Academic literature on the topic 'Positive and Negative Affect Scale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Positive and Negative Affect Scale"
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Istiqomah, Istiqomah. "Positive Negative Affect and Teen Pregnancy." Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities 2 (October 8, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/pssh.v2i.97.
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Pregnancy is one of the important events in a woman’s life. Having a positive and planned pregnancy will impact the psychological well-being of both mother and baby. This study describes the relationship between the affect and demographics of pregnant adolescents. Respondents consisted of 92 pregnant adolescents (19.6% trimester 1, 41.3% trimester 2 and 39.1% trimester 3), with an age range of 16 to 35 years (M = 18.99, SD = 2.899). Pregnant adolescents were asked to fill in the positive and negative influence scale (PANAS). The correlation coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha for the positive influence scale is 0.845. The correlation coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha for the negative influence scale is 0.676. Researchers used Chi-Square to determine the relationship between positive and negative influences with the demographic characteristics of adolescent mothers. The results of the description of the Positive affect were related to age (Asymp. Sig. = 0.000) and gestational age (Asymp. Sig. = 0.009). In contrast, the Negative affect was related to adolescent education (Asymp. Sig. = 0.013). These results underlie the process of adaptation of adolescent mothers in undergoing a healthy and planned pregnancy.
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Rammstedt, Beatrice, and Dagmar Krebs. "Does Response Scale Format Affect the Answering of Personality Scales?" European Journal of Psychological Assessment 23, no. 1 (January 2007): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.23.1.32.
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When developing a questionnaire, one puts much effort into item formulation. Whether the format of the corresponding response scales affects response behavior, however, has rarely been studied, to date. The present study investigates (1) the effects of the response scale direction (ranging from positive to negative vs. negative to positive) and (2) the match between numerical labeling and scale direction, i.e., assigning high numbers to the positive pole and low numbers to the negative pole or vice versa. These response scale effects were studied based on responses in the BFI-10, the short-scale version of the widely-used Big Five Inventory (BFI), assessing the Big Five dimensions of personality by two items each. Using a dependent sample design, subjects answered the 10 items using end-point labeled response scales ranging from the negative (labeled “1”) to the positive pole (labeled “8”) at Time 1. At Time 2 (approximately 3 weeks later), respondents were split into two conditions: The BFI-10 was administered again with an 8-point scale ranging from the positive to the negative pole. In the first condition, the positive pole was labeled “8” and the negative pole was labeled “1”; in the second condition, the positive pole was labeled “1” and the negative pole was labeled “8.” Results clearly support the notion that the direction of the response scale (Condition 1) does not affect response behavior. There were no differences in means, standard deviations, or in the intercorrelations patterns. However, there seems to be an intuitive match between the positive pole and high numerical labeling. When poles were counterintuitively labeled (Condition 2), significant differences could be identified for all analyses conducted.
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Velasco Matus, Pedro Wolfgang, Sofía Rivera Aragón, Alejandra del Carmen Domínguez Espinosa, Fernando Méndez Rangel, and Rolando Díaz Loving. "Positive Affect/Negative Affect Scale for Mexicans (PANA-M): Evidences of Validity and Reliability." Acta de Investigación Psicológica 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2021.1.377.
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The affective component of Subjective Well Being refers to the emotional evaluations people make regarding day-to-day life events. These emotional responses can be categorized into two: Positive affect and Negative affect. Positive affect usually indicate that life is going well, and everything is as expected; negative affect indicates the opposite. Despite the immense number of instruments and scales that currently exist around this topic, there’s still room for improvement regarding psychometric properties. To minimize some of the recent challenges, a new Affect scale was developed instead of adopting or adapting an existing one. Three independent studies use several techniques (Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Convergent validity, Cronbach’s Alpha, McDonald’s Omega, Tucker’s congruence coefficient) to show adequate validity and reliability properties. The final product, a Positive Affect/Negative Affect Scale -originally developed for Mexico-, shows adequate properties and even suggest proper functioning in an Argentinian sample. Strengths for this new scale are discussed and the relationship between positive/negative affect with other psychological variables is discussed as well.
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Novovic, Zdenka, Ljiljana Mihic, Snezana Tovilovic, and Veljko Jovanovic. "Relations among positive and negative affect, dysphoria and anxiety1." Psihologija 41, no. 4 (2008): 413–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0804413n.
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According to Tellegen et al.'s Two-factor model, commonalities between depression and anxiety are due to their shared variance with Negative affect (NA), a broad dimension of general distress. Low Positive affect (PA), a dimension of pleasurable emotions, is believed to be uniquely related to depression. In this study, we tested these basic assumptions. A sample of 141 students at the Faculty of Philosophy in Novi Sad filled out a state measure of PA, NA, and basic emotions (SIAB-PANAS), a depression scale (BDI-II), and a state anxiety scale (STAI-S). Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to estimate the unique contributions of PA, NA, and basic emotions in the prediction of dysphoria and anxiety. The hypothesis that NA is a general dimension related to both dysphoria and anxiety was supported. Sadness and fear added incrementally to the prediction of both criteria. However, contrary to our hypothesis, PA was related to both dysphoria and anxiety. Joviality, attentiveness, and self-assurance were better predictors of anxiety than dysphoria. Methodological and clinical implications of the results were discussed.
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Veronese, Guido, and Alessandro Pepe. "Positive and Negative Affect in Children Living in Refugee Camps." Evaluation & the Health Professions 40, no. 1 (June 23, 2016): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163278715625741.
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In the present study, we assessed the psychometric proprieties of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale–Child Version (PANAS-C) in a large sample of Palestinian children ( N = 1,376) of different age ranges living in refugee camps. In particular, we used standard confirmatory factor analysis to test competing factor structures for the PANAS-C, with a view to developing a stable version of the instrument, suitable for speedy administration in applied and research settings in the contexts of military violence. Four alternative models of the PANAS-C were evaluated: unidimensional; two-dimensional with independent PA and NA scales and covariance of item-level errors unallowed; two-dimensional with dependent PA and NA scales and covariance of item-level errors unallowed; and two-dimensional with dependent PA and NA scales and covariance of item-level errors. The results of the statistical analysis supported a 20-item measurement model comprising the PANAS-C20 Arabic version for children. The items in this best fitting model loaded on two different and negatively correlated factors. These findings encourage full adoption of the PANAS-C20 as a tool for assessing both PA and NA in Palestinian children living in contexts of warfare.
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Bakalım, Orkide, and Arzu Taşdelen-Karçkay. "Positive and negative affect as predictors of family life satisfaction." International Journal of Human Sciences 12, no. 1 (April 21, 2015): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i1.3251.
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<p>This study was conducted to predict the levels family life satisfaction by the positive and negative affect variables on high school students. Sample group consists of 456 students of various types of high schools in Uşak city center. In the study “Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)” and “Family Life Satisfaction Scale” were used as data collection tools. In order to predict the levels of Family Life Satisfaction by Positive and Negative Affect, Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis was performed. When the findings of the study were analyzed, the first predicator of the family life satisfaction was determined as the negative affect and the latter positive affect.</p>
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Vodanovich, Stephen J., Kathryn M. Verner, and Thomas V. Gilbride. "Boredom Proneness: Its Relationship to Positive and Negative Affect." Psychological Reports 69, no. 3_suppl (December 1991): 1139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.3f.1139.
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170 undergraduate students completed the Boredom Proneness Scale by Farmer and Sundberg and the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist by Zuckerman and Lubin. Significant negative relationships were found between boredom proneness and negative affect scores (i.e., Depression, Hostility, Anxiety). Significant positive correlations also obtained between boredom proneness and positive affect (i.e., Positive Affect, Sensation Seeking). The correlations between boredom proneness “subscales” and positive and negative affect were congruent with those obtained using total boredom proneness scores. Implications for counseling are discussed.
