Relevant bibliographies by topics / Postal service Great Britain History

Academic literature on the topic 'Postal service Great Britain History'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Postal service Great Britain History"

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Rawson, Peter F., Adrian W. A. Rushton, and Martin I. Simpson. "Raymond Charles Casey. 10 October 1917—26 April 2016." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 68 (March 11, 2020): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2019.0050.

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Raymond Casey was an internationally recognized expert in two entirely different fields—geology and philately. He achieved this despite leaving school at 14. By then he was already collecting and studying fossils from his home town, Folkestone, and in 1939, despite not having a degree, he obtained a post with the Geological Survey of Great Britain in the modest role of assistant to C. J. Stubblefield. After war-time service in the RAF, he returned to the Survey in a similar role, but spent much of his ‘spare time’ researching and publishing on Lower Cretaceous palaeontology and stratigraphy. His fortunes began to change when, at the age of 38, he was admitted to Reading University to study for a doctorate. His thesis on Lower Greensand stratigraphy and palaeontology was recognized as an outstanding study that led to major publications including a nine-part monograph of the ammonite faunas. Then, in the late 1950s, he also began to study faunas from Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary beds in eastern England as part of his official work and this led to him visiting the Soviet Union on several occasions from 1963 onward. On the first visit he met the academician Nalivkin in Leningrad, who, as well as being an eminent geologist, was a keen philatelist. This led to Raymond taking an enthusiastic interest in pre-revolutionary Russian postal history, which resulted in numerous publications and awards and, after his retirement, became his main focus of interest.
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Hochfelder, David. "A Comparison of the Postal Telegraph Movement in Great Britain and the United States, 1866–1900." Enterprise & Society 1, no. 4 (December 2000): 739–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/es/1.4.739.

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This article places the British and American postal telegraph movements in the broader context of a transatlantic reform tradition. More specifically, British nationalization in 1870 gave American reformers both a rallying point and a rationale for postalizing the telegraphs. The legacies of both movements were mixed. In Britain, the postal telegraph provided inexpensive and accessible service, but it soon ran a large deficit and retarded the development of the telephone industry. In the United States, reformers failed to nationalize the telegraph or to secure a place in historical memory, but they succeeded in pressuring Western Union to provide better service, and they provided the impetus for the municipal ownership movement of the Progressive Era.
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Fisher, Patty. "History of School Meals in Great Britain." Nutrition and Health 4, no. 4 (January 1987): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010608700400402.

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This paper describes the early origins of the school meals service, their rapid growth in the second world war, their post war development and their recent retrenchment. The factors contributing to their early success and the problems to be overcome are discussed.
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HUBARIEVA, Iryna. "Problems of improving real estate tax in Ukraine in the context of world experience." Naukovi pratsi NDFI 2021, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33763/npndfi2021.01.022.

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The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of real estate taxation of individuals in the countries of the world and to develop recommendations for its improvement in Ukraine. The features of taxation of real estate of individuals in the USA, Germany, Sweden, Poland, Bulgaria, Italy, France, Great Britain, Lithuania and others are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of taxation of real estate of individuals in the countries of the world are identified. Attention is focused on methods for determining the cadastral / assessed value of real estate for taxation. The necessity of reforming the system of taxation of real estate of individuals in Ukraine has been proved. The introduction of a cost approach to the appraisal of real estate in Ukraine requires a number of sequential actions: centralization of management and maintenance of the real estate cadastre in one state governing body; development of regulatory support for the creation and operation of the State cadastre of real estate, the mechanism and methods of state cadastral valuation; inventory of real estate objects with the assignment of a cadastral number; formation of the system of the State cadastre of real estate. The approaches to the establishment of tax exemptions on real estate of individuals in the countries of the world and in Ukraine have been investigated. In Ukraine, the basis for taxation of real estate of individuals should be the cadastral / assessed value of real estate with its gradual approach to the market value. The introduction of a cost approach to the appraisal of real estate in Ukraine requires: centralization of competences in one state governing body; development of regulatory support for the creation and functioning of the State cadastre of real estate, the mechanism and methods of state cadastral valuation; inventory of real estate objects with the assignment of a cadastral number; formation of the system of the State cadastre of real estate; taking into account the experience in the formation of the Land Cadastre, it is necessary to ensure the transparency of the tax on real estate of individuals through digitalization of tax services and administration processes (obtaining in electronic form a certificate of the cadastral / estimated value of property by cadastral number or postal address, paying tax for the Electronic Cabinet, having access to information on the procedure for calculating tax on each property, tax rates, the availability of benefits, debts, payment history, etc.). When levying a tax on real estate, it is necessary to assess feasibility of applying tax incentives in terms of differentiating the standard of living of the population in Ukraine in order to protect socially unprotected segments of the population. Property tax benefits for individuals should be linked to the cadastral / assessed value of the property by establishing a non-taxable minimum amount of the assessed value of the property and apply to only one residential property where the owner permanently resides.
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Shelton, Jon. "Undelivered: From the Great Postal Strike of 1970 to the Manufactured Crisis of the U.S. Postal Service." Labor 18, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15476715-9361639.

