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Journal articles on the topic 'Post-colonial condition'
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1
Sherzer, Dina. "French colonial and post-colonial hybridity: condition métisse." Journal of European Studies 28, no. 1 (March 1998): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004724419802800108.
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Sherzer, Dina. "French colonial and post-colonial hybridity: condition métisse." Journal of European Studies 28, no. 109-110 (March 1998): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004724419802810908.
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Muthmainnah, Kani, and Kemas Ridwan Kurniawan. "Traditionality and Modernity: Post-Colonial Architecture in Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 65 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186501003.
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The paradigm of traditionality in Indonesian modern architecture becomes a polemical discourse especially in relation to the development of Indonesian architecture identity in the post-colonial era. The awareness and spirit of exploring identities give birth to new experiments and ideas, assuming traditionality as the anti-thesis of Indonesian International-Style modernism initiated during the Old Order. The focus of this research is to explore different operation and practice of the paradigm in Indonesian architecture discourse much or less alluded with power and politics during the Old and New Order. The aim of this research is to redefine the meaning of traditionality in Indonesian Modern Architecture. This research uses qualitative approach by using a discursive method to analyse the representation of traditionality in Indonesian post-colonial architecture. The author expects to elaborate the manifesto of traditionality through a categorization that is based on the implementation of values, forms, processes, and changes toward the condition of the current development.
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De Chavez, Jeremy. "It’s More Fun in the Philippines: Positive Affects and the Post-Colonial Condition." Kemanusiaan the Asian Journal of Humanities 24, no. 2 (2017): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/kajh2017.24.2.6.
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Hudis, Peter. "Non-Linear Pathways to Social Transformation: Rosa Luxemburg and The Post-Colonial Condition." New Formations 94, no. 94 (March 1, 2018): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/newf:94.05.2018.
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Rosa Luxemburg's The Accumulation of Capital, which spurred intense discussion and debate from the moment of its publication in 1913, has taken on new resonance in light of the global expansion of capitalism, the destruction of indigenous cultures and habitats, and capital's reconfiguration of public and private space. No less important is a series of additional works by Luxemburg that address these themes, but which have received far less attention. These include her notes and lectures on pre-capitalist society that were composed as part of her work as a teacher at the German Social Democratic Party's school in Berlin from 1907-14 and her Introduction to Political Economy, which first led her to confront the problem delineated in The Accumulation of Capital. These writings shed new light on the contributions as well as the limitations of her understanding of the internal and external limits to capital accumulation, especially insofar as the ability of non-capitalist formations and practices to survive the domination of capital is concerned. Luxemburg's understanding of the impact of capitalism in undermining noncapitalist strata has crucial ramifications for working out a viable alternative to capitalism today.
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Green, Stephanie. "The condition of recognition: Gothic intimations in Andrew McGahan's The White Earth." Queensland Review 23, no. 1 (May 31, 2016): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2016.9.
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AbstractThis article discusses the evocation of the Gothic as a narrative interrogation of the intersections between place, identity and power in Andrew McGahan's The White Earth (2004). The novel deploys common techniques of Gothic literary fiction to create a sense of disassociation from the grip of a European colonial sensibility. It achieves this in various ways, including by representing its central architectural figure of colonial dominance, Kuran House, as an emblem of aristocratic pastoral decline, then by invoking intimations of an ancient supernatural presence which intercedes in the linear descent of colonial possession and, ultimately, by providing a rational explanation for the novel's events. The White Earth further demonstrates the inherently adaptive qualities of Gothic narrative technique as a means of confronting the limits to white belonging in post-colonial Australia by referencing a key historical moment, the 1992 Mabo judgment, which rejected the concept of terra nullius and recognised native title under Australian common law. At once discursive and performative, the sustained way in which the work employs the tropic power of Gothic anxiety serves to reveal the uncertain terms in which its characters negotiate what it means to be Australian, more than 200 years after colonial invasion.
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Arasteh, Parisa, and Hossein Pirnajmuddin. "The Mimic (Wo)man ‘Writes Back’: Anita Desai’s In Custody." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 27 (May 2014): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.27.57.
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This article aims to trace the articulation of resistance in terms of gender and the postcolonial condition in Anita Desai’s In Custody (1984). As one of the most prominent post-Independence Indian writers of her time, Anita Desai has been a strong voice in portraying the Indian domestic sphere. Accordingly, one of the main concerns of Desai’s novels has been the representation of women and their struggles against patriarchal and colonial oppression. Though promising in many aspects, the political Independence of 1947 failed to unburden women from the ideal visions of womanhood promoted both by traditional community and colonialists in India. The present study focuses on the portrayal of women and female instances of resistance and the spaces through which they manage to survive in a male-dominated Post-Independence Indian society. Since the 1980s, Homi K. Bhabha has opened up a wide variety of critical issues fundamental to the understanding of colonial and post-colonial condition. His theorization of the idea of ‘mimicry’ is used in order to explore the socio-cultural interrelations Desai’s novel seeks to reveal.
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Cipolla, Craig N. "Earth flows and lively stone. What differences does ‘vibrant’ matter make?" Archaeological Dialogues 25, no. 1 (May 11, 2018): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203818000077.
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AbstractThis essay differentiates between various branches of post-human scholarship as they relate to issues of colonial inequality, social action and politics. Through their critique of human exceptionalism, through their recognition of the vibrancy of matter, and in theirpotentialconnections with politically engaged scholarship, certain lines of post-humanist thought stand to make important contributions to archaeologies of long-term and colonial Indigenous history. I argue that these qualities offer nuanced perspectives on the plural colonial past and present of New England (north-eastern North America). I explore the prospects for a selectively post-human and pragmatic archaeology in connection with recent debates over stone landscapes. This approach makes room for various stakeholder narratives, finding possible common ground in a shared human condition between stakeholders, i.e. subject to ‘earth flows and lively stone’.
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Seraphin, Hugues. "The past, present and future of Haiti as a post-colonial, post-conflict and post-disaster destination." Journal of Tourism Futures 4, no. 3 (September 7, 2018): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-03-2018-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the future of the tourism industry in Haiti. More specifically, the paper answers the following question: will Haiti be able to reclaim a positive image and leading position in the Caribbean as a tourist destination? Design/methodology/approach Within the paradigm of theory building and exploratory approach, this conceptual study is based on a narrative literature review. Findings The turning point in the development of the tourism industry in Haiti has been the 2010 earthquake which has triggered a will to provide quality products and service specifically in the hospitality sector, the most dynamic sector of the tourism industry. With the diaspora, Haiti has the potential to reclaim a positive image and a leading position in the Caribbean. That said, before performing at this level, the destination must first and foremost contribute to the wellbeing of its people as a sine qua non condition for the success of its tourism industry. Practical implications The findings of this research may help potential investors to decide whether or not they want to invest in Haiti. The findings of the paper may also assist the DMO in its branding and marketing strategy. Originality/value The alleviation of poverty using tourism as a tool in a post-colonial, post-conflict and post-disaster context should be analysed, understood and approached from a human aspect point of view and perspective. Resilience is what better describes the tourism industry and the locals in Haiti. The locals are neither passive nor powerless.
