Relevant bibliographies by topics / Post tsunami reconstruction

Academic literature on the topic 'Post tsunami reconstruction'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Post tsunami reconstruction"

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MAGLIOLA, Robert. "Post Tsunami Reconstruction in Indonesia." IABSE Congress Report 17, no. 8 (January 1, 2008): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137908796292966.

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Knight, Jasper, and James R. Goff. "Coastal science for post-tsunami reconstruction." Holocene 26, no. 8 (July 28, 2016): 1334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683616638438.

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Aspinall, Edward. "Indonesia after the Tsunami." Current History 104, no. 680 (March 1, 2005): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2005.104.680.105.

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The post-tsunami relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction efforts … pose enormous challenges for a new government that inherits, and is partly a product of, a ramshackle and ineffective state apparatus.
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Koshimura, Shunichi, and Nobuo Shuto. "Response to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami disaster." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2053 (October 28, 2015): 20140373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0373.

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We revisited the lessons of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami disaster specifically on the response and impact, and discussed the paradigm shift of Japan's tsunami disaster management policies and the perspectives for reconstruction. Revisiting the modern histories of Tohoku tsunami disasters and pre-2011 tsunami countermeasures, we clarified how Japan's coastal communities have prepared for tsunamis. The discussion mainly focuses on structural measures such as seawalls and breakwaters and non-structural measures of hazard map and evacuation. The responses to the 2011 event are discussed specifically on the tsunami warning system and efforts to identify the tsunami impacts. The nation-wide post-tsunami survey results shed light on the mechanisms of structural destruction, tsunami loads and structural vulnerability to inform structural rehabilitation measures and land-use planning. Remarkable paradigm shifts in designing coastal protection and disaster mitigation measures were introduced, leading with a new concept of potential tsunami levels: Prevention (Level 1) and Mitigation (Level 2) levels according to the level of ‘protection’. The seawall is designed with reference to Level 1 tsunami scenario, while comprehensive disaster management measures should refer to Level 2 tsunami for protection of human lives and reducing potential losses and damage. Throughout the case study in Sendai city, the proposed reconstruction plan was evaluated from the tsunami engineering point of view to discuss how the post 2011 paradigm was implemented in coastal communities for future disaster mitigation. The analysis revealed that Sendai city's multiple protection measures for Level 2 tsunami will contribute to a substantial reduction of the tsunami inundation zone and potential losses, combined with an effective tsunami evacuation plan.
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Martínez, Carolina, Octavio Rojas, Paula Villagra, Rafael Aránguiz, and Katia Sáez-Carrillo. "Risk factors and perceived restoration in a town destroyed by the 2010 Chile tsunami." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 5 (May 19, 2017): 721–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-721-2017.

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Abstract. A large earthquake and tsunami took place in February 2010, affecting a significant part of the Chilean coast (Maule earthquake, Mw of 8.8). Dichato (37° S), a small town located on Coliumo Bay, was one of the most devastated coastal areas and is currently under reconstruction. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the risk factors that explain the disaster in 2010, as well as perceived restoration 6 years after the event. Numerical modeling of the 2010 Chile tsunami with four nested grids was applied to estimate the hazard. Physical, socioeconomic and educational dimensions of vulnerability were analyzed for pre- and post-disaster conditions. A perceived restoration study was performed to assess the effects of reconstruction on the community. It was focused on exploring the capacity of newly reconstructed neighborhoods to provide restorative experiences in case of disaster. The study was undertaken using the perceived restorativeness scale. The vulnerability variables that best explained the extent of the disaster were housing conditions, low household incomes and limited knowledge about tsunami events, which conditioned inadequate reactions to the emergency. These variables still constitute the same risks as a result of the reconstruction process, establishing that the occurrence of a similar event would result in a similar degree of devastation. For post-earthquake conditions, it was determined that all neighborhoods have the potential to be restorative environments soon after a tsunami. However, some neighborhoods are still located in areas devastated by the 2010 tsunami and again present high vulnerability to future tsunamis.
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Rahmayati, Yenny. "Reframing “building back better” for post-disaster housing design: a community perspective." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 7, no. 4 (September 12, 2016): 344–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-05-2015-0029.

