Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Posted price'

In this thesis, I focus on the purchasing environments of eBay’s online platform and Christie’s live auctions. In chapter 2, I investigate the presence of seller squeeze-shilling behaviour on eBay’s smart-phone auctions. First, I present theoretical proofs to show that opportunistic sellers have the robust incentive to place shill bids in their own auctions, under both a private-valuation and an affiliated-valuation paradigm. Then I empirically prove the existence of squeeze shilling on the eBay platform. My findings show that the eBay proxy bidding system and the user agreement of retraction provides an excellent environment for opportunistic sellers to conduct squeeze shilling and extract extra profits. In chapter 3, I examine consumer herding behaviour in eBay posted-price listings using data from the iPhone screen protector market. I find that the cumulative number of total historical sales shown on the listings page is the essential trigger of herding behaviour. I find that, for listings with the advantage of the ‘herding effect’, the sellers of these listings have the incentive to manipulate the purchasing environment by increasing the posted price to extract extra profits. In chapter 4, I investigate the determinants of bidder’s valuation in wine auctions at Christie’s. I estimate the bidder’s valuation distribution using an indirect inference approach. I find that the parameter, wine score, is the crucial structural parameter that characterizes the bidder’s valuation distribution. By using the structural estimator, I estimate the optimal reserve price for each auction and simulate winning bids and find that the reserve price set by Christie’s is not optimal.

This thesis covers some algorithmic aspects of online machine learning and optimization. In Chapter 1 we design algorithms with state-of-the-art regret guarantees for the problem dynamic pricing. In Chapter 2 we move on to an asynchronous online learning setting in which only some of the agents in the network are active at each time step. We show that when information is shared among neighbors, knowledge about the graph structure might have a significantly different impact on learning rates depending on how agents are activated. In Chapter 3 we investigate the online problem of multivariate non-concave maximization under weak assumptions on the regularity of the objective function. In Chapter 4 we introduce a new performance measure and design an efficient algorithm to learn optimal policies in repeated A/B testing.

This dissertation contributes to the literature and current discussions on the European postal markets and the universal service obligations (USO). It consists of three independent chapters.

In chapter one, we investigate the consumers' preferences for various kinds of postal services. As such, we begin by reviewing the market and regulatory conditions for Europe and for our case study, Belgium. Then using data provided by the incumbent provider, the Belgian post (Bpost), we estimate demand price elasticities. The data comprises customer transactional information on letter mail, direct mail, parcels & express services, press delivery and value added services for the 2008-2009 period. These categories constitute not only the important lines of services that Bpost offers to its clients but also the main segments that constitute the whole Belgian postal market. As such, and using standard methods, we estimate for each service an equation that explains demand by prices, product varieties (i.e. mixes or combinations of volume, weight, priority and destination, inter alia), income, regulation proxies and other socioeconomic variables. The estimated price elasticities for regulated and partially regulated services are around -1.1, whereas for unregulated segments they fluctuate between -2.1 and -2.8. The lowest price elasticity is obtained for direct mail services (-1.0); the highest ones are associated with value added services (-2.1) and registered mail (-3.3). Price elasticities may be influenced by the cyclical effects during the period of analysis. Therefore, elasticities are higher when compared with the empirical evidence obtained for other countries and through the various methodologies applied over the last decades. The fact that technological substitutes, such as expenditures on telephony and internet access for daily and administrative mail services and, radio and television advertising for direct mail services, could not be accounted for (because there were no data available) may however be considered as a major limitation for the scope of our results.

In the second chapter, we explore theoretically the effects of the USO on unregulated markets. In particular, we are interested in investigating its welfare effects when the provision of services cannot be technologically separated. We present a model in which there is an incumbent who provides two services: a universal service and a non-USO service, the latter opened to competition. This is the case of letter mail and direct (or bulk) mail, services which have quite different purposes and regulatory frameworks (i.e. the former is fully regulated whereas the latter is liberalized under the current European Internal Market framework), but are jointly produce at some stages of the postal value chain. The USO is simplified to two dimensions, affordability and quality, implemented as a price cap and a minimum quality standard (MQS) for the provision of letter mail services. The latter involves the technological aspects that we are interested in. We find that the definition of the USO plays an important role in organizing markets that are open to competition. When it imposes few quality requirements (low MQS), the incumbent is not cost efficient enough to provide the high-quality variant of bulk mail, allowing its competitors to cream-skim the segment. However, because there are cost economies, the firm's participation in the segment yields a higher average quality of mail services at lower prices. When the USO is too comprehensive (high MQS), the incumbent exhibits large cost economies that ensure a dominant position in the provision of bulk mail services. Consumers are worse off as competition induces too much service differentiation in order to make profitable the provision. Relaxing the definition of the USO mitigates the competitive advantage of the USP and so, yields improvements in welfare. In the absence of access costs, firms will find profitable to participate in the bulk mail segment. However, foreclosure happens if the USO induces the incumbent to exhibit significant fixed costs. Therefore, the USP may end up as the sole supplier of bulk mail services if the definition of the USO imposes too many quality requirements (high MQS). In that case, the authority must balance the welfare gains of defining USO with the welfare losses of the consumers of the contested service.

