Academic literature on the topic 'Post-'80'
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Journal articles on the topic "Post-'80"
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Hai, Yu, and M. Wang Jiann-Yuh. "Chine : « les post-80 »." Médium 39, no. 2 (2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mediu.039.0067.
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HorngJinh Chang, PeirChyi Lii, and FengMei Yang. "Targeting the Post-80's Market: An MCDM Approach." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences 4, no. 20 (November 30, 2012): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/aiss.vol4.issue20.43.
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Xing, Ying, Zheng-Rong Liu, Wei Yu, Hong-Yi Zhang, and Mao-Min Song. "Risk factors for post-hepatectomy liver failure in 80 patients." World Journal of Clinical Cases 9, no. 8 (March 16, 2021): 1793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i8.1793.
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Gu, Qinxuan, Lihong Wang, Judy Y. Sun, and Yanni Xu. "Understanding China's Post‐80 employees' work attitudes: an explorative study." Journal of Chinese Human Resources Management 1, no. 2 (February 2010): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20408001011117635.
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Téné-Marceline, Yameogo, Nadeau Cédric, Torremocha Florence, Hadjadj Samy, Pierre Fabrice, Magnin Guillaume, and Marechaud Richard. "80 Diabète gestationnel et devenir glycémique dans le post-partum." Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction 34, no. 3 (May 2005): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0368-2315(05)82832-7.
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邢瑶(Xing Yao) and Jaeyoun Won. "The Case Study of Post-80's Generation from Northeast China." JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES ll, no. 49 (August 2015): 315–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26585/chlab.2015..49.013.
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Tantisattamo, Ekamol, Weera Sukhumthammarat, Prapaipan Putthapiban, Wasawat Vutthikraivit, and Siwadon Pitukweerakul. "PS 08-80 IMPROVED POST-TRANSPLANT HYPERTENSION FROM NON-HYPERTENSIVE KIDNEYS." Journal of Hypertension 34, Supplement 1 (September 2016): e315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000500774.11884.69.
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Pareja-Blanco, Fernando, Antonio Villalba-Fernández, Pedro Cornejo-Daza, Juan Sánchez-Valdepeñas, and Juan González-Badillo. "Time Course of Recovery Following Resistance Exercise with Different Loading Magnitudes and Velocity Loss in the Set." Sports 7, no. 3 (March 4, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7030059.
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The aim of this study was to compare the time course of recovery following four different resistance exercise protocols in terms of loading magnitude (60% vs. 80% 1RM—one-repetition maximum) and velocity loss in the set (20% vs. 40%). Seventeen males performed four different protocols in full squat exercise, which were as follows: (1) 60% 1RM with a velocity loss of 20% (60-20), (2) 60% 1RM with a velocity loss of 40% (60-40), (3) 80% 1RM with a velocity loss of 20% (80-20), and (4) 80% 1RM with a velocity loss of 40% (80-40). Movement velocity against the load that elicited a 1 m·s−1 velocity at baseline measurements (V1-load), countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and sprint time at 20 m (T20) were assessed at Pre, Post, 6 h-Post, 24 h-Post, and 48 h-Post. Impairments in V1-load were significantly higher for 60-40 than other protocols at Post (p < 0.05). The 60-20 and 80-40 protocols exhibited significant performance impairments for V1-load at 6 h-Post and 24 h-Post, respectively (p < 0.05). CMJ height remained decreased for 60-20 and 60-40 until 24 h-Post (p < 0.001–0.05). Regarding T20, the 80-40 protocol resulted in higher performance than 60-40 at 24 h-Post and the 80-20 protocol induced a greater performance than 60-40 protocol at 48 h-Post (p < 0.05). A higher velocity loss during the set (40%) and a lower relative load (60% 1RM) resulted in greater fatigue and slower rate of recovery than lower velocity loss (20%) and higher relative load (80% 1RM).
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Rijnhout, Tim W. H., Femke Noorman, Bob De Kort, Margreet Zoodsma, and Rigo Hoencamp. "Prolonged (post‐thaw) shelf life of − 80°C frozen AB apheresis plasma." Transfusion 60, no. 8 (July 21, 2020): 1846–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.15963.
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Lim, L. C., J. Z. Yi, and N. Liu. "Mechanism of post-weld heat treatment cracking in Rene 80 nickel based superalloy." Materials Science and Technology 18, no. 4 (April 2002): 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708302225001633.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Post-'80"
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De, Vito Giulia <1997>. "DALLA RIAFFERMAZIONE IDENTITARIA ALL'IPERREALTA': LA PRATICA ARTISTICA DELLA GENERAZIONE CINESE POST-80." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21335.
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Il XXI secolo sembra essere cominciato con incertezza. La società contemporanea in Cina, come nella maggior parte del mondo, gode di relativa stabilità finanziaria e rapido progresso tecnologico, ma allo stesso tempo il panorama urbano e culturale diviene sempre più artificioso e privo di senso di continuità con il passato, mentre la post-verità trionfa sui fatti oggettivi. Fra i tanti attori che hanno prontamente letto e reagito all’ambiguità del presente c’è sicuramente il mondo dell’arte contemporanea cinese. In particolare, negli ultimi due decenni una nuova generazione di artisti è emersa con tenacia in centinaia di mostre in Cina e a livello internazionale presentando in maniera ironica e cinica la propria visione del mondo. Non mostrando alcuna particolare adesione a movimenti o gruppi artistici o intenzione di sovvertire i canoni esistenti, tutto lo sforzo di ricerca degli artisti post-80 sembra, piuttosto, incentrato sul testare la validità e l’autenticità della realtà che li circonda. Nello specifico, la presente tesi analizzerà le opere di nove artisti che mettendo al centro della propria pratica il corpo, la trasformazione di materiali o le innumerevoli possibilità offerte dalla rete Internet hanno analizzato con lucidità il presente. Chen Zhe, Ma Qiusha e Ren Hang sono partiti dal microcosmo della propria realtà quotidiana per fare rapporto sullo stato psicologico della nuova generazione e individuare nelle pressioni familiari e interne, più che nelle politiche governative, la causa della loro alienazione. Sun Xun, He Xiangyu e Zhao Zhao hanno, invece, “decostruito” la storia e le icone politico-culturali del passato per mettere in discussione i costrutti sociali ereditati nel presente. Infine, aaajiao, Lu Yang e Cao Fei, esplorano, attraverso il cyberspazio, l'evoluzione dell'identità dell'essere umano ormai inglobato dal mondo digitale e delineano il mondo odierno come una distopia composta prevalentemente di simulazioni virtuali e in cui il singolo individuo ha sempre meno controllo sui nuovi sistemi economici e sociali proposti dalle nuove tecnologie. In ultima analisi, si sottolinea che i capitoli tematici nei quali sono stati raggruppati gli artisti sono da intendersi come delle categorie fluide e aperte, in quanto quest’ultimi non vogliono essere associati ad alcun genere artistico e in più affermano di puntare ad un’universalità sia di intenti che di pubblico. Difatti, seppur partendo da esperienze personali o da specifici fatti storici relativi alla Cina, gli artisti post-80 affrontano nelle opere finali questioni rilevanti ai Paesi di tutto il mondo e invitano ad una presa di coscienza globale sugli effetti della corsa al progresso.
