Relevant bibliographies by topics / Positivism

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Academic literature on the topic 'Positivism'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Positivism"

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Bukhori, K. A. "Pergeseran Paradigma Hukum." Medina-Te : Jurnal Studi Islam 14, no. 1 (July 16, 2018): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/medinate.v14i1.2353.

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Positivists may declare that metaphysics (transcendental) is dead, but now it is logical positivism that first died. It is remarkable that the era of Muslim, Jewish and Christian theist thinkers is now again engaged in a vast exploration of the idea of "God's hypothesis." This paper will try to describe the law and spiritualism. The study of law here is meant to describe law or law through the approach of historical perspective, namely in the era of positivism that gave birth to modern law in liberal society. At such times spiritual values which include: moral ethics and religion are not in place so that modern law experiences a spiritual crisis. In its development, there emerged a positivist critical thinking movement which sought to escape and sue positivist thought. Positivis boleh saja mengumumkan bahwa metafisika (transcendental) sudah mati, akan tetapi kini justru positivisme logislah yang duluan mati. Sangat menarik perhatian bahwa era pemikir teisme dari Muslim, Yahudi dan Kristen kini kembali terlibat dalam eksplorasi yang sangat luas terhadap gagasan “hipotesis Tuhan”. Tulisan ini akan mencoba menggambarkan hukum dan spiritualisme. Kajian hukum di sini dimaksudkan untuk menggambarkan hukum atau ilmu hukum melalui pendekatan perspektif historis, yakni pada era positivisme yang melahirkan hukum modern pada masyarakat liberal. Pada saat semacam itu nilai-nilai spiritual yang meliputi: etika moral dan agama tidak mendapat tempat sehingga hukum modern mengalami krisis spiritual. Dalam perkembangannya kemudian muncul gerakan pemikiran kritis yang post positivis yang berupaya untuk melepaskan diri dan menggugat pemikiran positivis.
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Ferreira, Sónia Mairos. "Dos processos aos produtos de investigação: três propostas de avaliação de estudos científicos não positivistas." Revista Pesquisa Qualitativa 6, no. 12 (December 24, 2018): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.33361/rpq.2018.v.6.n.12.165.

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Resumo: O presente artigo constitui uma reflexão crítica acerca dos desafios e possibilidades que se colocam, na contemporaneidade, à avaliação da qualidade de investigação científica, quando esta se desenvolve segundo orientações de matriz não positivista. No âmbito da prossecução deste propósito a primeira rubrica contém uma breve síntese das (in)suficiências, reportadas na literatura, no que respeita ao positivismo e, também, às propostas alternativas defendidas pelos/as seus/suas críticos/as. A rubrica seguinte sintetiza três tendências de apreciação da qualidade de estudos científicos não positivistas, apontando as particularidades que assumem, assim como as divergências que possuem, em relação ao positivismo e, igualmente, entre si.Palavras-chave: Conhecimento científico; Investigação (não) positivista; Avaliação. From processes to research products: three proposals of evaluation of non-positivistic scientific studiesAbstract: This article is a critical reflection on the challenges and opportunities that arise, in contemporaneity, to the evaluation of the quality of scientific research, when it develops accordingly to non-positivist guidelines. In pursuing this purpose the first rubric contains a brief overview of the (in)sufficiencies, reported in the literature, regarding positivism and, also, to alternative proposals advocated by its critics. The following rubric synthesizes three trends of assessing the quality of non-positivist scientific studies, pointing out the particularities they assume, as well as the major differences from positivism and from each other.Keywords:
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Nottelmann, Nikolaj. "Om positivisme og objektivisme i samfundsvidenskaberne." Dansk Sociologi 28, no. 3 (October 15, 2017): 9–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v28i3.5640.

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”Positivisme” hører til de mest kontroversielle og mangetydige termer i moderne debatter om samfundsvidenskabelig metode. Bredt anvendte lærebøger er på én gang ofte uklare og voldsomt indbyrdes uenige angående positivismens metafysiske, erkendelsmæssige og ideologiske forpligtelser. Denne artikel leverer en receptionshistorisk behandling af positivismen fra dens dobbelte udspring i det 19. århundredes franske og tyske filosofi frem til i dag. Hermed kortlægges en række væsentlige historiske omforståelser og misforståelser som baggrund for nutidens begrebsforvirring. Det påvises efterfølgende, at forskellige positivistiske retningers forhold til videnskabelig objektivisme er en temmelig kompleks og varieret affære. Det er således ufrugtbart at behandle samfundsvidenskabelig positivisme og objektivisme under ét, sådan som det ofte gøres. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Nikolaj Nottelmann: On positivism and objectivism in thesocial sciences “Positivism” ranks among the most controversial and polysemous terms in modern social scientific methodological discourses. Widely used textbooks in the social sciences are often unclear and mutually inconsistent in their mapping of positivism’s metaphysical, epistemological, and ideological commitments. This article offers a reception history, tracing positivism from its dual roots in 19th century French and German philosophy of science to the present day. The article points out several eventful historical reinterpretations and misinterpretations responsible for the current conceptual confusion. Then the article explains how various positivistic currents have very different and complex relations to scientific objectivism. Thus, despite common practice, it is unfruitful to treat social scientific positivism and objectivism under one heading. Keywords: Positivism; Objectivism; Phenomenalism; Logical Empiricism; Critical Theory
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Cristi, Miguel Antonio Ahumada. "Los métodos positivista y fenomenológico, una explicación desde las ciencias naturales y sociales." Revista Pesquisa Qualitativa 6, no. 12 (December 24, 2018): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.33361/rpq.2018.v.6.n.12.219.