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Purpose This study aims to reframe the common concept of post-disaster reconstruction “building back better”, especially in the context of post-disaster housing design. Design/methodology/approach An Aceh post-tsunami housing reconstruction project is used as a case study with qualitative methodology through in-depth interviews of selected respondents. Findings The study findings have shown that the term “building back better” is not a familiar term for housing recipients. Whichever different personal background post-disaster survivors come from, whether they are housewife, civil servant, fisherman, university student, businessman or a professional, none have ever heard this phrase. All found it hard to understand the term. This study argues that the “building back better” concept is good in policy but not working in practice. As a result, housing recipients not only were dissatisfied with their new houses but also found that the new housing configurations profoundly altered their traditional way of life. In light of these findings, the paper argues that the concept of “building back better” needs to be reframed to take account of the cultural individual and communal needs and wants of post-disaster survivors. Research limitations/implications This study discusses only one aspect of post-disaster reconstruction that is the design of housing reconstruction. Practical implications Results from this study provide a practical contribution for reconstruction actors especially designers, architects and planners. It helps them to reconsider the common concepts they have used for post-disaster reconstruction processes particularly in designing housing reconstruction projects. Originality/value This study focuses on the question of how tsunami survivors in Aceh reacted to the design of their new post-tsunami houses and what they had done themselves to make their homes a better and nicer place to live within their own cultural needs. This study also sought to understand what motivated the opinions the respondents had about the design of housing reconstruction after the tsunami in Aceh generally. In addition, the study investigated whether survivors knew the phrase and the credo of “building back better” in a post-disaster context.
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Murao, Osamu, and Hideaki Nakazato. "Post-Tsunami Reconstruction Process in Sri Lanka affected by 2004 Sumatra Tsunami, -Part3-." Reports of the City Planning Institute of Japan 5, no. 1 (July 12, 2006): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/reportscpij.5.1_33.

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Chen, Ted Yu Shen. "Habitat for Humanity's Post-Tsunami Housing Reconstruction Approaches in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 33, no. 1 (March 2015): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701503300106.

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This paper investigates the housing reconstruction approaches of Habitat for Humanity, a Christian international NGO, in Sri Lanka following the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. It analyses how Habitat's housing approaches are informed by their religious values, principles of internationally-recognised best practice, and reactions to the broader ‘Buddhist’ and anti-Christian proselytisation politics of Sri Lanka. While much of Habitat's work in housing reconstruction saw it essentially operate as a housing contractor for the government of Sri Lanka and other donors, the projects that lay closer to its philosophical core sought to engage with processes of owner-driven reconstruction, currently recognized as reconstruction best practice. Owner-driven reconstruction informs Habitat's approach to and endorsement of homeowner participation in their housing reconstruction projects. However, Habitat's version of participation differs from international standards as Habitat's reconstruction approaches rework best practice principles for religious ends. This combination has the effect of reducing suspicion of proselytisation, which was a major concern in Sri Lanka during the reconstruction process, while at the same time allowing Habitat to enact its Christian values. As a religious NGO, Habitat therefore adopts multiple reconstruction approaches in order to practice its Christian convictions within a hostile religious-political environment.
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Setyawan, W., P. Setijanti, and A. Hayati. "Development of post-disaster shelters (case study: Gampong Pande post-rehabilitation and reconstruction of the earthquake and tsunami disaster)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1007, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1007/1/012018.

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Abstract Indonesia has a high risk of earthquake and tsunami disasters, especially in areas around the long and relatively sloping coastline. Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam as an area that has been hit by an earthquake and tsunami, in its development of settlements it is more directed to disaster-prone areas in coastal areas. This study aims to identify the development of housing after rehabilitation and reconstruction due to the earthquake and tsunami in the Gampong Pande area, in the context of mitigating earthquake and tsunami disasters in the future. This research is related to ethnographic research that uses an emic approach in field surveys, emphasizes the natural setting context, focuses on interpretation and meaning, involves the community deeply, and focuses on contemporary phenomena as a whole. Post-disaster mitigation actions carried out in residential development are structural modifications referring to and in line with the Building Code. Post-disaster mitigation actions carried out in the development of residential areas are land grants for road widening as an evacuation route during disasters and the construction of sea dikes to reduce tidal waves of sea water entering settlements and planting mangroves along the sea wall as a green belt that doubles as a green belt and source of fishermen’s economy.
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Nakazato, Hideaki, and Osamu Murao. "Post Tsunami Reconstruction Process in Sri Lanka affected by 2004 Sumatra Tsunami, -Part 4-." Reports of the City Planning Institute of Japan 5, no. 4 (March 20, 2007): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/reportscpij.5.4_110.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post tsunami reconstruction"

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Pasupuleti, Ram Sateesh. "Understanding the role of culture in the post disaster reconstruction process : the case of tsunami reconstruction in Tamilnadu, Southern India." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2011. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/8zzv4/understanding-the-role-of-culture-in-the-post-disaster-reconstruction-process-the-case-of-tsunami-reconstruction-in-tamilnadu-southern-india.

