Academic literature on the topic 'Post-harvest physiology'
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Journal articles on the topic "Post-harvest physiology"
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Krishna, G. Vijay. "Post Harvest Physiology of Mango." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 5, no. 4 (October 30, 2017): 1102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5699.
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Reid, M. S. "Post-harvest physiology of food crops." Scientia Horticulturae 29, no. 3 (July 1986): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(86)90072-5.
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Chaplin, G. R. "ADVANCES IN POST-HARVEST PHYSIOLOGY OF MANGO." Acta Horticulturae, no. 231 (August 1989): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.231.24.
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PILSHCHIKOVA, N. V., and O. F. PANFILOVA. "POST-HARVEST PHYSIOLOGY AND AGING OF CUT FLOWERS." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 4 (2020): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2020-4-5-17.
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The review paper discusses the problems of postharvest physiology associated with maintaining the quality of floriculture products. Petals are an excellent model system for studying the aging process and programmed death of plant cells. The authors outline achievements of molecular biology and epigenetics in studying the regulation mechanisms of aging and cell death, and state their role in the loss of the decorative qualities of flowers. The study of water metabolism, the activity of antioxidant systems, and the stability of cell membranes has shown that their changes begin in the early stages of flower development and precede visible signs of the loss of decorative qualities.Common features and differences in the aging dynamics of leaves and petals are noted. Maintaining the water status of leafy shoots is an important factor in maintaining the quality of flower products. Using the inhibitory method (STS, 1-MCP) the authors have shown that ethylene is a trigger of the aging process only in a limited range of plants. Many modern hybrids of garden cloves that are typically considered ethylene sensitive are not sensitive to ethylene. In alstroemeria, lilies,and freesia, ethylene is involved only in the final stage of flower aging and petal fall. The threshold value of the activity of hydrolytic enzymes that ensure the mobilization of proteins and lipids can be a leading factor in starting the aging mechanisms. Ethylene only increases the efficiency of using nutrients to form seeds and fruits. Research based on physiological, biochemical, and genetic approaches should provide a clearer picture of aging and its regulation. Studyig the role of ROS and antioxidant systems can be quite promising for assessing the common and different signaling pathways in different parts of a plant. 5-sulfosalicylic acid, which increases the activity of antioxidant systems, can gain its rightful place in a series of products to slow down the aging of cut flowers, especially in ethylene-insensitive species.
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Martineli, Maristella, Ariane Castricini, Victor Martins Maia, and Camila Maida de Albuquerque Maranhão. "Post-harvest physiology of pitaya at different ripening stages." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 1033–0148. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3p1033.
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Red-fleshed pitaya is an attractive fruit not due only to the color of its flesh and skin, but also the scaly shape of its skin. In addition to being a source of vitamins and minerals, it has high commercial value and represents an alternative for cultivation in semiarid regions. Information about the post-harvest physiology of pitaya, which interferes with its ripening, allows the adoption of preservation and quality-maintenance practices. This study examines the respiratory activity and post harvest alterations of pitaya picked in the commercially immature stage of ripeness, by comparing them with fruits picked fully ripe. Physical and chemical aspects of the fruits were evaluated in two harvests, in 2019 and 2020. Six days after harvest, there was an increase in respiratory activity and a change in color in both ripe and commercially immature fruits. Therefore, pitayas picked commercially immature in both harvests had an increase in respiratory activity post-harvest, with a change in skin color during storage; and six days after harvest, in the 2019 harvest, the fruits resembled those that ripened on the plant, without having their quality compromised. However, in the 2020 harvest, six days after harvest, the fruits picked fully ripe showed soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, betacyanins and ascorbic acid contents similar to those measured in the commercially immature fruits.
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Faragher, John D. "Post-harvest physiology of waratah inflorescences (Telopea speciosissima, Proteaceae)." Scientia Horticulturae 28, no. 3 (April 1986): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(86)90009-9.
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Roh, Mark S., S. H. Kim, Alan W. Meerow, and K. Lim. "BULB PRODUCTION, CONTROLLED FLOWERING, AND POST-HARVEST PHYSIOLOGY OF EUCROSIA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 337 (April 1993): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1993.337.7.
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Palei, Suvalaxmi, and D. K. Dash. "Influence of Post-Harvest Application of Plant Extracts and Storage Condition on Post-Harvest Physiology of Mango cv. Amrapalli." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 8 (August 10, 2017): 1429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.173.
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Dey, G., R. K. Mukherjee, and S. Bal. "Influence of Harvest and Post-Harvest Conditions on the Physiology and Germination of Peanut Kernels." Peanut Science 26, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-26-2-1.
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Abstract Harvesting, storage, and shelling procedures can greatly affect seed vigor. In regions where mechanical harvesting and drying procedures are not standard, seeds are often damaged and germination is poor. The objective of this research was to study the effects of different drying procedures on seed quality. Germination of peanut kernel (Arachis hypogaea L., cv. J-11) was significantly affected by harvesting and post-harvest handling and operations. Harvesting at or around 110 d after. emergence showed higher numbers of matured kernels, with high quality and better storability. Pods after harvest were dried in the field following different methods. Field drying of pods with haulms, in heaps to avoid direct exposure to sunlight following the DOR method, was found to be highly suitable in reducing mechanical injury during shelling and also in maintaining higher germinability of seeds in storage. Effects of shelling were assessed in terms of physical damage. Only sound mature kernels (SMK) were used for drying and storage tests, which involved temperatures ranging from 20–50 C (in an air velocity 0.61 to 1.0 m/sec) and ambient to 50% RH conditions. Effects of drying on occurrence of physical damage like % split kernel, bold kernel, and skin slip then were assessed. Both shelling and drying had shown significant effects on germinability, seedling vigor, membrane integrity, dehydrogenase activity, and lipid peroxidation when tested under ambient or accelerated aging conditions. Slow drying or low temperature/low humidity drying reduced physical damage and maintained high vigor and viability during storage.