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Krebs, Dagmar, and Juergen H. P. Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik. "Positive First or Negative First?" Methodology 6, no. 3 (January 2010): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000013.
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To examine whether starting a response scale with the positive or the negative categories affects response behavior, a split-ballot design using reverse forms of an 8-point scale assessing the subjective importance of job characteristics was used. Response behavior varied according to the scale format employed. Responses were more positive on the scale starting with the category “very important” (split 2). By contrast, the scale starting with the category “not at all important” (split 1) did not elicit more negative responses, but rather less positive ones. However, differences in response behavior did not systematically reflect the direction of the respective scales. Starting with the differences between the two split versions, the factorial structure of indicators assessing two dimensions of job motivation was tested for each scale type separately and then for both scale types simultaneously. Finally, models placing increasingly severe equality constraints on both scale types were tested. The paper concludes with a discussion of the results and desiderata for further research.
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Lewis, Christopher Alan, Paddy McCollam, and Stephen Joseph. "CONVERGENT VALIDITY OF THE DEPRESSION-HAPPINESS SCALE WITH THE BRADBURN AFFECT BALANCE SCALE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 28, no. 6 (January 1, 2000): 579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2000.28.6.579.
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The aim of the present paper is to provide further evidence for the convergent validity of one such measure, the Depression-Happiness Scale (McGreal & Joseph, 1993; Joseph & Lewis, 1998). The Affect Balance Scale (Bradburn, 1969), a measure which is very well established in the subjective well-being literature, which contains measures of both positive and negative affect, was administered alongside the Depression-Happiness Scale to 67 undergraduate students. As predicted, higher scores on the Depression-Happiness Scale, indicating a higher frequency of positive feelings and a lower frequency of negative feelings, were significantly associated with higher scores on the Affect Balance Scale and the Affect Positive Scale and also with lower scores on the Affect Negative Scale. These data provide further evidence of the convergent validity of the Depression-Happiness Scale.
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Narayanan, Lakshmi, Nasser Said Gomaa Abdelrasheed, Ramzi Naim Nasser, and Shanker Menon. "Dimensional Structure of the Arabic Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale Adapted From its English Form." Psychological Reports 123, no. 6 (July 23, 2019): 2597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294119863293.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensional structure of the Arabic version of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule using a sample of undergraduate students from a private university in the Sultanate of Oman. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test four preconceptualized item-fit models: a one-factor structure model, a two-factor model using a factor structure of items converging on Positive Affect and Negative Affect, a correlated two-factor model, and finally the correlated three-factor model. Strongest support was found for the correlated two-factor model. A recent study provided further evidence of the robust structure of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule using the two-factor model. This study tested the model in a non-Western culture and a population that was very different from that in previous studies. The implications of these findings and recommendations are discussed herein.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Positive and Negative Affect Scale"
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Siddaway, Andrew P. "Explaining and predicting psychological problems : the joint importance of positive and negative constructs." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26911.
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Positive Clinical Psychology (PCP) argues that positive and negative psychological constructs are jointly important for explaining psychological problems. “Positive” constructs have been explicitly focused on by positive psychology researchers and “negative” constructs have been explicitly focused on by mental health researchers. This thesis examines the relationship between positive and negative constructs in relation to four psychological problems: depressive symptoms (Chapter 2), anxiety-problems (Chapter 3), suicide attempts (SAs) (Chapter 4 and 5), and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) (Chapter 4 and 5). Clarifying how psychological problems are most appropriately conceptualised has implications for definitions, diagnostic criteria, measurement, and clinical interventions. This thesis provides evidence that some constructs form bipolar continua, having a positive pole and a negative pole, whilst other constructs do not. Chapters 2 and 3 demonstrate that well-being and calmness respectively form continua with depressive and anxiety symptoms. In contrast, Chapters 4 and 5 demonstrate that SA and NSSI cognitions do not form a continuum with another construct. Results indicate that positive and negative constructs appear to have different relationships to one-another depending on the construct under investigation. Constructs that are common in the general population – such as depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, well-being symptoms, and calmness symptoms – appear to be bipolar, having a positive and a negative pole. Psychological constructs that are rare in the general population and which specifically characterise psychological problems (rather than being an extreme manifestation of a common psychological experience) – such as SA and NSSI cognitions – appear to be unipolar. The replication of scientific findings also features strongly throughout this thesis. Each chapter may therefore have a timely bearing on the emerging “replication crisis” literature.
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Hirsch, Jameson K., Fuschia M. Sirois, Danielle Molnar, and Edward C. Chang. "Pain and Depressive Symptoms in Primary Care: Moderating Role of Positive and Negative Affect." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/860.
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OBJECTIVES: Pain and its disruptive impact on daily life are common reasons that patients seek primary medical care. Pain contributes strongly to psychopathology, and pain and depressive symptoms are often comorbid in primary care patients. Not all those who experience pain develop depression, suggesting that the presence of individual-level characteristics, such as positive and negative affect, that may ameliorate or exacerbate this association. METHODS: We assessed the potential moderating role of positive and negative affect on the pain-depression linkage. In a sample of 101 rural, primary care patients, we administered the Brief Pain Inventory, NEO Personality Inventory-Revised positive and negative affect subclusters, and the Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression. RESULTS: In moderation models, covarying age, sex, and ethnicity, we found that positive affect, but not negative affect, was a significant moderator of the relation between pain intensity and severity and depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION: The association between pain and depressive symptoms is attenuated when greater levels of positive affects are present. Therapeutic bolstering of positive affect in primary care patients experiencing pain may reduce the risk for depressive symptoms.
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Paoli, Jason. "Can mindfulness and nostalgia raise adolescents’ happiness and subjective well-being? : A quantitative study on the effects of using nostalgia and mindfulness as methods to raise happiness and subjective well-being amongst adolescents." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-41267.
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Worldwide, 450 million people are estimated to have a mental health problem. Therefore this study set out with the aim to fill the gap in research on how to raise happiness and subjective well-being amongst adolescents. The sample of the study consisted of 90 students ranging from 16 - 19 years of age. They were randomly assigned to one of two methods; BPS (Best Personal Self) or nostalgia. Each group was then given varying instructions on a task they would perform on a daily basis, with tests taken on the first and last day of the study. The tests consisted of questions from the PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Scale) and the SWLS (Satisfaction with Life Scale), which would determine the different methods short- and long-term effect on the participants happiness and subjective well-being. A control group was used to compare the results of the test groups. The results indicated nostalgia as being the most effective way to raise short-term well-being amongst adolescents, which raised interesting questions for future studies.
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Jenick, Marcus, and n/a. "Couples Coping With End-Stage Cancer: The Influence of Attachment, Emotional Support, and Positive Meaning on Psychological Adjustment and Each Other." Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030804.121524.
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This thesis was concerned with the psychological adjustment of 67 end-stage cancer patients, and three psychosocial variables considered to influence that adjustment: emotional support from spouse, positive meaning, and working models of attachment. Furthermore, this thesis was also concerned with the psychological adjustment of the patients' spouses, and the influence of emotional support from patient and working models of attachment on their adjustment. It was hypothesised that each of these psychosocial variables would directly influence the psychological adjustment of patients and spouses, measured using the negative affectivity scale of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Furthermore, it was hypothesised that emotional support would influence positive meaning, and working models of attachment would influence both emotional support and positive meaning. Variables were measured via paper and pencil self-report inventories, with the exception of positive meaning, where verbal responses to an open question were coded. Univariate analyses indicated an association between patients' and spouses' emotional support provided by one another and their psychological adjustment. Univariate results also showed that patients' positive meaning was related to patients' psychological adjustment, and that patients' working models of attachment involving higher levels of attachment anxiety were associated with patients' poorer psychological adjustment. All these individual associations remained statistically significant after three control variables related to the patients' physical condition were taken into account. In addition, univariate analyses indicated that attachment was associated with emotional support, and that emotional support was associated with positive meaning. Following univariate analyses, variables were integrated into one model for patients and another for spouses using path analyses. Results were generally consistent with the prior sets of analyses. However, patients' working models of attachment involving higher levels of attachment anxiety no longer had a direct effect on patients' psychological adjustment to statistically significant levels. Rather, the influence of the working models of attachment on patients' psychological adjustment was mediated by emotional support. In addition, patients' positive meaning no longer had a significant direct effect on patients' psychological adjustment. The insignificant path coefficients between attachment anxiety and psychological adjustment, and between positive meaning and psychological adjustment, were attributed to the large amount of variance in negative affect due to emotional support. In summary, this research indicates that emotional support given and received between patients and spouses is important to the psychological adjustment of each party. Furthermore, emotional support influences patients' ability to construe positive meaning in their illness, although positive meaning does not appear to be as critical to the psychological adjustment of patients as emotional support. Working models of attachment influence the psychological adjustment of patients primarily through their influence on emotional support.
