Relevant bibliographies by topics / Post colonial theory

Academic literature on the topic 'Post colonial theory'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Post colonial theory"

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Moore, David Chioni, Patrick Williams, Laura Chrisman, Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths, and Helen Tiffin. "Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader." South Atlantic Review 60, no. 4 (November 1995): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3201254.

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Graham, Colin. "Post-Colonial Theory and Kiberd's 'Ireland'." Irish Review (1986-), no. 19 (1996): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29735812.

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Noor, Ronny, Susan Bassnett, and Harish Trivedi. "Post-Colonial Translation: Theory and Practice." World Literature Today 73, no. 3 (1999): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40155056.

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Kothari, Uma. "Development Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 7, no. 1 (July 1997): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1018529119970101.

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Kennedy, Dane. "Imperial history and post‐colonial theory." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 24, no. 3 (September 1996): 345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086539608582983.

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Weeks, Priscilla. "Post-Colonial Challenges to Grand Theory." Human Organization 49, no. 3 (September 1990): 236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.49.3.l1514802t2424223.

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VAN WYK SMITH, M. "COLONIAL AND POST-COLONIAL LITERATURES." Review of English Studies XLIV, no. 175 (1993): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/xliv.175.393.

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Nazareth, Peter, and Om P. Juneja. "Post Colonial Novel: Narratives of Colonial Consciousness." World Literature Today 70, no. 3 (1996): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40042324.

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Cousins, Mark. "Post-colonial London." Critical Quarterly 41, no. 3 (October 1999): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8705.00247.

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Boyarin, Jonathan, Eitan Bar-Yosef, and Miriam Sivan. "(Post)colonial Jews." Wasafiri 24, no. 1 (March 2009): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690050802589263.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post colonial theory"

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McGuinness, Mark. "Post-colonial spaces? : interrogating the spaces of planning and theory." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590289.

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This thesis is concerned with how space is represented. Of particular interest are discursive constructions of space in the formal articulations of spatial planning and the contemporary languages of academic geography and social science. It is suggested that no understanding of the Western spatial imaginary could be complete without consideration of the constituting logic of colonisation and spatial expansion on Western ideas of space and its potentialities. Empirical illustrations are taken from the physical, formal language of the British new towns projects, Corbusian planning ideas and Victorian urban social reform agitations. There is a consideration of academic literatures that imply, suggest and promote differing versions of space. Concerns about the continued 'white eye' of the new post-colonial place geographies of contemporary Britain are outlined. Argued through a broad, interdisciplinary literature, particular focus is placed on redefining colonialism as a discursive strategy for appropriating others. The thesis concludes that there is a continued need for a decolonisation of Western spatial identities and registers.
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Ranjha, Wajid Ali. "Critical theory, modernity and the question of post-colonial identity." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr197.pdf.

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Hicks, Martin Cyr. "The politics of resistance, an approach to post-colonial cultural and critical theory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0015/MQ46754.pdf.

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Cyr, Hicks Martin. "The politics of resistance : an approach to post-colonial cultural and critical theory." Mémoire, Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1998. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2105.

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John, Mathew. "Rethinking the secular state : perspectives on constitutional law in post-colonial India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/229/.

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This thesis examines the role of the secular State in the making of modern constitutional government in India and argues that the practice of constitutional secularism is an unrealised pedagogical project whose goal is the transformation of Indian society and its politics. Toleration is the core value defended by the liberal secular State and the Indian State is no exception; however, its institution in the Indian Constitution compels religious groups to reformulate their traditions as doctrinal truths. Through decisions of Indian courts I demonstrate that this is an odd demand made on non-Semitic traditions like Hinduism because even up the contemporary moment it is difficult to cast these traditions in terms of doctrinal truths. Though reformulated religious identities are occluded descriptions of Indian religious traditions, I argue that they have gained considerable force in contemporary India because they were drawn into constitutional government as the problem of accommodating minority interests. Accommodating minority identities was part of an explicitly stated pedagogical project through which the British colonial government was to steward what they supposed to be irreconcilably fragmented 'interests' that comprised Indian society towards a unified polity. Though the Indian Constitution reworked the politics of interests toward the amelioration of social and economic 'backwardness', I argue that the rights granted to the Scheduled Castes, Other Backward Classes, and Minorities continue to mobilise these groups as reformulated religious identities with associated interests. Thus as recognisably occluded accounts of Indian society, I demonstrate that reformed religious identities and indeed the practice of secular constitutionalism functions like a discursive veil that screens off Indian social experience from the task of generating solutions to legal and institutional problems.
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Sternehäll, Tove. "Understanding State Fragility through the Actor-Network Theory: A Case Study of Post-Colonial Sudan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-57787.

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Despite the broad discourse on fragile states and the threat they pose to the contemporary world order, the literature on the subject does to a large extent ignore the material factors behind the causes of state fragility. Scholars and organizations in the field have almost exclusively adopted the Social Contract Theory (SCT) in order to explain state fragility as a problem caused by social factors. This study broadens the discourse by applying SCT as well as the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) on the case study of Sudan, in order to do a deductive theory testing of the added value of each theory. The results of this study show that while the Social Contract Theory does explain many factors behind state fragility, the application of the Actor-Network Theory adds to this by also incorporating the networks between the social and material determinants in societies. This research contributes to the debate on fragile states by adding to the scarce research on the materiality of fragility through the use of the Actor-Network Theory. The positive results of this thesis encourage future use of this theory in the field as it has the potential to give new insights in how to deal with fragile states.
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Noman, Abu Sayeed Mohammad. "POST-COLONIAL DISLOCATION AND AMNESIA: A CURE FROM MOLEFI KETE ASANTE'S AN AFROCENTRIC MANIFESTO." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/216557.

