela ultrassonografia. Conclusão: A ultrassonografia pode avaliar o conteúdo gástrico em tempo real, pode estimar o volume do conteúdo gástrico distinguir suas características de forma objetiva, sem a necessid... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Justification and objectives: Proper pre-surgical fasting is fundamental to the prevention of pulmonary aspiration of gastric content. The guidelines recommend that such a period of fasting may fit the type of ingested food or liquid. This study has evaluated the volume of gastric content and its physical characteristics through ultrasound after pre-established periods of fasting to solid and liquid food in healthy volunteers. Methods: We conducted a prospective study, crossover, with 17 volunteers, with ASA I or II physical state. Each participant performed 10 hour fasting. After, they were submitted to a control abdominal ultrasound (moment C), sorted ingestion of food (solid or liquid), ultrasound after 10 minutes (moment 0) and hourly (times 1-6) after ingestion of up 6 h or until such time that the the stomach was completely empty again Results: At moment C (Control), all of them had empty stomachs. At moment Zero, the volumes of liquid and solid were similar. At the following moments, gastric emptying of liquid was faster than the solid one, with a significant statistics difference at moments 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.001). Up from moment 4, only the solid food was detectable by ultrasound. Conclusion: Ultrasound may evaluate gastric content in real time, estimate the volume of gastric content, and distinguish its characteristics in an objective way, without the need for collaboration or obtaining additional information. The examiner should follow the recommendations in the pl... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Пак, Василь Якович, Василий Яковлевич Пак, Vasyl Yakovych Pak, С. Я. Пак, and Ю. В. Юрченко. "Рання післяопераційна спайкова непрохідність кишок." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41975.
Full textPompeo, Daniele Alcalá. "Diagnóstico de enfermagem náusea em pacientes no período pós-operatório imediato: revisão integrativa da literatura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-15102007-140328/.
Full textNausea is one of the most common adverse events in the pots-anesthesia recovery room. It is usually associated to anesthesia. Besides the subjective aspect it can be very distressing for patients. The patients who are suffering from nausea and do show any improvement at all may have a late discharge from both the post-anesthesia recovery room and the hospital. The delayed return to normal functions, the high hospital costs, and the lower degree of the patient\'s satisfaction are some of the consequences. The aim of the present study was to perform a critical analysis of the available evidences in the literature about the related factors and the defining characteristics of nursing diagnosis nausea over the immediate postoperative period by means of an integrative review. During the development of this study systematic reviews and four databases for data collection were used: Lilacs, Pubmed, Cinahl, and Cochrane. From the screened reports, 31 of those were potentially relevant for the purpose of this study. The analysis of the retrieved studies showed that vomiting and nausea in the postoperative period are considered to be closely related and most of the time no distinction can be made between nausea and vomiting. The identified factors related according to the rate of appearance and evidence level were the following: female gender, non-smoking, prior history of vomiting and nausea in the postoperative period, history of nausea associated to motion, age, type of surgery, opioid use in a trans- and a postoperative period, use of volatile anesthetics, and nitrous oxide administration. In relation to the defining characteristics we highlighted the following: pallor, tachycardia, an increased secretion of saliva (sialorrhea, salivation), and perspiration, sensation of cold and heat, blush, awareness of the vomiting impulse, dizziness, bradycardia, pupillary dilation, arterial blood pressure changes, deep, fast, and irregular breathing. The importance to improve and to validate the NANDA\'s Taxonomy II (2006) elements is to enable the registered nurses, who work at surgery centers and anesthesia recovery rooms, to plan the nursing care for the patient in the 3-period of surgical experience aiming at to minimizing the complications in the postoperative period and to stimulate a fast and an undisturbed rehabilitation.
Biljana, Kukić. "Detekcija intervalnih malignih i premalignih lezija debelog creva kod bolesnika sa urednim nalazom na inicijalnoj kolonoskopiji." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101595&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textINTRODUCTION:Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent illness of all carcinomas with an increase in the incidence of CRC in highly developed countries. 70% of patients with CRC are older than 65 years with higher incidence of proximal cancers compared to distal in all age groups and in both sexes. It is believed that 66-75% of CRC could be avoided through healthy lifestyle. 75% of CRC arise from adenomatous polyp cancer via sequences, and that more than 90% of adenoma will not progress to carcinoma. In studies of screening colonoscopy was reported 6-12% of unobserved large polyps and approximately 5% of the CRC on the initial colonoscopy.Postoperative periodic colonoscopy after colorectal cancer surgery aim to detect metachronous cancer and polyps and disease occurrence anastomoses but not proven survival benefit in subjects who had more frequent postoperative colonoscopy (per year) compared to those who were followed for 3 or 5 years. AIM:Prospective study of interval colon lesions occurrence (malignant and pre-malignant) in the period from 2-7 years after initial negative colonoscopy regardless of the reason for the check. Test of differences in lifestyle between subjects depending on the findings of the repeated colonoscopy.A retrospective analysis of all the diagnostic and control colonoscopy. METHODOLOGY: Repeated colonoscopy in subjects who are at-made diagnostic colonoscopy at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina in the period 2005-2011 had normal colonoscopy findings. Of the 160 subjects invited to re colonoscopy for review responded 64 subjects and 151 subjects filled out a questionnaire about life habits. Retrospective analysis of 2750 and diagnostic colonoscopy has been done. Results of the 1064 first postoperative colonoscopy and results of the 1147 repeated colonoscopy in patients operated on for colorectal cancer that had normal findings on the first colonoscopy has been analyzed. RESULTS:Of the 160 invited subjects, 64 of them (42.3%) responded to the repeated review (45 women and 19 men), mean age 60.13 years. In 15 subjects (24.3%) found a total of 22 polyps (10 women and 5 men) with no statistically significant differences in positivity findings in relation to sex (x2test; x2 = 0.014; p = 0.904) and a positive family anamnesis (x2test; x2 = 0.125; p = 0.724).12 cases (14.06%) were high risk of polyps: 5 (41.6%) localized in the proximal colon, and 7 (58.3%) in the distal colon. Not a single interval cancer diagnosed. There was no statistically significant difference in positivity findings with repeated colonoscopy in relation to the distance observed in groups of 3 to 5 years from the previous colonoscopy (x2test; x2 = 0.020; p = 0.887) or when observed in groups up to 5 and over 5 years of negative colonoscopy (x2test; x2 = 3.082; p = 0.079). No statistically significant differences in positivity findings with repeated colonoscopy in relation to whether the patients consume alcohol or not (x2test; x2 = 0.113; p = 0.911) as well as in relation to whether patients are regularly exercising (x2test; x 2 = 0.476; p = 0.490). Statistically significant difference is confirmed in the age of patients at the diagnostic colonoscopy, depending on the reason for colonoscopy (F = 7.111; p = 0.000) in patients who were diagnosed polyps. Those with a family anamnesis and polyps were statistically significant younger in comparison to others except those who have come forward for review because of abdominal pain and bowel movement rhythm disturbances.There were no statistically significant differences by sex, age, the reason for colonoscopy in patients diagnosed with polyps.Statistically is more significant number of women with the localization of polyps in the distal part of the colon comparing to the proximal (x2test; x2 = 18,495; p = 0.000).In younger age groups are represented statistically significant polyps in the rectum (x2test; x2 = 79.963, p = 0.000). Subjects with proximal localization of polyps are 1,724 times more likely for high-risk adenomas compared to those with distal localization.No statistically significant differences in the distribution of cancer in relation to sex (x2test; x2 = 3.2110; p = 0.201).On the first postoperative colonoscopy in 1064 subjects there were a total 346 (32.5%) positive findings. 60 carcinoma diagnosed of which 43.3% is localized on the anastomosis and in 286 of the subjects had a total of 546 of the polyps.Men statistically significantly more likely to have positive findings (x2 test; x2 = 17,252; p = 0.000). Bonferroni post hoc test showed that polyps proximal localization significantly bigger than those in the rectum (p = 0.043). On the control colonoscopy-made for the purpose of monitoring after resection of colorectal cancer by multivariate analysis (sex, age and time of surgery) it has been found that men are 1.4 times more likely (OR = 1.457) than women for the occurrence of changes (polyps and cancers).Subjects having passed since the operation of 3 to 5 years are 1.6 times more likely to develop a change with respect to those in which the more than one year elapsed (OR = 1.605). CONCLUSION:In 24.3% subjects were diagnosed polyps (one hyperplastic and 21 adenomas).14.06% of all polyps had the characteristics of high-risk polyps with no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of polyps in subjects where the examination was done after 3,5 or 5 years since the first negative colonoscopy. No cancers diagnosed, meaning there is no need to repeat colonoscopy in a shorter period of time than pre-planned colonoscopy in subjects who had normal initial colonoscopy findings which refers to the repeated colonoscopies in subjects operated on for CRC.For diagnostic colonoscopy statistically significant number of women with the localization of polyps in the distal part of the colon compared to proximal and was not observed differences in the distribution of carcinoma in relation to sex and age of the subject.