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Resumen: En ciencias sociales, históricamente han predominado, en teoría y práctica, dos perspectivas metodológicas: durante el siglo XIX, y en la primera parte del XX, tuvo predominio el positivismo, cuyo método deductivo echó raíces en la metodología cuantitativa. Sin embargo, desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, los estudios fenomenológicos –que utilizan un método inductivo asociado a la metodología cualitativa– ganaron predominio. En este artículo nos proponemos describir y comprender las bases teóricas, provenientes de las ciencias naturales y de la filosofía, que sustentan al enfoque positivista y que sostienen parte importante del argumento de la perspectiva fenomenológica.Palabras clave: Positivismo; Fenomenología; Ciencias Naturales y Sociales. The positivist and phenomenological methods, an explanation from the natural and social sciences Abstract: In Social Studies, they have historically predominated in theory and practice, two methodological perspectives. During the XIX and the early XX century, positivism had predominance, whose deductive method took root in quantitative methodology. However, since the second half of the XX century, phenomenological studies – which use an inductive method associated to the qualitative methodology – won predominance. In this article, we propose to describe the theoretical bases, from natural science and philosophy, which support the positivist approach and hold an important part of the phenomenological perspective argument. Keywords: Positivism; Phenomenology; Natural and social science. Os métodos positivista e fenomenológico, uma explicação desde as ciências da natureza e sociaisResumo: Em ciências sociais, historicamente tem predominado, na teoria e prática, duas perspectivas metodológicas: durante o século XIX, e na primeira metade do XX, teve predomínio o positivismo, cujo método dedutivo forjou raízes na metodologia quantitativa. No entanto, desde a segunda metade do século XX, os estudos fenomenológicos – que utilizam um método indutivo associado à metodologia qualitativa – tomaram predomínio. Neste artigo nos propomos descrever e compreender as bases teóricas, provenientes das ciências da natureza e humanas, que dão sustento ao enfoque positivista e que fundamentam, também, uma parte importante da perspectiva fenomenológica.Palavras-chave: Positivismo; Fenomenologia; Ciências Naturais e Sociais.
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Arias Castillo, Tomás A., and Luis Alfonso Herrera Orellana. "Positivismo jurídico, Estado de Derecho y libertad: una propuesta de formulación = Legal Positivism, Rule of Law and Freedom: A Proposal for Formulating." EUNOMÍA. Revista en Cultura de la Legalidad, no. 16 (March 29, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/eunomia.2019.4692.

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Resumen: En el presente trabajo se exploran las posibles vías de conexión entre el positivismo jurídico, el liberalismo clásico y el Estado de Derecho, tarea que siempre se ha visto dificultada por la visión antipositivista de los autores liberales. En tal sentido, se analizan y responden las críticas antipositivistas con el propósito de mostrar la compatibilidad entre el positivismo jurídico y el ideal del Estado de Derecho. Palabras clave: Liberalismo clásico, positivismo jurídico, Estado de Derecho, separación entre derecho y moral, fuentes sociales del derecho.Abstract: This article explores possible connections between legal positivism, classical liberalism and the rule of law, a task that has been obstructed by the anti-positivist vision of liberal authors. In that sense, anti-positivists critics are analyzed and contested with the purpose of showing the compatibility between legal positivism and the rule of law ideal. Keywords: Classical liberalism, legal positivism, rule of law, separation between law and morals, social sources of the law.
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Gomes, Maysa. "Educação, sociabilidade e atuação: o positivismo como processo de organização política, social e educacional (Minas Gerais, fins do século XIX, início do XX) / Education, sociability and action: positivism as an organization process political, social and educational (Minas Gerais, 19TH and 20th century)." Revista de História e Historiografia da Educação 2, no. 4 (February 6, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rhhe.v2i4.53115.