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TSAI, WEIPIN. "The Qing Empire's Last Flowering: The expansion of China's Post Office at the turn of the twentieth century." Modern Asian Studies 49, no. 3 (March 6, 2015): 895–930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x15000013.

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AbstractThe Great Qing Imperial Post Office was set up in 1896, soon after the First Sino-Japanese War. It provided the first national postal service for the general public in the whole of Chinese history, and was a symbol of China's increasing engagement with the rest of the globe. Much of the preparation for the launch was carried out by the high-ranking foreign staff of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, an influential institution established after the first Opium War.With a mission to promote modernization and project Qing power, the Imperial Post Office was established with a centrally controlled set of unified methods and procedures, and its success was rooted in integration with the new railway network, a strategy at the heart of its ambitious plans for expansion. This article explores the history of this postal expansion through railways, the use of which allowed its creators to plan networks in an integrated way—from urban centres on the coasts and great rivers through to China's interior.
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Fava-Verde, Jean-François. "Victorian telegrams: the early development of the telegraphic despatch and its interplay with the letter post." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 72, no. 3 (January 24, 2018): 275–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2017.0031.

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The paper examines the early development of the Victorian inland telegraph, and more precisely the telegraphic despatches, or telegrams, as they became widely known. The first telegram service in Britain was launched by the Electric Telegraph Company two decades before nationalization of the telegraphs in 1870. It is argued that this service was not as innovative as the electric telegraph technology that underpinned it. Attention is drawn to the parallels between the telegram and mail services. To this end, the evolution of postal communication is first explored, with a focus on the nineteenth century, when innovations such as mail-trains and prepayment by stamp considerably accelerated the mail and increased the volume of letters from 67 million in 1839 to a staggering 741 million in 1865. It was in this context that the telegram service was introduced to the public. The operating model adopted by the Electric Telegraph Company to deliver this service is deconstructed to show the similarities with the mail service and to demonstrate that a telegram was not always faster than letter post.
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Jacobson, Charles D., and Joel A. Tarr. "Patterns and Policy Choices in Infrastructure History: The United States, France, and Great Britain." Public Works Management & Policy 1, no. 1 (July 1996): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x9600100107.

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The United States, England, and France have used a variety of forms to deliver urban services and infrastructures over time. Historically, government has been the dominant factor in the delivery of infrastructures for which no user fee is charged, whereas a variety of forms have been followed when there are user fees. This article examines changing forms of service delivery systems in the areas of water supply, mass transportation, and electrical supply in the three nations. Alterations in the form of delivery have been shaped by institutional and cultural factors and unique national styles. All three nations have moved in the direction of privatization of service delivery, but their experience shows that although privatization can reduce government's role in areas where it is poorly suited, proper oversight and maintenance of competition are vital functions.
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TSAI, WEIPIN. "Breaking the Ice: The establishment of overland winter postal routes in the late Qing China." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 6 (July 22, 2013): 1749–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x13000012.

