Academic literature on the topic 'Post-apartheid urban development'
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Journal articles on the topic "Post-apartheid urban development"
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Visser, Gustav. "Social Justice, Integrated Development Planning and Post-apartheid Urban Reconstruction." Urban Studies 38, no. 10 (September 2001): 1673–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420980120084813.
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Rogerson, Christian M. "Consolidating Local Economic Development in Post-Apartheid South Africa." Urban Forum 19, no. 3 (May 22, 2008): 307–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-008-9035-8.
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Low, Murray, Richard Ballard, and Brij Maharaj. "Dilemmas of Representation in Post-apartheid Durban." Urban Forum 18, no. 4 (November 30, 2007): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-007-9019-0.
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Nel, Etienne, Trevor Hill, and Brij Maharaj. "Durban’s pursuit of economic development in the post-apartheid era." Urban Forum 14, no. 2-3 (April 2003): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-003-0012-y.
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Oldfield, S. "Local state restructuring and urban transformation in post-apartheid Cape Town." GeoJournal 57, no. 1/2 (2002): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1026068802114.
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Comrie, Henri. "A reflection on ten years of post-apartheid urban design praxis." URBAN DESIGN International 8, no. 3 (September 2003): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.udi.9000104.
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Hermanson, Judith. "Equalising Housing Opportunities in Post-Apartheid South Africa." Open House International 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2005-b0014.
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Faced with a dearth of affordable housing opportunities, even after the end of Apartheid, residents from Motherwell, South Africa, turned to CHF International for help. CHF provided residents with the technical assistance, organisational support and bridging finance they needed to build their own high-quality homes, through a method that allowed the use of relatively unskilled labour. After helping residents form the Sakhezethu NgoManyano Housing Association and establishing the Assisted Self-Help Model, community members built a total of 395 safe and affordable houses to which they have full title. This model has been transferred throughout South Africa, with thousands of houses built using the concepts for the development of housing and community that it established.
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Marais, Lochner, and Skip Krige. "Post-apartheid housing policy and initiatives in South Africa." Urban Forum 10, no. 2 (June 1999): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03036615.
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Rogerson, C. M. "Local economic development and urban poverty alleviation: the experience of post-apartheid South Africa." Habitat International 23, no. 4 (December 1999): 511–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-3975(99)00019-3.
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Bakker, Jan David, Christopher Parsons, and Ferdinand Rauch. "Migration and Urbanization in Post-Apartheid South Africa." World Bank Economic Review 34, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 509–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhy030.
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Abstract Although Africa has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades, little is known about the process of urbanization across the continent. This paper exploits a natural experiment, the abolition of South African pass laws, to explore how exogenous population shocks affect the spatial distribution of economic activity. Under apartheid, black South Africans were severely restricted in their choice of location, and many were forced to live in homelands. Following the abolition of apartheid they were free to migrate. Given a migration cost in distance, a town nearer to the homelands will receive a larger inflow of people than a more distant town following the removal of mobility restrictions. Drawing upon this exogenous variation, this study examines the effect of migration on urbanization in South Africa. While it is found that on average there is no endogenous adjustment of population location to a positive population shock, there is heterogeneity in the results. Cities that start off larger do grow endogenously in the wake of a migration shock, while rural areas that start off small do not respond in the same way. This heterogeneity indicates that population shocks lead to an increase in urban relative to rural populations. Overall, the evidence suggests that exogenous migration shocks can foster urbanization in the medium run.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post-apartheid urban development"
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Packery, Rajendra. "Urban community development: an understanding of social change and identity in a social housing estate in post-apartheid South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/241.