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Nouvet, Claire. "Gayatri Spivak : une éthique de la résistance aphone." Études littéraires 31, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/501247ar.
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Figure des plus importantes dans le champ des études littéraires et culturelles aux États-Unis, Gayatri Spivak propose dans sa lecture provocante du mythe ovidien de Narcisse et d'Écho une nouvelle éthique, une nouvelle manière de penser la notion même de responsabilité. Sa lecture privilégie la figure d'Écho qu'elle interprète comme une figure allégorique complexe qui allégorise la condition du sujet post-colonial ainsi que la condition et la responsabilité du critique post-colonial. L'article se concentre sur la lecture que fait Spivak des réponses d'Écho et plus précisément sur la " différance " que Spivak remarque dans ces réponses et qu'elle propose comme une nouvelle forme de résistance éthique qui met en question les notions de responsabilité et de " différance ". Il essaie également de montrer que la réponse critique de Spivak elle-même peut être réinterprétée dans la perspective de cette " différance " résistante.
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Walsh, Catherine. "Symposium: "Staging Encounters": The Educational Decline of U.S. Puerto Ricans in [Post]-Colonial Perspective." Harvard Educational Review 68, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): 218–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.68.2.6v122352421538k1.
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In this article, Catherine Walsh presents and analyzes the colonial "push-and-pull" of education in a White-run, northeastern school system where Puerto Rican students are the numerical majority. Using school department data, court reports, interviews, and field notes collected over the last five years, Walsh provides a case study of the condition and experience of Puerto Rican students in these schools, making central the present-day manifestations of colonialism in the workings of schools and highlighting the opposition that emerges in response. This opposition includes racially/ethnically positioned tensions that shape administrative policy- and decisionmaking. Walsh suggests that students, parents, and others working for the improvement of conditions for Puerto Ricans must come to better understand the push-and-pull of colonial relations in the schools, make connections between the need and strategies for educational change and for change in other social institutional contexts, and establish alliances across groups, contexts, and other boundaries.
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Putri, Liza, and Katherine Clayton. "The Identity Issue of the Colonized and the Colonizer in Cloud Nine by Caryl Churchill." International Journal of Culture and Art Studies 4, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijcas.v4i1.3620.
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One of the significant points in post-colonial literature is identity issues. The analysis of these identity issues should be focused not only on the colonized character but also the colonialist. It is obvious why post-colonial scholars are concerned with the colonized as they are the victims of colonialism. However, the colonizer must also face complex issues of identity when arriving in the colonial place. The purpose of this article is to examine the identity issues undergone by Joshua, the colonial subject, and by Clive, the colonizer, with reference to Cloud Nine by Caryl Churchill in the colonial period. The concept of hybridity by Homi Bhabha can explain the issue of Joshua’s identity since he has “double” portrays of the identity as legacy of colonialism. Bhabha created the terms the “third space” or the “in-between” to describe the condition of the colonized people. Clive as the colonizer used to be a person without particular authority in his own country before arriving to the colonial land. Suddenly, his identity has shifted into someone who has privileges and authority. The colonizer’s identity is not complete without the colonized. The colonized and the colonizer depend on each other. The colonized and the colonizer’s identities will be fragmented if one of them is missing.
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Kostenko, Ganna. "IMPERIAL SRATEGIES AND DISCIURCES OF DOMINATION IN UKRAINIAN CULTURE." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 23 (2018): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2018.23.21.
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The imperial strategies and discourses of domination in modern Ukrainian culture, their manifestations in the Ukrainian literature on the basis of post-colonial and cultural-anthropological methodologies are analyzed. Integration and consolidation of Ukrainian national culture is an important state-building and globalization process. The very state of postcoloniality of contemporary Ukrainian culture demands new integrated philosophical studies of Ukrainian studies, including the emancipatory, decolonial socio-therapeutic goal. The questions of imperial strategies of domination, postcolonial discourse and globalization were covered in his writings by G. Grabovich, T. Gundorov, N. Zborovsk, M. Pavlyshyn, O. Titar, E. Thomson, O. Yurchuk. It is argued that the proliferation of an anti-colonial narrative is a definite step in overcoming the colonial heritage, but much more effective in overcoming colonialism is through democratization and the simultaneous spread of different types of discourses - postcolonial, decolonial, postimperial, anti-colonial, multicultural. Modern Ukrainian culture demonstrates both anti-colonial and post-colonial discourses. Socio-political and socio-cultural events of the last time especially actualize anti-colonial discourses, which is due to awareness of Ukraine as a former colony. At the same time, post-colonial discourses also demonstrate not only global but also national Ukrainian specifics. We see that colonialism in Ukraine, and, accordingly, the imperial resentment of the former metropolis with respect to Ukrainian lands, is not only a historical phenomenon, but a condition that determines and generates new conflicts up to an armed confrontation. In general, the texts of Ukrainian contemporary literature in view of the state of postcolonialism are classified into two types: 1) the type that focuses on the deconstruction of the imperial (postmodern post-colonialism), 2) the type that restores the Ukrainian national mythology (nationally oriented post-colonialism). The traces of the imperial are analyzed in the useful sense of the national-centered construction, and in the negative, when under the postmodern mask the cultural field of the Empire-Colony relations is restored. It is concluded that national Ukrainian culture will develop effectively only if the main imperial strategies are deconstructed and the main imperial myths are debunked.
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Owen, Catherine, John Heathershaw, and Igor Savin. "How postcolonial is post-Western IR? Mimicry and mētis in the international politics of Russia and Central Asia." Review of International Studies 44, no. 2 (October 25, 2017): 279–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210517000523.
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AbstractScholars of International Relations have called for the creation of a post-Western IR that reflects the global and local contexts of the declining power and legitimacy of the West. Recognising this discourse as indicative of the postcolonial condition, we deploy Homi Bhabha’s concept of mimicry and James C. Scott’s notion of mētis to assess whether international political dynamics of a hybrid kind are emerging. Based on interviews with Central Asian political, economic, and cultural elites, we explore the emergence of a new global politics of a post-Western type. We find that Russia substantively mimics the West as a post-Western power and that there are some suggestive examples of the role of mētis in its foreign policy. Among Central Asian states, the picture is more equivocal. Formal mimicry and mētis of a basic kind are observable, but these nascent forms suggest that the dialectical struggle between colonial clientelism and anti-colonial nationalism remains in its early stages. In this context, a post-Western international politics is emerging with a postcolonial aspect but without the emergence of the substantive mimicry and hybrid spaces characteristic of established postcolonial relations.
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Hönke, Jana, and Markus-Michael Müller. "Governing (in)security in a postcolonial world: Transnational entanglements and the worldliness of ‘local’ practice." Security Dialogue 43, no. 5 (October 2012): 383–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010612458337.
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While analysis of transnationalized forms of security governance in the contemporary postcolonial world features prominently in current debates within the field of security studies, most efforts to analyse and understand the relevant processes proceed from an unquestioned ‘Western’ perspective, thereby failing to consider the methodological and theoretical implications of governing (in)security under postcolonial conditions. This article seeks to address that lacuna by highlighting the entangled histories of (in)security governance in the (post)colonial world and by providing fresh theoretical and methodological perspective for a security studies research agenda sensitive to the implications of the postcolonial condition.
