Relevant bibliographies by topics / Post conflict strategies

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Post conflict strategies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Post conflict strategies"

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Coroş, Monica Maria, Oana Adriana Gică, Anca C. Yallop, and Ovidiu Ioan Moisescu. "Innovative and sustainable tourism strategies." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 9, no. 5 (October 9, 2017): 504–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-07-2017-0033.

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Purpose According to the United Nations World Tourism Organisation, sustainable tourism is a form of tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing the opportunity for the future. It is an industry that aims at having a low impact upon the environment and local culture, generating income and employment, and ensuring the conservation of local ecosystems. The aim of this paper is to examine the ways in which the development and promotion of a new tourism product based on unique rural heritage and traditions contribute to the development of sustainable tourism strategies in Romania. Design/methodology/approach This paper includes a literature review on the topic of sustainable tourism in post-conflict destinations and provides arguments for the adoption and development of sustainable tourism. Using a case study methodological approach, this paper provides an example of a sustainable tourism destination from the Central development region of Romania (Alba County, Transylvania) to depict specific sustainable tourism practices and their impact on the place, in a post-communist and post-conflict context. The study uses a comprehensive desk-research based on secondary data from key industry and academic sources. Findings The research findings show that rural tourism can greatly support the (re)development of post-conflict destinations, and it makes a significant contribution to the sustainable development of the Romanian tourism industry, in general, and rural economies in particular, as shown in the case examined in this paper. Practical implications This paper illustrates that fostering the unique rural heritage and traditions of a post-conflict destination can contribute to the revival and sustainable development of the place. Sustainable tourism practices contribute not only financially to a destination but also to its social infrastructures, jobs, nature conservation, adoption of new working practices and the revitalisation of passive and poor rural areas. Originality/value This paper examines and depicts rural tourism development as an innovative and sustainable strategy for Romania, a post-conflict destination that experienced severe political and social turmoil during the communist regime, and ethnic conflicts and violent events in the 1990s. The research findings may be applicable to other geographic regions and post-conflict destinations with similar contexts.
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Seneviratne, Krisanthi, Dilanthi Amaratunga, and Richard Haigh. "Post conflict housing reconstruction." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 5, no. 4 (September 7, 2015): 432–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-08-2014-0034.

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Purpose – Despite the role of post conflict housing reconstruction in establishing the development of peace in conflict affected countries, there are many issues which hinder its success. While the inconsideration of housing needs in post conflict housing reconstruction has directly or indirectly given rise for most of the issues, the countries emerging from conflicts face many challenges in addressing such housing needs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the management of housing needs in post conflict housing reconstruction. This paper aims to focus on identifying the challenges in addressing housing needs within the context of post conflict housing reconstruction in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach – The study used the grounded theory approach to collect and analyse the data collected through 37 in-depth interviews, conducted with policy makers, practitioners, academics and housing beneficiaries in Sri Lanka. Primary data were verified through a documents review. Findings – The paper reveals that addressing housing needs in post conflict housing reconstruction in Sri Lanka is challenging, due to several factors. These include the socio economic profile of conflict affected people, conflict sensitive issues, donor requirements, limited availability of finance, weakened government administration, extent of housing and infrastructure damage, attitudes of affected people, land-related issues and shortage of labour and material. Originality/value – A number of studies have identified the challenges of post conflict reconstruction. This study particularly identifies the challenges of addressing housing needs in post conflict housing reconstruction. These findings are useful for policy makers to develop strategies in addressing housing needs in post conflict housing reconstruction.
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Collier, P. "Post-conflict Recovery: How Should Strategies Be Distinctive?" Journal of African Economies 18, Supplement 1 (January 1, 2009): i99—i131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejp006.

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KRUMOV, KRUM, SNEJANA ILIEVA, SONYA KARABELIOVA, and LYUDMILA ALEXIEVA. "Conflict Resolution Strategies in the Transition to Market Economy." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 552, no. 1 (July 1997): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716297552001006.

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One of the most typical characteristics of post-totalitarian societies is the expansion of conflict. In the transition from totalitarianism to democracy, conflict accompanies the changes in all social spheres: politics, economics, culture, personality, and so on. The most dramatic and difficult conflicts to overcome are the economic ones. The conflicts in the economic sphere always emerge, develop, and die away within a given organization. It is precisely the structure and characteristics of the organization that determine the dynamics and the development of the conflict, and it is again the organization that determines the resolution and disappearance of the conflict. The goal of our empirical study was to trace the dynamics of the conflicts within changing Bulgarian organizations, as well as to reveal their peculiarities depending on the gender, age, and position of the subjects in the organizational hierarchy. In addition, our task was to find out the ways in which the five basic strategies for conflict resolution are applied in developing organizations. The general conclusions of our study outline the ways for successfully coping with conflicts and effectively managing organizations in the transition from a centralized to a market economy.
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Obwona, M., and M. Guloba. "Poverty Reduction Strategies During Post-conflict Recovery in Africa." Journal of African Economies 18, Supplement 1 (January 1, 2009): i77—i98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejp008.