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AbstractThis paper looks at the establishment of experimental winter overland postal routes in the late 1870s and 1880s, which eventually led to the creation of the Great Qing Imperial Post Office in 1896. The history of this experiment sheds much light on important issues in the establishment of what was to become the country's most crucial information-bearing network, in particular those related to collaboration and negotiation between foreign and Chinese officials, and those between local interests and the central authorities. It also explores how foreign processes and management had to be adapted in order to function in a Chinese context.In March 1878, Robert Hart, inspector general of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, instructed Gustav Detring, commissioner of Tianjin Port, to investigate the possibility of introducing overland public postal routes in China, beginning with Beijing to Tianijn, Niuzhuang, Yantai, and then to Zhenjiang, a treaty port on the lower Yangtze River.The three main challenges involved were: to establish a reliable workforce, to design appropriate routes, and to win the cooperation of local governing officials. Although the winter service was initiated on time, problems repeatedly arose from each one of these challenges.
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Schwartz, Robert, Ian Gregory, and Thomas Thévenin. "Spatial History: Railways, Uneven Development, and Population Change in France and Great Britain, 1850–1914." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 42, no. 1 (June 2011): 53–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_00205.

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A comparative spatial history combining historical narrative, geographical thinking, and spatial analysis of historical data offers new perspectives on railway expansion and its effects in France and Great Britain during the long nineteenth century. Accessible rail transport in the rural regions of both countries opened new economic opportunities in agriculture, extractive industries, and service trades, helping to revitalize rural communities and decrease their rates of out-migration. In France, long-standing economic disparities between the developed north and the less-productive south gradually reduced. These conclusions are based, in part, on the use of historical geographical information systems (hgis) and spatial statistics, illustrating a component of spatial history.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Postal service Great Britain History"

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Mitchinson, Kevin William. "Auxiliary forces for the land defence of Great Britain, 1909-1919." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/622151.

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A number of books in recent years have analysed the reasons behind R.B.Haldane's radical decision to create a home defence auxiliary designed to replace the Militia, Yeomanry and Rifle Volunteers. Rather than cover again material which has already been extensively examined, this study concentrates on the formation of the several auxiliary bodies which were intended to assist the new Territorial Force in its defence of mainland Britain. The thesis also looks at the dynamics which, in 1914, prompted the spontaneous emergence of another, unofficial auxiliary, the Volunteer Training Corps. Regarded with disdain and contempt by the War Office, the VTC, later the Volunteer Force, was used by the political authorities as a means by which the civilian population could, without excessive government expenditure, be encouraged to take an active part in the defence of its country. The Volunteer Force developed into a recognized body of part-time auxiliary soldiers which became, in time, intimately involved with the workings of the tribunal system and with the concepts of total war and universal sacrifice. In contrast to the military authorities' distrust of the Volunteers, the Government decided that political expediency demanded it partially support and eventually fund the movement. Although awarded a post-war certificate of appreciation, the Volunteers were denied any real official recognition of their patriotism and commitment. Research into Britain's auxiliary forces of the early twentieth century has largely ignored the contribution of the National Reserve, Corps of Guides, Royal Defence Corps and the Volunteer Force: their existence has occasionally been acknowledged but there has been no adequate study of the role of these bodies in the context of what some historians regard as a nation-in-arms. An examination of government documents, the papers of individuals closely involved in home defence and, in particular, the minute books of the County Territorial Associations, has revealed a sometimes bizarre and occasionally bewildering picture of Government and War Office contradictions. By unravelling the nature and complications of the political and military difficulties involved in raising and maintaining Britain's auxiliary forces, this thesis attempts to develop recent research on the character, controversies and contribution of Britain's part-time amateur soldiers.
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Weiss, Victoria A. "Food and the Master-Servant Relationship in Eighteenth and Nineteenth-Century Britain." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984138/.