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Oliveira, Ana Balona de. "Decolonization in, of and through the archival “moving images” of artistic practice." Comunicação e Sociedade 29 (June 27, 2016): 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.29(2016).2413.
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This essay investigates the ways in which contemporary artistic practices have been working towards an epistemic and ethico-political decolonization of the present by means of critical examinations of several sorts of colonial archives, whether public or private, familial or anonymous. Through the lens of specific artworks by the artists Ângela Ferreira, Kiluanji Kia Henda, Délio Jasse, Daniel Barroca and Raquel Schefer, this essay examines the extent to which the aesthetics of these video, photographic and sculptural practices puts forth a politics and ethics of history and memory relevant to thinking critically about the colonial amnesias and imperial nostalgias which still pervade a post-colonial condition marked by neo-colonial patterns of globalization and by uneasy relationships with diasporic and migrant communities. Attention will be paid to the histories and memories of the Portuguese dictatorship and colonial empire, the liberation wars / the “colonial” war fought in Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau between 1961 and 1974, the Carnation Revolution in Portugal in 1974, the independence of Portugal’s former colonies between 1973 and 1975, and the mass “return” of Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique in 1975, without losing sight of apartheid South Africa and the ways in which the Cold War played out on the African continent.
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Poroma, C., U. J. David, and Onome Robinson Jackson. "Oil Economy and Female Prostitution in Port Harcourt." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 42 (October 2014): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.42.121.
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The research directs attention to the relationship between oil economy and increase in female prostitution. Specifically, we x-ray the historical and dialectical origin of prostitution from the colonial to the post colonial era. We contend that, prostitution is a condition imposed on females from low income background by poverty and that oil exploration and exploitation activities which are a manifest consequence of the expanded reproduction of capital (ERC) accentuate the rate of prostitution particularly in Port Harcourt. It is against this backdrop that, we attempt to demystify the social processes and the dynamic relations that produce prostitution with a view to recommending theoretical and practical measures of curbing prostitution as a social problem.
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Pestel, Friedemann. "The Impossible Ancien Régime colonial: Postcolonial Haiti and the Perils of the French Restoration." Journal of Modern European History 15, no. 2 (May 2017): 261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1611-8944-2017-2-261.
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The Impossible Ancien Régime colonial: Postcolonial Haiti and the Perils of the French Restoration This article discusses the consequences of Napoleon's downfall for the world's first modern post-slavery state, Haiti. It focuses on the interplay between the French colonial office's diplomatic missions that were lobbied by dispossessed planters to recover the lost colony and the Haitian propaganda to guarantee national independence. These relations ultimately contributed to a shift in French colonial politics towards Haiti, from military conquest and re-enslavement to financial indemnification. Taking the rhetoric of pacification beyond Europe, French diplomacy presented racial hierarchies as an extension of the 1814 compromise between old and new elites in metropolitan France. The Haitian side, however, insisted on the sharp contradiction between the supposed reconciliation in France and a quasi-restoration of the Ancien Régime colonial. Drawing on Haitian, French and British source material, this article analyses how Haitian propaganda attacked the precarious political legitimacy of Restoration France from an extra-European viewpoint to exert pressure on European colonial politics. Relying on Haiti as a model for slave emancipation, British abolitionists significantly contributed to excluding the option of the Ancien Régime colonial. The debate on Haiti's future forced Louis XVIII's government to ponder the political risks of colonial restoration. In the outcome, financial indemnification became France's primary condition for recognising Haitian independence in 1825.
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Butler, Larry J. "Industrialisation in Late Colonial Africa: A British Perspective." Itinerario 23, no. 3-4 (November 1999): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s016511530002461x.
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Among the most entrenched criticisms of the record of European colonial rule in Africa is that it discouraged, or actively obstructed, the emergence of diversified colonial and post-colonial economies. Specifically, it is normally argued, the colonial state failed to create the climate in which industrialisation might have been possible. The two basic explanations advanced for this policy of neglect were a desire to ensure that the colonies continued to provide the metropolitan economies with a steady supply of desirable commodities, and a concern to protect the market share of metropolitan exporters. Critics of the colonial legacy, across the ideological spectrum, have often assumed that ‘development’ was a condition which could only be achieved through the process of industrialisation, and that specialisation in commodity production for export could not have been in the colonies' long-term interests. Moreover, in the late colonial period, industrialisation had come to be seen by many as a measure of a state's effective autonomy and economic ‘maturity’, as witnessed by the sustained attempts by many former African colonies to promote their own industrial sectors, often with substantial state involvement or assistance. While it cannot dispute the obvious fact that in most of late colonial Africa, industrialisation was negligible, this paper will offer a refinement of conventional assumptions about the colonial state's attitudes towards this controversial topic. Drawing on examples from British Africa, particularly that pioneer of decolonisation, West Africa, and focusing on the unusually fertile period in colonial policy formation from the late 1930s until the early 1950s, it will suggest that the British colonial state attempted, for the first time, to evolve a coherent and progressive policy on encouraging colonial industrial development.
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Rigo, Enrica. "Citizenship at Europe's Borders: Some Reflections on the Post-colonial Condition of Europe in the Context of EU Enlargement." Citizenship Studies 9, no. 1 (February 2005): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1362102042000325379.
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Mattos Vazualdo, Diego. "La necesidad de comprometer la existencia. Nación y descolonización en el cine boliviano de la época neoliberal." Bolivian Studies Journal/Revista de Estudios Bolivianos 15 (January 15, 2011): 311–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2010.14.
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The aim of this essay is twofold: to analyze post-dictatorial Bolivian filmic discourse on the thematic of the nation vis-à-vis processes of decolonization, and to observe the effect that this relation had in the formation of subjectivities during the so called “neoliberal” era . Toward this end, I examine three films that reflect on the colonial condition of the nation through cinematographic language: Mi socio (Paolo Agazzi, 1982), La nación clandestina (Jorge Sanjinés, 1989), and American Visa (Juan Carlos Valdivia, 2005). El objetivo principal del presente ensayo es analizar la reflexión que se da en el discurso fílmico boliviano post-dictatorial sobre la temática de la nación en relación a procesos de descolonización; al mismo tiempo, observar el efecto que dicha relación tuvo en el proceso de formación de subjetividades durante la nueva época denominada “neoliberal”. Para ello, acudo a la lectura de tres películas que de distintas maneras reflexionan la condición colonial de la nación a través del lenguaje cinematográfico: Mi socio (Paolo Agazzi, 1982), La nación clandestina (Jorge Sanjinés, 1989), y American Visa (Juan Carlos Valdivia, 2005).
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Lal, Priya. "SELF-RELIANCE AND THE STATE: THE MULTIPLE MEANINGS OF DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY POST-COLONIAL TANZANIA." Africa 82, no. 2 (May 2012): 212–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972012000022.