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Jenick, Marcus. "Couples Coping With End-Stage Cancer: The Influence of Attachment, Emotional Support, and Positive Meaning on Psychological Adjustment and Each Other." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365492.
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This thesis was concerned with the psychological adjustment of 67 end-stage cancer patients, and three psychosocial variables considered to influence that adjustment: emotional support from spouse, positive meaning, and working models of attachment. Furthermore, this thesis was also concerned with the psychological adjustment of the patients' spouses, and the influence of emotional support from patient and working models of attachment on their adjustment. It was hypothesised that each of these psychosocial variables would directly influence the psychological adjustment of patients and spouses, measured using the negative affectivity scale of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Furthermore, it was hypothesised that emotional support would influence positive meaning, and working models of attachment would influence both emotional support and positive meaning. Variables were measured via paper and pencil self-report inventories, with the exception of positive meaning, where verbal responses to an open question were coded. Univariate analyses indicated an association between patients' and spouses' emotional support provided by one another and their psychological adjustment. Univariate results also showed that patients' positive meaning was related to patients' psychological adjustment, and that patients' working models of attachment involving higher levels of attachment anxiety were associated with patients' poorer psychological adjustment. All these individual associations remained statistically significant after three control variables related to the patients' physical condition were taken into account. In addition, univariate analyses indicated that attachment was associated with emotional support, and that emotional support was associated with positive meaning. Following univariate analyses, variables were integrated into one model for patients and another for spouses using path analyses. Results were generally consistent with the prior sets of analyses. However, patients' working models of attachment involving higher levels of attachment anxiety no longer had a direct effect on patients' psychological adjustment to statistically significant levels. Rather, the influence of the working models of attachment on patients' psychological adjustment was mediated by emotional support. In addition, patients' positive meaning no longer had a significant direct effect on patients' psychological adjustment. The insignificant path coefficients between attachment anxiety and psychological adjustment, and between positive meaning and psychological adjustment, were attributed to the large amount of variance in negative affect due to emotional support. In summary, this research indicates that emotional support given and received between patients and spouses is important to the psychological adjustment of each party. Furthermore, emotional support influences patients' ability to construe positive meaning in their illness, although positive meaning does not appear to be as critical to the psychological adjustment of patients as emotional support. Working models of attachment influence the psychological adjustment of patients primarily through their influence on emotional support.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
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Wockatz, Philip. ""WOW. FOR VOLVO" : cognition and affect combining forces to measure the immeasurable." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-20990.
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Stavor, Katherine Monique. ""Touching On" Positive and Negative Affect." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297766.
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The current study investigates relations among touch, positive affect, negative affect and attachment style in romantically involved individuals. Touch is known to strengthen relationships in primates and is a key factor in mother-child bonds. Human touch has also shown regulatory effects in stressful situations. It is hypothesized that a combination of touch factors, including duration and location, will decrease negative affect and increase positive affect in romantically involved females. It is predicted that male and female’s individual attachment styles and relationship quality will mediate this effect. One hundred and fifty-two participants, or 76 couples, were studied during a 5-minute segment where the couple discussed a topic of contention in their relationship. The duration and location of touch were coded independently for both the male and the female. The affect measure coded by SPAFF was also coded independently for each partner. Initial results have revealed differences within and between couples.
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Crutchfield, Audra. "Negative affect and positive symptoms of psychosis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12109/.
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The current study utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the factor-to-factor relations and temporal associations between disturbances in negative affect (NA) and positive symptoms of psychosis (PP). Data were drawn from a large, public-domain data set (MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study). A dimensional approach was used to conceptualize and identify latent variables of NA (depression, anxiety, and guilt) and PP (hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorder) among individuals with a diagnosis of primary psychotic disorder. Results showed that anxiety, guilt, and depressed mood modeled an NA latent variable, and that hallucinations and unusual thought content modeled a PP latent variable. As predicted, results revealed strong, significant cross-sectional (synchronous) associations between NA and PP at each measured time-frame, suggesting that NA and PP occurred concurrently within the sample. Contrary to predictions, no significant cross-lagged effect between NA and PP was identified (10 weeks and 20 weeks respectively).
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Crutchfield, Audra Louise Neumann Craig Stephen. "Negative affect and positive symptoms of psychosis." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12109.
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Neiss, Michelle Roseanne, and Michelle Roseanne Neiss. "The relationship between positive affect and negative affect: A behavioral genetic analysis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289180.
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For years, researchers have debated the structure of affect. Although many researchers claim positive and negative affect are independent, others present evidence that the two are bipolar. The current study used a behavioral genetic design as a unique way to address this debate. A national sample of 783 sibling pairs, including 117 identical twins, 160 fraternal twins, and 506 full-sibling non-twin pairs provided information on their positive and negative affect over the past month. A sub-sample of 210 twin pairs provided additional information on their positive and negative affect over daily and weekly time frames. Several different analyses indicated that at the phenotypic level, affect demonstrated a bipolar structure. Multivariate behavioral genetic analyses were used to estimate common genetic and environmental factors that influence the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as the specific genetic and environmental factors that influence each. These analyses indicated that specific genetic and shared environmental factors were not necessary to explain the relationship between positive and negative affect. This pattern of results was consistent with the bipolar viewpoint. The structure of affect looked to be bipolar across differing time frames. No age differences in the structure of affect were found.
Books on the topic "Positive and Negative Affect Scale"
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Martin, Jeffrey J. Mood. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190638054.003.0021.
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The purpose of this chapter is to overview the sport mood model and mood research conducted in disability sport. Researchers in disability sport have examined mood in a limited fashion, with an overreliance on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) scale, which measures vigor, confusion, depressed mood, anger, fatigue, and tension. A clear limitation of the POMS scale is the underrepresentation of positive mood states that athletes experience. Many of the researchers in disability sport have asked modest questions, such as do athletes with acquired versus congenital disabilities have more positive mood states? Other researchers have used the positive and negative affective schedule and have been able to offer a more well-rounded commentary on various positive and negative affective states and how they are related to other cognitions and sport performance. The chapter concludes with the recommendation that researchers use models of emotion and mood such as the 12-point affect circumplex (12-PAC) model and address how core affect can be assessed to reflect mood or emotion.
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Bhagat, Rabi S. Developing Effective Global Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241490.003.0009.
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This book focuses on organizations that function across dissimilar nations and cultures. These organizations are everywhere, regulating economic rhythms of nations and people on a worldwide scale and at an unprecedented rate. Naturally, scholars and practitioners interested in the study of organizations in dissimilar national contexts need to know more about these social systems, how they evolve, what forces affect them positively, and what affects them negatively. This chapter focuses on the issue of developing effective global organizations. Several guidelines are presented with special emphasis on those that deal with converting a global presence into a major competitive advantage on a sustained scale. The notion that globalization in the 21st century is largely a complex phenomenon characterized by high levels of ambiguities and volatility is emphasized. The strategies that global organizations can adopt in this environment are presented.