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Kopp, Kathrin S., and Katja Liebal. "Conflict resolution in socially housed Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii)." PeerJ 6 (July 31, 2018): e5303. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5303.

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BackgroundPeaceful conflict resolution strategies have been identified as effective mechanisms for minimising the potential costs of group life in many gregarious species, especially in primates. The knowledge of conflict-management in orangutans, though, is still extremely limited. Given their semi-solitary lives in the wild, there seems to be barely a need for orangutans to apply conflict management strategies other than avoidance. However, because of the rapid loss of orangutan habitat due to deforestation, opportunities to prevent conflicts by dispersion are shrinking. Additionally, more and more orangutans are brought into rehabilitation centres where they are bound to live in close contact with conspecifics. This raises the questions of whether and how orangutans are able to cope with conflicts, which are inevitably connected with group life.MethodsObservational zoo-studies provide a valuable method to investigate such potential: in zoos, orangutans usually live in permanent groups and face the challenges of group life every day. Therefore, we observed a group of six socially-housed Sumatran orangutans at the Dortmund Zoo, Germany, both in their spacious outdoor enclosure in the summer and in the less spacious indoor enclosure in the winter. During 157.5 h of observation, we collected data on aggressive interactions, third-party interventions and post-conflict affiliations. We applied the post-conflict/matched-control observation (PC/MC) and the time rule method to investigate the occurrence of reconciliation and post-conflict third-party affiliations.ResultsWe recorded a total of 114 aggressive interactions (including conflicts in the context of weaning and of male sexual coercion). As expected, we found an increase of both open conflicts and peaceful conflict resolution under less spacious conditions. In accordance with previous reports, we observed interventions by initially uninvolved individuals. Whereas we found no clear evidence for post-conflict third-party affiliations, we were able to demonstrate the occurrence of reconciliation among orangutans.DiscussionNotwithstanding the small sample size and the explorative character of our study, we found evidence that orangutans possess a potential for prosocial conflict resolution. When living in groups and under conditions in which dispersion is no longer an option, orangutans are capable to flexibly apply strategies of conflict resolution to cease open conflicts and to repair the potential social damage of aggressive interactions. These strategies are similar to those of other great apes.
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VAN LEEUWEN, MATHIJS. "To Conform or to Confront? CSOs and Agrarian Conflict in Post-Conflict Guatemala." Journal of Latin American Studies 42, no. 1 (February 2010): 91–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x10000064.

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AbstractThis article is about the role of civil society after violent conflict. It argues that the transformations that civil society organisations (CSOs) make are more ambiguous than supporting donors and NGOs presume. The article analyses how, ten years after the 1996 peace agreements, Guatemalan CSOs deal with agrarian conflict. It discusses in detail the case of a church-related organisation assisting peasants with agrarian conflicts and the challenges it faced in defining its strategies. The article argues that supporting donors and NGOs should stop seeing the difficulties of organisational change in post-conflict situations exclusively in terms of the internal incapacities of civil society. Instead, they should re-politicise their analyses and focus on the importance of broader social and political processes in post-conflict settings for the strategic options open to CSOs.
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Seneviratne, Krisanthi, Dilanthi Amaratunga, and Richard Haigh. "Managing housing needs of post conflict housing reconstruction: Sri Lankan perspective." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2015-0157.

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Purpose Post conflict housing reconstruction is crucial to development and peacekeeping. However, the success of it, is hindered by a number of problems related to a lack of addressing housing needs. The purpose of this paper is to explore how such housing needs can be effectively managed in post conflict housing reconstruction in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach Using the grounded theory method as the research strategy, unstructured interviews were conducted with policy makers, practitioners, beneficiaries and academics in Sri Lanka. Data were analysed using open, axial and selective coding to develop the theoretical framework. Findings The study reveals the challenges, contributing factors and strategies in addressing housing needs of accessibility, habitability, affordability, location, facilities, cultural considerations and security of land tenure. It also identifies the gaps and recommendations. The paper establishes the links between these and presents a theoretical framework for managing housing needs effectively in post conflict housing reconstruction in Sri Lanka. Practical implications This research enhances the success of post conflict housing reconstruction through addressing housing needs effectively, which contributes to sustainable housing development after conflicts. Originality/value The study combines the literature from five main areas: conflicts, post conflict, post conflict reconstruction, post conflict housing reconstruction and housing needs and provides a better understanding on how the housing needs can be managed during post conflict housing reconstruction in developing countries based on empirical evidence.
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Barrios-Tao, Hernando, José María Siciliani-Barraza, and Bibiana Bonilla-Barrios. "Education Programs in Post-Conflict Environments: a Review from Liberia, Sierra Leone, and South Africa." Revista Electrónica Educare 21, no. 1 (December 11, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ree.21-1.11.