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African American Studies
M.A.
'Post-colonial Dislocation and Amnesia: A Cure from Molefi Kete Asante's An Afrocentric Manifesto' aims at investigating the epistemological problems and theoretical inconsistencies in contemporary post-colonial studies. Capitalizing Molefi Kete Asante's theorizations on agency, location, identity, and history this project applies an Afrocentric approach in its reading of the post-colonial authors and theorists. While current postcolonial theory seems to be at stake with operationalizing many of its terms and concepts, the application of Afrocentric methods can help answering severe allegations raised by a number of critics against this discourse. Issues concerning spatial and temporal location of the term post-colonial, commodity status of post-colonialism, and crises in the post-colonial pedagogy can be addressed from an Afrocentric perspective based on a new historiography. To support the proposed arguments, the paper provides an extensive reading of two post-colonial writers from the Caribbean, and shows how they manipulate their apparent power in perpetuating the misrepresentations of the colonized people initiated by the colonial discourses. With a detailed discussion of the principles of Afrocentricity based on Asante's ground-breaking book An Afrocentric Manifesto, the paper proposes possible ways in which Afrocentric theory could be applied in addressing such misrepresentations and developing a true sense of identity for the oppressed people.
Temple University--Theses
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McCarthy, Liam Patrick. "The operationalisation of political and societal securitization theory, and its application to post-colonial Indonesia." Thesis, Swansea University, 2006. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42546.

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This thesis is both a conceptual analysis of securitization and an analysis of the political and societal security threats that plagued the Sukarno and Suharto regimes in hidonesia. It charts securitization's place within the current security hterature and examines the critiques of these sectors. It addresses the criticism that political security is too broad and lacking a distinct identity of its own. Using the work of Alagappa and Ayoob allows us to expand our understanding of political securitization, the nature of the threats to the sector, define a clear referent object, and apply securitization logic to the study of authoritarian regimes. Secondly, with respect to societal securitisation, this dissertation will develop the current literature to incorporate social psychology theory, which provides us with a clearer understanding of not only how and why social groups, and thus social identities, form but also why it is people need these groups in the first place, and also why inter group conflict can occur. This in turn provides a more robust conception of societal security. The thesis then uses these operationalised security concepts and uses them to analyse postcolonial Indonesia. It argues that the central principles of both the Sukarno and Suharto political regimes had within their guiding principles the antecedents that would lead to their ultimate failure. It also argues that the oppressive policies of the New Order towards ethnic minorities, rather than destroying the targeted groups actually defined and strengthened notions of what it was to be Indonesian.
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Neilly, Joanna Claire. "Image of the Orient in E.T.A. Hoffmann's writing." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9491.

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Although the field of German Romantic Orientalism has been growing in recent years, the prolific writer E.T.A. Hoffmann has largely escaped critical attention. This study of his oeuvre reveals, however, that it was shaped and influenced by both the scholarly and popular orientalist discourses of his time. Furthermore, Hoffmann satirises literary orientalist practices even as he takes part in them, and so his work exposes the ambivalence of the apparent German veneration for the ‘Romantic’ Orient. While Hoffmann responds to the Romantic image of the Orient set up by his predecessors (J.G. Herder, Novalis, Friedrich Schlegel), he does so in order to reveal both the uses and the limits of this model for the Romantic artist in the modern world. The Orient serves as an inspiration for Romantic art, and thus Edward Said’s claim that the Romantics appropriated the East merely for the rejuvenation of European literature must be acknowledged. Nevertheless, as an extremely self-aware writer, Hoffmann does not utilise this approach uncritically. My thesis shows how Hoffmann responded to the image of the Orient as it was produced by writers, musicians, and scholars inside the German-speaking lands. The Orient resists successful imitation, as his texts acknowledge when they turn a critical eye towards German cultural production. Furthermore, Hoffmann’s famous criticism of nineteenth-century society is enhanced by comparison of German and oriental characters, with the latter often coming out more favourably. Hoffmann’s tales therefore demand a reassessment of the view that the Romantics constructed the Orient exclusively as a paradisaical land of poetic fulfilment. His (self-) reflective response to the nineteenth-century treatment of the Orient in Germany marks him out as an original – and essential – voice in Romantic Orientalism.
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Harmon, Caroline. "Shattered Dreams : An essay analyzing Chanu's assimilation process in Brick Lane." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11689.

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Brick Lane has stimulated a wide range of debates regarding Monica Ali's portrayal of the inhabitants of the area from which the novel has taken its title. This essay claims that assimilation is the key theme of the novel, and that the desire to achieve it is represented most strongly in the character of Chanu. The latter's primary goal is to assimilate himself into the English society in which he now lives. In order to demonstrate just how complex this assimilation process is, Chanu is discussed in relation to society's influence on him and four concepts of post colonial theory, namely double consciousness, unhomeliness, mimicry and hybridity.
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Books on the topic "Post colonial theory"

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Ahluwalia, Pal. Politics and Post-Colonial Theory. London: Taylor & Francis Inc, 2004.