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Han, T., Y. Wang, L. Li, and X. Ge. "EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS SALICYLIC ACID ON POST HARVEST PHYSIOLOGY OF PEACHES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 628 (December 2003): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2003.628.74.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Post-harvest physiology"
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Chanasut, Usawadee. "Post harvest physiology of Alstroemeria var. Rebecca cut flowers." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268334.
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Duncan, Peter Fergus. "Post-harvest physiology of the scallop Pecten maximus (L.)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1993. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1911/.
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Experiments were carried out to identify the environmental factors influencing survival during emersion with the aim of suggesting modifications to present transit conditions in order to minimise physiological stress, thus improving scallop condition and survival. Results showed that increasing the emersion temperature from 5 to 20oC caused a reduction in maximum survival time of 62%. Similarly, reduction in relative humidity, from 95 to 70% saturation, resulted in 27% reduction in maximum survival time. Scallops exposed to a fine sea-water mist showed a 13% improvement in survival and the survival of scallops tested in December was 67% better than those tested in July. This seasonal effect appeared to be correlated with tissue glycogen concentrations which decreased by 29% over the same period. Maximum survival of any emersed scallop was 166 hours, although the animals were not in an edible condition after this time. Experimental factors which were found not to influence survival directly were packing orientation, enforced shell-valve closure and hypertoxic conditions (˜100% oxygen). These results implicated aspects of energy metabolism as the primary causes of scallop death during emersion and therefore this area was investigated in more detail. Further work showed that, heart rate had a positive linear relationship with temperature until ˜19oC. Thereafter, heart rate became irregular and uncoordinated, suggesting that poorer survival at high temperature is caused by loss of physiological integration and difficulty in meeting increased metabolic demands. The oxygen consumption rate of Pecten maximus in air is reduced to only 50% of the aquatic rate within 8 hours of emersion. This decline in respiration rate continued and was typically between 25 and 30% of the aquatic oxygen consumption rate after 60 hours in air. In addition, heart rate, haemolymph PO2, haemolymph pH and mantle cavity fluid PO2 and pH all decreased during emersion, implying that respiratory and circulatory systems were deteriorating.
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Higgins, James David. "Manipulation of post-harvest physiology in broccoli through an optimised Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation protocol." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3683/.
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The aim of this project was to down-regulate ACC oxidase (ACO) 1 and 2 and ACC synthase (ACS) in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to lengthen post-harvest shelf-life. The ACO 1 and 2 and ACS cDNAs of broccoli were ligated into pSCV1.0 in sense and antisense orientations in relation to a CaMV 35S promoter and nos terminator. They were electroporated into the Agrobacterium rhizogenes co-integrate strain LBA 9402 pRi1855::GFP, and used to co-transform GDDH33, a doubled haploid line derived from the calabrese cultivar Green Duke. 150 transgenic hairy roots were identified by GFP fluorescence, and 18 were regenerated into whole plants. Four of these lines showed severe rol phenotype, which did not appear to be related to TL₋ DNA insert copy number. The floral buds from T₀ broccoli heads were assayed for post-harvest production of ethylene and chlorophyll levels. T₀ lines with ACC oxidase 1 and 2 constructs produced significantly less ethylene than the control plants, and chlorophyll loss was significantly reduced. A positive correlation between post-harvest bud ethylene production and chlorophyll loss was described by the equation y= 0.2386x-23.041. There were two copies of aco1 and aco2 in the Brassica oleracea genome of which one was mapped for each to linkage group 1 and 8, respectively.
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Spackman, Victoria M. T. "An investigation of vascular discolouration in potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) treated with imazethapyr." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369255.