Rodrigues, Cristiane Delgado Alves 1978. "Disfunção transitória da troca gasosa no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e procedimentos cardíacos = Transitory dysfunction in gas exchange in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and cardiac procedures." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312568.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: OBJETIVO: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo realizado com o objetivo de verificar a presença de Disfunção Transitória da Troca Gasosa (DTTG) no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e determinar se esse transtorno está relacionado a eventos cardiorrespiratórios. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 942 pacientes consecutivos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e procedimentos cardíacos, encaminhados para a UTI, entre junho de 2007 e novembro de 2011. RESULTADOS: A Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo (SDRA) foi observada em 15 pacientes (2%), apresentaram Disfunção Transitória da Troca Gasosa (DTTG) leve 199 (27.75%) pacientes, DTTG moderada em 402 (56.1%) pacientes e DTTG grave em 39 (5.4%) pacientes. A presença de hipertensão arterial e choque cardiogênico foram associadas ao surgimento de DTTG moderada no período pós-operatório (p=0.02 e p=0.019, respectivamente) e foram considerados fatores de risco para esta disfunção (p=0.0023 e p=0.0017, respectivamente). A presença de diabetes mellitus também foi considerada um fator de risco para DTTG (p=0.03). Houve correlação entre a presença de pneumonia e a presença de DTTG moderada em 8.9% dos casos (p = 0.001). A presença de DTTG grave foi associada a pacientes que necessitaram de terapia de substituição renal (p=0.0005), hemoterapia (p=0.0001), nutrição enteral (p=0.0012), ou arritmia cardíaca (0.0451). CONCLUSÕES: A presença de hipertensão pré-operatória e choque cardiogênico foram associados com a ocorrência de DTTG pós-operatória. Os fatores de risco pré-operatórios foram hipertensão, choque cardiogênico e diabetes. No pós-operatório, a pneumonia, pneumonia associada à ventilação (PAV), terapia de substituição renal, hemoterapia e arritmia cardíaca foram associados com o aparecimento de certo grau de DTTG, que foi fator de risco para reintubação, pneumonia, PAV e terapia de substituição renal no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e procedimentos cardíacos
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: A retrospective cohort study was preformed aiming to verify the presence of transient dysfunction of gas exchange (TDGE) in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and determine if this disorder is linked to cardiorespiratory events. METHODS: We included 942 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery and cardiac procedures who were referred to the ICU between June 2007 and November 2011. RESULTS: Fifteen patients had acute respiratory distress syndrome (2%), 199 (27.75%) had mild TDGE, 402 (56.1%) had moderate TDGE, and 39 (5.4%) had severe TDGE. Hypertension and cardiogenic shock were associated with the emergence of moderate TDGE postoperatively (p = 0.02 and p = 0.019, respectively) and were risk factors for this dysfunction (p = 0.0023 and p = 0.0017, respectively). Diabetes mellitus was also a risk factor for TDGE (p = 0.03). Pneumonia was present in 8.9% of cases and correlated with the presence of moderate TDGE (p = 0.001). Severe TDGE was associated with patients who had had renal replacement therapy (p = 0.0005), hemotherapy (p = 0.0001), enteral nutrition (p = 0.0012), or cardiac arrhythmia (0.0451). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative hypertension and cardiogenic shock were associated with the occurrence of postoperative TDGE. The preoperative risk factors included hypertension, cardiogenic shock, and diabetes. Postoperatively, pneumonia, VAP, renal replacement therapy, hemotherapy, and cardiac arrhythmia were associated with the appearance of some degree of TDGE, which was a risk factor for reintubation, pneumonia, VAP, and renal replacement therapy in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and cardiac procedures
Doutorado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Doutora em Ciências
Neves, Roberta Corsini. "Paciente em Retenção Urinária no Pós-Operatório: Scoping Review." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-04082016-194424/.
Full textThis study aimed to identify the scientific evidence related to urinary retention (UR) of the patient in the immediate postoperative. Study held through Scoping Review, according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The search of the studies was performed using the guiding question: What are scientific evidence produced about the patient in the UR in the immediate postoperative period? For the construction of the research question was used the PICO strategy (Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes). For the quest of the studies were used the following database: PubMed National Center for Biotechnology Information National Institutes of health; Web of Science (WOS); Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (Lilacs); Base de dados de Enfermagem (BDENF); Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (Cinahl); SciVerse Scopus (Scopus); Cochrane Collaboration (Cochrane). Among the 398 articles found, after exhaustive reading the titles and abstracts, 48 were read in full. Among the 48 analyzed, eight articles were included in this study. The majority of articles studied was written in English and published in medical journals and just one was treated for publication in the nursing field. These articles were related to different surgical procedures (vascular, abdominal, thoracic, colorectal, orthopedic and elective surgeries). In the selected studies, findings were related to risk factors for UR after surgery, prevalence and incidence of UR postoperative, unnecessary urinary catheterizations, rates after surgery, if the urination process preoperatively intervenes after surgery and still UR ratio using certain anesthetic. The method of choice was the portable ultrasound bladder for diagnosis of urinary retention in the immediate postoperative period. Regarding the resolution of the problem was used urinary catheterization. There are evidences relating to urinary retention in the immediate postoperative period. This knowledge in clinical practice enables nurse to apply individualized, quality and secure assistance. However are scarce nursing publications on this theme. In this sense, it is necessary by nurses will invest in this theme to qualify and ensure the assistance
Tang, Sze-man, and 鄧思敏. "The optimal period to introduce preoperative smoking cessation in order to reduce the postoperative complication rates in relation towound healing and pulmonary aspects." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44626447.
Full textAleksandra, Plećaš Đurić. "Poređenje efikasnosti upotrebe nazalne kanile i kiseoničke maske za lice kod primene kiseoničke terapije u postoperativnom periodu." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110294&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Anesthesiology is associated with vicissitudes in ventilation, which start with application of first medicine and last for days following surgical intervention. Hypoxemia is a most common side effect of vicissitudes in ventilation. Oxygen therapy is important in anesthesiology and post-operative treatment of a patient. There are no clear evidence-based guidelines for application of oxygen therapy in post-operative period. Numerous factors influence patient’s treatment outcome and it is difficult to examine each factor’s independent impact. Oxygen therapy treats or prevents occurrence of hypoxemia by providing inspiratory concentration of oxygen greater than the amount found in air. Most patients in post-operative period don’t require vigilant control of inspiratory concentration of oxygen, and administration of oxygen therapy is implemented with a low flow device with variable performances such as nasal cannula and oxygen face mask. Various research attempts where made in the last decades to discover an evident difference between these two devices, especially in cases where hypoxemia occurred in post-operative period. One advantage to using nasal cannula over oxygen face mask is that its better perceived by a patient as it reduces feeling of claustrophobia. Nasal cannula doesn’t need to be removed during oral cavity care or “per os” intake which ensures continuous oxygen delivery. The drawback to using nasal cannula is that its challenging to insert it in a patient with nasogastric tube or difficult nasal breathing. Also, patient can experience nasal discomfort if the oxygen flow is bigger than four litters per minute. Literature data shows that application of oxygen trough the face mask achieves greater inspiratory concentrations of oxygen, and reduces the occurrence of desaturation and hypoxemia. Still, there is research which points out to the possibility of breathing in from dead space in the mask, in lower flows, which can partially affect pressure of carbon dioxide in artery blood. AIM: Aim of the research is to examine frequency of hypoxemia and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients treated with oxygen therapy via nasal cannula or oxygen face mask during the first 48 hours following patient extubating in intensive care unit. Also, aim is to examine correlation between patients’ pre-operative characteristics and the choice of one of the two devices for oxygen therapy in early postoperative period. METHODOLOGY: Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy at the Clinical Center of Vojvodina conducted this research on 160 patients who underwent elective surgical procedures and received post-operative care in Intensive Care Unit. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups (Group M with oxygen face mask and Group N with nasal cannula) relative to device which was used for post-operative oxygen therapy. Information recorded for all the patients included in the study constituted their gender, age, weight, hight, and body max index. ASA status, as well as NYHA status were also recorded. Research excluded any patient who experienced respiratory complications in post-operative period as well as those who experienced hemodynamic instability. Postoperatively all patients were sedated and on mechanical ventilation therapy in intensive care unit. After transition to spontaneous breathing and extubating, oxygen therapy was applied using oxygen mask (6 l/min) or nasal cannula (4 l/min). Vital parameters were continuously monitored as well as hemoglobin oxygen saturation, and carbon dioxide at the end of the expirium. Gas analysis of artery blood was carried out four times for all participants in the study. All parameters were compared between two examined patient groups. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences - SPSS 21. Numerical features are depicted using arithmetic mean and variability rate, and attributive features are depicted with frequency and percentages. Comparison of the values of numerical characteristics between the two groups was performed using Student's t-test, that is, a non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The frequency difference in attributive characteristics was tested using χ2 test. To generate adequate statistical model, multivariate regression analysis was applied to examine the link between two or more of features. Significant values are determined if level of significance is p<0.05. RESULTS: Preoperative characteristics of the patient showed no significant differences between the two study groups. Characteristics were recorded with respect to gender (2 test; 2 = 0.378; p = 0.539), age (t-test; t = 1,958, p = 0,053 ), APACHE II score on admission (Mann-Whitney test; U = 1220.500; p = 0.837), body mass index (t-test; t = 1.380, p = 0.171), smoking habits (2 test; 2 = 0.644; p = 0.422), the values of the preoperative hemoglobin (t-test; t = 0.442, p = 0.660), and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (t-test; t = 0.883, p = 0.380). Difference was discovered in regards to duration of mechanical ventilation (Mann-Whitney test; U = 1114.500; p = 0.345). Hypoxemia (partial oxygen pressure in the arterial blood of less than 65 mmHg) was not registered in any of the patients in both study groups. Value SpO2< 92%, was registered in 24 patients during every round (24%). Patients who registered value lower than 92% experienced it in the first hour post extubation. This was observed in 5 patients in total (5%) where 3 patients from group M (6%) and 2 from group N (4%). Between 2nd and 3rd rounds, saturation values lower than 92% were recorded in 19 patients (19%): 8 from group M (16%) and 11 from group N (22%). In the period between the 3rd and 4th rounds the value of saturation lower than 92% was detected in 19 (19%) patients: 10 from group M (20%) and 9 from group N (18%). Statistically significant difference was noted in all three rounds (rounds 2, 3, 4) in the values of the partial oxygen pressure in arterial blood. Thus, patients from the group treated with an oxygen face mask had significantly higher values of partial oxygen pressure. In addition patients treated by oxygen face mask had significantly higher levels of oxygen saturated hemoglobin, and this difference was statistically significant in all observed rounds. In the first 48 hours after surgery noninvasive mechanical ventilation was performed in 80 patients. Common indication for oxygen therapy in all patients was desaturation. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of patients who required non-invasive mechanical ventilation in either of the groups (2 test; 2 = 2.250; p = 0.134). Patients in group N received several minutes more (mean value of 56.85 +/- 19.80 minutes) of the non-invasive ventilation than patients in the group M (mean value of 33.14 +/- 10.65 minutes), and this difference was statistically significant (t-test; t = 2,923, p = 0,009). Based on the multivariate regression analysis, the patients who received oxygen therapy via nasal cannula, with the increase in body mass index had lower values of partial oxygen pressure in arterial blood (r2 = 0.392). CONCLUSION: Both face mask and nasal cannula ensure adequate application of oxygen therapy to prevent hypoxemia in the early postoperative period. Oxygen face mask achieves higher value of partial oxygen pressure in arterial blood. Episodes of desaturation more frequently occur in patients who receive oxygen therapy with nasal cannula in early postoperative period. Patients who receive oxygen therapy via oxygen face mask achieve higher hemoglobin oxygen saturation values. Patients who undergo oxygen therapy in the early postoperative period using nasal cannula require longer application of non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Patients with higher body mass index receive better oxygenation in the early postoperative period if facial mask is the device of choice.
Magro, Marcia Cristina da Silva. "Cistatina C e Rifle: avanços na avaliação da função renal em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-22032007-092317/.
Full textThe prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery ranges from 5 to 31%, depending on the population studied and the criteria used for its definition. The objectives of this study were to classify the renal function of the patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery according to the RIFLE classification (Risk, injury, Failure, Loss and End-stage) and to assess the discriminating power of a glomerular filtration rate marker, the Cystatin C (CC). The sample was composed by 121 patients, with no kidney failure history, who were followed up 24, 48 and 72 hours after surgery. The outcome considered were hospital discharge or death. RIFLE was used as basis to compare the other variables, as well as two of its components: the Serum Creatinine (Cr) and the Creatinine Clearance. Patients classified as R, I and F were considered with AKI. The mean age of the patients was 50 years, with 61.2% of males, 38.8% of females and a preponderance of Caucasians (92%). The valve surgery was the most performed surgery (48.8%), followed by 43.8% of myocardial revascularization and 7.4% of combined surgery. In 78% of the cases, a coronary artery bypass grafting was adopted and lasted 120 minutes time or less. The great majority (97.5%) of the patients were discharged from hospital. The AKI occurred in 78.5% of the sample using the RIFLE criteria. Regarding the CC, it was noticed a relationship between its levels and the worsening of the renal function, according to RIFLE, in the studied period. The CC presented a higher sensibility and specificity than Cr to signal the worsening of the renal function (area under the curve 0.67 vs. 0,62). The study confirmed a better performance of the CC than the Cr marker to detect AKI in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery
Зайцева, Н. В. "Дифузія іонів металів з поверхні імплантатів у кісткову тканину у віддалений післяопераційний період." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41772.
Full textPandurov, Marina. "Uticaj kaudalnog bloka na nivo perioperativnog stresa kod dece tokom uroloških operacija." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=113932&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textSurgery generates a neuroendocrine stress response, resulting in undesirable haemodynamic instability, alterations in metabolic response and malfunctioning of the immune system. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of caudal blocks in intra- and postoperative pain management and in reducing the stress response in children during the same periods. This prospective, randomized clinical trial included 80 patients scheduled for elective urological operations. One group (n = 38) received general anaesthesia and the other (n = 38) received general anaesthesia with a caudal block. Haemodynamic paramethers, drug consumption and pain intensity were measured. Blood samples for serum glucose, cortisol level, leukocytes, pH and lactate level were taken before anaesthesia induction and after awakening the patient. Children who received a caudal block had, postoperativly, significantly lower serum glucose (p < 0.01), cortisol concentrations (p < 0.01), leukocytes (p<0,01), lower lactate level and acidosis,also pain scores were lower at all 3 measurments (p<0,01). Intraoperativly greater haemodynamic stability and lower drug consumption were noticed. Also, there were no side effects or complications identified in that group. The combination of caudal block with general anaesthesia is a safe method that leads to less stress, greater haemodynamic stability, lower pain scores and lower consumption of medication.
Gasperini, Giovanni. "Eficácia da terapia a laser de baixa intensidade na redução do edema, dor e parestesia no pós operatório de cirurgias ortognáticas: estudo randomizado duplo cego cruzado." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4418.
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This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of using a low-level laser therapy protocol to reduce swelling, pain and neurosensory disturbance after orthognathic surgeries. Ten patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split (BSSO) with Le Fort I osteotomy and had low-level laser therapy on one side of the jaw were evaluated over a period of 60 days. The protocol used was intra oral application after surgery (λ = 660 nm (Red), ED = 5J/cm2, t = 10 s / point, P = 20 mW, E = 1.2 J per point). And extra oral application (λ = 789 nm infra-red), DE = 30J/cm2, t = 20 s / point, P = 60 mW, E = 1.2 J per point). After the fourth day, ten intraoral and extraoral applications were performed (λ = 780nm (infrared), DE = 70J/cm2, P = 70 mW, t = 40s / point, E = 2.8 J, per point). Irradiated and non-irradiated side data were compared post-operatively. In all assessments except the immediate post operative assessment, swelling and pain decreased. There is recovery of sensitivity on both sides, but on the irradiated side, recovery is faster and almost normal at the last evaluation. The data for the irradiated and non-irradiated sides were compared post-operatively. Fifteen, 30 and 60 days after surgery, sensitivity was recovered on both sides, but on the irradiated side, recovery was faster and was almost complete at the time of the last evaluation. Irradiated and non-irradiated sides were compared regarding swelling coefficient and Visual Analogue Scale for pain assessment. There were no significant differences between irradiated and non-irradiated sides regarding swelling and pain in the immediate postoperative assessment. Swelling significantly decreased in the irradiated side in the following post-operative assessments, from 2.15 to 0.21 (non irradiated side: 2.72 to 1.29). Self-reported pain was less intense in the irradiated side in the 24-hr (1.20 vs 3.4) and 3-day (0.60 vs 2.10) assessments, but after 7 days of surgery either side did not show any pain. This lower-level laser therapy protocol can improve tissue response and reduce pain and swelling resulting from orthognathic surgeries and accelerate the recovery of neurosensory disorders resulting from BSSO.
Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a eficácia do uso de um protocolo de terapia laser de baixa intensidade para redução do edema, dor e disturbios neurossensoriais após cirurgias ortognáticas. Dez pacientes foram submetidos a osteotomia sagital bilateral com osteotomia Le Fort I recebendo aplicação da terapia laser de baixa intensidade em um dos lados e foram avaliados num periodo de 60 dias. O protocolo utilizado foi aplicação intra oral (λ = 660 nm (vermelho), ED = 5J/cm2, t = 10 s / ponto, P = 20 mW, E = 1,2 J por ponto) e extra oral (λ = 789 nm de infravermelho), DE = 30J/cm2, t = 20 s / ponto, P = 60 mW, E = 1,2 J por ponto) nos três primeiros dias pós operatorios . Depois do quarto dia, dez aplicações intra-orais e extra-orais foram realizadas (λ = 780nm (IR), DE = 70J/cm2, P = 70 mW, t = 40 / ponto, E = J 2,8, por ponto). Os dados pós operatorios entre os lados irradiados e não irradiados foram comparados e submetidos ao teste estatístico de Wilcoxon. Houve a recuperação da sensibilidade do labio inferior nos dois lados, mas no lado irradiado, essa recuperação foi mais rápida. O edema foi avaliado através do coeficiente de edema e a dor através de uma escala analogical visual. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre o edema e a dor na avaliação imediatamente após a cirurgia entre os dois lados. O edema foi significantemente menor no lado irradiado nas outras avaliações pós operatórias (2.15 para 0.21) e lado não irradiado (2.72 para 1.29). A percepção de dor foi menos intensa do lado irradiado em 24 horas (1.20 vs 3.4) e 3 dias (0.60 vs 2.10), mas a partir do sétimo dia não observou-se dor em nenhum dos lados. O protocolo de terapia laser de baixa intensidade aqui descrito melhora a resposta dos tecidos e reduzir a dor e inchaço resultante de cirurgias ortognáticas e acelerar a recuperação de distúrbios neurossensoriais resultantes da osteotomia sagital bilateral do ramo
Lasaponari, Elaine Ferreira. "A utilização da calatonia no período pós-operatório imediato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-21062011-152045/.
Full textThis research had as objective to evaluate the influence of the technique of Calatonia on the clinical conditions (systemic arterial pressure, cardiac and respiratory frequencies, axillary corporal temperature, oxygen saturation), pain and indexes of Aldrete and Kroulik and that of Ramsay, of the patients in the immediate postoperative period; A randomized study was carried through, with one hundred and sixteen patients, submitted to the Videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery, divided in groups: experimental (58 patients) and placebo (58 patients). The patients of the experimental group received the Calatonia technique, and those of placebo group were submitted only to non-intentional touchs. The results showed that the patients of the groups placebo and experimental were considered homogeneous in which refers to the variables: sex, age, ASA (Physical Status Classification), in the Postanaesthetic Recovery Room (SRPA) it was not observed any significant statistical differences, between the groups, as to the clinical evaluation of the Aldrete and Kroulik scale as well as the sedation scale of Ramsay and the clinical parameters, except the axillary corporal temperature, which presented significant statistical difference, at the moment of the admission at the SRPA. As to the pain, the patients of the experimental group presented significant results, being it possible to infer that the relaxation proportionated by the technique of Calatonia brought the relief of the painful status and, thus, it can be considered as an adjuvant therapy for the relief of the pain. So, it can be concluded that the application of the Calatonia can act as complementary resource to the assistance in the immediate postoperative period, prioritizing the subjectivity of the human being, without leaving the reality of the institution. Since it is a innovative proposal, with the application of the technique in the immediate postoperative period, it is given credit that the Calatonia will contribute for an improvement of the clinical situation, providing the physical and emotional patient well-being, besides rescuing the human and individualized assistance as well.
Sjöling, Mats. "Experiences of abandonment and anonymity among arthroplastic surgery patients in the perioperative period : some issues concerning communication, pain and suffering." Umeå : Kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-509.
Full textOliveira, Fatima Rosane de Almeida. "Incidência, fatores preditores e consequências do delirium no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca em idosos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-11092015-160812/.
Full textDelirium is an acute and transient syndrome with features of inattention and global cognitive dysfunction over the time. Among elderly hospitalized patients is the most common complication. The postoperative cardiac surgery delirium occurs in 73% in older patients. Delirium patients, have prominent risk factors for dementia, institutionalization, death, hospital care and increased cost of healthcare. The aims of this study were: 1) to determine the incidence of postoperative cardiac delirium, focusing particularly on elderly individuals; 2) to identify the predisposing and precipitating factors of delirium; 3) evaluate the morbi-mortality associated with delirium in a follow up of eighteen months. A prospective observational cohort study (n=173) patients, aged >= 60 years, admitted at Heart and Lung Messejana\'s Hospital between September/2011 to December/2013. Before the surgery, the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) were administered to assess patient\'s cognitive functioning. The patients were screened for delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Patients were excluded preoperatively if they met criteria for delirium. Variables related to demographic data, previous diseases, medications were recorded and EuroSCORE II calculated the risk of surgical mortality for each patient. Results of preoperative tests, like ECG, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, carotid Doppler ultrassound and laboratory tests were also recorded. During the surgery, variables were ECC (extracorporeal circulation) and aortic clamping time, duration of surgery and anesthesia, and blood products were also recorded. Postoperative variables analyzed were: the orotracheal intubation time (OIT), length of stay in the ICU, renal dysfunction and hypoxemia. The postoperative delirium was accessed by CAM-ICU. Mortality from any cause, infection and perioperative myocardial infarction, identified until hospital discharge or 30 days after surgery were predefined as the composite endpoint. During a follow up of 12 to 18 months, a new assessment using MMSE and VFT were held; events such as, deaths, readmissions and dementia were recorded. Multivariate analysis was performed by multiple logistic regressions to identify independent variables. Patients aged 69.5 ± 5.8. About 75.14% were hypertensive; 39.88% were diabetic. The mean EuroSCORE II was 4.06±3.86. About 30.06% were illiterate; an average 3.05 ± 3.08 years of school. In 70% of cases, delirium was detected at the first two days after surgery with an incidence of 34.1%. The degree of literacy (OR = 0,81; 95% CI 0,71 - 0,92; p=0,002), hypertension (OR = 2,73; 95% CI 1,16 - 6,40; p=0,021) and mitral valve disease (OR = 2,93; 95% CI 1,32 - 6,50; p=0,008) were independently associated with delirium. Longer ICU length of stay (OR=1,18; 95% CI 1,07 - 1,30; p=0,001) was also independently associated with delirium as a precipitation factor. Delirium was an independent risk factor for the composite outcome (OR = 2.35; 95% CI 1.20 - 4.58 and p = 0.012); OIT > 900 minutes (OR = 2.50; 95% CI 1.30 - 4.80; p = 0.006) after multivariate analysis. There was no relationship between delirium and mortality after hospital discharge, as well as, dementia or hospital readmission during follow up
Massa, Bruno Sergio Ferreira. "O uso da radiografia inlet no controle radiográfico do quadril na displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-13062018-104951/.
Full textIntroduction: Development dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) affects 1.5 to 2.5 per 1000 live births. The treatment varies according to the age and can range from the use of the suspensory to open reduction associated with pelvic osteotomies and, or femur osteotomies. The evaluation of the reduction after the surgeries is done by means of uniplanar radiographs and complemented with tomography or magnetic resonance images. A complementary radiograph not used for this purpose may help in this evaluation: Inlet radiography. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Inlet radiography in comparison to the Tomography method currently used in our service for this evaluation. Secondarily, it seeks to evaluate the reproducibility of the evaluation through intra and inter-observer correlations. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of DDQ operated between 2013 and 2015 were evaluated. All patients underwent postoperative inlet radiography and tomography. Blind evaluations were performed on images randomly distributed intra and between evaluators correlated by Kappa index (95% CI). A consensus was also reached among the evaluators and this was compared with the results of tomography as a gold method. This correlation was evaluated by the weighted Kappa index (95% CI) and the diagnostic measures, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood (LR +) and negative likelihood (LR) were obtained. Results: A total of 25 radiographs obtained from 22 patients were included in the study. The mean age of treatment was 2.95 years and ranged from one to five years, with a higher prevalence in females and a higher incidence on the left side. Intra and interobserver evaluations obtained similar values and high Kappa = 0.834 (95% CI). The correlation between consensus and tomography showed high Kappa agreement = 0.834 (95% CI), with 100% sensitivity, 95.5% specificity and negative predictive value of 100 (83.9-100). Conclusion: Inlet radiography proved to be a viable and reliable method compared with CT for postoperative evaluation of hip reduction in Developmental Hip Dysplasia
Кравцова, А. В. "Зміни ліквору у експериментальних тварин при пластиці твердої мозкової оболонки у ранньому післяопераційному періоді." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41743.
Full textSilva, Helga Bezerra Gomes da. "Avaliação de fatores preditivos para náusea e vômito no pós-operatório de pacientes oncológicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-24022016-162539/.
