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De, Vito Giulia <1997>. "DALLA RIAFFERMAZIONE IDENTITARIA ALL'IPERREALTA': LA PRATICA ARTISTICA DELLA GENERAZIONE CINESE POST-80." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21335.
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Il XXI secolo sembra essere cominciato con incertezza. La società contemporanea in Cina, come nella maggior parte del mondo, gode di relativa stabilità finanziaria e rapido progresso tecnologico, ma allo stesso tempo il panorama urbano e culturale diviene sempre più artificioso e privo di senso di continuità con il passato, mentre la post-verità trionfa sui fatti oggettivi. Fra i tanti attori che hanno prontamente letto e reagito all’ambiguità del presente c’è sicuramente il mondo dell’arte contemporanea cinese. In particolare, negli ultimi due decenni una nuova generazione di artisti è emersa con tenacia in centinaia di mostre in Cina e a livello internazionale presentando in maniera ironica e cinica la propria visione del mondo. Non mostrando alcuna particolare adesione a movimenti o gruppi artistici o intenzione di sovvertire i canoni esistenti, tutto lo sforzo di ricerca degli artisti post-80 sembra, piuttosto, incentrato sul testare la validità e l’autenticità della realtà che li circonda. Nello specifico, la presente tesi analizzerà le opere di nove artisti che mettendo al centro della propria pratica il corpo, la trasformazione di materiali o le innumerevoli possibilità offerte dalla rete Internet hanno analizzato con lucidità il presente. Chen Zhe, Ma Qiusha e Ren Hang sono partiti dal microcosmo della propria realtà quotidiana per fare rapporto sullo stato psicologico della nuova generazione e individuare nelle pressioni familiari e interne, più che nelle politiche governative, la causa della loro alienazione. Sun Xun, He Xiangyu e Zhao Zhao hanno, invece, “decostruito” la storia e le icone politico-culturali del passato per mettere in discussione i costrutti sociali ereditati nel presente. Infine, aaajiao, Lu Yang e Cao Fei, esplorano, attraverso il cyberspazio, l'evoluzione dell'identità dell'essere umano ormai inglobato dal mondo digitale e delineano il mondo odierno come una distopia composta prevalentemente di simulazioni virtuali e in cui il singolo individuo ha sempre meno controllo sui nuovi sistemi economici e sociali proposti dalle nuove tecnologie. In ultima analisi, si sottolinea che i capitoli tematici nei quali sono stati raggruppati gli artisti sono da intendersi come delle categorie fluide e aperte, in quanto quest’ultimi non vogliono essere associati ad alcun genere artistico e in più affermano di puntare ad un’universalità sia di intenti che di pubblico. Difatti, seppur partendo da esperienze personali o da specifici fatti storici relativi alla Cina, gli artisti post-80 affrontano nelle opere finali questioni rilevanti ai Paesi di tutto il mondo e invitano ad una presa di coscienza globale sugli effetti della corsa al progresso.
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Crook, Nolan Tracy. "Control of Post-Weld Fracture Toughness in Friction Stir Processed X-80 HSLA Steel." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9162.
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The present study investigates the fracture toughness of FSW X-80 HSLA steel welds. Weld cooling rate and peak temperature were varied among welds; indirectly manipulated through FSW travel speed, rpm, and weld preheat. Fracture toughness was tested according to ASTM 1820 standard along the weld centerline using surface-notched SEB specimen cooled to -40 °C. This study resulted in a reliable, repeatable process for generating friction stir welds with CTOD’s consistently above that of the original base metal. CTOD and microstructure of friction stir welds can be selected by controlling weld cooling rate and peak temperature. Material properties and microstructure similar to the original base metal can be recreated throughout the weld stir zone. CTOD of FSW X80 has a strong inverse linear correlation with post-weld cooling rate.
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Ortiz, Boix Carla. "Implementing machine translation and post-editing to the translation of wildlife documentaries through voice-over and off-screen dubbing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400020.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral explora la possibilitat d’incloure la traducció automàtica i la traducció automàtica seguida de postedició en el procés de traducció de documentals científics de fauna i flora mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off. Per a aconseguir-ho, es van portar a terme tres estudis:
El primer estudi investiga els reptes que hauríem de superar per a poder introduir la traducció automàtica en el procés de traducció de documentals. Ens basem en estudis anteriors sobre traducció mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off i sobre traducció de documentals (per exemple, Franco et al., 2010) per a determinar els esmentats reptes, així com en l’anàlisi d’un corpus de guions de documentals en anglès, un corpus de documentals en castellà i un corpus de segments de guions de documentals i 9 traduccions, 8 de les quals van ser fetes per diversos motors de traducció automàtica en línia i gratuïts, i l’altra va ser traduïda per un professional. A més, l’estudi introdueix possibles solucions als reptes, que fem servir a l’experiment que presentem en el segon estudi.
El segon estudi se centra en un experiment per a determinar l’esforç necessari per a posteditar documentals científics de fauna i flora en comparació amb l’esforç requerit per a traduir-los. Dotze estudiants de màster van participar en l’experiment, que es va basar en la noció d’esforç de Krings (2001), així com en altres estudis sobre esforç de postedició (per exemple, O’Brien, 2006). Les conclusions de l’experiment indiquen que post-editar requereix menys esforç que traduir.
El tercer estudi compara la qualitat de documentals post-editats i traduïts. Per a fer-ho, es van portar a terme dos experiments. En el primer, sis experts van avaluar la qualitat dels documentals que van fer els estudiants de màster durant l’experiment del segon estudi. Així, doncs, els experts van posar nota als documents, els van corregir mitjançant una classificació d’errors basada en MQM que inclou especificacions per a la traducció documentals, i van respondre qüestionaris d’acord amb la seva opinió sobre les traduccions corregides. Les conclusions de l’experiment indiquen que la qualitat de les post-edicions i de les traduccions són significativament semblants.
En el segon experiment, 56 possibles usuaris van avaluar la qualitat dels documentals post-editats i traduïts mitjançant un qüestionari de recepció. Igual com va indicar l’avaluació dels experts, els resultats mostra que no hi ha diferencies significatives entre la qualitat dels documentals traduïts i els posteditats.
Els estudis presentats en aquesta tesi doctoral, doncs, permeten aconseguir l’objectiu principal de la tesi: “investigar si es podria incloure, satisfactòriament, la traducció automàtica, en quant a esforç i qualitat, en el procés de traducció de documentals d’un subdomini específic (fauna i flora) mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off; i validar les dues hipòtesis principals de la tesi: “esperem que la inclusió de traducció automàtica en el procés de traducció de documentals de naturalesa mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off optimitzi el procés en quant a esforç” i “esperem que la inclusió de traducció automàtica en el procés de traducció de documentals científics de fauna i flora per veus superposades i doblatge en off no afecti significativament la qualitat del producte traduït”.Esta tesis doctoral explora la posibilidad de incluir traducción automática y traducción automática seguida de post-edición en el proceso de traducción de documentales científicos de fauna y flora mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off. Para conseguirlo, llevamos a cabo tres estudios: El primer estudio investiga los desafíos que necesitamos superar para poder incluir la traducción automática en el proceso de traducción de documentales. Nos basamos en estudios anteriores sobre traducción mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off y sobre traducción de documentales (por ejemplo, Franco et al., 2010) para determinar los desafíos que nos podemos encontrar. También nos basamos en el análisis de un corpus de guiones de documentales en inglés, un corpus de documentales en español y un corpus de segmentos de guiones de documentales y sus nueve traducciones, ocho de las cuales fueron producidas por motores de traducción automática gratuitos y en línea, y otra traducción hecha por un traductor humano. Además, el estudio introduce posibles soluciones para estos desafíos, que usamos en el experimento presentado en el segundo estudio. El segundo estudio se centra en un experimento que pretende determinar el esfuerzo requerido para post-editar documentales de naturaleza comparado con el esfuerzo necesario para traducirlos. Doce estudiantes de máster participaron en el experimento, que se basó en la noción de esfuerzo de Krings (2001), así como otros estudios relacionados con esfuerzo de post-edición (por ejemplo, O’Brien, 2006). Las conclusiones del experimento parecen indicar que post-editar requiere menos esfuerzo que traducir. El tercer estudio compara la calidad de documentales post-editados y traducidos. Para hacerlo, se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos. En el primero, seis expertos evaluaron la calidad de los documentales hechos por los estudiantes durante el experimento: los expertos pusieron nota a los documentos, los corrigieron usando una clasificación de errores basada en el MQM que incluye especificaciones para la traducción de documentales, y respondieron unos cuestionarios sobre su opinión de las traducciones. Las conclusiones del experimento indican que la calidad de las post-ediciones y las traducciones son significativamente similares. En el segundo experimento, 56 posibles usuarios evaluaron la calidad de documentales post-editados y de documentales traducidos mediante un cuestionario de recepción. Igual como indicó la evaluación de los expertos, los resultados muestran que no hay diferencias significativas entre la calidad de los documentales traducidos y los post-editados. Los estudios presentados en esta tesis doctoral, pues, nos permiten conseguir el objetivo principal de la tesis: “investigar si se podría incluir la traducción automática de manera satisfactoria, en cuanto a esfuerzo y calidad, en el proceso de traducción de documentales de un subdominio específico (fauna y flora) mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off”; y validar las dos hipótesis principales de la tesis: “la inclusión de traducción automática en el proceso de traducción de documentales científicos de fauna y flora mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off optimizará el proceso en cuanto a esfuerzo” y “la inclusión de traducción automática en el proceso de traducción de documentales científicos de fauna y flora mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off no afectará significativamente la calidad del producto traducido”.