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Maciel, Vlayrton TomÃ. "CaracterizaÃÃo fisica, fisico-quÃmica e enzimÃtica de frutos de seis cultivares de coqueiro anÃo em diferentes estadios de desenvolvimento." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1980.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoO presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar as alteraÃÃes fÃsicas nos frutos e fÃsico-quÃmicas, enzimÃticas e sensoriais na Ãgua de coco de seis cultivares de coqueiro anÃo em sete estÃdios de desenvolvimento. As cultivares analisadas foram: AnÃo Verde de Jequi (AVeJ), AnÃo Amarelo de Gramame (AAG), AnÃo Amarelo da MalÃsia (AAM), AnÃo Vermelho de CamarÃes (AVC), AnÃo Vermelho da MalÃsia (AVM), sendo os frutos colhidos em um campo experimental da Embrapa Meio Norte (ParnaÃba, PI) nos seguintes estÃdios de desenvolvimento: 126, 147, 168, 189, 210, 231, 252 dias apÃs a abertura da inflorescÃncia. Logo apÃs a colheita, os frutos foram conduzidos para o laboratÃrio de Fisiologia e Tecnologia de PÃs-colheita na Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical, em Fortaleza, CearÃ, onde foram feitas as anÃlises fÃsicas e fÃsico-quÃmicas. Parte das amostras foram armazenadas a -85ÂC e, em seguida, transportadas para o LaboratÃrio de Fisiologia Vegetal, do Departamento de BioquÃmica e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, onde foram feitas as anÃlises enzimÃticas. O experimento seguiu um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial do tipo 6 x 7,. Foram feitas as caracterizaÃÃes fÃsicas individuais dos frutos (massa, comprimento maior, diÃmetro, volume da Ãgua e cor da casca), e em seguida, as avaliaÃÃes fÃsico-quÃmicas da Ãgua de coco: sÃlidos solÃveis totais (SS), aÃÃcares solÃveis totais (AST) e redutores (AR), acidez total titulÃvel (ATT), relaÃÃo SS/ATT, pH, turbidez e proteÃna). Foram, tambÃm, avaliadas as atividades das enzimas que oxidam fenÃis [polifenoloxidase (PFO) e peroxidase especÃfica para o guaiacol (G-POD)], bem como aquelas do ciclo do ascorbato-glutationa [dismutase do superÃxido (SOD), catalase (CAT) e peroxidase do ascorbato (APX)], sendo tambÃm determinados alguns atributos sensoriais da Ãgua de coco. Os resultados deste experimento mostraram que as cultivares AVM, AAG e AAM, podem ser exploradas comercialmente, devido Ãs qualidade fÃsicas e fÃsico-quÃmicas que apresentaram. Pode-se concluir tambÃm que, independente da cultivar, o melhor perÃodo para colheita encontra-se na faixa de 189 a 210 dias de desenvolvimento dos frutos, pois nesse perÃodo as cultivares analisadas apresentaram os melhores atributos de qualidade.. NÃo foi detectada atividade da G-POD na Ãgua de coco de nenhuma das cultivares. A atividade da SOD na Ãgua de coco aumentou nos estÃdios iniciais de desenvolvimento dos frutos de todas as cultivares, destacando-se as cultivares AVG e AVeJ como as que apresentaram maiores atividades dessa enzima. A CAT mostrou-se a principal enzima eliminadora de perÃxido de hidrogÃnio da Ãgua de coco e sua atividade variou muito com o desenvolvimento dos frutos e tambÃm entre as cultivares
This study aimed at characterizing in fruit and physico-chemical, and sensory enzyme in the coconut water the of six dwarf coconut cultivars at seven stages of development. The studied cultivars were: Green dwarf from Jequi (GDJ), yellow dwarf from Gramame (YDG), yellow dwarf from Malaysia (YDM), Red dwarf from Cameroon (YDC), Red dwarf from Malaysia (RDM), Red dwarf from Gramame (RDG). Fruits were harvested from an experimental field, Embrapa Meio Norte (Parnaiba city, Piauà State), at the following stages of development: 126, 147, 168, 189, 210, 231, and 252 days after the opening of the inflorescences. Upon harvest, fruits were taken to the Laboratory of Postharvest physiology and technology at Embrapa Agroindustria Tropical, located in Fortaleza, CearÃ, were the physical and physic-chemical analyses were performed. Part of the samples were stored at -85ÂC and then transported to the Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department from The Federal University of CearÃ, were the enzymatic study was conducted. The experimental designed was a completely randomized one in a factorial scheme 6 x 7. First physical characterization (mass, length, diameter, water volume, and color of the shell) was individually performed for each fruit, then the physic-chemical analyses of coconut water: total soluble solids (TSS), total soluble sugar (TSSu), reducing sugars (RS), total titratable acidity (TTA), sugar to acid ratio (TSS/TTA), pH, turbidity, and protein. It was also evaluated the activities of enzymes that oxide phenols [polyphenoloxidase (PFO) and peroxidase specific for the guaiacol (G-POD)], as well as those of the cycle of ascorbate-glutathione [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Moreover some of the sensory aspects of the water were evaluated. The results showed that the YDR, YDG, and RDG may be commercially exploited, due to their physical and physic-chemical characteristics. It was also concluded that, the best time for harvesting is somewhat between 189 to 210 days after fruit developed set, since right at this time the studied cultivars presented the best quality attributes. There was detected activity of G-POD in the coconut water from any of the cultivars. The activity of SOD in the coconut water increased in the early stages of development of the fruits of all the cultivars, such as RDG and YDG cultivars such as those that showed higher enzyme activity. A CAT proved to be the main enzyme eliminating of hydrogen peroxide of coconut water and its activity varied greatly it the development of the fruit and also between the cultivars
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Miguel, Marcelo Hissnauer. "Herbicidas dessecantes: momento de aplicação, eficiência e influência no rendimento e na qualidade de sementes de feijão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-17092003-142611/.