Full textBackground: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is still a troublesome problem in the postoperative period. Predictive models as Apfel score help to stratify risk of patients and orientate antiemetic prophylaxis. Identifying risk factors that may add information to Apfel score in oncological patient is of extreme importance due to the vulnerability to PNV in this population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 1500 consecutive patients undergoing intermediate or major cancer surgery between April and July 2011. PONV was assessed in the first 24 hours by Pain Management Team. Electronic medical record with all the studied variables was filled. Multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to assess if any of the variable could add some predictive ability to Apfel\'s tallying heuristic and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were modeled. The areas under the curve (AUC) were used to compare the model\'s discriminating ability for predicting patients who vomited from those who did not. Results: The overall incidence of PONV was 26%. Multiple logistic regressions identified two independent predictors (odds ratio; 95% CI): Apfel\'s score (1.78; 1.23-2.63) and previous chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (3.15; 1.71-5.9), Hosmer-Lemeshow\'s p < 0.0001. Previous CINV is the most significant predictor to be added to Apfel\'s heuristic in this population. Conclusions: History of previous CINV should be considered as a strong predictor for PONV and should be added as an additive risk factor for PONV in the preoperative period of oncological surgery
Lima, Alexandre Garcia de. "Estudo dos efeitos da sazonalidade sobre os resultados operatórios e grau de satisfação após simpatectomia videotoracoscópica e do desempenho dos métodos de expansão pulmonar empregados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-17012013-143803/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Sympathectomy is the treatment of choice for primary and localized hyperhidrosis. Efforts in evolution of this technique have the aim to improve the surgical results and minimizing the collateral effects, witch told to be the sudomotor reflex. This sudomotor reflex could influence the long term satisfaction; it also could change between the seasons of the year, as well as the satisfaction could change in this matter. However, there is no objective data regarding the influence of the seasonality over the surgical results and satisfaction. The objectives of this study is to assess the seasonal variability of palmar and plantar resolution, as well as the incidence of sudomotor reflex and its intensity; to correlate this factors with satisfaction. To evaluate the pain as a factor related to immediate satisfaction; to assess the safety of lung expansion methods and relate this with postoperative pain. METHODS: A two stage prospective clinical assay. The first stage consists of assessment of the immediate factors related to satisfaction (anthropometrics factors, pain, presence and intensity of the sudomotor reflex, palmar and plantar resolutions, season of the year in witch the operation was performed) and the safety of lung expansion methods; it is a prospective, randomized and blinded study. The second stage is a cohort study, assessing the late factors related to satisfaction (anthropometrics factors, presence and intensity of the sudomotor reflex and palmar and plantar resolutions), under distinct climatic situations. There were included patients with typical palmar and plantar primary hyperhidrosis treated by thoracic video-assisted sympathectomy; the inclusion period was 16 months and the final follow-up time was 623 ± 15,13 days in average. They were assessed in hospital stay (pain, lung expansion technique and residual pneumothorax) and at seventh postoperative day (pain, surgical results and satisfaction). Thereafter they were assessed in spring, summer and autumn/winter (surgical results and satisfaction). The surgical results were palmar and plantar resolutions and presence and intensity of the sudomotor reflex. The independent variables related to satisfaction were season of the year in that the sympathectomy was performed, pain, palmar and plantar resolutions, sudomotor reflex (presence and intensity) and anthropometric parameters (age, gender, ethnics, body mass index). RE8UL T8: 82 consecutives patients were included; thereafter, 80 completed the immediate assess and 75 completed the long term follow-up. The surgical results (palmar and plantar resolutions, presence and intensity of the sudomotor reflex) had significant variation throughout the seasons of the year. Equally, the satisfaction had significant variation, as well as the factor related to dissatisfaction, throughout the seasons of the year. The underwater pleural drainage and the lung expansion with Valsalva maneuver were equally efficient in matter of residual pneumothorax; however the underwater pleural drainage was more painful and more operating time consuming; the residual pneumothorax do not increased the postoperative pain. CONCLUSIONS: The best results are obtained in immediate postoperative period and in spring; the worst results are seen in spring; the intermediate results are obtained in autumn/winter. In the spring, the unique factor related to dissatisfaction was the non resolution of plantar hyperhidrotic symptoms; in the summer and in the autumn/winter the presence of the sudomotor reflex, independently of its intensity, was related to dissatisfaction. The underwater pleural drainage should not be indicating after thoracic video-assisted sympathectomy for lung expansion. The residual pneumothorax does not influence the postoperative pain.
Tjäder, Inga. "Muscle protein synthesis : effects of metabolic stress and feeding /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-230-6/.
Full textSantos, Ana Paula Azevedo. "O enfermeiro no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: competências profissionais e estratégias da organização." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-23112015-202044/.
Full textOver the years the professional competence issue has constituted a focus of attention of nurses and hospital organizations, as the nursing staff represents a significant portion of human resources allocated to institutions, directly interfering with efficiency, quality and cost of health care provided. The working environment in cardiac surgery postoperative units puts the nurse facing the challenge of exercising functions and complex activities, to holistic nursing care and qualified for hospitalized patients. And for this to be possible it is necessary to develop specific skills in these professionals, in view of the highly complex scenario and the mobilization of expertise can significantly reflect the results obtained in assistance. This research aimed to analyze the competences of nurses to work in the post-cardiac surgery and strategies for mobilizing these competences. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, and the methodological design of the study collective case. The research was conducted in three highly complex units that provide care to patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and participants were 18 nurses. To collect data, we used two sources of evidence, direct observation, not a participant, with structured script and semi- structured interview. To interpret the data it was decided to thematic analysis. In relation to the profile of the participants, the results showed that most were female, aged between 24 and 40 years, and most of the completed undergraduate degree in nursing from 2001 to 2012.In relation to working time half of professionals are less than four years in the institution. As for the time of experience in postoperative cardiac surgery units, slightly more than half have up to four years of working time in the area. And most of them had broad sense specialization in highly complex areas, two nurses in cardiology. Thematic analysis of the data enabled the identification of nine competences of nurses: theoretical and practical knowledge, high complexity nursing care, supervision and nursing leadership, decision making, conflict management, human resources, material, financial and continuing education in service. We also found that hospital organizations and the professionals themselves seek and use strategies to develop professional skills. It is believed that this study will be of great importance to contribute to nurses and organizations are aware about the competences needed to work in critical care units, such as postoperative cardiac surgery units and that institutions implement programs to develop these competences according to the needs of each service, promoting the improvement of quality of care. It is also recommended to expand the study to other professions, in order to compare and / or generalization of data in order to help identify gaps in the training of nursing professionals about the skills that should be developed for the demand of postoperative units cardiac surgery
Manzano, Roberta Munhoz. "Efeito da fisioterapia respiratória no pós-operatório imediato, em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal alta: estudo prospectivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-16102014-110912/.
Full textIntroduction: Surgical procedures can affect the respiratory muscles increasing the risks to hypoventilation, hypoxia, atelectasis and infections. Physiotherapists are essentials to care those patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intervention of chest physiotherapy in immediate postoperative, in anesthesia recovery period room, analyzing lung functions, spirometry and oximetry in patients submitted to elective abdominal surgery. Methods: Clinic prospective and arbitrary, observing spirometry and oxygen saturation. A retrospective analysis from the notes was also done. The groups were evaluated in preoperative and 2nd postoperative (spirometry, oxygen saturation, physic examination and graduated pain scale).The physiotherapy group received chest physiotherapy in recuperation post anaesthetic. Results: There is no evidence to support a significant difference between control group and physiotherapy group analyzing spirometric values, expiratory peak flow and oxygen saturation. The oxygen saturation improves after physical therapy (p=0,029). But this improve can\'t kept until second postoperative. The period in hospital, surgery duration, graduated pain scale and postoperative pulmonary complications were analyzed but there was not significant difference between groups. Conclusions: Spirometry was not able to show a possible worst in pulmonary function on the second postoperative. The oxygen saturation reached similar numbers to preoperative post chest physiotherapy. In immediate postoperative chest physiotherapy do not cause pain to the patient
Eidėjienė, Audra. "Stuburo stabilizavimo pratimų efektyvumas pooperaciniu tarpslankstelinių diskų išvaržų laikotarpiu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060509_125704-61768.
Full textСавченко, Б. А., and Ю. Н. Сусол. "Профилактика послеоперационной тошноты и рвоты при лапароскопических операциях в гинекологии с применением эпидуральной анестезии." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/42100.
