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Journal articles on the topic 'Post-separation parenting'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Gahan, Luke. "Separation and Post‐Separation Parenting within Lesbian and Gay Co‐parenting (Guild Parented) Families." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy 40, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1343.

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2

Birnbaum, Rachel, and Michael Saini. "A Qualitative Synthesis of Children’s Experiences of Shared Care Post Divorce." International Journal of Children’s Rights 23, no. 1 (March 28, 2015): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02301005.

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Objectives: Children’s views and experiences of shared care arrangements post separation were explored to provide their voices to the ongoing discussions of shared parenting. Methods: Qualitative synthesis included a systematic and transparent method for retrieval, screening, and analysing qualitative studies. The inclusion criteria accepted studies that were: qualitative in design; included children as participants in shared care parenting time post-separation. Results: Ten qualitative studies in six different countries with 466 children and young adults were included in the final analysis. Children’s experiences of shared care parenting post separation were mixed and varied depending on contextual factors related to their relationship with both parents, as well the quality of these relationships and the flexibility/rigidity of the parenting arrangement. Implications: Hearing from children and young adults directly helps to move the shared care debate away from binary arguments about sole versus shared care based on parents’ rights and advocacy views.
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3

Steinbach, Anja, and Lara Augustijn. "Post‐Separation Parenting Time Schedules in Joint Physical Custody Arrangements." Journal of Marriage and Family 83, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12746.

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4

Smyth, Bruce, and Belinda Fehlberg. "Australian post-separation parenting on the smartphone: What’s ‘App-ening?" Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law 41, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09649069.2019.1554793.

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5

Fehlberg, B., C. Millward, M. Campo, and R. Carson. "Post-Separation Parenting and Financial Arrangements: Exploring Changes Over Time." International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 27, no. 3 (October 24, 2013): 359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/ebt008.

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6

McIntosh, J., B. Symth, and M. Kelaher. "P1-237 Post-separation parenting arrangements: patterns and developmental outcomes." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 65, Suppl 1 (August 1, 2011): A132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2011.142976e.30.

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7

Buehler, Cheryl, and Bobbie Legg. "Selected Aspects of Parenting and Children's Social Competence Post-Separation:." Journal of Divorce & Remarriage 18, no. 3-4 (March 15, 1993): 177–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j087v18n03_11.

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8

Laing, Lesley. "Secondary Victimization: Domestic Violence Survivors Navigating the Family Law System." Violence Against Women 23, no. 11 (August 23, 2016): 1314–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801216659942.

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This qualitative study explored the experiences of 22 domestic violence survivors attempting to negotiate safe post-separation parenting arrangements through the Australian family law system. Their allegations of violence put them at odds with a system that values mediated settlements and shared parenting. Skeptical responses, accusations of parental alienation, and pressure to agree to unsafe arrangements exacerbated the effects of post-separation violence. Core themes in the women’s narratives of engagement with the family law system—silencing, control, and undermining the mother–child relationship—mirrored domestic violence dynamics, suggesting the concept of secondary victimization as a useful lens for understanding their experiences.
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9

Pardo, Ignacio, Teresa Martín-García, Teresa Castro-Martín, and Wanda Cabella. "Fatherhood after Union Breakup in Uruguay: Transitory or Life-Long Commitment?" Journal of Family Issues 41, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 784–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19882960.

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Rising union dissolution in Latin America—and in much of the world—has increased public concern over the involvement of nonresidential fathers in the lives of their children. At the same time, social norms about post-separation fatherhood have changed, increasingly favoring not only economic support, but also participation in child-rearing. In this article, we (a) examine several dimensions of nonresidential fathers’ involvement with their children, (b) test whether there is a link between pre-separation and post-separation fathering practices, and (c) explore which dimension of pre-separation fathering practices—engagement, accessibility, and responsibility—is more influential on post-separation paternal behavior. The study is based on two waves of a longitudinal national survey carried out in Uruguay. Empirical findings suggest that fathers’ pre-separation involvement in child-rearing affects their post-separation parenting behavior, although results are not conclusive in all aspects of post-separation involvement, and father’s educational attainment tends to have a more influential role.
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10

Moral, Manuel Alfredo, Carlos Alexis Chimpén-López, T. Richelle Lyon, and José Carmelo Adsuar. "The Relationship between Differentiation of Self and Psychological Adjustment to Separation." Healthcare 9, no. 6 (June 16, 2021): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060738.

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Many individuals suffer negative mental health consequences such as anxiety and depression following separation from a romantic partner and/or co-parenting conflict due to divorce. Consequently, treating the psychological aftermath of divorce and partner separation remains a predominant concern for mental health practitioners. According to family systems theory, high interdependence and low differentiation of self are associated with a lessened capacity for managing anxiety or adapting to stressful events since intense emotions may inhibit the ability to cope. To assess the relationship between differentiation of self and psychological adjustment to separation, 84 divorced adults completed an online survey. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that a model based on fusion with others, I-position, and emotional cutoff was a statistically significant predictor of lonely/negativity. Bivariate correlation analyses confirmed significant linear relationships between fusion with others, lonely/negativity, and co-parenting conflict. No differences between genders were found. There is a continuing need to develop interventions to address the negative consequences of divorce, help reduce emotional suffering, and encourage healthy co-parenting. Individuals struggling with psychological adjustment post-divorce, or those seeking education for managing the psychological effects of divorce and co-parenting, may benefit from counseling strategies that incorporate an assessment of differentiation of self and psychological adjustment to separation.
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11

Smyth, Bruce, Ruth Weston, Lawrie Moloney, Nick Richardson, and Jeromey Temple. "Changes in patterns of post-separation parenting over time: Recent Australian data." Journal of Family Studies 14, no. 1 (April 2008): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jfs.327.14.1.23.