Finally, in the third chapter we consider the ownership aspect of the provision of universal services as an incentive to introduce competition. One can further segment the provision between services for customers located in high-cost areas and services for customers located in low-cost areas. Additionally, under the current EU legislation, the supply is divided between upstream activities (e.g. collection and sorting) and downstream activities (i.e. delivery). The provision of upstream activities in high-cost areas remains in hands of the incumbent firm or the owner of the downstream (delivery) network. The upstream provision in low-cost areas is open to competition, but a retailer may be vertically integrated/separated or legally unbundled with the downstream firm. Legal unbundling means, in our model, that the downstream firm and one upstream firm located in the low-cost area belong legally to the same entity entitled to all profits, whom does not have full control rights over the firms' decisions. That is to say, upstream activities and the downstream services will be managed separately under the same ownership. In this framework we analyze the firm's boundaries in terms of competition development and welfare. We implement two criteria to answer questions like, does vertical separation promotes competition (entry of firms) while covers a larger demand than vertical integration? Does vertical integration demand less public funds to cover demand? Does legal unbundling is worse than ownership separation to promote competition? The first criterion is the probability of entry (of the potential upstream firm), which we determine for each modes of ownership. The second criterion is the cost of public funds. It is implemented by defining a loss function as the difference between the expected consumer surplus when the downstream firm chooses an access fee that maximizes its profits and the consumer surplus when access is priced at marginal cost. The use of both criteria let us conclude that efficient entry occurs when the downstream firm is vertically separated or legally unbundled of the retailer providing services in the low-cost area. However, it is under legal unbundling that the access charge takes its lowest value. The highest cost of public transfers is obtained when firms are vertically separated, but the lowest one is attained when firms are legally unbundled. Therefore legal unbundling constitutes the preferred organizational form to induce competition and to reduce the cost of public funds.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Les progrès conjoints de l'informatique mobile et des technologies de communication sans fil ont permis l'émergence d'un nouveau type de terminal, à la fois mobile et communicant. D'abord possibles au sein de réseaux cellulaires, des échanges peuvent à présent être réalisés directement entre des terminaux physiquement proches. L'objectif de cette thèse est de s'appuyer sur la mobilité constatée des terminaux pour permettre la représentation de leur voisinage physique, c'est-à-dire l'ensemble des terminaux à portée de communication, en dépit des différents profils, tant du point de vue de leurs mouvements que de leur portée de communication. Notre approche s'articule selon deux axes principaux. Nous présentons tout d'abord un protocole de détection permettant la représentation des relations de voisinage. Nous proposons ensuite une méthode de cadencement automatique de l'émission des messages de ce protocole en fonction de la mobilité relative des terminaux voisins.

Cette these repose sur l'analyse ergonomique du controle d'un processus chimique continu, en situation nominale. Elle repond a une demande sociale relevant, d'une part, de l'impact des technologies de traitement de l'information pour la conduite de process et d'autre part, des interrogations en matiere d'organisation du temps de travail. Dans ce contexte, la supervision peut donc etre caracterisee par la predominance des activites mentales et le recours au travail en equipes (travail poste). Du point de vue cognitif, elle consiste a anticiper l'evolution du systeme et a se tenir pret a agir a tout moment, en se referant a la representation de l'etat du systeme construite en debut de poste. Du point de vue chronopsychologique, certaines composantes de ces activites varient en fonction des horaires de travail. Notre but est de montrer que la supervision resulte de l'interaction entre les contraintes chronobiologiques et les exigences cognitives differentes lors de la prise de poste et de la surveillance. Les prises d'information, support de l'activite des controleurs en salle de controle, ont ete relevees en continu pendant 18 factions de 8 heures, de jour comme de nuit. L'analyse revele la specificite de la prise de poste au niveau quantitatif (pic prononce de consultations se prolongeant pendant au moins 90 mn) et qualitatif (recours privilegie a certains formats de page-ecran). Quant a la surveillance, variable en fonction du niveau de vigilance, elle repose sur une forte selection de l'information privilegiant les etapes critiques de la fabrication. Elle se partage aussi entre une anlayse globale et/ou detaillee de la situation. En bref, la supervision en situation nominale temoigne de l'interaction entre les contraintes cognitives de l'activite, les rythmes circadiens et la fatigue liee a la duree du poste. Nous en proposons un modele depassant la sinusoide classique des chronobiologistes trop restrictive pour rendre compte de toutes les variations observees
This thesis focused on the ergonomic analysis of supervisory activity in a continuous chemical process, on normal operation. It is based on a social request including the impact of new technologies in dynamic process control and assesments of working time. In such a context, the process supervision implies mental activities and shiftwork. From a cognitive viewpoint, it requires the anticipation of the system evolution and to be prepared to act constantly. This supposes to refer to a mental representation of the process, elaborated at the beginning of the shift. From a chronopsychological viewpoint, some components of these mental activities vary according to working hours. Our purpose is to understand the supervision organisation, and to show the interaction between chronobiological constraints and the different cognitive demands of shift takeover or supervisory activity. As essential supports of activity, controllers information gatherings were recorded on line, in the control room, over 18 night and day shifts. The results revealed the shift takeover specificity from quantitative (high rate of consultations carried on over the first 90 minutes) and qualitative viewpoints (variations in the proportions of the different screen pages format according to the shifts). During the supervisory activity (last five hours of work), the rate of information consulted varied according to the level of vigilance. They implied an important selection of information based on critical manufacture stages. They could also correspond to a global or/and a detailed analysis of the situation. To sum up, on normal operation, the supervision attested to the interaction between activity cognitive constraints, circadian rhythms and strain due to the shift duration. We then proposed a model exceeding the classical sinusoid of chronobiologists, too restricted to account for all the variations observed

