Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Portugal – Social policy'
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Coutinho, Maria Manuela Castro. "Economia social em Portugal : a emergência do terceiro sector na politica social." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4524.
Full textO terceiro sector tornou-se nas últimas duas décadas tema central no âmbito da economia e da política social. Enquanto espaço de investigação, a sua problemática atingiu particular interesse, tendo em conta os impasses e os novos paradigmas que o Estado providência conheceu a partir dos anos 70. O presente estudo vem ao encontro desta preocupação, na procura de uma análise consistente sobre o terceiro sector como suporte da política social portuguesa. Procurou-se assim dar visibilidade às suas iniciativas, ao longo do século e à sua capacidade para constantemente reagir à marginalização de grupos sociais e quando os esforços de integração sócio política do sector público falham. Neste contexto, abordam-se as perspectivas de evolução do terceiro sector, sobretudo ao pôr em questão orientações económicas e de política social dominantes, no sentido de que as áreas não lucrativas são irrelevantes para o funcionamento da economia - o grande desafio da economia social. Um balanço sobre as novas perspectivas abertas pelo desenvolvimento da economia social na Europa assenta a análise num panorama mais vasto. Pretendendo-se ir além do diagnóstico que a recolha de dados permitiu, recorremos a estudos experimentais para a definição de índices que tornem visível a evolução e o estudo da sociedade civil em Portugal na viragem do milénio. A fim de complementar o estudo, avançámos com a avaliação de duas experiências concretas, que emergiram nos anos 70, com estratégias no domínio da política social, visando a melhoria do bem estar. Constituindo-se como passo importante para uma economia local, sustentada - centrada nas pessoas e nas suas necessidades - foram também alternativa às propostas formais da política social. Reforçaram a ideia por nós avançada de que a responsabilidade multiforme e o "ser pró-activo" que caracteriza as OSC é uma mais valia para os novos rumos que despontam no domínio da política social.
Suddenly everybody is talking about civil society. In the academic debate the term reappears by the end of 1980's, at about the same time as unemployment, poverty and social exclusion emerge at a broader scale. It suggests that this is not a mere coincidence, but there is a relationship between them. Everywhere in Europe a number of specific groups search and experiment new paths to development, through new third sector initiatives, which differ from both the traditional market -oriented once as well as from those managed by public administration. The recognition of these phenomena cannot be considered as new. In Portugal, over the last 100 years a whole series of civil movements have developed. Even, near to us, the seventies have been a time of accelerated changes on social policy and on civil society initiatives. Thus, in the present research, perspectives of evolution of the third sector are approached, as well as the socio-economy challenges: a key point to the development of social policy strategies. In our study we have calculated indexes and indicators, based on experimental studies. Our aim is to make visible the scope and impact of the civil society. In particular, the study of two organisations emerged in the seventies that strengthened the third sector, through the promotion of pilot projects addressed to the solution of social problems enriches significantly the ongoing debate. They make visible the major role played by third sector economic initiatives. As a conclusion, we can say that third sector strengthens the concept of social economy as a form of attaining the connection between social and economic objectives. Therefore, organisations of the third sector are the key element to express different understandings of social policy towards not only its active participation but also its multiform responsibility.
Caetano, Alice Amâncio. "Inovação social e o papel do estado : lições a partir do programa Portugal Inovação Social." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14773.
Full textA fim de compreender como a estrutura institucional pública influencia o desenvolvimento de respostas inovadoras aos problemas sociais em Portugal, a presente dissertação de mestrado faz um estudo sobre o programa Portugal Inovação Social, primeiro programa de um Estado-Membro da União Europeia a financiar e capacitar iniciativas de IS com recursos dos Fundos Estruturais Europeus. Além de uma análise crítica sobre a Inovação Social, esta dissertação apresenta um panorama da Inovação Social em Portugal, o caso do Portugal Inovação Social - sua criação e lançamento - e, finalmente, considerações sobre os desafios e oportunidades do programa.
In order to understand how public policy and institutional framework can influence the development of inovative answers to social problems, the following thesis presentes an analysis of the program Portugal Inovação Social, the first program of an European Union Member-State to support, and finance Social Innovation initiatives with European Structural Funds. In addition to a critical analisis of the term Social Innovation, this thesis features an overview of Social Innovation in Portugal, the case of Portugal Inovação Social - its creation and launch - and finally considerations about the challenges and opportunities of such program.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Branco, Ana Sofia de Oliveira. "Planeamento e intervenção com as pessoas em situação de Sem -Abrigo na Cidade de Lisboa:implicações para a Política Social." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18795.
Full textEsta dissertação apresenta o estudo da primeira política social desenvolvida em Portugal exclusivamente para as pessoas em situação de sem-abrigo, política essa elaborada sob a forma de uma Estratégia Nacional para tal população (ENIPSSA) e que resultou da ação do Open Method of Coordination (OMC). O OMC promoveu a cooperação entre os Estados Membros da União Europeia no desenvolvimento de uma agenda política para as PSSA. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma investigação desenvolvida através de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Em primeiro lugar, revela a caracterização do universo de 2456 Pessoas em Situação de Sem-abrigo (N=2456) que recorreram à Unidade de Atendimento à Pessoa Sem-Abrigo (UAPSA) do Núcleo de Planeamento e Intervenção com os Sem-Abrigo (NPISA), de Lisboa, no ano de 2018, do ponto de vista sociodemográfico, habitacional, económico e do diagnóstico social. Posteriormente, apresenta um estudo qualitativo que consistiu na realização de entrevistas semi-diretivas individuais e focous groups (n=31) realizadas a pessoas com percurso de sem-abrigo (n=10), técnicos superiores (n=16) e coordenadores (n=5), com a finalidade de analisar os seus testemunhos face aos objetivos e implicações que a ENIPSSA trouxe para a Integração das PSSA. Os resultados apurados, mediante a interação dos dados quantitativos e qualitativos, sugerem que as medidas e programas que têm funcionado positivamente, discutem criticamente a relevância da Estratégia Nacional e revelam que as políticas de habitação assumem preponderância para a prevenção e erradicação das PSSA quando acompanhadas de programas de intervenção integrada.
This essay presents the study of the first social policy developed in Portugal exclusively for a homeless population. This policy was elaborated as a National Strategy focused on the Social Integration of Homeless persons (ENIPSSA). This Strategy was developed under the Open Method of Coordination (OMC). The OMC promoted the cooperation amongst EU Member States in the development of a political agenda for homelessness. The research was developed following quantitative and qualitative methods. Firstly it presents the characterization of a universe of 2456 persons (N=2456) in homeless situations, who were followed by the Public Attendance Unit (UAPSA) in 2018. This Unit integrates the Lisbon Intervention and Planning Nucleus for homeless persons (NPISA). The mentioned task is based on socio-demographic, housing, economic and social diagnosis aspects. Secondly, it presents a qualitative study, which consists of individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups (n=31) done with persons in homeless situations (n=10), senior technical staff (n=16) and coordinators (n=5). This study intends to analyse their oral testimonies regarding the objectives and implications that NPISA brought to the integration of persons in a homeless situation. Analysing the quantitative and qualitative data, the results show that the measures and programs created a positive impact, critically argue the importance of the National Strategy and conclude that housing policies, when linked to integrated intervention programs, are relevant to prevent and eradicate homelessness.
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Collins, Ross D. (Ross Daniel). "Forest fire management in Portugal : developing system insights through models of social and physical dynamics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72651.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-135).
Managing forest fires is a serious national problem in Portugal. Burned area has increased steadily over the past several decades, with particularly devastating years in 2003 and 2005. Ignitions also spike dramatically in summer, which greatly strains firefighting resources and leads to fires that are insufficiently extinguished and later may rekindle. The response of policymakers and fire managers to these problems has largely been to increase fire suppression capacity and technology deployment. This research asks, what are the side effects or unintended consequences of policies dedicated to large and aggressive suppression forces? Much of the previous work in forest fire management focuses on narrowly-defined, static problems solved using optimization analysis. This research uses dynamic analysis, specifically System Dynamics, to explore how self-regulating feedback loops affect the outcomes of forest fire management decisions over time. Two models are developed. The strategic model explores the dynamic between suppression and prevention expenditure and its effect on long-term burned area. The operational model explores the dynamics through which rekindled fires occur. The results from both models show that interactions between relevant social and physical systems, in the form of public or institutional pressure, can force aggressive suppression decisions into practice. Furthermore, strict adherence to these policies can trap each system in a state of long-run worse behavior due to the overwhelming effects of negative feedback loops. Policy recommendations based on the results, and informed by an in-depth analysis of relevant stakeholders and impediments to implementation, are also presented.
by Ross D. Collins.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
Meirelles, Juliana Gesuelli 1977. "Política e cultura no governo de D. João VI (1792-1821)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281086.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Esta tese investiga os possíveis sentidos da política cultural durante a governança de D. João no mundo luso-brasileiro entre os anos de 1792-1821. O ponto de partida da pesquisa dá-se no início de sua Regência (1792) e encerra-se com seu retorno a Lisboa (1821). Sob as diretrizes do iluminismo luso-brasileiro, a investigação das especificidades da política cultural joanina recaiu sobre quatro locus de cultura de ampla interlocução social: a imprensa interatlântica, os Reais teatros, as Reais Academias Militares e as Reais Bibliotecas Públicas da Corte. Através de uma abordagem interatlântica, buscamos compreender as peculiaridades da administração joanina no universo da cultura em um período de grave crise política no Império Português
Abstract: This thesis investigates the cultural policy fostered by D. João's government in the Luso-Brazilian world during the years 1792-1891. The project has as its starting point the beginning of his reign (1792) and concludes with his return to Lisbon (1821). In the light of the Luso-Brazilian Enlightenment, the research has focused on 4 cultural locus of wide-ranging social reach: the inter-Atlantic press, the Royal theatres, the Royal military academies and the Court's Royal public libraries. Through an inter-Atlantic approach, the present study hopes to understand the intricacies of D. João's administration of the cultural sector in a period of deep political crisis in the Portuguese Empire
Doutorado
Politica, Memoria e Cidade
Doutora em História
Atouguia, Paula Maria Alves Pereira. "Políticas sociais territoriais e sistemas de informação para produção de diagnósticos sociais: o caso do programa Rede Social em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1761.