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Education should be considered as one of the mechanisms for governments and nations to succeed in a post-conflict process. The purpose of this Review Article is twofold: to explain the importance of education in a post-conflict setting, and to describe a few strategies that post-conflict societies have implemented. In terms of research design, a multiple case study approach has been implemented. The paper reviews a unique topic with specific reference to education plans implemented in post-conflict societies such as Liberia, Sierra Leone, and South Africa. Each of them has experienced violent conflicts and has used education as a tool to succeed in their post-conflict process. In sum, there are several educational programs that involve children, young people, survivors, parents, teachers, and local communities as well as curriculums focused on teaching of cultural values and technical skills to improve the quality of life in a post-conflict setting.
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Ndubisi, Nelson Oly, and Setiadi Umar. "Outsourcing: reap the fruit; contain the “bad apple”." Journal of Business Strategy 39, no. 5 (September 17, 2018): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-03-2018-0048.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to show how outsourcing partners can maximise the benefits of outsourcing while containing the negative effect of destructive conflict (the “bad apple”) on trust and commitment. Design/methodology/approach The study reviewed existing literature on the benefits and limitations of outsourcing from the principal’s (outsourcer) and the agent’s (service provider) perspectives. The study further draws on empirical evidence from studies conducted across ten industries in three countries within the Asia–Pacific Rim and the Middle-East, namely, Australia, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia. Findings Long-term orientation and ethical norms are robust ex-ante (i.e. before the destructive conflict) handling strategies, whereas integrative conflict handling style and (to a lesser degree) accommodating and compromising conflict handling styles are effective ex-post (i.e. after the destructive conflict) handling strategies. Forcing and avoidance conflict handling styles can escalate destructive conflict and should be completely avoided by outsourcing partners at all times. Practical implications The benefits of outsourcing outweigh its challenges. Trust and commitment are positively affected by ex-ante and ex-post (destructive conflict) strategies. Destructive conflicts (or the bad apple effect) can be contained through these strategies. Firms should leverage the upsides of outsourcing relationships and contain the downsides by integrating long-term orientation and ethical norms that can help to pre-empt and forestall destructive conflict. They should adopt an integrative conflict handling strategy in the event of a manifest conflict. Other strategies that can be applied to manifest conflict (albeit more sparingly) are accommodating and compromising strategies. Each has the potential to increase trust and commitment in the relationship. Originality/value The authors unveil before and after (the destructive conflict) handling strategies that do not depend on contextual factors or industry/sectoral differences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post conflict strategies"

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Bowen, Nina Renee. "Traders and livelihood strategies in post-conflict Zambezia Province, Mozambique." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341435.

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Mzumara, Macleans. "Developing an export promotion strategy for the post-conflict reconstruction of Zimbabwe / Macleans Mzumara." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9802.

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The study intended to investigate whether Zimbabwe possesses realistic potential export opportunities that can lead to the sustainable reconstruction of its economy. The study was initiated on the premise that Zimbabwe is a fragile state and a post-conflict country going through reconstruction. The study also premised itself on the foundation that the current recovery efforts by Zimbabwe – although they have yielded some positive results, have still fallen short of providing sustainable economic growth without meaningful deeper reforms. Hence, this study is an attempt to provide policy makers with an alternative researched export promotion strategy with a focus on realistic potential opportunities. The study employed two techniques, namely survey of literature and empirical investigation. The survey of literature was achieved through theoretical literature on post-conflict reconstruction. Exports were identified in the various experiences of those countries that have gone through post-conflict reconstruction and still managed to use them in their recovery process. This necessitated a thorough investigation of literature to draw a theory upon which exports promotion could rely. The major theory that was surveyed in the literature is exportled growth (ELG). The theory is based on the premise that exports influence economic growth. Empirical evidence through literature was established in the studies carried out in different countries supporting the hypothesis. The theory was seen as superior to the import substitution strategy which led many developing countries to lag behind those which adopted export-led growth policies. The other aspect of empirical investigation was carried out through the application of the Decision Support Model (DSM). This is a scientific model that is used as a method of market selection. The model’s 4 filters were modified to include a 5th filter to specifically take into account the special circumstances of Zimbabwe. The 5th filter extension of the model provided a substantial contribution by this study to the model. A proxy of Zimbabwe’s neighbours – namely Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia was used to reinforce Zimbabwe’s competitiveness. This was based on the assumption that if Zimbabwe’s neighbours under similar conditions can successfully penetrate certain markets, then Zimbabwe should not find it difficult to penetrate the same markets. This empirical investigation showed that Zimbabwe does possess realistic potential export opportunities. The results identified 344 realistic export opportunities (REOs) for Zimbabwe in 17 regions, 50 countries, 13 sectors and 112 product lines. The study observed that Zimbabwe is in fact not utilising much of the REOs. In order to enable Zimbabwe to utilise the REOs, the study developed an appropriate export promotion strategy. The export promotion strategy is based on the results obtained from empirical investigation. The export promotion strategy has sub-strategies which respond to the specific needs of individual sectors and individual markets. The study established that instead of spending resources in an unfocused manner, the meagre resources can be applied to a more focused export promotion strategy. Based on the experiences of other countries that have gone through a similar post-conflict reconstruction process and have also used the theoretical conceptual framework of the export-led growth theory, the DSM results show there are realistic export opportunities (REOs) and these may contribute towards economic growth and recovery. The study further provided recommendations on how Zimbabwe could realise realistic potential export opportunities. This study has made a three-fold contribution. Firstly, a contribution has been made to the literature on post-conflict reconstruction and export promotion. Secondly, a significant contribution has been made by extending the Decision Support Model with a 5thfilter that also considers the supply side in the model. Finally, it has formulated an export promotion strategy, which can be applied by policy makers in Zimbabwe.
Thesis (PhD (Economics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Erlichman, Camilo. "Strategies of rule : cooperation and conflict in the British Zone of Germany, 1945-1949." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25995.