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Crook, Nolan Tracy. "Control of Post-Weld Fracture Toughness in Friction Stir Processed X-80 HSLA Steel." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9162.
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The present study investigates the fracture toughness of FSW X-80 HSLA steel welds. Weld cooling rate and peak temperature were varied among welds; indirectly manipulated through FSW travel speed, rpm, and weld preheat. Fracture toughness was tested according to ASTM 1820 standard along the weld centerline using surface-notched SEB specimen cooled to -40 °C. This study resulted in a reliable, repeatable process for generating friction stir welds with CTOD’s consistently above that of the original base metal. CTOD and microstructure of friction stir welds can be selected by controlling weld cooling rate and peak temperature. Material properties and microstructure similar to the original base metal can be recreated throughout the weld stir zone. CTOD of FSW X80 has a strong inverse linear correlation with post-weld cooling rate.
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Ortiz, Boix Carla. "Implementing machine translation and post-editing to the translation of wildlife documentaries through voice-over and off-screen dubbing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400020.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral explora la possibilitat d’incloure la traducció automàtica i la traducció automàtica seguida de postedició en el procés de traducció de documentals científics de fauna i flora mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off. Per a aconseguir-ho, es van portar a terme tres estudis:
El primer estudi investiga els reptes que hauríem de superar per a poder introduir la traducció automàtica en el procés de traducció de documentals. Ens basem en estudis anteriors sobre traducció mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off i sobre traducció de documentals (per exemple, Franco et al., 2010) per a determinar els esmentats reptes, així com en l’anàlisi d’un corpus de guions de documentals en anglès, un corpus de documentals en castellà i un corpus de segments de guions de documentals i 9 traduccions, 8 de les quals van ser fetes per diversos motors de traducció automàtica en línia i gratuïts, i l’altra va ser traduïda per un professional. A més, l’estudi introdueix possibles solucions als reptes, que fem servir a l’experiment que presentem en el segon estudi.
El segon estudi se centra en un experiment per a determinar l’esforç necessari per a posteditar documentals científics de fauna i flora en comparació amb l’esforç requerit per a traduir-los. Dotze estudiants de màster van participar en l’experiment, que es va basar en la noció d’esforç de Krings (2001), així com en altres estudis sobre esforç de postedició (per exemple, O’Brien, 2006). Les conclusions de l’experiment indiquen que post-editar requereix menys esforç que traduir.
El tercer estudi compara la qualitat de documentals post-editats i traduïts. Per a fer-ho, es van portar a terme dos experiments. En el primer, sis experts van avaluar la qualitat dels documentals que van fer els estudiants de màster durant l’experiment del segon estudi. Així, doncs, els experts van posar nota als documents, els van corregir mitjançant una classificació d’errors basada en MQM que inclou especificacions per a la traducció documentals, i van respondre qüestionaris d’acord amb la seva opinió sobre les traduccions corregides. Les conclusions de l’experiment indiquen que la qualitat de les post-edicions i de les traduccions són significativament semblants.
En el segon experiment, 56 possibles usuaris van avaluar la qualitat dels documentals post-editats i traduïts mitjançant un qüestionari de recepció. Igual com va indicar l’avaluació dels experts, els resultats mostra que no hi ha diferencies significatives entre la qualitat dels documentals traduïts i els posteditats.
Els estudis presentats en aquesta tesi doctoral, doncs, permeten aconseguir l’objectiu principal de la tesi: “investigar si es podria incloure, satisfactòriament, la traducció automàtica, en quant a esforç i qualitat, en el procés de traducció de documentals d’un subdomini específic (fauna i flora) mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off; i validar les dues hipòtesis principals de la tesi: “esperem que la inclusió de traducció automàtica en el procés de traducció de documentals de naturalesa mitjançant veus superposades i doblatge en off optimitzi el procés en quant a esforç” i “esperem que la inclusió de traducció automàtica en el procés de traducció de documentals científics de fauna i flora per veus superposades i doblatge en off no afecti significativament la qualitat del producte traduït”.Esta tesis doctoral explora la posibilidad de incluir traducción automática y traducción automática seguida de post-edición en el proceso de traducción de documentales científicos de fauna y flora mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off. Para conseguirlo, llevamos a cabo tres estudios: El primer estudio investiga los desafíos que necesitamos superar para poder incluir la traducción automática en el proceso de traducción de documentales. Nos basamos en estudios anteriores sobre traducción mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off y sobre traducción de documentales (por ejemplo, Franco et al., 2010) para determinar los desafíos que nos podemos encontrar. También nos basamos en el análisis de un corpus de guiones de documentales en inglés, un corpus de documentales en español y un corpus de segmentos de guiones de documentales y sus nueve traducciones, ocho de las cuales fueron producidas por motores de traducción automática gratuitos y en línea, y otra traducción hecha por un traductor humano. Además, el estudio introduce posibles soluciones para estos desafíos, que usamos en el experimento presentado en el segundo estudio. El segundo estudio se centra en un experimento que pretende determinar el esfuerzo requerido para post-editar documentales de naturaleza comparado con el esfuerzo necesario para traducirlos. Doce estudiantes de máster participaron en el experimento, que se basó en la noción de esfuerzo de Krings (2001), así como otros estudios relacionados con esfuerzo de post-edición (por ejemplo, O’Brien, 2006). Las conclusiones del experimento parecen indicar que post-editar requiere menos esfuerzo que traducir. El tercer estudio compara la calidad de documentales post-editados y traducidos. Para hacerlo, se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos. En el primero, seis expertos evaluaron la calidad de los documentales hechos por los estudiantes durante el experimento: los expertos pusieron nota a los documentos, los corrigieron usando una clasificación de errores basada en el MQM que incluye especificaciones para la traducción de documentales, y respondieron unos cuestionarios sobre su opinión de las traducciones. Las conclusiones del experimento indican que la calidad de las post-ediciones y las traducciones son significativamente similares. En el segundo experimento, 56 posibles usuarios evaluaron la calidad de documentales post-editados y de documentales traducidos mediante un cuestionario de recepción. Igual como indicó la evaluación de los expertos, los resultados muestran que no hay diferencias significativas entre la calidad de los documentales traducidos y los post-editados. Los estudios presentados en esta tesis doctoral, pues, nos permiten conseguir el objetivo principal de la tesis: “investigar si se podría incluir la traducción automática de manera satisfactoria, en cuanto a esfuerzo y calidad, en el proceso de traducción de documentales de un subdominio específico (fauna y flora) mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off”; y validar las dos hipótesis principales de la tesis: “la inclusión de traducción automática en el proceso de traducción de documentales científicos de fauna y flora mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off optimizará el proceso en cuanto a esfuerzo” y “la inclusión de traducción automática en el proceso de traducción de documentales científicos de fauna y flora mediante voces superpuestas y doblaje en off no afectará significativamente la calidad del producto traducido”.
