Relevant bibliographies by topics / Post reform period

Academic literature on the topic 'Post reform period'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Post reform period"

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DR. J.P.SABANNAVAR, DR J. P. SABANNAVAR, and DR P. L. HARALE DR. P.L.HARALE. "Bank Finance to Indian Farmers in Post Reform Period." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 6 (October 1, 2011): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2014/23.

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Sen Gupta, Granthana. "Stability in Indian Export Value of Coffee in Post Reform Period." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 3 (March 5, 2024): 1048–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24310190212.

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Pawar, Sneha Sharad. "Trajectory of Manufacturing Industry in India since Post Reform Period." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 8 (July 30, 2018): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i8.3344.

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Manufacturing has been an engine of growth in India in the seventies and eighties. After the 1991 reforms the engine appears to be slowing. This paper attempts to examine the reality behind the increased productivity by applying methods that measure productivity per factor and returns to scale. The analysis reveals that manufacturing output growth in post reform period is ‘input-driven’ rather than efficiency driven. The growth in manufacturing sector is dependent on the investment climate. The structural reforms since 1990s have made some progress. Despite recent setbacks, it is universally acknowledged that the reforms process in India cannot be reversed and sooner or later these reforms will be implemented. However, the long term competitive ability of Indian firms would depend on production efficiency. Production efficiency, in turn, is dependent on ability to develop, import and adapt new technologies among other factors. Hence, for achieving the efficiency the theories have been critically examined from Indian scenario and some measures have suggested in this paper.
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Udodov, G. A., T. O. Chukaev, and E. N. Kozinnikova. "Artels in post-reform period in Russia." Закон и право, no. 6 (2023): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.56539/20733313_2023_6_55.

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Dwivedi, Anubhuti, and Maroof Ahmad. "Productivity Change in Indian Manufacturing: A Comparison of Pre Reform and Post Reform Period." ANUSANDHAN – NDIM's Journal of Business and Management Research 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.56411/anusandhan.2019.v1i2.46-51.

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The economic reforms were initiated in 1991 as part of the structural adjustment programme in India. It constituted of the three-pronged approach of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization to boost investment, production and productivity in the economy. This paper attempts to analyse the trend of, technical efficiency, technological change and TFP growth in the Indian manufacturing sector during 1981-82 to 2011-12. The period up to 1990-91 is considered as pre-reform while the subsequent period is regarded as post-reform. The data used in this study for calculating productivity and its various components have been sourced from the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) for the relevant years. The manufacturing sector is modelled as an industry producing a scalar output measured by the gross value added at constant prices by employing two-factor inputs namely labour and capital. Data Envelopment Analysis based Malmquist Index has been calculated to arrive at the estimates of technical efficiency, technological change and total factor productivity growth and a comparison has been made between pre-reform and post-reform period.
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Dr.P.Vikkraman, Dr P. Vikkraman, and N. Sumathi N.Sumathi. "An Analytical Study On Apparel Retail Marketing In India Post Reform Period." International Journal of Scientific Research 1, no. 4 (June 1, 2012): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/sep2012/35.

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Amutha, R. "Priority Sector Lendings in the Post Reform Period." Adarsh Journal of Management Research 4, no. 2 (September 1, 2011): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21095/ajmr/2011/v4/i2/88297.

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Charvát, Jakub. "Temptation of the “Powerful”: The politics of electoral reform in Central Europe in post-transitional period." Slovak Journal of Political Sciences 16, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2016-0017.

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Abstract The paper explores and analyses processes of electoral reforms in selected Central European countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, and Slovenia) in post-transitional period. The qualitative analysis focuses “only” on the enacted changes in electoral systems and its purpose is not to evaluate the impact and political consequences of individual changes but rather to concentrate, through a theoretically-informed detailed contextual analysis, on the electoral reform process itself. It is therefore concerned with contextual factors affecting, underlying, initiating and/or controlling these changes. The paper identifies political elites as the main actors of electoral reform processes in selected countries, and it tries to explain both motivations of political elites for changing status quo electoral systems and other circumstances of electoral reform processes in Central Europe as well. The analysis also suggests that processes of electoral reform in post-transitional period in Central Europe are characterized by a tendency to less proportional electoral system designs, with the only exception of the Slovak electoral reform of 1999 (due to specific political constellation), while it did not discover any clear tendency regarding personalization of electoral systems.
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Bentley, Sandra. "The Reformed Californian Workers' Compensation System: Outcomes for Injured Workers." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 5, no. 1 (1999): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200001198.