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This thesis is developed in built environment context on the premise that integrating cultural aspects in development produces sustainable ways of living for communities affected by natural disasters. It employs a conceptual framework to validate the argument that cultural dimensions of the affected communities are not effectively and sufficiently addressed in the current post disaster humanitarian and development processes. This has been well articulated in this study from the analysis of shelter reconstruction process in 2004 tsunami hit fishing villages of Tamilnadu. The main contribution of this thesis to theory and practice is delivered in three sections. Firstly, it explains the relevance of the conceptual framework that synthesises two different fields of enquiry i.e. cultural anthropology and urban design to analyse the role of culture in the evolution and development of traditional settlements in post disaster contexts. As culture has got multiple interpretations in different contexts, this framework contextualises and defines the cultural dimensions through which communities tend to give meanings to their living or built spaces in the post disaster development contexts. This is followed by the analysis of reconstruction processes in three tsunami hit fishing villages in Tamilnadu, Southern India, in which the author has carried out primary research as part of his PhD study. It also explains the relevance of the conceptual framework in selecting the casestudy areas for this study. It is aimed to identify how diversified cultural settings respond to the tsunami reconstruction processes to sustain their lives and livelihoods. The analysis of this primary research unfolds the specific impacts and the reasons for such responses in the post tsunami reconstruction process, by comparing and contrasting the findings from the three case studies. From the comparative and combined analysis general development issues that are observed from all the case studies has been elaborated briefly. This thesis discusses the disaster reconstruction process in two different ways. Instrumentally – in a positivist way. Physical distances are increased due to relocation and extended families have separated, certain activities are no longer possible and ultimately the family suffers. Development agencies operate at an instrumental level in their discussion of vulnerability. Here the frame of discussion is about the role of governance, agencies and its direct physical relations. The findings of this research have demonstrated that the impact of development on traditional settlements (pre and post disaster) raises broader issues from the side of both beneficiary and development groups. Secondly, the findings on the outcome of the reconstruction process have been discussed from the perspective of cultural anthropology. Here the consideration is of a ‘way of life’ – a habitus. This was changing for the fishermen anyway in pre and post disaster development processes and the tsunami represented the prospect of a cataclysmic change. The concept of habitus is not determinist and as the ‘way of life’ is inevitably altered, different individuals and families have different responses. At the extreme, cataclysmic change can also lead to increased vulnerability. This perspective is addressed from a different philosophical framework to positivism of development studies and draws on cultural anthropology – that is looking at the world as a social construct that operates through a physical spatial field. When the spatial relations change, this has an impact on social relations, but the relationship is not direct and deterministic, because the social and the spatial are mutually constructed. In this research, urban design concepts have operated at both levels. The layout can be viewed instrumentally and functionally in terms of the way it supports (or not) the issues of income and livelihood and it can be interpreted as a socio-spatial construct that supports the performances of social and cultural life that have been identified in this study. Some of the findings and process of this research either has already been disseminated in various international conferences including TCDPAP, conference (2007) in Pakistan, IASTE conference (2008) at Oxford, Culture Space (2009) symposium at Istanbul, Understanding Places symposium (2009) at London. Very recently, in 2010 this has been presented in the Knowledge Exchange Series at School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, which has been mentioned in leading ‘Pioneer’ news paper. In 2011, an article has been published in ABACUS journal.
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Juran, Luke Robert. "Churning the water after the wave: water components of housing reconstruction in post-tsunami south India." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3476.