Full textPartindo da identificação de problemas inerentes aos processos de produção de Diagnósticos Sociais no âmbito da Rede Social, o estudo coloca em evidência a fragilidade e inconsistência dos mesmos associados à concepção de políticas sociais e programas de intervenção ao nível local. Seguindo o percurso proposto pela orientação metodológica da investigação-acção apresentado na primeira parte, faz-se a descrição do programa Rede Social e implementação na Grande Lisboa e procura-se de seguida, compreender o contexto onde se insere, procedendo-se a uma breve revisão teórica sobre a concepção da política social e do papel do Estado ao longo dos tempos, concluindo com a noção de território como o novo paradigma da política social na actualidade. Na terceira parte e na assumpção do Desenvolvimento Social Territorial enquanto matriz da intervenção social local, analisam-se os mecanismos de produção dos Diagnósticos Sociais da Grande Lisboa e apresentam-se os resultados. Com a Equipa de Trabalho Intermunicipal criada no âmbito da Plataforma Supraconcelhia da Rede Social da Grande Lisboa desenvolve-se um processo de reflexão em torno dos mesmos e numa tentativa de incorporar esta reflexão na mudança das práticas profissionais e na natureza da própria intervenção social, definem-se contributos para a concepção de um sistema de informação que melhor se adeqúe e responda às necessidades identificadas ao nível da produção de diagnósticos sociais sempre que um profissional, um dirigente ou um decisor político deva tomar decisões ao nível da definição de medidas de política social e programas de intervenção ao nível local.
Starting from the identification of several problems with production processes of Social Diagnostics under the Social Network, the study highlights the fragility and inconsistency of information systems related to the design of social policies and programs of action at local level. Following the direction proposed by the methodological guidance of research-action presented at first, then tries to understand the context in which falls the Social Network program, proceeding to a brief review on the theoretical concept of social policy and the role of the state over time, concluding with the notion of territory as the new paradigm of social intervention at present. Thirdly, on the assumption of Social Development Territorial matrix of social intervention as a local study, were analysed the mechanisms of production of Social Diagnostics in the Great Lisbon area and presented the results of the study conducted by the team involved. With the Intermunicipal Task Team involved a process of reflection is developed on the results and an attempt to incorporate this thinking in changing professional practice and the nature of social intervention itself, contributions are defined to the design of an information system that best suits and meets the needs identified at the production of diagnostic units each time that a professional, a leader or a policy maker has to make decisions in the definition of social policy measures and intervention programs at the local level.
Cetra, Raquel Filipa da Silva. "As políticas públicas e os antigos combatentes: a proteção social dos militares e família em Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/30771.
Full textMoraes, Cândida Andrade de. "Educação social e políticas de juventude no Brasil e em Portugal: experiências de jovens afrodescendentes." Faculdade de Educação, 2017. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/25671.
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CAPES- PDSE (SET 2015 A JAN 2016)
RESUMO Trata-se de uma tese de doutorado em Educação que tem como objetivo analisar os sentidos e significados da experiência de educação social vivenciada por jovens afrodescendentes que participam de políticas públicas voltadas para juventude no Brasil e em Portugal. Quais os sentidos e significados produzidos sobre a experiência da Educação Social com jovens afrodescendentes a partir de políticas públicas de juventude? Essa pergunta de partida orientou outras: que concepções de juventude possuem os educadores sociais que mediam as práticas socioeducativas com jovens? Quais as implicações de práticas discriminatórias para vida dos jovens afrodescendentes no Brasil e em Portugal? Que perspectivas os jovens afrodescendentes imprimem em seus trajetos a partir da experiência de educação social? Ancorada nos estudos da Pedagogia Social, reflete em seis seções sobre a educação social e sua relação com a juventude e afrodescendência. Tomando a pesquisa qualitativa como caminho, o método estudo de caso foi construído através de observação sistemática em projetos sociais em Salvador e Lisboa e entrevistas com gestores de políticas públicas, educadores sociais, jovens, pais de jovens, movimento social e intelectuais. A cultura negra africana emerge como ação de autoria da juventude afrodescendente e as práticas educativas da educação social são debatidas em meio as vulnerabilidades e estigmas denunciados pelos jovens. A comunidade e o bairro social aparecem como lugares de pertencimento e identidade da juventude. Como inspiração para novos debates, elencamos a perspectiva de uma educação intercultural, a formação de educadores para atuação de/para/com as juventudes e a valorização da heterogeneidade e diversidade na prática social e educativa que valide a vivência étnica/racial.
ABSTRACT This doctoral thesis in education analyzes the purposes and meanings of the social education experience of young Afro-descendants who participate in public policies directed at the youth of Brazil and Portugal. What are the purposes and meanings produced about the experience of Social Education with young Afro-descendants based on public youth policies? This initial question guided others: What conceptions of youth do social educators have that mediate socioeducational practices with young people? What are the implications of discriminatory practices for the lives of young Afro-descendants in Brazil and Portugal? What perspectives do young Afro-descendants develop during their paths based on the social education experience? Drawing on Social Pedagogy research, the thesis is divided into six sections on social education and its relation with the youth and Afro-descents. Taking qualitative research as a reference, the case study method was constructed through systematic observation of social projects in Salvador and Lisbon and interviews with public policy makers, social educators, young people, parents of young people, social movements and intellectuals. Black African culture emerges as an action by the Afro-descendant youth and social education practices are debated amid the vulnerabilities and stigmas denounced by young people. The community and the social neighborhood appear as places of youth belonging and identity. As an inspiration for new debates, we highlight the perspective of an intercultural education, the formation of educators to work with and / or/with the youth and the valorization of heterogeneity and diversity in social and educational practice that validates the ethnic/racial experience
RIZUMU Ke-li e um tezi di dotoramentu na edukason ki tem komu objetivu analiza sentidus y signifikadu di speriensia di edukason sosial vivensiadus pa joven afrodisendenti ki ta participa di pulitikas publikas voltadus pa juventudi na Brazil y na Purtugal. Kal e sentidu y signifikadu ki ta produzidu sobri expiriensia di edukason sosial ku joven afrodisendentis a partir di pulitikas publikas di juventudi? Kel purgunta di partida li ta leva a otus purgunta: ki konsepson di juventudi edukadoris sosial ten ki ta media pratikas sosioedukativus ku jovens? Kal e inplikason di pratikas diskriminatorias pa vida di jovens afrodisendentis na Brazil y na Purtugal? Ki perspektivas jovens afrodisendentis ta poi na se-s trajetus a partir di spiriensia di edukason sosial_ finkadu na studus di pedagojia sosial, ta rifleti na 6 sekson sobri edukason sosial y se rilason ku juventudi y ku afrodisendensia. Sa tomadu peskiza kualitativa komu caminhu, metudu di studu di kazu foi konstruidu atraves di observason sistematiku na prujetus sosial na Salvador y Lisboa y entrevistas ku jestoris di pulitikas publikas, edukadoris sosial, jovens, pais di jovens, muvimentu sosial y intelektual. Kultura negro afrikana surji komu ason di auturia di juventudi afro disendenti y pratikas educativas di edukason sosial e divididu na meiu, vulnerabilidadi y stigma denunsiadu pa jovens. Kumunidadi y bairu sosial ta parsi komu lugar di pertensimentu y identidadi di juventudi. Komu inspirason pa novus dibatis nu ta txoma un perspektiva di un edukason intercultural, formason di edukadoris pa atuason di/pa/ku joventudi y valorizason di eterojeinidadi y diversidadi na pratika sosial y edukativa ki ta valida vivensia etnika/rasial.
Fiala, Elisa. "A critical analysis of the implementation of the right to work and employment in the national context of Germany and Portugal. Implications for Social Policy." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17795.