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In a period of legislative reform, New South Wales' workers compensation stakeholders can learn at least broad lessons by making comparisons with the experience of other countries in post reform review. This article considers the overall impact of the 1993 reforms on the Californian workers' compensation system, with focus on reforms and outcomes in the Vocational Rehabilitation sector. It was found post reform that the number of claims and paid benefits have decreased substantially, and total premiums paid and Vocational Rehabilitation expenditures are down dramatically. However, the changes are blamed for an increase in legal complexity, as return-to work outcomes and post-injury earnings for injured workers appear to have worsened. Additionally benefit levels remain a continuing concern.
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DR.S.GANDHIMATHI, DR S. GANDHIMATHI. "Crude Oil Import in Inida - A Comparative Study Between Pre and Post Reform Period." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/apr2014/34.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post reform period"

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Baidya, Manas Kumar. "India`s efficient banks today and tomorrow : a comparative performance analysis during post reform period." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1327.

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Mak, Keng Ieng. "Economic growth and productivity performance of the Pearl River Delta in the post-reform period." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1637004.

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Deeks, Graham. "Managing change in primary schools : impact and consequences in the post Education Reform Act period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321605.

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Chakrabarti, Anjan. "Trends in Agricultural Productivity in post land reform period : a study of employment and the economy of West Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1507.

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Wiseman, A. "Investigating the personal in professional development : analysing Bulgarian educators' narratives of change in their professional lives during a period of post Soviet educational reforms." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2017. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/30137/.

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This thesis explores the development of a group of teacher trainers’ professional lives following their involvement in a teacher training project in Bulgaria in the 1990’s. The study investigates if and to what extent the trainers perceived their professional lives to have developed as a result of their involvement in the project. The researcher returned to the group of trainers 15 years after the project end to ascertain the long term impact of the project on their professional lives. This study uses a qualitative methodology focusing on narratives collected from semi structured interviews conducted over a three year period with six of the original trainers from the project. The data from the interviews was analysed using three different approaches, and a software analysis package was also used. The research findings show that although the changing political and education context in the 1990’s impacted on the trainers’ professional lives, the project was the springboard to help them develop and reformulate their professional lives. Findings show that involvement in the project had many unanticipated outcomes. Although it was emotionally challenging for some, involvement in it gave them confidence, extra status and helped some gain prestigious posts. It therefore substantially affected the trainers’ professional lives. The research concludes that interventions which involve a change process have a positive and long lasting impact on the participants which is rarely acknowledged. It proposes that for projects to be successful, sustainable, and inclusive, more attention should be paid to the intended participants by involving them at all levels of the planning process. Additionally, it is suggested that an evaluation of the long term impact of a project on its participants should be embedded in any project design.
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Qvarsebo, Jonas. "Skolbarnets fostran : Enhetsskolan, agan och politiken om barnet 1946-1962." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Institutionen för tema, Tema Barn, Linköpings universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7272.

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Books on the topic "Post reform period"

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2.

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Singh, Surjit. Agriculture credit in the post-reform period: Some concerns. Jaipur: Institute of Development Studies, 2005.

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Misra, Biswa Swarup. Regional Growth Dynamics in India in the Post-Economic Reform Period. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230206304.

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Vidhya, Soundararajan, and Madras School of Economics, eds. Sources of output growth in Indian agriculture during the post-reform period. Chennai: Madras School of Economics, 2008.

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Centre for Women's Development Studies (New Delhi, India), ed. Women's work in the post reform period: An exploration of macro data. New Delhi: Centre for Women's Development Studies, 2009.

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Chakraborty, Indrani. Financial development and economic growth in India: An analysis of the post-reform period. Kolkata: Institute of Development Studies, 2008.

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Abdrahmanov, Konstantin. Everyday work of the merchants of the Orenburg Province in the post-reform period (1865-1914). ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2082662.

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The monograph is devoted to the analysis of various spheres of everyday work of Orenburg provincial merchants of the second half of the XIX — early XX century. The study made it possible to understand that the business behavior of merchants, the degree of comfort of their work and the change in the number of the merchant class depended on a variety of objective and subjective factors. It is addressed to historians, economists, art historians, cultural scientists, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in the history of the development of domestic entrepreneurship.
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Chastnovladelʹcheskoe khozi︠a︡ĭstvo Saratovskoĭ gubernii v poreformennyĭ period: (1861-1904 gg.) monografii︠a︡ = Privately economy of Saratov province in the post-reform period (1861-1904) monograph. Volgograd: Volgogradskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ gosudarstvennoĭ sluzhby, 2010.