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This dissertation provides an authoritative account of reconstruction in the water sector after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in coastal, deltaic South India. In particular, this study examines 14 newly constructed housing settlements in the adjacent study areas of Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, and Karaikal District, Puducherry. There is currently a paucity of literature dedicated to water components of reconstruction. Thus, this study expands the discourse and posits water elements of post-disaster processes as unique and therefore deserving of increased scholarly attention. The study is informed by a multi-methods approach and a geographical perspective. The methodologies include, inter alia, qualitative and quantitative survey instruments; key informant interviews; focus group discussions; the employment of primary documents; and environmental analyses through bacteriological and chemical water quality testing. Geographically, data, information, and actions are perceived as the coalescence of localized socio-cultural, politico-economic, and environmental fabrics. This approach to viewing circumstances is imperative for dissecting the outcomes of reconstruction processes in a specific context, and consequently for understanding problems, identifying solutions, and gauging the appropriateness of particular configurations in place-based systems. This dissertation critiques the models utilized for reconstruction in the two study areas. The scales of inquiry are demographically and geo-physically similar, yet differ in political organization. It is argued that Nagapattinam executed a model of reconstruction founded on collaborative governance, while Karaikal exercised a single agency approach. Thus, various governmental agencies were responsible for specific reconstruction activities in Nagapattinam, whereas a single agency was responsible for all activities in Karaikal. In general, the latter approach, which was less layered, produced comparatively better outcomes. Moreover, both jurisdictions implemented 'hard' paths for water management and operationalized panoptic and revenue-based methods of reconstruction, albeit inefficiently. Numerous shortcomings in reconstruction outcomes were uncovered (e.g., water quality, quantity, and pressure), as were an array of organic coping mechanisms established by affectees in order to surmount such inadequacies. To that end, it is contended that: the coping mechanisms fail to remedy the condition; much of the waterscape is beyond the control of the subjects; and the governments are ultimately deficient in responding to the needs of their citizens. The post-tsunami waterscapes are also analyzed quantitatively through the development of a contextualized, multi-scalar Water Poverty Index (WPI). The WPI is deployed with three distinct weighing schemes and reveals that, on the whole, the sites situated in Karaikal generally perform better than those in Nagapattinam. Interestingly enough, the sites located in rural Nagapattinam outperform their urban counterparts. This case--primarily a product of different water treatment processes--challenges conventional rural-urban dichotomies. Given the occurrence of poor water quality, an investigation of boiling as a method of household water treatment (HWT) surfaces several barriers to and caveats of its adoption. Data indicate that boiling is less effective than could be; thus, it is argued that boiling may not be the optimal strategy for HWT. Lastly, advised by the corpus of data, this dissertation presents a novel framework for managing water components of post-disaster reconstruction. The framework identifies common project failures, can be harnessed independently or alongside existing instruments, and possesses diagnostic, management, and evaluative potential.
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Jauhola, Marjaana. "Becoming better 'men' and 'women' : negotiating normativity through gender mainstreaming in post-tsunami reconstruction initiatives in Aceh, Indonesia." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/ec913d4f-4fd1-4af6-81a4-4e70de8b2d57.

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This PhD research explores the normative boundaries and subversive potential of gender mainstreaming initiatives as feminism in the post-tsunami context of Aceh. It arises from a recent call in the post-tsunami gender and disaster literature to shift from ‘gender and disasters’ to ‘feminisms and disasters’. I argue that in order to make that shift, a closer look at the normative assumptions about what constitutes feminism is required. This thesis offers a critical analysis of gender mainstreaming initiatives drawing on Judith Butler’s post-structuralist critique of a woman as the naturalised focus of feminism and her alternative conceptualisation of feminism as subversion. In the thesis I re-read Judith Butler’s work alongside post-colonial and queer feminist literature. The analysis of normativity of gender mainstreaming in Aceh is developed in relation to theorisation of heteronormativity, intersectionality, and gender and development assistance as part of the global political economy. The analysis of the normative boundaries and subversive potential focuses on three practices of gender mainstreaming: the use of the concept pair sex/gender; framing of gender as an exclusive focus of analysis; and the use of project management tools. I illustrate how gender mainstreaming uses arguments from biology, theology, and feminist theory to reiterate and normalise heteronormativity and the naturalness of sex. Analysing the radio drama production ’Women Can Do It Too!’, Oxfam International’s gender advocacy campaign produced for the tsunami-affected coastal areas in Aceh in 2006, I illustrate how the radio drama normalises liberal feminist ideals of women’s political, social and economic rights omitting critical narratives of the tsunami reconstruction efforts and the context of conflict, thus making the other social inequalities invisible. Furthermore, I argue that aid project management practices construct Acehnese spatiality and temporality within linear narratives of ‘better’. These normative narratives are subverted by a simultaneously emerging local activism that offers the possibility of understanding feminism and construction of norms as multiple, always in the process of ‘becoming’.
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Widyasari, Nuria. "Les hackers d'Airputih dans la reconstruction de ACEH : Indonésie, Post-Tsunami 2004 : contribution à l'Anthropologie des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080003.