What happens when an art museum decides to investigate the 'legacies of empire' through an explicitly colonial collection? And what happens when the 'outsider' asked to do this research holds an investigative mirror up to the museum's own history and cultural practices? This thesis presents findings from practice-led collaborative research into Manchester City Galleries' (MCG) collection of Empire Marketing Board (EMB) posters. The Empire Marketing Board (1926-33) was an early experiment in British peacetime governmental propaganda. 222 of its artist-designed posters were collected by Manchester's City Art Gallery in the 1930s as examples of art's benefit to industry but have remained little known or used since. This study of them used an innovative methodology, based on a rich mix of anthropology, museological theory, visual analysis, historical investigation and community consultation, to revisit their history, ascribe new meaning to their significance and examine their interpretive potential from a postcolonial perspective. The posters' contextual history was situated in theoretical terms amongst what Tony Bennett (1995a) has described as an 'exhibitionary complex', however, the meanings that they generated when re-presented through this research, suggested that this context still influences understandings of them. This thesis describes a series of new relationships developed between the EMB poster collection, MCG and its public today. It presents a broadly expressive understanding of the posters in their current, postcolonial context, revealing rich insights into their meaning-making potential. Yet, it also highlights a contradiction that staff working in art museums face when attempting to approach colonial histories from a postcolonial perspective. It brings attention to the restrictive tensions that condition understandings of material culture representing colonial 'self' identity and reveals 'invisible' aspects of institutional culture and identity that impeded engagement with this research. Overall, this thesis concludes that the 'legacies of empire' encountered in this research actually lay within 'ourselves', demonstrated through articulations and individual negotiations of colonial traces within an art museum context. What happens when an art museum decides to investigate the 'legacies of empire' through an explicitly colonial collection? And what happens when the 'outsider' asked to do this research holds an investigative mirror up to the museum's own history and cultural practices? This thesis presents findings from practice-led collaborative research into Manchester City Galleries' (MCG) collection of Empire Marketing Board (EMB) posters. The Empire Marketing Board (1926-33) was an early experiment in British peacetime governmental propaganda. 222 of its artist-designed posters were collected by Manchester's City Art Gallery in the 1930s as examples of art's benefit to industry but have remained little known or used since. This study of them used an innovative methodology, based on a rich mix of anthropology, museological theory, visual analysis, historical investigation and community consultation, to revisit their history, ascribe new meaning to their significance and examine their interpretive potential from a postcolonial perspective. The posters' contextual history was situated in theoretical terms amongst what Tony Bennett (1995a) has described as an 'exhibitionary complex', however, the meanings that they generated when re-presented through this research, suggested that this context still influences understandings of them. This thesis describes a series of new relationships developed between the EMB poster collection, MCG and its public today. It presents a broadly expressive understanding of the posters in their current, postcolonial context, revealing rich insights into their meaning-making potential. Yet, it also highlights a contradiction that staff working in art museums face when attempting to approach colonial histories from a postcolonial perspective. It brings attention to the restrictive tensions that condition understandings of material culture representing colonial 'self' identity and reveals 'invisible' aspects of institutional culture and identity that impeded engagement with this research. Overall, this thesis concludes that the 'legacies of empire' encountered in this research actually lay within 'ourselves', demonstrated through articulations and individual negotiations of colonial traces within an art museum context.

La prévention et la gestion des risques est l'un des verrous scientifiques les plus importants qui se posent actuellement. Les systèmes d'aide à la décision représentent l'une des solutions la plus appropriée pour ce type de problème. Cependant, la plus part des systèmes proposés jusqu'à présent sont dédiés à des cas particuliers et sont peu ou pas adaptables à de nouveaux sujets d'études et ne supportent pas suffisamment les situations complexes. Notre travail de recherche se place dans ce cadre et plus particulièrement dans le domaine de la gestion des risques majeurs. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une modélisation et une structuration d'un système multiagent d'aide à la décision pour la détection et la gestion des risques dans des situations d'urgence. La particularité de ce système est qu'il est flexible et partiellement générique, de façon à ce qu'il puisse être adapté et appliqué à des applications diverses dans des domaines variés. De plus il est adaptatif, ce qui fait qu'il peut changer son comportement de façon autonome afin de s'adapter au changement de son environnement. Dans notre démarche, il est indispensable d'effectuer divers tests de validation sur des applications relativement variées. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons choisit d'appliquer notre approche sur un scénario de crise à travers le projet-concours de RoboCupRescue
The topic of risk prevention and management is a relevant research issue raised by the scientific community currently. Decision support systems represent an appropriate solution to deal with this kind of problem. However, the majority of the systems proposed so far are addressed to particular cases and are not sufficiently adaptable to new subjects of studies, and do not support complex situations sufficiently. Our research work addresses this challenge and focus specifically on the major risks management. In this thesis, we propose a modelling and a structuring of a multiagent decision support system for detecting and managing risks in emergency situations. The system is flexible and partially generic, so it can be adapted and applied to different applications in various domains. To validate our approach, we need to make diverse tests on relatively varied applications. In the framework of this thesis, we choose the RoboCupRescue project as a test bed