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12

Smyth, Bruce, and Lawrie Moloney. "Changes in patterns of post-separation parenting over time: A brief review." Journal of Family Studies 14, no. 1 (April 2008): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jfs.327.14.1.7.

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13

Smyth, B. "Parent-Child Contact in Australia: Exploring Five Different Post-Separation Patterns of Parenting." International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/ebi001.

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14

Partridge, Helen, Lynn McAllister, Lisa Toohey, Rachael Field, Jonathan Crowe, and Annelies Allcock. "Understanding the information experiences of parents involved in negotiating post-separation parenting arrangements." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 52, no. 1 (July 18, 2018): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000618787604.

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The paper presents findings from a study into the information experiences of people needing to make post-separation parenting arrangements. Data was collected from 20 participants, through in-depth, semi-structured, telephone interviews. Thematic analysis identified five major themes: Following, Immersion, Interpersonal, History and Context which depict the information experiences of the participants. The findings can be used as an evidence base to inform the design and delivery of support and services provided by government agencies and other community groups supporting the legal information needs of individuals and families. The work extends current understandings of information experience as an object of study in the information science discipline.
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15

Martin, Kori. "Parenting Plans and the Breastfed Child A Look at How Breastfeeding is Used as a Factor in Parenting Time Allocations for Divorcing Parents in the U.S." Clinical Lactation 2, no. 3 (September 2011): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/215805311807010486.

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Divorce has the potential to substantially disrupt a mother and baby’s breastfeeding relationship due to the potential for separation inherent in custody and visitation schedules. This paper examines how breastfeeding is accounted for as a factor in the parenting plan guidelines actually used in the United States legal system. While some jurisdictions do include breastfeeding as a specific factor to be included in the allocation of parenting time, most courts have no legislative or rule-based guidance as to how breastfeeding should be accounted for post-divorce. The breastfeeding protections that do exist get noticeably more restrictive as the child ages, and mothers in the U.S. currently face significant hurdles in preserving breastfeeding post-divorce.
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16

Davidson, G. P. "FAMILY LIFESTYLES: LEGAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DETERMINING POST-SEPARATION PARENTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR CHILDREN." Family Court Review 25, no. 2 (March 15, 2005): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.174-1617.1987.tb00165.x.

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17

Sadowski, Christina, and Jennifer E. McIntosh. "On laughter and loss: Children’s views of shared time, parenting and security post-separation." Childhood 23, no. 1 (February 20, 2015): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0907568215570072.

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18

Smyth, Bruce M., and Lawrence J. Moloney. "Post‐Separation Parenting Disputes and the Many Faces of High Conflict: Theory and Research." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy 40, no. 1 (March 2019): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1346.

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19

Natalier, Kristin, Kay Cook, and Hayley McKenzie. "Single Mothers’ Post-Separation Provisioning: Child Support and the Governance of Gender." Sociology 53, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 554–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038518813847.

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This article uses single mothers’ pursuit of child support (child maintenance) to examine how the state governs gender through post-separation financial responsibilities. We draw on interview data to detail how the Australian welfare state compels single mothers’ child support provisioning through claims work and the associated strategies of managing information, emotions and government workers. Despite their sustained efforts, provisioning afforded single mothers’ limited financial benefits. We argue that this outcome reflected a gendered policy and implementation regime that normalised masculine financial discretion and simultaneously compelled single mothers’ provisioning and failed to accord it legitimacy. Provisioning did, however, benefit the welfare state, which appropriated single mothers’ time and knowledge to claim and perform key functions. We conclude that the necessity and challenges of child support provisioning were not indicative of a failing child support programme but rather reflected its role in the reproduction of gendered power, responsibilities and rewards in post-separation parenting.
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20

Moloney, Lawrie. "Intervening in post-separation parenting disputes: Reflections on past, present and future principles and processes." Journal of Family Studies 19, no. 3 (December 2013): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jfs.2013.19.3.218.

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21

Marti Castaner, Marti, Rachel Fowler, Cassie Landers, Lori Cohen, and Manuela Orjuela. "How trauma related to sex trafficking challenges parenting: Insights from Mexican and Central American survivors in the US." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 16, 2021): e0252606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252606.