This PhD explores the possibility of introducing MT and PE MT into the process of translating wildlife documentaries to be voiced-over and off-screen dubbed. In order to do so, 3 studies have been carried out: The first stud researches the challenges that would need to be overcome if MT is to be included in the process of translating wildlife documentaries through VO and OD. The challenges are based on previous studies on the translation via VO and OD, and the translation of documentaries (e.g. Franco et al., 2010), as well as an analysis of a corpus of wildlife documentary scripts in English, a corpus of wildlife documentary scripts in Spanish, and a corpus of segments of documentary scripts and 9 translations: 8 produced by free-online MT engines and 1 by a human translator. Furthermore, it presents possible solutions to such challenges, which are used in the experiment presented in the second study. The second study presents and experiment that intends to determine the effort required to post-edit wildlife documentary films, as compared to the effort needed to translate them from scratch. 12 MA students participated in the experiment, which was based in Krings (2001) notion of PE effort, and previous experiments on PE effort (e.g. O’Brien, 2006). The conclusions of the experiments seem to indicate that PE requires less effort than translating them from scratch. The third study compares the quality of post-edited and translated wildlife documentaries. In order to do so, two experiments were carried out. The first one presents the QA, made by 6 experts, of the documentary scripts translated by MA students during the second study. The experts assessed the quality by grading the documents, by correcting them using an MQM-based error classification that includes specifications of documentary translation, and finally, by answering questionnaires on their opinions. Conclusions indicate that the quality of post-edited and translated wildlife documentaries is significantly similar. In the second experiment of the third study, 56 end-users blindly assessed the quality of post-edited and translated wildlife documentaries by using user-reception questionnaires. As well as the QA by experts, the results show that there is no significant difference between the quality of post-edited and translated documentaries. All the studies presented in this dissertation help to accomplish its main objective: “research whether MT might be successfully included, effort and quality wise, into the process of translating documentaries of a certain subdomain (wildlife) through VO and OD”; and validate its main hypotheses, which stand that “the inclusion of MT into the process of translating wildlife documentaries through VO and OD will optimize the process in terms of effort” and that “the inclusion of MT into the process of translating wildlife documentaries through VO and OD will not have significant impact on the quality of the translated product”.
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BERETTA, SARA. "Vita, niente di più: video e soggettività nella Cina contemporanea." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/50901.
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Il lavoro intende indagare i legami tra produzione e consumo di video non ufficiali e i cambiamenti della società cinese contemporanea urbana, in particolare dalla prospettiva dei giovani nati dopo il 1980.
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Journot, Marie-Thérèse. "Le cinéma des années 80 : "Esthétique publicitaire " ou "post-modernisme" ? : Une esthétique de la communication en quête de légitimité." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030121.
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JOURNOT, BRUN M. THERESE. "Le cinema des annees 80 : esthetique publicitaire ou post-modernisme? une esthetique de la communication en quete de legitimite." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030036.
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La these etudie la notion d'esthetique publicitaire, apparue dans la critique en 1981 pour diva. Le film de beineix, pour denoncer une ornementation gratuire, une intrigue inexistante et un effet de mode. Nous nous sommes d'accord pose la question d'une specificite esthetique de la publicite, spots et clips confondus; or elle emprunte au cinema plus qu'elle ne l'influence et le rapprochement avec les films etudies tient surtout a la reactualisation d'un heritage pictural commun - nouvelle objectivite. Realisme magique, hyperrealisme -; des divergences notables apparaissent quant a l'utilisation du temps narratif et de l'imaginaire, proche du realisme poetique. Ces relations entretenues avec le passe, a contre-courant des avant-gardes, ont permis un deuxieme rapprochement, avec le post-modernisme, courant qui se caracterise par le melange des genres, la rhetorique, et le desir de communiquer avec un double code, cultive et populaire, les emprunts pouvant se lire a plusieurs niveaux. Ceci traduit une quete de legitimite qui va paradoxalement de pair avec une delegitimation des tenants du champ; cette "pretention", qui fonde en partie le rejet de la critique, nous a conduit enfin a tenter de cerner l'implicite et les contradictions du discours critique: il semble que les films soient rejetees esthetiquement comme oeuvres mineures, "moyennes", a cause de leur compromission avec le commercial, et, au nom de la morale parce qu'ils se contentent de refleter et de reproduire, sans les denoncer, les mutations de notre espace social. Ils apparaissent ainsi comme les boucs emissaires d'une societe qui s'accuse elle-meme d'etre publicitaireThis thesis analyses the concept of advertising aesthetics, propounded by critics in 1981 about beineix's film diva, thereby exposing the unnecessary frills, the absence of a plot and the enslavement to fashion. At first we wondered that publicity borrows more from film-making than it contributes to it. The comparison between movies and advertising appears to be an up dating of a common visual heritage, be it called new objectivity or hyperrealism. Important differences can be shown concerning the narrative timespan and the imaginary, close to poetical realism. From this relationhseip with the past, alien to present avant-gardism, we were entitled to develop another comparison with post-modernism, a trent which is remarkable for the blending of genres, for rhetorics and for the tendency to double-coding communication, both cultured and vulgar. This shows a quest for legitimacy which is no inconsistent with the de-justification of established patterns. This aspiration, which explains in part the reject reaction of the critics, has led us to try a closer approach of his contradictory and underlying thoughts. It would seem the movies were aesthetically refused as minor works of their subservience to commercialism, and in the name of ethics, because they content to reflect the change undergone by our social environment. Without any attemps to challenge it. Thus they were denounced as scape-goats of our social structure, which delights in blaming itself for being advertisement-addicted
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Cui, Shuning. "L'essor des médias sociaux en Chine vu à travers le prisme des transformations sociétales : analyse de la naissance et du développement du cyber-espace chinois entre 1998 et 2016." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL036.
