Journal articles: 'Post-natal depression'

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Frew, Pamela J. "Post natal depression." Nursing Standard 2, no. 19 (February 13, 1988): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.2.19.36.s66.

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Nicolson, Paula. "Post Natal Depression." Self & Society 16, no. 6 (November 1988): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03060497.1988.11084948.

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Okpala, Debbie. "Preventing post-natal depression." Nursing Standard 5, no. 36 (May 29, 1991): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.5.36.32.s43.

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Ilyas, Muhammad, Jawed Akbar Dars, Chooni Lal, and Fazal Ullah. "Examine the Frequency of Postnatal Depression in Mothers having Malnourished Infants." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 3170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115123170.

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Background: Healthy child development is dependent on a mentally and physically healthy mother. Depressions in mother can adversely affect their offspring healthy growth. Aim: To estimate the frequency of post-natal depression in mothers having malnourished infants. Place and duration of study: Department of Psychiatry, Balochistan Institute of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Qeutta from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: In this case control study 250 mothers (125 were malnourished infants or toddlers mothers and other 125 from healthy weight infants/toddlers mothers) were interviewed to assess their depressional state. Their stress inducing factors, age and other clinical comorbidities were also documented. Results: Mean mother age of malnourished infants/toddlers was 28.1±6.6 years in comparison to 27.8±5.2 years of healthy weight infants/toddlers mother’s respectively. Twenty four percent malnourished infant/toddlers’ mothers were single parent. Un-employed spouse of mothers to malnourished infant/toddlers were found at higher frequency (51.06%) than of healthy infant/toddlers (23.4%).The frequency of post-natal depression among mothers of malnourished infants/toddlers was observed in 57.6% cases Conclusion: Out of total 57.5% mothers of malnourished children suffering from post-natal depression there are 15.2% to 9.6% those having moderate to highly moderate post-natal depression. Keywords: Post-natal depression, Malnourish, Infants, Toddlers

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Vincenti, G. E. "Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 6 (December 1987): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000137171.

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Rahmanian, H. "Post Natal Depression in Iran." European Psychiatry 30 (March 2015): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31405-x.

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Patel, Najarana, Stella Gracy G, and Muhammedeazaz Ahmed. "A Retrospective Study to Identify the Causes of Post-Natal Depression among Post-Natal Mothers of a Selected Hospital at Bharuch, Gujarat." Nursing Journal of India CXI, no. 06 (2020): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.48029/nji.2020.cxi606.

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The birth of a baby can trigger a jumble of powerful emotions, from excitement and joy to fear and anxiety. But it can also result in something you might not expect-depression. Post-natal depression is a type of depression that many parents experience after having a baby. It is a common problem, affecting more than 1 in every 10 women within a year of giving birth. Post-partum depression is not a character Á aw or a weakness. Sometimes it is simply a complication of giving birth. In post-partum depression, prompt treatment can mitigate the symptoms and help develop bonds with baby. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of post-partum depression among post-natal mothers from selected hospital at Bharuch using Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale Score (EPDS). In this retrospective study endeavour was made to assess the level of post-natal depression among mothers; identify the causes of depression among post-natal mothers; Ànd out the association between causes of post-natal depression with demographic variable. Cases were selected by probability sampling in which total enumerative sampling technique was used; total 60 samples were selected. EPDS was used to identify the causes of post-natal depression among mothers; 39 (65%) post-natal mothers had depression not likely; 12 (20%) had possible depression; 7 (11%) had fairly high possibility of depression; 2 (3%) had probably depression. Occupations of the husband, income and marital status have high association with level of depression. The major causes of post-natal depression were Number of pregnancies, Mode of delivery, Sex of baby, Health status of baby and Planned pregnancy. It was found that all factors are signiÀcant except planned pregnancy. To conclude, psychological support would enhance the attachment between mother and children; this will further reduce the impact of depression among the mothers.

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Beckford-Ball, Jason. "The stages of post-natal depression." British Journal of Midwifery 8, no. 2 (February 3, 2000): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2000.8.2.8182.