Full textEm todo o mundo, as pessoas com deficiência enfrentam situações de desvantagem em todos os domínios da vida. Entre estas, incluem-se maiores níveis de pobreza, piores indicadores de saúde, níveis educacionais mais baixos, menor probabilidade de participação no trabalho e no emprego, remunerações menos elevadas, piores condições laborais e oportunidades mais reduzidas de progressão na carreira (World Health Organization 2011). Como consequência desta posição social de desvantagem, as pessoas com deficiência constituem um grupo-alvo importante para a política social. Em muitos países, as políticas da deficiência abrangem áreas tão diversificadas como a saúde, segurança social, educação e emprego. Em geral, as políticas da deficiência dizem respeito à criação e implementação de leis, prorrogativas e proibições, acções estatais e estratégias de taxação que respondem a problemas e necessidades das pessoas com deficiência e das suas famílias (Pinto and Fiala 2015). Até aos anos 1970, o modelo médico da deficiência era o paradigma na base das políticas da deficiência. A preocupação central destas políticas era a prevenção, cura ou eliminação da deficiência e, sempre que tal não fosse possível, a assimilação do corpo e da mente das pessoas com deficiência às normas e estruturas dominantes. A responsabilidade do Estado, nesta abordagem, consiste no desenvolvimento e implementação de leis, políticas e práticas que promovem a segregação e reabilitação das pessoas com deficiência (Rioux and Fraser 2006; Tremain 2006). Desde a emergência do modelo social da deficiência, nos anos 1970, as políticas da deficiência têm sido crescentemente informadas por uma abordagem de direitos humanos. A responsabilidade do Estado e, por inerência, as abordagens políticas, alteram-se quando são guiadas por um entendimento sociopolítico da deficiência. Nesta abordagem, já não é a pessoas com deficiência que tem que ser curada, reabilitada ou assimilada em normas e estruturas hegemónicas, mas são estas que têm que se transformar para acomodar as necessidades das pessoas com deficiência. O direito das pessoas com deficiência a um acesso e cidadania igualitários torna-se um dos principais objectivos políticos. Nos últimos anos, as abordagens de “workfare”, que determinam quem tem acesso a um estatuto de cidadania, tornaram-se predominantes nas políticas da deficiência a nível supranacional e nacional (Abberley 2002). Em muitos países, os benefícios tradicionalmente atribuídos a pessoas com deficiência foram restringidos ou eliminados e a participação em medidas de “workfare” – a participação económica das pessoas com deficiência – tornou-se um pré-requisito para acesso a apoios sociais (Morris 2011; Soldatic and Chapman 2010; Owen and Harris 2012; Soldatic and Meekosha 2012; Bussemaker 2005a). Um dos principais objectivos destes desenvolvimentos políticos é reduzir o “peso significativo” que os benefícios sociais, incluindo as prestações por deficiência, colocam nas finanças públicas (OECD 2010, 12), mas também são o reflexo da importância que o trabalho e o emprego assumem nas sociedades contemporâneas. De facto, a ligação entre a identidade e o estatuto ocupacional, apesar de não ser necessariamente uma experiência universal, tornou-se particularmente dominante nos Estados de bem-estar Ocidentais, em que a participação no mercado de trabalho representa um marco importante de valorização da identidade social (Beck 2001b; Galer 2012; Abberley 2002). Como consequência, aspectos que tendem a ser encarados como positivos, como os efeitos da ocupação e participação laboral sobre o bem-estar individual, raramente são problematizados, tanto na literatura genérica de Política Social, como na literatura sobre deficiência. Os decisores políticos afirmam, pelo contrário, que o emprego e estatuto ocupacional são elementos centrais para a participação plena dos cidadãos na vida económica, social e cultural. O direito ao trabalho é, assim, essencial para a realização de outros direitos humanos e forma uma dimensão inseparável e inerente da dignidade humana. O trabalho deve providenciar uma base de sustento para a pessoa e para a sua família e, quando livremente escolhido e aceite, pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento pessoal e reconhecimento social dentro da comunidade (United Nations 2012b; OECD 2010). O presente estudo visa reflectir criticamente sobre a implementação do direito ao trabalho e emprego, tal como consagrado na Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência, em Portugal e na Alemanha. Estes dois países divergem em diversos pontos: Portugal, por exemplo, é habitualmente classificado como um Estado de bem-estar do Sul da Europa, em que a família é o locus primário de solidariedade e apoio social (Karamessini 2007; Ferrera 1996). Em contraste, a Alemanha, geralmente classificada entre os Estados de bem-estar conservadores (Esping-Andersen 1990), apresenta um nível elevado de proteção social e um sistema de benefícios generoso. Adicionalmente, ambos os países têm abordagens diferenciadas no que se refere à participação das pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho. No entanto, Portugal e a Alemanha integram a União Europeia e foram afectados por legislação supranacional, como a Directiva Europeia relativa à Igualdade no Emprego ou a Estratégia Europeia para a Deficiência 2010-2020 ou, de forma ainda mais proeminente, pela Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência (CDPD), que ambos os países assinaram e ratificaram. O objectivo do presente estudo é identificar como as diferenças e semelhanças entre estes dois países afectam as realidades das pessoas com deficiência. Para este efeito, é necessária uma estratégia de pesquisa dual, que integre tanto a análise de leis e políticas (o nível dos sistemas), como a monitorização de experiências individuais. • Como foi o direito ao trabalho e emprego (CDPD) traduzido nas leis, políticas e programas nacionais, no contexto alemão e português? • Como é que as pessoas com deficiência, na Alemanha e em Portugal, experienciam, na prática, a efectivação do direito ao trabalho e emprego? • O que se pode aprender, a partir dos casos alemão e português, que permita informar desenvolvimentos políticos futuros nesta área, ajudando a avançar o direito ao trabalho das pessoas com deficiência na Alemanha, em Portugal e noutros contextos? Enquanto as duas primeiras questões visam produzir conhecimento sobre a situação nos dois países, a terceira questão de investigação dirige-se à dimensão comparativa do estudo, procurando identificar boas práticas que possam influenciar desenvolvimentos políticos em ambos os países. Enquadrando-se no âmbito da teoria crítica, este estudo inclui tanto uma análise crítica das molduras legislativas, documentos políticos e estudos de avaliação de políticas, como uma avaliação crítica da situação de facto. Para recolher informação sobre a eficácia das leis, políticas e práticas existentes, foram conduzidas 38 entrevistas semiestruturadas aprofundadas com pessoas com deficiência residindo na Alemanha e em Portugal. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que alterações legislativas recentes, em ambos os países, fortaleceram uma abordagem da deficiência à luz de um modelo de direitos humanos – pelo menos, ao nível formal. Não obstante, o direito ao trabalho e ao emprego carece ainda de implementação plena. A análise crítica revela que a exclusão e discriminação com base na deficiência, no mercado de trabalho, é ainda generalizada. Enquanto na Alemanha o emprego apoiado aumenta o risco de a pessoa se sentir excluída ou de experienciar condições de trabalho pouco dignas, também possibilita uma resposta alternativa ao emprego, numa escala elevada, que não se regista em Portugal. Em Portugal, as pessoas com deficiência apresentam maior risco de desemprego e, devido à insuficiência de medidas de apoio, designadamente medidas de emprego de longa duração, as redes familiares e outras redes de apoio, são chamadas a compensar este défice, incluindo financeiramente. A análise comparativa sistémica apontou ainda que a interseccionalidade da deficiência com outros factores interfere com os resultados das políticas e medidas existentes. Enquanto a posição de desvantagem das participantes do sexo feminino parece ser um fenómeno transnacional, regista-se uma diferenciação binacional quando a idade dos participantes é tomada em consideração. Em suma, enquanto o sistema alemão providencia os melhores níveis de proteção para os cidadãos mais velhos com deficiência que ainda se encontram a trabalhar, as medidas portuguesas focam-se prioritariamente no acesso ao trabalho e emprego e, consequentemente, são mais benéficas para jovens com deficiência em busca de trabalho. Em ambos os países, no entanto, as pessoas com deficiências intelectuais ou psicossociais encontram-se na situação de maior desvantagem. Pesem embora as lacunas e obstáculos evidenciados, a análise revelou oportunidades de aprendizagem bilateral. As recomendações apontadas pelos participantes e a avaliação crítica das leis e políticas em vigor constitui uma fonte valiosa de apoio ao desenvolvimento de políticas futuras na área do emprego. Globalmente, a tese conclui que políticas sociais que apoiem a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência no trabalho e emprego criam estruturas económicas e sociais mais justas e igualitárias, não apenas para as pessoas com deficiência, mas para todos.
The present study critically reflects on the implementation of the right to work and employment as enshrined in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Portugal and Germany and frames it within the wider scope of Social Policy. Including the narratives of disabled people themselves, the results of this study indicate that recent legislative changes in both countries strengthen a human rights approach to disability. However, the right to work and employment still lacks full implementation. The critical analysis reveals that exclusion from and discrimination in the labour market on the ground of disability is still widespread. Despite persisting gaps and obstacles, the analysis shows that there is scope for binational learning and presents recommendations for future policy development.
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Barros, Carolina F. Pombo de. "Keeping head above water: social presence in the transitions of brasilian women to motherhood. Comparing experiences in Brazil, Portugal and Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21167.
