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Academic literature on the topic 'Porus Framework'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Porus Framework"

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Mizutani, Yoichiro, Masateru Hattori, Masahiko Okuyama, Toshihiro Kasuga, and Masayuki Nogami. "Preparation of Porous Composites with a Porous Framework Using Hydroxyapatite Whiskers and Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Short Fibers." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 1079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.1079.

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A new type of porous composite with a porous framework was prepared using a mixture of hydroxyapatite whiskers (W-HA) and poly(L-lactic acid) short fibers (F-PLLA) by a particle-leaching technique. The material, composed of a porous framework with interconnecting pore of >1 µm, has large-sized pores of about 200 µm. The large-sized pores were formed by leaching sucrose granules. The porosity can be controlled in the range from 60 to 85 % by the sucrose content. The small-sized pores in the framework formed due to the poor densification of the W-HAs / F-PLLAs mixture. The pore distribution in the framework can be controlled by the compressing pressure without change in the distribution of large-sized pores.
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Alves Brito-Neto, Jose Geraldo, Taku Matsuzaka, Yosuke Saito, and Masanori Hayase. "Porous Metal Frameworks on Silicon Substrates." Advances in Science and Technology 54 (September 2008): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.54.416.

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In this work, we describe the use of porous Si as a base material for the production of porous metal layers by a galvanic displacement reaction. We have applied this process for the production of porous Pt, Au, Ru and Pd layers. By adding HF to the reaction bath, we achieve a virtually complete displacement of Si by the metal. We have worked with porous Si samples of different morphologies, obtained on differently doped Si substrates, and studied the influence of the chemical nature of the metal precursor on the morphology of the porous metal layer produced. The samples were studied by SEM with EDS, BET analysis, and voltammetry. Porous metal layers comprising random agglomerates of spherical particles with diameters between 50 and 100 nm are usually obtained, while the original porous Si samples show arrays of straight pores. With Au, using its ethylenediamine complex, the original straight pore morphology could be preserved.
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Wang, Sue-Lein. "Mesoporous Metal Phosphites with 3D Crystalline Frameworks." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314088809.

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The synthesis of crystalline porous solids is of great importance in the area of materials chemistry. Naturally occurring zeolites are mostly crystalline; however, they possess pores/channels that only allow small species smaller than 1 nm in diameter to pass through. One exception is the mineral cacoxenite, containing 36-membered ring (36R) channels that allow guest species of up to 1.41 nm in diameter to pass through. In the past, much effort has been devoted to the development of zeolitic materials. Even though multi-faceted design strategies were utilized, the discovery of larger inorganic channels was often accidental. Compared with amorphous mesoporous silicates that contain synthetically tunable pores, zeolitic crystalline structures lack rational synthesis routes. In general, molecular templating leads to crystalline frameworks whereas organized assemblies that are able to produce much larger pores lead to noncrystalline frameworks. Synthetic methods that generate crystallinity from both discrete and organized templates represent a viable design strategy for the development of crystalline porous inorganic frameworks spanning both the micro and the meso regimes. We show by integrating templating mechanisms for both zeolites and mesoporous silica in a single system, the channel size for gallium zincophosphites can be tuned systematically up to 64R and 72R. With apertures of 3.5 nm, the new compounds represent the first non-disordered structures for mesoporous solids. Through the use of long straight-chain alkyl monoamines as templates, three common building blocks are induced that repeatedly self assemble into two isotypic porous frameworks with the ability to increasingly enlarge channel size. The rational design of crystalline porous metal oxides is achieved for the first time. A general formula was derived to predict new members with even larger channels along with their individual space group symmetry.
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Li, Pei-Zhou, Jie Su, Jie Liang, Jia Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Hongzhong Chen, and Yanli Zhao. "A highly porous metal–organic framework for large organic molecule capture and chromatographic separation." Chemical Communications 53, no. 24 (2017): 3434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc01063j.

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Zharkov, Evgeny. "Post-Normal Times Laboratory." Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics V, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2587-8719-2021-4-65-77.

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Nowadays, for science as a type of activity and a socio-cultural institution, the question of the boundaries of its own agency is extremely relevant. Various global challenges (energy, climate, pandemics, security, etc.) are in tune with the challenges for the very concept of science, for its norms and values. In a discussion article, V.N. Porus and V.A. Bazhanov discuss aspects of the political agency of post-normal science (J. Ravetz, S. Funtowicz) — a type of science that claims to go beyond normal science (T. Kuhn) as a process simple and definite solution of problems within the framework of the prevailing paradigms. This article discusses aspects of the political subjectivity of science in the language of locations, the most important of which is the laboratory, understood in broad socio-cultural and socio-epistemic aspects. With the involvement of historical and scientific (atomic-nuclear problem) and modern situational cases (COVID-19), the problems of the relationship between “scientific” and “political” in the location of the expanded laboratory are considered. In the extended laboratory, the situational realization of the political agency of science is carried out. It is emphasized that science has not yet acquired the status of an independent and full-fledged political agency, and the corresponding institutionalization. The political agency of science is specific and episodic. Loaded with complexity and uncertainty modernity is considered by a number of authors at the present time as a post-normal times. It is noted that in the light of the post-normal nature of modernity while striving for political subjectivity, science (at the level of a multitude of participating actors) should not change its “personal ontology” (responsibility for the truth), which is difficult to achieve without an appeal to the virtue of wisdom.
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Li, Xiao-Hui, Yi-Wei Liu, Shu-Mei Liu, Shuang Wang, Li Xu, Zhong Zhang, Fang Luo, Ying Lu, and Shu-Xia Liu. "A gel-like/freeze-drying strategy to construct hierarchically porous polyoxometalate-based metal–organic framework catalysts." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 11 (2018): 4678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta10334d.

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Wang, Zi, and Zhongyu Hou. "Room-temperature fabrication of a three-dimensional porous silicon framework inspired by a polymer foaming process." Chemical Communications 53, no. 63 (2017): 8858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc04309k.