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Com o objetivo de estudar a eficiência de herbicidas dessecantes, o momento ideal de aplicação, a viabilidade da antecipação da colheita e seus efeitos sobre o rendimento e as qualidades fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de feijão, foi instalada uma pesquisa em Área Experimental e no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" em Piracicaba - SP. Para tanto, utilizou-se o cultivar Pérola, o qual foi semeado na safra da "seca", na população aproximada de 200.000 plantas/ha. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial 5 x 5, sendo cinco herbicidas, combinados com as cinco épocas de aplicação (28, 32, 36, 40 e 44 dias após o florescimento) e uma testemunha (sem aplicação de herbicida dessecante). A análise dos dados e a interpretação dos resultados obtidos permitiram as seguintes conclusões: os herbicidas dessecantes Paraquat e Paraquat associado a Diuron proporcionaram antecipação da colheita em onze dias, sem causar danos ao rendimento e a qualidade das sementes, enquanto para Glifosate e Glifosate + uréia a antecipação foi de seis dias; os herbicidas dessecantes Paraquat e Paraquat associado a Diuron não afetaram nem o rendimento, nem a qualidade das sementes produzidas, independemente da época de aplicação; os herbicidas Glifosate e Glifosate mais uréia somente quando aplicados aos 44 dias após florescimento não afetaram a qualidade das sementes e o herbicida dessecante Glufosinato de Amônio, independentemente da época de aplicação, afetou negativamente a qualidade das sementes produzidas.Viewing to study the efficiency of desiccant herbicides, the ideal moment for their application, the feasibility of anticipating the harvest and their effects on yield and the physiological and sanitary quality of common bean seeds, an experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", in Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Seeds of the cultivar 'Pérola' were sown during the dry season so as to result in a population of 200,000 plants/hectare. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications in a 5 X 5 factorial arrangement - 5 herbicides in combination with 5 moments of application (28, 32, 36, 40, and 44 days after flowering) and a control treatment (no desiccant was applied). The statistical analyses of the data and the interpretation of the results allowed the following conclusions: Paraquat and Paraquat plus Diuron permited an 11 days anticipation in the harvest with no harm to seed quality or reduction in yield. For Glyphosate and Glyphosate plus Urea the anticipation was of 6 days. Paraquat and Paraquat plus Diuron were not harmful to seed quality or caused yield reduction in none of the moments of application. Glyphosate and Glyphosate plus Urea were not harmful only when applied 44 days after flowering. Ammonium Gluphosinate was always harmful to seed quality independently on the moment of application.
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Freitas, Thaís Pádua de. "Pós-colheita de uvaia: caracterização de acessos e estádios de maturação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-16102017-180336/.
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A uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) é uma espécie nativa do Brasil, pertencente à família das mirtáceas, que se destaca por possuir um fruto de sabor e aroma agradável. No entanto, ainda faltam informações básicas, principalmente em relação a variabilidade existente em populações e sobre a fisiologia pós-colheita. Nesse contexto, este estudo objetivou caracterizar 31 acessos de uvaia originados de semente, quanto aos aspectos físicos, químicos e compostos bioativos e avaliar a influência do estádio de maturação na qualidade pós-colheita. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira, caracterizou-se a variabilidade dos acessos baseado nos atributos físicos e químicos. Foram realizadas análises de massa fresca, massa de sementes, diâmetro, formato, cor da casca, rendimento de polpa, sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos, carotenoides, flavonoides e capacidade antioxidante. Na segunda, avaliou-se a qualidade pós-colheita de uvaias colhidas em três estádios de amadurecimento quanto a cor da casca, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, ácido ascórbico, flavonoides, carotenoides, compostos fenólicos, capacidade antioxidante e compostos voláteis, respiração (CO2) e produção de etileno (C2H4). Entre os acessos foi verificada ampla diversidade na coloração dos acessos, variando de amarelo claro a alaranjado, com frutos classificados majoritariamente como achatados. Os atributos que apresentaram maior variação entre os acessos foram os sólidos solúveis, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos e a capacidade antioxidante. Os resultados do armazenamento, mostraram que os frutos verdes alcançaram a mesma cor da casca, teor de acidez titulável, ácido ascórbico, flavonoides, carotenoides, compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante dos frutos maduros. Por outro lado, frutos colhidos verdes apresentaram baixo teor de sólidos solúveis e menor variedade de compostos voláteis. Não foi identificada relação entre o estádio de amadurecimento e a respiração. A produção de etileno foi diretamente proporcional ao estádio de amadurecimento. Estas informações sobre a qualidade da fruta colhida em diferentes estádios podem auxiliar a escolha daquele que melhor atender as exigências de uso para o consumo in natura e para a elaboração de produtos.The uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) is a native species of Brazil, belonging to the family Myrtaceae, which stands out for having a fruit of pleasant taste and aroma. However, basic information is still lacking, especially in relation to the variability in populations and their postharvest physiology. In this context, this study aimed to characterized 31 accessions of uvaia (propagated by seeds), as to physical, chemical and bioactive compounds and to evaluate the maturity stage influence on postharvest quality. The study was divided in two parts. First, was characterized the variability of the accessions based on physical and chemical attributes, were analyzed: fresh mass, seed mass, diameter, shape, skin color, yield of pulp, soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. Second, was evaluated the postharvest quality of uvaia at three stages of maturation as to skin color, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and volatile compounds, respiration (CO2) and production of ethylene (C2H4). There was a wide diversity in the color of the accessions, varied from light yellow to orange, with fruits classified mainly as flattened. The highest variation among the accessions was observed in the attributes of soluble solids, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. During storage, the fruits picked green achieved the same color of the skin, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, carotenoids phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of mature fruits. On the other hand, fruits harvested green exhibited low content of soluble solids and less variety of volatile compounds. There was no relationship between respiratory rate and ripening. Ethylene production was proportional to the ripening stage. This information on the quality of the fruit harvested in different stages can help to choose the one that best meets the requirements of use for fresh consumption and for the elaboration of products.