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No Brasil, como em outros países da América Latina, o positivismo se fez presente na vida social, política e educacional. Embora com propósitos semelhantes, as experiências foram alçadas de modo diferenciado, mobilizando atores, agentes políticos, professores e redes de relacionamentos e sociabilidades. No caso brasileiro, a imbricação República e Positivismo levou a proposições políticas e educacionais promovidas por diversos agentes e em diferentes estados do país. Neste sentido, ressaltamos a disseminação do positivismo no Brasil no âmbito de diversas escolas e os professores como agentes, além de seu desígnio essencialmente educador. A atuação de grupos políticos e professores viabilizou a expansão de propostas derivadas do pensamento comtiano e a execução de projetos impulsionados pelo apelo à ordem e ao progresso, ao desenvolvimento dos homens e da sociedade. Este artigo analisa as formulações positivistas para a educação e para as relações sociais contidas em algumas obras de Comte e do Apostolado Positivista do Brasil e suas relações com os processos desenvolvidos por seus seguidores em terras brasileiras, em fins do século XIX, início do XX, particularmente em Minas Gerais.* * *In Brazil, as in other Latin American countries, positivism was present in social, political and educational life. Although for similar purposes, the experiences were raised in a differentiated way, mobilizing actors, political agents, professors and networks of relationships and sociabilities. In the Brazilian case, the imbrication Republic and Positivism led to political and educational propositions promoted by different agents and in different states of the country. In this sense, we emphasize the dissemination of positivism in Brazil within the framework of several schools and teachers as agents, in addition to their essentially educative purpose. The work of political groups and teachers enabled the expansion of proposals derived from Comte thought and the execution of projects driven by the call to order and progress, to the development of men and society. This article analyzes the positivist formulations for education and social relations contained in some works of Comte and the Positivist Apostolate of Brazil and their relations with the processes developed by their followers in Brazilian lands in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in Minas Gerais.
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Hasanah, Ulfatun. "Kontribusi Pemikiran Auguste Comte (Positivisme) Terhadap Dasar Pengembangan Ilmu Dakwah." Al-I'lam: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam 2, no. 2 (March 30, 2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jail.v2i1.1261.

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Abstrak:Auguste Comte (1798-1857) merupakan seorang filsuf dari Perancis penggagas dari aliran positivisme. Istilah ini mulai digunakan Comte pada karyanya “Cours de Philosophic Positive”. Di samping sebagai seorang filsuf, Auguste Comte juga mendapat sebutan sebagai “Bapak Sosiologi Modern”. Positivisme merupakan aliran pemikiran yang menekankan validitas data secara empirik-verifikatif, sehingga pengetahuan inderawi dijadikan sebagai satu-satunya norma bagi kegiatan ilmiah. Meskipun banyak kritik, tentunya sebagai hasil filsafat, positivisme Auguste Comte ini sangat berperan penting pada perkembangan ilmu-ilmu pengetahuan lain seperti ilmu dakwah. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa sumbangan positivime Auguste Comte terhadap pengembangan ilmu dakwah dari aspek ontologi, epistomologi, dan aksiologi. Abstract:Auguste Comte (1798-1857) was a French philosopher who initiated the flow of positivism. This term began to be used by Comte in his work "Cours de Philosophic Positive". Aside from being a philosopher, Auguste Comte also received the title as "Father of Modern Sociology". Positivism is a school of thought that emphasizes the validity of data empirically-verification, so that sensory knowledge is used as the only norm for scientific activity. Despite many criticisms, of course, as a result of philosophy, Auguste Comte's positivism was very important in the development of other sciences such as da'wah. The results of this study are in the form of the contribution of Auguste Comte's positivime to the development of da'wah from the aspects of ontology, epistomology, and axiology.
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Maksimović, Jelena, and Jelena Evtimov. "Positivism and post-positivism as the basis of quantitative research in pedagogy." Research in Pedagogy 13, no. 1 (2023): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/istrped2301208m.

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The paradigm on which a methodological approach is developed determines the situations in which its application will be most appropriate. The quantitative approach implies a positivist paradigm, the basis of which is cause-and effect relationships, as well as the questioning and verifying of existing theories. Positivism aims to prove that phenomena from the field of social sciences and humanities are equally subject to measurement as natural phenomena. That assumption is also the epicenter of criticism directed at positivism, from which, in addition to its strengths, post-positivism developed, characterized by more flexible views on absolute objectivity. The aim of this paper is focused on the analysis of the basis of the quantitative approach, the possibilities and limitations of the positivist paradigm and the post-positivist paradigm that overcomes the limitations of positivism. The tasks are as follows: 1. Define the concept of paradigm and its role in pedagogical research, 2. Determine the connection between the positivist and post-positivist paradigms and the quantitative approach, 3. Analyze the strengths and limitations of positivism and post-positivism and the possibilities of overcoming its weaknesses. The authors applied the theoretical method with content analysis and accepted the facts and ideas of positivism as the primary paradigm for researching educational reality. They state that post-positivism is intuitive and holistic, flexible in research, while positivism is based on solid facts that are objective and do not depend on subjective interpretation.
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Oliveira, Loraine Lopes de, and Vera Lúcia Martiniak. "Ordem e Progresso: Augusto Comte e as influências do Positivismo na educação das mulheres na Primeira República brasileira." Revista Educação e Emancipação 11, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2358-4319.v11n1p232-253.