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Sayer, Maria. Brain As a Supercomputer and How It Affects Our Physical and Emotional Wellbeing: Quantum Physics and Mind and Body, How Negative and Positive Feelings Can Affect Our Mindset. Independently Published, 2021.
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Davis, Mary C., Chung Jung Mun, Dhwani Kothari, Shannon Moore, Crys Rivers, Kirti Thummala, and Giulia Weyrich. The Nature and Adaptive Implications of Pain-Affect Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0013.
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Because pain is in part an affective experience, investigators over the past several decades have sought to elaborate the nature of pain-affect connections. Our evolving understanding of the intersection of pain and affect is especially relevant to intervention efforts designed to enhance the quality of life and functional health of individuals managing chronic pain. This chapter describes how pain influences arousal of the vigilance/defensive and appetitive/approach motivational systems and thus the affective health of chronic pain patients. The focus then moves to the dynamic relations between changes in pain and other stressors and changes in positive and negative affect as observed in daily life and laboratory-based experiments. A consensus emerges that sustaining positive affect during pain and stress flares may limit their detrimental effects and promote better functional health. The authors consider the implications of increased understanding of the dynamic interplay between pain and affective experience for enhancing existing interventions.
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de Ridder, Denise, and Catharine Evers. “Stressed Spelled Backward Is Desserts”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499037.003.0012.
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This chapter discusses the relationship between affect and eating behavior from two points of view—how affect shapes eating behavior and how eating behavior generates affect—arguing that appreciating how affect influences eating behavior depends on understanding in what way eating generates affect. It first discusses biological and social-cultural perspectives on the pleasure of eating and posits that the inherently rewarding experience of eating is compromised by concerns about the health consequences of eating too much or by eating the wrong foods. The second part of this chapter explains in what way both negative and positive affect influences consumption and highlights the contrast between theoretical notions on the phenomenon of emotional eating and empirical findings. It elaborates on new avenues for investigating the association between affect and eating, including the role of positive emotions, emotions as justifications for overeating, and eating as a coping strategy for dealing with negative emotions.
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Montgomery, Erwin B. Controlling the Flow of Electrical Charges. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0004.
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In depolarization to effect neuronal activations,, electrical charges are delivered to the neuron to affect the electrical potential across the neuronal membrane to subsequently affect voltage-gated ionic conductance channels. The orientation of the field of electrical charges to the neuronal membrane is critical. Electrical charges flow from the negative contact to the positive contact. The negative electrostatic charge “pushes” negative charges onto the outer surface of the neuron, which results in depolarization of the neuronal membrane. Neurons near the positive contact will not have negative electrical charges deposited on the outer surface, will not be depolarized, and thus, are not activated. Likewise, neurons whose membranes are oriented parallel to the lines of electrical forces that move electrical charges will not receive the electrical charges and, consequently, will not be activated. The electronics of the DBS systems are designed to control the electrostatic forces so as to control the activations of the nervous system to generate benefit and avoid adverse effects.
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Koopmann-Holm, Birgit, and Jeanne L. Tsai. The Cultural Shaping of Compassion. Edited by Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, and James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.21.
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In this chapter, we first review the existing literature on cross-cultural studies on compassion. While cultural similarities exist, we demonstrate cultural differences in the conception, experience, and expression of compassion. Then we present our own work on the cultural shaping of compassion by introducing Affect Valuation Theory (e.g., Tsai, Knutson, & Fung, 2006), our theoretical framework. We show how the desire to avoid feeling negative partly explains cultural differences in conceptualizations and expressions of compassion. Specifically, the more people want to avoid feeling negative, the more they focus on the positive (e.g., comforting memories) than the negative (e.g., the pain of someone’s death) when responding to others’ suffering, and the more they regard responses as helpful that focus on the positive (vs. negative). Finally, we discuss implications of our work for counseling, health care, and public service settings, as well as for interventions that aim to promote compassion.
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Lucas, Richard. Subjective Well-Being in Psychology. Edited by Matthew D. Adler and Marc Fleurbaey. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.13.
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Within psychology, subjective well-being refers to a person’s overall evaluation of the quality of life from his or her own perspective. Traditionally, psychologists have focused on three specific components of subjective well-being: life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect, though disagreements exist about precisely how these components should be best measured. Psychological research shows that intuitively appealing predictors of SWB, such as income and health, are typically only weakly correlated with SWB, whereas personality predictors tend to be stronger. This chapter reviews basic psychological research on SWB, addresses questions about the conceptualization and measurement of the construct, and discusses recent attempts to clarify the associations among the various components that are typically studied.
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Hitlin, Steven, and Sarah K. Harkness. The Theory of Inequality and Moral Emotions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465407.003.0006.
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This chapter brings together the strands of theory and research discussed previously to introduce our theory on inequality and morality. The general argument is that in societies with greater economic inequality, the negative sanctioning-based moral emotions of anger, contempt, disgust, shame, and the like will be more frequent and severe. Societies with lower levels of inequality will conversely normalize and exhibit the more positive moral emotions of self-transcendence (compassion, praise, and empathy). Inequality thus begets negative moral emotions. These various emotional reactions to moral events not only affect everyday interaction, but also overlap with criminal justice systems’ reactions to those who offend societies’ moral codes. The more negative the moral reaction in a society, the more likely events are to prompt feelings associated with condemning others, the more the criminal justice system will be similarly focused on sanctioning as opposed to rehabilitation.
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Scott, Brent A., Fadel K. Matta, and Joel Koopman. Within-Person Approaches to the Study of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Antecedents, Consequences, and Boundary Conditions. Edited by Philip M. Podsakoff, Scott B. Mackenzie, and Nathan P. Podsakoff. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219000.013.17.
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This chapter provides a review of the nascent (but growing) literature on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) at the within-person level of analysis. We organize our review of the existing literature chronologically, discussing antecedents and consequences of within-person fluctuations in OCB. After providing a narrative review of the literature, we provide a quantitative summary of the literature via meta-analysis, summarizing the within-person relationships between OCB and its most common within-person correlates (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, job satisfaction, stressors, strain, and task performance). Looking to the future of OCB at the within-person level of analysis, we suggest that researchers can contribute to the domain by tailoring the measurement of OCB to the within-person level of analysis, better illuminating the causal direction between OCB and affect, clarifying the relationship between OCB and counterproductive work behavior at the within-person level, expanding the “dark side” of within-person OCB, exploring between-person differences in within-person OCB variability, and incorporating new theories.
Book chapters on the topic "Positive and Negative Affect Scale"
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Tran, Vincent. "Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1508–9. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_978.
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Tran, Vincent. "Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1708–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_978.
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Watson, David, and Holly Levin-Aspenson. "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2722–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_9007.
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Ehrlichman, Howard. "Hemispheric Asymmetry and Positive-Negative Affect." In Duality and Unity of the Brain, 194–206. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08940-6_13.
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Watson, David, and Holly Levin-Aspenson. "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_9007-1.
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Ehrlichman, Howard. "Hemispheric Asymmetry and Positive-Negative Affect." In Duality and Unity of the Brain, 194–206. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1949-8_13.
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Brdar, Ingrid. "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 4918–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2212.
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Brdar, Ingrid. "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69909-7_2212-2.
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Thompson, Edmund R. "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 3963–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_62.
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Thompson, Edmund R. "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_62-1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Positive and Negative Affect Scale"
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HOIDRAG, Traian. "Self-stigma associated with seeking psychological help in adolescents with addictive behaviors." In Probleme ale ştiinţelor socioumanistice şi ale modernizării învăţământului. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46728/c.v1.25-03-2022.p235-240.