Le but de cette thèse était de mesurer l’impact du poste sur la détection, l’entrainement et la sélection des joueurs de handball de haut-niveau. Les études 1 et 2 avaient comme cadre la détection des joueurs. L’objet de l’étude 1 était de mesurer l’amplitude des différences entre les performances physiques, les dimensions corporelles et la maturité selon les postes de jeu et la latéralité de jeunes joueurs. Les résultats ont montré que les profils de chaque poste étaient importants pour orienter les joueurs vers le (les) postes dans l’optique de la pratique du handball de haut-niveau et qu’il fallait tenir compte de la latéralité des joueurs. La seconde étude avait pour but de savoir si des différences de tailles et de poids existaient entre les postes et les niveaux de jeu en utilisant une large population de joueurs de haut-niveau. Nos résultats ont montré qu’il y avait de la place pour les joueurs avec des profils atypiques dans le handball de haut-niveau mais que les différences entre chaque poste étaient importantes. Les études 3 et 4 concernaient la formation des joueurs. La troisième étude, une revue de littérature, constituait une analyse complète des demandes techniques et des exigences physiques pour la pratique du handball masculin de haut-niveau. Au vu de ces résultats, il apparaît que le poste de jeu devait être systématiquement pris en compte dans l’analyse de l’activité et que l’entrainement devait être spécifique aux postes. Le but de la quatrième étude était de simuler les effets d’une altération de détente verticale pour des ailiers sur leur réussite au tir selon 3 modalités différentes : sans aucune contrainte (condition contrôle), en prenant appui sur une marche de 20 cm et avec un gilet lesté de 5% du poids de leur corps. Les résultats suggéraient qu’une augmentation immédiate du temps de vol des ailiers ne se traduisait pas par une amélioration substantielle de l’efficacité au tir. Par ailleurs, l’effet du temps de vol sur cette efficacité était variable selon les postes. Le dernier article de la thèse, sur la sélection des joueurs, devait déterminer si le trimestre ou le semestre de naissance dans une catégorie d’âge de 2 ans influençait la sélection des handballeurs de haut-niveau ainsi que leur temps de jeu, tout en considérant les postes et la latéralité des joueurs. Les conclusions montraient qu’il faut tenir compte des postes dans l’analyse des effets de l’âge relatif. Le poste de jeu au handball à des conséquences sur les exigences locomotrices et physiologiques, sur les profils anthropométriques et locomoteurs mais aussi sur l’entrainement et la sélection des joueurs. C’est ainsi un paramètre (parfois sous-estimé) qu’il faut absolument prendre en compte dans le handball de haut-niveau
The objective of this thesis was to assess the impact of playing position on detection, training and selection in male elite handball. Studies 1 and 2 investigated talent identification. The purpose of this first study was to measure the magnitude of the differences in physical performance, body dimensions and maturity with regards of the playing position and laterality in young selected players. Physical and anthropometrical profiles were important to guide players to the playing-positions where they could make the elite level and that it is important to consider the laterality of the players. The objective of the second study was to determine if differences in body dimensions exist between playing positions and playing standards, using a large population of elite players. The large amplitudes in body dimensions for each playing position showed that there are some opportunities for players with atypical morphology in elite handball, but that the differences between each position are important. The fourth and fifth articles aimed on training with regards of playing position. The fourth study, a literature review, provided a comprehensive analysis of technical and physical demands of male elite handball. It appears that playing position should be systematically taken into account in game analysis. The purpose of the fourth study was to measure the effects of 3 different modalities on the flight time during shoot from the wing position and on their scoring percentage. Three different modalities was applied any constraint (control condition), build on 20 cm step and with a weighted vest corresponding to 5% of their body weight. These results suggested that increasing flying time of wing player did not result in a substantial improvement in the scoring percentage. Furthermore, the effect of the flying time on the scoring percentage is playing-position dependent. With the latest study we tried to determine whether trimester or semester of birth in a 2 years category influenced the selection of elite handball players and their playing time with regard of the playing position. Results suggested that it was paramount to consider playing positions in analyzing the effects of relative age. In handball, playing positions affect locomotor and physiological demands, anthropometric and physical profile but also the training and the selection of the players. In overall, playing position is a parameter (sometimes underestimated) that must absolutely take into account in elite handball