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Laura, Chrisman, and Williams Patrick, eds. Colonial discourse and post-colonial theory: A reader. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993.

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1951-, Williams Patrick, and Chrisman Laura, eds. Colonial discourse and post-colonial theory: A reader. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.

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Childs, Peter. An introduction to post-colonial theory. Harlow: Longman, 1997.

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1961-, Tompkins Joanne, ed. Post-colonial drama: Theory, practice, politics. London: Routledge, 1996.

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Susan, Bassnett, and Trivedi Harish, eds. Post-colonial translation: Theory and practice. London: Routledge, 1999.

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1962-, Childs Peter, ed. Post-colonial theory and English literature: A reader. Edinburgh [Scotland]: Edinburgh University Press, 1999.

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Post-colonial literatures in English: History, language, theory. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers, 1998.

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L, Madsen Deborah, ed. Beyond the borders: American literature and post-colonial theory. London: Pluto Press, 2003.

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Jacques, Weber Jean, and Williams Patrick 1951-, eds. Post-colonial theory and literatures: African, Caribbean and South Asian. Trier: WVT, Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Post colonial theory"

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Hart, Jonathan, and Terry Goldie. "Post-colonial theory." In Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory, edited by Irena Makaryk, 155–58. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442674417-040.

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Amin-Khan, Tariq. "Hyphenated post-colonial." In Literary Theory and Criticism, 131–49. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003213857-7.

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Trivedi, Harish. "Post-colonial hybridity." In Literary Theory and Criticism, 189–202. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003213857-12.

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Uffelmann, Dirk. "Postcolonial theory as post-colonial nationalism." In Postcolonialism Cross-Examined, 135–52. First edition. | New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367222543-7.

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O’Healy, Áine. "Post-colonial Theory and Italy’s ‘Multicultural’ Cinema." In The Italian Cinema Book, 295–302. London: British Film Institute, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-92642-8_36.

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Enayat, Hadi. "Secularization Theory and its Discontents." In Islam and Secularism in Post-Colonial Thought, 55–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52611-9_5.

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Rowland, Susan. "(Post) Colonial Jung: Doris Lessing’s Canopus in Argos." In C. G. Jung and Literary Theory, 165–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230597648_8.

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Nfah-Abbenyi, Juliana Makuchi. "Gender, Feminist Theory, and Post-Colonial (Women’s) Writing." In African Gender Studies A Reader, 259–78. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-09009-6_14.

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Chetty, Suryakanthie. "A World in a Grain of Sand: A Brief History of Geology and the Origins of Continental Drift Theory." In Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies, 29–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52711-2_3.

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Bass, Loretta E. "A Post-Colonial Bouillabaisse: Africans in France — Context and Theory." In African Immigrant Families in Another France, 22–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313928_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Post colonial theory"

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Milostivaya, A., E. Nazarenko Ekaterina, and I. Makhova. "Post-colonial Theory of Homi K. Bhabha: Translator's and Translatologist's Reflection." In 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference "Current issues of linguistics and didactics: The interdisciplinary approach in humanities" (CILDIAH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cildiah-17.2017.31.

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Xingyu, Lu. "An Analysis of the Construction of Female Identity in A Mercy Under the Perspective of Homi Bhabha’s Post-Colonial Theory." In 2nd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange (ICLACE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210609.110.

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Fellahi, Nadjla. "The Impact of Globalization on Architectural Production in Algeria Regarding Post-colonial Identity." In 6th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2022.002.

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Algeria imported Western culture through early globalization, which continued with the global integration of the French colonial period and proceeded its impact in the postcolonial era. This paper seeks to analyse the impact of globalization in Algeria in the postcolonial era starting from the remaining colonial impact, as well as how it functioned as an introduction to modern globalization aspects in the postcolonial Algerian identity in the decades before to present. The impact of thousands of colonial houses occupied by Algerians shortly after independence that created old/new dwellings, as well as the rise of individualism as a result of the change in housing notion. The reaction of nationalist Algerian architects as well as the consequences of academics and architects studying abroad in parallel with the availability of internet, architectural media, and commodities, and the rise of consumer culture, that led the change in Algerians' housing preferences. Foreign investments and globalization trends: Are all the aspects that have been discussed to understand the impact of globalization on the post-colonial Algerian identity regarding architectural production. The results show that the Algerian post-colonial architectural production has been remarkably affected by both earlier globalization and modern globalization. Local authorities of Algeria can focus on making young architects familiar with traditional culture in order to maintain the authenticity of their culture in architectural design in the upcoming future.
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Magalhães, Ana. "Le Corbusier’s legacy in the tropics: modern architecture in Angola and Mozambique (1950-70)." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.978.