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Park, Seung-Keun, Jin-Sung Park, and Yun Chan Kang. "Selenium-infiltrated metal–organic framework-derived porous carbon nanofibers comprising interconnected bimodal pores for Li–Se batteries with high capacity and rate performance." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 3 (2018): 1028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta09676c.

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Lee, Seonghwan, Seok Jeong, Junmo Seong, Jaewoong Lim, Amitosh Sharma, Somi Won, Dohyun Moon, Seung Bin Baek, and Myoung Soo Lah. "Solvent-mediated framework flexibility of interdigitated 2D layered metal–organic frameworks." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 5, no. 9 (2021): 3621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qm00251a.

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The 2D framework with guest molecules in the solvent pores shows reversible framework expansion and contraction, whereas the 2D framework without guest molecules does not show framework expansion under the same conditions.
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Wang, Zhen, Yan-Qun Liu, Yu-Hang Zhao, Qing-Pu Zhang, Yu-Ling Sun, Bin-Bin Yang, Jian-Hua Bu, and Chun Zhang. "Highly covalent molecular cage based porous organic polymer: pore size control and pore property enhancement." RSC Advances 12, no. 26 (2022): 16486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra02343a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Porus Framework"

1

Taksande, Kiran. "Exploration of the Ionic Conduction Properties of Porous MOF Materials." Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONS010.

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Ce travail a pour objectif l’étude de matériaux hybrides poreux de type Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) et d’un cristal moléculaire en tant que conducteurs ioniques solides pour des applications dans le domaine de l’énergie et de l’environnement. Dans le premier cas, nous avons développé diverses stratégies pour optimiser et contrôler la teneur en sites acides de Lewis et en porteurs de charges de deux séries de MOFs afin de concevoir des matériaux aux propriétés de conduction protonique très prometteuses. A partir d’une approche basée sur la substitution progressive des ligands par des entités fonctionnalisées présentant des sources de protons acides, nous avons créé une série de MOFs, MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x, dont la teneur en groupements sulfoniques, par l’intermédiaire du ligand SO3H-IPA, est contrôlée à façon. Le meilleur matériau qui combine stabilité structurale et conduction protonique élevée présente des performances sous humidité parmi les plus intéressantes au sein de la famille des MOFs conducteurs protoniques (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 à 363 K/95% d’humidité relative (RH)). Selon une autre approche, nous avons étudié un MOF mésoporeux connu (MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H) dont les parois des pores sont tapissées de sites protoniques et qui contient dans ses pores un liquide ionique, le chlorure chlorure de 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMIMCl) capable d’assurer le transfert de proton. L’encapsulation du liquide ionique, caractérisée par une série d’outils expérimentaux (sorption de diazote, DRX sur poudre, TGA/MS, DSC et analyse élémentaire), s’avère particulièrement efficace pour exalter les propriétés de conduction protonique des composites à la fois à l’état anhydre (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) mais également à l’état hydraté (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1). Enfin, ce travail a été étendu à une autre famille de solides poreux, à travers l’étude des propriétés de conduction ionique d’un cristal moléculaire à base de zirconium (Zr-3) qui contient des paires ioniques KCl. Nous avons démontré que ZF-3 transite d’un comportement isolant à l’état anhydre (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 à 363 K/0% RH) vers un comportement super-conducteur ionique en présence d’eau (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 à 363 K/95 % RH), suite à l’augmentation de la dynamique de ions Cl- sous hydratation. Par ailleurs, des simulations moléculaires ont permis de décrire les mécanismes microscopiques à l’origine des propriétés de conduction des matériaux étudiés. Ces avancées devraient permettre de développer dans le futur de nouveaux matériaux performants dans le domaine de la conduction protonique et ionique
The conductivity performance of a new series of chemically stable proton conducting Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as well as a superionic molecular crystal was explored. The contribution of this PhD was to (i) select a variety of architectures and functionalities of robust MOFs/superionic molecular solids and (ii) characterize and rationalize their conducting performance over various temperature/humidity conditions. We designed two series of MOFs to achieve promising proton-conducting performance, using distinct approaches to modulate the concentration of Brønsted acidic sites and charge carriers and further boost the conductivity properties. First, a multicomponent ligand replacement strategy was successfully employed to elaborate a series of multivariate sulfonic-based solids MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x which combine structural integrity with high proton conductivity values (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 at 363 K/95% Relative Humidity -RH-). Secondly, a proton conducting composite was prepared through the impregnation of an ionic liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, EMIMCl) in the mesoporous MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H. The resulting composite displaying high thermal and chemical stability, exhibits outstanding proton conductivity not only at the anhydrous state (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) but also under humidity (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1) conditions. Finally, the ionic conducting properties of another class of porous solids, considering a zirconium-formate molecular solid containing KCl ion pairs (ZF-3) were explored. ZF-3 switches from an insulator (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 at 363 K/0% RH) to a superionic conductor upon hydration (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 363 K/95 % RH), in relation with the boost of Cl- dynamics upon water adsorption. Noteworthy, quantum- and force-field based simulations were combined with the experimental approach to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms at the origin of the ionic conducting properties of the studied materials. This fundamental knowledge will serve to create novel robust superionic conductors with outstanding performances that will pave the way towards appealing societal applications for clean energy production
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2

Taksande, Kiran. "Exploration of the Ionic Conduction Properties of Porous MOF Materials." Thesis, Montpellier, 2022. https://ged.scdi-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2022UMONS010.