Cette these s'inscrit en recherche appliquee (cifre avec la societe gys a st berthevin en mayenne). La necessite de respecter les normes edictees par la directive cem 89/336/cee transposee en droit francais en 92, a conduit les entreprises a mener conjointement une strategie d'amelioration de leurs produits deja commercialises, et la recherche de nouvelles technologies mieux adaptees. La societe gys a ainsi souhaite ameliorer dans un premier temps, sa gamme de chargeurs de batteries a convertisseurs bf, puis dans un deuxieme temps, a decide de developper un nouveau convertisseur a decoupage hf, de technologie avancee, applicable aux postes de soudure electrique et transposable ensuite aux chargeurs de batteries. Le premier chapitre concerne les chargeurs bf dont le convertisseur est une association gradateur a commande par la phase-transformateur-redresseur. _ une premiere strategie est proposee, elle consiste a optimiser le couple rapport de transformation-retard a l'amorcage pour respecter au mieux les limites d'emissions specifiees dans la norme nfen 61000-3 section 2, concernant les harmoniques de courants appeles au secteur. Plusieurs propositions sont etudiees, dont l'usage d'un dispositif de commutation de sorties multiples du transformateur, autorisant une meilleure adaptation pour le respect des limites en classe a ou d. _ une deuxieme strategie, a la fois de structure et de commande est egalement proposee. Elle utilise un module de base, constitue d'un ensemble gradateur a commande en trains d'ondes entieres-transformateur-redresseur. Selon la tension batterie, des modules sont associes en nombre adapte, avec une strategie d'entrelacement, conduisant a une reduction significative de la puissance deformante, donc des harmoniques et sous harmoniques de courant. La section 3 de la norme precedente (flicker), est bien sur prise en compte. Une etude d'optimisation est conduite. Le deuxieme chapitre concerne la r&d et l'industrialisation, d'un nouveau convertisseur a frequence de decoupage elevee (100 khz), a transformateur ferrite et technologie de montage en surface des s. C. De puissance (smi). L'application est le poste de soudure electrique. Une recherche par simulation interactive, a ete menee. Elle consiste a affiner les modeles utilises a partir de mesures reelles conduites sequentiellement sur le prototype industriel, dans un souci d'optimisation rapide et pragmatique. Le resultat obtenu se traduit par un convertisseur a puissance massique tres concurrentielle. Le troisieme chapitre est consacre a l'adaptation du convertisseur hf aux chargeurs de batteries, et pose les fondements du chargeur intelligent en presentant de maniere critique, les differents types de batteries, les algorithmes de charge, ainsi que les testeurs utilises.

This diploma thesis is focused on piece production of the component and its subsequent assembly. It is an interchangeable spindle head marked VA1 from the product portfolio of TOS KUŘIM - OS, a.s. The aims of the diploma thesis include the characteristics of the assigned component, the subsequent analysis of the current manufacturing and assembly process. In the price calculations chapter, the direct and indirect input costs for the part production are quantified. Proposals to improve production were presented to the company and offered for possible implementation.

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Esse artigo analisa os determinantes do preço do combustível gasolina. Atualmente a gasolina é utilizada por aproximadamente 60% dos veículos leves no Brasil e tem uma parcela relevante no consumo das famílias, portanto é preciso que o consumidor conheça profundamente como funciona o mercado desse produto, desde o produtor até o consumidor final, e principalmente que saiba como é formado o seu preço. O artigo busca então compreender quais são os determinantes do preço de revenda do combustível gasolina no mercado brasileiro e também entender por que ocorrem divergências nos preços dentro de uma mesma cidade.
This article analyzes the determinants of the price of gasoline fuel. Currently, gasoline is used by approximately 60% of light vehicles in Brazil, and has a significant share of household consumption, so it is necessary for the consumer to know deeply how the market of this product works, from the producer to the final consumer, and especially knows how its price is formed. The article then seeks to understand the determinants of the price of gasoline fuel in the Brazilian market, and also to understand why there are divergences in prices within the same city.

Ce travail introduit une approche de conception des postes robotisés axés sur les contraintes intrinseques et extrinseques des taches. Ce document expose nos reflexions sur la fonctionnalité d'une preadaptation hors ligne, par le truchement de la configuration physique du poste. Nous montrons que des (hyper)ellipsoides d'équiprobabilite de pose ou de compliance résultent des paramètres structuraux et des propriétés articulaires du robot. De ces deux enveloppes ellipsoidales, nous définissons un indice de conformité robot-tache. Il rend compte de la convenance entre le robot et la tache, pour chaque posture articulaire. Cette étude introduit également l'utilisation de l'anisotropie naturelle du robot qui est habituellement considérée comme un handicap. Un modèle de representation précisera les bornes du domaine pour lequel le robot possède des caractéristiques propices à l'exécution de la tache: butée d'adaptation à la tache, à respecter dans le domaine articulaire. Pour une tache isolée, on l'exploite par le modèle géometrique direct de la structure inversée. Mais le contexte est souvent multitaches. Au-dela des contraintes propres aux taches, la disposition relative de celles-ci en impose de nouvelles interlaches cette fois, et dans les grands déplacements. Nous suggerons deux solutions, pour une localisation adaptée du robot dans un environnement multitaches, ou les situations des taches seraient prédéterminées. De nouvelles définitions, conférant une valeur opérationnelle au volume de travail utile de la norme, sont introduites à cet effet
This document introduces an approach to the design of robot workstations based on the intrinsic and extrinsic task constraints. It presents our reflexions concerning the off-line "preadaptation" function through physical configuration of the workstation. We show that (equi-probability) Chyper)ellipsoids having (of) equi-probability of pose or compliance result from the structured parameters and the joint properties of a robot. From these two ellipsoïdale envelopes, we define a robottask conformity index that expresses its adequecy for jointpostures. He also introduce the utilization of the robot's natural (anisotropie), generally considered as a handicap. A representation madel will give the limits of the domaine for which the robot possesses the required charecteristics to execute the task, i. E. The joint limits not to surpasse for task adaptability. For an isolated task, the direct kinematics of the inverted structure is used to exploit this representation madel. However, production often takes place in a multi-tasking context. Here, apart from the constraints specifie to the tasks, new inter-task constraintes in the space of large solid body motions are imposed depending upon the relative situations of the tasks. We propose two solutions to the design of an adapted robot localization in a multi-tasking environment of rigidly predetermined tasks. New definitions are introduced to this end. They provide practical means to apply the standardized concept of a useful workspace