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This thesis examines strategies of rule deployed during the British occupation of north-western Germany from 1945 to 1949 and explores instances of cooperation and conflict between the occupiers and the occupied population. While the literature has primarily looked at the occupation through the lens of big political projects, this study analyses the application of quotidian ruling strategies and the making of stability on the ground. Techniques for controlling the German population were devised during the war and transmitted to officials through extensive training. Lessons from previous occupations and imperial experiences also entered the Military Government’s ruling philosophy by way of the biographical composition of its top cadre. Once in Germany, the British instituted a system of ‘indirect rule’ which relied on focal points of visibility as embodied by their local officials charged with cooperating with German notables, and invisible instances of supervision in the form of mass surveillance of civilian communications. To illustrate the way the occupiers dealt with conflict, the thesis analyses the dispensation of punishment for breaking Military Government laws, demonstrating that the British often issued severe punishment when their monopoly of force was contested, thus belying the notion of a particularly docile occupation. During mass popular protests, however, they sought to use moderate German trade unionists as intermediaries tasked with diffusing popular unrest, who were co-opted in exchange for material and propagandistic support. The British also used German administrators at the local and regional level, many of whom had a distinctively technocratic and conservative profile and who were appointed for their administrative experience rather than for their political inclinations. Through lobbying by British ecclesiastical figures, the occupiers also cooperated extensively with the German Churches, who were seen as effective partners in the re-Christianisation of Germany and increasingly as an essential bulwark against Communism. The thesis concludes that the long-term legacies of the British occupation lay in the effects of ‘indirect rule’, which exacerbated social inequalities by strengthening the profile of certain social elites at the expense of mass politics. The occupation is finally placed within the comparative context of occupations in Western Europe during the mid-20th century, which had the common legacy of buttressing elites who were primarily concerned with the making of stability rather than with participatory democracy, thus giving the post-war era its conservative mould.
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Ballah, Henryatta Louise. "Listen, Politics is not for Children: Adult Authority, Social Conflict, and Youth Survival Strategies in Post Civil War Liberia." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354564839.

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Aldaher, Sébastien. "An Attempt to Set A design Base for post-conflict housing in the historic core of Homs, Syria." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44261.

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The built environment in the old city of Homs has been brutally destroyed by the conflict in Syria. The research gap in post-conflict planning and architectural design in the old city of Homs is alarming as it indicates that there are no clear roadmaps on how to deal with post-conflict housing units in such a historic area. This study aims to investigate the possible design basis of housing typologies and plans for the housing units in the old city after the conflict. This study is primarily based on a literature review and extensive discussions with a specialist architect from the city of Homs, who helped to gain a deeper understanding of how to approach such a topic. The literature review deals with the historical Arab cities’ components and the elements of courtyard houses both in general and in the old city of Homs in particular. Likewise, it looks at the city’s urban plans and building code and their shortcomings and highlights the current conditions there. It also highlights proposed strategies for post-conflict construction and discusses them. The findings of the study propose a design ideology for reconstruction strategies and translate these ideologies and findings from the literature into a practical design of typologies placed on a proposed plot of land in the old city, along with a proposal of what the plans of these houses might look like.
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O'Brien, Constance R. "Community development and conflict resolution : an examination of the potential for complementary strategies in post-settlement contexts, with special reference to Northern Ireland and South Africa." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.586718.

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Santana-Wynn, Jari. "Acculturation Stress of Immigrant Latino Children: A narrative investigation." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1272815276.

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Bidouzo, Thierry Sèdjro. "Les organisations internationales et la résolution des conflits post-bipolaires en Afrique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1022.