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Cette étude utilise à titre principal la théorie du « milieu » de Michel Serres dans le cadre de son grand concept de système de communication. Cette théorie considère les bruits qui environnent un message dans un canal de communication, comme des éléments importants qui décideront si le message est bien compris (ou non) par le Récepteur.Cette étude relie la théorie à un contexte plus large de la communication dans la province d’Aceh, en Indonésie, et reflète les éléments socio-politico-culture de sa reconstruction, après le tsunami de 2004.En appliquant l'approche de l'Anthropologie aux Technologies d’Information et de Communication (TIC), cette étude observe les « bruits » de la communication entre les habitants d'Aceh et l'équipe d'intervention d'urgence en TIC « AirPutih », composée de ce que l’on appelle communément des « hackers ».Le premier « bruit » vient de l'Emetteur du message, « AirPutih », avec son idéologie de Hackers et sa vision du monde javanaise. Le terme « Hacker » est techniquement utilisé pour une personne qui a écrit le code informatique et l'exploite dans les questions relatives à un système de sécurité de réseau. Mais cette étude utilisera préférablement le terme « Hacker » pour décrire l'état d'esprit d'AirPutih, le groupe de jeunes gens indonésiens qui sont arrivés à Aceh quatre jours après le tsunami qui a dévasté la région en 2004, pour rétablir la connexion TIC avec très peu d’argent en poche. L’état d'esprit de ces hackers qui sont, pour la plupart, d'origine javanaise, s’enracine dans les visions du monde javanais. Le second « bruit » vient du récepteur du message : les habitants d'Aceh. Le contexte culturel d'Aceh a connu deux évènements importants : la guerre civile qui a fait rage entre les habitants d'Aceh et le gouvernement central indonésien depuis 30 ans et le tsunami qui a frappé la zone en 2004. Il importe d’ailleurs de noter que les habitants d'Aceh sont de la longue histoire de leur vigoureux Etat islamique.Ces « bruits » se manifestent dans le « milieu » de la communication entre AirPutih et les habitants d'Aceh. Ces « bruits » seront examinés ici comme une négociation entre deux cultures, fortement contrainte par l'état post-catastrophe de région d'Aceh.Fondées sur les extraordinaires résultats d'AirPutih pour rétablir l'infrastructure des TIC en Aceh, les valeurs sociales qui ressortent de cette situation apparaissent alors comme opposées à l'hégémonie de la logique capitaliste qui domine le monde d'aujourd'hui
This study focuses on Michel Serres’ theory of “Milieu” as part of his bigger concept of communication systems. The theory considers that the surrounding Noises of a message in the canal of communication are the important elements that will decide whether the message is well understood (or not) by the receiver.This study places the theory in a wider context of communication in Aceh, Indonesia, reflecting the socio-politico-culture elements in the reconstruction of Aceh region after the Tsunami disaster of 2004.Using the approach of the Anthropology of Infocom, this study observes the “Noises” in the communication between the ICT Emergency Response Team “AirPutih” - which this study considers as Hackers - and the local inhabitants of Aceh.The first “Noise” comes from the Sender of the message: AirPutih, with its Hackers’ ideology and its Javanese code of behavior. The term ‘Hacker’ is technically used for a person who writes code and exploits it in issues related to a security system. This study, instead, will use the term ‘hackers’ to describe the mindset of AirPutih, the Indonesian group of young people who arrived in Aceh, Indonesia, only four days after the tsunami devastated the region in 2004, and re-established the ICT connection with almost no money at hand. This mindset of the hackers embraces the Javanese worldviews rooted in the everyday lives of the members of AirPutih, who are mostly of Javanese origin. The second “noise” comes from the Receiver of the message: the Acehnese. The cultural context of the Acehnese had endured two robust events: the civil war that raged between the Acehnese and the Indonesian central government for 30 years and the tsunami that hit Aceh in 2004. The Acehnese are also proud of their long history as a vigorous Islamic state.These “Noises” were in the “milieu” of the communication between AirPutih and the Acehnese. These “Noises” are scrutinized as the negotiation of cultures that is strongly framed by the post-disaster condition of Aceh, Indonesia. Surrounded by the intriguing result of the successful work of AirPutih in reestablishing the ICT infrastructure in Aceh, the values that come out from this discussion are then opposed to the prevailing hegemony of capitalist logic that dominates the world of today
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Kang, Chia-Fen, and 康嘉芬. "Spatial Social Dynamics behind International Humanitarian Assistance to Post-Tsunami Reconstruction: The Friendship Village of Indonesia-China in Aceh, Indonesia." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99535245220046751609.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
地理環境資源學研究所
100
The post-disaster reconstruction of Indian Ocean Tsunami at the end of 2004 was the largest cross-border humanitarian aid operations in recent years. This study is to focus on “the Friendship Village of Indonesia- China” (thereafter The Friendship Village) in Aceh of Indonesia, built by the Chinese government as cross-border humanitarian aid for post-disaster off-site residential reconstruction. Three research questions are particularly asked in the thesis: first, how and what the Friendship Village space be constructed; second, how the donors and local people construct the social relations especially the ethnic relationships between Chinese and Acehnese; and third, how the aid products resist the time exam. 　 The Friendship Village was a post-disaster permanent residential reconstruction donated by the Chinese government in a remote area far away from the downtown. The Tsunami victim housing relocation dominated by the Indonesian government was in a format of ethnic-spatial non-segregation between Chinese and Indonesians. The location disadvantages plus ethnic-spatial mixed arrangement offered an opportunity for new residents in the Friendship Village to interact more often and closer not only within Chinese and Acehnese themselves but also between both ethnic groups. The community identity as the villagers of the Friendship Village emerged, which came along with the better social relationship between Chinese and Acehnese. However, due to insufficient regulations, certain villagers redecorated their assigned houses through various spatial means within years. In addition, other villagers even traded their assigned houses to outsiders. These spatial and social changes challenged the previous community operation and ethnic interaction that had been created soon after the establishment of the Friendship Village.
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Thiruppugazh, V. "Post-disaster reconstruction : policies, performance and politics ; a comparative study of three states in India." Phd thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150774.