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K, Thukral R., and Datanet India Pvt Ltd, eds. Indiastat e-yearbook 2006: Socio-economic reference database of the post reform period in India, 1991 to 2005. New Delhi: Publication Cell, Datanet India Pvt. Ltd., 2006.

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Mazumdar, Dipak. Measurement and determinants of poverty in pre and post reform period in India: An analysis for India and major states. New Delhi: Institute for Human Development, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Post reform period"

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Li, Larry, and Adela McMurray. "Internal Reform During the Post-scandal Period." In Corporate Fraud Across the Globe, 277–309. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3667-8_11.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Measurement of Efficiency of the Select Indian Manufacturing Firms and Its Determinants: Implications of Firm-Specific and Macroeconomic Factors." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 69–88. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_4.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Factors Affecting Financial Performance of Firms: An Exploration of the Existing Research Works." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 37–67. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_3.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Manufacturing Policies in India: A Disaggregated Analysis." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 19–36. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_2.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Interrelationship Between Macroeconomic Fundamentals and Sector-Specific Stock Indices of the Indian Manufacturing Sector." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 109–32. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_6.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Summary and Policy Implications." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 133–43. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_7.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Introduction." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 1–18. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_1.

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Maji, Sumit Kumar, Arindam Laha, and Debasish Sur. "Implications of Various Macroeconomic and Firm-Specific Factors on the Financial Performance of the Select Indian Manufacturing Firms." In Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period, 89–107. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2666-2_5.

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Rai, Marina. "Public Distribution System in the post-reform period." In The Routledge Handbook of Post-Reform Indian Economy, 424–42. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367855741-27.

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Grewal, Indu. "Relationship Between Inflation and Macroeconomic Variables During Pre- and Post-reform Period." In Digital Economy Post COVID-19 Era, 307–19. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0197-5_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Post reform period"

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PURII, Roman. "HAPPINESS-ORIENTED ECONOMY OF UKRAINE OF POST-WAR PERIOD." In Proceedings of The Third International Scientific Conference “Happiness and Contemporary Society”. SPOLOM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2022.34.

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The role of the Russian Federation invasion to the territory of Ukraine on February, 24, 2022, is considered as a trigger of the global shift to a new social order. The main principles of happiness-oriented economy and specificity of its implementation in Ukraine during the post-war period are analyzed. The main drivers for the sustainable balanced development of Ukraine are highlighted, in particular, the implementation of the Universal Unconditional Basic Income (UUBI), Single Digital Fiscal Accounting Payment System (SDFAPS) and tax reforms. Keywords: happiness-oriented economy, post-war economy of Ukraine, a new social order, bionic approach to economy administration, tax reform, Universal Unconditional Basic Income (UBI), Single Digital Fiscal Accounting Payment System (SDFAPS).
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Isakiyeva, Zulai S. "Some Issues Of Development Of Grozny In The Post-Reform Period." In SCTCGM 2018 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.03.02.225.

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Zhi, Zou. "Research on the Reform Path of the Class Teaching Informatization in Post-Epidemic Period." In EBIMCS 2020: 2020 3rd International Conference on E-Business, Information Management and Computer Science. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3453187.3453350.

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Wang, Yuan, Liping Huang, Sanli Fu, Xueyong Ding, Liangcheng Wang, and Liansheng Wang. "Exploration on Real Time Interactive Teaching Reform of History of Physical Discovery Course in Post Epidemic Period." In 6th International Conference on Education Reform and Modern Management (ERMM 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210513.009.

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"Analysis of the Mechanisms of Development of the Russian Hydropower in the Post-Reform Period." In 2019 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Education and Economic Development. Clausius Scientific Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/ceed.2019.017.

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Бирюкова, Анастасия Михайловна. "LEGAL REGULATION OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY OF THE MOSCOW REGION PEASANTRY IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Май 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt185.2020.39.61.039.

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В данной статье рассмотрены основные нормативно-правовые акты российского государства в отношении крестьян столичной губернии в конце XIX - начале XX вв. Автор показывает влияние этих документов на социально-экономическое положение подмосковного крестьянства в указанный период. This article touches upon the main regulatory legal Russian acts in relation to the peasants of the capital province in the late XIX - early XX centuries. The author shows the influence of these documents on the socio-economic situation of the peasantry near Moscow during the period.
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Goncharuk, N. Т., and A. P. Samoilov. "COMPETENCE DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN MILITARY ADMINISTRATIONS AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES DURING MARTIAL LAW AND POST-WAR PERIOD." In WAYS TO REFORM PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT UNDER MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE. Izdevnieciba “Baltija Publishing”, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-419-1-3.