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Ce travail a pour objectif l’étude de matériaux hybrides poreux de type Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) et d’un cristal moléculaire en tant que conducteurs ioniques solides pour des applications dans le domaine de l’énergie et de l’environnement. Dans le premier cas, nous avons développé diverses stratégies pour optimiser et contrôler la teneur en sites acides de Lewis et en porteurs de charges de deux séries de MOFs afin de concevoir des matériaux aux propriétés de conduction protonique très prometteuses. A partir d’une approche basée sur la substitution progressive des ligands par des entités fonctionnalisées présentant des sources de protons acides, nous avons créé une série de MOFs, MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x, dont la teneur en groupements sulfoniques, par l’intermédiaire du ligand SO3H-IPA, est contrôlée à façon. Le meilleur matériau qui combine stabilité structurale et conduction protonique élevée présente des performances sous humidité parmi les plus intéressantes au sein de la famille des MOFs conducteurs protoniques (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 à 363 K/95% d’humidité relative (RH)). Selon une autre approche, nous avons étudié un MOF mésoporeux connu (MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H) dont les parois des pores sont tapissées de sites protoniques et qui contient dans ses pores un liquide ionique, le chlorure chlorure de 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMIMCl) capable d’assurer le transfert de proton. L’encapsulation du liquide ionique, caractérisée par une série d’outils expérimentaux (sorption de diazote, DRX sur poudre, TGA/MS, DSC et analyse élémentaire), s’avère particulièrement efficace pour exalter les propriétés de conduction protonique des composites à la fois à l’état anhydre (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) mais également à l’état hydraté (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1). Enfin, ce travail a été étendu à une autre famille de solides poreux, à travers l’étude des propriétés de conduction ionique d’un cristal moléculaire à base de zirconium (Zr-3) qui contient des paires ioniques KCl. Nous avons démontré que ZF-3 transite d’un comportement isolant à l’état anhydre (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 à 363 K/0% RH) vers un comportement super-conducteur ionique en présence d’eau (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 à 363 K/95 % RH), suite à l’augmentation de la dynamique de ions Cl- sous hydratation. Par ailleurs, des simulations moléculaires ont permis de décrire les mécanismes microscopiques à l’origine des propriétés de conduction des matériaux étudiés. Ces avancées devraient permettre de développer dans le futur de nouveaux matériaux performants dans le domaine de la conduction protonique et ionique
The conductivity performance of a new series of chemically stable proton conducting Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as well as a superionic molecular crystal was explored. The contribution of this PhD was to (i) select a variety of architectures and functionalities of robust MOFs/superionic molecular solids and (ii) characterize and rationalize their conducting performance over various temperature/humidity conditions. We designed two series of MOFs to achieve promising proton-conducting performance, using distinct approaches to modulate the concentration of Brønsted acidic sites and charge carriers and further boost the conductivity properties. First, a multicomponent ligand replacement strategy was successfully employed to elaborate a series of multivariate sulfonic-based solids MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x which combine structural integrity with high proton conductivity values (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 at 363 K/95% Relative Humidity -RH-). Secondly, a proton conducting composite was prepared through the impregnation of an ionic liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, EMIMCl) in the mesoporous MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H. The resulting composite displaying high thermal and chemical stability, exhibits outstanding proton conductivity not only at the anhydrous state (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) but also under humidity (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1) conditions. Finally, the ionic conducting properties of another class of porous solids, considering a zirconium-formate molecular solid containing KCl ion pairs (ZF-3) were explored. ZF-3 switches from an insulator (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 at 363 K/0% RH) to a superionic conductor upon hydration (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 363 K/95 % RH), in relation with the boost of Cl- dynamics upon water adsorption. Noteworthy, quantum- and force-field based simulations were combined with the experimental approach to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms at the origin of the ionic conducting properties of the studied materials. This fundamental knowledge will serve to create novel robust superionic conductors with outstanding performances that will pave the way towards appealing societal applications for clean energy production
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3

Yeates, Rachel Marie. "Photoreactivity of porous metal-oxide frameworks." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415549.

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The photoreactivity of three different types of porous metal-oxide frameworks have been investigated.  The porous metal-oxide frameworks assessed are germanate, titanosilicate and vanadosilicate materials.  A number of materials were synthesised, ASU-7, AUG-1, AUG-2, NH4-Ge-PHA, Li-ex-Ge-PHA.  Mesoporous germanates, K-Ti-Si-PHA, AM-6 and ETVS-10.  All materials synthesised were characterised using a number of techniques; x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, solid state NMR, FT-IR, Raman, UV-vis, EXAFS, XPS, TGA and DTA.  The photoreactivity of selected materials were investigated using EPR spectroscopy. The photoreactivity of two forms of the germanate pharmacosiderite material (NH4Ge-PHA and Li-ex-Ge-PHA) was explored.  These materials are shown to have limited potential as photocatalyst due to their limited photoreactivity and their low thermal stability.  However, on comparison to the non-porous metal oxide (h-GeO2) an improvement in photoreactivity was observed. The titanosilicate material showed limited photoreduction in the presence of ethene and methanol.  However, when irradiated in the presence of oxygen a relatively stable and intense mononuclear O- species is formed.  This species is found as a result of positive holes trapped at lattice oxide ions.  A trapped hole signal with this stability has not previously been reported. AM-6 is shown to be a fully substituted vanadium form of ETS-10.  The vanadium present is vanadium (IV) ions in octahedral coordination linking to form V-O chains.  EXAFS analysis shows that the vanadium is in fact in significantly distorted octahedral sites.  It is also shown that the free electrons are delocalised along the length of the vanadium-oxygen chains within the structure.  ETVS-10 is a partially substituted vanadium form of ETS-10.  The vanadium-oxygen chains present are interrupted by titanium sites, resulting in a reduction of the delocalisation of electrons along the chains.  A photoreactivity study of these materials was problematical due to the intensity of the vanadium (IV) signal this made analysis of changes occurring upon irradiation in oxygen and methanol  complicated.
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Hellman, Oskar. "Synthesis of framework porous sorbents using sustainable precursors." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nanoteknologi och funktionella material, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445896.