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Heffernan, Terry. "Post-natal depression—What is it?" Australian College of Midwives Incorporated Journal 3, no. 1 (June 1990): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1031-170x(05)80287-9.

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Appleby, L., and Anna Whitton. "Recruitment for post-natal depression studies." British Journal of Psychiatry 163, no. 5 (November 1993): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.163.5.691a.

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Harris, Brian. "Post-partum Thyroid Dysfunction and Post-natal Depression." Annals of Medicine 25, no. 3 (January 1993): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07853899309147866.

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Sarkar, Sameer P. "‘Post-natal’ depression in fathers, or Early Fatherhood Depression." Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 32, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02668734.2018.1458048.

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Hannah, Patricia, Diana Adams, Angela Lee, Vivette Glover, and M. Sandler. "Links Between Early Post-partum Mood and Post-natal Depression." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 6 (June 1992): 777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.6.777.

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The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to rate 217 patients at five days and six weeks post-partum. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the two scores, together with similar symptom profiles. Of the 25 women who suffered postnatal depression (6–week EPDS score ≥13), 17 had similar symptoms in the first week postpartum (5–day EPDS score ≥10). Low birth weight of the baby, delivery by Caesarean section, a delivery much more difficult than expected, and bottle feeding were all significantly associated with a high EPDS score in the first week post-partum. Bottle feeding and delivery by Caesarean section were the only factors associated with depression at the sixth week. A recollection of low mood after a previous birth was also associated with post-natal depression after the current birth. This, together with an EPDS score of 13 or more at five days post-partum, increased the risk of post-natal depression at six weeks 85–fold.

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Das, Souvik, Dipak Pal, Sanjoy Kumar Sadhukhan, Hasibur Zaman Haque, and Mousumi Datta. "A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence of Post-Natal Depression and its Associates among Women in a Rural Community in Hooghly District, West Bengal." Journal of Comprehensive Health 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53553/jch.v09i01.007.

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Background:Post-natal depression, aserious mental health problem experienced by mothers 4 to 6 weeks after delivery. Patients suffering from post- natal depression are at higher risk of developing major depressive illness in future life. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of post-natal depression and its associates among women in a rural community in Hooghly district, West Bengal. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 83 post-natal mothers (period of 6th to 10th week after delivery) in a rural community in Hooghly district, West Bengal, selected by simple random sampling technique from the list of mothers attending the immunization clinic in a health centreduring the period of April 2019 to September 2019. Data was collected by face-to-face interview and review of records by house to house visits. Depression was assessed by Edinburgh post-natal depression scale (EPDS).Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 16. Results: Prevalence of post-natal depression among study participants came out to be 28.9%. Poor socio-economic status (p=0.000). Unplanned pregnancy (p=0.025), Pre-term delivery (p=0.011) and increase in number of parity (p=0.025) were found to be statistically significantly associated with post-natal depression. Conclusion: Post-natal depression is a major public health problem which should be dealt with great concern while making policy for betterment of maternal and child health especially in low income countries like India. This can be detected early by health care providers in primary health care set up using simple screening tools. Special care and counselling should be provided to them.

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Salama, Marina, Marwa Hasanin, Hala Hanafy, and hossam-eldin kamel. "Effect of Acupressure on Post Natal Depression." Egyptian Journal of Physical Therapy 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejpt.2021.83498.1047.

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Thomas-Philip, A., and D. D'Souza. "An unusual case of post-natal depression." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 25, no. 3 (April 2005): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443610500105720.

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Martin, Kirsty. "D. H. Lawrence and Post-natal Depression." Cambridge Quarterly 47, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/bfx035.

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G., Rashmi A., and Shubhashri N. S. "Validation of Edinburgh post natal depression scale in post-natal woman from a tertiary referral center in South India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 3439. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20203338.