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Self-stigmatization is a barrier to accessing psychological services by people with various psycho emotional problems. The present study aimed to apply the Scale on Self-Stigma Related to the Request for Psychological Help on a group of adolescents (N = 1302, M = .46, SD = .49), aged between 12 and 18 years, with addictive behaviors. The results show that: boys have a higher level of self-stigma than girls; with age, self-stigma does not decrease; addictive behaviors correlate positively with the perception of the negative affect of self-esteem following the request for psychological help and negatively with the positive influence on self-esteem
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Arcan, Kuntay. "COMPULSIVE BUYING AND RELATED MOTIVES: ENHANCEMENT AND COPING." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact019.
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"Background: Research indicates that compulsive buying that refers to chronic, excessive shopping and expenditure isn’t rare, especially among the young people. However, related studies are limited. More research is required to advance our understanding about the phenomenon and to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Objectives: This study especially aimed to investigate the role of shopping motives for compulsive buying. For this purpose, coping and enhancement motives that were originally developed to assess drinking reasons were adapted for shopping. Examining the relationships of compulsive buying with demographics, spending frequency of different products, positive and negative affect were also other objectives of the study. Methods: The sample was composed of 362 voluntary university students selected through convenience sampling in Turkey. Majority of the participants were females (77.9%). The mean age was 21.91 (SD = 3.11). Participants rated the frequency of shopping motives for each of the 5 enhancement items (e.g. to get high, because it’s fun) and the 5 coping items (e.g. to forget worries, to relax) on 4 point Likert-scale (1: almost never, 4: almost always). Compulsive Buying Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were also utilized as standard measurement instruments. The participants rated their spending frequency on different products such as cosmetics, clothes, technological products, or furniture on a 1 to 4 scale (1: almost never, 4: almost always). Findings: According to the results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis being female, having younger age and lower GPA (1st step) in addition to higher personal income (2nd step), spending frequently for cosmetics, shoes and clothes (3rd step), having higher negative affect (4th step) were found to be associated with compulsive buying scores. Moreover, both enhancement and coping motives that were entered into the regression equation in the last step (5th step), also predicted the participants’ compulsive buying scores. The total explained variance was 58.2%. Conclusions: The findings of this study are important to indicate the possible risk factors for compulsive buying including age, gender, income, spending habits, and negative affect. Moreover, the results reveal that buying something in order to enhance positive affect and to avoid negative feelings can be prominent determinants of compulsive buying. Research from non-Western countries such as the present study are essentially important to highlight the associates of compulsive buying across cultures since majority of the relevant literature derive from studies conducted with Western participants."
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Tran, Thu Huong, Thi Ngoc Lan Le, Thi Minh Nguyen, and Thu Trang Le. "RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MODELS OF FAMILY EDUCATION AND DEVIANT BEHAVIORS AMONG TEENAGERS." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact031.
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"Background: An important predictor of adolescents’ developmental outcomes is a model of family education, described in terms of parental behaviors. Various parental behaviors were strongly associated with increasing risk of deviant behaviors at school. Methods: The study was conducted on 566 adolescents, comprising 280 males (49.5%) and 286 females (50.5%), of grade 11th and 12th, of age rang 16-17 years from different government colleges in Vietnam. There were 2 self-reported scales to be used: Parental behavior scale; Adolescent deviant behaviors; Data was analyzed by using reliability analysis to examine the psychometric properties of the scales. Results: There was a strong, negative correlation between school deviant behaviors in adolescents and the parental support model (with rfather =-.53, rmother =-.61, p-value <.01); a strong, positive correlation between the school deviant behaviors and the parental psychological control model (with rmother =.45 and rfather =.47, p-value<.01). Conclusions: In family education, positive behaviors used by parents such as supportive, warmth and moderate control would have a positive impact on the adolescent’s behavioral development; conversely, parents’ psychological control would negatively affect and give rise to deviant behaviors among adolescents."
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YAGIYAYEV, Illya, and Alina NOVOSELSKA. "SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES USAGE AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC CONDITIONS." In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.62.
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The relevance of the topic is related to the psychosocial consequences of the COVID19 pandemic. The aim is to study the subjective well-being during the beginning of the pandemic and introduction of the quarantine measures and their connection to social media activity. The methods employed in the present study include various types of questionnaires, namely the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, Emmnos, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), and an original questionnaire developed to study the impact of the pandemic and the respondents’ understanding and perceptions of it. The findings of the quantitative analysis show that the subjective well-being during the pandemic is connected to the use of social media, life satisfaction, health risks assessments and economic consequences, leisure time and the level of self-efficacy. A qualitative analysis indicates that at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine the negative predictions of the consequences of both the pandemic and the implemented quarantine measures prevail among the subjects. A longitudinal study during one month has found a reduction in health concerns, and respondents began to assess the threat to their health and economic consequences of the coronavirus pandemic as less serious than at the beginning. Thus, it can be concluded that from a short-term perspective the negative affect, especially the levels of fear and anxiety, decreased, whereas the level of the positive affect did not change. Keywords: psychological well-being, subjective well-being, pandemic, life satisfaction, social media, conspiracy theories, COVID-19.
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Khan-White, Thomas. ""EFFECT OF MINDFULNESS MEDITATION AND COPING STRATEGIES ON AFFECT AND DEPRESSION SYMPTOMATOLOGY AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS DURING NATIONAL LOCKDOWN - A PROSPECTIVE, NON-RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL "." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact089.
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"This prospective, non-randomised controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of brief app-based sessions of mindfulness meditation (MM) and utilisation of either problem-focused (PFC) or emotion-focused coping (EFC) styles on positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA) and depression symptomatology during nationwide lockdown due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study enrolled 19 medical students to undergo a 10-minute MM intervention. These same students were also divided into either PFC or EFC groups. Affect was measured using the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS), depression symptomatology was measured using the centre for epidemiological studies-depression (CES-D) scale and the brief COPE survey was used to categorise individuals as either PFC or EFC. Analysis showed no significant between-subject interaction for MM on PA, NA or CES-D score. Analysis of coping styles showed no significant between-subject interactions in relation to PA or NA, though CES-D scores approached significance (p=0.057) and PFC scored significantly lower than EFC at baseline (p=0.02). Significant within-subject effect of time found for PA and NA across both analyses (p<0.05). 61.1% of cohort scored above CES-D cut-off for being considered at risk of depression. These results identify a need for further work into more intensive MM interventions with larger sample sizes as well as study into stressors associated with lockdown to more fully establish whether PFC strategies are the most beneficial. In addition, a clearly high level of psychological distress has been implicated in this study population, which may have implications for student pastoral care during this period."
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Alexander, Kenneth R., Wei Xie, Deborah J. Derlacki, and Gerald A. Fishman. "Contrast polarity and letter identification." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.tuuu1.
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Evidence indicates that the spatial tuning properties of luminance increments and decrements may not be equivalent and that stimulus onset-offset characteristics can differentially affect contrast thresholds. The present study investigated whether this is the case for letter identification. Individual Sloan letters were presented as luminance increments or decrements on a gray-scale display of a Macintosh IIfx computer, with contrasts controlled by an ISR video attenuator. The temporal mode of presentation was either a rapid onset with a Gaussian offset, or the reverse. Contrast sensitivity for letter identification was measured with a forced-choice staircase procedure. When plotted in Rayleigh (Michelson) units, contrast sensitivity was higher for letters of positive than of equivalent negative contrast, and the contrast sensitivity function for letters of positive contrast extended to smaller letter sizes. In Weber units, however, contrast sensitivity was equivalent for increments and decrements of equal magnitudes. Performance at Weber contrasts greater than unity was predictable from a negative exponential fit to the letter contrast sensitivity functions. Onset-offset characteristics had no differential effect on letter contrast sensitivity. These results indicate that the Weber definition provides the better metric for specifying letter contrast, and the findings provide a framework for predicting the effect of contrast polarity on tasks that involve letter identification.