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ABSTRACTThis article uses a key principle of the Tanzanian ujamaa project – self-reliance – as an analytical lever to open up the historical landscape of development politics in that national context during the 1960s and early 1970s. Throughout this period Tanzanians understood and experienced self-reliance in a variety of ways: as a mandated developmental strategy or a collective developmental aspiration, a condition of dignity or privation, a hallmark of national citizenship or a reflection of local survivalism, a matter of luxury or necessity. I trace these multiple meanings through three distinct but overlapping fields of inquiry: first, by cataloguing the plural ideological registers indexed by self-reliance within official development discourse vis-à-vis domestic and international politics; second, by illuminating a diverse range of rural elders' accounts of ujamaa villagization and self-reliance policy in the south-eastern region of Mtwara; and third, by examining the ambivalent position of self-reliance within public debates about regional development in relation to the national scale. In doing so, I expose the dialectical friction between competing constructions of citizenship and development at the heart of ujamaa, and suggest new avenues forward for conceptualizing the afterlives of ‘self-reliance’ and the changing meaning of development in contemporary Tanzania and beyond.
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Christopher, K. W. "Colonialism, missionaries, and Dalits in Kalyan Rao’s Untouchable Spring." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 53, no. 1 (June 24, 2017): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989417708828.
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Dalit conversion to Christianity has a long history, predating Dr Ambedkar’s call for conversion in 1935. The contexts of conversion are many; however, the strong urge among Dalits to escape the oppressive, dehumanizing socio-spiritual condition remains the chief motive. The colonial administration, and even before that, the missionaries, were the first to make interventions in the lives of the Dalits, providing access to education, employment, healthcare, and mobility. Consequently many Dalits converted to Christianity en masse. However, post conversion, they became “doubly marginalized” (Omvedt, 2009) both in terms of caste and religion. Several attacks on Dalit Christians in colonial as well as post-independence India illustrate these two bases of victimization. A few writers, such as Bama, Imayam, and Raj Gouthaman, have attempted to explore the lived experience of Dalit Christians with a focus on caste within the Catholic Church. Kalyan Rao’s Telugu novel Antarani vasantham ( Untouchable Spring) is the first novel that seriously engages with the complex of Dalit conversions and in an epic fashion explores the lived experience and struggle of Telugu Dalits and Dalit Christians in history from the colonial times to the present. The primary focus of this article is to explore Kalyan Rao’s representation of Dalit experience using the optics of mission history and liberation and Dalit theologies, which I argue, enable us to contextualize the novel’s representation of Dalit habitus.
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Crotty, William. "Notes on the Study of Political Parties in the Third World." American Review of Politics 14 (January 1, 1994): 659–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1993.14.0.659-694.
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The research on political parties in developing nations is difficult to aggregate and to place in a comparative context. The reasons are many. The body of work is at best modest in size as well as uneven in focus, theoretical conception and empirical execution. Often comparative or more generalizable indicators and conclusions must be extracted from studies intended to clarify social developments over broad periods of time or, alternatively, within carefully set historical boundaries (the colonial; the transition from the colonial period to independence; post-independence developments; political conditions under specific national leaders, as examples). The efforts are broad stroke, primarily descriptive and usually interwoven with historical accounts and explanations of the social, economic and cultural factors that condition the life of a country. The range appears to run from megatheories-or, more accurately, broadly generalized interpretative sets of categorizations and conclusions applied to a region or a collection of countries (the research itself is seldom theoretically focused), supported by interpretative essays and expert, professionalized observation and background knowledge-to case studies of differing degrees of elaborateness. There is little in between.
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ROQUE, RICARDO. "The blood that remains: card collections from the colonial anthropological missions." BJHS Themes 4 (2019): 29–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjt.2019.1.
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AbstractIn this paper I discuss the history of colonial collections through a focus on the social life of a set of blood group cards held by Portuguese institutions since the 1950s. Between the 1940s and 1960s, a series of anthropological field expeditions were organized by the Portuguese Overseas Science Research Board to the then Portuguese colonies in Africa and Asia. A large number of samples of indigenous blood were collected on blood group paper cards in the course of these campaigns. The cards were then stored in Portugal and used for racial serological studies until the 1980s. Thereafter, the collection survived various institutional deaths. Throughout its post-colonial existence in Portuguese institutions, the cards seem to have moved ambivalently between a condition of valued asset and one of obsolete material. And yet they revealed a resilient capacity to mediate conceptions of historical time. Thus the essay asks what it might mean to approach these collections as colonial ‘chronotope’ – devices for connecting space and time – and how and why they endured through various ends, culminating as a genetically contaminated museum object.
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Patria, Teguh Amor. "Diffusion of Urban Heritage Tourism in Post-Colonial Bandung (A Case Study of Heritage Building Authorities)." Advanced Science Letters 21, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2015.5889.
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This paper is based on a research into diffusion of urban heritage tourism as an innovation among heritage building authorities in post-colonial Bandung, Indonesia. Sixteen respondents were taken as samples, all of whom were authorities of protected heritage buildings located along a heritage trail frequented by residents and visitors. The research used qualitative methods and the data was obtained through questionnaires and in-depth interviews in early 2012. It applied Diffusion of Innovations concept on the actual condition and managed to identify the following findings: at Knowledge stage, it was activities undertaken by the respondents during their childhood that became the foundation of their awareness of the innovation; at Persuasion stage, it was non-economic, intangible aspect that dominated the benefits perceived from the innovation; and at Decision stage, the respondents agreed to adopt the innovation. The diffusion process had taken a period of 18 to 48 years to reach Decision stage. The respondents’ characteristics matched the Innovator and Early Adopter type. Summary of findings introduces some additional benefits of heritage tourism.
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Shah, Baharuddin, and Chingiz Khan. "The State of Affairs of Pangal Women: A Feminist Perspective." Feminist Research 3, no. 1-2 (September 9, 2020): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj2.190101022.
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The Pangal community is one of the indigenous communities in Manipur state which lies at the north eastern corner of India. The representation of Pangal women and their condition in terms of polity, society and economy through the lens of feminist perspective in Manipur is minimal and extended to the village/local level only. The paper tries to answer in an integrated way some of the pertinent questions in respect of Pangal women. In this context, an attempt has been made to explore the historical background of the origin of Pangal in Manipur. This paper has also attempted to critically examine the economic, political and social conditions of Pangal women in the light of feminist point of view from the medieval to the post-colonial periods.
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DHARWADKER, APARNA. "Diaspora and the Theatre of the Nation." Theatre Research International 28, no. 3 (October 2003): 303–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883303001159.
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Among the cultural forms of the Indian diaspora in the West, the radical obscurity of drama and theatre in comparison with fiction, non-fiction, and poetry suggests a complicated relation between genre, location, language, and experience. As a collaborative public medium theatre depends on material resources, institutional networks, and specific cultural contexts which place it at several removes from the privacy and relative self-sufficiency of print genres. Moreover, while novelists often employ diaspora as the enabling condition but not the subject of narrative, immigrant playwrights can create original theatre only when they distance themselves from their cultures of origin and embrace the experience of residence in the host culture, with all its attendant problems of acculturation and identity. In Canada, where the Indian immigrant communities are older, often visibly underprivileged, and entangled in post/colonial histories, an emergent culture of original playwriting and performance has offered a critique of the home-nation as well as of conditions in the diaspora. In the United States, in contrast, where large-scale immigration from India is relatively recent, socially privileged, and unencumbered by colonial baggage, original drama is virtually absent, and various forms of ‘travelling’ theatre dominate the culture of performance, reinforcing a powerful synonymy between ‘diaspora’ and ‘nation’. These two North American locations are paradigmatic examples, therefore, of the historically grounded interconnections between diaspora, nation, and theatre in the modern Indian context.