Full textLopes, Paula Juliano 1985. "Relação dos níveis de magnésio sérico e encefalopatia hepática no período imediato ao transplante de fígado = Correlation between serum magnesium levels and hepatic encephalopathy in immediate post liver transplantation period." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309655.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: O transplante de fígado é um procedimento complexo que interfere em múltiplas funções do organismo podendo ocorrer complicações de diversas dimensões. Estudos revelam porcentagens variadas de complicações do sistema nervoso entre 8 - 47% dos casos e podem incluir encefalopatia, problemas cerebrovasculares, infecções e neurotoxicidade induzida por imunossupressores, sendo que a maioria destes casos ocorre na primeira semana de pós-operatório.. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a relação entre o valor de magnésio sérico e o desenvolvimento de encefalopatia no período imediato ao transplante de fígado. Para realizar a pesquisa, foram coletados dados dos pacientes e doadores presentes em prontuários médicos de pacientes que tenham sido submetidos a transplante de fígado nos anos de 2007 a 2009. Os valores dos níveis de magnésio sérico dos sete primeiros dias de internação foram comparados com a referência laboratorial presente nos resultados revelados pelo laboratório do Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp. O critério de West Haven foi usado para classificar se o paciente apresentava ou não encefalopatia hepática. Verificou-se que apenas o valor do magnésio no pós transplante foi o risco para que ocorresse a encefalopatia hepática (p = 0.0489). Quanto menor o valor do nível de magnésio sérico maior foi o risco de ocorrência de encefalopatia hepática (RR = 3.718; IC95% : 1.001-13.699). Como conclusão verificou-se a importância da hipomagnesemia como fator preditivo do aumento do risco de aparecimento da encefalopatia hepática no pós transplante imediato de fígado
Abstract: Liver transplantation is a complex procedure that interferes in multiple body functions and complications can occur in several dimensions. Studies have shown varying percentages of the nervous system complications from 8 to 47% of cases and may include encephalopathy, cerebrovascular problems, infections and neurotoxicity induced by immunosuppressive drugs, with the majority of these cases occurs in the first week after surgery. The objective was verify the correlation between the level of serum magnesium and the development of encephalopathy in the immediate post transplant period. To conduct the survey, the donor's and receptor's data from patients submitted to liver transplantation were collected in the medical transplant patients' records from 2007 to 2009. The levels of serum magnesium to in the first seven days of hospitalization were compared with the reference laboratory results by the Clinical Hospital of Unicamp. The West Haven criteria was used to classified if the patient have or not hepatic encephalopathy. It was found that only the levels of serum magnesium in post transplant was the risk for hepatic encephalopathy occurrence (p = 0.0489). The lower value of magnesium increased the risk of hepatic encephalopathy (RR=3.718; IC95% : 1.001- 13.699). In conclusion, we verified the importance of hypomagnesemia as predictive factor for hepatic encephalopathy increasing after liver transplantation
Mestrado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Mestra em Ciências
Souza, Ana Mara Morais de. "Avaliação da eficácia clínica da complementação trans-cirúrgica da bupivacaína no controle da dor pós-operatória em cirurgia de terceiros molares inferiores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-16012013-102548/.
Full textThe postoperative pain control is a subject of great interest since pain interferes in the quality of life of patients. The use of long-term local anesthetics, may reduce this symptom. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of bupivacaine complementation in controlling postoperative pain in patients undergoing third molars surgeries. Through this placebo-controlled clinical trial were performed 80 bilateral symmetrical mandibular third molar surgeries (2B classification of Pell & Gregory) in 40 healthy patients. In one side of jaw, the anesthetic blockade was performed preoperatively period in a randomized and double-blind manner with 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200.000 epinephrine (Neocaína ®). At the end of surgery, a complementary dose was performed with the same anesthetic (experimental group or test). On the opposite side (control group), the procedure was similar to performed in the experimental group but complemented by placebo (saline) through the method of split mouth. Pain and analgesic consumption were assessed for 72 hours of postoperative period, and the pain was considered the primary outcome variable of the study. There was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) for evaluated parameters and between patients. Therefore the trans-complementation of bupivacaine in surgical control of postoperative pain not statistically significant when compared to bupivacaine complemented by placebo.
Molina, Fabiana Murad Rossin. "Cuidado de enfermagem ao receptor de transplante de fígado no período pós-operatório: revisão integrativa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-19022015-184444/.
Full textPerforming liver transplantation is the only option, in the absence of clinical and surgical alternatives, when the patient is suffering from acute or chronic liver disease. Nursing care for the liver transplant recipient is complex and relevant at all stages of the process. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the evidence available in the literature on nursing care for the liver transplant recipient in the postoperative period. The integrative review method was selected to conduct the study. The primary studies were searched in PubMed, CINAHL and LILACS, and the sample consisted of 12 primary studies. The primary studies were grouped into two categories: A) physiological changes of liver transplant recipients in the postoperative period (n=7) and B) reported experiences and emotional changes of liver transplant recipients in the postoperative period (n=5). The deepen knowledge and guided by recent evidence of physiological changes in the different systems of the human organism and of the reported experiences and emotional changes of liver transplant recipients allow nurses preparing the planning of nursing care based on the real needs of the patient and of the family. Besides these aspects, the knowledge provides the implementation of targeted interventions for the prevention, reduction or control of the complications that can affect the patient in the postoperative period. In the analysis of all evidenced results of the primary studies included in the integrative review, it is inferred the need for investments in conducting research directed to the nursing care of the liver transplant recipient due to a lack of studies in (international and national) literature, especially those that may investigate interventions that can be implemented in clinical practice to prevent, minimize and/or control the physiological and emotional changes of the patient, contributing to the improvement of nursing care and thus for a successful treatment
Abdo, Tatiana Regina Teles. "Impacto da sinusectomia funcional endoscópica na qualidade de vida de pacientes com imunodeficiência comum variável e rinossinusite crônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-05052011-143730/.
Full textPatients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are susceptible to recurrent bacterial infections, of which rhinosinusitis is one of the most prevalent. Although many patients experience clinical improvement with gamma-globulin replacement therapy, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains an issue. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is indicated in the treatment of CRS when clinical treatment options have been exhausted. Few studies have assessed the impact of FESS in the treatment of CVID patients with CRS. This prospective study describes the impact of FESS on quality of life in 16 patients with CVID and CRS undergoing immunoglobulin replacement therapy, assesses endoscopic and clinical changes (symptom intensity) between the preoperative period and 1-year follow-up, and evaluates postoperative reductions in antibiotic use and overall improvement of CRS symptoms. The Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20) was used for assessment of quality of life. Symptom intensity was scored on a visual analog scale (VAS), and the LundKennedy and Lund-MacKay scores were used in endoscopic and CT assessment respectively. At one-year follow-up, SNOT-20 scores had significantly improved from baseline (total score, 2,52±1,05 (range, 1,50-4,40) vs. 1,92±1,40 (0,70-3,55), p=0,008; five most important items, 4,10±1,35 (2,60-5,00) vs. 2,90±1,75 (1,20-4,60), p=0,003). Also at one-year follow-up, 62.5% of patients reported clinical improvement and 25% reported no perceivable difference in symptoms, whereas 12,5% felt worse than at baseline. Reductions in antibiotic use were achieved in 68.8% of patients. Comparison of pre- and postoperative clinical complaints (nasal obstruction, nasal discharge or congestion, facial pain) and endoscopic findings showed statistically significant differences. These findings suggest that patients with CVID and CRS experience significant improvement in quality of life, symptoms, and endoscopic abnormalities within one year of FESS, as well as reduced antibiotic use and overall improvement in rhinosinusitis-related clinical manifestations
López, Delgado Juan Carlos. "Estudio observacional de variables clínicas de pacientes operados de cirugía cardiaca y evaluación de su influencia sobre el pronóstico vital." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/290985.