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Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) is a quite recently discovered porous material group which shows potential in many different areas. One of these areas is carbon capture; the framework structure of the porous materials allows gas molecules to adsorb to the surface of the pores. MOFs are conventionally synthesised at high temperatures and with hazardous solvents. The goal of this projectwas to synthesise highly porous MOFs at room temperature with water as the main solvent, using environmentally friendly and non-hazardous precursors. As well as the room temperature synthesis, conventional synthesis methods were used with the same precursors as comparison. The materials were characterised with X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetrical methods and IR-spectroscopy. To assess the porosity of the materials, gas adsorption evaluation was performed with CO2, N2, SF6, and CH4 at 20⁰C. In the end, three novel porous magnesium-based materials and one zirconium-based material were successfully synthesised. One of the magnesium-based materials showed a moderately high CO2 adsorption (2.38mmol/g), and could be synthesised at room temperature. The zirconium-based material showed a remarkably high selectivity (17.7) for SF6 over N2 and a high surface area (550m2/g)
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Yu, Jierui. "PHOTOPHYSICS OF CHROMOPHORE ASSEMBLIES IN POROUS FRAMEWORKS." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1926.

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Chromophore is a molecule or a part of a molecule which is responsible for its appearance color. This definition has been evolving over time with the progress of science. Contemporary scientific advances have expanded its meaning: to an inclusive level, chromophore is an irreducible collective of fundamental particles, which can represent the photophysical (optical physical) properties of the macroscopic matter. Previous studies have already found that the same molecule can have different photophysical properties under different condensed states. Therefore, it is straight forward to conclude that the definition of chromophore should take such extrinsic influencing interactions of this given molecule into consideration, thus simply taking the smallest unit such as a molecule is not accurate. A good example is quantum dots. Same species of quantum dots possess the identical smallest chemical unit but can emit very differently due to quantum confinement effect, thus defining the smallest unit as the chromophore is apparently fallacious. In solid polymeric compositions, the chemical unit or building blocks may differ from the spectroscopic unit depending on how these chemical units interacts within their ensemble to evolve new properties such as a new transition dipole. As thus, understanding the evolution of photophysical behaviors between the targeted unit and neighbors is of much importance to determine whether they should be considered as one chromophore or many. This requires a thorough understanding towards the evolution of photophysical properties of a collective, and the construction of such collective will need to pay extra attention to, as any structural factor could have changed some photophysical interactions of the collective. The introductory chapter discusses the material platform and fundamental photophysics investigated in this dissertation. Chromophore assembly (CA) as a sylloge of several classes of self-assembled materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), porous organic polymers (POPs). Among them, MOF-based CAs (MOF-CAs) featuring with the ease of synthesis, demonstrate incomparable promises to construct such collective with several appealing characteristics, including component diversity, chemical stability, structural porosity, and post-synthetic versatility (Chapter 1.1). As for here, the main target to achieve using these assemblies is to understand the interaction between adjacent chemical monomeric units, therefore their spatial arrangements are of the paramount importance. As modern theory discovered, both ordered and random systems can be very important for novel quantum material developments. Both crystalline and amorphous arrangements of monomeric units can be achieved by adopting different classes of materials. MOF-CAs could achieve the precise control of spatial arrangement including distance, direction, and dihedral angle by its crystalline structures, whereas porous organic polymer-based CAs (POP-CAs) could feature a total randomness. Photophysics, as the research topic targeting the firsthand knowledge gained by interrogating the information provided by the propagating light after its interaction with matters, could provide crucial knowledge of the targeted matter. Hence, photophysical properties could provide fundamental understanding of the targeted matter (Chapter 1.2). State-of-the-art spectroscopic methods and instrumentation have made it possible to critically examine new structures to correlate photophysics with the chemical structure of their assemblies. By combining multiple spectroscopic techniques along with theoretical study, several correlations between the electronic properties of the matter, such as structural features, have been investigated. To illustrate, some unique topology-dependent photophysical behaviors found in chromophore assemblies are introduced (Chapter 1.3). In this dissertation, the feasibility of using specific types of MOF-CAs to conduct unique photophysical studies has been carefully chosen and verified (Chapter 2). Next, with the help of first principles computations, the nature of several electronic excited states as a function of different extent of Van der Waals or electronic interaction in MOF-CAs is unveiled, and experimentally studied with several environmental variates (Chapter 3). The knowledge was then articulated to devise a strategy to improve resonance energy transfer process in MOF-CAs. Here, low electronic symmetry of linker and directionally aligned transition dipoles of their collective ensembled are found beneficial to improve such photophysical process in a bottom-up manner (Chapter 4). Then, a series of MOFs were rationally designed to examine the feasibility and extent of a nonlinear excitonic process, singlet fission, to promote the generation of carriers usable for many applications including light-harvesting applications. The outcome demonstrated MOF-CA is a powerful tool to design such materials and is more capable in terms of its tunability (Chapter 5). At last, a set of randomly oriented CAs in POP were examined for underlying excited state dynamic process that highlights a thermal activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) involving S1 and low-lying T2 excited states (Chapter 6). This dissertation has highlighted unique yet tunable excited-state features and photophysical processes within the well-defined molecular ensemble realized via porous frameworks. These photophysical properties differ from those of their respective molecular system in their solubilized forms. Studies in this dissertation demonstrates a reliable platform to investigate multibody chromophore systems and suggested several valuable discoveries and lights the way for the study of novel chromophore assembly systems.
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Haque, Md Enamul. "Synthesis of porous carbon and porous graphene from metal-organic framework and their electrochemical properties." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13261.