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Le droit international, dans son rôle de « vigie » ou de « vigile » de la sécurité internationale, est parfois éprouvé par la délicate équation du défi de la paix en Afrique. En effet, depuis que ce continent est devenu « [acteur] de sa propre histoire », - avec le nouveau décor international occasionné par la fin de la période bipolaire -, paradoxalement, il est également devenu un terrain fertile en conflits. En dépit des mutations ou des « dynamiques du droit international », opérées par les Organisations internationales dans la pratique du maintien de la paix, la dynamique évolutive des conflits et leur nature irrégulière, posent bien de difficultés. Et c’est le nœud de ces rapports ambigus entre les Organisations internationales et les conflits en Afrique qu’il convient de tenter de défaire, en en appréhendant tour à tour, leur implication, puis leur contribution à la résolution desdits conflits. De cette double appréhension, émerge le besoin, dans les stratégies de résolution des conflits, d’une prise en compte aussi bien de la violence visible que de la violence invisible ; celle-ci suppose une réelle connaissance des vrais déterminants conflictuels. D’où la nécessité d’un droit régional africain de maintien de la paix car, la paix objective doit être accompagnée de la paix subjective
International law, in its role of "watchdog" or "vigil" of international security, is sometimes felt by the delicate equation of the challenge of peace in Africa. Since that this continent has become "actress of her own history" - with the new international backdrop caused by the end of the bipolar period - paradoxically, it has also become a breeding ground for conflicts. Despite mutations or "dynamic of international law", carried out by international organizations in the practice of peacekeeping, the evolutionary dynamics of conflict and their irregular nature pose many difficulties. And that is the crux of the ambiguous relationship between international organizations and conflict in Africa should try to undo in apprehending turn, their involvement and their contribution to the resolution of such conflicts.This double apprehension emerges the need, in conflict resolution strategies, taking into account both the visible violence of invisible violence; it implies real knowledge of true conflicting determinants. Hence the need for an African regional law peacekeeping because the objective peace must be accompanied by the subjective peace
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Conybeare, Gaily. "An analysis of strategies used to manage conflict at Volkswagen of South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/762.

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This research study addresses the problem of determining the strategies that can be used by Internal Audit at Volkswagen of South Africa to manage conflict effectively. To achieve this objective a comprehensive literature study was performed to determine the views on conflict and evaluate the various conflict models. The study also included the reasons for and sources of conflict and the effects of conflict on the performance and controls within VWSA. The identification of conflict management strategies and subsequent conflict management styles were revealed by the literature study. Various discussions from different authors on how to resolve conflict situations are also discussed. The literature review serves as a model in the development of a guideline for VWSA Internal Audit team and management to manage conflict. Senior Management, middle management and staff from various departments within VWSA were requested to complete a questionnaire in order to determine the strategies and effectiveness of these strategies used by Internal Audit to manage conflict. The questionnaire was developed in accordance with the findings from the research. A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the relevance of the study to the problem questions and to evaluate whether the questionnaire will be easily understood. The answers of the respondents were analyzed and compared to the findings of the literature study. The information obtained from the literature study and from the respondents resulted in various recommendations and conclusions.
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Lundström, Agneta. "Lärare och konflikthantering : En undersökande studie ur ett könsperspektiv." Licentiate thesis, Umeå University, Department of Child and Youth education, Special Education and Counselling, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-10004.

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This dissertation explores ten teachers´ approaches to managing conflicts with/between pupils. The relevance of gender is analysed according to the strategies and representations chosen by the teachers. The methods used for data collection include ´rounds´, role-plays and ongoing reflexivity, mainly in single-sex groups. Three main strategies were identified in managing conflicts with/between pupils: challenging, confirming and physically touching. The strategy of challenging reveals that teachers have high expectations of how competent pupils ought to be. It is no longer enough to be competent and independent as a pupil (in Sweden); he or she is also expected to have an integrated ethic of caring. Values such as an ethic of caring are conventionally associated with femininity, and are usually invisible and/or low status; though they have now become the dominant norm for both female and male teachers. The strategy of confirming is used to give support to the pupil but there is a risk of confirming one individual “too much” which can lead to relational problems with other pupils. Physical touching as a strategy relates to dilemmas arising from gendered expectations of physicality in teacher-pupil interaction. Overall, difficulties were found in getting male teachers to discuss and ‘role-play’ conflicts with girls, which did not arise with female teachers concerning conflicts with boys. Also criticized were the demands on teachers’ workloads as a result of their social responsibility for pupils’ welfare, and also lack of institutional support. When the teachers had time to reflect together on their experiences, they seemed willing to criticize norms and representations. Four phases in the mode of talking were identified: (1) the telling of an experience; (2) interpretation of experience as a form of difference, either as deviance or according to gender; (3) narration of experience that contradicts the above dichotomy of difference; and (4) ongoing reflexivity resulting in motivation to change strategy or strengthen former strategies based on a wider awareness of work context.

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Books on the topic "Post conflict strategies"

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Office, General Accounting. U.N. peacekeeping: Transition strategies for post-conflict countries lack results-oriented measures of progress : report to the Chairman, Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 2003.

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United States Institute of Peace, ed. Building security in post-Cold War Eurasia: The OSCE and U.S. foreign policy. Washington, DC (1200 17th St., NW, Washington 20036-3011): United States Institute of Peace, 1999.

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Institute, Aspen, ed. Conflict prevention: Strategies to sustain peace in the post-Cold War world. Queenstown, MD: Aspen Institute, 1997.

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Cheng, Christine. Extralegal Groups in Post-Conflict Liberia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199673346.001.0001.