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Auzina-Emsina, Astra, and Velga Ozolina. "Transportation, logistics and regional development in COVID-19 era: modelling sectoral shocks caused by policy and safety measures." In Research for Rural Development 2021 : annual 27th International scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.27.2021.021.
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COVID-19 policy and measures have caused both negative and positive challenges for the transport sector. The aim of the research is to model an impact of shocks that transport and logistics encounter during the COVID-19 era on the economy and regional development. A comparative-static approach that involves an input-output model with additional regional modelling block and scenarios are applied. Two scenarios are estimated for Latvia’s economy: firstly, extremely dramatic decline in demand on air transport services by 90%; secondly, unexpected increase in demand for postal and courier services that doubled output. The results of the first scenario argue that the service sector is influenced more than manufacturing due to air transport collapse –rental and leasing services (-11.6%), employment services (-9.7%), other transport services (-7.0%), impact on manufacturing is relatively minor and only on certain branches. The results of the second scenario on doubled output in postal and courier services argue that there is a positive impact, but the scale is relatively low, the most affected industries are manufacturing (of paper products (increase by 1.7%), rubber and plastic goods (1.6%)). The findings confirm that the urban areas due to higher economic activity and larger service sector are more affected to the modelled shocks both negative and positive. The rural areas are relatively less negatively affected during the crisis, but at the same time, during the recovery (for example, in the post-COVID era) it may lead to weaker economic activity and the rural areas will continue to lag behind urban areas.
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Bikse, Iveta, and Uldis Pāvuls. "Supervisor and Co-Worker Feedback Environment and Blue-Collar Employee Engagement." In 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2022.05.
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The aim of the research is to study the relationships between feedback and employee engagement among manufacturing workers. There has been little research on the topic involving low-skilled or blue-collared employees. The aim of the study is to identify what are relationships between the feedback provided by one’s supervisor and their co-workers and the employee engagement in manufacturing companies. Three hypotheses were tested. First, there is positive correlation between high scores of supervisor feedback environment and co-worker feedback environment and employee engagement. Second – there is negative relationship between the age of workers and their engagement; the third hypothesis – there is positive relationship between the blue-collar employees’ tenure and their work engagement. The study involved 495 respondents, blue-collar workers in manufacturing companies. The average age of the respondents was 42 years (range 18 to 75 years), and their work experience ranges from 0 to 10+ years. Questionnaire in Latvian and Russian were prepared for the study. Instruments used– Feedback Environment Scale (Steelman & Levy, 2004) was adapted and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9, Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003). The results confirm findings of previous studies – high indicators in feedback environment predict high level of employee engagement. Supervisor feedback has higher level of influence than the one provided by co-workers. The most important factors of feedback provided by one’s supervisor that affect the engagement are Feedback quality and Favorable feedback. The important factors of co-worker feedback are the Feedback delivery and Favorable feedback. The effect of age and tenure on engagement was not confirmed.
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Li, Yanjie, Weining Fang, Beiyuan Guo, and Haifeng Bao. "Morning Boost on Alertness, Cognitive Performance and Mood with Dynamic Lighting." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001988.
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The monotonous lighting environment in the windowless workplace as well as the heavy tasks during peak hours can seriously affect healthy individuals’ vitality and work performance, with the result of leading to decision-making errors and even human safety accidents. In this study, an exploratory experiment on the perception of lighting environment was conducted in an experimental windowless environment, aiming at comparing the non-visual biological effects of static lighting and dynamic lighting on alertness, cognitive performance and mood during the peak morning work period. Meanwhile, the effect of task difficulty on lighting environment perception was also taken into account. All 16 subjects containing 8male and 8 female (mean age = 23.63 years, SD = 1.088 years) were required to perform a set of cognitive tasks under static light (4000K, 500lx) and dynamic light（CCT between 4000 and 12000K, 500lx）for 50 minutes. During each lighting condition, participants completed a 5-min Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), an n-back task including 0-back, 1-back, 2-back, and a MATB-Ⅱ containing low, medium, high trials. Seven testing methods that questionnaires（Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule）, task performance（PVT, N-back, MATB-Ⅱ）and physiological methods（ERP, melatonin）were used to measure alertness, cognitive performance and subjective mood. The results indicated that a significant improvement in the subjective alertness and response speed to external stimuli under dynamic lighting vs. static lighting, which could depend on the duration of light exposure. N-back response time was significantly lower under dynamic lighting vs. static lighting and MATB-Ⅱ performance was also better under dynamic lighting which indicates that dynamic lighting has a significantly positive effect on individuals’ working memory and executive control function. Attention should be paid to the fact that the effect of dynamic lighting on cognitive performance was affected by the task difficulty. No significant difference was found between dynamic lighting and static lighting in P300, nor in the subjective mood. The findings from this study show the feasibility of dynamic lighting acting as an environmental intervention for supporting individuals’ psycho-biological wellbeing in a closed environment. Further study would concentrate on the non-image forming effects of dynamic lighting on alertness, cognitive performance and mood during the afternoon or night shift period.
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ILIE, Vlad-Alexandru, Adina-Eliza CROITORU, and Titus-Cristian MAN. "MEDITERRANEAN CYCLONES TRACKS IN EUROPE WITH SPECIAL VIEW OVER ROMANIA (1985-2015)." In SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE. Publishing House of “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2021.22.14.
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Mediterranean cyclones (MCs) affect not only the countries neighboring the Mediterranean basin, but also the weather conditions in regions that are not in direct contact with the Mediterranean basin such as Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, including Romania. They are associated, in general, with extreme weather events. This study considered data over a 30-yr. period (December 1, 1986 – November 30, 2015). For MCs identification and their track tracing, the mean sea level pressure, 500 hPa geopotential heights, 500-1000 hPa relative topography and 850 hPa pseudo-equivalent potential temperature were employed. The European spatial domain was delimited as 30°-60° N latitude and as 20° V - 45 ° E longitude. To select those cyclones influencing the weather in Romania a square-shaped area whose external limits are located about 500 km from the center of Romania was used. For tracing the trajectory, the low-pressure center position at every 6 hours was considered. Frequency of occurence and track density were analyzed considering two temporal approaches: i. for the entire period and for three 10-yr subperiods; ii. the annual and seasonal scale for the entire period. For track density, the anomalies for each 10-yr sub-period and for each season were calculated. The main findings of this study are: the most exposed area to MCs are central and eastern Mediterranean regions, 43.39% of the cyclones generated in the Mediterranean basin crossed the region of Romania; seasonally, the highest occurrence frequency is specific to winter and the lowest to summer; no significant changes in the annual or seasonal occurrence was detected; during the second 10-yr sub-period weak to moderate positive anomalies were detected, whereas during the first and the last ones, positive and negative anomalies were found depending on the season and region; seasonal average position of the MCs tracks revealed the largest shift from one sub-period to another in winter and the smallest in autumn.
Reports on the topic "Positive and Negative Affect Scale"
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Hodgdon, Taylor, Anthony Fuentes, Brian Quinn, Bruce Elder, and Sally Shoop. Characterizing snow surface properties using airborne hyperspectral imagery for autonomous winter mobility. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42189.
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With changing conditions in northern climates it is crucial for the United States to have assured mobility in these high-latitude regions. Winter terrain conditions adversely affect vehicle mobility and, as such, they must be accurately characterized to ensure mission success. Previous studies have attempted to remotely characterize snow properties using varied sensors. However, these studies have primarily used satellite-based products that provide coarse spatial and temporal resolution, which is unsuitable for autonomous mobility. Our work employs the use of an Unmanned Aeriel Vehicle (UAV) mounted hyperspectral camera in tandem with machine learning frameworks to predict snow surface properties at finer scales. Several machine learning models were trained using hyperspectral imagery in tandem with in-situ snow measurements. The results indicate that random forest and k-nearest neighbors models had the lowest Mean Absolute Error for all surface snow properties. A pearson correlation matrix showed that density, grain size, and moisture content all had a significant positive correlation to one another. Mechanically, density and grain size had a slightly positive correlation to compressive strength, while moisture had a much weaker negative correlation. This work provides preliminary insight into the efficacy of using hyperspectral imagery for characterizing snow properties for autonomous vehicle mobility.