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One non porous MOF (MOF-235) and one highly porous MOF (amino-MIL-101) were synthesized as starting precursors to get carbon materials by using these MOFs as template and also by direct carbonization. The application of aminofunctionalized MOF was also investigated for water purification. Harmful dyes (both cationic and anionic dyes) can be efficiently removed from contaminated water by the amino-functionalised MOF, amino-MIL-101(Al). This MOF showed a superior adsorption capacity to remove cationic dyes than any other MOFs reported in the literature. Nanoporous graphenes with high surface area were synthesized using a metal-organic framework (non porous MOF) a template with furfuryl alcohol as well as by direct carbonization technique. This new synthesis technique is very simple and one step process to get nanoporous graphene. The graphene synthesized by this process showed excellent electrochemical properties as an electrode materials for electric double layer capacitor. The capacitor made up with this nanoporous graphene displayed excellent capacity retention over 10000 cycles. On the other hand, highly porous N-doped carbons were synthesized by carbonizing an amino-functionalized metalorganic framework (porous MOF) using a template with furfuryl alcohol as well as by the direct carbinization. A series of N-doped porous carbon were investigated to examine its electrocatalytic properties based on different nitrogen sites. A particular nitrogen type containing carbon materials shows an activity as excellent electrocatalyst among the different types of N functionalities including pyrrolic N, pyridinic N, quaternary N and pyridinic N-oxide. This allowed the impact of quaternary N on the electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction to be assessed in a series of related N-doped carbons. Only the quaternary-N-containing N-doped carbon catalyzed the four-electron reduction of O2, offering insight into the active site for reaction. This synthesized highly porous N-doped porous carbon also displayed remarkable capacitance properties as double layer capacitor than non doped porous carbon reported in the literature. The capacitor made up with this nanoporous carbon displayed poor capacity retention over 5000 cycles compared with porous graphene.
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Ma, Shengqian. "Gas Adsorption Applications of Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1209411394.

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Grünker, Ronny, Irena Senkovska, Ralf Biedermann, Nicole Klein, Martin R. Lohe, Philipp Müller, and Stefan Kaskel. "A highly porous flexible Metal–Organic Framework with corundum topology." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-138599.

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A flexible Metal–Organic Framework Zn4O(BenzTB)3/2 (DUT-13) was obtained by combination of a tetratopic linker and Zn4O6+ as connector. The material has a corundum topology and shows the highest pore volume among flexible MOFs
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Grünker, Ronny, Irena Senkovska, Ralf Biedermann, Nicole Klein, Martin R. Lohe, Philipp Müller, and Stefan Kaskel. "A highly porous flexible Metal–Organic Framework with corundum topology." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27762.

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A flexible Metal–Organic Framework Zn4O(BenzTB)3/2 (DUT-13) was obtained by combination of a tetratopic linker and Zn4O6+ as connector. The material has a corundum topology and shows the highest pore volume among flexible MOFs.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Abdelhamid, Hani Nasser. "Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks and Hierarchical Porous Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks : Synthesis, Properties, and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för material- och miljökemi (MMK), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-146398.

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This thesis presents the synthesis, properties, and applications of two important classes of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs); lanthanide MOFs and hierarchical porous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). The materials have been characterized using a wide range of techniques including diffraction, imaging, various spectroscopic techniques, gas sorption, dynamical light scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In Chapter 1, the unique features of MOFs and ZIFs as well as their potential applications are summarized. In Chapter 2, different characterization techniques are presented. Chapter 3 describes a family of new isoreticular lanthanide MOFs synthesized using tri-topic linkers of different sizes, H3L1-H3L4, denoted SUMOF-7I-IV (Ln) (SU; Stockholm University, Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd, Paper I). The SUMOF-7I-III (Ln) contain permanent pores and exhibit exceptionally high thermal and chemical stability. The luminescence properties of SUMOF-7IIs are reported (Paper II). The influences of Ln ions and the tri-topic linkers as well as solvent molecules on the luminescence properties are investigated. Furthermore, the potential of SUMOF-7II (La) for selective sensing of Fe (III) ions and the amino acid tryptophan is demonstrated (Paper III).  Chapter 4 presents a simple, fast and scalable approach for the synthesis of hierarchical porous zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 using triethylamine (TEA)-assisted approach (Paper IV). Organic dye molecules and proteins are encapsulated directly into the ZIFs using the one-pot method. The photophysical properties of the dyes are improved through the encapsulation into ZIF-8 nanoparticles (Paper IV). The porosity and surface area of the ZIF materials can be tuned using the different amounts of dye or TEA. To further simplify the synthesis of hierarchical porous ZIF-8, a template-free approach is presented using sodium hydroxide, which at low concentrations induces the formation of zinc hydroxide nitrate nanosheets that serve as in situ sacrificial templates (Chapter 5, Paper V). A 2D leaf-like ZIF (ZIF-L) is also obtained using the method. The hierarchical porous ZIF-8 and ZIF-L show good performance for CO2 sorption.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.

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Books on the topic "Porus Framework"

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Zhu, Guangshan, and Hao Ren. Porous Organic Frameworks. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45456-5.

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Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), ed. Microporous framework solids. Cambridge [England]: RSC Publishing, 2008.

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Blay, Vincent, Luis Francisco Bobadilla, and Alejandro Cabrera, eds. Zeolites and Metal-Organic Frameworks. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462985568.

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Zeolites are natural or synthetic materials with porous chemical structures that are valuable due to their absorptive and catalytic qualities. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are manmade organometallic polymers with similar porous structures. This introductory book, with contributions from top-class researchers from all around the world, examines these materials and explains the different synthetic routes available to prepare zeolites and MOFs. The book also highlights how the substances are similar yet different and how they are used by science and industry in situations ranging from fueling cars to producing drugs.
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Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., ed. Privatization of ports: Framework for governmental action. Ahmedabad, India: Indian Institute of Management, 1995.

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MacGillivray, Leonard. Metal-organic frameworks: Design and application. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2010.

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Leonard, MacGillivray, ed. Metal-organic frameworks: Design and application. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2010.

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Dixit, Praveen M. Modeling bilateral trade flows with the static world policy simulation (SWOPSIM) modeling framework. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, International Economics Divison, 1986.