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Stecconi, Ubaldo. "Translation among Manila's Book Publishers." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 11, no. 1 (November 5, 1999): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.11.1.05ste.
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Abstract A survey conducted among Manila's publishers reveals an interesting translation scene. The bulk of translations available in Philippine bookstores is imported ready-made from the U.S. and Britain, and it seems that, with these, local publishers import an Anglo-Saxon indifference towards translation from foreign languages. Local projects are very few and nearly all of them are translations into Filipino from Philippine originals written in Spanish, English and other vernacular languages. Fortunately, some projects point the way towards a use of translation as a catalyst that can pull together the country's diverse genealogies and may help develop Filipino as a national language. Finally, difficulties in siting these domestic translations reveal an intriguing aspect of Manila's post-colonial condition.
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Marung, Steffi. "Out of Empire into Socialist Modernity." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8916939.
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AbstractIn this article the Soviet-African Modern is presented through an intellectual history of exchanges in a triangular geography, outspreading from Moscow to Paris to Port of Spain and Accra. In this geography, postcolonial conditions in Eastern Europe and Africa became interconnected. This shared postcolonial space extended from the Soviet South to Africa. The glue for the transregional imagination was an engagement with the topos of backwardness. For many of the participants in the debate, the Soviet past was the African present. Focusing on the 1960s and 1970s, three connected perspectives on the relationship between Soviet and African paths to modernity are presented: First, Soviet and Russian scholars interpreting the domestic (post)colonial condition; second, African academics revisiting the Soviet Union as a model for development; and finally, transatlantic intellectuals connecting postcolonial narratives with socialist ones. Drawing on Russian archives, the article furthermore demonstrates that Soviet repositories hold complementary records for African histories.
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Grabovska, Iryna. "THE PROJECT OF THE FUTURE UKRAINE AS A CONSULIDATING FACTOR OF THE COMMUNITY IN THE POST-COLONIAL EPOCH." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 23 (2018): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2018.23.6.
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The real Ukrainian situation connected with creation of projects of the future of the country during all previous years of the newest Ukrainian independence has been analyzed. It is indicated on the process of developing projects of the common future of Ukraine as one of the consolidating community of factors. The emphasis is on the specificity of the formation of joint future projects in the post-colonial (transition) period. This is a characteristic of the four main, according to the author, the projects of the Ukrainian future, which had a public response during the post-Soviet period of Ukraine's development. Among them: 1. Ukraine becomes a full member of the European Union, overcoming the final defects of the postcolonial period of its own existence and becoming a civilized European modern, democratic, independent social state. 2. Ukraine becomes part of the new Kremlin Empire and part of the "Russian world". 3. Ukraine focuses only on its own strength, becomes independent of the East and West and is not part of any more global alliances. 4. Ukraine goes to Europe together with democratic Russia. The article notes the utopia of the project of building a democratic Russia. It is concluded that the desirable short-term future for Ukraine should be its actual entry into the European Union as a full member of this community; joining NATO and victory in the war with the Russian aggressor as a condition for a guaranteed future; the cultural and intellectual prosperity of a country with an effective economy, democratic principles of politics and mass creativity of its citizens-actors of creating a dream-like future and ways to build a European state and nation. Over the projects of the future of Ukraine, we need to work constantly and seriously on all the intellectual forces of the country, in order not to again make all the people victims of others and their own unsuccessful experiments and criminal utopias.
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Mann, Gregory. "Dust to Dust: a User's Guide to Local Archives in Mali." History in Africa 26 (January 1999): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172151.
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In recent years political changes in Mali have opened up new research opportunities for historians and other social scientists interested in the country's colonial and post-colonial past. With the new government has come a change in administrative attitudes regarding access to local archives, in other words those held at the level of the cercle. Although these archives can be in terrible condition, they contain precious information unique to each cercle. In the course of my own research I have been able to gain access to two such archives in southern Mali, in the summer of 1996 and again in 1998. Using these two archives as an example and drawing on the anecdotal evidence of colleagues, the following comments offer a rough appraisal of the nature of cercle archives in Mali. The paper covers the type of documentation available, the condition of the collections, and my own experiences in using them. Although my experience is limited to southern Mali, local administrations across francophone West Africa are likely to have similar holdings, given the essential uniformity of French administrative structures in colonial West Africa.In addition to providing otherwise scarce documentary evidence on local events, these archives contain a good deal of correspondence which passed from one commandant de cercle to another, bypassing the central administration in the colony's capital. The information contained in this correspondence is therefore difficult to find in national archives, and I suspect that most of it is absent altogether. The volume of such correspondence is surprising. For example, regarding a religious movement based in one of these towns in the late 1940s, I found fifty-odd letters and telegrams addressed to the local administrator by his colleagues, asking him for information and keeping him abreast of local manifestations of the movement in their own regions. None of these messages had been routed through the central administration, and the commandant had sent his superiors no more than a digest of events in which much detail was suppressed.
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Hrabovskyj, Serhiy. "ANTY-COLONIAL DISCOURCE OF UKRAINIAN THINKERS OF THE LATE 19th AND THE FIRST THIRD OF 20th CENTURY." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 22 (2017): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2017.22.18.
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The problems of colonialism and post-colonialism are very important for the modern world. Postcolonial studios are one of the key components of intellectual discourse. However, most of them have a serious flaw, namely the reduction of the topic to the collapse of colonial expansion and colonial exploitation to racial and geographical factors. These studios are about as colonizers view Europeans, and as oppressed peoples of the colonies view residents of other parts of the world. These researchers also do not pay attention to the fact that the Russian Empire had a colony at one time, not in America or Africa, but most of its colonies were in Asia. In addition, the Russian Empire had colonies in Europe: Finland, part of Poland, most of Ukraine, and so on. In turn, the German empire held in colonial condition the part of Poland that belonged to it. In Europe, therewere other colonies of other states. Therefore, at the end of the 19th and in the first third of the 20th century, the concept of "colony of the European type" appeared in socio-political thought. Ukrainian thinkers of this age (namely, Julian Bachinsky, Ivan Franko, Lesja Ukrainka Sergey Mazlakh and Vasyl Shahray, Mikhaylo Volobuev and others) by using certain methodologies investigated various aspects of the existence of such colonies, primarily of the case of Ukraine. Bachinsky puts the focus on purely economic factors that determine the colonial status of Ukraine, Franco – on national-political, Lesja Ukrainka – on existential, Mazlakh and Shahray – emphasized the aggregate of national, political and economic. At the same time, none of them took as the basis of the ethnolinguistic factor, like some Ukrainian researchers of colonialism do now. The article focuses on the ideas of Mikhaylo Volobuyev, which combine economic, political, socio-cultural and existential factors. Volobuyev, in addition, thoroughly criticized the substantial limitations of the racial-geographical approach to the problem of colonialism. Many of his ideas are relevant to modern challenges, others need rethinking in the context of the mutual struggle between different projects of globalization. Thus, in Ukraine at the end of the 19th century and in the first third of the 20th century there was a powerful intellectual direction of anti-colonial socio-political thought that did not reduce the problem of colonialism either to the racial factor, or to the geographical, or to the ethno-linguistic one. The author believes that such an integrated, multi-factor approach to the problems of colonialism and vision of overcoming the colonial heritage is the most urgent one. Therefore, it is expedient and necessary to appeal to the heritage of Ukrainian thinkers who turned to anti-colonial discourse.