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Alyaeva, Lyudmila, and Viktor Shagaev. "REGULATION OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF A HIGHER MILITARY SCHOOL TEACHER IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD: HISTORICAL FND LEGAL ASPECT." In Development of legal systems in Russia and foreign countries: problems of theory and practices. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02090-6-0-17-24.

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The article presents a historical and legal analysis of the processes of regulation of professional activity of the teaching staff of the higher military school in the post-reform period. The peculiarities of this regulation caused by the specifics of teaching military sciences in academies are noted.
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Samoilov, D. "Geographic information analysis of seasonal works and local migrations of peasants in the Vologda district during the post-reform period." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1825.978-5-317-06529-4/303-310.

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The paper deals with seasonal work and local migrations of Vologda uyezd peasants after the abolition of serfdom in Russia. It has been found that traditional explanation which claims agricultural crisis as main reason of peasants leaving their villages for seasonal work was not confirmed by the information from local documents. The research is based on GIS displaying demographic change and migration activities in every village of Vologda uyezd in 1859–1914.
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Turushev, Evgeniy Vladimirovich. "Dynamics of peasants' crafts development in Trans-Urals during post-reform period (60s of the XIX – beginning of the XX)." In VIII International applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-111855.

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Reports on the topic "Post reform period"

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Amaral, Luciano. A Monetary Plethora and What to do with It: the Bank of Portugal during World War II and the Post-War Period (1939-1960). Working Paper in Economic and Social History, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55462/wpaphes_a_501.

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Up to World War II the Bank of Portugal (BoP) was far from possessing the features normally associated with a central bank. It was still a commercial bank, although one that had acquired some central bank functions. The World War II period was decisive to change this ambiguity. The change was mostly caused by an unusually large influx of international means of payment (gold and foreign exchange) as a consequence of Portuguese neutrality during the war, which allowed the BoP to transform its balance sheet structure: the BoP became the institution centralising commercial banks’ reserves. However, all of this happened during a very disturbing period for the BoP. The BoP had been reformed to function as the manager of the escudo in the gold-exchange standard. But just a few months after the reform, the gold-exchange standard collapsed. The BoP adapted quickly to the new environment of discretion, Government interference, and nationalism. It did it so, however, in a relatively original way: it followed the trend but kept at the same time certain features of a central bank still committed to gold standard principles. This was visible during both the World War II and Post-War periods.
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Rodríguez-Clare, Andrés, and Alberto Melo. Productive Development Policies and Supporting Institutions in Latin America and The Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011292.

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This paper examines the evolution of productive development policies in Latin America in the last half century, with an emphasis on the post-reform period. The paper begins with a review of the import-substitution era and goes on to describe and make a preliminary assessment of the meaning and implications of productive development policies in the liberalization period.
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Wiener, Joshua M., Mary E. Knowles, and Erin E. White. Financing Long-Term Services and Supports: Continuity and Change. RTI Press, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0042.1709.

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This article provides an overview of financing for long-term services and supports (LTSS) in the United States, paying special attention to how it has changed and not changed over the last 30 years. Although LTSS expenditures have increased greatly (like the rest of health care), the broad outline of the financing system has remained remarkably constant. Medicaid—a means-tested program—continues to dominate LTSS financing, while private long-term care insurance plays a minor role. High out-of-pocket costs and spend-down to Medicaid because of those high costs continue to be hallmarks of the system. Although many major LTSS financing reform proposals were introduced over this period, none was enacted—except the Community Living Assistance Services and Supports Act, which was repealed before implementation because of concerns about adverse selection. The one major change during this time period has been the very large increase in Medicare spending for post-acute services, such as short-term skilled nursing facility and home health care. With the aging of the population, demand for LTSS is likely to increase, placing strain on the existing system.
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Bruns, Barbara, Ben Ross Schneider, and Jaime Saavedra. The Politics of Transforming Education in Peru: 2007-2020. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/135.