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Background: Pregnancy and childbirth are two most important life-changing events. Post-partum depression can affect mother and has a wide spectrum of presentation depending upon various social factors. Studies suggest that the incidence of postnatal depression among women of high social strata is 13-19% while the incidence is 11-42% among women with limited social support. The present study aims to study postnatal depression and its causes in a postnatal mother in all the aspects of social, physical, cultural and psychiatric grounds in the Indian scenario with the help of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS).Methods: From 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2019, a total 300 postnatal women between 1 to 6 weeks of the postpartum period participated and during their stay in the hospital responded to EPDS. The study was purposive sampling, and full consent of the study subjects was taken before the start of the study.Results: In this study, we found 20.1% of a woman affected by post-partum in South India. The higher percentage of severe depression was seen in the primary gravida (20%). The risk factors such as availability of postnatal care (with NICU admission), the woman with medical complications, late childbirth or delayed childbirth after marriage, multiparity, delivery via caesarean and nuclear family showed significant relationship (p<0.005) with depression.Conclusions: The present study, with a Post-natal depression of 20.1% along with the enumerated risk factors, suggest that the causes for postpartum depression (PPD) among working Indian woman, reflect a change to an urban-centric lifestyle. Further evaluation of these risk factors needs to be made and a routine screening of Postpartum depression (PPD) can help in improving maternal and child health.

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Petrou, Stavros, Peter Cooper, Lynne Murray, and Leslie L. Davidson. "Economic costs of post-natal depression in a high-risk British cohort." British Journal of Psychiatry 181, no. 6 (December 2002): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.181.6.505.

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BackgroundPost-natal depression is a common condition that can result in distress for the mother and deleterious effects on the development of the infant.AimsTo estimate the economic costs of post-natal depression in a geographically defined cohort of women at high risk of developing the condition.MethodUnit costs were applied to estimates of health and social care resource use made by 206 women recruited from antenatal clinics and their infants. Net costs per mother–infant dyad over the first 18 months post-partum were estimated.ResultsMean mother–infant dyad costs were estimated at £2419.00 for women with post-natal depression and £2026.90 for women without post-natal depression, a mean cost difference of £392.10 (P=0.17). The mean cost differences between women with and without post-natal depression reached statistical significance for community care services (P=0.01), but not for other categories of service. Economic costs were higher for women with extended experiences of the condition.ConclusionsThe results of this study should be used to facilitate the effective planning of services by different agencies.

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WYLIE, L., C. J. HOLLINS MARTIN, G. MARLAND, C. R. MARTIN, and J. RANKIN. "The enigma of post-natal depression: an update." Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 18, no. 1 (September 27, 2010): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01626.x.

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Thurtle, Valerie. "Post-natal depression: the relevance of sociological approaches." Journal of Advanced Nursing 22, no. 3 (September 1995): 416–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.22030416.x.

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Not Available, Not Available. "The Post Natal Depression Support Association South Africa." Archives of Women's Mental Health 1, no. 3 (December 29, 1998): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007370050021.

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TRELOAR, S. A., N. G. MARTIN, K. K. BUCHOLZ, P. A. F. MADDEN, and A. C. HEATH. "Genetic influences on post-natal depressive symptoms: findings from an Australian twin sample." Psychological Medicine 29, no. 3 (May 1999): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291799008387.

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Background. Conflicting evidence exists on causes of vulnerability to post-natal depression. We investigated genetic and environmental influences on variation in post-natal depressive symptoms (PNDS) following first live birth, and sources of covariation with the personality trait Neuroticism and lifetime major depression occurring post-natally (DEP-PN) and at other times (DEP-XPN) to test for shared genetic influences.Method. Retrospective interview and questionnaire data from 838 parous female twin pairs (539 monozygotic, 299 dizygotic) from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council volunteer adult twin register were used for multivariate genetic model-fitting. Data on PNDS were evaluated for consistency with diagnostic interview assessment.Results. Genetic factors explained 38% of variance in PNDS (95% confidence interval 26–49%) and 25% of the variance in interview-assessed DEP-PN. The genetic correlation between PNDS and lifetime major depression (DEP-PN and DEP-XPN) was low (rg = 0·17, 95% confidence interval = 0·09–0·28), suggesting that the questionnaire was measuring a construct other than post-natally occurring major depression, possibly post-natal dysphoria. Associations between PNDS and obstetric factors were very modest.Conclusions. Findings suggest modest genetic influences on major depression occurring post-natally. Independent and stronger genetic influences identified for post-natal symptomatology or dysphoria (PNDS) justify further investigation.