Full textPombo, de Barros Carolina. "Keeping head above water : Social presence in the transitions of Brazilian women to motherhood : Comparing experiences in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0181/document.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis was characterizing and analysing social presence in the transition(s) of Brazilian women from privileged classes to motherhood, in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden, inrecent years. As a final goal, it intended to contribute to de-construct the hegemonic model of ―good motherhood in Brazil, which is established from the experiences of middle-class white Brazilian wom-en. As methodological strategy, it focused on Brazilian mothers‘ experiences of presences, using Computer-Mediated Communication and three methods in parallel: a documentary research on official re-ports of perinatal health and family policies, biographical interviews and recording of daily diaries, articulated through a phenomenological perspective. Therefore, in my fieldwork I searched, in a spiral drift-ing, how certain moral rhetorics associated to gender, class and racial norms are reproduced by privileged mothers in maternal transitions. Beyond of this process of reproducing hegemonic representation of motherhood, I also found generating hesitations and ethical enactment among these women towards marginalized mothers such as racialized, single and poor ones. Finally, this thesis discusses how care ethics raise from daily parental relationships and how improving responsive social presence is quite significant for the promotion of such ethics beyond of feminine care work
Martins, José Rosado Medinas. "Trajetórias de vida e integração social de jovens pós-institucionalizados.estudos de caso na Casa Pia de Lisboa (2002-2011)." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12734.
Full textTrata-se de um estudo longitudinal que cruza três fases da vida da população (n=500) em apreço: pré-institucionalização, institucionalização e pós-institucionalização. Selecionouse uma amostra (n=50) que foi entrevistada presencialmente, sendo que os dados recolhidos foram de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa. As quatro hipóteses que nortearam a investigação abrangeram diversos aspetos, como as problemáticas vivenciadas antes da institucionalização, o “papel” e o “peso” do acolhimento, as relações de mentoring, as relações familiares e a integração social. Os resultados da investigação apontam para que, com a exceção parcial dos maus-tratos, as restantes problemáticas vivenciadas antes do acolhimento não condicionam a integração social. O período de acolhimento é seguramente substancial para a integração social, nomeadamente porque contribui para a estruturação dos indivíduos. Não se confirmou, de forma consistente, a importância das relações de mentoring em acolhimento, mas ficou clara a importância do papel dos cuidadores, nomeadamente através da transmissão de valores. Por fim, concluiu-se que a manutenção dos laços familiares, durante o acolhimento, é importante para o bem-estar e desenvolvimento dos indivíduos pois facilita a sua integração social posterior. São necessárias políticas sociais para um melhor enquadramento no âmbito da transição para fora dos cuidados e dos apoios a prestar em fase de pós-institucionalização.
This is a longitudinal study that crosses three phases of life of the population (n = 500) at hand: pre-institutionalization, institutionalization and post-institutionalization of a group who lived in Casa Pia. A sample was selected (n=50) who was interviewed in person, and the data were collected quantitative and qualitative nature. The four hypotheses that guided the research covered various aspects, such as the problems experienced prior to institutionalization, the "paper" and the "weight" of hosting, mentoring relationships, family relationships and social integration. Research results indicate that, with the partial exception of abuse, other problems experienced before the host does not affect social integration. The host period is certainly substantial for social integration, especially because it contributes to the structuring of individuals. Not confirmed, consistently, the importance of mentoring relationships in reception, but it was clear the important role of caregivers, including through the transmission of values. Finally, it was concluded that the maintenance of family ties, during the host period, it is important for the well-being and development of individuals because it facilitates their subsequent social integration. Social policies are needed for a better environment in the transition out of care and support to be provided in post-institutionalization phase.
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Carpes, Nívea S. "De porto a porto : a segurança pública como forma de controle social." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/180947.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the performance of the secretaries of security and their capacity to generate changes in the security institutions and on the rates of crime and violence. The object of investigation is limited to the scope of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the city of Porto Alegre, in the public security administrations of the period between 2001 and 2015. The focus is the security policy proposed by the secretaries of security and the data criminal cases of the city of Porto Alegre, that allow a dialogue with the Portuguese criminal policy and special programs of public security, executed by the Public Security Police. For this scenario, the thesis seeks to present the historical, social and economic context that favors criminality in Porto Alegre and in the city of Porto, by discussing elements such as security plans, policing models, criminal indexes, Portuguese criminal policy, law that decriminalizes drug use in Portugal and the special programs of the Porto Public Security Police. In methodological terms, document analyzes were carried out; data were collected on crime, re-organization of security institutions, investment in training, new technologies and social participation; and interviews were conducted. The theoretical framework was constituted by approaches on public security and dilemmas of violence and crime - Benevides (1985), Soares (2003), Adorno (1996), Velho (2000), Silva (1999); (1998), Johnston & Shearing (2003), Agra (1997), Oliveira (2006), Zedner (2009), Lemieux (2000), Webber (2004) and Jones (2012); and citizenship - Villagómez (1997), Elster (1993), Martin & Ceballos (2004), Sen (2003), Dagnino (2004) and Carvalho (2001) In order to develop this analysis, we link the public security context to fundamental issues such as "governance", which enables us to make contact with management through a specific debate and citizenship as an element that sets a new starting point for security public. We can see that public security in Brazil arrives differently from social strata. In general, using diverse resources, the secretaries of security sought to provide answers that defined a certain type of control over crime and violence, the results are exposed in crime rates. The approaches to confront insecurity range from combating crime to tackling the causality of crime. The view of the criminal has a big difference, some secretaries avoid this angle, some understand that they are citizens who should have opportunities and others understand them as hopelessly deviant people. Thus, the secretaries are divided among more focused on a social-critical approach to the context of crime, those who are in an intermediate stage, conservative, seeking preventive actions and those who focus on a punitive and traditional perspective of the fight against crime. As for Portugal, he comes to this thesis to confirm the possibilities of a peaceful social coexistence, in spite of the existence of socioeconomic problems, highlighting important cultural elements in the construction of safe environments. Finally, the Public Security Police demonstrates the importance of special, perennial, well-defined security programs aimed at more vulnerable groups.
Martinho, Maria. "Spatial analysis of exposure coefficients with applications to stomach cancer." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:427fe13e-39b1-4bfd-a3a8-be957120cf44.
Full textNunes, Cristina Isabel dos Santos Monteiro. "As redes sociais na imagem da marca PSP (Polícia de Segurança Pública)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19781.
Full textAs redes sociais são ferramentas online de social media que nos fazem partilhar conversas e experiências com pessoas e culturas sem limitações geográficas. Caso haja uma boa conceção de conteúdo, gestão das contas e interação com o público, estas podem afetar positivamente a imagem de uma organização. No entanto a fácil, barata e rápida comunicação nestes meios acarreta mais exposição da marca ao risco de destruição de reputação. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender de que forma a presença nas redes sociais influencia a imagem da organização governamental Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP). Assim, foi observada a interação da PSP com a sociedade nas diferentes redes sociais em que está presente, bem como relatórios internos; foram realizadas duas entrevistas semiestruturadas para se perceber a imagem desejada; e foi ainda desenvolvido um estudo quantitativo, com uma amostra por conveniência, através de um questionário online, obtendo-se o total de 486 respostas, sendo 403 destas consideradas estatisticamente válidas. Este tem com principal objetivo medir a imagem da PSP utilizando como instrumento a escala adaptada "Personalidade da Marca" sugerida por Aaker (1997). Percebeu-se que as redes sociais influenciam, de facto, a imagem da PSP uma vez que os seus seguidores têm uma imagem e perceções bastante mais positivas do que os não seguidores. Por outro lado, confirmou-se que essa imagem que os seguidores têm está alinhada e em sintonia com a imagem desejada pela organização, mas ainda há muito trabalho para fazer.
Social media are online tools that make us share conversations and experiences between different people and cultures without geographical limitations. Good content design, account management and audience interaction can positively affect an organization's image. However easy, inexpensive and fast communication in these media entails more exposure of the brand, increasing the risk of damaging reputation. The goal of this study is to understand how the presence in social media influences the image (reputation component) of a portuguese governmental organization, such as Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP). Therefore, was analyzed the PSP interaction with society throughout different social media as well as the internal reports; two semi-structured interviews to perceive what is the desired image they want to be seen as; likewise a quantitative study was conducted with a convenience sample through an online questionnaire, resulting in 486 total responses of which 403 were considered statically valid. The instrument used was the adapted Brand Personality suggested by Aaker (1997) and its purpose is to measure the PSP image. It is possible to analyze that social medial do, in fact, influence the PSP image since its followers have a much more positive image and perceptions that non-followers. On the other hand, it has been confirmed that this image that the followers have is aligned with the image that the organization desired to be, yet there is still room for improvement.
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Clément, Camille. "La publicisation des espaces agricoles périurbains : du processus global à la fabrique du lieu." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00823363.
Full textFlores, Vieira e. Silva Isabel Cristina. "On the edge of the knife: The establishment of public-private partnerships in education. England and Portugal (1980-2015)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666735.