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Peru is one of a relatively small number of middle-income countries whose education strategy to raise student learning has involved significant reforms of teacher policy sustained over a sufficiently long period (more than 10 years). Global experience shows that core reforms of the teaching career are both politically and technically challenging. The focus of this paper is the content and implementation of reforms to raise teacher quality in Peru in the period 2007-2020 in the hope that other countries facing the same challenges can benefit from this experience. We conclude with some reflections on how education policy and education politics have contributed to the post-pandemic landscape.
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Dickson, Matt. Modelling the Impact of Raising the Age of Participation to 18. Wales Centre for Public Policy - Cardiff University, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/20220106.

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In England, the compulsory age of participation in education or training was raised to 17 in 2013 and then 18 in 2015. In Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, the school leaving age is 16. The idea of raising the age of participation in education or training is gaining traction in the Scottish context, as well as in Wales. The Wales Centre for Public Policy (WCPP) conducted research for the Welsh Government to explore the implications of pursuing this policy in Wales. The research considered how raising the participation age (RPA) might interact with ongoing reforms to school age and post-16 provision in Wales, and explored alternative policies which concentrate on reducing early school leaving as opposed to policies that legally require young people to remain in learning for longer periods of time.
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Jiménez, Juan Pablo, Leonardo Letelier, Ignacio Ruelas, and Jaime Bonet-Morón. Reglas fiscales subnacionales: Revisión empírica, experiencias internacionales y sus desafíos en la nueva institucionalidad fiscal post COVID. Banco de la República, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.300.

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Durante las últimas dos décadas, la utilización de reglas fiscales ha tenido un aumento significativo alrededor del mundo. Si bien la evidencia internacional ha destacado algunos beneficios a partir de su implementación, las experiencias de América Latina en la puesta en marcha y los resultados han sido heterogéneos. Esas reglas fiscales inicialmente cobijaban a los gobiernos nacionales, pero luego se fueron ampliando a los subnacionales, en parte porque los procesos de descentralización fiscal fueron entregando más responsabilidades en materia de ingreso y gasto público a los gobiernos subnacionales. La revisión de las experiencias internacionales en esta materia provee lecciones de política importantes para futuros cambios en las normas de responsabilidad fiscal nacional y subnacional en los países, en especial ante las condiciones que ha impuesto al sector público la pandemia del COVID-19. Este documento hace una revisión exhaustiva de la evolución de las reglas fiscales subnacionales alrededor del mundo, identificando los principales factores que contribuyen al éxito o fracaso de estas. Además, permite identificar los elementos clave en una posible agenda de reforma ante las fallas en las reglas fiscales que ha visibilizado la actual pandemia.
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7

Rosser, Andrew, Phil King, and Danang Widoyoko. The Political Economy of the Learning Crisis in Indonesia. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-2022/pe01.

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Indonesia has done much to improve access to education in recent decades but it has had little success in improving learning outcomes. This paper examines the political origins of this problem. It argues that Indonesia’s learning crisis has reflected the political dominance during the New Order and post-New Order periods of predatory political, bureaucratic and corporate elites who have sought to use the country’s education system to accumulate resources, distribute patronage, mobilize political support, and exercise political control rather than produce skilled workers and critical and inquiring minds. Technocratic and progressive elements, who have supported a stronger focus on basic skills acquisition, have contested this orientation, with occasional success, but generally contestation has been settled in favour of predatory elites. The analysis accordingly suggests that efforts to improve learning outcomes in Indonesia are unlikely to produce significant results unless there is a fundamental reconfiguration of power relations between these elements. In the absence of such a shift, moves to increase funding levels, address human resource deficits, eliminate perverse incentive structures, and improve education management in accordance with technocratic templates of international best practice or progressive notions of equity and social justice—the sorts of measures that have been the focus of education reform efforts in Indonesia so far—are unlikely to produce the intended results.
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Garay, Luis Jorge, Antoni Estevadeordal, and Robert Devlin. The FTAA: Some Longer Term Issues. Inter-American Development Bank, August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008680.