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Abstract: Le Corbusier’s work and thought are a predominant influence over the Modern Movement, and their worldwide spreading acquired a significant dimension during the Second Post-War period. Such predominance of the architectural models conveyed by Le Corbusier may have originated in the rationale enunciated in his written work, which clearly explains a set of doctrinaire parameters, or in his active determinant role in international organisations such as the CIAM, but particularly in his ability to become a global architect, which led to a large international publication of his work. This paper intends to analyse the significance of the Corbusian legacy in architectural production in Angola and Mozambique during the 1950s and 1960s. These two former Portuguese colonies, far away from the centre of power dominated by the dictatorship of the so-called Estado Novo, were tantamount to a land of freedom and were, for a significant range of young architects working and building there, a laboratory for testing new languages of the Modern Movement, particularly on the basis of the Corbusian vocabulary. Two of those young architects Vasco Vieira da Costa (1911- 1982) and Fernão Simões de Carvalho (1929-), who worked in Angola from the beginning of the 50s, were trainees in Le Corbusier’s Paris ateliers. In addition to the work developed by those two architects, the specificity of the architectural production in Angola and Mozambique, particularly private order work, is clearly referenced to the Corbusian lexicon, whether in a more orthodox or a more hybrid way. Keywords: Le Corbusier; Le Corbusier’s legacy; Architecture in Lusophone Africa; Colonial; Tropical. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.978
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Uzra, Mehbuba Tune, and Peter Scrivener. "Designing Post-colonial Domesticity: Positions and Polarities in the Feminine Reception of New Residential Patterns in Modernising East Pakistan and Bangladesh." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4027pcwf6.

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When Paul Rudolph was commissioned to design a new university campus for East Pakistan in the mid-1960s, the project was among the first to introduce the expressionist brutalist lexicon of late-modernism into the changing architectural language of postcolonial South and Southeast Asia. Beyond the formal and tectonic ruptures with established colonial-modern norms that these designs represented, they also introduced equally radical challenges to established patterns of domestic space-use. Principles of open-planning and functional zoning employed by Rudolf in the design of academic staff accommodation, for example, evidently reflected a socially progressive approach – in light of the contemporary civil rights movement back in America – to the accommodation of domestic servants within the household of the modern nuclear family. As subsequent residents would recount, however, these same planning principles could have very different and even opposite implications for the privacy and sense of security of Bangladeshi academics and their families. The paper explores and interprets the post-occupancy experience of living in such novel ‘ultra-modern’ patterns of a new domesticity in postcolonial Bangladesh, and their reception and adaptation into the evolving norms of everyday residential development over the decades since. Specifically, it examines the reception of and responses to these radically new residential patterns by female members of the evolving modern Bengali Muslim middle class who were becoming progressively more liberal in their outlook and lifestyles, whilst retaining consciousness and respect for the abiding significance in their personal and family lives of traditional cultural practices and religious affinities. Drawing from the case material and methods of an on-going PhD study, the paper will offer a contrapuntal analysis of architectural and ethnological evidence of how the modern Bengali woman negotiates, adapts to and calibrates these received architectural patterns of domesticity whilst simultaneously crafting a reembraced cultural concept of femininity, in a fluid dialogical process of refashioning both space and self.
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Minguzzi, Magda, Yolanda Hernandez Navarro, and Lucy Vosloo. "Traditional dwellings and techniques of the First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa in the Eastern Cape." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15019.

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Vernacular indigenous dwellings of the Khoikhoi Peoples (First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa[1]) present in the Baviaans Kloof area in the Eastern Cape (South Africa) have been surveyed and are currently under study by the authors with the direct involvement of the community members. This research is of particular relevance because: it is conducted in a geographical area that is currently under-researched in respect to this particular theme; the dwellings are an exceptionally rare example of the use of Khoikhoi traditional techniques and materials; it was achieved with the direct engagement of the Indigenous community. The research collaboration applies a transdisciplinary approach and method – already in place with the NRF-CEP research by Dr Minguzzi – that employs a multi-layered methodology: practice-led research, community engagement/ community cultural development, influenced by narrative inquiry. In the age of globalization, it becomes necessary to study the origin and development of those buildings to understand their constructive process, the use of specific local materials as well as the consequences that the introduction of unsustainable colonial materials caused. This is an aspect that could be relevant for future reflection on how to preserve and promote the Indigenous cultural, social inclusion and sustainable built environment. The paper will define the state of the art and morphological, functional and technical analysis of contemporary Khoikhoi dwellings to identify the tangible and intangible cultural heritage and the influences of colonization on it. [1] The First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa are the San (hunter-gatherer) and Khoikhoi (herders). Two groups which, in precolonial times had overlapping subsistence patterns and use of the territory, and which, from the colonist arrival until the present, have been fighting for the recognition of their identity and heritage. In this regard see: Besten M. “We are the original inhabitant of this land: Khoe-San identity in post-apartheid South Africa”, in Adhaikari M. (2013), Burdened by Race: Coloured identities in southern Africa, UCT press, Cape Town.
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Opoku-Boateng, Judith. "Applying the “baby nursing model” in under-resourced audiovisual archives in Africa." In SOIMA 2015: Unlocking Sound and Image Heritage. International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/soima2015.4.18.

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It is a well-known fact that there has been extensive documentation of African traditional arts in post-colonial Africa, which has contributed to the growing accumulation of field recordings in Africa that could form the nucleus for archives in individual African countries. These include private collections as well as recordings at broadcasting and television stations; government ministries such as Tourism, Culture and Information; museums and academic institutions. Sadly, these precious traditions – which have been expensively captured – are often not properly managed in their host institutions. The caretakers of this heritage mostly sit by as collections deteriorate and sometimes are disposed of due to lack of institutional support. Such practices prevail in most African archives. This paper proposes a new mode of consciousness of the value of audiovisual heritage materials by comparing them with human babies. This new archival management principle, ‘the baby nursing model’, has been adopted and practiced at the University of Ghana and has achieved positive results.
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Burak, Nurhilal. "Genoese Traces in the Black Sea Coast of Turkey’s Forts." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11524.