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Cavalini, Flavia Cristina. "Índices de maturação, ponto de colheita e padrão respiratório de goiabas 'Kumagai' e 'Paluma'." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-10092004-145849/.
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A goiaba é uma fruta altamente perecível, e o conhecimento de sua fisiologia pós-colheita é fundamental para o emprego adequado de tecnologias, visando aumentar o período de conservação. O presente trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de determinar índices de maturação; verificar a influência dos estádios de maturação na qualidade pós-colheita e determinar o padrão respiratório para goiabas Kumagai e Paluma. Primeiramente determinaram-se os índices de maturação e a influência de cinco estádios de maturação na qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos. Os frutos foram selecionados em cinco estádios de maturação segundo a cor da casca: Estádio 1: cor da casca verde-escura; Estádio 2: quebra da cor verde; Estádio 3: início da coloração amarela da casca; Estádio 4: cor da casca parcialmente amarela; Estádio 5: frutos com cor da casca totalmente amarela, em seguida, foram armazenados em câmara a 25 + 2ºC e 80-90% UR e avaliados quanto às mudanças físico-químicas e qualidade sensorial. Posteriormente determinou-se o padrão respiratório dos frutos, analisando-se a atividade respiratória, a produção de etileno e as mudanças físico-químicas após a colheita para os estádios 1, 2 e 3. A cor da casca e a firmeza foram consideradas os melhores índices de maturação para ambas as variedades. A variedade Paluma também apresentou o ratio como um bom índice de maturação. As variáveis físico-químicas apresentaram pouca variação entre os estádios de maturação após o amadurecimento, porém foram observadas diferenças significativas em relação à análise sensorial, sendo as melhores notas atribuídas aos estádios 4 e 5 na variedade Kumagai e para o estádio 5 na variedade Paluma. O ponto de colheita de goiabas Kumagai não interferiu na firmeza da polpa, no teor de sólidos solúveis e no ratio ao final do período comercializável, apresentando os frutos do estádio 1 mais verdes, com menor teor de ácido ascórbico e maior acidez titulável. Em goiabas Paluma, o ponto de colheita não influenciou na cor da casca e no teor de sólidos solúveis. No geral, os frutos do estádio 1 apresentaram-se mais firmes, com menor teor de ácido ascórbico, mais ácidos, com cor da polpa mais clara e maior ratio. Tanto a variedade Kumagai quanto a Paluma apresentaram pico respiratório e de produção de etileno, independente do estádio de maturação, porém, estes ocorreram após o completo amadurecimento dos frutos.Guava is a highly perishable fruit and its post harvest physiology knowledgement is fundamental for the proper technology use in order to increase the preservation period. The present study was accomplished to determine the maturation rates; to verify the influence of the maturation levels in the post harvest and to determine the respiratory standard for the Kumagai and Paluma guavas. At first, the maturation rates and the influence of five levels of maturation in the post harvest of the fruit were determined. The fruits were selected in five levels of maturation according to the color of the peel: Level 1: a dark green color peel; Level 2: loss of the green color; Level 3: start of the yellow color of the peel; Level 4: a partially yellow color of the peel; Level 5: a totally yellow color of the fruits, and then, they were kept in a chamber at a percentage of 25 + 2ºC and 80-90% UR and evaluated as to the physico-chemical changes and sensory quality. After that, the respiration standard of the fruits was determined, analyzing the respiration activity, the production of ethylene and the physico-chemical changes after the harvest for the levels 1, 2 and 3. The color and the firmness of the peel were considered the best maturation rates for both varieties. The variety Paluma also showed the ratio as to a good maturation level. The physico-chemical variables showed less variation between the maturation levels after the ripeness, however significant differences were observed in relation to the sensorial analysis, obtaining the best performance for the levels 4 and 5 in the Kumagai variety and for the level 5 in the Paluma variety. The harvest point of the Kumagai guavas did nor interfere in the firmness of the flesh, in the content of the soluble solids and in the ratio to the end of the commerceable period, showing greener fruits in level 1 with a less content of ascorbic acid and a high titled acidic. In the Paluma guavas, the harvest point did not influence in the color of the peel and the content of soluble solids. In general, the fruits of level 1 showed firmer with a less content of ascorbic acid, more acidic with a lighter color of the flesh and a higher ratio. As the Kumagai as the Paluma varieties showed a respiratory peak and ethylene production independent of the maturation ratio, however these occurred after the complete ripeness of the fruits.
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Sakamoto, Nelson Mamoru. "Sazonalidade, refrigeração e diferentes tipos de recobrimento na conservação pós-colheita de estacas de cordiline (Cordyline rubra Hügel)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-02082005-123521/.