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Dans un pays comme la Chine, où fonctionne un régime politique de front unique du Parti communiste, le système médiatique est caractérisé par la propagande, la concordance des points de vue et le secret. Au fur et à mesure du développement d’Internet et des réseaux sociaux, les citoyens chinois, en particulier les jeunes, se sont saisis de cet espace public numérique pour échanger des opinions en tâchant de contourner les médias de masse dominants officiels. La mobilisation en ligne des citoyens suscite un nouveau phénomène socio-politique en Chine. Notre recherche porte sur les usages du Web par la génération post-80 et les représentations qui sous-tendent ses expressions et actions en ligne. En analysant soixante-neuf entretiens semi-directifs réalisés avec des internautes répartis en quatre catégories, nous avons observé leurs réactions vis-à-vis d’affaires publiques controversées. Nous avons particulièrement interrogé ces jeunes cyber-citoyens sur les quatre réactions possibles à la censure d’Internet : l’indifférence, le silence, l’autocensure, et surtout la résistance. Aujourd’hui, le cyberespace n’est pas seulement une plate-forme de propagande pour restaurer et maintenir l’autorité du Parti communiste, mais aussi un espace où les citoyens s’accordent ou s’opposent dans des conversations interminables en ligne et hors ligne. Cela peut pousser certaines organisations officielles ou non-gouvernementales à résoudre des problèmes sociaux et/ou politiques. Dans ce contexte, nous cherchons à analyser le rôle socio-politique de l’espace public numérique et à vérifier s’il pourrait être une variante de la sphère publique habermassienne et exercer une influence sur la démocratie électronique dans la Chine contemporaineIn China, the political regime is the united front, which supports, reinforces the leadership of the Communist Party and makes a media system characterised by secret, propaganda and unanimity of viewpoints. With the development of the Internet, Chinese citizens, especially the younger demographic, take advantage of the online public escape to express themselves and exchange ideas, by bypassing dominant mass media. The online mobilisation of Chinese citizens raises a new and interesting socio-political phenomenon. Therefore, our research will examine the web habits of the post-80's generation and to explore the representations that underly their online behaviour. From the analysis of semi-structured interviews carried out with 69 cyber citizens, which are classified by four categories, we observed their reactions to controversial public affairs. The analysis aims to identify four possible reactions to online censorship: indifferent attitudes, silence, self-censorship, and the resistance. It is noticeable that today cyberspace is not just a propaganda platform aimed at restoring and maintaining the Communist party’s authority, but also a wide-open space where citizens agree or disagree in endless controversies online and below the line. This may push some official or non-governmental organisations to solve social and/or political problems. In this context, we seek to analyse the socio-political role of the digital public space and to verify if it could be a variant of the Habermasian public sphere and influence e-democracy in contemporary China
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Fabregat, Aguiló Laura. "Les tendències de la novel·la catalana del segle XXI." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669415.
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Aquest estudi extreu les tendències literàries que sobresurten en el panorama novel·lístic en llengua catalana del segle XXI a partir de l’anàlisi de set eixos definidors i característics d'aquesta narrativa: la relació temàtica amb la crisi identitària, la incertesa i la manca de sentit general; la plasmació de la quotidianitat i el context immediat per mitjà de personatges amb actituds i patologies molt properes als individus coetanis; la inclusió normalitzada del fantàstic en textos de temàtica i ambientació realistes a través del gènere del realisme màgic o el neofantàstic; l’auge del mètode de la fragmentació discursiva mitjançant diverses tècniques que trenquen amb la coherència, la lògica i la uniformitat; l’increment en l’ús de la pràctica metaliterària, és a dir, aquella narrativa que es refereix a ella mateixa; la tendència creixent a l'elaboració de narracions d’autoficció, en què l'autor s'introdueix de manera parcial dintre de la història, generalment a partir de la primera persona narrativa, i la forta instauració del formalisme literari, que es fa visible en obres que avantatgen la forma (el com) al contingut (el què).Este estudio extrae las tendencias literarias que sobresalen en el panorama novelístico en lengua catalana del siglo XXI a partir del análisis de siete ejes definidores y característicos de esta narrativa: la relación temática con la crisis identitaria, la incertidumbre y la falta de sentido general; la plasmación de la cotidianidad y el contexto inmediato por medio de personajes con actitudes y patologías muy cercanas a los individuos coetáneos; la inclusión normalizada del fantástico en textos de temática y ambientación realistas a través del género del realismo mágico o el neofantástico; el auge del método de la fragmentación discursiva mediante diversas técnicas que rompen con la coherencia, la lógica y la uniformidad; el incremento en el uso de la práctica metaliteraria, es decir, aquella narrativa que se refiere a ella misma; la tendencia creciente a la elaboración de narraciones de autoficción, en que el autor se introduce de forma parcial dentro de la historia, generalmente a partir de la primera persona narrativa, y la fuerte instauración del formalismo literario, que se hace visible en obras que aventajan la forma (el cómo) al contenido (el qué).
This study extracts the literary trends that emerge in the 21st century Catalan-language novel scene from an analysis of seven defining and characteristic axes of this narrative: the thematic relation with the identity crisis, the uncertainty and the lack of general sense; the expression of everyday life and immediate context through characters with attitudes and pathologies which are very close to contemporary individuals; the normalized inclusion of the fantastic in texts of realistic topic and setting by the genre of magical realism or neofantastic; the rise of the method of discursive fragmentation through various techniques that break with consistency, logic and uniformity; the increase in the use of metaliterary practice, that is to say, the narrative that refers to itself; the growing tendency to elaborate autofiction narratives, in which the author is partially introduced into the story, usually from the first narrative person, and the strong implementing of literary formalism, which becomes visible in works that put the form (the how) before the content (the what).
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Noble, Fiona. "Post-transition transitions : childhood, performance and immigration in post-Franco Spanish cinema." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227226.
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Gharaati, Kopaei Mehran. "Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40759.