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BRUGHA, T. S., S. WHEATLEY, N. A. TAUB, A. CULVERWELL, T. FRIEDMAN, P. KIRWAN, D. R. JONES, and D. A. SHAPIRO. "Pragmatic randomized trial of antenatal intervention to prevent post-natal depression by reducing psychosocial risk factors." Psychological Medicine 30, no. 6 (November 2000): 1273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291799002937.

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Background. Social support theory and observational risk factor studies suggest that increased antenatal psychosocial support could prevent post-natal depression. We used empirical knowledge of risk and protective factors for post-natal depression not employed previously in order to develop and evaluate an antenatal preventive intervention.Methods. We conducted a pragmatic randomized controlled trial in antenatal clinics. We screened 1300 primiparous women and 400 screened positive, 69 screen-positive women were untraceable or not eligible. Of 292 women who completed baseline assessment, 209 consented to randomization, of these 190 provided outcome data 3 months post-natally. ‘Preparing for Parenthood’, a structured antenatal risk factor reducing intervention designed to increase social support and problem-solving skills, was compared with routine antenatal care only. We compared the percentage depressed at 3 months after childbirth using the self-completion General Health Questionnaire Depression scale and Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry a systematic clinical interview.Results. Assignment to the intervention group did not significantly impact on post-natal depression (odds ratio for GHQ-Depression 1·22 (95% CI 0·63–2·39), P = 0·55) or on risk factors for depression. Forty-five per cent of the intervention group women attended sufficient sessions to be likely to benefit from intervention if effective. Attenders benefited no more than non-attenders.Conclusions. Prevention services targeting post-natal depression should not implement antenatal support programmes on these lines until further research has demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of such methods. The development of novel, low cost interventions effective in reducing risk factors should be completed before further trial evaluation.

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Sidhpura, Dhwani Prakash, Satish Pimpale, and Ajay Kumar. "COMPARISON OF POST-NATAL DEPRESSION AMONG WOMEN OF UPPER, MIDDLE AND LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 6, no. 2 (March 20, 2018): 2643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2018.105.

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NICOLSON, PAULA. "Post-Natal Depression: Implications for Clinical Research and Practice." Clinical Psychology Forum 1, no. 22 (August 1989): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpf.1989.1.22.15.

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Augusto, A., R. Kumar, J. M. Calheiros, E. Matos, and E. Figueiredo. "Post-natal depression in an urban area of Portugal: comparison of childbearing women and matched controls." Psychological Medicine 26, no. 1 (January 1996): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700033778.

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SynopsisThe point prevalence of depression measured on one occasion between 2 and 5 months after childbirth was estimated to be 13·1% in 352 mothers living in urban Portugal; the criterion was a score of 13 or more on a translated version of the Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS). More detailed comparisons were made between a subgroup of 118 mothers and 118 matched controls who had not borne a child in the previous 2 years. Post-natal women were twice as likely as non-childbearing controls to meet the EPDS criterion for depression. In comparison with controls, they were also more severely depressed as judged by their total scores on another questionnaire, the Zung Scale. Comparisons of individual symptom scores (Zung Scale) showed that childbearing women, as a whole, reported more somatic symptoms than controls, but when only those women judged to be depressed or dysphoric by the EPDS were compared, this difference disappeared. Stepwise logistic analyses of symptoms contributing to the categorization of a ‘case’ of post-natal versus non-post-natal depression did not reveal any very clear divergences in selfreported psychopathology. In childbearing women, two factors were found significantly to contribute to higher depression scores; women with more children and those from lower socioeconomic groups were most at risk.

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RAHMAN, A., Z. IQBAL, and R. HARRINGTON. "Life events, social support and depression in childbirth: perspectives from a rural community in the developing world." Psychological Medicine 33, no. 7 (September 25, 2003): 1161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291703008286.