Full textLas Alianzas Públicas Privadas han constituido una estrategia adoptada por los gobiernos para compartir responsabilidad, controlar costos y aumentar la eficiencia a través de la implementación de mecanismos de competencia. La educación no es una excepción, sin embargo las respuestas han sido diferenciadas entre países. Intentar comprender cómo la gestión de las escuelas sale de la esfera del estado y pasa a las manos de los privados, fue el mote de esta tesis. A partir del entendimiento de que no basta crear un contexto legislativo favorable para garantizar la aplicación de las políticas, se ha intentado identificar que otras variables influencian la posibilidad de establecimiento de este tipo de acuerdos, que fue medido por el número de escuelas gestionadas por entidades privadas, pero pagadas por el estado En este sentido, y partiendo de la Teoría de los Flujos Múltiples que destaca la interacción entre políticas, problemas, actores políticos y emprendedores, se desarrolló un algoritmo que permite determinar qué configuraciones observables durante la fase de adopción de políticas que conducen a un aumento de posibilidad de aplicación. El análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los casos empíricos muestra que diversos tipos de asociaciones público-privadas se han implementado bien en Inglaterra desde los años 80, tras una larga caminata de adaptación y perseverancia. En Portugal se han producido menos experiencia, todos los cuales aparecían sus raíces en el desequilibrio de la discusión entre la demanda y la oferta, en el que el sector privado se limita a reemplazar temporalmente la oferta pública, lo que lleva a una reducción de la presencia de este tipo de asociación. Las diferencias de implementación verificadas son el resultado de configuraciones distintas en el momento de la legislación, dado que el equilibrio entre las diferentes dimensiones condiciona la posibilidad de alcanzar los objetivos. Esta conclusión apunta al hecho de que es posible mitigar la ineficiencia de la legislación si la configuración de las diferentes variables propuestas se considera durante la fase de adopción de políticas. Los puntos débiles de las diversas dimensiones deben ser reconocidos y corregidos. Perseverancia, rediseño de política, emprendedores activos y un escenario político favorable, son aspectos cruciales para que este tipo de política pueda tener mayor posibilidad de llegar a ser aceptable a largo plazo.
Public-Private Partnerships have been a strategy adopted by governments to share responsibility with the private sector, control public spending and enhance efficiency through market competition. Education has been no exception to this trend, yet it happens differently across the countries. In this thesis, the aim was to understand how various parts of the education system have been transferred to private entities. The observation that encouraging legislation is far from being enough to warrant that schools move into the hands of private providers, implied that other variables might influence the possibility of policy establishment, here measured by the growth in the number of schools that are directed by private entities while paid by the state. Based on the Multiple Streams Framework variables, which emphasises the interaction of policy, problems, politics, and entrepreneurs, an algorithm was developed to reveal the configurations that, at the legislative moment, favour the establishment of policies. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical cases show that the number of schools under Public-Private Partnership agreements increased substantially in England since the 80s, following a long path of adjustment and perseverance, while in Portugal the few experiences that subsist are strongly supported on the imbalance between demand and supply, as private providers are called for temporarily replacing the state. These different outcomes are a result of distinct configurations achieved at the time of legislation, as the equilibrium among the diverse policy dimensions influences the possibility of policy goal achievement. This conclusion points to the fact that legislation inefficiency can be mitigated if the required configuration is carefully assessed at the time of policy adoption, and the identification of weak points is recognised and corrected. Stakeholders perseverance, policy re-designing, active entrepreneurs and a favourable political scenario are crucial aspects for increasing the possibility of long-term policy acceptability.
Klasa, Michael Gerhard. "State and Empire Before and During the Napoleonic Era: The effects of liberal revolutions in France, Spain, and Portugal at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/7212.
Full textEsta dissertação tem por objeto a contextualização e análise dos efeitos das revoluções liberais na França, Espanha e Portugal, nos finais do século XVIII e inícios do século XIX, visando explicar as mudanças nos sistemas políticos da Península Ibérica. Para isso, consideramos muito importante apoiar o nosso estudo na definição preliminar dos conceitos base e das correntes de pensamento político de acordo com sua historicidade, com o fim de compreender o significado que lhes é atribuído no momento. Por essa razão, o primeiro capítulo é dedicado à distinção entre o regime do absolutismo e do liberalismo. Os dois conceitos e correntes de pensamento são explicados e comparados, sendo iniciada a tese com esta abordagem teórica. No final desta parte, são realçadas as principais caraterísticas da monarquia constitucional enquanto uma forma especial de monarquia que sucedeu ao sistema de governo da monarquia absoluta. Neste alinhamento, o capítulo seguinte debruça-se sobre definições conceituais relevantes, no período de 1780-1815, como o conceito de (nação) "Estado", de "império", e os conceitos de "paz" e de "guerra". Neste capótulo, foi realçada a historicidade de cada um destes conceitos, desde a origem até ao tempo do nosso estudo. No terceiro capítulo da tese é executado o estudo de caso mostrando a evolução das relações políticas entre França, Espanha e Portugal no período histórico definido. O primeiro subcapítulos é dedicado à França e aos antecedentes directos da Revolução Francesa, o segundo reporta-se à caraterização da monarquia absoluta em Espanha, e a terceira descreve as vicissitudes políticas de Portugal. O quarto capítulo da tese é o mais importante, sendo dedicado à descrição e análise do ponto de viragem, ou seja, a mudança e a rutura consumadas, com a emergência de novas formas de governo, por efeito das revoluções liberais. As principais razões pelas quais ocorreu esta mudança das estruturas políticas no período subsequente à Revolução Francesa são abordadas nesta parte, considerando que este evento foi o ponto de partida para uma série de revoluções em todo o continente europeu. Procuramos responder a algumas questões: O que mudou?, Como isso afetou a França? , Como isso afetou a Espanha? e Como isso afetou Portugal? As respostas às questões, bem como as semelhanças e as diferenças são apresentadas no final. Na conclusão, o remanescente das «novas» ideias revolucionárias que podem ainda hoje ser descortinadas são discutidas, considerando que num plano paralelo as revoluções dos nossos dias, ou mesmo guerras, ocorrem igualmente com o intuito de mudar os sistemas políticos existentes, como se tem observado mais recentemente no mundo árabe, por exemplo. No fecho deste estudo é apresentada uma opinião pessoal sustentada sobre o tema, na qual a opinião subjetiva do autor perspetiva uma avaliação dos processos políticos nos três países abordados.
Santos, Isabel Maria Ribeiro Oliveira. "Public policy, policy-making and social entrepreneurship : the case of Portugal and the UK." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25663.
Full textO objectivo deste estudo é explicar como os governos decidem e constroem políticas públicas para empreendedorismo social, assim como o seu âmbito, baseando-se na experiência de Portugal e do Reino Unido. O empreendedorismo social tem atraído atenção de investigadores, comunidades e decisores políticos. Os governos têm sido chave para o desenvolvimento deste fenómeno em Portugal e no Reino Unido, ativos na implementação de quadros institucionais e políticos para empreendedorismo social. Contudo, o trabalho de investigação ainda não explicou como é que estes governos decidem e criam as suas políticas públicas para empreendedorismo social. Foram reunidos e analisados mais de 200 documentos relativos às políticas de Portugal e do Reino Unido, com o objectivo de construir um quadro conceptual, assim como determinar o âmbito destas políticas. Os resultados sugerem que o processo de decisão e criação destas políticas tem quatro dimensões: decisão política, acção governamental, legitimidade e sustentabilidade do empreendedorismo social. Estes países apresentam níveis diferentes de desenvolvimento das políticas públicas, com o Reino Unido numa fase mais madura, e Portugal num caminho de crescimento. Os resultados também sugerem que o Reino Unido se foca mais em políticas públicas primárias e Portugal em políticas secundárias para o empreendedorismo social. Este estudo estabelece pela primeira vez um quadro conceptual abrangente sobre a forma como políticas para empreendedorismo social são formuladas e criadas. Este quadro permite também que aos empreendedores sociais tenham uma melhor compreensão do processo e tomem decisões mais informadas a longo prazo, estabelecendo um ponto de partida para futura investigação.
ADÃO, E. SILVA Pedro. "Waving the European flag in a Southern European welfare state : factors behind domestic compliance with European social policy in Portugal." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/13289.
Full textExamining Board: Prof. Martin Rhodes (Denver University, formerly EUI) (Supervisor); Prof. Manuel Villaverde Cabral (ICS-University of Lisbon); Prof. Maurizio Ferrera (Milan University); Prof. Peter Mair (European University Institute)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
This thesis aims to analyse how three different instruments of European social policy with different convergence capacity have been implemented in one member state (Portugal) and try to understand the factors that explain the different degrees of change in domestic policies in response to European pressures. The subject of this dissertation emerged from a paradox: Portugal reveals a noticeable capacity to incorporate pressures from European social policies soft mechanisms, but at the same time shows a consistent pattern of bad compliance when it comes to hard-law instruments. This pattern of asymmetrical compliance creates an appropriate setting to understand how on one hand the Europeanization process affects domestic policies, and on the other, which factors explain the variation in the levels of policy change from one sub-field of social policy to another via policy instruments with different convergence capacities. I claim that the reasons for compliance with Europe should be sought in domestic factors, namely in the combination of a conducive context created by a strong European legacy in domestic policies with the convergence between the European pressure and the domestic policy agenda in policy arenas whose characteristics facilitate policy change. I make the case that there is no dualism between a politicisation and a socialisation approach. In fact, even considering the predominance of politicisation mechanisms, I argue that when compliance occurs, both mechanisms are present. My argument is that responses to European pressures reflect not only the introduction of new incentive structures but also the creation of new patterns of social relations. This is particularly true for European social policies, an area where Europe has invested over time in the dissemination of ideational resources, alongside material incentives. I argue that those ideational resources have a delayed effect by formatting policy arenas and giving meaning to certain incentives, providing a social context whereby pressures are perceived both as costeffective and as legitimate. The corollary of this line of reasoning is that there is no relation between the a priori convergence capacity of European policy instruments (i.e. soft and hard-law) and their de facto effectiveness. In the cases analysed, the decisive factor for domestic compliance was the combination of ideational with political factors. Furthermore, I argued that the distinctive traits of each policy arena are central to understand the extent to which EU policy initiatives mobilise domestic coalitions, which prove decisive for the resistance of policy innovation.