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The history of post-disaster reconstruction programs, especially in developing countries, is replete with the failure to provide safe-construction methods that can be sustained and repeated over time, in spite of the usually acclaimed success of these projects by those in charge. One key factor that results in this discrepancy is time; while the success of such projects is typically evaluated by the authorities through its tangible impact (such as physical development) at the end of the reconstruction program, the real impacts of the project can be known only in the long run. In other words, although it may seem to have gained success when it is over, the actual success or failure of a post-disaster program largely depends on intangible aspects such as awareness, preparedness, acceptance or rejection of preventive measures, and sustainability. The literature on organizing post-disaster reconstruction is abundant, though no clear consensus emerges; similarly, the literature on knowledge transfer and the embedding of tacit knowledge is rich. However, none applies to both domains. Focusing on the transfer of safe-construction knowledge in the case of the reconstruction program after the earthquake of Bam, Iran, three field studies at three periods of time were organized in Bam. The objective of these field studies was to observe the state of the modern and traditional construction knowledge prior to the earthquake, how new knowledge was disseminated during the directed reconstruction phase, and how much of that knowledge was internalized and translated into sustainable, operational tacit knowledge by the local builders. Based on the theories of knowledge transfer and emphasizing the great distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge, this study demonstrates that in the absence of local builders’ understanding of the principles of construction methods introduced to them, very little can be done in terms of assuring the repeatability of safe-construction practicL’historique des programmes de reconstruction après les catastrophes, particulièrement dans les pays en développement, est jalonné d’échecs. On semble être incapable d’offrir des méthodes de construction sécuritaires qui peuvent être maintenues et répétées à long terme, malgré les succès annoncés par ceux qui sont en charge de ces projets. Un facteur-clé qui explique cette différence d’opinions est le temps; alors que le succès de tels projets est habituellement évalué par les autorités en termes de son impact tangible (par exemple le développement physique) immédiatement après la fin du programme de développement, les impacts réels du projet ne peuvent être connus que sur le long terme. En d’autres mots, même s’il peut sembler couronné de succès lorsqu’il est terminé, le succès ou l’échec réel d’un programme de reconstruction après une catastrophe dépend largement d’aspects intangibles tels que la sensibilisation de la population, l’état de préparation, d’approbation ou de rejet des mesures préventives, et le respect des mesures d’une façon durable. Les ouvrages traitant de l’organisation de la reconstruction sont nombreux quoiqu’on n’arrive pas à un consensus; de même, les ouvrages traitant de la transmission des connaissances et de l’ancrage des connaissances tacites sont riches. Cependant, aucun ne s’applique aux deux domaines. En se penchant sur le transfert des connaissances portant sur les méthodes de construction sécuritaire à la suite du programme de reconstruction après le tremblement de terre de Bam en Iran, trois études sur le terrain, s’échelonnant sur trois périodes de temps distinctes, furent réalisées. L’objectif de ces études fut d’observer l’état des connaissances sur la construction moderne et traditionnelle avant le tremblement de terre, comment les nouvelles connaissances ont été diffusées pendant la phase de reconstruction, et quelle fut la$
Books on the topic "Post-'80"
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Ambrosini, Marcello. Post-industriale: La scena italiana anni '80. Firenze: Goodfellas, 2016.
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La retorica dell'arte contemporanea: Collis & Milazzo e la svolta post-neo-concettuale dell'arte negli anni '80. Pasian di Prato (Udine): Campanotto, 2011.
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Jing yu , tai du yu she hui zhuan xing: 80 hou qing nian de she hui xue yan jiu = Experience, Attitudes and Social Transition : A Sociological Sutdy of the Post-80's Generation. Beijing Shi: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2013.
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Press, Closson, ed. A complete directory of Crawford County, Pennsylvania, 1879-80: By cities, townships, and boroughs, giving the name, residence, occupation, and post office address of every citizen. Apollo, PA: Closson Press, 1998.
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Khadzhebiekov, R. G. Respublika Adygei͡a︡: Problemy reformirovanii͡a︡ obshchestva, 80-90-e gody. Maĭkop: Adygeĭskoe respublikanskoe knizhnoe izd-vo, 1997.
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Boevoĭ post--na magistrali︠a︡kh: 80 let transportnoĭ milit︠s︡ii. Saratov: Letopisʹ, 1999.
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Mustaafa. 80's Story: The Struggles of the African American Mind Post Civil Rights Movement. AuthorHouse, 2011.
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Priftize, Artazn. Notebook: Post Malone Lined Notebook Journal 102 Pages - Great for Teenage Girls Boys Adults; School Lined Style #80. Independently Published, 2020.
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Martin, Peter, and Nick Crossley. Networks of Sound, Style and Subversion: The Punk and Post-Punk Worlds of Manchester, London, Liverpool and Sheffield, 1975-80. Manchester University Press, 2015.
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Networks of Sound, Style and Subversion: The Punk and Post-Punk Worlds of Manchester, London, Liverpool and Sheffield, 1975-80. Manchester University Press, 2015.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Post-'80"
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Omara-Otunnu, Amii. "The Post-Military Regimes and the Return to Civilian Rule (1979–80)." In Politics and the Military in Uganda, 1890–1985, 145–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18736-2_12.
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Taylor, Antony. "Post-Chartism: Metropolitan Perspectives on the Chartist Movement in Decline 1848–80." In London Politics, 1760–1914, 75–96. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230522794_5.
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Wang, Ya-rong, Jing-ya An, and Zi Yang. "Investigation on Work Stress and Effective Coping Style Among Post-80 S Generation." In Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 2014, 509–13. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-102-4_103.
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Certomà, Chiara. "Post-environmentalism." In Essential Concepts of Global Environmental Governance, 198–99. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367816681-80.
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Mann, Shaun. "Tourism as a development option: perspectives from the World Bank." In Tourism in development: reflective essays, 49–61. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242812.0005.
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Abstract This chapter reflects primarily on the supply-side issues and on the reality of successfully harnessing tourism and achieving desired impacts in developing countries. Specifically, drawing on the experiences of the past three decades as well as a cohort of over 80 World Bank Group tourism-related lending and advisory projects between 2000 and 2019 in 62 countries, the chapter highlights lessons and ex-post evaluations and observations drawn from these projects and the consequential dialogues with governments and the private sector. It also suggests some guiding principles for tourism development activities going forward. In addition, the demand-side is examined from the perspective of the influencers of changing demand patterns and distribution channels, such as global value chains and disruptive technologies, and the effects they are having on destinations and their ability to respond.
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Suzuki, Yoshitaka. "Hierarchies and Federations in the Post-war Era." In Japanese Management Structures, 1920–80, 75–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21200-2_4.
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Suzuki, Yoshitaka. "New Companies in the Post-War Mass Market." In Japanese Management Structures, 1920–80, 243–323. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21200-2_8.
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Ruder, Bonnie, and Alice Emasu. "The Promise and Neglect of Follow-up Care in Obstetric Fistula Treatment in Uganda." In Global Maternal and Child Health, 37–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84514-8_3.
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AbstractConsidered the most severe of maternal morbidities, obstetric fistula is a debilitating childbirth injury that results in complete incontinence with severe physical and psychosocial consequences.The primary intervention for women with obstetric fistula is surgical repair, and success rates for repair are reported between 80% and 97%. However, successful treatment is commonly defined solely by the closure of the fistula defect and often fails to capture women who continue to experience urinary incontinence after repair. Residual incontinence post-fistula repair is both underreported and under-examined in the literature. Through a novel mixed-method study that examined clinical, quantitative, and qualitative aspects of residual incontinence post-repair, this chapter draws on in-depth interviews with women suffering with residual incontinence and fistula surgeons, participant observation, and a desk review of fistula policies and guidelines to argue that an inadequate model of fistula treatment that neglects follow-up care exists. We found that obstetric fistula policy has been determined in large part over the years by international development agencies and funding organizations, such as international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). We argue that the neglect in follow-up care is evident in fistula policy and can be traced to a donor-funded treatment model that fails to prioritize and fund follow-up care as an essential component of fistula treatment, instead focusing on a “narrative of success” in fistula treatment. As a result, poor outcomes are underreported and women who experience poor outcomes are largely erased from the fistula narrative. This erasure has limited the attention, resources, research, and dedicated to residual incontinence, leaving out women suffering from residual incontinence largely without alternative treatment options.