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Sex trafficking, a form of human trafficking for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation, with a global prevalence of 4.5 million, has pervasive effects in the mental and physical health of survivors. However, little is known about the experiences and needs of Latinx migrants (the majority of sex trafficking victims in the US) after trafficking, particularly regarding parenting. This QUAL-quant study examines how 14 survivors of sex trafficking (mean age = 30) from Mexico and Central America encounter and respond to parenting experiences after escaping sexual exploitation. Combining a bio-ecological model of parenting with Zimmerman’s framework on human trafficking we identified how trauma related to sex trafficking can challenge parenting and how relational and contextual pre and post trafficking factors (dis)enable women to respond to such challenges. Psychological consequences of daily victimization primarily manifested in three ways: overprotective parenting in a world perceived to be unsafe, emotional withdraw when struggling with stress and mental health symptoms, and challenges building confidence as mothers. These experiences were accentuated by pre-trafficking experiences of neglect and abuse, forced separation from their older children, poverty post-trafficking, and migration-related stressors. Yet, finding meaning in the birth of their child, having social support, and faith, also enable mothers to cope with such challenges. We conclude that motherhood after surviving sex trafficking presents new challenges and opportunities in the path to recovery from trauma. Interventions at the policy, community and individual level are needed to support survivors of sex trafficking as they enter motherhood.
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22

Newnham, Annika. "Shared parenting, law and policy: considering power within the framework of autopoietic theory." International Journal of Law in Context 11, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 426–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552315000282.

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AbstractThis paper uses the last few decades’ developments in the area of shared parenting to explore power within the framework of autopoietic theory. It traces how, prompted by turbulence from the political subsystem, family law has made several unsuccessful attempts to solve the perceived problem of post-separation dual-household parenting. It agrees with Luhmann and Teubner that closed autopoietic systems’ developments are limited by their normative and cognitive frameworks, and also argues that changes which have occurred in family law show that closed social systems do not function in total isolation. It considers power as ego's ability to limit alter's choices. In our functionally differentiated society, with its recent proliferation of communication, power appears more diffuse and impossible to plot into causal one-way relationships.
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23

Taylor, Nicola. "Child Participation: Overcoming Disparity between New Zealand’s Family Court and Out-of-court Dispute Resolution Processes." International Journal of Children’s Rights 25, no. 3-4 (November 17, 2017): 658–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02503004.

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This article considers children’s right to participate in the context of private law disputes concerning their post-separation, day-to-day care and contact arrangements. In New Zealand the approach to ascertaining children’s views has been both long-standing and systematic for contested proceedings within the Family Court (via children’s legal representatives and judicial meetings with children). However, major reform of the family justice system in 2014 shifted the emphasis to new out-of-court processes for resolving post-separation parenting arrangements. The reforms were disappointingly silent on the issue of children’s participation in the new Family Dispute Resolution services, particularly mediation. A disparity has thus arisen between opportunities for children’s engagement in New Zealand’s in-court and out-of-court dispute resolution processes. Research evidence and international developments in Australia and England and Wales are reviewed for the guidance they can offer in remedying this in New Zealand and elsewhere.
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24

Kier, Cheryl, Charlie Lewis, and Dennis Hay. "Maternal accounts of the costs and benefits of life experiences after parental separation." Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa 16, no. 3 (December 2000): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-37722000000300002.

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Recent analyses both question the assumption that parental separation only has negative effects on families and suggest that attention should be paid to the diversity of experiences post divorce. The latter may be accomplished by combining methods, examining different levels of individuals' experiences. Seventy-six mothers from separated and married families with a child aged 20 months participated in an interview and a life-events questionnaire and these are compared with a range of developmental tests conducted with the mother or child. Separated mothers reported more recent life events than married mothers and rated some more negatively and also others more positively. In regression analyses the only significant predictor of positive life experiences was marital status. Marital status and expressed difficulties in parenting predicted negative life experiences. The results suggest a subtle balance of disadvantages and gains post separation, which must be explored before longitudinal patterns of child and family adjustment are fully understood.
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25

Hertzmann, Leezah, Susanna Abse, Mary Target, Krisztina Glausius, Viveka Nyberg, and Dana Lassri. "Mentalisation-based therapy for parental conflict – parenting together; an intervention for parents in entrenched post-separation disputes." Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 31, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 195–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02668734.2017.1320685.

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26

Francia, Leanne, Prudence Millear, and Rachael Sharman. "Mothering – a mode of protecting rather than parenting in the aftermath of post separation family violence in Australia." Children Australia 45, no. 2 (June 2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.24.

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AbstractThe focus of this qualitative study was on separated mother’s (N = 36) lived experiences of mothering in the context of post separation family violence and the Australian family law system. Thematic analysis of interviews was guided by a theoretical framework, this being the Three Planets Model. Analysis of the data resulted in two themes relating to mothering being identified. Firstly, that women demonstrated a mode of protecting rather than parenting indicating that mothering was often undertaken in isolation and fear, within an adversarial family law system, and in the presence of a perpetrator of family violence. The second theme related to the aftermath of separation and the long dark shadow cast by family violence. After having left a controlling and violent relationship, separated mothers reported that there was no opportunity to recover, nor to healthily extricate themselves from family violence, which resulted in cumulative harm not only for their wellbeing but also for their children.
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27

Walper, Sabine, and Michaela Kreyenfeld. "The Intensification of Parenting in Germany: The Role of Socioeconomic Background and Family Form." Social Sciences 11, no. 3 (March 17, 2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030134.