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This thesis serves to highlight the significance of food and diet in the servant problem narrative of eighteenth and nineteenth-century Britain and the role of food in master-servant relationships as a source of conflict. The study also shows how attitudes towards servant labor, wages, and perquisites resulted in food-related theft. Employers customarily provided regular meals, food, drink, or board wages and tea money to their domestic servants in addition to an annual salary, yet food and meals often resulted in contention as evidenced by contemporary criticism and increased calls for legislative wage regulation. Differing expectations of wage components, including food and other perquisites, resulted in ongoing conflict between masters and servants. Existing historical scholarship on the relationship between British domestic servants and their masters or mistresses in context of the servant problem often tends to place focus on themes of gender and sexuality. Considering the role of food as a fundamental necessity in the lives of servants provides a new approach to understanding the servant problem and reveals sources of mistrust and resentment in the master-servant relationship.
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O'Connell, Barry John. "British intelligence during the war against Napoleon, 1807-1815." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709285.

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Martin, Stephen. "Did your country need you? : an oral history of the National Service experience in Britain, 1945-1963." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683142.

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Gioe, David Vincent. "The Anglo-American special intelligence relationship : wartime causes and Cold War consequences, 1940-63." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708484.

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West, Kieran Martin. "Intelligence and the development of British grand strategy in the First World War." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609487.

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McElrea, Patrick D. "The office of the High Commissioner : Canada's public link to gentlemanly capitalism in the City of London, 1869-1885." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ29500.pdf.

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Innes, Mary Joan. "In Egyptian service : the role of British officials in Egypt, 1911-1936." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:88cb6bf9-c7ff-4da7-9875-1ff2890b341d.

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In 1919 the number of British officials employed by the Egyptian Government reached a peak of over 1,600, a substantial figure in relation to a colonial administration like the Indian Civil Service. However, due to the anomalous nature of Britain's occupation of Egypt, the workings of British administration there were left deliberately ambiguous. Thus although we have an extensive knowledge of imperial policy with regard to Egypt, we have little understanding of how British rule there actually functioned, certainly nothing to compare with numerous local studies of the Raj or Colonial Service at work. By studying the British administrators of the Egyptian Government, this thesis casts new light on Britain's middle years in Egypt, which saw formal imperial control succeeded by informal hegemony. We begin by analysing the Anglo-Egyptian administrative structure as a product of its historical development. We examine how well this muted style of administrative control suited conditions in Egypt and Britain's requirements there, considering the fact that by 1919 the British officials had become a major source of nationalist grievance. This loss of reputation caused the Milner Mission to select the British administration as a principal scapegoat in its proposed concessions. Moreover, it was the belief of certain leading officials that Britain's responsibility for Egyptian administration was no longer viable which finally helped precipitate the 1922 declaration of independence. The Egyptian Government now took actual rather than nominal control of its foreign bureaucrats, yet even in 1936, over 500 British officials were still employed in finance, security, and in technical and educational capacities. The changing role of these officials within an evolving mechanism of British control illuminates one of the earliest experiences of transfer of power this century.
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Lovering, Timothy John. "Authority and identity : Malawian soldiers in Britain's colonial army, 1891-1964." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1966.

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This thesis examines the experience of Malawian soldiers serving in Britain's colonial army between 1891 and 1964. Until recently, the experience of East African colonial soldiers in particular has been largely overlooked, and African soldiers in general have been perceived either as collaborators in the machinery of colonial oppression or, conversely, as victims at the hands of the military authorities. However, little attempt has been made to unify these two views of military service. Using Malawi as a case study, this thesis investigates social relations within the colonial army and examines perceptions of their often-violent role within wider colonial society. Developing and expanding upon previous scholarship, this thesis provides the first sustained and unified study of the colonial army in Malawi. The project is based principally upon archival sources in Britain and Malawi, but also draws upon interviews with British and Malawian veterans. Chapter one provides an overview of the institutional history of the Malawian forces. Chapter two outlines the development of recruitment policy, with special reference to the concept of 'martial races', and examines the motivations behind Malawian enlistment. Chapters three and four investigate the reactions of African soldiers to the formal military environment and to barrack life. Chapter five examines perceptions of soldiers' roles in warfare and internal security, and contrasts this with the place of soldiers in their own communities. The thesis highlights the extent to which Malawian soldiers were successfully co-opted by the military authorities, but also stresses the capacity of soldiers to influence the conditions under which they served. This, combined with the unusually long association which many Malawians had with the army, fed into a growing perception of the colonial army as a Malawian institution.
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Jakub, Joseph F. "Spies and saboteurs : Anglo-American collaboration and rivalry in human intelligence collection and special operations, 1940-1945." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670255.