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van Zutphen, Kesso Gabrielle, Dominique Barjolle, Sophie van den Berg, Breda Gavin-Smith, Klaus Kraemer, Capucine Musard, Helen Prytherch, Johan Six, Simon Winter, and Kris Woltering. "Secondary Cities as Catalysts for Nutritious Diets in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." In Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 305–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_16.
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AbstractThe world is facing a malnutrition crisis in the midst of rising rates of urbanization; more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a number that is expected to reach two-thirds by 2050, consuming 80% of the world’s food. Instead of the development of existing cities into ‘mega-cities,’ urbanization is creating a patchwork of smaller urban areas. In 2018, close to half of the world’s urban residents lived in settlements or towns with less than 500,000 inhabitants. These settlements are classified as secondary cities and are, in terms of population, the fastest growing urban areas. Poor diets among city inhabitants are the consequence of a combination of forces. These include changes in types of occupation, particularly for women; food-environment factors; shifts in norms and attitudes regarding food; globalization of food supply chains; lack of infrastructure; post-harvest food loss and waste, etc. Secondary cities offer entry points for food system transformation. Secondary cities are characterized by strong urban-rural linkages and the opportunity for localized food production and consumption. These cities could also play a key role in enhancing resilience to food security shocks. This chapter discusses the challenge of the growing triple burden of malnutrition in urban contexts and argues for the important role of secondary cities in transforming urban food systems. Through three case studies of secondary cities in LMICs, these cities are shown as emerging players in nutrition-centered food system interventions.
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Takahara, Akio. "Wage Adjustment, 1979–80, and Enterprise Profit Retention Policy, 1979–Spring 1981." In The Politics of Wage Policy in Post-Revolutionary China, 78–100. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11708-6_6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Post-'80"
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Wang, Qun, and Man Yang. "Effective management of the “post-80, post-90” staffs: based on the intergenerational conflict of values perspective." In International Conference of Information Science and Management Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/isme20141712.
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Lu, Jerry, Boster Wang, Frank F. Chen, Orion Wang, Jomarch Chou, Orson Lin, Jackie Cheng, Ellison Chen, and Paul Yu. "Study of chromeless mask quartz defect detection capability for 80-nm post structure." In 26th Annual BACUS Symposium on Photomask Technology, edited by Patrick M. Martin and Robert J. Naber. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.685660.
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Důbravová, Kateřina, and Josef Kunc. "Průmyslová struktura ČSR na konci 80. let: Milník k post-socialistické transformaci urbánního prostředí." In XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-20.
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In CSR, industry had an immediate impact on the urban environment of Czech cities, not only during the Industrial Revolution and interwar period, but also during the socialist era. The aim of the paper is to analyze and interpret the differences in the spatial and sectoral structure of industrial production with a focus on the urban environment. Industrial production was analyzed from three points of view: i) the share of industries on employment in districts, ii) largest employers in regional centres, and iii) individual industries in regional centres (the specialization index was calculated). The results have shown the most significant increase in the share of employees in industry in the 1950s and 1960s as a part of the so-called socialist industrialization. During the 1970s and 1980s, industry was losing its relative share, but it kept growing in absolute terms until 1989. In the late 1980s, there were 10 districts with the share of industry on total employment larger than 50%, and in three districts over 60%. Based on the specialization index, four regional centres became very specialized at the time: Karlovy Vary (glass and building materials industry), Ústí nad Labem and Pardubice (chemical and rubber industry), and Olomouc (food industry).
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Fuller, R., and R. V. Devireddy. "Directional Cooling of Adult Stem Cells." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13490.
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The effect of directional cooling on the immediate post thaw membrane integrity of adipose tissue derived adult stem cells (ASCs) was investigated using a directional solidification stage (DSS). ASCs were cooled at either 1, 5, 20 or 40 °C/min to an end temperature of −80°C in the presence and absence of a cryoprotective agent (dimethylsulfoxide, DMSO). After freezing to -80°C, the samples were thawed at 200°C/min and the ability of the frozen/thawed ASCs to exclude fluorescent dyes was assessed. ASCs frozen using the DSS in the presence of 0.85M (or 10% v/v) DMSO were found to have a higher post-thaw cell membrane integrity (confidence level of 99%) when compared with the ASCs frozen in its absence. Intriguingly, a comparison with corresponding data for ASCs that were frozen using a commercially available controlled rate freezer (CRF) suggests that the directionally cooled ASCs (both in the absence and presence of DMSO) exhibit a significantly lower post-thaw cell membrane integrity (confidence level of 95%). This lowering of post-thaw cell membrane integrity for ASCs frozen using the DSS is postulated to be related to the differences in the nature, and the associated damaging effects, of ice crystals formed in the DSS vs. the commercial freezer.
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Wallner, Thomas W., Andrew D. Oliver, and Paul L. Bergstrom. "Scribe-and-Break for Post Release MEMS Die Separation." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61667.
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We describe a post release die separation process for polysilicon surface micromachines using a combination of diamond scribing and breaking. The process resulted in yields above 80% for two types of electrostatic actuators. The paper describes the experimental apparatus and optimization of the process using a four parameter design of experiments. We determined that the two key parameters in the scribe-and-break process are the scribe force and the scribe angle. We also examined the theory of crack creation during the scribing process and determined experimentally that the crack depth in silicon is consistent with the theory developed for the scribing of glass.
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Hill, J. K., R. M. Cheatham, and C. G. Jensen. "A Benchmark Comparison of Curvature Matched Machining versus Three- and Five-Axis Machining Methods Applied to Industrial Part Surfaces." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/dac-34090.
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Parts representing the aerospace, automotive, and power generation industries were machined using Curvature Matched Machining, Sturz milling, and traditional 3-axis ball-end methods. The performance of these methods were compared using the benchmarks of tool path length, surface finish, and post-machining finishing time. Curvature Matched Machining proved to be superior method for the parts studied. Significant reductions in tool path length were observed (over 80% in some instances). Improvements were also realized in surface finish and post-machining operations.
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Guimarães, Antonio, Diego F. Aranha, and Edson Borin. "Optimizing the Decoding Process of a Post-Quantum Cryptographic Algorithm." In XVIII Simpósio em Sistemas Computacionais de Alto Desempenho. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wscad.2017.247.