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This study focuses on the lives of people living in a social housing estate which was a joint venture between the Housing Association of South Africa (HASA), a Netherlands based foundation and the Buffalo City Municipality. This type of social housing estate is a relatively new concept in post-apartheid South Africa and a first for the City of East London. Apartheid spawned the separation of different groups of people into racial enclaves. It also created barriers between races, advantaged certain races over others and created fear, hatred and general distrust among different racial groups in South Africa. The dislocation of apartheid was accompanied by rapid urbanization and ‘reconstruction’ of infrastructure and inter-racial relationships. The opening up of the country’s borders in compliance with Globalisation made South Africa a melting pot to people of different cultures. South African cities became fragmented and fear and strangeness was everywhere. Housing or the lack of it has been a constant problem that the new post apartheid government has grappled with. The solution of building RDP housing estates has not solved this burgeoning problem. But even more importantly it has failed to reorganize urban life in South Africa. In approaching this study I look at how these new social housing estates have reorganized urban life. I explore the concepts of community, home, generation, gender, material culture and ‘new’ urbanization to provide a framework for my study. This study is a qualitative study based in the city of East London in the Eastern Cape. It is a community study which attempts to go inside the home to unlock some of the intricacies of urban life. Ethnography is the research key used to unlock these intricacies.In conclusion, this study attempts to examine a non-western narrative of community life. Are these housing estates a solution to South Africa’s housing problem? Do they conform only to western narratives of urban life? What kind of citizens do these housing estates produce? These are some of the questions that this study hopes to answer.
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Zimbalist, Zack. "Urban bias revisited : urban and rural development in post-apartheid South Africa." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8646.
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Several studies have documented the positive impact of post-apartheid development programmes on economic livelihoods in South Africa. This study explores the impact of post-apartheid policies with a focus on differences across geographical types (geo-types). In this study, I first analyse the design and implementation of key post-apartheid government policies through the lens of urban bias and synergist development theory. Next, I use national-level household survey data from the 1997 October Household Survey (OHS), the 2002 General Household Survey (GHS), and the first (2008) wave of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) to describe key trends and differences in demographic and socio-economic characteristics across geo-types. In doing so, the data reveal large differences between rural and urban areas. Although a few socio-economic disparities have narrowed somewhat since 1997, most differences remain substantial in 2008.
The research also finds that the „rural‟ and „urban‟ binary categories provide an incomplete portrait of socio-economic realities in South Africa. More specifically, the four-geo type data identified in the NIDS 2008 uncover significant differences within rural and urban areas which make households located in tribal authority and urban informal areas more vulnerable to poverty.Using poverty and regression analysis, the study concludes that geo-type of residence and other correlates of socio-economic well-being have a significant impact on differential poverty risk across geo-types. Importantly, even after controlling for a range of observable characteristics, geo-type of residence still has a significant effect on the probability that an individual resides in a poor household. Given these findings, the study advocates further research into factors influencing poverty risk in particular geo-types and more careful attention to differences across geo-types in both research and policy-making.Thesis (M.Dev.Studies)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.
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Baro, Gilles Jean Bernard. "The language of post-apartheid urban development: the semiotic landscape of Marshalltown in Johannesburg." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24555.
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A dissertation submitted to the School of Language, Literature and Media, Faculty of Humanities for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, March 2017Although the burgeoning fields of linguistic and semiotic landscapes (LL and SL) studies provide extensive coverage of urban settings around the globe, it lacks a focus on urban development and the associated phenomenons such as gentrification, with the notable exception of Lou (2016). This dissertation looks at the neighbourhood of Marshalltown, located in the inner city of Johannesburg. Marshalltown is known as the mining district because of its proximity to the original goldmines that sparked the growth of the city. The neighbourhood’s SL has radically shifted from a place of urban decay to a trendy neighbourhood since the late 1990s, after urban development efforts financed by the private sector made the area stand out from the rest of the inner city. The developers working in Marshalltown have purposefully filled it with signs indexing the mining heritage its businesses which tend to cater to the middle-to-upper-classes, thus excluding poorer residents which make up most of the inner city’s population. Against this backdrop, the dissertation aims to answer the following three research questions: 1) How is Marshalltown constructed as a space of heritage, both in its materiality and in its representation in a corpus of media texts? 2) Considering that heritage entails a selection process from a more general historic field, which sections of history are curated in Marshalltown’s SL, which are silenced, and what are the implications for the narratives displayed in the context of post-apartheid South Africa? 