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Books on the topic "Postal service Great Britain History"

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Wells, Edward. Mailshot: A history of the forces postal service. (London): Defence Postal & Courier Services, Royal Engineers, 1987.

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Garcia, Richard J. M. The British postal service in Morocco, 1749-1906. Pocklington, York: Postal History Society, 2009.

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Getting the message: The story of the British Post Office. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton, 1993.

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Ltd, Stanley Gibbons Publications. Rare stamps and postal history of the world: Featuring China Expeditionary Force collection, Great Britain 1840 ... 15 October 1999. London: Stanley Gibbons Publications Ltd., 1999.

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The Englishman who posted himself and other curious objects. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2010.

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A history of the post in England from the Romans to the Stuarts. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 1998.

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Masters of the post: The authorized history of the Royal Mail. London: Allen Lane, 2011.

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Daunton, M. J. Royal mail: The Post Office since 1840. London: Athlone Press, 1985.

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Royal mail: The Post Office since 1840. London: Athlone Press, 1985.

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Ben, Maile, and Great Britain Post Office, eds. First post: From Penny Black to the present day. London: Post Office, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Postal service Great Britain History"

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Bogdanor, Vernon. "The Civil Service." In The British Constitution in the Twentieth Century. British Academy, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263198.003.0007.

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This chapter examines the history of the civil service in Great Britain. It suggests that the revolution in Whitehall during the last two decades of the twentieth century transformed the civil service, and that many of the public utilities nationalised by the post-war Attlee government were privatised. Other major changes include the reduction in the size of the civil service and the application of market disciplines to it.
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Anderson, Clare. "The Making of an Eclectic Archive." In Locating the Medical, 151–68. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199486717.003.0007.

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This chapter takes a transnational and connected history approach to the papers of Surgeon-General J.P. Walker, who was employed in the Indian Medical Service in the nineteenth century. Upon his retirement he began the process of compiling a great dictionary that reflected his medical interest in eclectic and specific medicine. Despite the surprising elision of ‘India’ from the draft of his great medical dictionary, its incorporation of the medical knowledge of Africans and Indigenous Americans reveals the globality that underpinned his medical knowledge and practice. In this respect, a critical reading of the epistemology of Walker's archive enables a new understanding of the relationship between medicine in and of Britain, South Asia and North America during the nineteenth century.
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Bonner, Thomas Neville. "The Lives of Medical Students and Their Teachers (Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Century)." In Becoming a Physician. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062984.003.0007.

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The lives of students in all periods of history are difficult to recapture. Only scattered correspondence and occasional diaries can normally be found to give us a firsthand look at their experiences. Less satisfactory but still useful are the accounts of teachers, often written long after the events they describe, as well as the memoirs of former students, usually composed with nostalgia toward the close of their careers. Enough evidence does exist, however, to provide at least some glimpses into the student culture of past eras. In this chapter, we trace the social origins of medical students from about 1780 to 1820 and describe something of their lives in and out of the classroom as well as give some account of medical teachers and teaching of the same period. No more uncertain time in the life of a medical student can be imagined than the unsettled years after 1780. Both Europe and America were convulsed by war during much of the period and by fears of the spreading revolution in France. Students everywhere were being pressed into military service; academic enrollments dropped on both continents; and demands for military surgeons had become desperate. Deans and directors of medical schools pleaded with governments to spare their students from army service. In 1799, for example, the director of the French school at Montpellier asked his counterpart in Paris to join him in a last effort to save students from the huge call to arms of that year. Some medical schools were suddenly closed during the years of war; others were reorganized; and everywhere standards fell rapidly. Most of the small number of American schools were forced to shut down during the War for Independence and were then slow to reopen. In Great Britain, the hope of recruiting more medical students needed for war service was dashed by “the reality of low pay, lack of respect and the physical dangers facing most recruits.” In revolutionary France, the medical schools were officially closed early in the Revolution; the title of doctor was disdained by equalitarian reformers; and near chaos prevailed in the hospitals.
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