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The study compares evidence from the major reconstruction programs undertaken in three states in India after catastrophic disasters: Maharashtra earthquake (1993), Gujarat earthquake (2001) and Asian tsunami in Tamil Nadu (2004). It poses the central question: why, within the same broad political, social, economic and cultural framework, did some reconstruction programs go beyond pre-impact restoration to build back better? I argue that post-disaster reconstruction is a political process in which vision, political leadership, political will and political culture are key ingredients. Reconstruction prescriptions must, therefore, go beyond the technical and embrace the political realm. One of the basic policy dilemmas is the choice between restoration status quo ante and betterment reconstruction. Discussions on the factors that contribute to effective use of post-disaster opportunity have remained largely normative with very little validation through intensive empirical research, particularly in the Indian context. This study has attempted to bridge this gap. This research has identified some of the key factors behind success in "building back better." This has been accomplished using extensive primary data (compiled from household-level surveys, village meetings and interviews), rigorous field visits, archival research, international comparison and personal experience. The study has identified, analyzed and categorized the myriad factors driving the reconstruction programs. The findings emphasize that disaster reconstruction cannot be depoliticized. It finds that the commitment of the State is a critical variable determining the leap forward after a disaster and that vision and political leadership define the scope and role of the State. Since betterment reconstruction is a long-drawn-out process, continued political commitment is needed to go beyond short-term objectives. The evidence indicates that the determinants of political will are not confined to the narrow domain of leadership, but are inseparable from the specific political cultures. The research finds that political culture is an over-arching determinant of policy choices, program implementation and the nature of stakeholder engagement. The study demonstrates that in a country like India, besides the national ethos, the political cultures of different states or even sub-cultures within them shape the larger contours of the reconstruction. This finding underscores the importance of understanding political culture while formulating policy prescriptions and designing programs. The thesis is in three parts. The first examines the recovery after the three disasters in three areas: housing reconstruction, economic transformation and disaster management. The second isolates and analyses key factors behind differential outcomes from the perspective of stakeholders and global literature. The third dwells on reconstruction as a political process.
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(13979730), John Strain. "A study of block grants for construction in three schools in Aceh, Indonesia." Thesis, 2010. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/A_study_of_block_grants_for_construction_in_three_schools_in_Aceh_Indonesia/21358401.

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This study examines the impact of conditionality on the outcomes of Australian Government block grants for construction at three schools in Aceh. The study examines the impact of conditions designed to increase transparency, building quality, and also conditions aimed at protecting the environment; namely the condition excluding the use of unsustainably harvested timber.

A case study methodology was used to examine how conditionally affected outcomes across ten indicators of project success. This involved conducting face to face interviews in Aceh, Indonesia, with school heads, block grant committee heads, parent teacher committee heads, government officials, and Australian development practitioners. This primary data was analysed in conjunction with secondary data to draw conclusions about the impact on conditionality of block grant programs in schools.

Several conclusions are made which have implications for aid programs and individual development practitioners which are implementing community based construction methodologies. Recommendations are generated from the research findings which will improve the delivery of block grants for construction in schools in Aceh in the future.

It is recommended that:

1. Onerous conditions can be applied to block grant programs in the future, where they benefit Australian interests. However, strong engagement of government stakeholders is critical to maintaining a good relationship.

2. More effort be made by AusAID to explain onerous conditions, such as the condition not to use any non-sustainably harvested timber.