Building Technology project deals with the processing of the necessary documents and documentation for implementation shell of the building of the Academy of Sciences in Prague Dejvice. At the beginning of the technical report on the building technology project, which provides basic information about the construction. Content is the solution of the building construction site by the financial, structural and technological and time. Construction technology solution is based on monolithic work.

This master thesis deals is processed constructive technological project new construction of residential house in Trnave.Master is thesis includdes model of the building site accessories, technology procedure, time schedule, financial heftiness ,check and test plan, budget ,occupational safety.

This master’s thesis deals with construction of the gross building of new building of learning complex FEKT VUT in Brno. It contains the design of earthworks, underground setting piles, monolithic structures and isolation of the building for further construction. Construction and technological project includes technical report, time and financial plan of construction, study of the implementation of major technological stages of site preparation, budget of facilities, technological regulation to solved stages, inspection and test plan of monolithic structures, health and safety plan and energy label of objects.

My diploma thesis solves an extension of rehabilitation centre. The building technological project in this diploma thesis contains primarily technology procedure, model of the building site accessories, time schedule, check and test plan and budget for this extension. Specialization is drawn from the field of structural engineering - thermal and technical assessment of the building.

The proposal is for new construction of a road bridge over the highway.Three options of solutions were proposed but only the option of connected girder slab beam of six fields was selected. This variant was assessed by static calculation. Static calculation is processed in accordance with European standards. Another important part of this thesis is also drawings, visualization, technical report and construction procedure.

The subject of my diploma thesis is the construction-technological project of apartment house in Dvůr Králové nad Labem. Thesis is focused on the most optimal technological procedures of foundation construction on deep foundations and total external insulation by external thermal insulation composite system. Regulations are supplemented by inspectional and trial plans, appropriate machinery and equipment of assembly site. Included is also work safety, time schedule and budget of substruture. The most interesting thing of my thesis will be model of the noise load on the surrounding objects resulting from the construction of apartment house which will the proposed appropriate measures of noise control.

This master thesis deals is processed constructive technological project of realization factory and storage building in Znojmo. Master is thesis includdes model of the building site accessories, technology procedure, time schedule, financial heftiness ,check and test plan, budget ,occupational safety.

The subjekt of my bachelor thesis is the construction technological project of the new complex of three buildings Campus residential area II located in Brno - Bohunice. The diploma thesis includes technological regulations of piles and cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor. Technological regulations are supplemented by draft of the suitable machinery, equipment of construction site and inspectional and trial plans for these processes. The author also deals with work safety, time and financial plan, budget of substructure and plan for securing material resources. The thesis also addressed work contract and detailsof the roof structure.

The diploma thesis is dealing with selected parts of construction technology project of modernization the oldest and the most busiest highway D1 – tract 21 near Velká Bíteš. This thesis leads to solve the problem of highway reconstruction during the unrestricted traffic . Project is divided into constituent phases. I have designed phase time-schedule, the most important machine schedule and the traffic leading scheme. There was chosen one particular tract and there were designed following documents: detailed time-schedule, material supply plan and structure process scheme. In addition the following documents have been designed: technological method of concrete highway layers, inspection and test plan, a situation of building equipment, technical report of the object, health and safety solution.

This masters dissertation deals with the preparation and realization of a road bridge recontruction in the Vlkoš village. The introduction of this thesis contains basic information about the structures of the construction. Execution of main technological stages is addressed in construction technological study. The thesis also includes a coordinational site-layout of the construction, design of site equipment, design of the main construction machines and mechanisms, time and financial schedule, construction workers deployment plan, plan of achines usage. In my thesis I deal mainly with the supporting construction of the bridge. For these stages i implemented technological directives in addition of Inspection and check plan. Safety and protection of health durink work is also addressed. I also worked out the technical report of the constuction sites facilities including the needed drawings.

The subject of this diploma thesis are chosen parts of building technological project of pursuance of the factory building Massag in Fulnek based on the metal bearing structure. This diploma thesis contents study of realization of main technological process of the hall, financial and time plan of building, project of construction site installation, budget of the construction, time planning of works, inspection and test plan, the project of safety and protection of health at work, technological regulation of building metal bearing structure.