This PhD explores the possibility of introducing MT and PE MT into the process of translating wildlife documentaries to be voiced-over and off-screen dubbed. In order to do so, 3 studies have been carried out: The first stud researches the challenges that would need to be overcome if MT is to be included in the process of translating wildlife documentaries through VO and OD. The challenges are based on previous studies on the translation via VO and OD, and the translation of documentaries (e.g. Franco et al., 2010), as well as an analysis of a corpus of wildlife documentary scripts in English, a corpus of wildlife documentary scripts in Spanish, and a corpus of segments of documentary scripts and 9 translations: 8 produced by free-online MT engines and 1 by a human translator. Furthermore, it presents possible solutions to such challenges, which are used in the experiment presented in the second study. The second study presents and experiment that intends to determine the effort required to post-edit wildlife documentary films, as compared to the effort needed to translate them from scratch. 12 MA students participated in the experiment, which was based in Krings (2001) notion of PE effort, and previous experiments on PE effort (e.g. O’Brien, 2006). The conclusions of the experiments seem to indicate that PE requires less effort than translating them from scratch. The third study compares the quality of post-edited and translated wildlife documentaries. In order to do so, two experiments were carried out. The first one presents the QA, made by 6 experts, of the documentary scripts translated by MA students during the second study. The experts assessed the quality by grading the documents, by correcting them using an MQM-based error classification that includes specifications of documentary translation, and finally, by answering questionnaires on their opinions. Conclusions indicate that the quality of post-edited and translated wildlife documentaries is significantly similar. In the second experiment of the third study, 56 end-users blindly assessed the quality of post-edited and translated wildlife documentaries by using user-reception questionnaires. As well as the QA by experts, the results show that there is no significant difference between the quality of post-edited and translated documentaries. All the studies presented in this dissertation help to accomplish its main objective: “research whether MT might be successfully included, effort and quality wise, into the process of translating documentaries of a certain subdomain (wildlife) through VO and OD”; and validate its main hypotheses, which stand that “the inclusion of MT into the process of translating wildlife documentaries through VO and OD will optimize the process in terms of effort” and that “the inclusion of MT into the process of translating wildlife documentaries through VO and OD will not have significant impact on the quality of the translated product”.
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BERETTA, SARA. "Vita, niente di più: video e soggettività nella Cina contemporanea." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/50901.
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Il lavoro intende indagare i legami tra produzione e consumo di video non ufficiali e i cambiamenti della società cinese contemporanea urbana, in particolare dalla prospettiva dei giovani nati dopo il 1980.
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Journot, Marie-Thérèse. "Le cinéma des années 80 : "Esthétique publicitaire " ou "post-modernisme" ? : Une esthétique de la communication en quête de légitimité." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030121.
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JOURNOT, BRUN M. THERESE. "Le cinema des annees 80 : esthetique publicitaire ou post-modernisme? une esthetique de la communication en quete de legitimite." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030036.
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La these etudie la notion d'esthetique publicitaire, apparue dans la critique en 1981 pour diva. Le film de beineix, pour denoncer une ornementation gratuire, une intrigue inexistante et un effet de mode. Nous nous sommes d'accord pose la question d'une specificite esthetique de la publicite, spots et clips confondus; or elle emprunte au cinema plus qu'elle ne l'influence et le rapprochement avec les films etudies tient surtout a la reactualisation d'un heritage pictural commun - nouvelle objectivite. Realisme magique, hyperrealisme -; des divergences notables apparaissent quant a l'utilisation du temps narratif et de l'imaginaire, proche du realisme poetique. Ces relations entretenues avec le passe, a contre-courant des avant-gardes, ont permis un deuxieme rapprochement, avec le post-modernisme, courant qui se caracterise par le melange des genres, la rhetorique, et le desir de communiquer avec un double code, cultive et populaire, les emprunts pouvant se lire a plusieurs niveaux. Ceci traduit une quete de legitimite qui va paradoxalement de pair avec une delegitimation des tenants du champ; cette "pretention", qui fonde en partie le rejet de la critique, nous a conduit enfin a tenter de cerner l'implicite et les contradictions du discours critique: il semble que les films soient rejetees esthetiquement comme oeuvres mineures, "moyennes", a cause de leur compromission avec le commercial, et, au nom de la morale parce qu'ils se contentent de refleter et de reproduire, sans les denoncer, les mutations de notre espace social. Ils apparaissent ainsi comme les boucs emissaires d'une societe qui s'accuse elle-meme d'etre publicitaireThis thesis analyses the concept of advertising aesthetics, propounded by critics in 1981 about beineix's film diva, thereby exposing the unnecessary frills, the absence of a plot and the enslavement to fashion. At first we wondered that publicity borrows more from film-making than it contributes to it. The comparison between movies and advertising appears to be an up dating of a common visual heritage, be it called new objectivity or hyperrealism. Important differences can be shown concerning the narrative timespan and the imaginary, close to poetical realism. From this relationhseip with the past, alien to present avant-gardism, we were entitled to develop another comparison with post-modernism, a trent which is remarkable for the blending of genres, for rhetorics and for the tendency to double-coding communication, both cultured and vulgar. This shows a quest for legitimacy which is no inconsistent with the de-justification of established patterns. This aspiration, which explains in part the reject reaction of the critics, has led us to try a closer approach of his contradictory and underlying thoughts. It would seem the movies were aesthetically refused as minor works of their subservience to commercialism, and in the name of ethics, because they content to reflect the change undergone by our social environment. Without any attemps to challenge it. Thus they were denounced as scape-goats of our social structure, which delights in blaming itself for being advertisement-addicted
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Cui, Shuning. "L'essor des médias sociaux en Chine vu à travers le prisme des transformations sociétales : analyse de la naissance et du développement du cyber-espace chinois entre 1998 et 2016." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL036.
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Dans un pays comme la Chine, où fonctionne un régime politique de front unique du Parti communiste, le système médiatique est caractérisé par la propagande, la concordance des points de vue et le secret. Au fur et à mesure du développement d’Internet et des réseaux sociaux, les citoyens chinois, en particulier les jeunes, se sont saisis de cet espace public numérique pour échanger des opinions en tâchant de contourner les médias de masse dominants officiels. La mobilisation en ligne des citoyens suscite un nouveau phénomène socio-politique en Chine. Notre recherche porte sur les usages du Web par la génération post-80 et les représentations qui sous-tendent ses expressions et actions en ligne. En analysant soixante-neuf entretiens semi-directifs réalisés avec des internautes répartis en quatre catégories, nous avons observé leurs réactions vis-à-vis d’affaires publiques controversées. Nous avons particulièrement interrogé ces jeunes cyber-citoyens sur les quatre réactions possibles à la censure d’Internet : l’indifférence, le silence, l’autocensure, et surtout la résistance. Aujourd’hui, le cyberespace n’est pas seulement une plate-forme de propagande pour restaurer et maintenir l’autorité du Parti communiste, mais aussi un espace où les citoyens s’accordent ou s’opposent dans des conversations interminables en ligne et hors ligne. Cela peut pousser certaines organisations officielles ou non-gouvernementales à résoudre des problèmes sociaux et/ou politiques. Dans ce contexte, nous cherchons à analyser le rôle socio-politique de l’espace public numérique et à vérifier s’il pourrait être une variante de la sphère publique habermassienne et exercer une influence sur la démocratie électronique dans la Chine contemporaineIn China, the political regime is the united front, which supports, reinforces the leadership of the Communist Party and makes a media system characterised by secret, propaganda and unanimity of viewpoints. With the development of the Internet, Chinese citizens, especially the younger demographic, take advantage of the online public escape to express themselves and exchange ideas, by bypassing dominant mass media. The online mobilisation of Chinese citizens raises a new and interesting socio-political phenomenon. Therefore, our research will examine the web habits of the post-80's generation and to explore the representations that underly their online behaviour. From the analysis of semi-structured interviews carried out with 69 cyber citizens, which are classified by four categories, we observed their reactions to controversial public affairs. The analysis aims to identify four possible reactions to online censorship: indifferent attitudes, silence, self-censorship, and the resistance. It is noticeable that today cyberspace is not just a propaganda platform aimed at restoring and maintaining the Communist party’s authority, but also a wide-open space where citizens agree or disagree in endless controversies online and below the line. This may push some official or non-governmental organisations to solve social and/or political problems. In this context, we seek to analyse the socio-political role of the digital public space and to verify if it could be a variant of the Habermasian public sphere and influence e-democracy in contemporary China
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Fabregat, Aguiló Laura. "Les tendències de la novel·la catalana del segle XXI." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669415.
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Aquest estudi extreu les tendències literàries que sobresurten en el panorama novel·lístic en llengua catalana del segle XXI a partir de l’anàlisi de set eixos definidors i característics d'aquesta narrativa: la relació temàtica amb la crisi identitària, la incertesa i la manca de sentit general; la plasmació de la quotidianitat i el context immediat per mitjà de personatges amb actituds i patologies molt properes als individus coetanis; la inclusió normalitzada del fantàstic en textos de temàtica i ambientació realistes a través del gènere del realisme màgic o el neofantàstic; l’auge del mètode de la fragmentació discursiva mitjançant diverses tècniques que trenquen amb la coherència, la lògica i la uniformitat; l’increment en l’ús de la pràctica metaliterària, és a dir, aquella narrativa que es refereix a ella mateixa; la tendència creixent a l'elaboració de narracions d’autoficció, en què l'autor s'introdueix de manera parcial dintre de la història, generalment a partir de la primera persona narrativa, i la forta instauració del formalisme literari, que es fa visible en obres que avantatgen la forma (el com) al contingut (el què).Este estudio extrae las tendencias literarias que sobresalen en el panorama novelístico en lengua catalana del siglo XXI a partir del análisis de siete ejes definidores y característicos de esta narrativa: la relación temática con la crisis identitaria, la incertidumbre y la falta de sentido general; la plasmación de la cotidianidad y el contexto inmediato por medio de personajes con actitudes y patologías muy cercanas a los individuos coetáneos; la inclusión normalizada del fantástico en textos de temática y ambientación realistas a través del género del realismo mágico o el neofantástico; el auge del método de la fragmentación discursiva mediante diversas técnicas que rompen con la coherencia, la lógica y la uniformidad; el incremento en el uso de la práctica metaliteraria, es decir, aquella narrativa que se refiere a ella misma; la tendencia creciente a la elaboración de narraciones de autoficción, en que el autor se introduce de forma parcial dentro de la historia, generalmente a partir de la primera persona narrativa, y la fuerte instauración del formalismo literario, que se hace visible en obras que aventajan la forma (el cómo) al contenido (el qué).