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The Black Sea is an interior sea and located between Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia and Turkey. The Black Sea flows through the Bosporus and reaches the Marmara Sea. Strong winds and stream has seen in the Black Sea in most of times in a year. Because of that natural bays were preferred while the ports and settlements were established. Republic of Genoa has started to plan the trade routes that will be carried out on the Black Sea coast since the Treaty of Nymphaeum signed in 1261. The settlements of the Genoese colonies along the Black Sea coast were not simultaneous. From 1266 onwards, there had been a growth of about 200 years. They intervened in some of the defense structures in these ports. They have placed their own coat of arms on the walls of the defensive structures they had built or repaired. The information is obtained about the colonies in these ports from the trade records which kept by Genoese (Massaria di Caffa, Massaria di Pera), the maritime maps (portolans) produced in those centuries and the medieval historians. The scope of this paper is to be examined that between Bulgaria and Georgia borders the Black Sea port of Turkey’s remaining strongholds which Genoese used for trade. Historical documents and maps will be used as well. In the light of these methods, the ports used by the Republic of Genoa on the shores of the Black Sea, established colonies and construction activities in the thirteenth - fifteenth centuries will be examined.
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Raxworthy, Julian. "A Story of Two Titles: The Torrens System and Parcel 702, Adelaide." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4023p41ye.

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Although the catchment - the topographically defined edge where “all rainfall… drains naturally … or is directed to by human intervention towards … the catchment outlet [which may be immediately a creek, but ultimately is the ocean] ” – is the most significant boundary for ecological function of landscapes, Raxworthy has argued that property boundaries and land tenure make it such that “landscape pattern is as much an emergent quality of capitalism as it is propensity[y] of [the landscape.” Despite its role in establishing the pattern of the landscape, landscape architects tend to treat property boundary as a given that is almost invisible when every act they do reacts to it in some way, necessitating, Raxworthy continues, a theorising of land tenure in landscape architecture. I hope to continue Raxworthy’s project in this paper by examining the celebrated model of contemporary land titling – the Torrens System – in its place of origination – Adelaide – and explore the relationship between landscape, people and land titling. Two of the things Adelaide is most famous for might seem complimentary but are actually contradictory: the Torrens System of title (which Atkinson, quoting Greg Taylor, calls ““South Australia’s most successful intellectual export.”” ) and the first successful determination Native Title in a capital city of Australia. Developed by Robert Richard Torrens, the “Real Property Act (1858)” (which subsequently became known as Torrens Title, or the Torrens System) and “simplify[ied] the Laws relating to the transfer and encumbrance of freehold and other interests in land,” by creating a centralised registration system of actual land ownership, rather than simply deeds, removing potentials for contestation. In the developing world the Torrens System has been a very important tool in helping secure land title in post-colonial countries “[becoming] the norm in both Anglophone and Francophone colonial Africa,” yet, as Leonie Kelleher has argued, the Torrens System effectively eclipsed the previous sovereignty of Aboriginal people in the very place of its creation.
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Dąbrowska, Marta. "What is Indian in Indian English? Markers of Indianness in Hindi-Speaking Users’ Social Media Communication." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.8-2.

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Public communication in the contemporary world constitutes a multifaceted phenomenon. The Internet offers unlimited possibilities of contact and public expression, locally and globally, yet exerts its power, inducing use of the Internet lingo, loosening language norms, and encourages the use of a lingua franca, English in particular. This leads to linguistic choices that are liberating for some and difficult for others on ideological grounds, due to the norms of the discourse community, or simply because of insufficient language skills and linguistic means available. Such choices appear to particularly characterise post-colonial states, in which the co-existence of multiple local tongues with the language once imperially imposed and now owned by local users makes the web of repertoires especially complex. Such a case is no doubt India, where the use of English alongside the nationally encouraged Hindi and state languages stems not only from its historical past, but especially its present position enhanced not only by its local prestige, but also by its global status too, and also as the primary language of Online communication. The Internet, however, has also been recognised as a medium that encourages, and even revitalises, the use of local tongues, and which may manifest itself through the choice of a given language as the main medium of communication, or only a symbolic one, indicated by certain lexical or grammatical features as identity markers. It is therefore of particular interest to investigate how members of such a multilingual community, represented here by Hindi users, convey their cultural identity when interacting with friends and the general public Online, on social media sites. This study is motivated by Kachru’s (1983) classical study, and, among others, a recent discussion concerning the use of Hinglish (Kothari and Snell, eds., 2011). This paper analyses posts by Hindi users on Facebook (private profiles and fanpages) and Twitter, where personalities of users are largely known, and on YouTube, where they are often hidden, in order to identify how the users mark their Indian identity. Investigated will be Hindi lexical items, grammatical aspects and word order, cases of code-switching, and locally coloured uses of English words and spelling conventions, with an aim to establish, also from the point of view of gender preferences, the most dominating linguistic patterns found Online.
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Reports on the topic "Post colonial theory"

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McKinnon, Mark, Craig Weinschenk, and Daniel Madrzykowski. Modeling Gas Burner Fires in Ranch and Colonial Style Structures. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/mwje4818.