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Taucher, Jan, and Markus Schartau. Report on parameterizing seasonal response patterns in primary- and net community production to ocean alkalinization. OceanNETs, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d5.2.
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We applied a 1-D plankton ecosystem-biogeochemical model to assess the impacts of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) on seasonal changes in biogeochemistry and plankton dynamics. Depending on deployment scenarios, OAE should theoretically have variable effects on pH and seawater pCO2, which might in turn affect (a) plankton growth conditions and (b) the efficiency of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) via OAE. Thus, a major focus of our work is how different magnitudes and temporal frequencies of OAE might affect seasonal response patterns of net primary productivity (NPP), ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycling. With our study we aimed at identifying a parameterization of how magnitude and frequency of OAE affect net growth rates, so that these effects could be employed for Earth System Modell applications. So far we learned that a meaningful response parameterization has to resolve positive and negative anomalies that covary with temporal shifts. As to the intricacy of the response patterns, the derivation of such parameterization is work in progress. However, our study readily provides valuable insights to how OAE can alter plankton dynamics and biogeochemistry. Our modelling study first focuses at a local site where time series data are available (European Station for Time series in the Ocean Canary Islands ESTOC), including measurements of pH, concentrations of total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), chlorophyll-a and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). These observational data were made available by Andres Cianca (personal communication, PLOCAN, Spain), Melchor Gonzalez and Magdalena Santana Casiano (personal communication, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria). The choice of this location was underpinned by the fact that the first OAE mesocosm experiment was conducted on the Canary Island Gran Canaria, which will facilitate synthesizing our modelling approach with experimental findings. For our simulations at the ESTOC site in the Subtropical North Atlantic we found distinct, non-linear responses of NPP to different temporal modes of alkalinity deployment. In particular, phytoplankton bloom patterns displayed pronounced temporal phase shifts and changes in their amplitude. Notably, our simulations suggest that OAE can have a slightly stimulating effect on NPP, which is however variable, depending on the magnitude of OAE and the temporal mode of alkalinity addition. Furthermore, we find that increasing alkalinity perturbations can lead to a shift in phytoplankton community composition (towards coccolithophores), which even persists after OAE has stopped. In terms of CDR, we found that a decrease in efficiency with increasing magnitude of alkalinity addition, as well as substantial differences related to the timing of addition. Altogether, our results suggest that annual OAE during the right season (i.e. physical and biological conditions), could be a reasonable compromise in terms of logistical feasibility, efficiency of CDR and side-effects on marine biota. With respect to transferability to global models, the complex, non-linear responses of biological processes to OAE identified in our simulations do not allow for simple parameterizations that can easily adapted. Dedicated future work is required to transfer the observed responses at small spatiotemporal scales to the coarser resolution of global models.
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Pirateque-Niño, Javier Eliecer, Daniela Rodríguez-Novoa, and José Hernán Piñeros-Gordo. Does monetary policy affect the net interest margin of credit institutions? Evidence from Colombia. Banco de la República, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1197.
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This paper analyzes empirically the relationship between monetary policy interventions and the net interest margin of Colombian credit institutions for the 2003 – 2019 period. Considering the endogeneity problem that arises when analysing this relationship, we calculate a series of monetary policy shocks as the residuals of regressing the monetary policy rate on a set of quantifiable variables that the Central Bank of Colombia’s Board of Directors had at each of its monetary policy meetings. Thereafter, we conduct a panel regression analysis in which we relate these shocks, and a set of macroeconomic and bank-specific variables to the net interest margin. Through a non-linear approach, we find a significant quadratic relationship, which reflects that once the endogeneity problem is overcome, the net interest margin increases to policy shocks. The net interest margin increases to positive policy shocks due to the different dynamics of deposits and loans, and increases to negative policy shocks given the higher sensitivity of banks’ funding costs compared to the one of interest income.
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Ying, Hongan, Jinfan Shao, Xijuan Xu, Wenfeng Yu, and Weiwen Hong. Perineural Invasion is an Indication of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Node Negative Colorectal cancer. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0103.
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Review question / Objective: Perineural invasion (PNI) is a possible route for metastatic spread in various cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). PNI is linked to poor prognosis. For patients with lymph node positive colorectal cancer, a number of large-scale RCT studies have confirmed that they can benefit from chemotherapy, but there are still many controversies about whether colorectal patients with negative lymph nodes need adjuvant chemotherapy. At present, there is a general consensus that patients with stage II colorectal cancer who have risk factors such as PNI+ need chemotherapy. However, there are many recent literatures that show that patients with stage II colorectal cancer with nerve invasion risk factors can not prolong the OS and DFS of patients. At the same time, chemotherapy increases the toxicity, economic and mental burden of patients. Therefore, we hope to write this review to summarize the current research findings and provide some clinical guidance on whether patients with lymph node negative colon cancer who have perineural invasion should receive chemotherapy. Condition being studied: Patients with high-risk such as PNI+ stage II colon cancer (CC) are recommended to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). However, whether such patients can benefit from ACT remains unclear. And recently studies shown that, ACT had no significant benefit among patients with PNI.
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Valencia, Oscar, Matilde Angarita, Juan Santaella, and Marcela De Castro. Do Immigrants Bring Fiscal Dividends?: The Case of Venezuelan Immigration in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002993.
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This paper analyzes the effects of recent Venezuelan immigration to Colombia on the fiscal balance, the labor market, and economic growth. For this purpose, we built a dynamic general equilibrium model with a search and matching structure in the labor market. The higher fiscal spending to address immigration negatively impacts the government's budget in the short term, which is offset by higher output, consumption, and employment level, increasing the government's revenues mainly through indirect tax collection. The effect on the labor market is different for unskilled workers--whose higher supply generates a negative effect on wages and an increase in the unemployment rate--and skilled workers, who benefit from higher wages and lower unemployment. These changes in the labor market affect the government's revenue, resulting, in the long term, in positive fiscal dividends of migration.
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Capdevila, Lluis, Josep-Maria Losilla, Carla Alfonso, Tony Estrella, and Jaume F. Lalanza. Physical Activity and Planetary Health: a scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0028.
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Review question / Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to scope the body of literature, clarify concepts, investigate research conduct and to identify knowledge gaps about the physical activity (PA) behavior in a context of planetary health. The proposed study will review the existing literature considering PA beyond the scope of mere health behaviour, focusing on its potential impacts on planetary health and sustainable development. We will differentiate the PA behavior of the PA facilities or context like green-space or blue-space. Specific objectives are to provide knowledge about: 1. Which PA behaviors are sustainable for the planet and which are not. 2. What are the characteristics of sustainable PA behaviors. 3. What are the positive and negative impacts of PA behaviors on planetary health. Condition being studied: In this case, it is studied how the active lifestyle and the practice of physical activities, exercise or sports of people affect planetary health.