This study extracts the literary trends that emerge in the 21st century Catalan-language novel scene from an analysis of seven defining and characteristic axes of this narrative: the thematic relation with the identity crisis, the uncertainty and the lack of general sense; the expression of everyday life and immediate context through characters with attitudes and pathologies which are very close to contemporary individuals; the normalized inclusion of the fantastic in texts of realistic topic and setting by the genre of magical realism or neofantastic; the rise of the method of discursive fragmentation through various techniques that break with consistency, logic and uniformity; the increase in the use of metaliterary practice, that is to say, the narrative that refers to itself; the growing tendency to elaborate autofiction narratives, in which the author is partially introduced into the story, usually from the first narrative person, and the strong implementing of literary formalism, which becomes visible in works that put the form (the how) before the content (the what).
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Noble, Fiona. "Post-transition transitions : childhood, performance and immigration in post-Franco Spanish cinema." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227226.
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Gharaati, Kopaei Mehran. "Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40759.
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The history of post-disaster reconstruction programs, especially in developing countries, is replete with the failure to provide safe-construction methods that can be sustained and repeated over time, in spite of the usually acclaimed success of these projects by those in charge. One key factor that results in this discrepancy is time; while the success of such projects is typically evaluated by the authorities through its tangible impact (such as physical development) at the end of the reconstruction program, the real impacts of the project can be known only in the long run. In other words, although it may seem to have gained success when it is over, the actual success or failure of a post-disaster program largely depends on intangible aspects such as awareness, preparedness, acceptance or rejection of preventive measures, and sustainability. The literature on organizing post-disaster reconstruction is abundant, though no clear consensus emerges; similarly, the literature on knowledge transfer and the embedding of tacit knowledge is rich. However, none applies to both domains. Focusing on the transfer of safe-construction knowledge in the case of the reconstruction program after the earthquake of Bam, Iran, three field studies at three periods of time were organized in Bam. The objective of these field studies was to observe the state of the modern and traditional construction knowledge prior to the earthquake, how new knowledge was disseminated during the directed reconstruction phase, and how much of that knowledge was internalized and translated into sustainable, operational tacit knowledge by the local builders. Based on the theories of knowledge transfer and emphasizing the great distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge, this study demonstrates that in the absence of local builders’ understanding of the principles of construction methods introduced to them, very little can be done in terms of assuring the repeatability of safe-construction practicL’historique des programmes de reconstruction après les catastrophes, particulièrement dans les pays en développement, est jalonné d’échecs. On semble être incapable d’offrir des méthodes de construction sécuritaires qui peuvent être maintenues et répétées à long terme, malgré les succès annoncés par ceux qui sont en charge de ces projets. Un facteur-clé qui explique cette différence d’opinions est le temps; alors que le succès de tels projets est habituellement évalué par les autorités en termes de son impact tangible (par exemple le développement physique) immédiatement après la fin du programme de développement, les impacts réels du projet ne peuvent être connus que sur le long terme. En d’autres mots, même s’il peut sembler couronné de succès lorsqu’il est terminé, le succès ou l’échec réel d’un programme de reconstruction après une catastrophe dépend largement d’aspects intangibles tels que la sensibilisation de la population, l’état de préparation, d’approbation ou de rejet des mesures préventives, et le respect des mesures d’une façon durable. Les ouvrages traitant de l’organisation de la reconstruction sont nombreux quoiqu’on n’arrive pas à un consensus; de même, les ouvrages traitant de la transmission des connaissances et de l’ancrage des connaissances tacites sont riches. Cependant, aucun ne s’applique aux deux domaines. En se penchant sur le transfert des connaissances portant sur les méthodes de construction sécuritaire à la suite du programme de reconstruction après le tremblement de terre de Bam en Iran, trois études sur le terrain, s’échelonnant sur trois périodes de temps distinctes, furent réalisées. L’objectif de ces études fut d’observer l’état des connaissances sur la construction moderne et traditionnelle avant le tremblement de terre, comment les nouvelles connaissances ont été diffusées pendant la phase de reconstruction, et quelle fut la$
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Benamani, Allaoua-Mourad Chatot-Henry Carole. "Angiopathies cérébrales du post-partum." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2005. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0234701.pdf.
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Williamson, Karla Jessen. "Inuit post-colonial gender relations in Greenland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167292.
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This dissertation explores Inuit gender relations in a post-colonial setting in Greenland. Explicitly avoiding Western theories as support, a pan-Inuit framework was constructed in order to more appropriately study gender equity among the kalaallit, the Greenland Inuit. This framework materialized the linkages of Inuit thinking to that of the West, making sense of the Inuit worldview, and arguably justifies the development of other analytical tools. Inuit terms and notions are used in teasing out the emic aspects that reveal the cultural foundations specific to the target group to enable more accurate perception. Concurrently, culturally appropriate protocols in soliciting partnership for research in the field were established to test feasibility that such a relationship could create new knowledge. The combination of the established research modes caused the emergence of a more culturally enriched social construction, which made it possible to go beyond the regular scholarly treatises and standards of analytical structure. The epistemological understanding allowed for more critical analyses of what is presently known of relations between Inuit men and women in the Arctic.
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Schafer, Donna. "Hyperlipidemia post heart transplantation." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69770.
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Hyperlipidemia is prevalent following heart transplantation, and may play a role in the development of late graft atherosclerosis. The charts of 35 heart transplant recipients (n = 32 males and 3 females) were reviewed retrospectively up until three years post transplantation, to describe a time-course of hypercholesterolemia after transplantation, and to determine the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. All patients received prednisone, cyclosporine, and azathioprine for immunosuppression. A progressive rise in both serum cholesterol (2.4 $ pm$ 0.4 mmol/l, p $<$ 0.01), and body weight (8.4 $ pm$ 1.6 kg, p $<$ 0.01) were observed during the first 8 and 10 months respectively. Levels stabilized thereafter, remaining above pretransplant levels. Triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were all above normal limits following transplantation. Tapering of prednisone dose had a significant effect on serum cholesterol levels, whereas diet had a beneficial effect on body weight. A randomized, controlled, dietary intervention study then followed to further assess the effect of dietary intervention on minimizing or preventing post transplantation hyperlipidemia and weight gain. Five patients were counselled the Step One Lipid-Lowering diet, two patients were controls. All study patients demonstrated a lower overall increase in serum cholesterol levels than other transplant recipients. Reported nutritional intakes were similar between both groups. Increases in body weight were related to increases in body fat. Patients in the diet group demonstrated improvements in their level of nutrition knowledge, which correlated with lower serum cholesterol levels. Changes in serum cholesterol were also associated with appetite, hunger, perceived interest, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and attitudes toward food. Changes in body weight were associated with appetite, hunger, perceived barriers, and stress. As
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Leite, António Miguel Neves da Silva Santos. "A influência do romantismo alemão no espaço arquitectónico-procura de um entendimento crítico de uma 'Casa Romântica' nos seus múltiplos significados." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Arquitectura, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29418.
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Bártolo, Carlos Humberto Mateus de Sousa. "Desenho de equipamento no Estado Novo-as estações de correio do plano geral de edificações." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Arquitectura, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30321.
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Cailliez, Patricia Corruble Emmanuelle. "Psychoses du post-partum les enjeux actuels /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2009. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0512039.pdf.
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Aguilar, Giménez Antonio. "Retórica y post-estructuralismo. Introducción a la materialidad del lenguaje en teoría de la literatura." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10311.
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El objeto de estudio de este trabajo comprende la consideración de los límites del estructuralismo y el post-estructuralismo bajo la perspectiva de la problemática concerniente a la materialidad del signo. Ello implica una revisión de la concepción de materialidad lingüística como noción límite entre estructuralismo y post-estructuralismo. Esta inquisición, por su parte, sirve además para trazar el estudio de las diferencias e indiferencias de uno y otro movimiento a partir de los planteamientos retóricos del lenguaje. Queda como rasgo característico de esta retórica la sobreabundancia, el exceso de la sintaxis sobre la semántica derivada de una concepción determinada de la materialidad significante. Bajo esta perspectiva se analiza la inscripción material del signo y la remarcación como condición de posibilidad de la escritura. Es aquí donde se propone la relación de la inscripción con la topología. Esta noción de topología retórica se debe a un modo de reflexión sobre la teoría que se convierte a sí misma en una práctica de la teoría. Estudiamos el renacer de la retórica como objeto de estudio y como metodología de trabajo en los estudios estructurales y post-estructurales. Analizamos algunas propuestas neorretóricas desde la perspectiva de la deconstrucción, con el fin de exponer sus principales postulados y compararlos o ampliarlos con las lecturas posibles de estos modelos. La línea principal de nuestra exposición consiste en examinar el componente principalmente semántico de estos enfoques retóricos. Por último, nos centramos en reflejar y valorar diferentes aportaciones directas post-estructuralistas al campo de la retórica. Fundamentalmente nos ocuparemos del trabajo específico de la deconstrucción en retórica a través de los trabajos de Derrida, Hillis Miller, de Man y Ulmer. Nuestro objetivo específico de nuevo se basa en la demostración de la importancia de la materialidad lingüística como fundamentación para estas prácticas retóricas. En concreto, en este capítulo, trazaremos un recorrido que irá desde la consideración de la inventio como práctica pedagógica y retórica, a la revisión de la memoria como lugar de la temporalidad para la inscripción y el duelo.
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Fortin, Jessica. "Post-communism or post-colonialism? Soviet imperial legacies and regime diversity in East Europe and the former USSR." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21925.