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In the aftermath of the Liberian civil war, groups of ex-combatants took control of natural resource enclaves. With some of them threatening a return to war, these groups were widely viewed as the most significant threats to Liberia’s hard-won peace. Building on fieldwork and socio-historical analysis, this study shows how extralegal groups emerge as a product of livelihood strategies and the political economy of war. It analyzes the trajectory of extralegal groups in three sectors of the Liberian economy: rubber, diamonds, and timber. The findings offer a counterpoint to the prevailing narrative, arguing that extralegal groups have a dual nature and should be viewed as accidental statebuilders driven to provide basic governance goods in order to create a stable commercial environment. These groups do not seek to rule; they provide governance because they need to trade—not as an end in itself. This leads to the book’s broader argument: it is trade, rather than war, that drives contemporary statebuilding. In areas where the state is weak and political authority is contested, where the rule of law is corrupt and government distrust runs deep, extralegal groups can provide order and dispute resolution, forming the basic kernel of the state. Extralegal groups also perform a series of hidden governance functions that establish public norms of compliance and cooperation with local populations. This sheds new light on how we understand violent nonstate actors, allowing us to view them as part of an evolutionary process of state-making, rather than simply as national security threats.
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Griffiths, Richard D. Introduction: Therapeutic and Rehabilitation Strategies in the Post-ICU Period. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0046.

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Chapter 46 provides an outline to therapeutic and rehabilitation strategies in the post-ICU period, and examines conflict in care between patient and family experiences, types of recovery pathways, relatives' coping strategies, risk assessment and support, and a clinical review of issues that may include drug withdrawal, cessation of unwanted medication, optimization of cardiorespiratory function, and screening for the associated physical problems of immobility. It also covers elements of physical, psychological, and social recoveries, as well as cognitive dysfunction and social challenges.
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Stahn, Carsten, and Jens Iverson, eds. Just Peace After Conflict. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823285.001.0001.

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The interplay between peace and justice plays an important role in almost any contemporary conflict. Peace and conflict studies have generally devoted more attention to conflict than to peace. Peace is often described in adjectives, such as negative/positive peace, liberal peace or democratic peace. But what elements make a peace just? Just war theory, peacebuilding, or transitional justice provide different perspectives on the dialectic relation between peace and justice and the methods of establishing peace after conflict. Experiences such as the Colombian peace process show that peace is increasingly judicialized. This volume analyses some of the situational, normative, and relational elements of peace in processes of transition. It explores six core themes: conceptual approaches towards just peace, macro-principles, the nexus to security and stability, protection of persons and public goods, rule of law and economic reform and accountability. It engages with understudied issues, such as the pros and cons of robust UN mandates, the link between environment protection and indigenous peoples, the treatment of illegal settlements, the feasibility of vetting practices or the protection labour rights in post-conflict economies. It argues that just peace requires only not negotiation, agreement and compromise (e.g., moderation), but contextual understandings of law, multiple dimensions of justice and strategies of prevention. It complements the two earlier volumes on the legal contours of jus post bellum, namely Just Post Bellum: Mapping the Normative Foundations (2014) and Environmental Protection and Transitions from Conflict to Peace: Clarifying Norms, Principles and Practices (2017).
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Dyke, Nancy Bearg. Conflict Prevention: Strategies to Sustain Peace in the Post-Cold War World (Aspen Institute Conferences on International Peace & Security Series No 3). Aspen Institute, 1997.

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Filipov, Filip. Post-conflict Peacebuilding: Strategies and Lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina, El Salvador and Sierra Leone: Some Thoughts from the Rights to Education and Health (Politicas Sociales). United Nations Publications, 2006.

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Dam-de Jong, Daniëlla. Standard-setting Practices for the Management of Natural Resources in Conflict-Torn States. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784630.003.0008.

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Natural resources have financed a number of armed conflicts in the last decades. Restoring governance over these natural resources to the government is an essential component of strategies to enable a transition to durable peace for resource rich states which have suffered from armed conflict. The UN Security Council has played a key role in efforts to break the link between natural resources and conflict financing, including by setting standards for the proper management of natural resources. This chapter identifies the standards that have been developed by the Security Council in relation to Liberia and the DRC and examines their implementation in the mandates of peacekeeping operations and in programmes set up by regional and international organizations. It is argued that the Security Council through its standard-setting helps to shape the normative content of the applicable jus post bellum.
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Nassenstein, Nico. Language Movement and Pragmatic Change in a Conflict Area. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657543.003.0014.

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Since the Rwandan Genocide in 1994, the border areas of Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo have been characterized by armed conflict and waves of cross-border migration, which have affected speakers’ realizations of the varieties of Kinyarwanda spoken in the area. The resulting recontextualized language use is best explored through a theoretical background of language ideologies and “border thinking.” With respect to Kinyarwanda, the fluid practice Kinyafranglais and the youth language Imvugo y’Umuhanda have emerged in relation to post-genocide language purification processes in Rwanda. In the ongoing conflict in DR Congo, secret metaphors in Kinyabwisha are used by Congolese armed groups when planning military operations, but they are also adopted by civilians when addressing delicate war-related topics. Pragmatic change in Rufumbira (Uganda) in the adjacent areas affect the realization of linguistic taboos, “sex talk,” and politeness strategies, which all deviate from patterns found across the border(s).
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Book chapters on the topic "Post conflict strategies"

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Karareba, Gilbert, Simon Clarke, and Thomas O’Donoghue. "Concerns of School Leaders and Associated Strategies Adopted by Them." In Primary School Leadership in Post-Conflict Rwanda, 147–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60264-6_6.