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Background. High rates of depression associated with childbirth have been reported in many parts of the developing world. However, the prevalence and associations of antenatal and post-natal depression in the rural population remain unknown. Disability associated with depression and its impact on infant health and development could have important public health implications for many developing countries where large proportions of the population are rural.Method. All women living in southern Kahuta, Pakistan, in their third trimester of pregnancy were interviewed at 6 weeks before delivery (N=632) and again at 10–12 weeks after delivery (N=541), using WHO Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN), Personal Information Questionnaire (PIQ) and Brief Disability Questionnaire (BDQ).Results. The point prevalence of ICD-10 depressive disorder was 25% in the antenatal period and 28% in the post-natal period. Depressed mothers were significantly more disabled, had more threatening life events, and poorer social and family support than non-depressed mothers. Vulnerable mothers were more likely to be depressed during pregnancy, rather than have an onset in the post-natal period.Conclusion. Over one-quarter of mothers in a rural sub-district of Pakistan suffer from depression shortly before and after childbirth. Rapidly changing traditional family structures and practices may be increasing the risk of depression in many women. Recognizing and treating depression should be initiated during the antenatal, rather than post-natal period.

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Harris, Brian, Philip Huckle, Roger Thomas, Sandra Johns, and Hedi Fung. "The use of Rating Scales to Identify Post-natal Depression." British Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 6 (June 1989): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.6.813.

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One hundred and forty-seven mothers were screened for major depression at six to eight weeks postpartum. Using predetermined cut-off points, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Beck scale were compared in their abilities to identify the 15% of subjects who had major depression according to DSM-III criteria. The sensitivity of Edinburgh scale was 95% and its specificity 93%. The performance of the Beck scale was markedly inferior, with a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 88%.

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Rajaratnam, Annie, Shifa Junaidi, Ayshath Safoorah, and Anil Kakunje. "A comparative study to assess the prevalence of depression among postnatal mothers undergoing normal versus caesarean delivery." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 8, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2021.020.

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Among the women during the time of pregnancy and childbirth the most common psychiatric morbidity seen is post natal depression. In order to reduce the effect of delivery on the mental health of mothers and also to increase the quality of life among such mothers numerous scales have been developed and one of such scale is Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) which is considered to be reliable and effective in diagnosing mothers who are at risk for Post Partum depression. The present comparative study was done at a tertiary care centre from December 2019 to February 2020. Study subjects were divided into two groups (Normal delivery and caesarean delivery) and a total of 40 study subjects were included in each group for the purpose of the study. Prevalence of postnatal depression measured by EPDS scale was high in caesarean sections compared to normal deliveries. In normal delivery group, 27.5% of subjects had postnatal depression and in caesarean group, 55% of subjects had postnatal depression. The p value was found to be significant for Post natal depression between both the groups.In the present study it was concluded that the post natal depression was more among the subjects who underwent caesarean section when compared to those who underwent normal delivery.

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Kaur, Jaspreet, Rajwinder Kaur, Pardeep Kaur, Varsha Rani, Vipanjeet Kaur, and Manjot Kaur. "A Descriptive study to assess Post-natal Depression among Primi post-natal mothers in selected Hospitals Ludhiana, Punjab." International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management 8, no. 3 (2020): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2454-2652.2020.00050.5.

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Brockington, I. F., C. Martin, G. W. Brown, D. Goldberg, and F. Margison. "Stress and Puerperal Psychosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 3 (September 1990): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.3.331.

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Eighty-eight in-patients admitted to a psychiatric mother-and-baby unit and 80 randomly selected recently delivered women in the general population were interviewed using the LEDS. Only five of 33 patients (15%) with puerperal psychosis had provoking agents, which is less than the figure for women in the community (36%). Provoking agents were present in only 8 of 25 patients with post-natal depression, but they were present in seven of nine patients with pre-natal depression and eight of nine women in the community with pre-natal depression.

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Parker, Gordon B., Bronwyn Hegarty, Amelia Paterson, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, Isabelle Granville-Smith, and Aniela Gokiert. "Predictors of post-natal depression are shaped distinctly by the measure of ‘depression’." Journal of Affective Disorders 173 (March 2015): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.066.