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O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma reflexão acerca da influência do Positivismo na educação das mulheres no contexto da Primeira República brasileira (1889-1930), também chamada de República Velha. Faz-se uma breve abordagem inicial a respeito de Augusto Comte e o surgimento da filosofia positivista e posteriormente se discorre sobre a influência do Positivismo na educação das mulheres, a qual era vista como um elemento chave para a concretização da nova sociedade que se projetava, para o progresso e a modernização. A pesquisa tem caráter bibliográfico e fundamenta-se nos pressupostos teóricos do materialismo histórico-dialético, que busca compreender os fenômenos sociais e históricos a partir da existência material dos homens. A discussão prioriza a relação da educação com os fatores econômicos, políticos e sociais, já que se compreende que o objeto de pesquisa não pode ser entendido como uma situação isolada de seu contexto histórico.Palavras-chave: Positivismo. Primeira República Brasileira. Educação das mulheres. Order and Progress: Augusto Comte and the influences of Positivism in the education of women in the First Brazilian RepublicABSTRACTThe present article aims to present a reflection on the influence of positivism in the education of women in the context of the First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930), also called the Old Republic. A brief initial approach is given to Augusto Comte and the emergence of the positivist philosophy and later it talks about the influence of positivism in the education of women, a qualitative perspective as a key element for a concretization of the new society which was projected, for progress and modernization. The research has a bibliographic character and is based on the theoretical assumptions of historical-dialectical materialism, which seeks social and historical phenomena from the material reality of men. The discussion prioritizes the relationship of studies with economic, political and social factors, which encompass the object of research can’t be understood as a situation isolated from its historical context.Keywords: Positivism. First Brazilian Republic. Education of women. Orden y Progreso: Augusto Comte y las influencias del Positivismo en la educación de las mujeres en la primera república brasileñaRESUMENEl presente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer una reflexión acerca de la influencia del Positivismo en la educación de las mujeres en el contexto de la Primera República Brasileña (1889-1930), también denominada de República Vieja. Se hace un breve abordaje inicial a respecto de Augusto Comte y el surgimiento de la filosofía positivista y posteriormente se discurre sobre la influencia del Positivismo en la educación de las mujeres, la cual se veía como un elemento clave para la concretización de la nueva sociedad que se proyectaba hacia el progreso y la modernización. La investigación tiene carácter bibliográfico y se fundamenta en los supuestos teóricos del materialismo histórico-dialéctico, que busca comprender los fenómenos sociales e históricos a partir de la existencia material de los hombres. La discusión prioriza la relación de la educación con los factores económicos, políticos y sociales, ya que se comprende que el objeto de la investigación no puede ser entendido como una situación distante de su contexto histórico.Palabras-clave: Positivismo. Primera República Brasileña. Educación de las mujeres
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Leiter, Brian. "Realism, Hard Positivism, and Conceptual Analysis." Legal Theory 4, no. 4 (December 1998): 533–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352325200001130.

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The American Legal Realists, as I read them, are tacit legal positivists: they presuppose views about the criteria of legality that have affinities with positivist accounts of law in the sense that they employ primarily pedigree tests of legal validity. Ever since Ronald Dworkin's well-known critique of H.L.A. Hart's positivism a generation ago, however, it has been hotly contested whether there is anything about positivism as a legal theory that requires that tests of legal validity be pedigree tests. So-called Soft or Inclusive versions of positivism are willing to relax the restrictions on the content of a Rule of Recognition to admit non-pedigree criteria of legal validity; Hard or Exclusive versons of positivism deny that such a move is compatible with the central commitments of positivism. Hard Positivism, of which Joseph Raz has been the leading proponent, thus competes with various Soft Positivisms, defended by, among others, Coleman, Lyons, Soper, Waluchow, and now, explicitly, Hart himself in the “Postscript.” If the Realists are positivists, as I claim, then it cannot be the case that Soft Positivism is a genuinely positivistic doctrine. But there is more at stake here than just labels. Realist arguments for the indeterminacy of law—arguments central to the whole Realist enterprise—depend crucially on their tacit Hard Positivism. If, in fact, positivism has a more relaxed view of the criteria of legality than Hard Positivism supposes, then Realist arguments depend on unsound tacit premises about legal validity. What is at stake, then, is not whether Realists should be called (tacit) “Positivists” or merely (tacit) “Hard Positivists,” but whether their underlying view of the criteria of legality is sound. It can only be so if the best arguments favor Hard Positivism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Positivism"

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Taylor, David. "Vernon Lushington : practising positivism." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2010. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/Vernon-Lushington(d5ec7c59-aa01-41f9-b3e5-6893be72ed21).html.