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Gawrich, Andrea. "Conflict Management, International Parliamentary Assemblies and Small States: The Cases of Georgia and Moldova." In Between Peace and Conflict in the East and the West, 3–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77489-9_1.

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AbstractThe parliamentary assemblies of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and the Council of Europe have reputations as bridge-building institutions between western and post-socialist countries. However, territorial disputes between member states pose a challenge to the parliamentary diplomacy of these international parliamentary institutions (IPIs). This article examines how IPIs address conflicts in the cases of two small states facing “frozen” secessionist conflicts, where Russia’s hegemony is involved, namely Georgia with its territorial disputes in South Ossetia and Abkhazia along with Moldova and its secessionist dispute with Transnistria. This contribution unpacks IPI strategies by applying conceptual approaches from parliamentary diplomacy, conflict management and small-states literature, as well as the respective arguments on hegemonic strategies.
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Malik, Hafeez. "Strategic Significance of Border Conflicts." In Soviet-Pakistan Relations and Post-Soviet Dynamics, 1947–92, 139–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10573-1_7.

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Viktorovich, Surikov Anton. "Approaches to Mathematical Modeling of the Process of World-Wide Strategic Nuclear Conflict Used in the Former USSR." In Strategic Stability in the Post-Cold War World and the Future of Nuclear Disarmament, 307–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8396-1_21.

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Ojuok, Irene, and Tharcisse Ndayizigiye. "Women Participation in Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration for Climate Resilience: Laisamis, Marsabit County, Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2755–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_152.

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AbstractDespite the fact that land degradation is both natural and human-induced, it is proven that human activities pose greatest threat and these include unsustainable land management practices such as destruction of natural vegetation, overcultivation, overgrazing, poor land husbandry, and excessive forest conversion. Other than reduced productivity, land degradation also leads to socioeconomic problems such as food insecurity, insufficient water, and regular loss of livestock which exacerbate poverty, conflicts, and gender inequalities that negatively impact mostly women and children especially the rural population. Increased efforts by governments, donors, and partners toward reversing land degradation through community-led, innovative, and effective approaches therefore remain to be crucial today than never before!Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is a proven sustainable land management technology to restore degraded wasteland and improve depleted farmland. This approach has been tested across Africa with high success rates. In spite of the huge local, regional, and global efforts plus investments put on promoting FMNR across different landscapes among vulnerable communities for climate resilience, the implementation of such projects has not been as successful as intended due to slow women uptake and participation in the approach. In order of ensuring women who are mostly at highest risk to impacts of climate change enjoy the multiple benefits that come along with FMNR, the success rate for uptake of FMNR especially among women need to be enhanced.This chapter seeks to explore drivers and barriers of women participation in uptake of FMNR for climate resilience. Findings will be shared from a 3-year project dubbed Integrated Management of Natural Resources for Resilience in ASALs and a Food and Nutrition project both in Laisamis, Marsabit County, Kenya. The program interventions on natural resource management for livelihoods seek to integrate gender and conflict prevention and prioritize sustainable, market-based solutions to address the persistent challenges. The chapter discusses findings, successes, and lessons learned from the actions and the requirement to position women as vulnerable groups at the center of initiatives designed to address the climate change crisis. The outcome of this chapter will enhance gender-responsive FMNR programing through awareness creation, effective organization/project designs, strategies, and plans together with advocacy and policy influence. Limitations of the study and main recommendations for future programing in similar contexts are also shared.
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Zürn, Michael, and Anna Herrhausen. "Post-conflict peacebuilding:." In Strategies for Peace, 271–88. Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvdf09tx.14.

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Robertson, Kate. "Protecting Civilians in Conflict and Post-Conflict Reconstruction." In Effective Strategies for Protecting Human Rights, 79–84. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315203454-7.

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"Chapter 12. Exit Strategies And Post-Conflict Administration." In Post-conflict Administrations in International Law, 265–74. Brill | Nijhoff, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004170230.i-334.55.

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"Solomon Islands: Adaptive leadership strategies in schools." In School Level Leadership in Post-conflict Societies, 116–32. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203362778-11.

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"Chapter 3. Post Conflict Strategies for Peace and Security." In Human Rights and Policing, 321–47. Brill | Nijhoff, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004154377.i-514.99.

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Conference papers on the topic "Post conflict strategies"

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Nagy, Attila. "THE NON-APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN POST-CONFLICT DEVELOPMENT." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18834.