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Zaheer, Mohsin, and Quratul Ain. "Complexity of Home in the Memoir 'Threading my Prayer Rug' by Sabeeha Rehman." Global Language Review V, no. III (September 30, 2020): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(v-iii).22.
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The narrative 'Threading my Prayer Rug' highlights the condition of the character named Biya in her journey to becoming an American Muslim from a Pakistani Muslim. This research has presented the complexity of home for the Pakistani diaspora by using the diasporic paradigm of the post-colonial perspective. It has aimed to identify the concept of plurality of home and the problems of unhomeliness. By utilizing Uehara (2007) model of narrative analysis, this research claims that the diaspora's attempt of making their multiple homes have shattered altogether after the incident of 9/11 and diaspora have faced the problem of unhomeliness. The narrative rejects the fixity of the concept of home as the characters in the narrative have attempted to create a blended identity by considering both Pakistan and America as their homes. This unhomeliness makes the diaspora reunite with their first home for their recognition and reconciliation; henceforth, the home of the Pakistani diaspora in Pakistan only.
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Lee, Toby. "The Radical Unreal." Film Quarterly 74, no. 4 (2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2021.74.4.9.
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Much of the critical response to the post-truth condition has been to idealize the real and to call for the defense of reality against the corrosive effects of the unreal. To counter this tendency, Toby Lee offers up two recent nonfiction films that deploy what she calls the “unreality effect” as a vital strategy of political resistance. INAATE/SE/ (2016, Adam Khalil and Zack Khalil) spars with settler colonial history through a contemporary re-imagining of an ancient Ojibway prophecy, while Layer (2015, Ruth Jenrbekova and Maria Vilkovisky) tells a tale of human oviparity as an allegory for transgender life. Looking at how each film not only presents an alternative reality, but actually pushes back on the notion of reality itself, Lee argues that these works demonstrate the radical potential of the unreal—as experiential category, as representational strategy, and as a politics—and the necessity of reclaiming it as a strategy, both historically and today.
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GOULBOURNE, HARRY. "The Post-Colonial Condition: contemporary politics in Africa edited by D. PAL AHLUWALIA and PAUL NURSEY-BRAY New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 1997. Pp. 247. US$49." Journal of Modern African Studies 37, no. 3 (September 1999): 507–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x99223075.
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Reynolds-Hogland, Melissa J., Alan B. Ramsey, August T. Seward, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Cory Engkjer, and Philip W. Ramsey. "Response of a remnant marmot population to habitat enhancement yields insights into marmot ecology." Journal of Mammalogy 101, no. 3 (March 28, 2020): 658–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa021.
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Abstract We evaluated the response of a remnant population of yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) to targeted habitat enhancement in an ecological system that had been degraded during ~100 years of intensive livestock management, including marmot eradication. We used capture-recapture data and a novel use of a multistate framework to evaluate geographic expansion of the marmot population pre- and post-habitat enhancement. We also estimated age-structured survival, reproduction, and sex ratios. The marmot population appeared to respond positively to new habitat opportunities created by habitat enhancement: the number of marmots captured increased from three marmots pre-habitat enhancement to 54 (28 adults and yearlings, 26 young) post-habitat enhancement at the end of the study. Marmots expanded geographically by transitioning into habitat-enhanced areas, and adult females occupied and reproduced in all habitat-enhanced areas. The sex ratio of the young population in 2019 was strongly female-biased, which may have been influenced by poor body condition of breeding females owing to unusually prolonged snow cover that year. Adult and yearling survival were within the range of that reported for colonial adults and yearlings in Colorado. Our results suggest that active habitat enhancement can assist in the recovery of marmot populations in systems where marmots historically existed.
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Ousmanova, Almira. "The Debats on Post-Socialism and the Politics of Knowledge in the Space of the Plural “Post’s”." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 19, no. 3 (2020): 44–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2020-3-44-69.
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In this article I focus on how the politics of knowledge, have being shaped in a world without socialism, can be also considered as a space of multiple “post’s”. Social researchers from the post-socialist region strive to return their countries onto the map and to identify their place in history, while applying different conceptual approaches based on different ideological premises. Meanwhile, all of these theoretical frameworks are not neutral in their relation to hegemonic discourses. Here I address the methodological nationalism, gender studies, and de-colonial discourse as the examples of “engaged knowledge”, while considering them as the most influential interpretative models among those that have become established in the post-socialist space after 1991, on the ruins of orthodox Marxism. What interests me most of all is the epistemological and political effects that they produce when they are applied to the analysis of the post-“post-socialist condition”. I argue that, depending on the interpretative optics, we might get quite different answers to such questions as whether the time has come to say “Goodbye, post-socialism!”, or to which extent the “Global East” can be considered as a useful category of analysis in the given circumstances. What I understand here by the ‘space of multiple “post’s”, is, firstly, a territory that, after the collapse of socialism, was inscribed into a new spatial constellation, but still continues to search for its place on the geopolitical map of the world and remains very sensitive to the politics of naming; secondly, I invoke it as a space of epistemological heteroglossia, that is, the one in which various ways of conceptualizing both the recent past and the actual present continue to compete with each other.
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Ram, Haggai. "TO BANISH THE “LEVANTINE DUNGHILL” FROM WITHIN: TOWARD A CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING OF ISRAELI ANTI-IRAN PHOBIAS." International Journal of Middle East Studies 40, no. 2 (May 2008): 268a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743808080860.
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This article inquires into Israel's understandings of its conflict with Iran by relocating analysis from the realm of political–strategic issues, with which previous scholarship on Israel and Iran has been preoccupied, to the realm of culture. The article draws on works that read metropolitan and colonial cultures together, or contrapuntally. By studying one history (Iranian) as at once the condition and the effect of the other history (Israeli), I show that Israelis fashioned and comprehended the post 1979 Iranian polity on the basis of what they believed to be the (dis)ordering of their society at home. In this way, Israeli perceptions of Iranians as alien and threatening have turned into a defensive protection of the home front. Anti-Iran phobias in the Israeli public sphere reveal not only justified strategic concerns, but also fears of “Oriental” (Mizrahi) and ultrareligious, Iran-like “demons” operating within the Israeli polity. The Israeli sense of danger emanating from Iran is related to the very process of demarcating and safeguarding the Jewish state's Western character
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Sherwani, Kawa, and Saman Dizayi. "RESISTING DOMINANT CULTURE IN THE LONELY LONDONERS: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS." vol 5 issue 15 5, no. 15 (December 29, 2019): 1275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18769/ijasos.592090.