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The test scenarios ranged from fires in the structures with no exterior ventilation to room fires with flow paths that connected the fires with remote intake and exhaust vents. In the ranch, two replicate fires were conducted for each room of origin and each ventilation condition. Rooms of fire origin included the living room, bedroom, and kitchen. In the colonial, the focus was on varying the flow paths to examine the change in fire behavior and the resulting damage. No replicates were conducted in the colonial. After each fire scene was documented, the interior finish and furnishings were replaced in affected areas of the structure. Instrumentation was installed to measure gas temperature, gas pressure, and gas movement within the structures. In addition, oxygen sensors were installed to determine when a sufficient level of oxygen was available for flaming combustion. Standard video and firefighting IR cameras were also installed inside of the structures to capture information about the fire dynamics of the experiments. Video cameras were also positioned outside of the structures to monitor the flow of smoke, flames, and air at the exterior vents. Each of the fires were started from a small flaming source. The fires were allowed to develop until they self-extinguished due to a lack of oxygen or until the fire had transitioned through flashover. The times that fires burned post-flashover varied based on the damage occurring within the structure. The goal was have patterns remaining on the ceiling, walls, and floors post-test. In total, thirteen experiments were conducted in the ranch structure and eight experiments were conducted in the colonial structure. All experiments were conducted at UL's Large Fire Laboratory in Northbrook, IL. Increasing the ventilation available to the fire, in both the ranch and the colonial, resulted in additional burn time, additional fire growth, and a larger area of fire damage within the structures. These changes are consistent with fire dynamics based assessments and were repeatable. Fire patterns within the room of origin led to the area of origin when the ventilation of the structure was considered. Fire patterns generated pre-flashover, persisted post-flashover if the ventilation points were remote from the area of origin.
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Richards, Robin. The Effect of Non-partisan Elections and Decentralisation on Local Government Performance. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.014.

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This rapid review focusses on whether there is international evidence on the role of non-partisan elections as a form of decentralised local government that improves performance of local government. The review provides examples of this from Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. There are two reported examples in Sub-Saharan Africa of non-partisan elections that delink candidates from political parties during election campaigns. The use of non-partisan elections to improve performance and democratic accountability at the level of government is not common, for example, in southern Africa all local elections at the sub-national sphere follow the partisan model. Whilst there were no examples found where countries shifted from partisan to non-partisan elections at the local government level, the literature notes that decentralisation policies have the effect of democratising and transferring power and therefore few central governments implement it fully. In Africa decentralisation is favoured because it is often used as a cover for central control. Many post-colonial leaders in Africa continue to favour centralised government under the guise of decentralisation. These preferences emanated from their experiences under colonisation where power was maintained by colonial administrations through institutions such as traditional leadership. A review of the literature on non-partisan elections at the local government level came across three examples where this occurred. These countries were: Ghana, Uganda and Bangladesh. Although South Africa holds partisan elections at the sub-national sphere, the election of ward committee members and ward councillors, is on a non-partisan basis and therefore, the ward committee system in South Africa is included as an example of a non-partisan election process in the review.
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Chejanovsky, Nor, Diana Cox-Foster, Victoria Soroker, and Ron Ophir. Honeybee modulation of infection with the Israeli acute paralysis virus, in asymptomatic, acutely infected and CCD colonies. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594392.bard.

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Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony losses pose a severe risk to the food chain. The IAPV (Israeli acute paralysis virus) was correlated with CCD, a particular case of colony collapse. Honey bees severely infected with IAPV show shivering wings that progress to paralysis and subsequent death. Bee viruses, including IAPV, are widely present in honey bee colonies but often there are no pathological symptoms. Infestation of the beehive with Varroa mites or exposure to stress factors leads to significant increase in viral titers and fatal infections. We hypothesized that the honey bee is regulating/controlling IAPV and viral infections in asymptomatic infections and this control is broken through "stress" leading to acute infections and/or CCD. Our aims were: 1. To discover genetic changes in IAPV that may affect tissue tropism in the host, and/or virus infectivity and pathogenicity. 2. To elucidate mechanisms used by the host to regulate/ manage the IAPV-infection in vivo and in vitro. To achieve the above objectives we first studied stress-induced virus activation. Our data indicated that some pesticides, including myclobutanil, chlorothalonil and fluvalinate, result in amplified viral titers when bees are exposed at sub lethal levels by a single feeding. Analysis of the level of immune-related bee genes indicated that CCD-colonies exhibit altered and weaker immune responses than healthy colonies. Given the important role of viral RNA interference (RNAi) in combating viral infections we investigated if CCD-colonies were able to elicit this particular antiviral response. Deep-sequencing analysis of samples from CCD-colonies from US and Israel revealed high frequency of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) perfectly matching IAPV, Kashmir bee virus and Deformed wing virus genomes. Israeli colonies showed high titers of IAPV and a conserved RNAi pattern of targeting the viral genome .Our findings were further supported by analysis of samples from colonies experimentally infected with IAPV. Following for the first time the dynamics of IAPV infection in a group of CCD colonies that we rescued from collapse, we found that IAPV conserves its potential to act as one lethal, infectious factor and that its continuous replication in CCD colonies deeply affects their health and survival. Ours is the first report on the dominant role of IAPV in CCD-colonies outside from the US under natural conditions. We concluded that CCD-colonies do exhibit a regular siRNA response that is specific against predominant viruses associated with colony losses and other immune pathways may account for their weak immune response towards virus infection. Our findings: 1. Reveal that preventive measures should be taken by the beekeepers to avoid insecticide-based stress induction of viral infections as well as to manage CCD colonies as a source of highly infectious viruses such as IAPV. 2. Contribute to identify honey bee mechanisms involved in managing viral infections.
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Shpigel, Muki, Allen Place, William Koven, Oded (Odi) Zmora, Sheenan Harpaz, and Mordechai Harel. Development of Sodium Alginate Encapsulation of Diatom Concentrates as a Nutrient Delivery System to Enhance Growth and Survival of Post-Larvae Abalone. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7586480.bard.