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QcBits is a state-of-the-art constant-time implementation of a code-based encryption scheme for post-quantum public key cryptography. This paper presents an optimized version of its decoding process, which is used for message decryption. Our implementation leverages SSE and AVX instructions extensions and performs 3.6 to 4.8 times faster than the original version, while preserving the 80-bit security level and constant time execution. We also provide experimental data that indicates a further 1.4-factor speedup supposing the existence of instructions for vectorial conditional moves and 256-bit register shifts. Finally, we implemented countermeasures for side-channel security and showed that they do not affect the overall performance.
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Baird, Robert D., and William F. Newberry. "Financial Risks of Post-Closure Custodial Care for the Barnwell Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16155.
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This paper reports evaluations of the adequacy of the Barnwell Extended Care Fund in light of identified risks, with the conclusion that the fund is sufficient to cover the costs and uncertainties associated with planned post-closure care of the Barnwell, South Carolina low-level radioactive waste disposal facility. It reviews background information pertinent to the facility’s post-closure monitoring and maintenance and describes financial responsibility for post-closure activities. It identifies and briefly characterizes the activities planned to be conducted following facility closure and presents the mid-range estimate of planned post-closure costs. The paper identifies and quantifies sources of uncertainty in activities and costs planned for post-closure care and presents 50-, 80-, and 95-percent confidence levels of planned costs. The fund is currently sufficient to cover some but not all of the costs that might be incurred as a result of unplanned events. The paper identifies, characterizes, and quantifies unplanned events, possible consequences, and probabilities of occurrence. The paper presents costs that might be incurred in responding to the unplanned initiating events and identifies levels of confidence that the fund is adequate to cover such costs.
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Babiker, M. H., L. F. Gonzalez, B. Chong, and D. H. Frakes. "Simulating the Effects of Embolic Coils on Cerebral Aneurysm Fluid Dynamics Using Finite Element Modeling." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14417.
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Endovascular coiling is the most common treatment for cerebral aneurysms. The treatment consists of deploying coils of different shapes and sizes into the aneurysm with the intent of reducing blood flow therein. While the treatment has been shown to be more effective than conventional surgical methods, it is successful in only 50–80% of cases, depending on the type of aneurysm [1]. Treatment success has been correlated with favorable post-treatment hemodynamics [2]. Understanding of the effects of coils on post-treatment hemodynamics is limited, however, due to limited in-vivo and in-vitro flow measurement techniques. Previous computational studies have also suffered from drastic assumptions about coil geometry.
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Ariyawansha, C., and M. Francis. "Cost overrun factors in pre-contract and post-contract stages: A critical analysis." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.22.
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“Cost overrun” is considered as an unavoidable phenomenon in the construction industry. Despite the professional effort and adaptation of advanced technologies, still the construction industry experiences cost overruns. Especially, among many stakeholders, contracting organizations are one of the key stakeholders that would be highly affected by the construction cost overrun. Poor coordination between the pre & post-contract stages in the contracting organizations has been a critical issue over many decades which leads to cost overruns. Professionals involved in the pre-contract stage have not possessed the knowledge regarding the significance of the cost overrun factors that may appear in the post-contract stage and vice versa. Therefore, this research aims to comparatively analyze the significance of cost overrun factors in the pre & postcontract stages in Sri Lankan construction projects from the perspective of industry professionals. A total of 5 semi-structured interviews were conducted among professionals who have experience in cost estimation and post-contract cost management in contracting organization to categorize the selected cost overrun factors into pre-contract and/or post-contract stages. Then, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the significance of those categorized cost overrun factors. A total of 80 responses were collected from the questionnaire survey and the data were analyzed using statistical analysis. Then the quantitative data was analyzed using the Mann- Whitney U-Test. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test concluded that there is a statistically significant difference between the perspective of professionals involved in the pre & post-contract stage.
Reports on the topic "Post-'80"
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Varma, Amit H., Jan Olek, Christopher S. Williams, Tzu-Chun Tseng, Dan Huang, and Tom Bradt. Post-Fire Assessment of Prestressed Concrete Bridges in Indiana. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317290.
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This project focused on evaluating the effects of fire-induced damage on concrete bridge elements, including prestressed concrete bridge girders. A series of controlled heating experiments, pool fire tests, material tests, and structural loading tests were conducted. Experimental results indicate that the portion of concrete subjected to temperatures higher than 400°C loses significant amounts of calcium hydroxide (CH). Decomposition of CH increases porosity and causes significant cracking. The portion of concrete exposed to temperatures higher than 400°C should be repaired or replaced. When subjected to ISO-834 standard fire heating, approximately 0.25 in. and 0.75 in. of concrete from the exposed surface are damaged after 40 minutes and 80 minutes of heating, respectively. Prestressed concrete girders exposed to about 50 minutes of hydrocarbon fire undergo superficial concrete material damage with loss of CH and extensive cracking and spalling extending to the depth of 0.75–1.0 in. from the exposed surface. These girders do not undergo significant reduction in flexural strength or shear strength. The reduction in the initial stiffness may be notable due to concrete cracking and spalling. Bridge inspectors can use these findings to infer the extent of material and structural damage to prestressed concrete bridge girders in the event of a fire and develop a post-fire assessment plan.
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Matsuo, Hideko, and Koen Matthijs. The life course and subjective well-being across generations – an analysis based on cross-national surveys (2002–2016). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res4.2.
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This paper identifies subjective well-being trajectories through happiness measures as influenced by time, socio-economic, demographic and behavioural determinants. Hierarchical age-period-cohort models are applied to European Social Survey (2002–2016) data on the population aged 30 and older in 10 countries. A U-shaped relationship between age and happiness is found for some countries, but a rather flat pattern and considerable diversity beyond age 80 are detected for other countries. Lower happiness levels are found for baby boomers (1945–1964) than for preboomers and post-boomers, and also for late boomers (1955–1964) than for early boomers (1945–1954). Women, highly educated and native people are shown to have higher happiness levels than men, less educated and non-native people, respectively. Moreover, a positive assessment of income, having a partner, and being a parent, in good health, employed and socially active are all found to have a positive impact on happiness levels. We find evidence of gaps in happiness levels due to differences in socio-economic characteristics over the life course in some, but not in all of the countries analysed.
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Harpaz, Sheenan, Steven G. Hughes, and Pinhas Lindner. Optimization of Diet for Post Larvel/Juvenile Sea Bass and Hybrid Stripped Bass Based on Enzymatic Profiles of their Digestive Tracts. United States Department of Agriculture, December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604924.bard.