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Drawing on the international discourse on the intensification of parenting and new data from Germany, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the unique challenges that parents face in the 21st century. We used data from the survey “Parenthood Today”, which was conducted in 2019 to examine parents’ views on parenting in Germany. The data comprised standardized interviews with 1652 mothers and fathers. We focused on three dimensions of parental pressures: namely, time pressure, financial pressure, and pressure that emanates from the educational system. Time pressure referred to the pressure currently felt, whereas financial pressure and pressure from the educational system referred to changes across time. In each of these domains, more than 60% of the parents experienced high (time) or increasing (education and financial) pressure. Binary logistic regressions showed that while parental education was a strong predictor of experiencing an increase in financial pressure, parental education did not matter for other realms of parenting. However, employment and family form were strongly related to parental time pressure. Full-time employed lone mothers, but also non-resident fathers, reported experiencing heavy pressure when trying to balance their roles as a worker and as a carer. Our results draw attention to the importance of better integrating the needs of post-separation families, including of non-resident fathers, in the debate on the “intensification of parenting”.
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28

Koster, Tara, and Teresa Castro-Martín. "Are Separated Fathers Less or More Involved in Childrearing than Partnered Fathers?" European Journal of Population 37, no. 4-5 (October 20, 2021): 933–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10680-021-09593-1.

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AbstractSeparated fathers are generally assumed to be less involved with their children than partnered fathers. Yet, extant research on separated fathers has mainly focused on nonresident fathers without taking into consideration the existing diversity in post-separation residence arrangements. In fact, separated resident and shared residence fathers may possibly be more involved than partnered fathers, because the former likely bear primary childcare responsibilities, while the latter often act as secondary caregivers. This study extends previous research by investigating father involvement via regular care and leisure activities across a full range of separated fathers, and how it compares to that of partnered fathers, as well as whether patterns differ by father’s education. Data from the New Families in the Netherlands survey (N = 1592) reveal that as compared to partnered fathers, shared residence fathers and especially resident fathers are more actively involved in the regular care of their child, whereas nonresident fathers are less involved. Results are similar for leisure, except that partnered fathers are similarly involved as shared residence fathers in this activity. Education also matters: involvement of fathers across different post-separation residence arrangements is more similar to that of partnered fathers when being highly educated. These findings suggest that including resident and shared residence fathers in the picture offers a more optimistic view of fathers’ post-separation parenting role, because these separated fathers are actually more actively involved in childrearing than partnered fathers.
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29

Thompson-Walsh, Catherine A., Katreena L. Scott, Amanda Dyson, and Victoria Lishak. "Are we in this Together? Post-Separation Co-Parenting of Fathers with and without a History of Domestic Violence." Child Abuse Review 27, no. 2 (March 2018): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/car.2510.

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30

Gahan, Luke. "Separated Same-Sex Parents: Troubling the Same-Sex Parented Family." Sociological Research Online 23, no. 1 (January 22, 2018): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1360780418754699.

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Same-sex parented family research and academic literature has focused primarily on intact families and/or those created after a heterosexual divorce–their family models, methods of family creation and the fertility process, and the health and well-being of their children. Similarly, separation and divorce research and academic literature has focused primarily on opposite-sex parented families. To date, limited research has explored the experiences of same-sex parents who separated after having children within their relationship. This article reports on findings from a qualitative study of semi-structured in-depth interviews with 22 same-sex parents in Australia who had experienced parental separation and aims to contribute to a new phase of same-sex relationship and parenting research that explores divorce and separation. Participants were acutely aware that their separation and post-separation families troubled the social expectations and mores of the same-sex parented family by appearing to break unwritten rules, threatening to disrupt campaigns for social and political acceptance, and falling off an apparent pedestal that their families and relationships had been placed on. Separated same-sex parents were also concerned that their families would disrupt efforts to achieve social and political acceptance–and this created challenges with recruitment and interviewing techniques with male participants in particular. This article will demonstrate the pressure for same-sex parents to present an idyllic image of family. It will also discuss how, as a consequence of being seen as troubling, same-sex parental separation created experiences of isolation and invisibility for parents during and after their separation.
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31

Archer-Kuhn, Beth. "Understanding the Parent Experience in Child Custody Decision-Making: How Social Workers Can Help." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 100, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044389419825592.

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Parent perspective and experience is largely absent from the research literature in child custody decision-making, making it challenging for social workers to understand the parent experience. Research often focuses on outcome studies regarding children’s adjustment and well-being, with little attention to the parent voice. This article addresses this gap using a phenomenological approach. Eighteen participants were recruited from a mid-sized community in Ontario through the mandatory information program (MIP). In-depth interviews and thematic analysis reveal five themes: (a) redefining role, (b) the importance of agency, (c) shared decision-making, (d) the battleground—barriers to shared decision-making, and (e) complexities involved in shared decision-making. These findings illuminate shared parenting challenges, highlighting the need for family supports and services in navigating challenging post-separation realities.
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32

Safuanov, F. S., and O. A. Rusakovskaya. "Category of Child Rearing in Family Law: A Cultural-Historical Analysis." Cultural-Historical Psychology 13, no. 3 (2017): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2017130302.

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The article focuses on the cultural-historical analysis of the category of child rearing in Russian family law. It shows how the objective (i.e. defined in customs, church constitutions and substantive law) side of the social situation of upbringing, representing a certain aspect of the social situation of development, has changed dramatically in the historical context. Perhaps, the most considerable changes occurred in the goals of upbringing: there is a clear shift from absolute obedience to taking into account the child’s interests and opinions in a whole range of issues concerning rearing and education. This shift creates conditions for proper development of the child’s inner position that reflects his/her proactive position towards the social reality. The paper provides a historical overview of parental responsibilities and the system of prohibitions in child rearing. It concludes that the subject of forensic inquiry in civil cases concerning post-separation parenting is the possible negative impact of personality features and mental state of parent on the development of child.
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33

Hart, Amanda Shea. "The silent minority: The voice of the child in family law." Children Australia 28, no. 4 (2003): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200005794.