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Vernon Lushington (1832-1912) was a leading Positivist and disciple of Comte's Religion of Humanity. In The Religion of Humanity: The Impact of Comtean Positivism on Victorian Britain T.R. Wright observed that "the inner struggles of many of [Comte's] English disciples, so amply documented in their note books, letters, and diaries, have not so far received the close sympathetic treatment they deserve". Material from a previously little known and un-researched archive of the Lushington family now makes possible such a study. After a childhood influenced by the values of the Clapham Sect, Lushington went to Cambridge where he came under the spell of Thomas Carlyle, for whom he worked for a period as an unpaid secretary, and then Auguste Comte whose Religion of Humanity finally replaced any lingering orthodox Christian faith. At Cambridge Lushington mixed with leading Christian Socialists and worked as a tutor at the Working Men's College alongside Ruskin and D.G. Rossetti. Other friends included William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones who Lushington later introduced to Rossetti, an event which triggered the second phase of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, The altruistic Lushington used his legal skills to assist struggling trade union leaders consolidate their cause and his concern for the working classes led him to co-operate with Elizabeth Gaskell in raising funds to assist the struggling Manchester cotton operatives. It was as a Positivist that Lushington wished to be remembered. This thesis considers the attraction of Positivism for Lushington and his place in its development and spread during the second half of the nineteenth century. Specific areas covered are Lushington's childhood influences, his university life, his relationship with Carlyle and his adoption of Positivism. The thesis then turns to consider how Lushington outworked his new beliefs first in his public life - especially in the area of the Arts, and in then in his domestic role where his enthusiastic embrace of the Religion of Humanity placed severe strains on his marriage.
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Rizvi, Majid. "J.A.G. Griffith's normative positivism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21699.

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This thesis provides a reinterpretation of J.A.G. Griffith’s lecture ‘The Political Constitution’—a reinterpretation that stresses the commitment Griffith expressed in that lecture to the normative dimension of legal positivism. I call this normative dimension ‘normative positivism’. Identifying Griffith as a normative positivist serves to clarify a number of debates surrounding Griffith’s arguments in ‘The Political Constitution’ and serves to clarify our understanding of the concept that has come to be known in UK public law scholarship in recent years as ‘political constitutionalism’, of which Griffith is regarded as a leading exemplar. The thesis argues that Griffith’s political constitutionalism is best understood as a form of normative positivism and is very different from some more recent defences of political constitutionalism available in the scholarly literature. The thesis also considers how the big constitutional questions of the age in the UK—questions relating, for example, to bills of rights and devolution—play out in the light of our discovery and appreciation of Griffith’s normative positivism.
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D'Acconti, Alessandra. "The genealogies of logical positivism." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627650.

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Oberdan, Thomas. "Protocols, truth and convention." Amsterdam ; Atlanta, GA : Rodopi, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35609110v.

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Sievers, Juliele Maria. "A philosophical reading of legal positivism." Thesis, Lille 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL30017/document.