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Hotsur, Oksana. SOCIAL NETWORKS AND BLOGS AS TOOLS PR-CAMPAIGN IMPLEMENTATIONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11110.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the ways in which social networks and the blogosphere influence the formation and implementation of a PR campaign. Examples from the political sphere (election campaigns, initiatives), business (TV brands, traditional and online media) have revealed the opportunities that Facebook, Telegram, Twitter, YouTube and blogs promote in promoting advertising, ideas, campaigns, thoughts, or products. Author blogs created on special websites or online media may not be as much of a tool in PR as an additional tool on social media. It is noted that choosing a blog as the main tool of PR campaign has both positive and negative points. Social networks intervene in the sphere of human life, become a means of communication, promotion, branding. The effectiveness of social networks has been evidenced by such historically significant events as Brexit, the Arab Spring, and the Revolution of Dignity. Special attention was paid to the 2019 presidential election. Based on the analysis of individual PR campaigns, the reasons for successful and unsuccessful campaigns from the point of view of network communication, which provide unlimited multimedia and interactive tools for PR, are highlighted. In fact, these concepts significantly affect the effectiveness of the implementation of PR-campaign, its final effectiveness, which is determined by the achievement of goals. Attention is drawn to the culture of communication during the PR campaign, as well as the concepts of “trolls”, “trolling”, “bots”, “botoin industry”. The social communication component of these concepts is unconditional. Choosing a blog as the main tool of a marketing campaign has both positive and negative aspects. Only a person with great creative potential can run and create a blog. In addition, it takes a long time. In fact, these two points are losing compared to other internet marketing tools. Further research is interesting in two respects. First, a comparison of the dynamics of the effectiveness of PR-campaign tools in Ukraine in 2020 and in the past, in particular, at the dawn of state independence. Secondly, to investigate how/or the concept of PR-campaigns in social networks and blogs is constantly changing.
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Mueller, C., S. J. Piercey, M. G. Babechuk, and D. Copeland. Stratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of the Goldenville horizon and associated rocks, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328990.
Full textAbstract:
The Goldenville horizon in the Baie Verte Peninsula is an important stratigraphic horizon that hosts primary (Cambrian to Ordovician) exhalative magnetite and pyrite and was a chemical trap for younger (Silurian to Devonian) orogenic gold mineralization. The horizon is overlain by basaltic flows and volcaniclastic rocks, is intercalated with variably coloured argillites and cherts, and underlain by mafic volcaniclastic rocks; the entire stratigraphy is cut by younger fine-grained mafic dykes and coarser gabbro. Lithogeochemical signatures of the Goldenville horizon allow it to be divided into high-Fe iron formation (HIF; &gt;50% Fe2O3), low-Fe iron formation (LIF; 15-50% Fe2O3), and argillite with iron minerals (AIF; &lt;15% Fe2O3). These variably Fe-rich rocks have Fe-Ti-Mn-Al systematics consistent with element derivation from varying mineral contributions from hydrothermal venting and ambient detrital sedimentation. Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized rare earth element (REE) signatures for the HIF samples have negative Ce anomalies and patterns similar to modern hydrothermal sediment deposited under oxygenated ocean conditions. The PAAS-normalized REE signatures of LIF samples have positive Ce anomalies, similar to hydrothermal sediment deposited under anoxic to sub-oxic conditions. The paradoxical Ce behaviour is potentially explained by the Mn geochemistry of the LIF samples. The LIF have elevated MnO contents (2.0-7.5 weight %), suggesting that Mn from hydrothermal fluids was oxidized in an oxygenated water column during hydrothermal venting, Mn-oxides then scavenged Ce from seawater, and these Mn-oxides were subsequently deposited in the hydrothermal sediment. The Mn-rich LIF samples with positive Ce anomalies are intercalated with HIF with negative Ce anomalies, both regionally and on a metre scale within drill holes. Thus, the LIF positive Ce anomaly signature may record extended and particle-specific scavenging rather than sub-oxic/redox-stratified marine conditions. Collectively, results suggest that the Cambro-Ordovician Taconic seaway along the Laurentian margin may have been completely or near-completely oxygenated at the time of Goldenville horizon deposition.
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Barash, Itamar, and Robert Rhoads. Translational Mechanisms Governing Milk Protein Levels and Composition. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696526.bard.
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Original objectives: The long-term goal of the research is to achieve higher protein content in the milk of ruminants by modulating the translational apparatus of the mammary gland genetically, nutritionally, or pharmacologically. The short-term objectives are to obtain a better understanding of 1) the role of amino acids (AA) as regulators of translation in bovine and mouse mammary epithelial cells and 2) the mechanism responsible for the synergistic enhancement of milk-protein mRNA polyadenylation by insulin and prolactin. Background of the topic: In many cell types and tissues, individual AA affect a signaling pathway which parallels the insulin pathway to modulate rates and levels of protein synthesis. Diverse nutritional and hormonal conditions are funneled to mTOR, a multidomain serine/threonine kinase that regulates a number of components in the initiation and elongation stages of translation. The mechanism by which AA signal mTOR is largely unknown. During the current grant period, we have studied the effect of essential AA on mechanisms involved in protein synthesis in differentiated mammary epithelial cells cultured under lactogenic conditions. We also studied lactogenic hormone regulation of milk protein synthesis in differentiated mammary epithelial cells. In the first BARD grant (2000-03), we discovered a novel mechanism for mRNA-specific hormone-regulated translation, namely, that the combination of insulin plus prolactin causes cytoplasmic polyadenylation of milk protein mRNAs, which leads to their efficient translation. In the current BARD grant, we have pursued the signaling pathways of this novel hormone action. Major conclusions/solutions/achievements: The positive and negative signaling from AA to the mTOR pathway, combined with modulation of insulin sensitization, mediates the synthesis rates of total and specific milk proteins in mammary epithelial cells. The current in vitro study revealed cryptic negative effects of Lys, His, and Thr on cellular mechanisms regulating translation initiation and protein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells that could not be detected by conventional in vivo analyses. We also showed that a signaling pathway involving Jak2 and Stat5, previously shown to lead from the prolactin receptor to transcription of milk protein genes, is also used for cytoplasmic polyadenylation of milk protein mRNAs, thereby stabilizing these mRNAs and activating them for translation. Implications: In vivo, plasma AA levels are affected by nutritional and hormonal effects as well as by conditions of exercise and stress. The amplitude in plasma AA levels resembles that applied in the current in vitro study. Thus, by changing plasma AA levels in the epithelial cell microenvironment or by sensitizing the mTOR pathway to their presence, it should be possible to modulate the rate of milk protein synthesis. Furthermore, knowledge that phosphorylation of Stat5 is required for enhanced milk protein synthesis in response to lactogenic opens the possibility for pharmacologic approaches to increase the phosphorylation of Stat5 and, thereby, milk protein production.
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Syvash, Kateryna. AUDIENCE FEEDBACK AS AN ELEMENT OF PARASOCIAL COMMUNICATION WITH SCREEN MEDIA-PERSONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11062.
Full textAbstract:
Parasocial communication is defined as an illusory and one-sided interaction between the viewer and the media person, which is analogous to interpersonal communication. Among the classic media, television has the greatest potential for such interaction through a combination of audio and visual series and a wide range of television content – from newscasts to talent shows. Viewers’ reaction to this product can be seen as a defining element of parasociality and directly affect the popularity of a media person and the ratings of the TV channel. In this article we will consider feedback as part of parasocial communication and describe ways to express it in times of media transformations. The psychological interaction «media person – viewer» had been the focus of research by both psychologists and media experts for over 60 years. During the study, scientists described the predictors, functions, manifestations and possible consequences of paracommunication. One of the key elements of the formed parasocial connections is the real audience reaction. Our goal is to conceptualize the concept of feedback in the paradigm of parasocial communication and describe the main types of reactions to the media person in long-term parasocial relationships. The research focuses on the ways in which the viewer’s feedback on the television media person is expressed, bypassing the issue of classifying the audience’s feedback as «positive» and «negative». For this purpose, more than 20 interdisciplinary scientific works on the issue of parasocial interaction were analyzed and their generalization was carried out. Based on previous research, the types and methods of feedback in the television context are separated. With successful parasocial interaction, the viewer can react in different ways to the media person. The type of feedback will directly depend on the strength of the already established communication with the media person. We distinguish seven types of feedback and divide them into those that occur during or after a television show; those that are spontaneous or planned; aimed directly at the media person or third parties. We offer the following types of feedback from TV viewers: «talking to the TV»; telling about the experience of parasocial communication to others; following on social networks; likes and comments; imitation of behavior and appearance; purchase of recommended brands; fanart.