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The overall goal of this research work was to identify the main proteolytic activities which take place in the digestive tracts of young bass fish, and use the knowledge acquired in order to improve feed protein utilization in juvenile fish based on their digestive capacity. The results of the work clearly showed that the young fish possess the entire profile of proteolytic enzymes which is found in adult fish. Yet, in the young fish the level of activity is substantially lower per gram tissue (or gram protein) as compared with the activity found in the digestive tracts of the same fish at an older (larger) age. In addition it was found that the main proteolytic enzyme in these fish is chymotrypsin which accounts for almost 80% of the proteolytic activity. An effort aimed at enhancing this activity has lead to the interesting finding that alcohol substantially enhances the proteolytic activity of fish intestines. Fish intestinal homogenates were used in order to evaluate the suitability of various feeds for the fish. Potential feed proteins were subjected to the proteolytic activity of the fish enzymes in vitro, in a manner simulating the natural process. The proteolytic activity was monitored by the valuation of the products, i.e. amino acid released. This method has proven to be a powerful tool which enables us to predict with a very high degree of accuracy the potential of a feed to promote growth. Selection of feed based on the proteolytic capacity of the fish degestive tracts can now be implemented in feed formulation, as anticipated in the original research proposal.
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Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Jennifer MacLachlan, Benjamin Cowie, and Gregory J. Dore. Population-level interventions to improve the health outcomes of people living with hepatitis B: an Evidence Check brokered by the Sax Institute for the NSW Ministry of Health, 2022. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/pxwj3682.
Full textAbstract:
Background An estimated 292 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally, including 223,000 people in Australia. HBV diagnosis and linkage of people living with HBV to clinical care is suboptimal in Australia, with 27% of people living with HBV undiagnosed and 77% not receiving regular HBV clinical care. This systematic review aimed to characterize population-level interventions implemented to enhance all components of HBV care cascade and analyse the effectiveness of interventions. Review questions Question 1: What population-level interventions, programs or policy approaches have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B; and that may not yet be fully rolled out or evaluated in Australia demonstrate early effectiveness, or promise, in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B? Question 2: What population-level interventions and/or programs are effective at reducing disease burden for people in the community with hepatitis B? Methods Four bibliographic databases and 21 grey literature sources were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the study population included people with or at risk of chronic HBV, and the study conducted a population-level interventions to decrease HBV incidence or disease burden or to enhance any components of HBV care cascade (i.e., diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment initiation, adherence to clinical care), or HBV vaccination coverage. Studies published in the past 10 years (since January 2012), with or without comparison groups were eligible for inclusion. Studies conducting an HBV screening intervention were eligible if they reported proportion of people participating in screening, proportion of newly diagnosed HBV (participant was unaware of their HBV status), proportion of people received HBV vaccination following screening, or proportion of participants diagnosed with chronic HBV infection who were linked to HBV clinical care. Studies were excluded if study population was less than 20 participants, intervention included a pharmaceutical intervention or a hospital-based intervention, or study was implemented in limited clinical services. The records were initially screened by title and abstract. The full texts of potentially eligible records were reviewed, and eligible studies were selected for inclusion. For each study included in analysis, the study outcome and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. For studies including a comparison group, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95%CIs were calculated. Random effect meta-analysis models were used to calculate the pooled study outcome estimates. Stratified analyses were conducted by study setting, study population, and intervention-specific characteristics. Key findings A total of 61 studies were included in the analysis. A large majority of studies (study n=48, 79%) included single-arm studies with no concurrent control, with seven (12%) randomised controlled trials, and six (10%) non-randomised controlled studies. A total of 109 interventions were evaluated in 61 included studies. On-site or outreach HBV screening and linkage to HBV clinical care coordination were the most frequent interventions, conducted in 27 and 26 studies, respectively. Question 1 We found no studies reporting HBV incidence as the study outcome. One study conducted in remote area demonstrated that an intervention including education of pregnant women and training village health volunteers enhanced coverage of HBV birth dose vaccination (93% post-intervention, vs. 81% pre-intervention), but no data of HBV incidence among infants were reported. Question 2 Study outcomes most relevant to the HBV burden for people in the community with HBV included, HBV diagnosis, linkage to HBV care, and HBV vaccination coverage. Among randomised controlled trials aimed at enhancing HBV screening, a meta-analysis was conducted including three studies which implemented an intervention including community face-to-face education focused on HBV and/or liver cancer among migrants from high HBV prevalence areas. This analysis demonstrated a significantly higher HBV testing uptake in intervention groups with the likelihood of HBV testing 3.6 times higher among those participating in education programs compared to the control groups (OR: 3.62, 95% CI 2.72, 4.88). In another analysis, including 25 studies evaluating an intervention to enhance HBV screening, a pooled estimate of 66% of participants received HBV testing following the study intervention (95%CI: 58-75%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 17-98%; I-square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV screening strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing participants with on-site HBV testing, the proportion receiving HBV testing (80%, 95%CI: 72-87%) was significantly higher compared to the studies referring participants to an external site for HBV testing (54%, 95%CI: 37-71%). In the studies implementing an intervention to enhance linkage of people diagnosed with HBV infection to clinical care, the interventions included different components and varied across studies. The most common component was post-test counselling followed by assistance with scheduling clinical appointments, conducted in 52% and 38% of the studies, respectively. In meta-analysis, a pooled estimate of 73% of people with HBV infection were linked to HBV clinical care (95%CI: 64-81%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 28-100%; I-square: 99.2%). A stratified analysis by study population demonstrated that in the studies among general population in high prevalence countries, 94% of people (95%CI: 88-100%) who received the study intervention were linked to care, significantly higher than 72% (95%CI: 61-83%) in studies among migrants from high prevalence area living in a country with low prevalence. In 19 studies, HBV vaccination uptake was assessed after an intervention, among which one study assessed birth dose vaccination among infants, one study assessed vaccination in elementary school children and 17 studies assessed vaccination in adults. Among studies assessing adult vaccination, a pooled estimate of 38% (95%CI: 21-56%) of people initiated vaccination, with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 0.5-93%; I square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV vaccination strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing on-site vaccination, the uptake was 78% (95%CI: 62-94%), significantly higher compared to 27% (95%CI: 13-42%) in studies referring participants to an external site for vaccination. Conclusion This systematic review identified a wide variety of interventions, mostly multi-component interventions, to enhance HBV screening, linkage to HBV clinical care, and HBV vaccination coverage. High heterogeneity was observed in effectiveness of interventions in all three domains of screening, linkage to care, and vaccination. Strategies identified to boost the effectiveness of interventions included providing on-site HBV testing and vaccination (versus referral for testing and vaccination) and including community education focussed on HBV or liver cancer in an HBV screening program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of more novel interventions (e.g., point of care testing) and interventions specifically including Indigenous populations, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and people incarcerated.