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This paper investigates the resistance of immigrants to cultural dominance of London society in The Lonely Londoners, a postcolonial novel by Sam Selvon. The Lonely Londoners (1956) depicts the miserable life of Caribbean people who migrated in hope to find better condition of living than their countries. The paper furnishes a theoretic ground for analyzing the discourse of the novel which presents the subject of resisting dominant culture throughout events and language used by the novelist. The paradigm of immigrants, their trauma and shock have always been the spot line of discussion after WWII. Through the colonial history there was a dominant discourse of Western cultural superiority imposed on colonized, with the postcolonial era a different discourse emerged through intellectual presentations such as Fanon, Said, Bhabha ideas and others who enlightened literary theory and criticism and theorized resistance and cultural identity. Thus, this paper will critically analyze the discourse of resistance of Postcolonial people in exile to ascertain their existence and identity. Keywords: Post colonialism, Discourse analysis, Resistance, Identity
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Kadir, Hatib Abdul. "Hierarchical Reciprocities and Tensions between Migrants and Native Moluccas in the Post Reformation." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 3, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v3i2.8396.
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The research subject of this paper focuses on the Butonese, who are considered “outside” the local culture, despite having lived in the Moluccas islands of Indonesia for more than a hundred years. The Butonese compose the largest group of migrants to the Moluccas. This article research does not put ethnicity into a fixed, classified group of a population; rather, the research explores ethnicity as a living category in which individuals within ethnic groups also have opportunities for social mobility and who struggle for citizenship. The Butonese has a long history of being considered “subaltern citizens” or have frequently been an excluded community in post-colonial societies. They lack rights to land ownership and bureaucratic access. This article argues that Indonesian democracy has bred opposition between indigenous and migrant groups because, after the Reformation Era, migrants, as a minority, began to participate in popular politics to express themselves and make up their rights as “citizens”. Under the condition of democratic political participation, the Butonese found a way to mobilize their collective identity in order to claim the benefits of various governmental programs. Thus, this paper is about the contentiousness of how the rural Butonese migrants gained advantageous social and political status in the aftermath of the sectarian conflict between 1999 to 2003. Migrant’s ability to express their grievance in a constructive way through the politics of their representatives and state government policies have led to the new contentious issues between indigenous and migrant populations.
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Čepaitienė, Rasa. "PRAEITIES SUPREKINIMAS URBANISTINĖSE ERDVĖSE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 35, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tpa.2011.17.
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The article deals with several problematical units concerned with commercialization of the past in the postindustrial, postmodern consumer societies. Primarily, the process of the commercialization of urban centres – especially old historical cities and their images – is analysed in the context of contemporary global culture economics; also, questions regarding forms and shapes this process assumes are raised. Secondly, the consideration regarding the meaning of this process is given, in other words, what is it telling about the condition of our society and attitudes towards the past? Undoubtedly, an adequate assessment of the knowledge of socio-economic tendencies, which have to cope with cities influenced by neoliberalism, is very important and relevant to post-colonial and post-communist countries, which, like Lithuania, are still seeking for their identity in the face of economical and cultural globalization challenges. Santrauka Straipsnyje siekiama panagrinėti keletą su praeities suprekinimu susijusių probleminių blokų postindustrinėse, postmoderniose vartotojiškose visuomenėse. Pirma, analizuojama, kaip šiuolaikinės globaliosios kultūros ekonomikos kontekste vyksta urbanistinių centrų ir ypač senųjų istorinių miestų bei jų įvaizdžių komercializacijos procesas, kokias formas bei pavidalus jis įgauna. Ir, antra, svarstoma, ką tai galėtų reikšti, kitaip tariant, ką tai sako apie pačią mūsų visuomenės būklę ir požiūrį į praeitį. Neabejojama, kad adekvatus socioekonominių tendencijų, su kuriomis susiduria neoliberalizmo veikiami miestai, pažinimas yra itin aktualus pokolonijinių ir pokomunistinių šalių visuomenėms, kurios, kaip kad Lietuva, vis dar ieško savojo tapatumo susidurdamos su ekonominės ir kultūrinės globalizacijos iššūkiais.
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Thaliath, Maria Rajan. "Grotesque Realism in O.V Vijayan’s The Saga of Dharmapuri." Tattva - Journal of Philosophy 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12726/tjp.17.3.
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The Saga of Dharmapuri by O.V. Vijayan is a dystopian fantasy set in the imaginary country of Dharmapuri, which could be a depiction of India or any other newly independent country in the post-colonial era. Mikhail Bakhtin in his treatise Rabelais and his World (1965) justifies the use of Grotesque Realism, a literary trope that allows the author to move away from the conventions of propriety and decency to convey messages that are real and powerful nevertheless. Usually exaggeration and hyperbole are key elements of this style. Through the centuries, literature has often been a medium through which contemporary concerns have been transmitted. This paper argues that O.V. Vijayan uses Grotesque Realism in his novel to depict the political, social and economic condition of India of the 1970s- specifically a country that was under emergency. Like all dystopian fables, The Saga of Dharmapuri has been prophetic in anticipating some of the social issues that we face even today. The paper aims at examining how Vijayan uses explicit language and scatological and sexual imagery so as to achieve this sense of realism within his novel.
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Prosser, Diann J., Jessica L. Nagel, Shay Howlin, Paul R. Marbán, Daniel D. Day, and R. Michael Erwin. "Effects of Local Shoreline and Subestuary Watershed Condition on Waterbird Community Integrity: Influences of Geospatial Scale and Season in the Chesapeake Bay." Estuaries and Coasts 41, S1 (July 26, 2017): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0288-0.
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Abstract In many coastal regions throughout the world, there is increasing pressure to harden shorelines to protect human infrastructures against sea level rise, storm surge, and erosion. This study examines waterbird community integrity in relation to shoreline hardening and land use characteristics at three geospatial scales: (1) the shoreline scale characterized by seven shoreline types: bulkhead, riprap, developed, natural marsh, Phragmites-dominated marsh, sandy beach, and forest; (2) the local subestuary landscape scale including land up to 500 m inland of the shoreline; and (3) the watershed scale >500 m from the shoreline. From 2010 to 2014, we conducted waterbird surveys along the shoreline and open water within 21 subestuaries throughout the Chesapeake Bay during two seasons to encompass post-breeding shorebirds and colonial waterbirds in late summer and migrating and wintering waterfowl in late fall. We employed an Index of Waterbird Community Integrity (IWCI) derived from mean abundance of individual waterbird species and scores of six key species attributes describing each species’ sensitivity to human disturbance, and then used this index to characterize communities in each subestuary and season. IWCI scores ranged from 14.3 to 19.7. Multivariate regression model selection showed that the local shoreline scale had the strongest influence on IWCI scores. At this scale, percent coverage of bulkhead and Phragmites along shorelines were the strongest predictors of IWCI, both with negative relationships. Recursive partitioning revealed that when subestuary shoreline coverage exceeded thresholds of approximately 5% Phragmites or 8% bulkhead, IWCI scores decreased. Our results indicate that development at the shoreline scale has an important effect on waterbird community integrity, and that shoreline hardening and invasive Phragmites each have a negative effect on waterbirds using subestuarine systems.
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Nchia, Yimbu Emmanuel. "“New People, New Style, Old Dance”: An Analysis of the Dominant Ideologies in Bate Besong’s Plays." Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajhal.v4i2.321.