3) How is Marshalltown’s urban environment experienced by social actors in a context of globalized trends in urban design which rely on heritage and authenticity to market formerly ignored city centres? The data for this study consists of a corpus of 25 media articles from various outlets, 255 photographs of Marshalltown and its vicinity, ethnographic field notes written between 2012 and 2016, as well as interviews with developers, heritage architect, a deputy director of immovable heritage at the City of Johannesburg, shop owners and people who work in the area. This dissertation aims to contribute to the young field of SL studies, while bringing forth Scollon and Scollon’s (2003) methodological toolkit of geosemiotic which allows for an analysis of signs in place and how people interact with them to draw a pertinent analysis of the construction of place. Geosemiotics is coupled with specific themes for each analytical chapter which brings forth a new way of analysing a SL. Those themes are 1) the language of urban development which drawing on Markus and Cameron (2002) helps analyse the representation of city neighbourhoods; 2) heritage, which brings a temporal perspective to SL studies that I call a chronoscape; 3) authenticity, which brings a visual analysis addition to the recent debate on the topic within sociolinguistics scholarship (Coupland 2003, Bucholtz 2003 and Eckert 2003) and its focus on the discursive construction of what counts as authentic. This study argues that Marshalltown’s post-apartheid SL is carefully designed by a majority of (white) developers wanting to give the area a heritage feel, borrowing from the mining history of the city; thus anchoring a European influenced heritage within their own interpretation of what an African city should look like. The heritage feel of Marshalltown is part of a broader plan to reclaim the city, which means changing the image it acquired previously during an era of urban decay as a dangerous no-go area, into an attractive tourism-friendly urban space. Those changes are achieved by inserting development efforts into the market for authentic urban lifestyle which Marshalltown can provide thanks to its preserved history. The neighbourhood stands out from the rest of the inner city by being privately controlled and maintained thus distancing itself from the popular discourse of inner city Johannesburg and instead developers redesign it as an ideal space for consumption.
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Osayimwese, Itohan Iriagbonse. "Global/local-[re]construction and [re]spatialization in the post-apartheid condition." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17457.
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This thesis explores the construction and [re]construction of society on global, national, local, and individual levels. Postapartheid South Africa is in the midst of a transformative nationalist culture project. The extremity of the South African situation facilitates analysis and representation of the problem of [re]construction. [Re]-construction is problematic because it reveals the underlying contradictions of the contemporary cultural condition. Space---both the space of the text and the space of human interaction---are crucial factors in the transformation of society. The analysis of South African [re]construction and [re]spatialization necessitates a new method, and a new thought process---one that re-conceptualizes and integrates discontinuous ideas and experiences. The result is a subversive and re-constitutive text that should be read by all those involved in the study and creation of the human environment.
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Duminy, James William Andrew. "Rapid urban development and fragmentation in a post-apartheid era : the case of Ballito, South Africa, 1994 to 2007." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2636.
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Since 1994 a rapid rate of large-scale development in the region of Ballito, KwaZulu Natal, has generated significant urban spatial changes. This dissertation aimed to identify and examine the factors that have generated and sustained these changes. Qualitative information, sourced from interviews conducted with various professionals and actors involved in Ballito's recent development procedures, was utilized to this extent. The study focused on localised institutional, socio-economic, historical, physical/environmental, policy- and agency-based explanations of Ballito's spatial metamorphosis. It was found that the town's resulting pattern of spatial growth reflects tendencies towards urban fragmentation that have been observed in many South African and international urban contexts. Whilst forces of globalisation have played a role in driving the urban changes of Ballito, many localised and region-specific trends have influenced the development process in unobvious manners. In particular, issues relating to local government incapacity have served to undermine state planning initiatives, which take as their focus the reversal of apartheid's socio-developmental discrepancies. Likewise, incongruencies within the South African developmental policy position have served to create uncertainty in the local urban management arena. As a corollary of these trends, the interests of private-sector and central government institutions have assumed the position of greatest power within Ballito's urban process, to the neglect of local governmental and communal concerns. It is concluded that the representative capacity of local government and disenfranchised communities must be improved as a means of promoting the delivery of complex political concerns such as 'integrated' and 'sustainable' development. It is also suggested that urban analytical models involving institutional explanations of urban change are more effective in providing recommendations for the reversal of socio-spatial inequalities than traditional, economic-based analytical models.Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2007.
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Ndlela, Anele Phindile. "Examining public participation in post-apartheid spatial development planning projects. A case study of the KwaMashu Urban Renewal Project." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11330.