Matos, Marta Isabel Mendes Nunes de. "O estado-providência em Portugal e as políticas sociais: avaliação da implementação das cantinas sociais." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/9008.
Full textThe following disertation intendes to understand in which way the implementation of social canteen as a social policy measure may reflect the changes of the Welfare State role as well as it may be answering to the current needs of the citizens for whom this answer was created. The emergence and development of the Welfare State in Portugal take specific characteristics in social, economical, ideological and conceptual dimensions, which have been altered several times according to the transformations of the Portuguese social structure. These transformations have been identified at social policies and combating poverty levels, changes which justify the scrutiny of the evolution of the Welfare State in Portugal as well as the social policies that are the embodiment of these intervention principles, using the existing theoretical referential, combined with indicators which reflect their implementation and evolution. In the current times of social economical crisis, with a high unemployment rate and the increase of a situation of social vulnerability as well as poverty, that led to the implementation of a Social Emergency Program, which constitutes an answer based on the development of social policies measures that are currently taken as an intervention referential, the present thesis evaluates the implementation of this measure in a specific territory, Moita city council, including this measure conception perspective, its implementation, results and evaluates if it constitutes an answers for the people and families that benefit from it, of a institutional point of view, through the perception of a City Councilwoman and directors of Institutions that develop this measure.
Carrilho, Rita Alexandra Paixão. "O serviço social no processo das políticas de bem-estar : a prática profissional de influência da política social." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25740.
Full textThis study aims to deepen the knowledge about the relationship between Social Work and Social Policy. More specifically, we tried to ascertain if the Portuguese social workers incorporate policy practice in their daily professional work, by developing activities focused on bringing some influence onto social policies. Our goal was to bring some light to the level of involvement of social workers in this type of practice, and which factors may enhance or constraint such kind of practice. The reinforcement of the professional practice directed at the social policy arena has a double-edged dimension: the first is the reinforcement of the social role of Social Work, through the recovery of the core professional values that lie at the emergency and institutionalization of the Social Work profession, and which differentiate it from any other profession; the second is the recommitment of social policies to the furthering of social wellbeing and justice. This study used a quantitative and extensive approach, based on 265 valid answers to an online survey, which led to the conclusion that the social workers that answered the survey show a low level of engagement in policy practice activities, especially in activities which imply a greater public exposure, such as using the media or contacting policy makers or public officers to share an opinion, make a proposition or report a problem. In light of this study’s findings, we point out some leads to further research in this area, and develop strategies for the reinforcement of social workers activity in the social policy field. We highlight the role that academia can play in broadening policy practice, through teaching, research and expertise.
Oliveira, Simão Pedro Loureiro de Almeida Guimarães. "A política regional europeia em Portugal: programação dos fundos estruturais." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/7758.
Full textSince joining the European Economic Community in 1986, Portugal began to benefit from a financial support for the structural development of its economy, through contributions in national investments, public or private, designated as Structural Funds. The Structural Funds have encouraged economic agents to invest in various sectors of the Portuguese economy in order to enable greater socio-economic development. This research seeks to understand and indicate which sectors of the Portuguese economy were considered as priority by the Socialist Party and the Social Democratic Party governments’ in the programming of the Structural Funds aiming to achieve a higher socio-economic development. Through a quantitative research, we intend to analyze the Community Support Frameworks I, II and III in order to identify the amount of Community funding allocated to each sector. With the financial and economic crisis installed in Europe and mainly in Portugal, the Structural Funds are a key source of funding to boost investment and economic activity. Then, the distribution of Structural Funds by the different sectors of the Portuguese economy is an increasingly important issue for the political debate in Portugal.
Alves, Jenny Cabral. "A diáspora cabo-verdiana em Portugal: um novo modelo de participação política à distância." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/10363.
Full textIn 2011, Cape Verde has faced two election periods - legislatives and preseditial elections in February and August -, that stood out by the use of the internet as one of the principal tools of communication among the voters, parties and candidates during election campaigns. In order to demonstrate the importance of Internet in the relationship between the politicians and the voters abroad, an online survey was made to verify the behaviour of the online voters. The data acquaired allowed to conclude that the diaspora, as an user of this channel, in addition to demostrating a big interest in the politician activity, confirms the WEB utility on the search of information and during the election campgains. Through out the research it was also verified a strong online presence of the parties/candidates in the social media, oficial webpages and blogs, in which were made available the election programs and activities that took place during the election period, along with the presence of tradicional media on the web (newspaper, TV and radio) which constituted an essencial element in the formation of public opinion and participation of diaspora through this new political space for discussion. Contributing for a more active political participation by Cape Verdean society and a more aware and informed vote decision
Diogo, Elisete Simões. "Ser família de acolhimento de crianças em Portugal : motivações e experiências." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25873.
Full textFoster care is an almost absent component of the child care system in Portugal. Despite to be a legal response to child maltreatment, foster care only corresponds to 3,5 % of children in out-of-home care (CASA Report, 2015), representing the residential care 85,1%. The invisibility of foster care is a characteristic also observed in the Portuguese scientific community (Delgado, 2007). The present research contributes to a deeper visibility of foster care in Portugal, aiming to give voice to these families and understand their experiences as foster families, that is, their motivations and expectations and the needs and impacts on personal and family dynamics. The research questions are: i.) Why and how they become foster families? ii) What is their experience as foster families? iii) what can we learn from the foster families’ experiences to improve the child care and protection system in Portugal and the social workers’ performance? The research adopted a qualitative approach and the research design included narrative interviews with foster families, focused interviews with professional teams responsible by the recruiting, training and accompanying of the families, and case files analyses. The sample was intentional, attending the criterion of maximum variation, covering 10 foster families (FF), with two different supervision organizations. The qualitative data analysis adopted a Ground Theory orientation in is constructivist stand and was inspired by Charmaz (2006 and 2014) works. Foster families’ motivation is rooted in altruistic values and supported by affection for children and sensitivity to child maltreatment. These factors, but also the family and professional biography and the personal or indirect contact with out-of-home responses produce a predisposition to become foster family. The family resilience to host children with traumatic experiences and disruptive behaviours, the quality of social services support, supervision, as well as the link with the fostered children after they leave the FF, contribute to the renewal of the disposition to continue to be foster family. The FF experience is traversed by challenges and rewards. For the interviewed families to be foster family is a rewarding experience considering the recognition of the children, of the community, family, kinship and social services. The positive experience of foster families covered by this piece of research constitutes evidence to support the positive benefits for the Portuguese child welfare system to enlarge foster care as a response to child protection. The quality of social services and the performance of social workers is a key element for a successful experience. This study is a contribute for the child welfare public policy and for professional intervention.
Mata, João José Trocado da. "A igualdade e a desigualdade na educação em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12469.
Full textThis research analyzes the evolution of educational inequalities in Portugal in the last two centuries, and undertakes an assessment of the equality of educational opportunities within compulsory education in the present. The results show that the enrolment inequalities have been dislocated, transmuted and hardened as part of the expansion of the education system in the last sixty years. The findings also show that the national education system does not provide equal opportunities for educational achievement and constitute an invitation to rethink the equality of opportunities, the public policies in education and the relation between social and educational inequalities.
Farinha, Carlos Rodrigues. "Distribuição do rendimento, desigualdade e pobreza: Portugal nos anos 90." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11163.
Full text0 objective desta dissertação e o de proceder a uma análise aprofundada sobre a distribuição do rendimento em Portugal e compreender como esta se alterou ao Iongo dos anos 90 do seculo XX, utilizando os dados originais dos três mais recentes Inqueritos aos Orçamentos Familiares realizados pelo INE. Esta dissertação tenta responder a três questões: I) quais as principais alterações que ocorreram na distribuição dos rendimentos ao Iongo dos anos 90 em Portugal? 2) quais os principais factores explicativos das transformações verificadas e quais os principais determinantes da desigualdade e da pobreza? 3) qual o impacto das politicas redistributivas na distribuição do rendimento e, em particular, na redução da desigualdade e no atenuar das situações de pobreza? Na primeira parte desta dissertação apresentam-se, dum modo integrado, as diversas abordagens de analise da distribuição do rendimento e fundamentam-se as escolhas metodológicas que serão implementadas para estimar o bem-estar social, a desigualdade do rendimento e pobreza económica. As principais alterações na distribuição do rendimento são analisadas usando tanto medidas convencionais (indices distributivos) como diferentes criterios de dominância. 0 uso de técnicas de decomposição da pobreza e desigualdade permite urn estudo mais aprofundado de como vários factores influenciam a distribuição do rendimento, associando a desigualdade e a pobreza a SJJ grupos específicos da população e a diferentes fontes de rendimento. Finalmente, os impactos redistributivos do Programa de Rendimento Minimo Garantido na distribuição do rendimento são avaliados e a sua eficácia e eficiência no combate a pobreza em Portugal são discutidas.