Masters thesis is engaged of chosen parts of technological-buildig project of administrativ and housing complex of Sochorova in Brno, Žabovřesky. Contains technological-buildig study of first phase with brief description of advancement of construction with grafical scripts of particular steps, timetable and pecuniarytable of objects AB3, AB4, diagrams with various possibilities of using operatives. Thesis continous with calculation of entire first phase and item budged of object AB3(draft construction), statement of masurement, technical report of construction-technological AB3, plan of situaction of the building, technological manual of reiforced concrete ceiling of AB3 including plan of planking parts PERI, timetable, design of construction site equipment with technical report, proposal of machineries and crane, plane of inspections for chosen items, ecology and report about safety and health protecting on construction site.

És una investigació, anàlisis, i aproximació a l’obra gràfica de l’artista mallorquí, del segle XX, Pere Quetglas, conegut pel pseudònim de “Xam”. La seva activitat s'ha sistematitzat sobre la base la biografia, tècniques treballades i el seu entorn. Xam, es va exercitar en la caricatura, el dibuix, el cartell, el gravat xilogràfic, la pintura, els monotips, la serigrafia i en el gravat calcogràfic. Del conjunt de tota la seva producció l’autor se centra en l'obra gràfica produïda a partir de 1944, quan pot datar-se la seva primera xilografia, i la seva defunció, l’any 2001, en el qual realitza la seva última litografia. El treball s'insereix en un àmbit sense tradició immediata sobre l'obra gràfica a Mallorca, pràcticament desapareguda després de la important impremta Guasp. S'han pogut documentar més de 400 matrius. Alhora, s'han treballat les estampacions d'aquestes, que ascendeixen a 600 estampes calcogràfiques, xilogràfiques, serigràfiques i litogràfiques.
Es una investigación, análisis, y aproximación a la obra gráfica del artista mallorquín, del siglo XX, Pedro Quetglas, conocido por el seudónimo de “Xam”. Su actividad se ha sistematizado en base a la biografía, técnicas trabajadas y a su entorno. Xam, se ejercitó en la caricatura, el dibujo, el cartel, el grabado xilográfico, la pintura, los monotipos, la serigrafía y en el grabado calcográfico. Del conjunto de toda su producción se centra en la obra gráfica producida a partir de 1944, cuando puede datarse su primera xilografía, y su fallecimiento, en 2001, en el cual realiza su última litografía. La tarea se inserta en un ámbito sin tradición inmediata sobre la obra gráfica en Mallorca, prácticamente desaparecida tras la importante imprenta Guasp. Se han podido documentar más de 400 matrices. A su vez, se han trabajado las estampaciones de estas, que ascienden a 600 estampas calcográficas, xilográficas, serigráficas y litográficas.
The thesis is research, analysis and approach to the graphic work of the Majorcan artist of the 20th century, Pedro Quetglas, known by his pseudonym "Xam". Xam worked in several art fields, such as caricature, drawing, designing and painting posters, woodcut, painting, monotype, serigraphy and calcography engraving. From the sum of his work the thesis is centred in the graphic work produced between 1944, when we can date the first xylography, and his death, 2001, when he finished his last lithography. The task was inserted in a field without immediate tradition on the graphic work in Mallorca, which practically went missing after the important Guasp printing house closed down. It has been possible to document more than 400 blocks and, at the same time, the prints of those which add up to 600 prints on chalcography, xylography, serigraphy and lithography.

碩士
國立中央大學
通訊工程學系
103
Cognitive radio is a well-known communication paradigm that can significantly improve spectrum utilization by allowing the cognitive radio users (unlicensed users) to dynamically utilize the licensed spectrum. Studying efficient spectrum allocation mechanism is urgent due to this situation. In this paper, we consider a cognitive radio network consisting of a primary spectrum owner (PO), multiple primary users (PU) and multiple secondary users (SU). We propose a sequential posted-price auction mechanism (SPA) for spectrum sharing in cognitive radio networks where the SUs bid to buy spectrum bands from the PO who acts as the auctioneer, selling idle spectrum bands to make a profit and consider a more general and more realistic case where channels have different qualities. Also, SUs are allowed to express their preferences for each channel separately. That is, each SU submits a vector of bids, one for each channel and purchase the spectrum bands under their own budgets. This mechanism will proceed by the Linear Programming Relaxation (LPR) to achieve the high efficiency of the spectrum allocation which involves the economic properties and the budget limit. Finally, we will show some results to show what performance in terms of utility, revenue and social welfare between our work and the previous.

Diploma thesis called ?Poster communication and its didactical potential in art education? examines practical procedures of art techniques used in an art education at a university. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with a didactical material in an art education which is connected with a visual aspect of posters in present and past. Practical part of the thesis include creation of five graphical posters for university students who use those technics. These posters can be also used by teachers in art education.

The theoretical part deals with the development of Art within the school practice throughout the time and social context (these aspects are essential for the development and the existence of the periodicals); the art periodicals and significant figures. The practical part explains the term poster. Its main task is to summarize the development of Art periodicals.