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This study examines public participation in post-apartheid planning projects, using the KwaMashu Urban Renewal Project as a Case Study. A qualitative approach was adopted in the investigation. This study made the use of unstructured open ended interviews and observation to obtain primary data, which was thereafter analysed though the use of the thematic method. The study revealed that the process of Public Participation within the planning field has evolved substantially within the context of South Africa. There is adequate legislation and the necessary structures for public participation are present within the community. However, there is insufficient depth in legislation to ensure that public participation has an impact on final decision making. The extent of participation in the KwaMashu Renewal Project as a whole was minimal. This is mainly due to the nature of the participatory methods that were used which did not allow the community to fully engage with the planning processes within the different sub projects. It was evident that these [participatory methods] were mainly applied to fulfil the regulatory obligation for public participation in spatial development projects. The challenges of public participation that were noted within the case study include internal politics, land ownership and illegal occupation in state owned buildings. The study recommends early inclusion of the community in such projects and allowing for the community to be part of the creative process in projects. Secondly, this study also recommends that there needs to be a diffusion of power and diminishing limits of public participation within planning projects.Thesis (M.T.R.P.)--University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
Books on the topic "Post-apartheid urban development"
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Richard, Tomlinson. Urbanization in post-apartheid South Africa. London: Unwin Hyman, 1990.
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Urbanization in post-apartheid South Africa. London: Unwin Hyman, 1990.
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Richard, Tomlinson. Urbanization in post-apartheid South Africa. Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman, 1990.
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Raw life, new hope: Decency, housing and everyday life in a post-apartheid community. Claremont, South Africa: UCT Press, 2010.
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Oliver, Daniel Geoff. An assessment of urban change in post-apartheid South Africa: The case of Zandspruit and Diepsloot transition camps. 1996.
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Parnell, Susan, Edgar Pieterse, Mark Swilling, and Dominique Wooldridge. Democratising Local Government: The South African Experiment. UCT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/1-91971-352-6.
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Local government is at the forefront of development. In South Africa the ambitious policy objectives of post-apartheid reconstruction and development hinge on the successful creation of a democratic tier of government close to the people. An entirely new system of ‘developmental local government’ has thus been introduced. As is the case in many developing countries, the responsibilities of municipalities in South Africa have been extended dramatically, often without adequate resources. Managing municipalities for development therefore requires political will and strategic intervention. Democratising Local Government – the South African Experiment will assist officials, politicians and communities who wish to optimise their development ambitions within the new local governance framework. Lessons from the South African experience will be of use in many other countries, especially in Africa, where decentralisation is a major emphasis of development theory and practice. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to developmental local government. It includes: the design of the new local government system and the issues posed by decentralisation an overview of specific challenges of urban and rural municipalities a discussion of special issues facing local government including poverty, gender and environment new tools for local government, including budgeting, indicators, municipal partnerships and capacity building. The authors have extensive experience in policy formulation, municipal management and research on local government. They are activists, civil servants, NGO workers, consultants and academics. Their authoritative views are brought together in this important test to provide a solid foundation for working with and understanding local government in the developing world.
Book chapters on the topic "Post-apartheid urban development"
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Giombini, Valentina, and Jessica P. R. Thorn. "Urban Green Spaces in a Post-Apartheid City: Challenges and Opportunities for Nature-based Solutions." In Human-Nature Interactions, 207–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01980-7_17.
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Significance StatementCities in sub-Saharan countries are simultaneously facing climate change, rapid urbanisation, and social inequalities. Nature-based Solutions harness nature’s benefits to address these environmental, social, and economic challenges. In this study, we investigate how taking into account temporal dynamics and multiple values of nature helps to implement better Nature-based Solutions. Through satellite images and interviews with practitioners and residents, we look at how green spaces and dry riverbeds are distributed, managed, and perceived in the capital city of Namibia, south-western Africa. We find that apartheid spatial segregation legacies persist through the unequal distribution of urban green spaces, and that, although their current management limits their capacity to deliver benefits, riverbeds have the potential to support sustainable development and climate change adaptation.
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"Urban and rural development in the periphery." In Urbanization In Post-Apartheid South Africa, edited by Richard Tomlinson, 156–94. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351232074-6.