The aim of this dissertation is to study the income distribution, level of inequality and financial poverty in Portugal during the 1990's as revealed by the primary data obtained from the three most recent household budget surveys produced by the Portuguese Statistical Office, INE. This dissertation addresses the three following questions: 1) what are the key trends on income distribution in Portugal between 1989 and 2000? 2) what are the most important determinants of both the level and evolution of poverty and economic inequality in the country during this period? 3) What is the impact of the redistributive policies on the income distribution? The first part of this dissertation provides a brief overview of the basic concepts and measures used to estimate well-being, income inequality and economic poverty defined within an integrated framework. The main trends on income distribution are analysed using both conventional measures (distributive indices) and different dominance criteria. The use of decomposition techniques to study poverty and inequality provides insight into how various factors influence the distribution of income. It also provides evidence how inequality and poverty can be related to income differences between population subgroups or how income inequality can be related to the distribution of different sources of income. Finally, the impact of the Portuguese Guaranteed Minimum Income Programme on the income distribution is evaluated and its effectiveness and efficiency in fighting poverty in Portugal are discussed.
Miguel, Nengudi Gomes Campos. "A pobreza dos idosos em Portugal : a perceção da pobreza dos idosos na união das freguesias do Laranjeiro e Feijó." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/7897.
Full textEste trabalho intitulado A pobreza dos Idosos em Portugal. A perceção da Pobreza dos Idosos na União das Freguesias do Laranjeiro e Feijó visa compreender a perceção que os idosos têm da sua situação de pobreza, como gerem a sua situação, bem como a perceção dos profissionais que prestam os apoios sociais a nível local para o debate a esse fenómeno. Segue-se o método indutivo, discritivo e interpretativo consistindo a metodologia numa abordagem essencialmente qualitativa socorrendo-se fundamentalmente em termos de técnicas de recolha de dados, da pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevista semi-estruturada e semi- diretiva tendo como sujeitos participantes do estudo, idosos em situação de pobreza e profissionais que intervêm com os idosos a nível local. A recolha de dados realizou-se em três instituições da União das freguesias do Laranjeiro e Feijó nos dias 10, 12 e 16 de Maio de 2016 e 1 de Junho do ano referido. Sendo que os idosos foram entrevistados apenas numa das instituições pela facilidade de acesso aos mesmos. Deste modo, parece-nos legítimo afirmar que a pobreza implica sempre a ideia de precariedade das condições de vida na medida em que tal como eles próprios sublinharam vivem com muito poucos recursos. Deixam em evidência que a maioria dos utentes do centro de dia da instituição em estudo, vivem com os rendimentos, das pensões de velhice muito baixas. Dos cinco utentes entrevistados apenas uma demostrou ter rendimento suficiente para viver com o filho. Os restantes utentes sentem-se remediados, referindo que vivem com poucos rendimentos. Quanto à satisfação demostrada pelos serviços prestados pela instituição que os apoia, na sua generalidade os utentes entrevistados classificaram como positivo, evidenciando as medidas de combate a pobreza dos idosos nas freguesias do Laranjeiro e Feijó, enunciadas pelos profissionais entrevistados as mesmas consubstanciam-se fundamentalmente em trabalho em rede, parcerias, articulação, coordenação em ordem à obtenção de respostas complementares. Algumas dessas respostas incluem a prestação de bens alimentares, prestações pecuniárias eventuais para vários fins. Também o centro de dia, apoio domiciliário, a ação social, e intervenção comunitária direta, assim como a cantina social, constituem-se como respostas a população idosa em situação de pobreza a nível local.
This work entitled Poverty of the Elderly in Portugal. The perception of the Poverty of the Elderly in the Union Parishes of Laranjeiro and Feijo aims to understand the perception that the elderly have of their poverty situation, how to manage their situation, as well as the perception of the professionals that lend social support the local level to the debate to this phenomenon. The inductive, discretionary and interpretive method follows the methodology in an essentially qualitative approach resorting fundamentally in terms of techniques of data collection, bibliographical research and semi-structured and semi-directive interview with subjects of the study, elderly in the situation of poverty and professionals who intervene with the elderly at the local level. Data collection was carried out in three institutions of the Parish Union of Laranjeiro and Feijó on 10, 12 and 16 May 2016 and 1 June of the referred year. Being that the elderly were interviewed only in one of the institutions by the facilitie of access to them. In this way, it seems legitimate to say that poverty always implies the idea of precarious living conditions to the extent that, as they themselves have pointed out, they live with very few resources. They make it clear that the majority of users of the day care center of the study institution live on the income from very low old age pensions. Of the five users interviewed, only one person showed sufficient income to live with the child. The remaining users feel remediated, saying that they live on low incomes. As for the satisfaction shown by the services provided by the institution that supports them, in general the users interviewed classified as positive, evidencing the measures to combat poverty of the elderly in the parishes of Laranjeiro and Feijó, enunciated by the professio1nals interviewed, are essentially based on networking, partnerships, coordination and coordination in order to obtain complementary responses. Some of these responses include the provision of food, occasional cash benefits for various purposes. Day center, home support, social action, and direct community intervention, as well as the social canteen, constitute responses to the elderly population living in poverty at the local level.
Silva, Guilherme Capa Araújo e. "Neoliberalismo e direitos humanos à luz da intervenção da Troika em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/74461.
Full textAo longo da história, sempre foi manifesta a relação entre política económica e direito, sendo que mudanças num destes domínios têm repercussões no outro. A relação é evidente no regime dos direitos humanos que, enquanto elemento do sistema internacional estabelecido no pós-guerra, foi criado com base na interação entre duas ideologias políticas e económicas concorrentes: o liberalismo e o socialismo. Esta bipolaridade ideológica manifestou-se na inclusão quer de direitos civis e políticos, derivados da conceção liberal de direitos humanos, quer de direitos económicos, sociais e culturais, decorrentes da visão socialista dos mesmos. A Europa foi palco dessa tensão ideológica, em resposta à qual a adoção de componentes do modelo político-económico socialista por parte dos estados capitalistas europeus resultou na criação de um sistema que se veio a conhecer como Estado Providência. Contudo, uma nova doutrina, o neoliberalismo, veio a ganhar ímpeto nos anos 70 e atingiu predominância internacional após o final da Guerra Fria. Num sistema internacional em que essa doutrina tem vindo a pôr em causa o equilíbrio ideológico sobre o qual assenta o regime dos direitos humanos, esta dissertação tem como objeto analisar a relação entre neoliberalismo e direitos humanos. Mediante o estudo do impacto das medidas de austeridade implementadas em Portugal no contexto da crise económica e financeira da última década, esta dissertação pluridisciplinar, utilizando ferramentas metodológicas de direito, mas também de economia e de ciência política, constata que a prescrição de políticas económicas neoliberais resultou em restrições significativas da dimensão económica, social e cultural do regime dos direitos humanos. O estudo de caso português é igualmente demonstrativo de que na Europa, o fenómeno da neoliberalização a nível partidário e das instituições europeias tem vindo a resultar na erosão do Estado Providência e na restrição de direitos económicos e sociais na União Europeia. Avizinhando-se, devido à atual pandemia, o que será previsivelmente uma das piores crises económicas de sempre, avaliar a relação entre políticas económicas neoliberais e direitos humanos, de forma a ser possível estimar os potenciais efeitos de eventuais futuras medidas neoliberais sobre os direitos económicos, sociais e culturais, afigura-se-nos importante.
Throughout history, the relationship between economic policy and law has always been visible, with changes on one side being felt by its counterpart. This relationship is evident in the human rights regime which, as a component of the international system built in the aftermath of World War II, was created based on the interaction of two competing political and economic ideologies: liberalism and socialism. This ideological bipolarity was made apparent in the inclusion of both civil and political rights, derived from the liberal conception of human rights, and economic, social, and cultural rights, stemming from their socialist formulation. Europe was also stage to this ideological tension, in which the espousal of elements of the socialist politico-economic model by capitalist European states resulted in the creation of a system which came to be known as Welfare State. However, a new doctrine, neoliberalism, started gaining momentum in the 1970s and achieved predominance in the aftermath of the Cold War. In an international system in which this doctrine has come to jeopardise the ideological balance upon which the human rights regime is anchored, this dissertation aims to analyse the relationship between neoliberalism and human rights. By means of the study of the impact of the austerity measures implemented in Portugal in the context of last decade’s economic and financial crisis, this multidisciplinary dissertation, employing methodological tools from law, but also from economics and political science, determines that the prescription of neoliberal economic policies has resulted in significant restrictions of the economic, social, and cultural side of the human rights regime. The Portuguese case study is likewise indicative that, in Europe, the phenomenon of neoliberalisation has been resulting in the erosion of the Welfare State and the restriction of economic and social rights in the European Union. Being, due to the current pandemic, on the brink of what will foreseeably be one of the worst economic crises of all time, we think it important to assess the relationship between neoliberal economic policies and human rights, so that one may be able to estimate the potential effects of possible future neoliberal measures on economic, social, and cultural rights.
Abreu, Edner Divan Assunção de. "As políticas activas de emprego: análise comparativa da estratégia de activação em Portugal, Alemanha e na Suécia." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/4401.