Full textAbstract:
O mercado mundial de floricultura gera um fluxo de quase US$ 7bilhões anuais, atualmente concentrado em países como Holanda, Alemanha, Itália, Colômbia, Costa Rica, Equador, Quênia, Tailândia, Malásia, Israel e EUA. O Brasil ainda contribui pouco, aproximadamente 0,3% do total, sendo a participação brasileira concentrada na exportação de mudas, bulbos, flores e folhagens tropicais. O Brasil possui grande potencial exportador de flores e plantas ornamentais através da organização dos produtores, profissionalização do setor, apoio governamental e desenvolvimento técnico. O emprego de técnicas simples de armazenamento poderia viabilizar o transporte por modais que não o aéreo, reduzindo custos e podendo prolongar a vida útil dos produtos, criando um diferencial de qualidade em relação aos concorrentes. Este trabalho compara cinco diferentes tipos de recobrimento em estacas de Cordyline rubra Hügel (película amilácea, pasta de parafina no ápice, pasta de parafina no ápice e vermiculita umedecida na base, saco plástico ou sem recobrimento), sazonalidade (estacas coletadas durante primavera ou outono), dois ambientes de armazenamento (ambiente refrigerado a 10ºC ou temperatura ambiente 22-32ºC) e diferentes períodos de armazenamento (30, 60, 90 ou 120 dias), a fim de reduzir sua atividade biológica, perda de água e ataque de patógenos. Foi escolhida esta espécie por ser muito apreciada como planta ornamental devido à beleza de suas folhas, e exportada na forma de estacas de diferentes tamanhos. O experimento foi conduzido nas dependências do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, no município de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo. Foram utilizadas 615 estacas com 30 cm de comprimento por 3 cm de diâmetro. Um lote testemunha sem armazenamento de 15 estacas foi colocado em leito de enraizamento. Cada tratamento foi composto por 30 estacas pré-tratadas (tipos de recobrimento), submetidas a diferentes períodos de armazenamento (30, 60, 90 ou 120 dias), sendo divididos em 2 sub-tratamentos de 15 estacas (temperatura ambiente ou refrigerada), totalizando 120 estacas. Após o armazenamento foram cortados 3 cm da base de cada estaca, em seguida tratadas com IBA a 10.000 mg/L e colocadas em leito de enraizamento. Após 90 dias foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: porcentagem de desenvolvimento, número e massas de matéria fresca e seca de brotos, raízes e rizomas. Observou-se que as estacas colhidas na primavera apresentaram melhor enraizamento e produção de massas secas e frescas. Os menores períodos de armazenamento proporcionam melhor desenvolvimento das estacas, bem como estacas armazenadas em ambiente refrigerado apresentaram melhores resultados do que as mantidas em temperatura ambiente. Os tipos de recobrimento que melhor conservaram as estacas, em ordem decrescente de resultados, foram o saco plástico, parafina no ápice e vermiculita umedecida na base, parafina no ápice, película de amido e sem recobrimento. Conclui-se que o método mais prático foi embalar as estacas em sacos plásticos por não necessitar de fonte de calor para o preparo da película. Quanto maiores os períodos de armazenamento, menores desenvolvimentos de brotos, raízes e rizomas; os melhores resultados foram obtidos com estacas colhidas na primavera e armazenadas em ambiente refrigerado.The world market of floriculture, generates an annual flow of US$ 7billion, is currently based on countries like The Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Kenya, Thayland, Malaysia, Israel and the USA. The Brazilian contribution to the total world market is approximately 0.3%, where the mains exports are cuttings, bulbs, tropical fresh cut flowers and foliages. Brazil, however, has a great potential to increase its export of flowers and other ornamental plants through the better organization of producers, professionalization of the sector, government support and technical development. The use of simple storage techniques, would enable the transport through other means than airplanes, consequently reducing costs and adding extra shelf life to the product, creating a quality differentiation in relation to competitors. This work was aimed at comparing five types of coating of Cordyline rubra Hügel cuttings (starch film, paraffin paste at the apex, paraffin past at the apex associated with moist vermiculite at the base of the cuttings, plastic bags or no coating), seasonality (cuttings harvested during spring or autumn), two types of enviromental temperatures (refrigeration under 10ºC or environmental temperature between 22-32ºC) and different lengths of time on storage (30, 60, 90 or 120 days), in order to reduce their biologycal activity, water loss and pathogen attacks. This specie is very appreciated as an ornamental plant due to the beauty of their foliage and is exported as cuttings of different sizes. The experiment was carried out at the Departament of Plant Production at Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, in Piracicaba City, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 615 cuttings were used, each measuring 30 cm by 3 cm diameter. A control group of 15 cuttings without storage was planted on rooting bed. Each treatment was comprised of 30 pre-coated cuttings (types of coating), stored at different periods (30.60, 90 or 120 days) and split into 2 sub-treatments of 15 cuttings, either stored at room temperature or under refrigeration, summing up 120 cuttings. After storage, each cutting had 3 cm excised from its base, prior to being treated with IBA 10.000 mg/L and placed at rooting beds. After 90 days, the following parameters were assessed: percentage of cuttings showing growth and development, number and fresh and dry matter of the shoots, roots and rhizoms. It was observed that cuttings obtained during the spring, showed better rooting and production of biomass. The shorter the storage periods the better the cutting sprouting. Cuttings stored under refrigeration showed better results than kept under room temperature. The types of coatings which best supported the longevity of the cuttings, in decrease order, were: plastic bag, paraffin paste at the apex and moist vermiculite at the base, paraffin on the apex, starch film and no coating. Such results allow to conclude that the most practical coating technique was found to be the use of plastic bags, which did not need heating for the prepare of the film. The longer the storage time the smallest the number of viable cuttings; best results where observed for cuttings harvested during the spring and kept under refrigeration storage.