The topic of this diploma thesis is illegal work and its persecution. Unconditional predisposition for discussion about this topic is an analysis and definition of dependent work. Therefore, this problematic is discussed in the first - introductory chapter of the presented text. In the following chapter the author is concerned with illegal work and its forms. The accent is put especially on administrative delict of enabling of illegal work, its legislative development in the past years and the role of negative law-maker - the Constitutional Court correcting the sanctions given for this administrative delict. The third chapter focuses on administrative delicts related to illegal work that are included in the Act of Employment and Act on State Labour Inspection. The last chapter is dedicated to illegal work in the context of the whole Czech legal system, which means on the commercial law, criminal law, tax law and statutory deductions level. In the summary the findings acquired in the prior chapters are concluded and the author expresses his opinion on the possible future development of regulation of illegal employment in the Czech Republic.

The topic of this diploma thesis is the illegal work and its persecution, whereas the main goal is to point out and analyze the most important institutes relating to the illegal work, to identify the relevant legislation and to point out problematic issues of the regulation and its application. The text is systematically divided into three main chapters, in particular the field of dependent work, illegal work and finally the sanctioning of illegal work. The introductory chapter of this thesis deals with dependent work, the definition of which is a necessary condition for further interpretation of illegal work and its persecution. After a brief introduction to the legislative history and the legal definition of this term, the particular characteristics of the legal definition and, subsequently, the conditions of performance of dependent work are discussed. Further, the case law of the Supreme Administrative Court and the related additional characteristics of the dependent work which the court has defined beyond the legal definition are mentioned. The second chapter finally deals with the main topic of the thesis which is the illegal work. After defining the legal definition of illegal work and a short reminder of its legislative development, the further text is divided according to the different...

Os serviços postais têm registado uma tendência negativa na Europa e em Portugal devido à substituição latente do correio físico por meios de comunicação eletrónica. Por outro lado, apesar da diminuição do volume no setor do expresso e encomendas, este é considerado uma das principais fontes de potencial crescimento devido à proliferação do e-commerce. Em 2013, em resultado de determinadas ações impostas pela Comissão Europeia, pelo Banco Central Europeu e pelo Fundo Monetário Internacional, o Estado Português foi obrigado a privatizar um largo conjunto de ativos por si , onde se incluíam os CTT. Neste contexto, e no quadro da privatização dos , CTT a solução definida para esta Empresa foi a de fazer uma Oferta Pública Inicial onde a empresa passaria a estar cotada no mercado bolsista Português (EURONEXT Lisboa). O presente projeto visa, analisar e definir o intervalo de preço de ação que deveria ser apresentado aos investidores e, posteriormente, avaliar se o preço da ação oferecido é abaixo do preço justo, como defendido pela literatura. A análise do caso CTT baseia-se numa metodologia assente na valorização do negócio através da análise dos fluxos de caixa descontados e através de uma análise de empresas e transações comparáveis no setor. No caso vertente, atingiu-se um intervalo de preço [€4.5;€7.9] que compara com o intervalo definido pela Empresa e pelos seus assessores financeiros [€4.1;€5.5]. Tendo em conta os resultados obtidos e posterior evolução do preço no mercado, há evidência de que o fenómeno da subavaliação do preço da ação dos CTT verificou-se.
The shipping and mailing services have registered a negative trend in Europe and in Portugal due to a latent substitution of the physical mail for electronic communication channels. On the other hand, besides the volumes decrease on the express and parcels sector, this is considered one of the main sources of potential growth due to e-commerce proliferation. In 2013, as a result of several measures imposed by the European Commission, the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund, the Portuguese Government was obligated to privatize a set of assets held by itself, where CTT was included. In this context, and in CTT’s privatization scenario, the solution defined for this Company was to make an Initial Public Offering (IPO) where the Company would become publicly traded in the Portuguese stock market (EURONEXT Lisbon). The present project intends to analyse and establish analyse and define the range price that should be offered to investors and, subsequently, assess if the share price offered is below the fair price, as argued by several literature The analysis of CTT’s case is based a methodology of establishing the Company’s operation value throughout a discounted cash flow approach and by an analysis of comparable firms and past transactions in the sector. In the present case, there was reached a range price of [€4.5;€7.9] which compares with the range price settled by the Company and its financial advisers [€4.1;€5.5]. With the results obtained and the subsequent stock price evolution on the market, there are evidences that the IPO underpricing phenomenon of CTT’s stock price has occurred.

This thesis focuses on designing a method to assess work by people with disabilities on woodworking machines. Firstly, the disability itself was analysed to give us an overall picture of the issue: the distribution and restrictions of the disability, legislation, state support, and research into sheltered and social & therapeutic workshops. The next part focuses on procedures to create a safe working environment, to ensure occupational safety, ergotherapy and diagnostic methods used to determine the extent of the restrictions resulting from the disability. The main part of the thesis proposes a methodological approach that will enable the establishment of the conditions under which a person with a disability can safely perform predetermined machining work. The method has been practically verified in the sheltered workshop ‘V růžovém sadu’, where it enabled a worker with a disability to perform machining work.

The aim of this graduation theses is a creation of comprehensive set with exemplars for vector graphics using by pupils of second-degree primary school, primarily working with graphics objects and exemplars verification in practise. Particular exemplars are worked up in training papers designed for pupils and methodical paper for trainers. The CD source files with particular exemplars and other helpful handout are part of this graduation theses.