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Nicolson, Paula. "Explanations of post natal depression: Structuring knowledge of female psychology." Research on Language & Social Interaction 25, no. 1-4 (January 1991): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08351819109389358.

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Likierman, Meira. "Post natal depression, the mother's conflict and parent – infant psychotherapy." Journal of Child Psychotherapy 29, no. 3 (December 2003): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00754170310001625369.

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Stein, Alan, Dennis H. Gath, Janet Bucher, Alison Bond, Ann Day, and Peter J. Cooper. "The Relationship between Post-natal Depression and Mother–Child Interaction." British Journal of Psychiatry 158, no. 1 (January 1991): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.158.1.46.

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The study was based on an index group of 49 mothers who had had depressive disorders in the post-natal year, and 49 control mothers who had been free from any psychiatric disorder since delivery. Nineteen months after childbirth, the interaction between mother and child was assessed by blind assessors using defined observational methods. Compared with controls, index mother-child pairs showed a reduced quality of interaction (e.g. mothers showed less facilitation of their children, children showed less affective sharing and less initial sociability with a stranger). Similar but reduced effects were seen in a subgroup of index mothers and children where the mother had recovered from depression by 19 months. Social and marital difficulties were associated with reduced quality of mother-child interaction.

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Boyce, Philip, Ian Hickie, and Parker Gordon. "Parents, partners or personality? Risk factors for post-natal depression." Journal of Affective Disorders 21, no. 4 (April 1991): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(91)90004-c.

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Jadoon, Aisha Khan, Arzu Jadoon, Sarosh Khan Jadoon, and Shahina Ishtiaq. "Affiliation of Postpartum Depression with Mode of Delivery; A Disregarded Domain." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 10, no. 1 (October 26, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v10i1.551.

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Background: Postpartum Depression is a serious issue that can lead to irreversible disasters if not timely recognized and diagnosed. There are various modes of delivery; which may contribute towards physical and mental trauma. Methods: It was a prospective descriptive cross- sectional study carried out to evaluate the alliance of postnatal depression with different modes of delivery i.e. vaginal or lower segment caesarean section. The study was conducted at Ziauddin University Hospital. A sample size of 200 was taken. It was carried out from June 2019 to December 2019. A Performa was designed that questioned about different socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for post-natal depression (PND). Edinburg Post-Natal Depression Scale (EPNDS) was used for authenticated identification of women with depression in purpeurium. Results: Out of the total sample of 200 women, 100 were taken from the spontaneous vaginal delivery group and 100 from cesarean section group. Mean age was 21-34 years. It was noticed that 60% women who underwent cesarean section became a victim of depression and 40% women who had a normal vaginal delivery were identified to have post natal depression. Conclusion: The study identifies cesarean section to be one of the culprits of postnatal depression as compared to woman undergoing spontaneous vaginal delivery. There is an exponential rise in the frequency of performing unexplained cesarean sections that would also boost up the graphs of postnatal depression; hence there is a dire need to instruct women to follow up postnatal so that they can be evaluated for post partum depression.

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Akker, Olga van den. "Post natal depressionPost natal depression Nicolson Paula Routledge 150pp £11.99 0-415-16363-3 0415163633." Nursing Standard 13, no. 26 (March 17, 1999): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.13.26.25.s43.

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Adli, Farhan Kamali. "Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS): Deteksi Dini dan Skrining Depresi Post-partum." Jurnal Kesehatan 13, no. 2 (September 7, 2022): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.26630/jk.v13i2.2741.

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Russell, Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar, Swetha Madhuri Chikkala, Richa Earnest, Shonima Aynipully Viswanathan, Sushila Russell, and Priya Mary Mammen. "Diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of non-English versions of Edinburgh Post-Natal Depression Scale for screening post-natal depression in India: A meta-analysis." World Journal of Psychiatry 10, no. 4 (April 19, 2020): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v10.i4.71.

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Shinta, Lea Andy. "KEPUASAN MARITAL SEBAGAI HUBUNGAN DEPRESI PASCA DASAR PATERNAL." Jurnal Skolastik Keperawatan 4, no. 2 (March 21, 2019): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35974/jsk.v4i2.713.