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Family law in Australia is an important and unique jurisdiction that directly impacts upon the well-being and future family relationships of children whose families are in dispute over post separation parenting arrangements. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child states that children have the right to participate in decisions that directly affect them. But there are many barriers and tensions to children's participation in the jurisdiction of family law in Australia. Decisions said to be in the child's ‘best interests’ are influenced by value judgments and beliefs that are informed by dominant western discourses on the needs and competencies of children. In practice under the Family Law Reform Act 1995 children remain marginalised without an effective voice. Failure to hear the voice of the child is of special concern for children who have been traumatised by exposure to family violence and ongoing conflict. It is important to develop new understandings about children and the importance of giving children a voice.
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34

Guyette, Erin J., and Samantha Baer. "AsenE., & MorrisE. (2020). High‐conflict parenting post‐separation: The making and breaking of family ties. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 166 pp. $128.00." Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 47, no. 4 (October 2021): 1007–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12498.

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35

Mwanri, Lillian, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Anna Ziersch, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Gregorius Abanit Asa, and Paul Russell Ward. "Post-Migration Stressors and Mental Health for African Migrants in South Australia: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 7914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137914.

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We conducted a qualitative study involving African migrants (n = 20) and service providers (n = 10) in South Australia to explore mental health stressors, access to mental health services and how to improve mental health services for African migrant populations. This paper presents the views and experiences of African migrants about the post-migration stressors they faced in resettlement that pose mental health challenges. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. To align with the COVID-19 pandemic protocol, the data collection was conducted using one-on-one online interviews through Zoom or WhatsApp video calls. Data analysis was guided by the framework analysis. The post-migration stressors, including separation from family members and significant others, especially spouses, imposed significant difficulties on care provision and in managing children’s attitudes and behavior-related troubles at school. African cultural practices involving the community, especially elders in care provision and disciplining children, were not consistent with Australian norms, compounding the mental health stressors for all involved. The African cultural norms, that do not allow young unmarried people to live together, also contributed to child–parent conflicts, enhancing parental mental stressors. Additionally, poor economic conditions and employment-related difficulties were post-migration stressors that the participants faced. The findings indicate the need for policy and intervention programs that address the above challenges. The provision of interventions, including social support such as subsidized or free childcare services, could help leverage their time and scheduled paid employment, creating time for effective parenting and improving their mental health and wellbeing. Future studies exploring what needs to be achieved by government and non-governmental institutions to support enhanced access to social and employment opportunities for the African migrant population are also recommended.
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36

Wijesinghe, Vindya. "Review on borderline personality disorder and pregnancy: Possible interventions to improve outcomes." Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal 13, no. 4 (August 15, 2022): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ogij.2022.13.00658.

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Background: Borderline personality disorder is the most extensively studied area in psychiatry. Poor pregnancy outcome is evident from studies available. Obstetricians and mental health teams experience multiple challenges due to the nature of this personality disorder. However, effective interventions to manage women with borderline personality disorder in the antenatal and perinatal periods are yet to be formulated. This review emphasizes on challenges faced by care providers and the authors ‘views on forming effective measures to improve the outcomes. Methods: The review was done using the available articles using the keywords “Borderline personality disorder” and “pregnancy”. PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE and CENTRAL were used to search the articles. 99,500 articles were found. Only three were selected for narrative review due to their relevance. Results: Early sexual debut and unintended pregnancies were increased. Further, almost all perinatal complications were noted except for post-partum hemorrhage and the need for induction of labour. Parenting issues and separation from children due to safety issues by authorities were noted. Managing women with BPD imposes stress on the healthcare system due to core symptoms of the BPD. Communication strategies and strong liaison with community and hospital teams may alleviate the tension in the healthcare system. Conclusion: Accumulating evidence suggests the complexity of antenatal issues. Perinatal outcomes have consistently been poor in women with a borderline personality disorder. Further, effective strategies to alleviate the outcomes of women need to be designed, focusing on the characteristics of the nature of the disorder.
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LEVAV, I., R. KOHN, and S. SCHWARTZ. "The psychiatric after-effects of the Holocaust on the second generation." Psychological Medicine 28, no. 4 (July 1998): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291797005813.