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Le travail ici présenté offre une approche originelle des notions juridiques développées par Hans Kelsen dans ses efforts vers l'élaboration d'une théorie "pure" du droit. Cette étude est basée sur une analyse philosophique des principaux concepts juridiques qui ont, à leur tour, des caractéristiques philosophiques pertinentes, principalement les notions qui sont apparemment "partagées" entre les domaines juridique et philosophique, sans pour autant garder les mêmes significations sémantiques. La notion la plus pertinente à avoir ces caractéristiques est peut-être celle de "validité", étant donné qu'il s'agit d'une notion présente tant dans le domaine de la logique quant dans le domaine juridique; Dans ce sens, nous prétendons approcher aussi les notions de fiction normative, de science du droit, de conflits entre normes (qui sont aussi erronément appelés "contradictions entre normes"), et la règle d'inférence comme elle est appliquée dans le contexte de la création normative, donnant lieu à des notions trompeuses comme celle de raisonnement pratique. La notion de raisonnement pratique est d'ailleurs très riche concernant ce contexte de comparaison, et elle sera particulièrement traitée en fonction des autres notions problématiques qu'elle génère dans le champ normatif, telles que le Dilemme de Jørgensen; Cette notion, étant employée dans différents cas problématiques du droit, nous offre une opportunité de présenter une approche alternative pour le traitement logique du processus de justification dans la création d'une norme. Nous avons pour objectif aussi d'analyser les notions de condition logique et juridique, qui représentent un changement dans la perspective de Kelsen concernant l'utilité et la légitimité de l'application de la logique dans le champ normatif du droit. Une telle étude comparative, même si elle semble être fondamentale pour éclaircir les notions en question dans ces domaines respectifs, reste une tâche jamais réalisée dans une telle manière systématique. L'objectif de cette étude est de fournit un panorama clair concernant les limites entre les champs de la philosophie (spécialement la logique) et les normes juridiques. La compréhension des relations entre les notions "homonymes" doit aussi expliquer pourquoi elles sont utilisées de forme erronée aussi fréquemment quand les philosophes discutent du droit, mais aussi quand les juristes cherchent des justifications pour les concepts dans leurs théories. Ainsi, le contexte de cette étude est le positivisme juridique tel qu'il est présenté par le philosophe du droit Hans Kelsen. Notre choix est justifié par le fait que lathéorie de Kelsen s'avère l plus conforme à notre approche philosophique d'orientation logique et analytique. L’œuvre qui servira de base à notre investigation est la "Théorie Générale des Normes" (1979), surtout dû au fait de représenter l'intensité des efforts de son auteur pour traiter les problèmes juridiques liés à des aspect philosophiques ou logiques. Cela est particulièrement remarquable dans le cas de la possibilité d'application de la logique aux normes, mais aussi concernant les notions problématiques comme celle de norme fondamentale comme fiction ou encore la notion de substrat indifférent au mode
The present work offers an original approach on the legal notions developed by Hans Kelsen in his attempts towards a “pure” theory of Law, based on a philosophical analysis of the main legal concepts that have a strong philosophical feature, namely those notions which are somehow “shared” between the two fields in their name, but not always in their meaning. While the most striking notion to be approached via a philosophical perspective would probably be that of legal validity (since validity is a central term also in Logic), we aim, in the same way, to approach the notions of legal fictions, the notion of science in Law, normative conflicts or “contradictions” as they are commonly – and wrongly – named, and the rule of inference as it is applied in the context of normative creation, giving place to the wrong notion of practical reasoning. The notion of practical reasoning is very rich in this context of comparison, and will be a special one, as it serves for us to analyze traditional problems of legal theory, such as Jørgensen’s dilemma, as well as it offers us the opportunity of providing our own alternative of a logical treatment of the process of legal justification of the creation of a norm. We aim to analyze the notion of legal and logical conditions as well, which represent a changing in Kelsen’s perspective on the utility and legitimacy of the application of logic to the legal domain. Such a comparative study, even if it appears to be fundamental for clarifying those notions in their respective fields, is a task never before developed in this systematic manner. The objective of such a study is to provide a clear overview of the boundaries between the fields of philosophy (especially logic) and the legal norms. A clear understanding of the relations between those “homonym” notions may explain why they are most of the time misused when philosophers talk about law, as well as when lawyers try to justify the concepts composing the legal theory.The context of this study is the legal positivism as it is explained by the legal-philosopher Hans Kelsen. This choice is justified by the fact that Kelsen’s legal theory appears to be the most suitable frame for an analytical, logic-oriented investigation. The work emphasized will be the General Theory of Norms (1979), mainly because of the fact that this book represents how intensively Kelsen dedicated himself to the legal problems mostly related to philosophy or logic, namely the question of the application of logic to norms and the clarification of problematic notions such as the basic norm as a fiction or, still, the notion of modally indifferent substrate
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Glahn, Jason C. "Is hard positivism too hard to swallow? /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426061.

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Shaw, Geoffrey C. "The rise and fall of liberal legal positivism : legal positivism, legal process, and H.L.A. Hart's America, 1945-1960." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e7ea644b-0d13-4a60-8993-e4119404a5ca.

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This dissertation uses new archival materials to analyze the intellectual journey of H.L.A. Hart and his ideas in the United States, focusing on Hart's year as a visiting professor at Harvard, 1956-57, and its immediate aftermath. The dissertation situates Hart's work in the United States in the historical and intellectual context of the Legal Process School, the jurisprudential movement that dominated legal thought at Harvard during Hart's visit. When Hart arrived at Harvard in 1956, he found himself on a harmonious intellectual trajectory with the process theorists, seeking a middle road between legal formalism and legal realism, despite the deep suspicion with which American legal theorists viewed analytical jurisprudence and legal positivism. Over the course of the year, Hart and the process theorists collaborated and debated constantly - clarifying their methodological disagreements and also their shared jurisprudential mission. In close contact with the process theorists, Hart developed an account of legal decision-making and the relationship between legal indeterminacy and the rule of law that resonated deeply with process theory. He expressed these ideas in a lost essay, Discretion, written shortly after his arrival at Harvard. Discretion spurred a year of fruitful debate in the newly formed Legal Philosophy Discussion Group on topics ranging from the value of Hart's analytical methodology to the core problems of American democracy. Throughout the year, for example, Hart exchanged views with Lon Fuller about the applicability of the fact-value distinction to jurisprudence, constituting a "pre-Hart-Fuller debate Hart-Fuller debate," largely unreconstructed until now, which informs what was really at stake in the published Hart-Fuller exchange. In the spring, Hart delivered his famous Holmes Lecture, Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals. Understood in historical context, the lecture represented the culmination of a year of collaboration and debate with the Legal Process School, and Hart's attempt to defend a new, truly liberal formulation of legal positivism that responded specifically to the challenges his methodological outlook had encountered in the United States. Ultimately, however, Hart's ideas were unable to transcend the broiling debate over the role of the judiciary in American democracy in the wake of Brown vs. Board of Education. As progressive politics in the United States came increasingly to depend on an activist judiciary enforcing moral rights, Hart's positivism seemed to resonate more with Learned Hand's criticism of judicial review (which came out the same month as Hart's Holmes Lecture) than with justice-oriented defenses of the Warren Court. Further, Hart's process theoretic account of judicial discretion came to conflict with the Warren Court's activist judicial stance, partly due to the "botched" reception of Herbert Wechsler's 1959 lecture, Toward Neutral Principles of Constitutional Law, which was heavily influenced by Hart's Discretion essay. But at the deepest level, Hart held a view about liberalism in which open, rational democratic deliberation, not judicial intervention, was the primary force for social change - a view the Process School largely shared, yet a view that was sidelined in the Warren Court era. For largely political reasons, Hart's liberal legal positivism failed to gain traction. In telling this history, this dissertation makes an original contribution to the literature in several ways: by drawing on a wealth of new source material, by situating Hart's year at Harvard in the intellectual context of the Legal Process School, by providing a complete historical analysis of the Legal Philosophy Discussion Group, by analyzing Hart's lost essay Discretion and Fuller's forgotten "Reply to Critics," by reconstructing the interactions between Hart and Fuller before their published exchange, and by interpreting Hart's Holmes Lecture in the context of process theory's decline. Hart's extraordinary year in America and the legacy of analytical legal positivism and the Legal Process School remain topics of great importance to legal philosophy, and my goal is to contribute a new, I hope helpful, historical interpretation to the scholarly conversation.
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Souza, Natalia Peixoto Bravo de. "A mlitância em torno da glorificação de Euclides da Cunha: um projeto político-ideológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-27042010-105742/.