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Baro, Gilles. "The Semiotics of Heritage and Regeneration: Post-Apartheid Urban Development in Johannesburg." In Reterritorializing Linguistic Landscapes. Bloomsbury Academic, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350077997.0020.
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Mullins, Paul R. "The Optimism of Absence: An Archaeology of Displacement, Effacement, and Modernity." In Contemporary Archaeology and the City. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803607.003.0022.
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In the 1960s Edward J. Zebrowski turned the razing of Indianapolis, Indiana into a compelling show of forward-looking community optimism illuminating the power of displacement. When Zebrowski’s company toppled the Knights of Pythias Hall in 1967, for instance, he installed bleachers and hired an organist to play from the back of a truck as the twelve-storey Romanesque Revival structure was reduced to rubble. Two years later, the ‘Big Z’ hosted a party in the Claypool Hotel and ushered guests outside at midnight to watch as the floodlit building met its end at the wrecking ball (Figure 12.1). Zebrowski’s theatricality perhaps distinguished him from the scores of wrecking balls dismantling American cities, but his celebration of the city’s material transformation mirrored the sentiments of many urbanites in the wake of World War II. The post-war period was punctuated by a flurry of destruction and idealistic redevelopment in American cities like Indianapolis just as the international landscape was being rebuilt from the ruins of the war. In 1959 the New York Times’ Austin Wehrwein (1959: 61) assessed the University of Chicago’s massive displacement in Hyde Park and drew a prescient parallel to post-war Europe when he indicated that ‘wrecking crews have cleared large tracts, so that areas near the university resemble German cities just after World War II’. Indeed, much of Europe was distinguished less by ruins and redevelopment than demolition and emptied landscapes removing the traces of warfare that states wished to reclaim or efface; in the United States, urban renewal likewise took aim on impractical, unappealing, or otherwise unpleasant urban fabric and the people who called such places home (see also Ernsten, Chapter 10, for this process associated with the policies of apartheid in Cape Town). These global projects removed wartime debris and razed deteriorating prewar landscapes, extending interwar urban renewal projects that embraced the fantasy of a ‘blank slate’ as they built various unevenly executed imaginations of modernity. However, many optimistic development plans in Europe and the United States alike were abandoned or disintegrated into ruins themselves, simply leaving blank spaces on the landscape. Consequently, the legacy of urban renewal and post-war reconstruction is not simply modernist architecture; instead, post-war landscape transformation is signalled by distinctive absences dispersed amidst post-war architectural space and traces of earlier built environments.
Conference papers on the topic "Post-apartheid urban development"
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Whelan, Debbie. "Light Touch on the land – continued conversations about architectural change, informality and sustainability." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15043.
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Including ‘informally constructed’ buildings in the cornucopia of ‘vernacular’ has its opponents. They are not visually compelling, strongly represent the ‘other’, and their unpopularity derives from worldviews that prioritise ‘architecture’ as modernity rather than, perhaps, ‘buildings’ as humanity. However, it is argued that informal settlements are not only the kernel of new cities (using modern materials), but are inevitable and sanitized by health legislation, with slum ‘clearing’ having different potentials, to ‘slum building’. Considering informal settlements in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa in the early 1920s, and subsequent slum clearances due to post-War health legislation, tracking their continued negative, (and ambivalent connotations at the end of apartheid), and most extensive manifestations in current times, this paper considers informal settlements as recyclers of matter, distinct representations of cultural change (from the rural to the urban) and vectors of opportunity (driven by early health legislations). For the a global north which assumes culturally static societies, advocates for carbon-neutral construction, and renewable construction materials and recycling, there is possibly much we can learn from informal settlements, addressing complex and diverse world views, recycling, political organization and spatial planning. Also, viewed from the lofty perspective of the global north, such vernaculars are viewed derisively, are the focus of multiple, globally-crafted sustainable development goals, and are considered as ‘problems’ rather than, ‘solutions’. Thus, migratory trajectories, social and cultural change, and the continued use of existing and found materials is real for many millions of people globally. These constantly negotiated territories provide compelling ground for re-assessment, reflection and repositioning, interpretation of the vernacular.