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Numerous studies conducted in clinical and community settings by researchers from different countries over a period of almost five decades, have conclusively shown protracted and disabling psychiatric effects among World War II Holocaust victims, formerly known as the concentration camp syndrome (e.g. Matussek, 1975; Eitinger & Krell, 1985; Eitinger & Major, 1993; Levav, 1998). The multiple and brutal trauma endured by the survivors during the war years were further compounded by earlier systematic discrimination, and by exhausting socio-political events and pogroms that followed liberation by the Allies. In this latter period survivors had to learn the fate of their spouses, children, parents, other relatives and friends. Hastily contracted post-war marriages were likely intended both to cope with feelings of extreme loneliness and to recreate a social support group that would buttress survival.Given the above, many observers hypothesized that, among other impaired abilities, survivors would evidence a deficit in their parenting functions. As one author noted 25 years ago: ‘Survivors are now beginning to bring their children to our clinics. In retrospect one should not be surprised at this because of the nature and severity of the psychological effects of the persecution, and because the emotional state of the parents has some bearing on the development of the child …’ (Sigal, 1971). Several mediating mechanisms that affected the survivors' family as a functioning unit were postulated by the examining clinicians, such as over-involvement, withdrawal, inability to exert control, parental affective unavailability, undue degree of preoccupation with past experiences, and an inability to cope with mourning and bereavement (Klein, 1973; Levine, 1982; Sigal & Weinfeld, 1989). Other imputed mechanisms referred to psychological processes taking place during child development, such as difficulties in the individuation-separation phase (Freyberg, 1980).
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Stolnicu, Alexandra, Jan De Mol, Stephan Hendrick, and Justine Gaugue. "Healing the Separation in High-Conflict Post-divorce Co-parenting." Frontiers in Psychology 13 (June 17, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913447.

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ObjectiveOur research aim is to enrich the conceptualization of high conflict post-divorce co-parenting by understanding the dynamic process involved.BackgroundThe studied phenomena were explored by linking previous scientific knowledge to practice.MethodWe cross-referenced the previous study results with the experiences reported by eight professionals and tried to answer the following research question: how professionals’ experience and previous scientific knowledge contribute to a better understanding of HC post-divorce co-parenting? Individual face to face interviews were conducted and analyzed regarding the qualitative theoretical reasoning of thematic analysis.ResultsAnalysis allowed us to highlight how four main axes are related to HC post-divorce co-parenting: (1) Parents for life, (2) Acting in the child’s best interests, (3) Managing disagreements, and (4) Healing the separation.ConclusionOur findings capture high conflict post-divorce co-parenting as a multidimensional dynamic process. As such, dealing with co-parenting disagreements must be understood as a moment in a process that is influenced by, and influences, other dimensions.ImplicationsInterventions must consider the four dimensions and their reciprocal interactions. The essential elements underlying parents’ difficulties may reside at a multiplicity of levels: inter-relational, contextual, and intrapsychic. Each level contains key potential factors in understanding these families, and in formulating intervention guidelines.
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Hay, Charisse, Madalena Grobbelaar, and Marika Guggisberg. "Mothers’ Post-separation Experiences of Male Partner Abuse: An Exploratory Study." Journal of Family Issues, November 29, 2021, 0192513X2110575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x211057541.

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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) involves physical and sexual violence and coercive controlling behaviours to maximise power inequality in abusive relationships. Many women make the decision to exit abusive relationships due to the detrimental impact of IPV on their children. In a qualitative exploration, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 women recruited by purposive and snowballing sampling techniques. Two overarching themes of single mothers’ unique experiences of co-parenting with IPV were revealed through interpretative phenomenological analysis. The first theme was Continuous Victimisation, which indicated that post-separation victimisation was an extension of existing IPV whereby fathers used intimidation, threatening behaviours such as stalking and other monitoring tactics and the deliberate undermining of the mother–child relationship. The second theme identified was Systemic Challenges, indicating how court officials applied a ‘pro-contact’ approach and either minimised or denied mothers’ allegations of IPV and the impact on them and the children. The analysis found a persistent bias against mothers . Implications of the study are discussed before the article concludes that attitudinal change regarding IPV is required by decision makers in court processes with a recognition that abusive men may be unwilling to engage in cooperative parenting that focuses on the children’s developmental, social, emotional, psychological and physical needs.
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Turhan, Zeynep. "Safe Father–Child Contact Postseparation in Situations of Intimate Partner Violence and Positive Fathering Skills: A Literature Review." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, November 18, 2019, 152483801988855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838019888554.

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The role of parenting may be challenging and complex for parents who are violent in their relationship and employ poor and negative parenting practices. Synthesizing the knowledge of safe father–child interactions in post–domestic violence incidents and positive fathering skills is the major goal of this review. It also aims to identify the available literature on key factors and conditions around child adjustment following intimate partner violence incidents. In order to achieve these goals, this article applied a narrative style literature review. Electronic databases and websites of children’s social services and domestic violence interventions were searched, and 12 research studies met the criteria for the review. The synthesis of the literature suggests that improving custody workers’ knowledge of intimate partner violence and developing father’s parenting practices during interventions are essential in achieving the safety of father–child interactions. The father’s regular participation in perpetrator interventions and parenting programs can prevent them from continuing to abuse their partners and children during visitations. As a result, an approach that acknowledges the multifaceted factors for safe father–child contact and the multifaceted means of reducing child adjustment problems after parental separation was developed.
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Field, Rachael, and Jonathan Crowe. "Playing the Language Game of Family Mediation: Implications for Mediator Ethics." Law in Context. A Socio-legal Journal 35, no. 1 (December 16, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.26826/law-in-context.v35i1.33.