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While post-communist countries share a common past, the variability of outcomes in both democracy and economic reform is very large in the region. Only a few countries have become Western-type democracies in Eastern and Central Europe and the Baltic. By contrast, the norm is clearly not democracy for other Soviet successor states: regimes range from semi-autocratic to downright repressive. In my doctoral dissertation, I attribute this variation to differences in the infrastructural capacity of the state. Using both quantitative and qualitative analyses within 21 post-communist countries, I argue that for democracy to flourish, the state must first possess the means necessary to maintain law and order, to protect the rights of citizens, in other words, to insure the maintenance and delivery of essential public goods. The results show that on the one hand, the links between a strong state that has been able to apply a definitive set of rules, and democratic institutions are clear. On the other hand, where state capacity was more limited after independence was gained, democracy was a less likely outcome. By trying to recentralize power to compensate for the state's administrative limitations, executive authorities also had a parallel tendency to build vertical structures of authority and to suppress liberties and freedoms. In turn, I explore the sources of infrastructural state capacity at the onset of independence. Soviet rule did not leave uniform traces on societies: there were important variations in ruling patterns from Eastern Europe to Central Asia. Therefore this dissertation explores how the shape of colonial ties shared by each entity with the former metropolitan center had direct implications on the administrative capacity of the successor states. In short, the coupling of heavy state engineering with low levels of state penetration and high levels of exploitation were least conducive to the construction of robust state structures.À ce jour, les pays post-communistes présentent de considérables différences en termes de démocratie et de réformes économiques, ce, malgré un passé commun. En fait, seulement quelques pays d'Europe Centrale et de l'Est ainsi que les républiques Baltes, ont acquis le statut de démocraties. Pour les autres anciennes républiques Soviétiques, la norme est toute autre. La plupart d'entre elles affichent des régimes soit semi-démocratiques, ou tout simplement autoritaires. Dans le but d'expliquer cette différence, je fais appel au concept de capacité étatique, qui réfère à l'infrastructure de l'appareil d'état. À l'aide d'analyses quantitatives ainsi que qualitatives menées dans 21 pays post-communistes, cette dissertation vérifie l'hypothèse suivante : un État doit être en mesure de maintenir la loi et l'ordre, de protéger les droits des citoyens, en d'autres mots de garantir l'allocation d'une certaine classe de biens publics, pour qu'un régime démocratique puisse y apparaître et persister. Les résultats des analyses menées établissent la présence d'une robuste association entre, d'un côté des institutions démocratiques, et de l'autre, un certain niveau de capacité étatique. Dans les États où cette capacité était limitée au moment de l'indépendance, une conclusion démocratique était moins probable. En tentant de re-centraliser les pouvoirs de l'État pour compenser certaines faiblesses administratives, plusieurs gouvernements ont eu tendance à construire des structures d'autorité verticales et à ainsi limiter les libertés des citoyens. En retour, cette dissertation explore également les conditions qui peuvent expliquer les différents niveaux de capacité étatiques observés au moment de la chute du communisme. En particulier, je cherche à démontrer que l'Union Soviétique n'a pas utilisé les mêmes méthodes pour gouverner toutes ses colonies : d'importantes variations existent entre les colonies informe
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Leach, Michelle D. "Impact of post-translational modifications during stress adaptation in Candida albicans." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167804.
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Organisms exist in complex and dynamic environments. Facing numerous challenges, microorganisms must continuously monitor environmental changes and adapt to these if they are to survive. For example, the major fungal pathogen of humans, Candida albicans experiences diverse stresses, including temperature fluctuations, oxidative stress and enzymic processes, that cause molecular damage. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation play major roles in stress adaptation, for example through activation of MAP kinase pathways and transcription factors such as the heat shock transcription factor, Hsf1. However, other post-translational modifications such as ubiquitination and sumoylation have been relatively understudied. Nevertheless, they are believed to play crucial regulatory roles in many cellular processes including stress adaptation. Therefore, in this study the roles of ubiquitin and SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) have been investigated in C. albicans. Proteomics was used to identify ubiquitination and sumoylation targets, and this was combined with molecular analyses of the UBI4 and SMT3 genes, which encode polyubiquitin and SUMO, respectively. Both ubiquitination and sumoylation were shown to play important roles in morphogenesis, cell division and stress adaptation in C. albicans, including adaptation to heat and oxidative stresses. In addition, the dynamics of heat shock adaptation were examined in C. albicans using a systems biology approach. Hsf1 is known to activate HSP90. In this study, Hsf1 was found to be transiently phosphorylated in response to heat shock, and Hsp90 was found to down-regulate this Hsf1 phosphorylation. This led to the identification of an autoregulatory loop that controls thermal adaptation in C. albicans. A mathematical model of heat shock regulation (constructed in collaboration with Katarzyna Tyc and Edda Klipp) provided novel insights into the regulation of this evolutionarily conserved environmental response and the significance of thermal adaptation during systemic Candida infection.
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Foroutan-Pour, Kayhan. "Aspects of barley post-anthesis nitrogen physiology." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22730.
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The protein concentration of cereal grains is low and the production of cereal crops with increased grain protein concentrations is desirable. This work investigates the physiological aspects of protein accumulation potential in barley grain. A recently developed perfusion system was used in four experiments conducted in 1993 and 1994. In the field experiment, plants were allowed to take up urea at 15 or 30 mM N, or ethephon at 15 $ mu$ M. Abscisic acid and 2,4-D decreased total seed weight spike$ sp{-1}$. Gibberellic acid and 2,4-D increased seed protein concentration and content, while ABA decreased both of these. Kinetin and abscisic acid treatments resulted in the highest and lowest levels, respectively for flag leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and intercellular CO$ sb2$ concentration. Both protein content spike$ sp{-1}$ and seed protein concentration were elevated in plants fertilized with 10.7 mM N via the soil and plants perfused with 30 mM N via the peduncle. Plants receiving treatments of 10.7 mM N from the soil and mixture of 30 mM N and GA$ sb3$ or 2,4-D through the peduncle had increased protein content seed$ sp{-1}$, and the highest seed weight spike$ sp{-1}$, respectively. Peduncle perfusion with 30 mM N increased spike protein concentration and content and grain protein concentration without affecting seed weight spike$ sp{-1}$. Grain protein concentration was increased by peduncle perfusion with ethephon. The perfusion technique worked well under field conditions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Shutler, Dave. "Post-fire bird communities and vegetation complexity." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66273.
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Zhang, Xiao Hong. "Dynamic post-elastic response of transmission towers." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92181.
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Collapse of transmission towers can occur due to accidental loads such as conductor breakages, failures of insulators or other components, either under every day conditions (components with marginal strengths) or under extreme conditions such as ice storms, thunderstorms, tornadoes, fires, explosions, heavy mass impacts, etc. Furthermore, the trigger of one tower collapse may cause a catastrophic cascading failure of the whole transmission line section as was observed in the 1998 ice storm in Quebec, Canada. Knowledge of the post-elastic capacity of towers is necessary to mitigate the risk of cascading failures in overhead lines.The thesis presents a detailed study of the post-elastic response of latticed towers combining advanced (highly nonlinear) finite element analysis and full-scale dynamic testing of four tower section prototypes. The lattice towers are modeled with special three-node beam elements that include nonlinear material constitutive models for post-elastic response and the geometric stiffness matrices for elements are progressively updated to account for the second order effects. The numerical models also include the effects of connection eccentricities between diagonal members and the main leg members. The numerical models have been used to plan the physical tests and for re-analysis of the models with the experimental loads as measured during the physical tests. Four full-scale transmission tower model sections were built and tested under different load scenarios to verify the results from the numerical analysis. The salient conclusions of the research as follows:
The research demonstrates that it is possible to use post-elastic analysis to accurately predict the reserve strength of bolted lattice towers provided connection eccentricities are properly modeled at peaks or cross arms loading points and in diagonals connected only on one leg.
Both the numerical model and experimental results indicate significant post-elastic reserve strength of the tower section. In the tower prototypes tested in this research, the post-elastic reserve strength was 1.22 for flexure-torsion (i.e. tower under longitudinal loading) governed by diagonals, and 1.37 for bending (i.e. tower in transverse loading) governed by inelastic buckling of the main legs.
Diagonal members affect the failure modes of transmission towers and their connection design may be a weak link in the development of their post-elastic capacity. Diagonal members connected on one leg only are subject to biaxial bending, they cannot develop the full strength of their cross section since the unconnected leg takes much less stress on its entire length.
Accurate pushover post-elastic analysis is an essential design tool to ensure that the tower capacity is adequate and that failure modes are safe, i.e. not leading to progressive collapse. With appropriate training, such analysis is feasible in a design office.
Observations from physical tests, confirmed by numerical simulations, suggest that failure modes under pushover static and dynamic pulse loading are similar.
The ultimate loads sustained by the prototypes in the dynamic tests are higher than their static counterparts (162kN vs. 126kN in bending, and 57kN vs. 51.2kN in flexure-torsion); this can be explained by the strain rate effects, which were particularly large in the bending test due to a mass dropping height of 6 m.
Les effondrements de pylônes de lignes de transport à haute tension peuvent se produire sous charges accidentelles de causes varies: ruptures de conducteurs, rupture de chaînes d'isolateurs ou autres accessoires ou pièces d'attache des conducteurs au pylône, sous des conditions d'utilisation journalière normale (bris de composants dont la résistance st marginale) ou sous des conditions extrêmes (tempête de verglas, tornade, incendie, explosion, impact d'objets lourds, etc. De plus, comme nous l'avons observé lors du Grand Verglas de janvier 1998 au Québec, un bris localisé peut déclencher une ruine en cascade de plusieurs supports.
Il est nécessaire de connaître la réserve de résistance post-élastique des pylônes afin de pouvoir concevoir efficacement des systèmes capables de résister aux effondrements progressifs en cascade. fr
Dans cette thèse, l'auteur présente une étude détaillée de la réponse post-élastique des pylônes à treillis en acier. L'étude combine les techniques avancées d'analyse non linéaire par éléments finis et la réalisation d'essais destructifs sur quatre prototypes de sections de pylônes à treillis en pleine grandeur. Les modèles sont basés sur l'utilisation d'un élément fini de cadre à trois nuds qui inclut les non linéarités dues au comportement inélastique du matériau ainsi que les non linéarités géométriques. Les modèles incluent également les effets des excentricités de connexions des membrures diagonales aux membrures principales. L'auteur a utilisé les modèles numériques détaillés des prototypes d'essais pour faire la planification détaillée des essais. Les modèles ont ensuite été ré-analysés en utilisant les charges mesurées lors des essais. fr
Quatre prototypes d'essais ont été construits et testés sous différents cas de charges afin de vérifier les résultats des analyses par éléments finis. Voici les principales conclusions de cette recherche : fr
Il est possible d'utiliser des analyses post-élastiques pour prédire avec précision la réserve de résistance des pylônes à treillis à condition d'inclure les excentricités de connexion des membrures des cornières des membrures diagonales connectées sur une seule aile ainsi qu'aux points de chargement au pylône en bout de console. fr
Les modèles numériques et les résultats d'essais révèlent une réserve de résistance importante, de 1.22, pour les prototypes testés en flexion-torsion et gouvernés par les membrures diagonales, et de 1.37 dans le cas de flexion, gouverné par le flambage inélastique des montants. fr
Les membrures diagonales des pylônes à treillis ont un rôle important dans leur mode de rupture et la résistance de leurs connexions peut s'avérer un maillon faible dans le développement de leur résistance post-élastique. Les diagonales connectées sur une seule aile sont incapables de développer la résistance maximale de leur section puisque l'aile non connectée n'est pratiquement pas sollicitée. fr
L'analyse post-élastique de type pushover est un outil indispensable pour évaluer la résistance post-élastique des pylônes et vérifier que leur mode de rupture est sécuritaire, i.e. qu'il n'y a pas de risque d'effondrement progressif. Ce type d'analyse est accessible aux ingénieurs des bureaux d'étude et spécialistes en conception de lignes, avec une formation d'appoint. fr
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Finch, L. (Lois) 1947. "Measuring and predicting early functioning post-stroke." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103157.