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The major bottlenecks in rearing the highly priced gastropod abalone (Haliotis spp.) are the slow growth rate and the high mortality during the first 8 to 12 weeks following metamorphosis and settling. The most likely reason flor these problems is related to nutritional deficiencies in the diatom diet on which the post larvae (PL) feed almost exclusively in captivity. Higher survival and improved growth rate will reduce the considerable expense of hatchery-nursery resisdence time and thereflore the production costs. BARD supported our research for one year only and the support was given to us in order to prove that "(1) Abalone PL feed on encapsulated diatoms, and (2) heterotrophic diatoms can be mass produced." In the course of this year we have developed a novel nutrient delivery system specifically designed to enhance growth and survival of post-larval abalone. This approach is based on the sodium-alginate encapsulation of heterotrophically grown diatoms or diatom extracts, including appetite-stimulating factors. Diatom species that attract the PL and promote the highest growth and survival have been identified. These were also tested by incorporating them (either intact cells or as cell extracts) into a sodium-alginate matrix while comparing the growth to that achieved when using diatoms (singel sp. or as a mixture). A number of potential chemoattractants to act as appetite-stimulating factors for abalone PL have been tested. Preliminary results show that the incorporation of the amino acid methionine at a level of 10-3M to the sodim alginate matrix leads to a marked enhancement of growth. The results ol these studies provided basic knowledge on the growth of abalone and showed that it is possible to obtain, on a regular basis, survival rates exceeding 10% for this stage. Prior to this study the survival rates ranged between 2-4%, less than half of the values achieved today. Several diatom species originated from the National Center for Mariculture (Nitzchia laevis, Navicula lenzi, Amphora T3, and Navicula tennerima) and Cylindrotheca fusiformis (2083, 2084, 2085, 2086 and 2087 UTEX strains, Austin TX) were tested for heterotrophic growth. Axenic colonies were initially obtained and following intensive selection cycles and mutagenesis treatments, Amphora T3, Navicula tennerima and Cylindrotheca fusiformis (2083 UTEX strain) were capable of growing under heterotrophic conditions and to sustain highly enriched mediums. A highly efficient selection procedure as well as cost effective matrix of media components were developed and optimized. Glucose was identified as the best carbon source for all diatom strains. Doubling times ranging from 20-40 h were observed, and stable heterotroph cultures at a densities range of 103-104 were achieved. Although current growth rates are not yet sufficient for full economical fermentation, we estimate that further selections and mutagenesis treatments cycles should result in much faster growing colonies suitable for a fermentor scale-up. As rightfully pointed out by one of the reviewers, "There would be no point in assessing the optimum levels of dietary inclusions into micro-capsules, if the post-larvae cannot be induced to consume those capsules in the first place." We believe that the results of the first year of research provide a foundationfor the continuation of this research following the objectives put forth in the original proposal. Future work should concentrate on the optimization of incorporation of intact cells and cell extracts of the developed heterotrophic strains in the alginate matrix, as well as improving this delivery system by including liposomes and chemoattractants to ensure food consumption and enhanced growth.
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King, E. L., A. Normandeau, T. Carson, P. Fraser, C. Staniforth, A. Limoges, B. MacDonald, F. J. Murrillo-Perez, and N. Van Nieuwenhove. Pockmarks, a paleo fluid efflux event, glacial meltwater channels, sponge colonies, and trawling impacts in Emerald Basin, Scotian Shelf: autonomous underwater vehicle surveys, William Kennedy 2022011 cruise report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331174.