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Over the last 20 to 30 years, the use of mediation in Australia to resolve family disputes has grown significantly. Since the 2006 reforms to the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth), family dispute resolution, a common form of which is family mediation, has effectively become a compulsory first step in post-separation parenting disputes that enter the family law system. There are many good reasons for encouraging parties to participate in family mediation. Mediation is a flexible, cost-effective, time-efficient, more humane, less adversarial way for families to manage and resolve post-separation disputes. Family mediation is also a process that enables party self-determination, empowering the parties to determine together the best arrangements for their family into the future. However, vigilance is required if the capacity of each party to negotiate towards a mutually agreeable outcome is to be effectively sustained and the full potential of the benefits of mediation are truly to be achieved. In this article, we use Ludwig Wittgenstein’s concept of a language game and the related notion of a clash of genres to explore some of the underlying conventions and expectations that create challenges for the parties in family mediation. We then consider how mediators might respond to these challenges and the implications this holds for mediator ethics.
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Brooks-Hay, Oona, Kristina Saunders, and Michele Burman. "A toxic mix: the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on the post-separation experiences of domestic abuse survivors." Journal of Gender-Based Violence, July 14, 2022, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/239868021x16536613142067.

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Reports of an intensification of domestic abuse under COVID-19 restrictions has been described by the UN as a ‘shadow pandemic’. Drawing upon interviews with domestic abuse survivors (n=11), plus interviews (n=18) and surveys (n=22) with support service providers in Scotland, this article develops a nuanced understanding of how the conditions created by the pandemic interacted with existing experiences of domestic abuse, highlighting the relatively overlooked experiences of survivors who have separated from their abusers. The findings reveal how pandemic conditions triggered, mirrored and amplified experiences and impacts of domestic abuse through the complex interplay between isolation, anxiety, lone-parenting, financial concerns and protective requirements such as mask wearing. Participants described an increase in economic abuse, abuse online and the manipulation of child contact arrangements as the restrictions imposed by the pandemic facilitated perpetrator behaviours. However, survivors’ resilience, coping mechanisms, and in some cases enhanced feelings of safety, were also notable. These findings generate insights into the evolving but persistent nature and dynamics of domestic abuse though the pandemic, including how domestic abuse interacts with, creates, and is compounded by gendered inequalities irrespective of whether survivors have separated from their abuser.
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Recksiedler, Claudia, Janine Bernhardt, and Valerie Heintz-Martin. "Mothers’ Well-Being in Families and Family Structure: Examining Constellations of Stressors Across Life Domains." Journal of Family Issues, October 10, 2021, 0192513X2110484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x211048479.

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Identifying conditions under which parents thrive is a key concern of family research. Prior research often focused on mothers’ well-being in single life domains, yet it is more likely to be shaped by stressors that stem directly from the parenting role and related stressors emerging from spillover processes into other domains. We therefore examine how stressors concerning mothers’ subjective, relational, and financial well-being accumulate and combine within subgroups of mothers and whether the likelihood to belong to these multidimensional subgroups varies by family structure. Using representative German data ( N = 11,242), latent class analysis revealed four distinct subgroups of maternal well-being with varying exposure to financial, psychological, and relational stressors. Regression models showed that particularly single mothers were at risk to belong to the most vulnerable group with exposure to multiple stressors. Findings are discussed in light of persisting disparities among post-separation families despite demographic trends toward growing family diversity.
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Luthra, Renee, and Tina Haux. "The mental load in separated families." Journal of Family Research, January 19, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/jfr-743.

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Objective: This paper asks how evolving contact and gendered working lives, gendered identities, and conflict and parental relationships influence cognitive labour in separated families. Background: The fact that the often-invisible work of planning, researching, and executing decisions concerning children and household maintenance is borne by women/mothers, receives growing research attention, yet, the bulk of this research focuses on the gendered division of the mental load in intact families. Given the high prevalence of separated families with high levels of father contact, more work is needed to understand how cognitive labour is divided by parents residing in separate households. Method: This paper draws on 31 semi-structured interviews of separated parents, including 7 former couples. Interviews were sampled from a nationally representative longitudinal survey, Understanding Society, professionally transcribed and thematically analysed with Nvivo. Results: Analysing the interviews reveals both continuity and change in the division of the mental load following separation. For some families, gendered identities and working lives continue to justify an unequal division of the mental load, even when children spend large amounts of time solely with fathers. In others, conflict can reduce communication between parents, either increasing fathers cognitive labour through parallel parenting or decreasing it when fathers are excluded from decision-making altogether. Finally, separation can present a turning point where working lives and identities are re-evaluated, and the mental load can be negotiated anew. Conclusion: We provide new evidence that the mental load remains gendered even among those practicing a relatively "modern" family form of shared care post-separation, while highlighting possibilities for variation and change.
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Bruno, Linnéa. "Economic Abuse From Child and Youth Perspectives: A Review of the Literature." Social Inclusion 10, no. 4 (May 20, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v10i4.5396.

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Research has established that the economic hardship caused by intimate partner violence (IPV), including economic abuse, is an important obstacle impeding women from leaving a violent partner. Furthermore, economic violence typically continues post‐separation, also when other forms of abuse have ended. IPV—typically, men’s violence against women—is an issue of direct concern for children, even if the violent behaviour is not directed towards the child. A growing body of research has documented detrimental effects on children’s health, well‐being, and cognitive development when exposed to IPV/domestic abuse. In recent decades, research has also explored children’s perspectives and strategies to cope with being exposed to violence in families. Economic abuse, however, is a form of violence that is seldom studied from a child’s perspective. This article aims to explore existing knowledge on economic abuse from child and youth perspectives, drawing from childhood studies, interdisciplinary violence studies, critical social work, and social policy studies. The research review is divided as follows: (a) findings on children’s direct and indirect victimisation of economic abuse; (b) findings on economic abuse in young people’s intimate relationships and the context of honour‐related violence; and (c) findings on economic abuse concerning parenting, with discussions on possible implications for dependent children. Suggestions for further research are put forward.
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Rathus, Zoe. "Social Scientists Operating in the Law: A Case Study of Family Assessment Experts in the Australian Family Law System." International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/ebab051.