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Functioning, the most important outcome of stroke interventions, is complex to characterize. Stroke survivors measure functioning compared to what they did in their prestroke lives; hence equating functioning with recovery. To optimize the recovery of functioning, research suggests that rehabilitation interventions should start early post-stroke. To quantify changes in function owing to different interventions, the average value on an index comprised of multiple items related to function is compared or the proportions of people categorized into different functional levels are compared. Currently, there is no agreed upon method of quantifying improvements in functioning and using multiple indices is problematic. This thesis examined combining a method of quantifying behaviours, Rasch analysis that produces measures with interval properties from ordinal observations, with the component of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), to conceptualize, define, and quantify functioning in a single measure. The ensuing prototype measure was limited in scope. Therefore, using data from a longitudinal prognostic study involving people with acute stroke assessed at three days and followed up at three months, a Functioning measure at three months, the F3m, was developed. The F3m is a valid and reliable measure that amalgamates tests where performance is observed and self-report questionnaires where people rate their difficulties in performing physical activities. The F3m covers all ICF components and can be used to quantify recovery at three months. Interventions to improve early functioning post-stroke must impact favourably on the factors that affect early recovery. The most influential factor related to recovery, to date, has been early functioning. As a measure of such early functioning did not exist, a measure of functioning at three days, the FM, was constructed in a manner similar to the F3m. Univariate and multivariate analyses were then used to identify strong early factors collected 24-72 hours post-stroke, and link the factors to function at 3 months. A seven-variable predictive model of functioning was derived. The most important influential predictor of functioning in the model, the comprehensive FM measure, can now be used to evaluate and develop early interventions to enhance functioning, and to act as a covariate explaining the recovery of functioning.
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Mangenaki, Anastassia. "Post functionalist apartment buildings and urban design." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65490.
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Cao, Li 1957. "Professors' post-class reflection : a case study." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36884.
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The topic of teacher reflection has been gaining greater attention in the education literature. Nevertheless, teachers' reflective processes have not been well understood. This study attempted to describe characteristics and content of professors' post-class reflection. More specifically, it attempted to determine whether professors engage in the reflection process consciously and ways in which this process can be characterized. Eight professors, representing two levels of teaching experience, teaching a lecture or seminar undergraduate class in humanities or engineering, participated in this case study. Interviews, classroom observations, and instructional plans and materials comprised the data sources. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed thematically, using QSR NUD*IST 4. Findings indicate that professors' post-class reflection became a routine: it happened at different points of time, mostly right after the class, and as a continuous process. Their reflection involved a mixture of having intuitive feelings about the class as well as thinking logically about how the class unfolded. They reflected intentionally and for two major purposes: to get ready for the next class and to improve teaching in general. They were either unable to characterize their way of reflecting on the class or were very clear that their reflection was more an intuitive process than a rational one. They reflected mostly on their teaching performance, on the content covered in class, on the students, and on instructional contexts. Based on the results, a conceptual framework is proposed that describes professors' post-class reflection as interrelated with rational and non-rational information processing. The study contributes to a better understanding of the complex process of teacher thinking and informs the design of faculty development interventions that aim at promoting reflective practice.
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Da, Silva Bernadette A. (Bernadette Ann). "The post-colonial state : Uganda 1962-1971." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66068.
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McColgan, Patrick. "Corporate governance in the UK post-Cadbury." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21541.
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This thesis examines the corporate governance structures of UK companies following the publication of the Cadbury Committee's Report on the financial aspects of corporate governance in 1992. New evidence is provided on the role of managerial control, board structure and equity issuance in company decision making with respect to the adoption of a corporate governance code of best practice, CEO replacement and appointment decisions, and corporate restructuring. These findings shed new light on the interaction of corporate governance systems, the factors that drive changes in these structures, and the role of corporate governance in discrete corporate tasks. Initially the factors affecting company's decisions on whether to comply with the report's recommendations on non-executive director representation and separating the roles of the Chief Executive and the Chairman of the Board are examined. This study then examines the role of governance structures in three separate discrete tasks ; (i) the likelihood of forced top executive turnover and the origin of the replacement CEO, (ii) the role of governance structures in CEO selection, based on the performance consequences of top management change, and (iii) the relationship between governance and firm responses to a large decline in operating performance. The evidence presented in this thesis contributes to the growing research on board structure and capital market discipline. Specifically, changes in board structure were driven largely by changes in managerial control and equity issuance, which has implications for the likelihood and the potential effects of the global move towards corporate boards that are dominated by outside directors. Furthermore, new evidence is provided on the various tasks in which different corporate governance structures play an important economic role. Capital markets are involved in various types of company decisions whereas board structure is found to play a role only in CEO decisions.
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Grudzińska, Anna. "Nation vs. citizens : competing visions of political community in Poland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237798.
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Habibi, Farshad. "Post-punching shear response of two-way slabs." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110632.
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This thesis investigates the post-punching behaviour of reinforced concrete slab-column connections. Seven interior slab-column connections were tested to study the effects of slab thickness, the length of structural integrity reinforcing bars, the distribution of structural integrity reinforcement in slabs with rectangular columns and the placement of structural integrity reinforcement in slabs with drop panels. Results from this test series and from tests by other researchers were compared with predictions using the CSA A23.3-04 design equations for both punching shear and post-punching resistance. The test results demonstrated that the provision of structural integrity reinforcement in accordance with the requirements of CSA A23.3-04 resulted in significant post-punching resistance and the design equations provide a reasonable estimate of this resistance. In addition, an analytical model for predicting the post-punching shear response of slab-column connections is presented which accounts for the individual contributions of each layer of top reinforcement and each layer of the structural integrity reinforcement. The contribution of each layer of top and integrity reinforcement is governed by three different failure modes, including rupture of the bars, concrete breakout of the bars and pullout of the bars. The predictions are compared with experimental results and the results obtained by the CSA A23.3 Standard design method. There was a good agreement between the predicted results and the experimental results.Cette thèse examine le comportement après poinçonnement des raccords dalle-colonne en béton armé dans le but de fournir le renforcement adéquat pour assurer l'intégrité structurale. Les résultats d'essais sur sept raccords dalle-colonne intérieurs sont présentés. L'étude portait sur les effets de l'épaisseur de la dalle, de la longueur des barres d'armature pour l'intégrité structurale, de la distribution de l'armature d'intégrité structurale dans les dalles avec colonnes rectangulaires et sur le placement de l'armature d'intégrité structurale dans les dalles avec des goussets. Les résultats de cette série d'essai et ceux d'autres chercheurs ont été comparés aux prévisions des équations de calcul de la norme CSA A23.3-04 pour le cisaillement par poinçonnement et la résistance après poinçonnement. Les résultats des essais montrent que la clause d'armature d'intégrité structurale selon les exigences de la norme CSA A23.3-04 produit une résistance importante après poinçonnement; les équations de calcul ont également fourni une estimation raisonnable de cette résistance. De plus, un modèle analytique permettant de prédire la réponse post-poinçonnement des connexions dalle-poteau est présenté. Ce modèle tient compte de la contribution de chaque lit d'armatures supérieures et chaque lit d'armature d'intégrité structurale. Cette contribution des deux lits d'armature est dictée par trois modes de rupture : rupture des armatures, rupture tronconique du béton et rupture par défaut d'ancrage des armatures. Les prédictions du modèle sont comparées aux résultats expérimentaux et aux résultats obtenus à l'aide de la méthode de dimensionnement de la norme CSA. La corrélation entre les prédictions de la méthode et les résultats expérimentaux est excellente.
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Kharouf, Nourhene. "Post-elastic behavior of bolted connections in wood." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36970.
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A nonlinear finite element model is developed to study the behavior of single- and double-bolted timber connections with relatively low member thickness-to-fastener diameter ratios. These structural joints tend to fail in a brittle fashion. The established model is capable of predicting the post-elastic deformations of the connections locally and globally, and the unequal load fractions transferred by each bolt in a two-fastener connection.The ADINA software package is used to generate the model. The problem presents two types of non-linearity. The first is due to geometric effects caused by increased sliding contact between the bolts and the oversized holes in the wood member. Contact is simulated using the Lagrange Multiplier algorithm available in ADINA. This algorithm enforces the compatibility of surface displacements at the wood member which is the contactor surface, and Coulomb frictional conditions over the contact segments, with a coefficient of friction of 0.7. The second non-linearity results from the material post-elastic behavior adjacent to the contact points. A plasticity-based compressive constitutive material model is developed to represent wood as elasto-plastic orthotropic according to the Hill yield criterion in regions of bi-axial compression. Linear elastic orthotropic response is applied otherwise. The model is incorporated as a user-supplied material model of ADINA to carry out the analysis.