3. AusAID assesses the advantages and disadvantages of policies, such as that against the use of unsustainably harvested timber, before such policies are implemented.

4. School communities be engaged in consultation over building materials before projects begin. AusAID should decide on building materials in consultation with school communities, taking into account local capacity to maintain the selected materials.

5. Where possible, schools should be provided with as much freedom as possible over the choice of building materials.

6. In cases where AusAID deems that freedom over the choice of building materials is not possible, AusAID should take control of the building design, and the supply of building materials.

7. AusAID engages school communities on the strategies for maintenance during the design stage of infrastructure projects.

8. School communities should be required to demonstrate a capacity and a willingness to maintain infrastructure before projects are approved.

9. AusAID obtains a commitment from the Indonesian government to maintain schools as a condition of future projects.

10.More school infrastructure projects should use block grants for community based approaches to construction.

11. Schools have full financial control of their infrastructure projects.

12.Strict financial reporting requirements be continued in block grant programs.

13. Future block grant programs include the requirement of joint accounts between the school heads and the president of the school committee.

14.The condition of displaying financial reports on the school noticeboard be abolished.

15.The practice of issuing staggered payments be continued.

16.Tranche payments should be linked to satisfactory financial reporting by the school committee.

17.The practice of including a financial reporting format in the block grant agreement should also be continued.

18.The practice of transferring funds directly to the school committee be continued.

19. Schools should be required to produce evidence of land ownership as a prerequisite of the approval process.

20.The requirement of a detailed technical and financial proposal be continued in the future.

21.The condition ,requiring school committees to use separate committees for ordering and purchasing materials, should be abolished.

22. More schools be provided with the opportunity to estimate the timeframe of the implementation of their own infrastructure through block grants.

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8

Mohapatra, Romasa. "Community Based Planning in Post-Disaster Reconstruction:A Case Study of Tsunami Affected Fishing Communities in Tamil Nadu Coast of India." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4727.

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In the past few years, natural disasters have been taking more lives and, especially more in the lesser-developed countries. There have been debates in the scientific world on what could be the best ways to mitigate disasters and reduce their impacts. In addition, there is a growing concern about finding the best way of restoring normal lives in the disaster affected communities. Traditional top-down approaches practiced by local governments, aid-agencies, and NGOs have now been replaced by community-based disaster management approaches. International aid-agencies such as the World Bank, UNDP, CIDA, USAID etc., emphasize on the involvement of the community for development purposes and long term sustainability. However, experiences from catastrophic disasters such as the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 or the Hurricane Katrina of 2005 revealed post-disaster scenario to be chaotic and at times insensitive to local cultures and needs of victims. Literature review of past theories indicated the widening gap in disaster management approaches for establishing effective models to deal with recurrent mega-disasters. To address some of the gaps and issues related to disaster management strategies and approaches, an ongoing reconstruction process of the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 was evaluated in the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, India. Four underlying objectives were set. The first was to review the evolving disaster paradigm and related theories and concepts in literature and to build connections with planning models and community based planning. Gaps in the literature were identified and a ‘common framework’ to study both the domains of environmental planning and disaster management was designed. The ‘framework’ was designed using other interdisciplinary planning frameworks, and suffices the second objective of this dissertation. The third objective was to assess an ongoing reconstruction process using an appropriate methodology and suitable indicators. Environmental issues and disaster related problems have risen over the last decade with its effects worsening in the developing countries. Despite technological advancements, it seems almost impossible to make disaster related losses negligible. However, losses can be minimised with proper interventions and community preparedness. Case studies were carried out within disaster affected fishing communities in the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, India.
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Books on the topic "Post tsunami reconstruction"

1

Reconstruction and Development Agency (Colombo, Sri Lanka). Post Tsunami recovery and reconstruction. Colombo: Reconstruction and Development Agency, 2005.

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Clarke, Matthew. Post-disaster reconstruction: Lessons from Aceh. London: Earthscan, 2010.

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Millet, Damien. Tsunami aid or debt cancellation: The political economy of post Tsunami reconstruction. Mumbai: CADTM and Vikas Adhyayan Kendra, 2005.

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Rawal, Vivek. Assessing post-Tsunami housing reconstruction in Andaman & Nicobar islands: A people's perspective. Bangalore: Books For Change, 2006.

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Rawal, Vivek. Assessing post-tsunami housing reconstruction in Andaman & Nicobar islands: A people's perspective. Bangalore: Book For Change, 2006.

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Silva, Jo Da. Lessons from Aceh: Key considerations in post-disaster reconstruction. Warwickshire, UK: Practical Action Publishing Ltd., 2010.