Full textThe clinical variables in patients undergoing cardiac surgery(CS) are associated with prognosis in the short and long-term scenario in terms of mortality and morbidity. Five main areas of research are discussed: cirrhosis, Acute Kidney Injury(AKI), ratio of arterial partial pressure/oxygen fraction of inspired oxygen(PaO2/FIO2), arterial blood lactate levels(LA) and Body Mass Index(BMI). In the cirrhotic patient undergoing CS central venous pressure was an independent factor associated with hospital mortality, whereas a high SAPS III and lower urine volume during the first 24h were predictors of long-term mortality. The MELD score (sensitivity(S):85.7%;specificity(E):83.7%)and SAPS III(S:83.3%;E: 64.9%)showed the best predictive power in the short and long term scenarios, respectively. Overall survival(n=59)was worse with the degree of liver disease(82.4% for Child A, 47.6% for Child B and 33.3% for Child C;P=0.001). The pathophysiology associated with cirrhosis should be taken into account when referring these patients to CS. The development of AKI in the postoperative period was 14%. We identify a longer cardiopulmonary bypass time(CPB), a greater need for vasoactive drugs and greater LA at 24h after ICU admission as predictors of AKI. Worse survival was associated with a greater degree of AKI according to the modified RIFLE scale: 74.9% for the Risk group, 42.9% for the Injury group, and 22.3% for the Failure group(P<0.001)(mean follow up 6.9±4.3years). The latter two were independently associated with increased mortality. Developing strategies for the prevention of AKI is essential to improve their incidence and also the survival after CS. The PaO2/FIO2 can be useful for identifying patients with poor prognosis in the immediate postoperative period. Lower values at 3h after admission to ICU are most useful in terms of prediction of mortality. There was also a greater intra-ICU mortality and respiratory complications with PaO2/FIO2<241 at this time. It was also associated with worse in-hospital survival compared with PaO2/FIO2>241(88.8%vs.95.8%;P=0.002.Adjusted Hazard ratio(AHR):1.48;95% CI:1293-1786;P=0.004). A higher LA(>3.0mmol•L-1)is associated with poor prognosis after CS. The presence of an LA>3.0mmol•L-1 was a predictor of hospital mortality(OR:1.468;95% CI:1.239-1.739;P<0.001)and for long-term mortality(HR:1.511;95% CI:1251-1825;P<0.001). A history of recent myocardial infarction(AMI)and a longer CPB time were predictors of higher LA. The dynamic pattern of LA was similar in survivors and non-survivors but with higher values in non-survivors(repeated measures ANOVA,P<0.001). Also, the area under the curve was higher in non-survivors(80.9±68.2vs.49.71±25.8mmol•L-1•h-1;P=0.038). This might suggest a similar pathophysiology for LA but higher production in non-survivors. Those patients who had LA>3.0mmol•L-1 and its peak was at 24h after ICU admission had worse survival(79.1%vs.86.7-89.2%;P=0.03)compared with those who had their peak on admission, at 6 or 12 h postoperatively. Obesity influences significantly stratification risk of CS. However, some studies have showed better survival in the obese population compared to normal BMI population. After adjusting for confounding factors using propensity score, a worse oxygenation and better nutritional status, reflected by a lower PaO2/FiO2 and higher albumin levels, was showed in patients with higher BMI. Obese patients showed increased risk for perioperative AMI(OR:1.768;95% CI:1035-3022;P=0.037)and sepsis (OR:1.489;95% CI:1282-1997;P=0.005). There was no difference in hospital mortality between groups, although overweight patients showed better survival at one year compared to the normal population (91.2%vs.87.6%;P=0.029). However, our results do not support the obesity paradox, which may be the result of bias in different published studies. The improvement of the knowledge of clinical variables in the immediate postoperative period becomes a tool to help physicians in making decisions and influencing the survival of the patients who undergo CS. Undoubtedly, better prognostic accuracy implies an improvement in establishing the degree of resources by each patient. Indeed more accurate long-term prognosis has obvious and important advantages, both from the clinical and social point of view.
Razera, Ana Paula Ribeiro. "Video educativo como estratégia de treinamento para cuidadores de crianças com fissura labiopalatina em pós-operatório de queiloplastia e palatoplastia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-13062017-114041/.
Full textObjective: to analyze the information achieved by informal caregivers of children with cleft lip and palate about the postoperative care after lip and palate repair, by the utilization of an educational video. Method: randomized clinical study, conducted on 80 caregivers of children with isolated cleft lip and palate submitted to lip and/or palate repair surgeries, comprising two groups, study (G1) and control (G2). Data were collected during hospitalization of children at three stages, namely pre-training, training and post-training. At pre-training, a screening questionnaire was applied containing questions related to sample characterization (G1 and G2) and identification of information on the postoperative care after lip and palate repair of the participants. Then, the following instruments were applied: Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults, Beck Depression Inventory, Nonverbal Intelligence Test and Bourden Interview Scale, for both groups, to identify the behavioral profile of caregivers. On the second stage, the caregivers received training with information about the care required by the child during the postoperative period. Individuals in G1 were trained by a constructed and validated educational video about the postoperative care after primary lip and palate repair surgeries, individually exhibited to the caregivers. Individuals in G2 received routine postoperative counseling by the nursing staff from the hospital. At post-training, the screening questionnaire addressing the information provided was again applied to both groups, aiming to identify the pattern of information achieved about the postoperative care and to compare the results. Statistical analysis was performed by the chi-square, Fishers exact, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and McNemar tests, all at a significance level of 5%. Results: both groups exhibited improved information about the postoperative care at post-training. However, G1 exhibited higher level of information about the postoperative care after lip and palate repair by utilization of the educational video, compared to G2. Conclusion: considering the post-training achievements in the pattern of information for the study group, compared to the control group, the educational video constructed and validated for the present study presented to be an educational tool that enhanced the knowledge about the management of postoperative care after lip and palate repair.
Milano, Jeronimo Buzetti. "Estudo das alterações em exames de ressonância magnética de pacientes em pós-operatório imediato de ressecção de tumores hipofisários por via transesfenoidal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-22062010-125138/.
Full textImaging after intracranial surgeries is difficult to evaluate because usual changes often simulates pathological findings, such as edema and residual tumors. Emerging technologies of intraoperative magnetic resonances lead to a greater interest on understanding usual findings, in order to avoid unnecessary revisions. The objective of this study was to establish normal postoperative findings on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) after resection of pituitary tumors through endonasal transsphenoidal approach, as well as determine parameters of radical resection, thus optimizing intraoperative images. Forty patients (22 microadenomas and 18 macroadenomas) operated on the Instituto de Neurologia de Curitiba for pituitary adenomas through endonasal transsphenoidal approach were evaluated by dMNRI before, within the first 24 hours and after three months of the surgery. T1-weighted images on coronal plane, 3mm slices were performed before and on every 90 seconds after rapid injection of the paramagnetic contrast (gadopentetate dimeglumine GdDTPA). Findings analyzed at early postoperative dMRI were: lateral displacement of the pituitary stalk, hyperintense intraselar material, position of the diafragma selae (as classified by Hardy, for supraselar extensions) and the pattern of contrast enhancement: 1. no enhancement, 2. peripheral ring, 3. nodular enhancement and 4. combined peripheral and nodular. At late postoperative MRI, the regression of early findings was noted, as well as the presence of a residual tumor. This late was confirmed by hormonal essay or hystopathological examination (reoperation). Findings were first described as prevalence (%), and then related to the presence or not of a residual tumor at late postoperative MRI. Displacement of the pituitary stalk was noted in 95% of cases (90,9% in microadenomas, and 100% in macroadenomas). Hyperintense intraselar material was found in 77,3% of microadenomas and 100% of macroadenomas (87,5% of all cases). Supraselar extension remained unaltered in 16 of 18 cases (88,9%). Pattern of enhancement was type 1 in 90,9% of the microadenomas, with only two cases (9,1%) with peripheral ring. Of the macroadenomas, 66,7% had type 1 pattern, 5,5% type 2, 16,7% type 3 and 11,1% type 4. At late postoperative MRI, the hyperintense material disappeared in all cases, with the pituitary stalk returning to the midline in 81,8% of the cases. Five patients had residual tumors, confirmed by hormonal essay in two cases, and re-operated (with hystopathological confirmation) in three. Of these, three had type 4 pattern of enhancement, and two had type 3. When the nodular enhancement, alone or combined, was correlated with the presence of a residual tumor, the association was of 100%. The other findings described should be considered normal findings
Kortchmar, Estela. "A experiência de reganho de peso após a cirurgia bariátrica: um enfoque fenomenológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-23112018-155901/.
Full textIntroduction: bariatric surgery stands out as the most effective method in the long-term treatment of obesity, leading to significant remission of diseases associated with overweight. However, the results of the surgery are not always long lasting. It is estimated that 20% to 30% of the people who undergo the bariatric surgery will regain weight after the first two years. Aim: to understand the experience of weight regain to people who were subjected to bariatric surgery. Method: qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, conducted in a public hospital of Sao Paulo. The sample was composed of 17 participants who presented weight regain after bariatric surgery. To collect the data, an open interview was used with the following guiding questions: How is it to you, to notice yourself gaining weight again? What do you believe is contributing to your weight gain? How do you deal with the weight regain? How do you see yourself in a few years, in relation to your body weight? The organization and analysis of the interviews were conducted following the steps recommended by scholars of the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Results: the typical action experienced by people with weight regain after bariatric surgery showed up as one that: assigns the weight regain to an emotional instability that leads them to difficulties in the control of eating behaviour; states that stress, anxiety and loneliness contributes to weight regain; associates the recurrence of overweight to anatomical changes related to the surgery; expresses feelings of defeat, guilt and sadness; points out physical and mental consequences arising from the weight regain; fears gaining too much weight and losing control; report excessive alcohol consumption; has the expectation of controlling the weight gain in order to positively impact the quality of life, thus, requires multidisciplinary support for issues regarding weight regain; intend to undergo another bariatric surgery and a plastic surgery to improve self-esteem. Conclusions: the findings illustrate how the phenomenon of weight regain is complex in its bio-psycho-emotional aspects and requires an individualized and qualified attention, welcoming of the subjective issues experienced by those who were submitted to a bariatric surgery and are going through a situation of weight regain. It is believed that the discussion on this research reinforces the need of the healthcare teams to invest on a follow-up of bariatric patients, based on an intersubjective relationship that respects and considers the other, sharing decisions and contributing to the patients becoming active in the production of their health and partners in the success of reaching and maintaining their desired weight.