The performance of the program and the effectiveness of the elasto-plastic material model are first verified with examples from the literature. Thereafter, numerical simulations of the post-elastic deformations of one- and two-bolt connections are compared to experimental results from tensile tests undertaken on glued-laminated timber connections with stocky bolts and subject to monotonic loading. Characterization tests are undertaken to obtain stiffness and strength for compression and tension parallel and perpendicular to grain, and shear, required as input in the new material model. Five configurations of single-bolt connections and four configurations of double-bolt connections have been tested with different combinations of end distance, edge distance, and spacing between bolts. Reasonable agreement is found between numerical and experimental load vs. strains obtained using single axis strain gages and strain rosettes mounted in regions of stress concentrations. The model is capable of tracing the post-elastic global deformation as obtained from experimental load vs. displacements of LVDT's mounted on specimens. The non-linearity of these load-slip curves is primarily caused by the inelastic wood deformation beneath the bolts at low load levels. This behavior explains the redistribution of load proportions among the bolts in a double-bolt connection. Under test configurations forces are unequally shared between the bolts even at the ultimate load. As a consequence, joint capacity as estimated with the proposed elasto-plastic material model is bounded by the so-called European Yield Model, which assumes equal load distribution among the bolts at ultimate, and the linear elastic model. Observed shear-out brittle failures of wood bolted connections are believed to be caused by excessive combined shear and tension perpendicular to grain along the sides of the contact zone.
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Klein, Mark 1977. "Signal subspace speech enhancement with perceptual post-filtering." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33975.
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Speech enhancement blocks form a critical part of voice communications systems. Unfortunately, most enhancement schemes have difficulty eliminating noise from speech without introducing distortion or artefacts. Many of the disturbances originate from poor parameter estimation and interframe fluctuations.This thesis introduces the Enhanced Signal Subspace (ESS) system to mitigate the above problems. Based on a signal subspace framework, ESS has been designed to attenuate disturbances while minimizing audible distortion.
Artefacts are reduced by employing an auditory post-filter to smooth the enhanced speech spectra. This filter performs averaging in a manner that exploits the properties of the human auditory system. As such, distortion of the underlying speech signal is reduced.
Testing shows that listeners prefer the proposed algorithm to traditional signal subspace speech enhancement.
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Nassif, Mohammed. "Early post operative findings in retroperitoneal sarcoma surgery." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121244.
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INTRODUCTION: Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) are large in size and often involve adjacent organs or vital structures. Completeness of resection is critical for long-term survival. However, this often involves extensive operations. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of early postoperative complications after RPS surgery and identify their predictors. Return to the operating room (OR) and all-cause mortality within 30 days were also examined. METHODS: Administrative claims from the universal health insurance program that covers all residents in the province of Quebec (Canada) were used to identify patients who underwent surgery for retroperitoneal sarcoma. ICD9 and standardized billing codes were utilized. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis the association between patient characteristics and intraoperative variables with severe postoperative complications (Clavien grade ≥ 3 within 30 days) was assessed. RESULTS: 233 patients were included (median age 57). 33% had no comorbidities and 38% had a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥ 3. Overall, 34% of patients had ≥ 1 adjacent organs resected at surgery and 7% had > 3 organs removed. Early severe postoperative complications occurred in 33% of patients and there were 7 deaths (3%). In comparison to patients who had a CCI of 0, those with a score of ≥ 3 were more likely to have postoperative complications, (OR 2.58, CI 1.05-6.36). Patients who avoided elective post operative admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) within 24 hours of surgery had fewer complications postoperatively, (OR 0.07, CI 0.02-0.25). Male patients had a higher risk as well, (OR 2.4, CI 1.05-5.48). On the other hand, multiple organ resection during surgery and patients' age had no impact on the occurrence of severe complications. CONCLUSION: This study showed that patients' age and extent of surgical resection had no impact on the occurrence of postoperative complications after RPS surgery. While CCI patients sex and early ICU admission did. This suggests that age and extent of resection should not be used as a sole determinant of patient's eligibility for curative surgery in RPS.INTRODUCTION: Les sarcomes rétropéritonéaux (SRP) sont de taille importante et impliquent souvent des organes adjacents ou des structures vitales. La résection est critique pour la survie à long terme mais il, s'agit souvent de vastes opérations. OBJECTIF: Le but de cette étude était est-de déterminer l'incidence des complications postopératoires précoces après la chirurgie SRP et d'identifier leurs facteurs prédictifs. Le retour à la salle d'opération (SO) et mortalité de toutes les causes dans les 30 postopératoires ont également été examinés. MÉTHODES: Les réclamations administratives du programme d'assurance-santé universel qui couvrent presque tous les résidents du Québec (Canada) ont été utilisées pour identifier les patients qui sont eu une chirurgie pour une sarcome rétropéritonéal. Le ICD9 et les codes manuelles de facturation standardisé ont été utilisés. L'analyse multivarié par régression logistique de l'association entre les caractéristiques des patients et les variables peropératoires souffrant de graves complications post-opératoires (Clavien ≥ grade 3 dans les 30 jours) a été évaluée. RÉSULTATS: 233 patients ont été inclus (âge médian 57). 33% n'avaient pas de comorbidités et 38% avaient un indice de comorbidité de Charlson (ICC) ≥ 3. Dans l'ensemble, 34% des patients avaient ≥ 1 des organes adjacents réséqués pendant la chirurgie et 7% avaient > 3 subit une ablation d'organes. Les premières complications postopératoires se sont produits chez 33% des patients et il y a eu 7 décès (3%). La comparaison avec les patients qui avaient un CCI de 0, suggère que ceux qui ont un score ≥ 3 étaient plus susceptibles d'avoir des complications post-opératoires, (OR 2,58, IC 1,05 à 6,36). Les patients qui ont évité une admission post-opératoire élective à l'unité de soins intensifs (USI) dans les 24 heures suivant l'intervention ont eu moins de complications post-opératoires, (OR 0,07, IC 0,02 à 0,25). En plus le sexe masculin présente un facteur de risque plus élevé, (OR 2,4, IC 1,05 à 5,48). Finalement, la résection multiviscérale pendant la chirurgie et l'âge des patients ont n'a pas eu d'effet sur la survenue de complications graves. CONCLUSION: Cette thèse a montré que l'âge des patients et l'étendue de la résection chirurgicale ont n'a pas d'incidence sur la survenue de complications postopératoires après une chirurgie SRP. Ceci suggère que l'âge et l'étendue de la résection ne dovent pas être utiliser comme seul déterminant de l'admissibilité des patients pour une chirurgie curative dans SRP.
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Miller, L. J. "The transfer of nuclear technology in the post-cold war era." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1999. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/80.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
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Ferreira, Hercinda C. G. "Post Oligocene sedimentation and salt tectonics of the Kwanza and Lower Congo Basins." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186864.
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The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that post-rift development of ponded accommodation space – a type of salt-induced accommodation space – exerted a controlling factor on the characteristics and distribution of the post-Oligocene lithofacies deposited in parts of the Kwanza and Lower Congo Basins (Angolan margin) covered by this study. The tectonostratigraphic evolution of the area covered by the 3D reflection seismic survey suggests that, during the Early Miocene, the study area was subject to extensional salt deformation. A landward shift of the salt deformation domains occurred during Mid Miocene to Early Pliocene times. This shift in salt domains was coeval with deposition of lithofacies which have characteristics that resemble those deposited in ponded-basin and healed slope salt-induced accommodation space in the Gulf of Mexico. Lithofacies characteristic of deposition in healed slope accommodation space dominate the Mid Miocene to Early Pliocene sedimentary packages, and suggest that ponded accommodation space constituted less than 20% of the total accommodation available at the time of deposition. Seafloor profiles across the present day Angolan margin and central Gulf of Mexico suggest that partial bypass of the slope during deposition in healed slope accommodation space may result in large abyssal plain sediment accumulation. This substantial abyssal plain sedimentation may have buttressed the toe of the Angola Salt Nappe hindering its advance and therefore promoting the landward shift in salt deformation domains observed during this period. Thus, the analysis of the sedimentary packages deposited in the study area during the post-Oligocene to Recent suggests that healed slope accommodation space, rather than ponded accommodation, provided the dominant control on the characteristics and distribution of the lithofacies and consequent shifts in salt deformation domains along the Angolan margin.
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Lucats, Laurence Ghaleh-Marzban Bijan. "La fonction contractile régionale du myocarde post-ischémique adaptations physiopathologiques et pharmacologiques /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0245949.pdf.
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Lee, Chen. "Role of the neutrophil in post-ischemic skin flaps." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60431.
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This thesis reviewed current theories of the post-ischemic injury. Special emphasis was placed on the concept of reperfusion injury.In a series of four experiments, this thesis evaluated neutrophil function, localization, depletion, and inhibition in ischemic cutaneous and myocutaneous flaps. Neutrophil function as measured by phorbol myristate acetate stimulated superoxide production was found to be enhanced on reperfusion of ischemic myocutaneous flaps. $ sp{111}$Indium labelled neutrophils were found to localize in post-ischemic cutaneous and myocutaneous flaps. Post-ischemic cutaneous flap survival was not improved by either cyclophosphamide induced neutrophil depletion or ibuprofen neutrophil inhibition. Post-ischemic myocutaneous flap survival was significantly improved by both cyclophosphamide induced neutrophil depletion and ibuprofen neutrophil inhibition. Thus, the cumulative evidence from these experiments yielded surprisingly different conclusions for cutaneous and myocutaneous flaps. The post-ischemic injury in cutaneous flaps was not mediated by the neutrophil. In contrast, the neutrophil did partially mediate the complex post-ischemic injury of myocutaneous flaps.
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Faremo, Sonia. "Medical problem solving and post-problem reflection in BioWorld." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84992.
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This study examined diagnostic problem solving and post-problem reflection in medical students, residents, and experts. Participants worked on three internal medicine cases from the computer-based learning environment, BioWorld. The analyses focused on general performance measures, problem solving operators and knowledge states, and post-problem reflection activities. Verbal protocol data was collected and examined using a coding scheme developed and implemented with the N-Vivo software. Students and residents differed in overall diagnostic accuracy, and significant differences were found in solution time and the number of utterances made for cases of varying difficulty. Differences in the use of operators and knowledge states are highlighted, although the groups were quite similar on many measures. The experts spent considerably more time working on case history information, consistently engaged in planning, and always generated the correct diagnosis (among others) in response to case history information. During post-problem reflection students used more case history data than residents. Expert models highlight the experts' problem solving cycle that consisted of reviewing data, identifying hypotheses, and planning. Post-questionnaire results indicate that participants found the cases to be interesting, useful for learning, but not especially difficult. Finally, several implications are drawn for the future development of BioWorld for medical training.