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Competition has been claimed to be a very liberal economic tool where market players are meant to be free in arranging their technologies, production and sales on a particular market. In this paper we are developing a new hypothetical of the functioning of market economies which are in a global sense and considering new markets very different and specific. All the global powers, whose centre of influence might change in time, are trying to gain a bigger share regarding raw materials and potential markets. In post-conflicts societies and in particular in our case study of Kosovo and Serbia we can see the more clear market interests of all local, regional and global powers. The research of post-conflict societies is providing us with some answers regarding the possible future developments in certain societies and regions. The EU made Brussels Agreements in Kosovo has managed to establish new enterprises as a solution of a political compromise where energy, telecommunication and natural resources played a key role. The Washington Agreement has liberalized the infrastructure achievements but in some aspects limited the use of energy and telecommunication infrastructure from certain sources. In this sense we can observe the limited capacity of competition rules application in post-conflict societies and in particular Kosovo in this case. These agreements have therefore limited the influence of economic, strategic and energy related influence from main USA competitors which have not been named in the agreements, but are well known. In both agreements it is visible how economic activities and cooperation is encouraged with various non-economic incentives. Competition is accordingly more of a political will than an economic reality for some in post-conflict societies. The introduction of various companies into the Kosovo legal framework and their control by Serbia is an obvious tool how natural resources could be shared for a benefit of citizens where conflict is resolved using free market and competition rules.
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Montoya, Catalina, Lina María Escobar-Ocampo, and Claudia María Vélez-Venegas. "Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia)." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6201.

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Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia). Catalina Montoya Arenas¹, Lina María Escobar Ocampo¹, Claudia Maria Venegas Velez¹ ¹Facultad de Arquitectura, UPB. Circular 1 N°70-01 Medellin, Colombia. E-mail: catalina.montoyaarenas@upb.edu.co, lina.escobar@upb.edu.co, claudia.ve7@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Cultural landscape, social management, heritage, spacial transformations, tourism Conference topics and scale: Stages in territorial configuration The historic center of Marinilla, National Monument since 1959, is located sixty minutes from Medellin at San Nicolas Valley. It has exceptional landscape conditions, highly productive lands, and a large percentage of the water reserve that supplies the region and the country, giving the territory an economic center character since the colony. These physical values make part of collective imagination as a recreation area and an opportunity for development in the 1960s, according to the construction of large national infrastructure works. At the same time, it was object of armed conflict in the 1980s and 1990s, and more recently, directly related to the spatial dynamics of the region: unplanned urban expansion, changes in land use and vegetation cover, with effects on the cultural landscape. In a post-conflict situation, the economic strategies of different actors trust on tourism as a social-spatial management strategy to improve the territory. However, the identity of rurality shows spatial imbalances without recognizing elements of historical construction whose legacies must be revealed to ensure equitable development. To do this, we propose an approach from the cultural landscape in a revision of the historical, symbolic and relational transformation through five systems (anthropic, productive, political, symbolic and spatial), analyzing competitiveness, tourism, landscape and social management, in different scales and during three historical moments. References (100 words) Busquets, J., and Cortina, A. (2009). Gestión del paisaje: Manual de protección, gestión y ordenación del paisaje. Ariel, Barcelona. Sierra, P. A. (2003). Periferias y nueva ciudad: el problema del paisaje en los procesos de dispersión urbana. Universidad de Sevilla. Barrera, S. (2014). Consideraciones teóricas para el análisis del paisaje. La Metodología de Los eventos relacionales. Perspectivas sobre el paisaje. Varón, D. C. Z. (2015). El derecho al paisaje en Colombia.: Consideraciones para la definición de su contenido, alcance y límites. U. Externado de Colombia. Olmo, R. M. (2008). El paisaje, patrimonio y recurso para el desarrollo territorial sostenible. Conocimiento y acción pública. Arbor, 184(729).
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Gözkaman, Armağan. "The European Union’s Attitude towards Russia between Values and Interests." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01410.

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The study will focus on the European Union’s attitude towards Russia by taking into consideration a dilemma: The European Union (EU) wants to uphold its values and principles while endeavoring to maximize its interests. In the post-Cold War period, Moscow’s policy choices have often been problematic for the Europeans. In the period following the Ukrainian conflict, the analysis of the relations between the two “strategic partners” is more difficult than ever. At least three reasons underlie this difficulty. First, the EU is notoriously incapable of reaching a common position on how to deal with the Russian problem. Second, trade is an important factor for the relations between the EU and Russia where oil occupies a significant place. Third, Russia has also a signification position vis-à-vis the EU as a powerful actor of international relations.
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Reports on the topic "Post conflict strategies"

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Moore, John M. Disconnected Strategies: Why Success is Elusive in Stability Operations and Post-Conflict Reconstruction. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424103.

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Menk, Peter D. Post-Conflict Strategic Requirements Workshop. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424050.

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Blank, Stephen J. Strategic Effects of the Conflict with Iraq. Post-Soviet States. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414398.

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Osterman, Joseph L. Then and Now: A Strategic Primer for Post-Conflict Activities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377971.

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Medlin, Jedediah J. The Marshall Plan as Strategic Analogy: Implications for Post-Conflict Reconstruction Planning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614165.

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Klingelhoefer, Mark D. Captured Enemy Ammunition in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Its Strategic Importance in Post-Conflict Operations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431848.

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Barton, Frederick D. Testimony: Statement of Frederick D. Barton, Senior Fellow and Director, Post-Conflict Reconstruction Project, Center for Strategic and International Studies, before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate on Accelerating Economic Progress in Iraq"". Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada438876.

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