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Sigrist, José Maria Monteiro. "Estudos fisiológicos e tecnológicos de couve-flor e rúcula minimamente processadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-03042003-155537/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho teve por finalidade avaliar os efeitos de temperatura nos metabolismos de couves-flores e rúculas inteiras e minimamente processadas e diferentes materiais de embalagem na sua qualidade. No primeiro experimento, couves-flores, seus floretes, rúculas e suas folhas foram mantidos a 1º, 5º e 11ºC e determinados suas taxas de respiração, produção de etileno e quocientes de temperatura (Q10). No segundo, os floretes foram colocados em embalagens de filmes de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD), poliolefínicos coextrusados (PD 941 e Clysar) e de policloreto de vinila, PVC esticável de 12 e 20 mm, envolvendo bandejas de poliestireno expandido mantidos a 5ºC. Análises físicas, químicas, físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais foram realizadas. No terceiro, folhas de rúculas foram colocadas em embalagens de filme de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD), laminado de polipropileno/polietileno (PP/PE), poliolefínicos coextrusados (PD 900 e Clysar) e de policloreto de vinila, PVC esticável de 20 mm, envolvendo bandejas de poliestireno expandido e armazenados a 5ºC. Análises físicas, químicas, físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais foram realizadas. As taxas respiratórias das couves-flores inteiras e minimamente processadas foram iguais em quaisquer das temperaturas estudadas e sempre decrescentes até o 16º dia. A 1º e a 5ºC, tiveram a mesma taxa respiratória, diferindo das mantidas a 11ºC. Na faixa de 1º a 11ºC, o Q10 foi o mesmo para floretes e couves-flores; 2,1 e 2,2, respectivamente. Comportamento distinto tiveram as rúculas inteiras e as folhas soltas, pois, a 1ºC e a 5ºC, as taxas respiratórias foram significativamente iguais. A 11ºC, a partir do 4º dia, as folhas soltas começaram a apresentar taxas de respiração superiores às das inteiras, chegando a ser o dobro nos 14º e 16º dias de armazenamento. O Q10 médio para as rúculas inteiras situou-se ao redor de 3,54 e para as folhas soltas, 5,74, na faixa de 1º a 11ºC. Não foi detectada produção de etileno. As embalagens para floretes de couves-flores tiveram pouca ou nenhuma influência em seu pH, acidez, ºBrix, luminosidade, croma, Hue e firmeza. A embalagem PD 941 foi a melhor por manter uma atmosfera modificada próxima à da recomendada para couves-flores (2-3% O2 e CO2 < 5%) e permitir menores perdas de vitamina C e melhores notas para vários atributos sensoriais de qualidade. Todas as embalagens mantiveram níveis de coliformes totais, bolores e leveduras bem abaixo dos limites permitidos pela Legislação Brasileira. As folhas de rúculas apresentaram níveis de coliformes totais ao redor de 10 5 UFC/g de produto no 10º dia a 5ºC, tornando-as impróprias para o consumo. Nestes 10 dias, as embalagens de PEBD e PP/PE se destacaram em relação às outras por reterem melhor a vitamina C e a coloração verde das folhas, por alcançarem melhores valores para sólidos solúveis, firmeza, presença de odor estranho, qualidade geral das folhas, deterioração e murchamento. As atmosferas modificadas desenvolvidas no interior destas embalagens, 5 a 7% O2 e 10 a 15% CO2, talvez sejam as mais indicadas para a conservação de rúculas minimamente processadas a 5ºC.This work aimed at evaluating the effects of temperature on the metabolism of minimally processed and intact cauliflowers and salad rockets, and of different packaging materials on the quality of cauliflower florets and loose salad rocket minimally processed leaves. In the first experiment, intact cauliflowers, florets, intact salad rockets and loose salad rocket leaves were held at 1º, 5º and 11ºC and their respiration rates, ethylene production and temperature quotients (Q10) determined. In the second experiment, the florets were packed in low density polyethylene film (PEBD), co-extruded polyolefins (PD 941 and Clysar AFG) and in 12 and 20 mm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) overwrapping expanded polystyrene trays, and maintained at 5ºC/85-95% relative humidity for 14 days. In the third experiment, loose salad rocket leaves were held under the same conditions in bags of low density polyethylene film (PEBD), laminated polypropylene/polyethylene film (PP/PE), co-extruded polyolefins, PD 900 and Clysar HP and in expanded polystyrene trays overwrapped with 20 mm polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In the second and third experiments, physical, chemical, physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses were performed. The respiration rates of both intact and fresh-cut cauliflowers declined over the 16-day period and were significantly the same at all temperatures studied. At 1º and 5ºC the respiration rates were the same but differed from those (cauliflower and florets) at 11ºC. From 1º to 11ºC, the Q10 for the cauliflowers was 2.2 and for the florets, 2.1. In contrast, the intact and fresh-cut salad rocket respiration rates were the same at 1º and 5ºC. At 11ºC, the fresh-cut salad rocket showed higher respiration rates than the intact ones as from the 4 th day. By the end of the experiment (14 th and 16 th days) the respiration rates of the fresh-cut salad rockets were twice those of the intact salad rockets, whose Q10 was about 3.45 from 1° to 11°C as compared to 5.74 for the fresh cut product. No ethylene production was detected by any sample at any temperature. The packaging materials had little or no effect on pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, luminosity, chroma, hue and firmness of the florets at 5ºC. PD 941 seemed to be the best packaging for florets, maintaining the atmosphere closest to that recommended for intact cauliflower (2-3%O2, CO2 < 5%), showing the lowest vitamin C losses and the best scores for several of the quality attributes. In general, all the packaging materials kept the yeast and mold counts low and the total coliform counts far below the maximum values permitted by the Brazilian Legislation, during 14 days at 5ºC, except for fresh-cut salad rocket leaves, which presented 10 5 CFU/g total coliforms by the 10 th day, being inappropriate for consumption. For 10 day periods, PEBD and PP/PE were the best packaging materials for green color and vitamin C retention, higher soluble solids, firmness, lack of off-odors, overall quality, decay and shriveling. The modified atmosphere generated inside these packaging materials (5-7% O2, 10-15% CO2) seemed the best for maintaining the quality of fresh-cut salad rockets held at 5ºC.