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Redl, Erin. "Post-punching response of flat plate slab-column connections." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40840.
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The post-punching failure response of reinforced concrete flat plate slab-column connections is investigated. The first part of this thesis discusses previous research on the tensile membrane action of reinforced concrete slabs and the use of structural integrity reinforcement to prevent progressive collapse after punching failure of slab-column connections. The second part of this thesis describes the design of a flat plate slab system that is the basis for slab-column connection test specimens. Two specimens were constructed and tested to determine punching failure resistance and post-punching failure resistance. The parameter investigated was the detailing of structural integrity reinforcement. Observations from testing contributed to the understanding of the post-punching resisting mechanism that developed. Three failure modes observed during testing were the yielding of reinforcing steel, concrete failure similar to the breakout of embedments, and pullout bond failure. The test results were compared to the predicted resistance of structural integrity reinforcement by CSA A23.3-04 (2004). The test specimens achieved 98% and 104% of the predicted resistance. Test results were also used to evaluate the equation proposed by Melo and Regan (1998) for concrete failure similar to the breakout of embedments, and the equation was found to underestimate the post-punching resistance of flat plate slab-column connections.La réponse après-poinçonnement d’assemblages dalle-poteau de béton armé a été étudiée. Cette thèse constitue de deux parties dont la première discute les recherches précédentes sur l’effet des membranes en traction en plus de l’utilisation d’armature d’intégrité structurale de façon à éviter l’effondrement progressif après avoir subit un poinçonnement en cisaillement d’assemblage dalle-poteau. La deuxième partie décrit la conception d’un système formant d’une dalle plate qui sera la base des modèles d’assemblage dalle-poteau de cette recherche. Deux modèles ont été construits et testés à déterminer la résistance de poinçonnement en cisaillement et la résistance après-poinçonnement pour étudier le paramètre d’armature d’intégrité structurale.Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus ont contribués aux connaissances du mécanisme de résistance après-poinçonnement et trois modes de rupture ont été observés : le fluage de l’acier, la rupture du béton similaire aux brisures des ancrages, et l’échec du lien de retirement. Les résultats ont été comparés aux prédictions de la résistance d’armature intégrité structurale du CSA A23.3-04 (2004) et les modèles conçus ont obtenus 98% et 104% de la résistance prévue. De plus, ses résultats ont été utilisés pour évaluer l’équation proposée par Melo et Regan (1998) pour la rupture du béton similaire aux brisures des ancrages et cette équation a été déterminée à sous-estimer la résistance après-poinçonnement des assemblages dalle-poteau.
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Barclay, Robert 1956. "Ground response to post pillar cut-and-fill mining." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61680.
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Johnstone, Alexander C. "Placing a bound on the post-Newtonian parameter [alpha]₂." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81345.
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A method for obtaining a smaller bound for the post-Newtonian parameter alpha 2 is outlined. alpha2 is a parameter in the post-Newtonian formalism associated with violation of Lorentz invariance. The current bound found by Nordvedt, alpha2 < 1.2 x 10 -7, was obtained using solar system data. We show that, by analysing millisecond pulsar profiles and limiting the amount of secular evolution, a smaller bound can be obtained.
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Kairy, Dahlia. "New insight into postural adjustments during locomotion post stroke." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33789.
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A new clinical measure of postural adaptation, the Advanced Mobility and Balance Scale (AMBS), was developed to assess balance capacities of stroke patients in standing and walking. In the first pilot study, involving 12 stroke patients and 6 healthy subjects, we found excellent interrater reliability and reasonable discriminative capacity of the AMBS. However, high-level functioning stroke subjects could not be differentiated from healthy subjects.In order to refine the scoring of the AMBS for better discrimination, we conducted a kinematic analysis of head turning while walking in 10 stroke patients and 5 age-matched healthy subjects. Results showed that stroke patients manifested disrupted head-trunk-pelvis coordination and increased footpath deviation during head turns towards the paretic side. These abnormal patterns are likely due to compensations and altered sensorimotor integration processes.
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Ryan, Gina. "Student-teacher dyad dissolution in post-secondary music studios." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104535.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate factors leading to student-teacher dyad dissolution in post-secondary music performance studios. Thirty students and 30 teachers were interviewed. Questionnaires containing closed-ended rating scales and open-ended questions were employed and responses were subjected to statistical and content analysis. Participants cited several factors leading to dyad dissolution including different expectations, different goals, poor communication, incompatibility, student attitude, student practice, teacher teaching abilities, and lesson satisfaction. Students and teachers differed regarding their perception of practice strategies and goals; teachers more often reported that goals were established and practice strategies were taught than did students. The most important factors leading to dyad dissolution appeared to be poor communication, expectation imbalance, and lack of personal cohesion. The majority of students' dissolution factors were attributed at the Interpersonal level, whereas the majority of teachers attribution dissolution to factors to the student (level of Other).Le but de cette étude était d'investiguer les causes des bris de relations entre étudiants et professeurs dans les cours individuels d'instrument musical au niveau universitaire. Trente étudiants et trente professeurs ont participé à des entrevues individuelles constituées de questions structurées et non-structurées. Leurs réponses ont été soumises à des analyses statistiques et des analyses de contenu. Les participants ont mentionné plusieurs facteurs ayant contribué au bris de relation, incluant les attentes différentes, les buts différents, la mauvaise communication, l'incompatibilité, l'attitude de l'étudiant, la préparation de l'étudiant, l'habileté pédagogique du professeur, et la satisfaction des leçons. Les étudiants et les professeurs ne partageaient pas les mêmes points de vue en ce qui concerne les buts et les stratégies de la pratique personnelle. En fait, les professeurs ont signalé, plus souvent que les étudiants, que les buts étaient établis et accomplis, et que les stratégies de pratique personnelle étaient enseignées. Les facteurs les plus importants de dissolution semblent être la mauvaise communication, un déséquilibre des attentes, et un manque d'affinités personnelles. La majorité des étudiants ont attribué les causes au niveau de la relation, tandis que la majorité des professeurs ont attribué les causes de la dissolution aux élèves.
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Chattopadhyay, Atanu. "Dual reference signal post-silicon reconfigurable clock distribution networks." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32595.
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This thesis investigates the use of averaging techniques in the development of clock distribution networks and an on-chip clock skew measurement circuit. Our flexible clock distribution network can be used in both single clock and multiple clock integrated circuit applications. The design moves away from clock trees, using a pair of reference clocks traveling in opposite directions to perform clock synchronization on a daisy-chained (serial) clock distribution line. By synchronizing each local clock edge to a position directly in between the forward and reverse reference clock edges, we demonstrate that sub-10 ps variance in clock arrival times can be achieved between local clocks. The design provides a scalable and simple-to-layout solution with multi-point skew compensation useful for large designs. The system provides the benefits of a closed-loop clock de-skewing solution by compensating for process, temperature and power supply variations, with the power savings of an open-loop solution at run-time. Our technique allows routing switches to be included in the clock path, permitting the post-silicon re-sizing and re-shaping of clock domains. Localized clock switches or a complete chip-wide switch mesh can be used to re-route clock signals – a capability that is impossible without our daisy-chained clock network. We investigate a clock network that emphasizes flexibility and reconfigurability without sacrificing tolerance to clock skew. We show that this approach is realizable with transistor-level schematic and extracted circuit structures in TSMC's 180 nm standard process. We also develop a modeling infrastructure from which we can create a variety of clock netwoCette thèse étudie une technique de moyennes pour créer un système de distribution d'horloge et un circuit pour mesurer le désalignement de phase d'horloge sur circuit intégré. Notre circuit de distribution d'horloge est polyvalent et peut être employé pour les systèmes avec une horloge simple ou des horloges multiples. La conception s'éloigne des circuits de distribution par arbres, utilisant une paire de signaux de référence voyageant en directions opposées pour corriger le déphasage de chaque horloge répartie linéairement sur la puce. En synchronisant chaque front ascendant d'horloge locale directement entre ceux des signaux de référence, on démontre que le déphasage peut-être réduit en dessous de 10 picosecondes. La conception permet une distribution d'horloges qui est simple à appliquer et extensible. Cette démarche corrige les variations de processus, d'alimentation et de température, fournissant la correction du désalignement de phase systématique de chaque tranche de la distribution d'horloge. Notre technique permet l'introduction des commutateurs de cheminement pour commuter les trajets d'horloge et changer la grandeur et forme des domaines d'horloge après la fabrication d'un circuit intégré. Des commutateurs localisés ou un réseau de commutateur en maille qui couvre le circuit au complet peuvent être utilisés – deux possibilités qui sont impossibles sans notre réseau connecté en série. Notre recherche souligne la flexibilité et la reconfiguration dynamique d'un réseau d'horloge sans sacrifier l'alignement de phase des signaux d'horloges locaux. Nous prouvons que cette approche est réalisable avec des conceptions niv
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Jallow-Sey, Aisatou. "ICAO's aviation security programme post 911 : a legal analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80931.
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Unlawful interference with civil aviation has become a major concern for the world aviation community. The misuse of aircraft as a weapon of mass destruction has created new challenges. Air terrorism has moved from hijacking or unlawful seizure of aircraft to an in-flight explosion caused by sabotage and finally to September 11, 2001, to the use of a civil airplane as a weapon of destruction.The events of September may be the biggest security challenge ever faced by the aviation industry. The impact of this tragic event on the global economy has been very harsh. The events have tended to obscure the fact that civil aviation continues to be an inherent safe mode of transport.
Great efforts are being made at the national and international levels to create a security net which is global in nature and so tight that not one further potential act of unlawful interference can slip through. However, the fact remains that, in weaving the net and designing measures with the objectives of preventing, combating and eradicating acts of terrorism involving civil aviation, it is prudent to be imaginative in assessing the threat, which could come from new directions and in new forms.