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Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo discutir e analisar o papel de intelectuais cariocas das décadas de 30 e 40 do século XX na popularização de Euclides da Cunha e na construção de uma imagem que associa o escritor ao pensamento positivista. Para fundamentar a discussão e a análise, são analisados os conceitos de positivismo e evolucionismo, as trajetórias profissionais dos intelectuais citados, a militância dos mesmos no Grêmio Euclides da Cunha do Rio de Janeiro e a importância de suas atuações para a divulgação não só da obra de Euclides da Cunha, mas de uma interpretação específica sobre ela e sobre seu autor, contribuindo para cristalizar a noção de que Euclides da Cunha foi positivista.
This work had as main objective to discuss and analyze the role of intellectuals in Rio at the decades of the 30th and 40th century in the popularization of Euclides da Cunha and the construction of an image that links the writer to positivist thinking. To support the discussion and analysis this work reviews the concepts of positivism and evolutionism, the career paths of intellectuals mentioned, the militancy of the same with Gremio Euclides da Cunha of Rio de Janeiro and the importance of their actions to disseminate not only the work of Euclides da Cunha, but a specific interpretation on it and on its author, helping to crystallize the notion that Euclides da Cunha was positivist.
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Chapman, Owen Blayne. "The end of metaphysics, logical positivism and postmodernism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22283.pdf.

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Casey, Brian P. "Natural law and the challenge of legal positivism." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4842.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 30, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Positivism"

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Stephen, Guest, ed. Positivism today. Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1996.

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Mario, Jori, ed. Legal positivism. New York, NY: New York University Press, 1992.

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Margaret, Martin. Judging positivism. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2014.

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1938-, Campbell Tom, ed. Legal positivism. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate/Dartmouth, 1999.

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1952-, Smith Steve, Booth Ken 1943-, and Zalewski Marysia, eds. International theory: Positivism and beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Tolman, Charles W., ed. Positivism in Psychology. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4402-8.

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Srinivas, K. Logical positivism revisited. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld, 2011.

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Johansson, Ingvar. Positivism och marxism. 3rd ed. Stockholm: Norstedt, 1987.

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Srinivas, K. Logical positivism revisited. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld, 2011.

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J, Waluchow Wilfrid. Inclusive legal positivism. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Positivism"

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Bryant, Christopher G. A. "Introduction: Positivism or Positivisms?" In Positivism in Social Theory and Research, 1–10. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17759-2_1.

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Holmwood, John, and Alexander Stewart. "Positivism." In Explanation and Social Theory, 11–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21627-7_2.

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Nelson, Jim. "Positivism." In Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology, 1437–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5583-7_468.

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Karupiah, Premalatha. "Positivism." In Principles of Social Research Methodology, 73–82. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5441-2_6.

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Caldwell, Bruce J. "Positivism." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–4. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1781-1.

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Caldwell, Bruce. "Positivism." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1781-2.

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Holmwood, John, and Alexander Stewart. "Positivism." In Explanation and Social Theory, 11–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13216-4_2.

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Caldwell, Bruce. "Positivism." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 10516–20. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1781.

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Fillafer, Franz L. "Positivism." In The Routledge Companion to Historical Theory, 68–82. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367821814-5.

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Lekon, Christian. "Positivism." In Modernist Reformers in Islam, Hinduism and Confucianism, 1865–1935, 173–93. First [edition]. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge religion in contemporary Asia series ; 8: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315642987-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Positivism"

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José Armando Ribeiro, Fernando. "Carl Schimitt: critic of Positivism." In XXVI World Congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy. Initia Via, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17931/ivr2013_sws108_02.