Books on the topic "Post-harvest physiology"
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Moore, Kenneth J., and Michael A. Peterson, eds. Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.
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Ramaswamy, Hosahalli S. Post-harvest technologies of fruits & vegetables. Lancaster, Pennsylvania: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2015.
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Weichmann, J. Post-harvest Physiology of Vegetables (Food Science and Technology). Marcel Dekker Inc, 1987.
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Post-Harvest Physiology & Quality Management of Fruits and Vegetables. Scitus Academics Llc, 2016.
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Ebel, Robert C. Post harvest physiology of 'Delicious' apples grown under deficit irrigation. 1985.
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J, Moore Kenneth, Peterson Michael A, and Crop Science Society of America. Division C-6., eds. Post-harvest physiology and preservation of forages: Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by C-6 of the Crop Science Society of America. Madison, Wis., USA: American Society of Agronomy, 1995.
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al, et. Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages: Proceedings of a Symposium Sponsored by C-6 of the Crop Science Society of America (C S S a Special Publication). American Society of Agronomy, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Post-harvest physiology"
1
Lowell, Moser E. "Post-Harvest Physiological Changes in Forage Plants." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, 1–19. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.c1.
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Roberts, Craig A. "Microbiology of Stored Forages." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, 21–38. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.c2.
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Rotz, C. Alan. "Field Curing of Forages." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, 39–66. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.c3.
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Collins, Michael. "Hay Preservation Effects on Yield and Quality." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, 67–89. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.c4.
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Jaster, E. H. "Legume and Grass Silage Preservation." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, 91–115. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.c5.
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Çelikel, Fisun G. "Post-harvest Physiology of Flowers from the Family Gentianaceae." In The Gentianaceae - Volume 2: Biotechnology and Applications, 287–305. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54102-5_12.
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Field, Roger J., and Peter M. Barrowclough. "Temperature-Induced Changes in Ethylene Production and Implications for Post-Harvest Physiology." In Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Ethylene Production in Lower and Higher Plants, 191–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1271-7_22.
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Rees, Deborah, Adam Pollard, Dominic Matters, and Edward Carey. "Relating the Post-Harvest Physiology of Sweet Potato Storage Roots with Storability for a Range of East African Varieties." In Biology of Root Formation and Development, 315–16. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5403-5_67.
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"Front Matter." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, i—xi. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.frontmatter.
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Sharma, Binny, and Asha Kumari. "Role of Post-Harvest Physiology in Evolution of Transgenic Crops." In Plant Breeding - Current and Future Views [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94694.
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The increasing world population over few decades has led to increase in demand of food grains or agricultural commodities, thus possessing great impact on food security. Conventional farming approaches has been traditionally practiced but a lot of effort is required to make to enhance agricultural production. With changing climatic conditions plants are vulnerable to several stress factors. In order to combat such conditions, the agricultural systems are needed to be contemporary with advance and recent technologies. Crops after harvest are liable to a lot of changes which ultimately affect quality and quantity of produce, thus reducing economic value. Postharvest losses are decisive factors in reducing loss of produce and agricultural commodities. Thus in order to achieve maximum production, it is therefore essential to reduce postharvest losses and ensures proper management of postharvest products. Postharvest physiology is the science which deals with quantitative and qualitative study of physiology of agricultural products after harvesting. Biotechnological and transgenic approaches are the recent and emerging technologies that possess great impact on agricultural production. Transgenic technology like genome editing, CRISPR/Cas9, TILLING are successfully used in various species to enhance production, possess resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, enhance shelf life and improve nutritional quality. Transgenic crops or Genetically modified crops (GMO) like tomato, brinjal, soybean, cassava etc are cultivated globally. These techniques therefore are promising means in establishing food security, increasing crop production, reducing postharvest losses, production of secondary metabolites, hormones and plantibodies.
Conference papers on the topic "Post-harvest physiology"
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Zhen Yifan and Rao Honghui. "Effects of high voltage electrostatic field treatment on post-harvest physiology of Kiwifruit." In 2011 International Conference on New Technology of Agricultural Engineering (ICAE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icae.2011.5943955.
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