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Dixit, Praveen M. Modeling bilateral trade flows with the static world policy simulation (SWOPSIM) modeling framework. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, International Economics Divison, 1986.

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Dixit, Praveen M. Modeling bilateral trade flows with the static world policy simulation (SWOPSIM) modeling framework. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, International Economics Division, 1986.

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Metal-organic frameworks: Applications from catalysis to gas storage. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Porus Framework"

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Kepert, Cameron J. "Metal-Organic Framework Materials." In Porous Materials, 1–67. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470711385.ch1.

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Ghosh, Sujit K., and Susumu Kitagawa. "Surface Pore Engineering of Porous Coordination Polymers." In Metal-Organic Frameworks, 165–92. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470606858.ch5.

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Wahad, Faiza, Zeeshan Abid, Sughra Gulzar, Syed Arfan Haider, Munazza Shahid, Muhammad Altaf, and Raja Shahid Ashraf. "Triazine Porous Frameworks." In Porous Polymer Science and Applications, 121–46. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003169604-7.

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Kundu, Tanay, Leisan Gilmanova, Wai Fen Yong, and Stefan Kaskel. "Metal-Organic Frameworks for Environmental Applications." In Porous Materials, 1–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65991-2_1.

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He, Yabing, Wei Zhou, and Banglin Chen. "Current Status of Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks for Methane Storage." In Metal-Organic Frameworks, 163–98. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527809097.ch6.

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Liao, Pei-Qin, Chun-Ting He, Dong-Dong Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang, and Xiao-Ming Chen. "Porous Metal Azolate Frameworks." In The Chemistry of Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, 309–43. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527693078.ch11.

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Behrens, P. "Pores in Tetrahedral Frameworks." In Multifunctional Mesoporous Inorganic Solids, 73–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8139-4_7.

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Zu, Qiaohong, and Jingwen Yan. "Innovation Framework for Green Ports." In Human Centered Computing, 295–304. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23741-6_27.

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Horike, Satoshi, and Susumu Kitagawa. "Design of Porous Coordination Polymers/Metal-Organic Frameworks: Past, Present and Future." In Metal-Organic Frameworks, 1–21. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527635856.ch1.

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Doménech-Carbó, Antonio. "Electrochemistry of Metal-Organic Frameworks." In Electrochemistry of Porous Materials, 101–12. 2nd ed. Names: Domeénech-Carboó, Antonio, author. Title: Electrochemistry of porous materials / Antonio Domeénech Carboó. Description: Second edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429351624-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Porus Framework"

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Rabbani, Harris Sajjad, Muhammad Saad Khan, M. Fahed Aziz Qureshi, Mohammad Azizur Rahman, Thomas Seers, and Bhajan Lal. "Analytical Modelling of Gas Hydrates in Porous Media." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31645-ms.

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Abstract A mathematical model is presented to predict the formation of gas hydrates in porous media under various boundary conditions. The new mathematical modeling framework is based on coupling the analytical pore network approach (APNA) and equation proposed by De La Fuente et al. [1]. Further, we also integrate thermodynamic models to capture the phase boundary at which the formation of gas hydrates takes place. The proposed analytical framework is a set of equations that are computationally inexpensive to solve, allowing us to predict the formation of gas hydrates in complex porous media. Complete governing equations are provided, and the method is described in detail to permit readers to replicate all results. To demonstrate the formation of hydrates in porous media, we analyzed the saturation of hydrates in porous media with different properties. Our model shows that the hydrate formation rate is positively related to the porous media's pore size. The hydrates were found to be preferably formed in the porous media composed of relatively larger pores, which could be attributed to the weak capillary forces resisting the formation of hydrates in porous media. The novelty of the new analytical model is the ability to predict the gas hydrates formation in porous media in a reasonable time using standard engineering computers. Furthermore, the model can aid in the estimation of natural gas hydrate reservoirs, which offer the avenue for effective methane recovery from the vast natural gas hydrate reserves in continental margins.
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Gong, Xu, Chen Fang, Zhidong Li, Gordon MacIsaac, and Hamed Reza Motahhari. "A Practical Approach to Model Four-Phase Flow Through Porous Media." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210248-ms.

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Abstract The recent advancements in the field trial of the solvent-based Enhanced Oil Recovery methods indicate the presence and simultaneous flow of four phases (i.e. water, vapor, heavy liquid hydrocarbon and light liquid hydrocarbons) in the hydrocarbon reservoirs. The accurate modeling of these field observations is not achievable in the most commercial reservoir simulators as they are generally formulated for three phase equilibrium and flow calculations. This paper evaluates the merits of a newly proposed approach [1] to incorporate an algorithm to model the four-phase flow within the conventional three-phase reservoir simulation framework without need for major change in formulation or code revamp. Compositional data from field pilot trial of the Cyclic Solvent Process (CSP) is used to evaluate the simulation model capabilities to model flow of four-phases in the porous media. The reservoir simulation models are used to history match the production performance of CSP process in in the field. Laboratory and field CSP data indicate the presence and flow of 4 phases in different stages of the CSP production cycle. The previously proposed "phase-combination" approach shows limited capability to match the changes in the compositional assay of the produced hydrocarbons in CSP process. In this paper, an improved "Coflow" formulation is proposed based on the modified Einstein Equation for dispersed flow. The new formulation is implemented in conventional three-phase reservoir simulation framework and tested against the data providing superior capability in match in the field production assay data. This paper provides a practical method to model four phase flow within the framework of the three phase reservoir simulation frameworks. The newly proposed "coflow" method in combination with the previously developed method provides a consistent framework to model flow of two hydrocarbon liquid phases in the porous media either in a continuous or dispersed flow patterns. This enables use of commercially available reservoir simulator for modeling of solvent-based EOR methods without need to significant changes in formulation or code revamp.
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Ventikos, Nikolaos P., Panagiotis Sotiralis, Manolis Annetis, and Frank Roland. "Developing a Framework for Health Risk Assessment, by Integrating Infection and Spreading Aspects into RBD." In Public Health Congress on Maritime Transport and Ports. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/msf2022013002.