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Abstract Although the role of social science research in the family law system has been the subject of scholarly research for some time, less attention has been paid to how operating within the legal system might influence the work of social science and related expert witnesses who perform in that space. This article reports on interviews with family report writers, social science or similar expert witnesses, who provide assessments for the Australian family courts in contested cases about post-separation children’s arrangements. It explores the impact of the law, or how those professionals perceive the law is applied, and the complexity of the family law system on these expert witnesses, particularly when working with families with allegations of domestic and family violence. The study shows that the participants are deeply acculturated to the legal system. They know how to speak its language and are aware of the different audiences they speak to including the court, the lawyers and the parents. Although an understanding of the legal context is essential for expert witnesses, the study suggests that the legal system, and their experience of it, may influence their assessment framework, affect their recommendations, and consequently impact parenting orders. Although this article investigates the situation in Australia, the results raise questions for similar family law jurisdictions which rely on family assessment reports.
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Fučík, Petr, and Michaela Šolcová. "Nové formy rodičovství: střídavá péče a hledání jejích důsledků pro děti – přehledová studie." Sociální studia / Social Studies 19, no. 2 (December 16, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/soc2022-32988.

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Long-term cultural trends of increasing fragility of partnerships, changing gender roles and the culture of childhood create a situation in which forms of shared parenting are becoming increasingly relevant. This review study aims to make available to the Czech audience a summary of foreign research on the impact of post-divorce/separation arrangements on children, with particular emphasis on those forms in which the child alternates between parents’ households. In peer-reviewed articles from Web of Science, Scopus, J-Stor, Springer, and similar databases, we first sought to answer the question of what negative and positive consequences household turnover produces. A review of the relevant literature shows that the assumption of an overall negative effect of alternating care is not consistent with the results of most analyses. Rather, the comparisons show the opposite, i.e. a predominance of positive consequences of shared custody, but modified by circumstances. Therefore, we next focus on papers that examine the most important intervening factors, which are parental conflict, the status of the family of origin, and the parents’ new partnerships. Detailed research in this area shows that only in families with significantly negative circumstances (extensive and chronic conflict, economic deprivation etc.) can the negatives of the circumstances outweigh the benefits of contact with both parents that shared custody generally brings. In the conclusion of the text, we summarize the findings from foreign sources, discuss their transferability to the Czech environment and, based on the literature, suggest areas that should be addressed in an effort to deepen this field of research.
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Sciberras, Emma, Daryl Efron, Pooja Patel, Melissa Mulraney, Katherine J. Lee, Cathy Mihalopoulos, Lidia Engel, et al. "Does the treatment of anxiety in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) using cognitive behavioral therapy improve child and family outcomes? Protocol for a randomized controlled trial." BMC Psychiatry 19, no. 1 (November 13, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2276-3.

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Abstract Background Up to 60% of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) meet diagnostic criteria for at least one anxiety disorder, including Social, Generalized and/or Separation Disorder. Anxiety in children with ADHD has been shown to be associated with poorer child and family functioning. Small pilot studies suggest that treating anxiety in children with ADHD using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has promising benefits. In a fully powered randomized controlled trial (RCT), we aim to investigate the efficacy of an existing CBT intervention adapted for children with ADHD and comorbid anxiety compared with usual care. Methods This RCT is recruiting children aged 8–12 years (N = 228) from pediatrician practices in Victoria, Australia. Eligibility criteria include meeting full diagnostic criteria for ADHD and at least one anxiety disorder (Generalized, Separation or Social). Eligible children are randomized to receive a 10 session CBT intervention (Cool Kids) versus usual clinical care from their pediatrician. The intervention focuses on building child and parent skills and strategies to manage anxiety and associated impairments including cognitive restructuring and graded exposure. Minor adaptations have been made to the delivery of the intervention to meet the needs of children with ADHD including increased use of visual materials and breaks between activities. The primary outcome is change in the proportion of children meeting diagnostic criteria for an anxiety disorder at 5 months randomization. This will be assessed via diagnostic interview with the child’s parent (Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for Children V) conducted by a researcher blinded to intervention condition. Secondary outcomes include a range of child (e.g., anxiety symptoms, ADHD severity, behavior, quality of life, sleep, cognitive functioning, school attendance) and parent (e.g., mental health, parenting behaviors, work attendance) domains of functioning assessed at 5 and 12 months post-randomization. Outcomes will be analyzed using logistic and mixed effects regression. Discussion The results from this study will provide evidence on whether treating comorbid anxiety in children with ADHD using a CBT approach leads to improvements in anxiety and/or broader functional outcomes. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN59518816 (10.1186/ISRCTN59518816). The trial was first registered 29/9/15 and last updated 15/1/19.
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