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Rakowski, Roman. "Critical Theory, Normativity and Positivism." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education Science and Social Development (ESSD 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essd-19.2019.131.

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Bidoit, Nicole, and Richard Hull. "Positivism vs minimalism in deductive databases." In the fifth ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/6012.15409.

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Ratner, Carl. "Contextualism Versus Positivism in Cross-Cultural Psychology." In International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/qurx7615.

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Theories have the power to shape our conceptualization of psychological issues. Very general, abstract theories of ontology and epistemology have very specific and practical effects on cross-cultural psychological research. They shape our general understanding of culture, the interrelation between culture and psychology, and methodological principles of empirical research. Because theories are so powerful, it is vital that we examine them. Limitations in theory will lead to limited conclusions. I will contrast two theories: contextualism and positivism. I argue that the ontological principles of contextualism are more helpful than positivism for conceptualizing what culture is and the relation between culture and psychology than positivism is. Moreover, the ontological principles of contextualism lead to epistemological principles and research methodology that are more suitable for researching cultural psychology than positivistic methodology is. Contextualism is thus more valuable for understanding “indigenous psychology” than positivism is.
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Lytkin, Vladimir. "Space Future In Fiction: From Myth To Positivism." In SCTCMG 2019 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.04.272.

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Al'bov, A. P., and A. I. Kairova. "Legal positivism and contemporary problems of the XXI century M." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES. LJournal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-06-2020-42.

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Akhidzhakova, Mariet. "The Philology Of Neo-Positivism: Trends, Socio-Cultural Transformations, Global Context." In International Scientific Conference «Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism» dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Turkayev Hassan Vakhitovich. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.05.428.

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Sayrani, Laurensius Petrus. "Bureaucratic representation in duality structure: Beyond positivism epistemology in understanding bureaucracy." In 2018 Annual Conference of Asian Association for Public Administration: "Reinventing Public Administration in a Globalized World: A Non-Western Perspective" (AAPA 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aapa-18.2018.55.

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Peng, Song, and Shen Shiyu. "A Comparative Analysis on Positivism and Critical Realism in Accounting Research." In Proceedings of the 2019 4th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icssed-19.2019.39.

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Shakirova, Nailya, and Albina Garifullina. "LITERARY INTERPRETATION OF THE IDEAS OF POSITIVISM IN D. STEINBECK'S WORKS." In World literature Cultural Codes. Baskir State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/kkml-2021-11-19.24.

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Reports on the topic "Positivism"

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Wert, Michael. Historical Positivism, Ideology, and Nationalism in the Ramseyer Case. Critical Asian Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52698/pgux7576.

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Lenz, A. Stephen. Promoting Positivity. Iowa City, Iowa, USA: University of Iowa, Scanlan Center for School Mental Health, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/rep.006641.

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Sarna, Avina, Jerry Okal, Stanley Luchters, Nzioki King'ola, and Scott Geibel. Prevention with positives: How do we reach them in the community? Population Council, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv1.1001.

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Acemoglu, Daron, Leopoldo Fergusson, James Robinson, Dario Romero, and Juan Vargas. The Perils of High-Powered Incentives: Evidence from Colombia's False Positives. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22617.

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Zhang, Xiangxiong, and Chi-Wang Shu. Positivity-preserving High Order Finite Difference WENO Schemes for Compressible Euler Equations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada557715.

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Rajput, Balram S. Remarks on the Positivity of Densities of Stable Probability Measure on R(d). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada197920.

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Ogle, Jennifer Paff, Juyeon Park, and Nichole Monhait. Building Positive Body Image through an Interactive Body Positivity Program: A Positive Psychology Perspective. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8271.

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Long, Melissa, and David A. Kidwell. Improving the Pharmcheck Sweat Patch: Reducing False Positives from Environmental Contamination and Increasing Drug Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada398503.

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Muñoz Jiménez, José Miguel, and Pablo Moñino Lostalé. El Proyecto ‘Chokáa’ de elaboración tradicional de cal en Turkana (Kenia): resultados positivos siete años después (2013-2020). Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21028/jmmj.2022.09.23.

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Pablo Moñino llevaba dos largos años apostando por producir cal en Turkana en un horno tradicional. Después de varios intentos fallidos, a la cuarta hornada, en 2015, se logró el éxito necesario: una cal de alta pureza y con todas las características precisas. Ahora, en este artículo, detallaremos cómo se fue avanzando e innovando en el proyecto ‘Chokáa’, hasta poder llegar hoy al empleo de más de medio centenar de jóvenes turkanos, fabricando importantes aportes de materiales tradicionales, e iniciando la construcción de nuevos edificios, de un tamaño cada vez mayor, en las misiones de la zona.
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Ureña Tormo, Clara. El impacto de las emociones positivas en el rendimiento académico: estudio aplicado al ámbito del español lengua extranjera. Edicions i Publicacions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21001/sintagma.2024.36.09.

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