Leme, Alcino Costa. "Estudo comparativo entre duas estratégias de ventilação mecânica, protetora e convencional, no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-06092016-163210/.
Full textBACKGROUND: Intra-operative lung-protective ventilation may reduce pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery. The protective role of a reduced tidal-volume (VT) has been established within this scenario, whereas the added- protection afforded by alveolar-recruiting strategies remains controversial. METHODS: In a prospective, controlled trial, we randomly assigned 320 high- risk adults presenting hypoxia afie r cardiac surgery to receive either an intensive alveolar-recruitment strategy (Intensive-RS) or a moderate alveolar- recruitment strategy (Moderate-RS), in addition to protective ventilation with small-v-. The maneuvers were applied shortly before extubation, without changing intraoperative care. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, which was assessed daily, till hospital discharge. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics and intra-operative procedures were similar between the two study-arms. Postoperative pulmonary complications, computed during the whole hospital stay, were significantly reduced in patients assigned to Intensive-RS (P = 0.002). Severe pulmonary complications occurred in 28 patients (17.8%) receiving Intensive-RS versus 47 patients (28.8%) receiving Moderate-RS (OR = 0.54; 95%CI:[0.32-0.91]; P = 0.02). The duration of hospital- stay was reduced from a mean of 12.4 days in the Moderate-RS to 10.9 days in the Intensive-RS (P = 0.037). The proportion of patients with hypoxemia at room air and who needed supplemental oxygen was lower in the Intensive-RS (59% versus 77%, P = 0.001). Also, the number of patients meeting strict criteria for noninvasive ventilation was lower in the Intensive-RS arm (4% versus 15% in the Moderate-RS, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A more intensive alveolar-recruitment strategy applied in hypoxemic patients after cardiac surgery may have long lasting benefits in pulmonary function, reducing postoperative complications and shortening the hospital stay
Araújo, Marleny Novaes Figueiredo de. "Tratamento cirúrgico da doença de Crohn:estudo comparativo entre desfechos precoses após laparoscopia primária, laparoscopia repetida ou laparoscopia após laparotomia na recidiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-11052017-160736/.
Full textIntroduction: the use of laparoscopy in Crohn\'s disease (CD) had its beginning in the 90s, despite the possible challenge of technical difficulty that the complex or recurrent CD could impose to its realization. Numerous studies over the decades of 90 and 2000 showed laparoscopy in recurrent CD to be feasible compared to laparoscopy for primary CD, and have also shown the benefits of laparoscopic compared to open conventional surgery in patients with recurrent CD. However, there were no studies on surgical outcomes after repeated laparoscopic resections. Objective: 1. to evaluate postoperative short-term results regarding surgical treatment of CD, comparing patients who underwent a second laparoscopic bowel resection and patients without prior surgery. 2. to compare the same postoperative results among patients who underwent a second laparoscopic bowel resection patients and patients undergoing laparoscopic resection with history of prior intestinal resection by laparotomy. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis from prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing laparoscopy for treatment of CD in Hospital Beaujon, France, between 2005 and 2010, was performed. The outcomes analyzed were: conversion to open surgery, operative time, intraoperative inadvertent enterotomy, morbidity, need for re-intervention (surgical or radiological) and length of hospitalization. Results: 18 patients with previous laparoscopy (group A), 90 patients without previous surgery (group B) and 26 patients with previous laparotomy (group C) were included. In our main analysis, comparing the groups A and B, groups were similar in respect to demographic data, except number of complex cases in group A (83.3 vs 46.7%; p = 0.005) and type of surgery performed (p < 0.001). As for the results, operative time was significantly longer in group A (180 minutes vs. 150 minutes; p = 0.013). Conversion rate, inadvertent enterotomy, morbidity, need for re-intervention and hospital stay were similar between groups. In our second analysis, between groups A and C, there was no significant difference between groups regarding the same variables. Conclusion. In spite of a longer operative time, a second laparoscopic resection guarantees the same benefits seen in a primary laparoscopic bowel resection. The same benefits are kept compared to patients who underwent prior bowel resection by laparotomy, especially when in the hands of experienced staff
Scabim, Veruska Magalhães. "Adesão ao seguimento nutricional ambulatorial pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - SP - Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-21062012-144438/.
Full textIntroduction: Obesity is a global chronic disease with increasing incidence during the past decades and has become one of the major public health problems in the urban societies. The surgical intervention, or bariatric surgery, has been considered as an effective treatment of the severe forms of obesity and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has been the commonest surgical procedure worldwide, including in Brazil. The long term outpatient postoperative follow up after bariatric surgery by a multidisciplinary team has been recommended to all individuals submitted to RYGB because it is a major surgery which can cause complications such as nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, nutritional assessment in the postoperative period is an important component of the follow up. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of adherence to outpatient postoperative nutritional follow up after bariatric surgery and to analyze the association between adherence and selected factors in a group of moderately obese with comorbidities and morbidly obese adults who underwent RYGB. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data from hospital records of 241 adults of both sexes who were submitted to RYGB by the Unified Health System between 2006 and 2008 at the Hospital das Clínicas - Medical School, University of São Paulo. It was considered adherent the individuals who attended four or more nutritional appointments in the first 12 months after surgery. To estimate the association between adherence to postoperative nutritional follow up and factors such us age, sex, marital status, education, employment status, distance between home and hospital, strategies for weight loss in the preoperative period, body mass index (BMI) in the immediate pre-surgical, presence of comorbidities and duration of hospitalization after surgery, were calculated the Prevalence Ratios (PR) and the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI); for the adjusted analysis, Poisson multiple regression was used. Results: The study population was characterized by the predominance of women (80.9%), the mean age of 44.4 years (±11.6), the mean of preoperative BMI of 47.2kg/m2 (±6.16) and 78.4% of participants presented one or more comorbidities. Living with partner was reported by 51.5% of the population, 41.9% had incomplete primary education level, 50.9% had no paid work, 44.7% lived at a distance of up to 16km to the hospital and 11.6% were hospitalized for six or more days after surgery. The prevalence ratio of adherence in this population was 56.0% (95% CI 49.7- 62.3). Multivariate analysis revealed that only length of hospital stay greater than or equal to six days was associated with adherence to nutritional follow up in the postoperative period (PR=1.46 95% CI 1.15-1.86). Conclusions: The prevalence of adherence found in this population was similar to those of international studies, but less than the minimum prevalence of 75% recommended for services to be recognized as a bariatric surgery center of excellence. Individuals who were hospitalized for longer than six days after surgery were significantly more adherent to the nutritional follow-up. This may have happened because they had longer contact with the multidisciplinary team which may have contributed to increase their perception of disease severity and the need for long term health care, and consequently, it may have led to higher assiduity to the nutritional appointments
Wakassa, Taís Bugs. "Análise do sucesso clínico da angioplastia infrainguinal em função do seu resultado imediato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-05112013-124259/.
Full textPurpose: to evaluate the impact of the initial result of Percutaneous angioplasty (PA), objectively assessed with duplex-ultrasound, in the two-years clinical outcome. Methods: Between February 2007 and April 2011 thirty-nine patients with femoropopliteal atherosclerotic disease successfully treated by PA were included (40 limbs). One patient had both limbs treated in different occasions, and was considered as 2 cases for analysis. All patients had critical ischemia with rest pain and ischemic ulcers due to infrainguinal obstructions alone. The patients were submitted to duplex-ultrasound examination on the day before and on the first or second day after the procedure. Peak systolic velocities (PSV) was recorded in the anterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular arteries at the level of distal third of the leg. All patients were followed for 2 years. Comparison between good and bad groups were based on VPS, including the perioperative gradient (GPSV) of the artery with highest variation and the mean of the VPS in the 3 arteries. After 2-years good result were defined as good when the patient had no pain and complete healing of a previous ulcer or minor amputations. It was considered as bad result when a second intervention was required or when unhealed lesions were present at the end of the 2-year period. Results: Mean age was 68,5 ± 8,1 years-old. In 26 cases the long-term result was good. Healing time ranged from 4 to 111 weeks (median 21.5). Bad long-term results were observed in 14 cases. Three lesions had persisted unhealed despite patent angioplasty. One case has ulcer recurrence at 24 months appointment. In 10 cases a second procedure was carried out (redo angioplasty in 6 and bypass in 4). TASCII A/B registered better clinical success then TASCII C/D (p<0,05) at 1-year follow-up but not at 2-years (p=0,11). Two-year limb salvage was 92,5% ± 4,2%. Primary patency was 62,5% ± 7,7% in 2-years. GVPS was 44,4 cm/s (highest artery) and 21,9 cm/s (mean PSV) in success group. GVPS was 45,3 cm/s (highest artery), and 24,7cm/s (mean VPS). The quality of the initial result, as measured by GPSV, was not associated with a good or bad long-term success (p>0,05). Conclusion: once the procedure was successfully performed, the degree of increase in flow is not related to the long-term durability and ulcer healing