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Kausar, Hira, Ahsan Abdul Rauf, Saima Shabbir, Shumaila Razzaque, and Asad Mumtaz. "Polymer Silica Porous Framework: Design, Synthesis and Analysis." In 2021 International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technologies (IBCAST). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ibcast51254.2021.9393200.

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Schiaffino, Arturo, Ashesh Chattopadhyay, Shaikh Tanveer Hossain, Vinod Kumar, V. M. K. Kotteda, and Arturo Bronson. "Computational Study of High Temperature Liquid Metal Infusion." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69577.

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Liquid metal infiltration, or liquid method infusion, consists of impregnating porous media composed of woven, ceramic particles, or fibers with a molten metal matrix, which fills the pores and occupies the void space within. Understanding the infiltration process is crucial to optimize the properties of the recently formed material and avoid or minimize the formation of fabrication defects. Given the fact that the flow of molten metal differs from organic flows, since molten metal possess a higher interface energy than organic flows, and modifies the wetting dynamics of the molten metal over surfaces, creating a flow driven by capillary and viscous forces. In addition, flow through porous media presents an extraordinary challenge to simulate efficiently, due to the presence of multiple scales far apart participating in the governing dynamics. For this reason, an in-house pore network simulator (EXPNS) was used. EXPNS was designed on a next generation computing framework using Sandia National Lab’s Trilinos and Kokkos library to perform high-resolution computing to generate data for the infiltration model and improve the general understanding of this process.
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Ognjanovic, Igor, Livia Maglic, and Bojana Tosic. "IT Enhanced Process Management in ports: Comprehensive Evaluation Framework." In 2021 10th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meco52532.2021.9460144.

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Pant, D. R., Y. Kim, J. P. S. Chhabra, and S. Patel. "A Practical Framework for Evaluating the Seismic Resilience of Ports." In 8th International Symposium on Reliability Engineering and Risk Management. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-18-5184-1_gs-03-121-cd.

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Sinha, Rajarishi, Christiaan J. J. Paredis, and Pradeep K. Khosla. "Supporting Design Refinement in MEMS Design." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/cie-34489.

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We present a framework to support design refinement during the virtual prototyping of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). By instantiating MEMS components and connecting them to each other via ports, the designer can both configure complex systems and simulate them. We examine design refinement in the context of ease of use and representation of the virtual prototype. We propose the use of a common, formal grammar representation for the design entities in the virtual prototype—MEMS components, behavioral models and CAD models. We show that the formal grammar approach leads to easy creation of virtual prototypes. In this paper, we focus on ports—the fundamental building blocks of a virtual prototype. Ports mediate all interactions within and between aspects of the virtual prototype. For even moderately complex designs, there can be many interactions present. The representation and organization of all possible ports is important in the context of design refinement. We provide a set-theoretic formalism that defines the algebra of ports. We present a formal grammar for ports that represents a port as a set of attributes, and provide a design refinement mechanism that involves adding or modifying attributes in the port. We illustrate our framework with a MEMS example. We demonstrate that the MEMS designer can evaluate multiple design alternatives quickly and accurately with our framework.
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Arayachukiat, Sunatda, Taradon Pironchart, and Kanokwan Kongpatpanich. "The Versatile and Tunable Metal-Organic Framework MOF for Condensate Decontamination." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31664-ms.

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Abstract Contamination of heavy metals especially for Mercury (Hg) and Arsenic (As) in condensates becomes one of major concerns in Natural Gas production due to theirs high toxicity and carcinogenicity. The key challenge to develop adsorbents for Hg/As removal is to find suitable porous materials with high adsorption capacity, long-term stability and easy to handle the toxic wastes after the adsorption process. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of promising porous materials constructed from metal clusters and organic linkers to create the 3D framework structures. MOFs are one of the promising adsorbents for removal of Hg/As from condensates owning to their versatile structures, tunable porosity, and tailorable chemical functionalities. In this work, Zr-based MOFs have been developed for dual removal of Hg and As species owning to their chemical stability in moisture conditions, which is highly desirable for industrial processes. Zr-based MOFs with different topology and pore size distribution have been synthesized for Hg/As adsorption to understand the contribution of porous structure on the removal of Hg/As species in condensates. The performance of Zr-based MOFs results showed Hg and As removal up to 99.5% in condensates from several petroleum sources. The removal efficiencies were found to be influenced by topology of MOF adsorbents and the speciation of Hg/As in different petroleum sources. In addition, Zr-based MOFs have proposed some future trends and challenges of porous material that can be used as an alternative to the conventional metal oxides and zeolites.
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Nagendra, Krishnamurthy, and Danesh K. Tafti. "Flows Through Reconstructed Porous Media Using Immersed Boundary Methods." In ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2012-72128.

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Understanding of the flows through real porous media is of considerable importance given their usage in a wide range of applications. Direct numerical simulations of such flows could be vastly informational but are rarely available in literature owing to the difficulty in simulating flows around complex surface contours that generally constitute porous media. In an effort to better the understanding of such flows, an immersed boundary method (IBM) framework capable of simulating flows through arbitrary surface contours is developed. For simulation of realistic porous media, a stochastic reconstruction procedure based on simulated annealing is utilized. Detailed studies to validate the results are undertaken. Further, numerous calculations are performed on flows through two-dimensional porous channels. The obtained results are compared with the analytical results from Darcy-Forchheimer equation. A study of the effect of varying sizes of the porous structures in such flows shows the increasing deviation from Darcy-Forchheimer equation as the size becomes significant in comparison to the channel height highlighting the need for such a framework and more such DNS studies.
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Reports on the topic "Porus Framework"

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Andrade, José E., and John W. Rudnicki. Multiscale framework for predicting the coupling between deformation and fluid diffusion in porous rocks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1057395.