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Pendahuluan: Salah satu masalah yang mungkin terjadi setelah kelahiran bayi untuk ayah adalah depresi pasca kelahiran ayah (PPND), depresi pada ayah baru tidak diakui sebagian karena pengetahuan yang relatif terbatas untuk membahas masalah. Pria cenderung melaporkan bahwa mereka mengalami depresi pada kehamilan dan pascapersalinan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan apakah kepuasan pernikahan mempengaruhi depresi pasca kelahiran ayah. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif-korelasional, di mana dalam data dari 300 responden yang dikumpulkan melalui purposive sampling dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ayah yang anak bungsu tiga sampai enam bulan. Hasil: Responden menikmati kehidupan pernikahan yang memuaskan (M = 4.42) dan depresi post-natal ayah rendah (M = 2.39). Kepuasan pernikahan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan paternal post-natal depression p Nilai = 0,006 (<0,05). Diskusi: Di sarankan kepada Pendidik perawat untuk melakukan seminar dalam koordinasi dengan konselor keluarga tentang cara memperkuat hubungan perkawinan antara suami dan istri. Kata Kunci: Kepuasan pernikahan, Paternal Post Natal Depression

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M. S., Sowmya, Halder Abhijit, and Datta Siddhartha. "STUDY OF POST NATAL DEPRESSION IN RELATION TO MODE OF DELIVERY." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 3, no. 57 (October 30, 2014): 13003–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2014/3726.

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Park, Chan Hwa, and Yun Seon Lee. "The Relationship between Maternal Post-natal Depression and Children's Communication Competence." Korean Journal of Childcare and Education 11, no. 5 (October 31, 2015): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14698/jkcce.2015.11.113.

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Prendergast, Joanna, and Marie-Paule Austin. "Early Childhood Nurse-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Counselling for Post-Natal Depression." Australasian Psychiatry 9, no. 3 (September 2001): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1665.2001.00330.x.

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Nicolson, Paula. "Counselling women with post natal depression: Implications from recent qualitative research." Counselling Psychology Quarterly 2, no. 2 (April 1989): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515078908256672.

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Pop, Victor J., Ivan H. Komproe, and Maarten J. van Son. "Characteristics of the Edinburgh post natal depression scale in The Netherlands." Journal of Affective Disorders 26, no. 2 (October 1992): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(92)90041-4.

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Murray, Lynne, and Andrew D. Carothers. "The Validation of the Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale on a Community Sample." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 2 (August 1990): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.2.288.

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The Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS) was validated on a community sample of 702 women at six weeks post-partum using Research Diagnostic Criteria for depression. The estimates of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, being based on a large random sample, offer improved guidelines for the use of the EPDS by the primary care team.

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K., Kruthika, Sharavanan Eshwaran Udayar, and M. D. Mallapur. "An epidemiological study of postnatal depression among women availing maternal health services in rural areas of Belagavi, Karnataka, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 3 (February 22, 2017): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20170754.

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Background: Postnatal depression is an important public health issue exhibiting the strongest link to adverse child outcomes and also maternal morbidity. Objectives were to study the prevalence of Postnatal depression among mothers and to identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms among post-natal mothers.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2016 in two rural areas among 300 women attending immunisation clinics in the Primary health centre with postpartum period less than 3 months were included in the study. Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale was used to for identifying mothers at risk of postnatal depression. A score of ≥13 was considered as positive for depressive symptoms.Results: The prevalence of Post-natal depression 41 (13.6%). Factors like age, literacy status, socio economic status, gravidity, sex of newborn, mode of delivery and unplanned pregnancy were significantly associated with the prevalence of postnatal depression.Conclusions: Early screening of the women and counselling of women and their family will reduce the maternal morbidity and adverse child outcomes.

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Mustaffa, Mohamed Sharif, Deviga a/p Marappan, Mohd Salleh Abu, Aqeel Khan, and Roslee Ahmad. "Social Support during Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Stage: Influence on Maternal Depression and Mental Well-being." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 143 (August 2014): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.506.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Post-natal depression'

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