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Nanyang Technological University. Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies., ed. The post-tsunami reconstruction of Aceh and the implementation of the peace agreement. Singapore: Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, 2006.

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Masyrafah, Harry. Post-tsunami aid effectiveness in Aceh: Proliferation and coordination in reconstruction. Washington, DC: Wolfensohn Center for Development, 2008.

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Jemadu, Aleksius. The post-tsunami reconstruction of Aceh and the implementation of the peace agreement. Singapore: Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, 2006.

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India United Nations Country Team. Recovery framework in support of government of India for a Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Programme. New Delhi: United Nations Country Team, India, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Post tsunami reconstruction"

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Ubaura, Michio. "Reconstruction Plans and Planning Process After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 15–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_2.

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Leelawat, Natt, Anawat Suppasri, and Fumihiko Imamura. "The Tsunami Warning System in Thailand: A Part of the Reconstruction Process After the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 111–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_8.

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Nakai, Yutaka, Takeshi Nishio, Hiroyasu Kitashiba, Masami Nanzyo, Masanori Saito, Toyoaki Ito, Michiaki Omura, Miyuki Abe, and Yukie Ogushi. "The Agri-Reconstruction Project and Rapeseed Project for Restoring Tsunami-Salt-Damaged Farmland After the GEJE – An Institutional Effort." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 293–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_18.

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Sato, Shinji. "Seawall Performance Along Southern Coast of East Japan Impacted by the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami; A Note for the Reconstruction Process." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 191–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_13.

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Mas, Erick, Bruno Adriano, Julio Kuroiwa Horiuchi, and Shunichi Koshimura. "Reconstruction Process and Social Issues After the 1746 Earthquake and Tsunami in Peru: Past and Present Challenges After Tsunami Events." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 97–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_7.

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Muhari, Abdul, Kentaro Imai, Daisuke Sugawara, and Fumihiko Imamura. "A Method to Determine the Level 1 and Level 2 Tsunami Inundation Areas for Reconstruction in Eastern Japan and Possible Application in Pre-disaster Areas." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 133–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_10.

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Affan, Muzailin, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura, Hizir Sofyan, Sylvia Agustina, Nizamuddin, and Nur Fadli. "Lessons Learned from Two Villages in the Tsunami Most Affected Area of Banda Aceh City; A Review of the Housing Reconstruction and the Current State of Village Development." In Post-Tsunami Hazard, 59–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_5.

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Yan, Wanglin, and Rob Roggema. "Post-3.11 Reconstruction, an Uneasy Mission." In Tsunami and Fukushima Disaster: Design for Reconstruction, 7–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56742-6_2.

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Boen, Teddy. "Reconstruction in Indonesia Post-2004 Tsunami: Lessons Learnt." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_265-1.

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Boen, Teddy. "Reconstruction in Indonesia Post-2004 Tsunami: Lessons Learnt." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 2048–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_265.

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Conference papers on the topic "Post tsunami reconstruction"

1

Jordan, Elizabeth, and Amy Javernick-Will. "Successes and Failures of the Post-tsunami Housing Reconstruction Program in Tamil Nadu, India." In Construction Research Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413517.123.

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Masuda, Koichi, Tomoki Ikoma, Yasuhiro Aida, Masayuki Takada, and Yuta Fukunaga. "A Research on Predicting Method of the Damage by Tsunami Drifting Objects in Urban Port." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95927.

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Abstract When a tsunami arrives at an urban port, the most serious concern is the damage caused by tsunami drifting objects. In other words, the damage caused by tsunami drifting objects was also enormous, even in previous disasters. Containers, automobiles, timber, and other objects drifted, resulting in a blockade of the port of the harbor, which required a great deal of time and expense to restore. Therefore, estimating the scale and damage of the occurrence of drifting objects in harbors is extremely important in the early restoration and reconstruction of the port. Therefore, the purpose of the present paper is to develop a practical numerical simulator capable of quantitatively predicting the scale and damage of tsunami drifting at a port. In the present paper, we select containers as representative drift objects at ports and quantitatively predict the magnitude of drift damage by containers and other objects. According to the proposed simulator, prediction of the occurrence of the drifting of the container by the tsunami propagation calculation and the MPS method is predicted, and the subsequent drifting behavior of the container is predicted by the individual element method. The occurrence of tsunami drifting, drifting range, drifting speed, and collision force, etc., can be estimated by the proposed simulator. As an example, we present a case of drift damage prediction in the container yard of Shimizu Port in Shizuoka Prefecture.
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