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A short but productive cruise aboard RV William Kennedy tested various new field equipment near Halifax (port of departure and return) but also in areas that could also benefit science understanding. The GSC-A Gavia Autonomous Underwater Vehicle equipped with bathymetric, sidescan and sub-bottom profiler was successfully deployed for the first time on Scotian Shelf science targets. It surveyed three small areas: two across known benthic sponge, Vazella (Russian Hat) within a DFO-directed trawling closure area on the SE flank of Sambro Bank, bordering Emerald Basin, and one across known pockmarks, eroded cone-shaped depression in soft mud due to fluid efflux. The sponge study sites (~ 150 170 m water depth) were known to lie in an area of till (subglacial diamict) exposure at the seabed. The AUV data identified gravel and cobble-rich seabed, registering individual clasts at 35 cm gridded resolution. A subtle variation in seabed texture is recognized in sidescan images, from cobble-rich on ridge crests and flanks, to limited mud-rich sediment in intervening troughs. Correlation between seabed topography and texture with the (previously collected) Vazella distribution along two transects is not straightforward. However there may be a preference for the sponge in the depressions, some of which have a thin but possibly ephemeral sediment cover. Both sponge study sites depict a hereto unknown morphology, carved in glacial deposits, consisting of a series of discontinuous ridges interpreted to be generated by erosion in multiple, continuous, meandering and cross-cutting channels. The morphology is identical to glacial Nye, or mp;lt;"N-mp;lt;"channels, cut by sub-glacial meltwater. However their scale (10 to 100 times mp;lt;"typicalmp;gt;" N-channels) and the unique eroded medium, (till rather than bedrock), presents a rare or unknown size and medium and suggests a continuum in sub-glacial meltwater channels between much larger tunnel valleys, common to the eastward, and the bedrock forms. A comparison is made with coastal Nova Scotia forms in bedrock. The Emerald Basin AUV site, targeting pockmarks was in ~260 to 270 m water depth and imaged eight large and one small pockmark. The main aim was to investigate possible recent or continuous fluid flux activity in light of ocean acidification or greenhouse gas contribution; most accounts to date suggested inactivity. While a lack of common attributes marking activity is confirmed, creep or rotational flank failure is recognized, as is a depletion of buried diffuse methane immediately below the seabed features. Discovery of a second, buried, pockmark horizon, with smaller but more numerous erosive cones and no spatial correlation to the buried diffuse gas or the seabed pockmarks, indicates a paleo-event of fluid or gas efflux; general timing and possible mechanisms are suggested. The basinal survey also registered numerous otter board trawl marks cutting the surficial mud from past fishing activity. The AUV data present a unique dataset for follow-up quantification of the disturbance. Recent realization that this may play a significant role in ocean acidification on a global scale can benefit from such disturbance quantification. The new pole-mounted sub-bottom profiler collected high quality data, enabling correlation of recently recognized till ridges exposed at the seabed as they become buried across the flank and base of the basin. These, along with the Nye channels, will help reconstruct glacial behavior and flow patterns which to date are only vaguely documented. Several cores provide the potential for stratigraphic dating of key horizons and will augment Holocene environmental history investigations by a Dalhousie University student. In summary, several unique features have been identified, providing sufficient field data for further compilation, analysis and follow-up publications.
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Sionov, Edward, Nancy Keller, and Shiri Barad-Kotler. Mechanisms governing the global regulation of mycotoxin production and pathogenicity by Penicillium expansum in postharvest fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.7604292.bard.

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The original objectives of the study, as defined in the approved proposal, are: To characterize the relationship of CreA and LaeA in regulation of P T production To understand how PacC modulates P. expansumpathogenicity on apples To examine if other secondary metabolites are involved in virulence or P. expansumfitness To identify the signaling pathways leading to PAT synthesis Penicilliumexpansum, the causal agent of blue mould rot, is a critical health concern because of the production of the mycotoxinpatulin (PAT) in colonized apple fruit tissue. Although PAT is produced by many Penicilliumspecies, the factors activating its biosynthesis were not clear. This research focused on host and fungal mechanisms of activation of LaeA (the global regulator of secondary metabolism), PacC (the global pH modulator) and CreA (the global carbon catabolite regulator) on PAT synthesis with intention to establish P. expansumas the model system for understanding mycotoxin synthesis in fruits. The overall goal of this proposal is to identify critical host and pathogen factors that mechanistically modulate P. expansumgenes and pathways to control activation of PAT production and virulence in host. Several fungal factors have been correlated with disease development in apples, including the production of PAT, acidification of apple tissue by the fungus, sugar content and the global regulator of secondary metabolism and development, LaeA. An increase in sucrose molarity in the culture medium from 15 to 175 mM negatively regulated laeAexpression and PAT accumulation, but, conversely, increased creAexpression, leading to the hypothesis that CreA could be involved in P. expansumPAT biosynthesis and virulence, possibly through the negative regulation of LaeA. We found evidence for CreAtranscriptional regulation of laeA, but this was not correlated with PAT production either in vitro or in vivo, thus suggesting that CreA regulation of PAT is independent of LaeA. Our finding that sucrose, a key ingredient of apple fruit, regulates PAT synthesis, probably through suppression of laeAexpression, suggests a potential interaction between CreA and LaeA, which may offer control therapies for future study. We have also identified that in addition to PAT gene cluster, CreA regulates other secondary metabolite clusters, including citrinin, andrastin, roquefortine and communesins, during pathogenesis or during normal fungal growth. Following creation of P. expansumpacCknockout strain, we investigated the involvement of the global pH regulator PacC in fungal pathogenicity. We demonstrated that disruption of the pH signaling transcription factor PacC significantly decreased the virulence of P. expansumon deciduous fruits. This phenotype is associated with an impairment in fungal growth, decreased accumulation of gluconic acid and reduced synthesis of pectolytic enzymes. We showed that glucose oxidase- encoding gene, which is essential for gluconic acid production and acidification during fruit colonization, was significantly down regulated in the ΔPepacCmutant, suggesting that gox is PacC- responsive gene. We have provided evidence that deletion of goxgene in P. expansumled to a reduction in virulence toward apple fruits, further indicating that GOX is a virulence factor of P. expansum, and its expression is regulated by PacC. It is also clear from the present data that PacC in P. expansumis a key factor for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, such as PAT. On the basis of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and physiological experimentation, the P. expansumΔlaeA, ΔcreAand ΔpacCmutants were unable to successfully colonize apples for a multitude of potential mechanisms including, on the pathogen side, a decreased ability to produce proteolytic enzymes and to acidify the environment and impaired carbon/nitrogen metabolism and, on the host side, an increase in the oxidative defence pathways. Our study defines these global regulatory factors and their downstream signalling pathways as promising targets for the development of strategies to fight against this post-harvest pathogen.
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