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The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) process was launched during the Miami Summit of Heads of State in December 1994. It was the centerpiece of a broader hemispheric initiative of political and socio-economic cooperation among 34 countries of the Americas with the objective to negotiate a hemispheric free trade agreement by the year 2005. The preparatory phase began in January 1995 and formal negotiations were launched in April 1998. The creation of an FTAA would clearly be the most important chapter in the history of regional cooperation in the Western Hemisphere and mark a fitting culmination to a fast maturing trade policy framework in Latin America and the Caribbean. The FTAA process is the result of progressive globalization of the world economy and a profound transformation in the region based on: (i) structural economic reforms in almost all the countries directed at stimulating market activity and a better articulation with the world economy; (ii) the emergence, or strengthening, of democratic regimes almost everywhere and (iii) political commitments to foster peace and cooperation among neighbors with a history of rivalry and conflict. Regional integration has been a fundamental complementary tool for achieving these ambitious national objectives, which permeate the entire region. Latin America and the Caribbean have a long tradition of interest in regional integration. An intense amount of activity in this area emerged out of the Post-War period. However, the initiatives in the first three decades following the War inserted themselves in the prevailing state-led import substitution strategy of the time, itself to a large extent a product of "market skepticism" derived from the Great Depression. In the 1990s, however, a "new" regionalism emerged in Latin America and the Caribbean that conformed to the new national strategies for economic and political transformation and preparation for globalization.
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Madu, Laura, Jacqueline Sharp, and Bobby Bellflower. Efficacy of Integrating CBT for Mental Health Care into Substance Abuse Treatment in Patients with Comorbid Disorders of Substance Abuse and Mental Illness. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0004.

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Abstract: Multiple studies have found that psychiatric disorders, like mood disorders and substance use disorders, are highly comorbid among adults with either disorder. Integrated treatment refers to the treatment of two or more conditions and the use of multiple therapies such as the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Integrated therapy for comorbidity per numerous studies has consistently been superior to the treatment of individual disorders separately. The purpose of this QI project was to identify the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) instead of current treatment as usual for treating Substance Use Disorder (SUD) or mental health diagnosis independently. It is a retrospective chart review. The review examines CBT's efficacy for engaging individuals with co-occurring mood and substance u se disorders in treatment by enhancing adherence and preventing disengagement and relapse. Methods: Forty adults aged 26-55 with a DSM-IV diagnosis of a mood disorder of Major Depressive Disorder and/or anxiety and concurrent substance use disorder (at least weekly use in the past month). Participants received 12 sessions of individual integrated CBT treatment delivered with case management over a 12-week period. Results: The intervention was associated with significant improvements in mood disorder, substance use, and coping skills at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Conclusions: These results provide some evidence for the effectiveness of the integrated CBT intervention in individuals with co-occurring disorders. Of note, all psychotherapies are efficacious; however, it would be more advantageous to develop a standardized CBT that identifies variables that facilitate treatment outcomes specifically to comorbid disorders of substance use and mood disorders. It is concluded that there is potentially more to be gained from further studies using randomized controlled designs to determine its efficacy.
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Playing the long game: Experimenting Smart Specialisation in the Basque Country 2016-2019. Universidad de Deusto, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ajzo9759.

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Smart specialization strategies (RIS3) represent arguably the most ambitious regional innovation policy ever launched in the EU and as such have posed a major challenge for governments. While developing a smart specialization strategy has not been an entirely new adventure for the Basque Country, which has consistently pursued an industrial strategy over more than thirty years, there is enough novelty in the RIS3 process to pose a challenge even for mature regional innovation policy systems. This report builds on previous analysis of the early implementation of the Basque Country RIS3 (Aranguren et al, 2016) to explore how the processes initially set in motion have subsequently evolved. The focus is on the period 2016-2019 and the analysis is based on interviews with 28 key actors in the Basque RIS3 process alongside a range of other documentary sources. The analysis finds significant changes in the governance of the entrepreneurial discovery processes established in the three strategic priority areas (advanced manufacturing, energy and bio-health) and four opportunity niches (ecosystems, food, urban habitat and creative and cultural industries). These are materializing in changes in the actors engaged and the strategies pursued, and they lead to six core conclusions that might form the basis for recommendations for the future. In line with a ‘living strategy’, a new configuration of priorities is emerging There is an increasing horizontalization taking place, built on cross-cutting concern for internationalization, skills, new business models and entrepreneurship Engaging SMEs remains a huge challenge, and Basque experience points to key roles for cluster associations, local development agencies and vocational training centres The integration of social challenges (and civil society) remains a key challenge, and might take inspiration from Agenda 2030 and from transformative innovation policy or mission-oriented policy approaches There is a specific need for larger, more integrated projects, which will require further adaption of the implementation and policy mix There is need to work on the voice of regions within EU decision-making dynamics and to strengthen coordination across regional initiatives The evolution of the entrepreneurial discovery process observed in the Basque Country sheds light on some of the key issues with the ongoing development of RIS3 across Europe. These include the nature of their experimentalist polity, the further reform of regional research and innovation systems, the rising status of monitoring and evaluation as a strategic diagnostic tool, and the need to re-enforce synergies between EU policy instruments and across EU regions.
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