This thesis explores the implications of the 11 September 2001 events. A global strategy is initiated by ICAO and endorsed by the States, with the aim of protecting lives, restoring public confidence in air travel, and promoting the financial health of air transport. I will therefore examine the measures initiated by ICAO in response to the new challenges in aviation and which form the basis of the aviation security action plan. The perspective is that the events of 11 September have changed the world, and changed irrecoverably. Nothing will be the same for the aviation industry.
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Missire, Gaëlle. "Women's right to political participation in post-conflict transformation." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32581.
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This thesis is looking at the experience of girls and women in times of armed conflict in order to offer some solutions to increase women's participation in post-conflict transformation of society. Women and girls experience war in many different ways, but both as victims and agents of change. This latter role often goes unnoticed and women are traditionally forced to go back to traditional gender roles. Undertaking the study of some cases of African countries, the author tries to analyse the impact that women's movements for peace have had on the substantive content of peace agreements. While it is difficult for women to participate in the reconstruction of their society once the conflict ceased, it might be more efficient to include women at the very beginning of peace negotiations. Women's right to take part in the conduct of public affairs is a means as well as a reparative measure, both aiming at increasing women's political participation in a transformed post-conflict society.Ce travail de recherche s'appuie sur la condition des femmes en situation de conflit armé. L'objectif est de déterminer les failles en matière de justice transitoire, vue sous l'angle des femmes, et de proposer des éléments de solutions pour que les femmes puissent participer pleinement à la transformation de leur société au sortir d'un conflit. En temps de guerre, on ne voit souvent dans les femmes que les principales victimes de violence sexuelle et on tend à oublier le rôle très positif et constructif qu'elles jouent par ailleurs dans la transformation de leur société. C'est de ce rôle dont traite cette thèse. Généralement, dès qu'une certaine stabilité est retrouvée, les femmes se voient contraintes de reprendre leur vocation traditionnelle qui occulte alors leurs efforts pour la paix. L'argument développé ici propose d'impliquer les femmes dès le début des négociations de paix. Une étude portant sur plusieurs cas de pays africains permet de conclure que ce n'est qu'à cette condition que les femmes peuvent réellement avoir une influence sur la teneure des accords de paix, et donc l'évolution de leur société d'après conflit. Le droit des femmes à prendre part aux affaires publiques est ainsi vu comme un moyen d'assurer une meilleure représentation des femmes sur la scène politique, mais aussi comme une mesure de réparation servant le même objectif.
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Boulanger, Marie-Chloé. "Arginine methylation, the characterization of a post-translational modification." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85889.
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Proteins are known to be post-translationally modified. This thesis will discuss arginine methylation, one of the many post-translational modifications that occur within the cell. The enzymes that catalyze this post-translational modification are called arginine methyltransferases. The three main types of methylated arginines include monomethylated arginine (MMA), asymmetric dimethylated arginine (aDMA) and symmetric dimethylated arginines (sDMA). Type I arginine methyltransferases catalyze the formation of MMA and aDMA; Type II enzyme catalyze the formation of MMA and sDMA. Protein arginine methylation has been implicated in the regulation of many different cellular processes, including transcription, cellular localization, protein-protein interaction and signal transduction.The purpose of this work was to further characterize arginine methylation by identifying new members of the arginine methyltransferase enzyme family in Drosophila melanogaster and to study the effects of protein arginine methylation on novel substrates. I identified and characterized nine homologues of arginine methyltransferases in Drosophila that were named DART1 to DART9, for drosophila arginine methyltransferases 1-9. All nine enzymes are expressed at various developmental stages. I discovered that a substrate of mammalian enzyme protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) can also be methylated by PRMT5. I also identified HIV-1 Tat protein as the first substrate of the novel enzyme PRMT6.
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Forbes, Alexander Thomas. "Images of the new Europe : conceptual ideas of the European and post-1989 European films." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230617.
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In a series of cinematic case studies, this thesis argues for a philosophically grounded concept of the 'European', a concept visualized and narrativized in a select canon of films from the tumultuous period in European history between 1989 and 1995. This concept is defined by an oscillation between the particular and the universal, situating Europe not in a geopolitical or territorial frame but instead as the interaction between utopian promise of universal tolerance and (self-)critical thought, and a historical actuality overdetermined by particularities: identity, nationality, ethnicity, gender, and class. A critical, self-reflexive and avowedly European group of films is examined: Faraway, So Close! (Wim Wenders, 1993), the Three Colours trilogy (Krzysztof Kieślowski, 1993-4), Ulysses' Gaze (Theodoros Angelopolous, 1995), and 71 Fragments of a Chronology of Chance (Michael Haneke, 1994) reflexively critique the institutional, territorial and historical basis of their 'European' status. This critique is performed in the handling of profilmic indexicality and the dramatic situations staged within that environment. In bringing the particular universal tension to the fore, this thesis argues that the European always already brings with it a historico-philosophical tension occluded in categories such as the global or transnational. Historical echoes, in which events of the post-1989 period appear to re-occur in the present, indicate how recent and ongoing European crises are haunted by the aftermath of the fall of the Berlin Wall, the collapse of Soviet-type socialism, and the expansion of European institutions. In that time, philosophical responses to the newly-emerging political and social conditions implicitly or explicitly evoked the power of visual cultures to initiate reflection on those conditions. Narrative films specifically offer an underappreciated resource on the intellectual concerns of the post-1989 moment, and on its galvanising influence on philosophical questioning of the European. This thesis offers a detailed examination of cinematic narratives in which this questioning is undertaken and by doing so offers intellectual resources for re-imagining the present moment of European crisis.
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McGeoch, Susan Christina. "Effect of oats on post-prandial glycaemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158362.
Full textAbstract:
Acute post-prandial hyperglycaemia may trigger acute increases in systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the effect of both an oat-rich diet and standard dietary advice on glycaemic control, post-prandial glycaemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in volunteers with diet-managed type 2 diabetes. Method In a randomised cross-over design 30 volunteers with type 2 diabetes followed for two 8 week periods either an oat-rich diet or a control diet based on standard dietary advice. Volunteers attended at baseline, week 8 and 16. Measurements included basic clinical parameters, baseline blood tests followed by consumption of a standard test-meal with glucose, insulin and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress quantified during the post-prandial period. During each dietary period volunteers underwent a three day period of free-living continuous glucose monitoring (CGMS) during which time they kept a food diary. At the study end, the post-prandial response to an iso-energetic meal rich in oats was assessed. Results There were no diet-related differences in parameters of glycaemic control or post-prandial glycaemia based on CGMS data. Dietary intervention also had no effect on either the glycaemic or insulinaemic responses to the test-meal and there were no differences in the acute responses to the standard or oat-based test meals. Chronic intervention with the oat-based diet increased fasting adiponectin concentrations (P=0.06) and post-prandial ORAC concentrations (P<0.05) but had no effect on fasting CRP, ORAC, OxLDL or TBARS concentrations or the post-prandial response of CRP, adiponectin or TBARS to the standard test-meal. Following the oat-based test meal, adiponectin concentrations declined less (P<0.05) while CRP concentrations increased less (P<0.05) compared with the standard test-meal. Conclusion The oat-rich diet exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects in both the basal and post-prandial states independent of any effect on glycaemia. These findings may have implications for nutritional management of cardiovascular risk.
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Melia, Jan. "Masculinity, post-conflict police reform & gender-based violence in Northern Ireland & Bosnia Herzegovina." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=239033.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation aims to examine masculinities and transitional police reform, considering policy and processes, and investigating the policing of gender-based violence in post-war societies. Drawing upon current feminist theory in the field of transitional justice, it focuses on masculinities in formal post-conflict police reform processes, an area that has been much under-researched in the academic literature. More specifically, the dissertation examines international processes focused on police reform advocacy relating to gender-sensitive reform, and local level police reform relating to gender-based violence (GBV). To examine local level reforms, two post-conflict case sites, Bosnia Herzegovina (BiH), and Northern Ireland (NI) were selected for investigation. My research understands gender as a discursive construct and investigates the gendered conceptions built into police reform policy, process, and practice. How these conceptions come to be part of police reform texts and how they manifest in post-conflict policing responses to gender-based violence (GBV) is the focus of the dissertation. Overall, my research identifies masculinity as an unstated norm in police reform, and case study findings indicate that hegemonic masculinities shape police reform policy and practice relating to GBV in particular ways, reiterating conventional gender norms, and limiting the potential for transformative change. Findings suggest that current reforms in post-conflict transitions contribute to, and constitute a process of remasculinisation.
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Fiddes, James. "Implementing post-Cold War Anglo-American military intervention : scrutinising the dynamics of legality and legitimacy." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231671.
Full textAbstract:
Since the end of the Cold War, much has been written on the various overseas military adventures of Western powers, with significant focus being placed on the legality and legitimacy of these interventions. Despite the volume of work produced on the topic, this thesis argues that much of it has been framed incorrectly, allowing for a conflation of the concepts of legality and legitimacy to distract from the true source of international legitimacy and the true role of international law. Over this period of time, through a combination of selective application and lack of genuine understanding of its role, statutory international law has steadily lost traction and credibility. Through an analysis of a range of case studies from the post-Cold War era, this thesis argues that international legitimacy emanates not from the international legal order (as represented and overseen by the UN) but from consensus amongst kin countries. There are various potential avenues available to achieve consensus, but which is chosen depends on the circumstances of each individual case. National interest underpins state decision-making and, if significant enough, can, on its own, provide a route to consensus. Additionally, a shared national security concern - the pre-eminent catalyst for consensus during the Cold War - remains a powerful option. Furthermore, in the post-Cold War world, a new, norms-based justification, often classified as “humanitarian intervention” has also developed. Demonstrating compliance with international law can, depending on circumstances, be potentially available to strengthen the case for consensus but is not necessarily always an appropriate or productive choice and plays a secondary role to other, more powerful considerations. By focusing on key case studies it is possible to identify trends in approach to the use of international law and identify the nature of the role it plays in international power politics. Through close analysis of a wide variety of primary and secondary sources, it is possible to identify key drivers for decision-makers and detect the impact of past experience on the use of international law in the quest for legitimacy ahead of launching military action. The trends in approach and in relations between close Western allies (in particular the UK and US) have been identified from the Gulf War in 1990 through to the ongoing crisis engulfing Syria, and potentially hold valuable lessons for future strategic decision-making.