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Borrowed from Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautiful Ones are Not Yet Born, the notion of ‘New People, New Style, Old Dance” is a perfect description of the kind and type of leadership that characterizes post independent Africa as exemplified in the plays of Bate Besong. This paper x-rays the parasitic nature of leadership politics in Besong’s plays and argues amongst other issues that the dreams of independence were all deferred with the accession to power by the neo-colonialist. It further stresses that the political transition of power from the colonial to the neo-colonial regime was a mere changed of political actors and tactics but the doctrine of oppression, exploitation, corruption and embezzlement amongst many other social vices still remained unchanged. Like their predecessors, these leaders perceived power as an opportunity for personal gains and not for the benefit of all and sundry.
From a Marxist critical paradigm, the analysis in this paper validates the Marxist dictum that power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely (Emerich, 1887.1902). Besong’s plays in terms of ideology can rightly be considered as a dramatization of the excesses of autocratic leadership, conceived, spear headed and master minded by a group of beastlike (or Zombie) creatures with absolutely no concern for the suffering masses. Also, that his plays capture and dramatize the grimness and futility of the human condition in postcolonial Cameroon in particular and Africa at large. Furthermore, the analyses reveal that Africa’s leadership is responsible for the inability of the continent to emancipate itself from poverty, epidemics and persistent diseases. As a result, a continent rich in natural and human resources is continuously characterize by coup d’états, civil wars and social unrests because the wealth of the nation is at the mercy of a few elites while the rest of the citizenry suffer in abject poverty. Besong therefore as a ‘writer in postcolonial politics’ frowns at autocratic leadership and his plays suggest that Cameroon in particular and African as a whole need a new set of leaders with a decolonized mindset as conditions sine qua non for their emancipation from physical and mental oppression, corruption and exploitation.
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Punyashloka, Rahee. "Remembering (to forget) English: The crises of world literature in Jotirao Phule’s slavery." Thesis Eleven 162, no. 1 (February 2021): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513621990844.
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Discursive history of the English language has been vital to analysing ‘the postcolonial condition’ in the Indian subcontinent, with a broadly overarching emphasis on how English is a ‘usurper language’. Simultaneous to this, however, there exists a hitherto understudied history featuring subaltern, ‘organic intellectuals’ from the lower castes. Not only does this ‘subaltern history of English’ exhibit a more positive affect toward the English language – by invoking its emancipatory potential in an economy of deeply casteist vernacular languages – but it also complicates multiple assertions that the postcolonial apparatus has so far held as a priori. Jotirao Phule’s Slavery/Gulamgiri (1873) is one of the foremost examples of such a position; its preface, which lucidly announces this seemingly unique position, is quite possibly the first explicitly political treatise written in the English language in the history of the subcontinent. This paper highlights the enormous shifts that take place in our understanding of the history of English – and (post)colonial modernity – if we were to (aptly) classify Phule’s preface as a key text in the history of ‘Indian writing in English’. Subsequently, it is argued that Phule’s work crystallizes into a radically alternate – and far more egalitarian – conception of ‘world literature’ contra Tagore’s well-known idea of visva sahitya.
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Byron, Kipchumba, and Jepkorir Rose Chepyator-Thomson. "Sports policy in Kenya: deconstruction of colonial and post-colonial conditions." International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 7, no. 2 (March 26, 2015): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2015.1023823.
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Mesfin Mulugeta Woldegiogis. "The Social Market Economy Model in Africa: A Policy Lesson in the Pursuit of an Inclusive Development." PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD) 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2020): 100–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.46404/panjogov.v1i2.2335.
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A contextually rethought coexistence of capitalism and socialism, particularly, the ‘Third-Way’ politico-economic framework is a contemporary dominion in the pursuit of prosperous and inclusive development. Regarding the third-way position, however, there is a dearth of theoretical framework in African studies. Hence, this article aimed at exploring the theoretical significance of ordoliberalism and its social market economy model that is often praised as the secret(s) in the wake of the ‘Wirtschaftswunder’, meaning the ‘economic miracle’, of Germany. In so doing, the article has sought the common conceptual ground between the notions of the social market economy and inclusive development through the extensive review of theoretical evidence available in the secondary sources of data. The review of literature has revealed that unlike the German experience, the policy choice among the African countries, in the post-colonial era, was never consistent with ordoliberalism or social market economy. However, the post-2000 economic trajectory of Africa has shown the coexistence of the welfare state and coordinated market thereby creating a convenient condition to implement the lessons learned from the development path of Germany. Besides, the prevalent socio-economic problems in most of the Sub-Saharan African countries including demographic bulge, abject poverty, high levels of income inequality, extractive/rent-seeking institutions of governance, brain-drain, and aid/loan dependency syndrome are the major factors that underline the urgency for policy reforms geared towards an Afro-centric social market economy. Yet, the levels of economic development, historical, cultural, and geopolitical differences need to be taken into account to effectively implement the policy instruments of the social market economy in Africa.
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Dasgupta, S., and L. Fournier. "(REHABILITATING HERITAGE PLACES) STRUCTURAL REPAIRS AND CONSERVATION WORKS FOR ASTOR KOLKATA, INDIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 18, 2017): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-141-2017.
Full textAbstract:
Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European philosophies with Indian tradition. The city has been known by many names "Cultural Capital of India", "The City of Processions", "The City of Palaces", and the "City of Joy". Problems related to rapid urbanisation started to plaque Kolkata from the 1930s and the city remains an example of the urbanization challenges of the developing nations. The exercise included Archival research, Field surveys, Condition Mapping, structural evaluation and preparation of restoration & conservation solutions along with post conservation management plan. The Major challenges encountered were identifying the correct consolidation techniques using modern technology and incorporation of modern services. The Documentation and Mapping was used as a significant tool to guide towards the structural consolidation, conservation and Management strategy of the complex.
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Ingketria, Enny. "An Identity to Retain: Self-Expressive Chinese Indonesians under the Rule of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i8.3473.
Full textAbstract:
From the Dutch colonial era until the end of Suharto administration, Chinese Indonesians have perpetually been the victims of racial prejudice and negative stereotyping addressed by pribumi. However, the most difficult situations and unpleasant experiences occurred under Suharto's New Order, where the forced assimilation policy was implemented and Chinese Indonesians at that time were drawn to Chinese films and series to search for their Chinese-ness, while escaping reality. The previous researches did not provide comprehensive studies on the identity formation of Chinese Indonesians in Post-Suharto era, especially after the reformation era, under different presidents. Therefore, the subjective reality of third and fourth generations of Chinese Indonesians who spent their adolescence and/or adulthood over the course of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY)’s tenure has been explored in this study. From the constructive nature of reality to the situational constraints that shape inquiry, the Chinese Indonesians were indeed more emotionally expressive, supported by a more stable political and economic condition, exposure to the new media, and enhanced bilateral partnership between China and Indonesia. The use of new media in disseminating the Chinese cultural values through the media product, as well as the Chinese cultural practice publicly held by mostly Chinese communities in Indonesia became the influential factors in connecting those younger generations of Chinese Indonesia to their heritage. Ethnic pride and cultural long-distance nationalism can be eventually observed.