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Zou, Ling, Dan O'Grady, Guojun Hu, and Rui Hu. Explicit Modeling of Pebble Temperature in the Porous-medium Framework for Pebble-bed Reactors Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1773605.

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Russo, David, Daniel M. Tartakovsky, and Shlomo P. Neuman. Development of Predictive Tools for Contaminant Transport through Variably-Saturated Heterogeneous Composite Porous Formations. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592658.bard.

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The vadose (unsaturated) zone forms a major hydrologic link between the ground surface and underlying aquifers. To understand properly its role in protecting groundwater from near surface sources of contamination, one must be able to analyze quantitatively water flow and contaminant transport in variably saturated subsurface environments that are highly heterogeneous, often consisting of multiple geologic units and/or high and/or low permeability inclusions. The specific objectives of this research were: (i) to develop efficient and accurate tools for probabilistic delineation of dominant geologic features comprising the vadose zone; (ii) to develop a complementary set of data analysis tools for discerning the fractal properties of hydraulic and transport parameters of highly heterogeneous vadose zone; (iii) to develop and test the associated computational methods for probabilistic analysis of flow and transport in highly heterogeneous subsurface environments; and (iv) to apply the computational framework to design an “optimal” observation network for monitoring and forecasting the fate and migration of contaminant plumes originating from agricultural activities. During the course of the project, we modified the third objective to include additional computational method, based on the notion that the heterogeneous formation can be considered as a mixture of populations of differing spatial structures. Regarding uncertainly analysis, going beyond approaches based on mean and variance of system states, we succeeded to develop probability density function (PDF) solutions enabling one to evaluate probabilities of rare events, required for probabilistic risk assessment. In addition, we developed reduced complexity models for the probabilistic forecasting of infiltration rates in heterogeneous soils during surface runoff and/or flooding events Regarding flow and transport in variably saturated, spatially heterogeneous formations associated with fine- and coarse-textured embedded soils (FTES- and CTES-formations, respectively).We succeeded to develop first-order and numerical frameworks for flow and transport in three-dimensional (3-D), variably saturated, bimodal, heterogeneous formations, with single and dual porosity, respectively. Regarding the sampling problem defined as, how many sampling points are needed, and where to locate them spatially in the horizontal x₂x₃ plane of the field. Based on our computational framework, we succeeded to develop and demonstrate a methdology that might improve considerably our ability to describe quntitaively the response of complicated 3-D flow systems. The results of the project are of theoretical and practical importance; they provided a rigorous framework to modeling water flow and solute transport in a realistic, highly heterogeneous, composite flow system with uncertain properties under-specified by data. Specifically, they: (i) enhanced fundamental understanding of the basic mechanisms of field-scale flow and transport in near-surface geological formations under realistic flow scenarios, (ii) provided a means to assess the ability of existing flow and transport models to handle realistic flow conditions, and (iii) provided a means to assess quantitatively the threats posed to groundwater by contamination from agricultural sources.
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Black, Hayden T., and Katharine Lee Harrison. Ionic Borate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks: Lightweight Porous Materials for Lithium-Stable Solid State Electrolytes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1330204.

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Mohamed, Eddaoudi, Michael Zaworotko, Brian Space, and Juergen Eckert. Design and Synthesis of Novel Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Toward High Hydrogen Storage Capacity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1150238.

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Malhotra, Suchi, Howard White, Nina de la Cruz, Ashrita Saran, John Eyers, Denny John, Ella Beveridge, and Nina Blondal. Evidence and gap map-studies of the effectiveness of transport sector intervention in low and middle-income countries. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cswp3.

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There are great disparities in the quantity and quality of transport infrastructure. Differences in access to investment are often exacerbated by weak governance and an inadequate regulatory framework with poor enforcement which lead to high costs and defective construction. The wellbeing of many poor people is constrained by lack of transport, which is called ‘transport poverty’. This evidence and gap map identifies, maps and describes existing evidence on the effects of transport sector interventions related to all means of transport (roads, paths, cycle lanes, bridges, railways, ports, shipping, and inland waterways, and air transport).
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Schneider, Kevin. Analytic Framework for Optimal Sizing of Hydrogen Fueling Stations for Heavy Duty Vehicles at Ports - CRADA 512. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1827806.

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Kidder, Michelle K., Lyndsey D. Earl, and Valmor F. de Almeida. Improved Structural Design and CO2 Capture of Porous Hydroxy-Rich Polymeric Organic Frameworks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1376310.

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Ke, Jian-yu, Fynnwin Prager, Jose Martinez, and Chris Cagle. Achieving Excellence for California’s Freight System: Developing Competitiveness and Performance Metrics; Incorporating Sustainability, Resilience, and Workforce Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2023.

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This study explores the question of whether California's freight system is staying competitive with other US regions. A novel analytical framework compares supply chain performance metrics across multiple US states and regions for seaports, airports, highways, freight rail service, and distribution centers by combining the Performance Evaluation Matrix (PEM), Competitive Position Matrix (CPM), and Business Process Management (BPM) approaches. Analysis of industry data and responses from structured interviews with 30 freight industry experts across 5 transportation sectors suggests that California's freight system is competitive for seaports, airports, and freight rail; however, highways and distribution centers have room for improvement with respect to travel time reliability and operation costs, and California should prioritize infrastructure investments here. To stay competitive with the Texas and North East regions, state investments could also expand seaport container terminals and air cargo handling facilities, improve intermodal port connections and management of flows of chassis, container trucks, empty containers to ameliorate cargo backlogs and congestion on highways, at the ports, and at warehouses. The state could also invest in inland ports, transporting goods by rail directly from seaports to the Inland Empire or Central Valley.
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Lee, Dongwhan, and Omar Yaghi. Selective Capture of CWAs and Containment of Their Neutralization Byproducts by Porous Frameworks Presenting Self-Amplifying and Self-Regulating Reactivities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada584587.

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