Full textIn 1997, after the Luxembourg summit, the European Union launched the European Employment Strategy (EES). The European Council meeting propelled the guidelines adopted by the European Union Member States towards a new generation of labor market policies, strengthening the enabling high on the agenda. There has been over the past two decades, an attempt to replace the logic of passivity by the activation in relation to employment, through the promotion of new jobs in the field of social economy, increased employability, promoting training and professional qualifications of the unemployed or even through the allocation of socially useful tasks, in return for aid received from the state. The aim with this thesis in Science of Labor and Industrial Relations, study the development of active employment policies in Portugal during the period 1998 to 2007, compared with Germany and Sweden. For the activation strategy across countries put forward for consideration, both share the same ideology: the activation as a priority objective. There is however some heterogeneity in relation to active employment policies and the degree of intervention of each country's labor market is partly determined by their economic development and partly determined by different strategies and institutional contexts.
Silveirinha, Maria Helena dos Reis. "A criação de emprego é suficiente para combater a pobreza na União Europeia? Reflexões sobre a Estratégia de Lisboa." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/1152.
Full textA Estratégia de Lisboa renovada centra a aposta da União Europeia no crescimento e no emprego, para atingir uma maior competitividade, mas também para reforçar a coesão social por essa via. Nesta dissertação de mestrado em Economia e Politicas Publicas, o que se pretende analisar e se a criação de emprego constitui o factor decisivo para combater a pobreza a escala europeia. Para tal, estudou-se o percurso feito, de 1995 a 2005, pelos Estados-membros da UE15. O crescimento do emprego não parece exercer influencia estatisticamente significativa nas taxas de risco de pobreza, antes e após as transferências sociais. No domínio do emprego, apenas a taxa de desemprego de longa duração emerge como factor explicativo secundário do fenómeno da pobreza. Maior influência parece exercer o nível de escolaridade dos jovens. Contudo, o grande contributo explicativo para as taxas de risco de pobreza, antes e após as transferências sociais, e dado pelo abandono escolar precoce, associado ao crescimento do emprego e a taxa de desemprego de longa duração. Relativamente a diferenciação entre os Estados-membros, distribuídos por distintos regimes de welfare state, e atendendo a evolução registada no período, verifica-se, no período, uma relativa homogeneização estrutural. Ao mesmo tempo, assiste-se a uma aparente reorganização dos modelos de protecção social consagrados na literatura (escandinavo, continental, anglo-saxónico e do Sul europeu). Neste estudo, foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas diversas, incluindo a análise de clusters e a regressão.
The renewed Lisbon strategy for the EU has focused on growth and employment in order to help the EU to achieve more competitiveness as well as a stronger social cohesion. This Master Thesis in Economics and Public Policy aims to analyze whether job creation constitutes the key factor to tackle poverty at European level. UE15 Member-States were studied over the period 1995-2005. The employment growth does not seem to have significant statistical influence on poverty risk rates, before and after social transfers. Therefore, at employment level only the long term unemployment rate emerges as a secondary explicative factor regarding poverty phenomenon. Youth education attainment level seems to have a stronger influence. However, early school leavers rate - associated with employment growth and long term unemployment rates - appears as the main explicative factor regarding the levels of poverty risk, before and after social transfers. Regarding the differentiation between Member States, which belong to different welfare state models, a relative structural homogenization seems to have taken place over the period concerned. At the same time, an apparent reorganization of the four consecrated social protection models occurred (Scandinavian, Continental, Anglo-Saxon and Southern European). This study has used a combination of different statistical techniques such as cluster and regression analysis.
Bento, Américo José Veloso Simões. "Programa Rede Social: Paisagem organizacional do Conselho Local de Ação Social de Lisboa." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/19229.
Full textThe Social Network Program celebrates 20 years of legitimacy in Portugal, determined by stages of experimentation to affirm active social policies, broadening its scope of action throughout the Continental territory and with the ambition of regular production of strategic instruments, to ensure informed support for the decision, through tools designed for the measurability of social reality. The purpose of this research is to carry out a case study on the organizational landscape of the Local Council of Social Action of Lisbon (CLAS-Lx), the largest social network program structure in the country, from the perspective of public policies. For this, the analysis was organized towards the axes of the functional structure, composition, participation and production of CLAS-Lx strategic instruments. However, in order to establish a rigorous study, the term of social network was first conceptualized and subject to reflection, according to the methodology of the Stages of Public Policies. The intention of this dissertation is to contribute to the area of research in public policies, representing the potential of its multidisciplinary versatility and extensive methodological combinations, being selected for this scenario, the participant observation and documentary analysis to carry out a case study.
Gomes, Sónia Piedade Apolinário Ribeiro. "O esperanto em Portugal: língua internacional e movimentos sociais." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/15819.
Full textThis thesis analyses the phenomenon initiated with the creation of the international language Esperanto in 1887. The theoretical discussion introduces the problem of an international language, either relatively the nationalities and their linguistic realities, either in the context of globalized scenarios and its multilingual contingencies; it follows with a brief perspective of international auxiliary languages, and finally a view of social movements, which are also global phenomena and have principles of justice and social equality that are shared with most of the esperantist organizations. The historic analysis of the Esperanto movement, in dialogue with social progress principles, pacifist ideals, nationalistic contexts, labour movement and libertarian phenomena, the world wars, the construction of transnational organizations such as UN and EU, and the defense of human rights which include linguistic ones, all these allowed the illustration of Esperanto movement identity with social movements. At last, an exhaustive historical reconstitution of the portuguese Esperanto movement since its dawn in 1892 till present days, tracked back protagonists, groups and associations, and its dialogue with the republican, dictatorship and democratic political regimes.
Leite, Ana Maria Fernandes. "As Políticas públicas da cultura em Portugal (1995-2015): Análise das posições ideológicas do PS e do PSD." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/47277.
Full textCulture, regarded as a public policy area, has come to be placed at the bottom of the pyramid of political priorities in Portugal, irrespective of the party holding power in the government. However, is it possible to state that political ideology influences the formulation of public policies in the cultural sector? Do exogenous factors, such as globalization, European integration and international financial crisis, have an impact on the formulation of cultural policies? To answer these questions, the following research adopts a comparative perspective and focuses on studies of electoral programs and government programs of the PS and the PSD, showing their orientations over the last twenty years. Interviews with former politicians provide an internal perspective about their policy making process. Like other public policy areas, cultural policies are influenced by ideological views, which can be easily proven by the discontinuity of the political proposals and by an excess of reforms. At the same time, there are two aspects that help to position cultural policies on a left-right scale: the rule given to private participation ante the place assigned to Culture in the political agenda. However, the formulation of cultural policies is also shaped by external social, economic and political transformations.
Marques, Fernando Rui de Freitas Pires. "A eficácia das empresas de inserção na integração das pessoas com deficiência em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8467.
Full textThe present Master’s Thesis has its core motivation on the author’s interest on the potential of insertion companies as a measure of active social policy as well as on its efficacy in terms of socio-professional integration of handicapped people. Focusing on the study of two Portuguese social companies the thesis begins by fitting the initiatives into the political philosophy scope, which is in its origin in Europe, approaching their legal framework process in Portugal and its subsequent evolution in our country. This framework allows to situate the main current issues related to this employment policy measure in a specific field of handicapped people integration, analysing the case of two companies run by a large work tradition in the sector, AFID and CERCICA, as a way to illustrate the answer to those questions. Therefore, the methodology used is qualitative. It is a thorough analysis of two cases – two insertion companies that employ handicapped people. Queries were performed to the workers of such companies, in insertion process, to the relevant technicians and to the sponsor entities managers. From the study, one can conclude that insertion companies have a base philosophy in line with the logic of active social policies creating access opportunities of disabled people to professional experience, development and use of their capabilities for an autonomous participation in social and economical life. Yet, there are constrains that limit this potential and it is important to correct them so that the entire measure dimension can come true. This measure is placed in the intersection between employment policies, of qualification and rehabilitation, and the mentioned constrains make that the social dimension prevails clearly over the business dimension, which is essential since it focus on the people’s preparation to the open market employment. Nevertheless, the beneficiaries from these companies consider them an important opportunity given the alternative shortage.
Santos, Cláudia Priscila Chupel dos. "A assistência estudantil brasileira e a ação social portuguesa nas universidades públicas: do conhecimento à pratica informada em serviço social." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/16232.
Full text"The brazilian and the portuguese students' Welfare Policy (ASES) in state universities" aims to elaborate new indicators for an informed practice in Social Work. The research was based on the analytic-empirical and social-critic scientific paradigm. It further systematise the configuration of the ASES system in Portugal and in Brazil, among 2008 to 2014. The mixed method was used to conduct scientifically the different nature of data analysis: qualitative (gathered from documental analysis and interviews) and quantitative (from on line inquiry). The universe of research was constituted by students’ welfare services from four Portuguese and two Brazilian state universities. Results allows the constitution of two access and staying ASES paradigms, which assumes meaning in the Brazilian and Portuguese students' representation regarding access to support, attribution, autonomy, staying and efficiency. Results also show that social work participates in social responses production, mainly in students’ accompaniment strategies and social responses. Conclusions point out that Luso-Brazilian ASES are based on constitutive and ontological elements, and that the constants reconfigurations are influenced by the socioeconomic matrix, following tendencies from the group of countries they belong. It is confirmed the importance of ASES supports toward students' staying conditions in university in both countries, however, its efficiency is better evaluated by the Brazilian students. For social work in ASES there are constrains that results from a timid action. Thus, its practice should be guided by indicators that promote equal opportunities.
Santos, Inês Filipa Correia. "Contributos do serviço social para as políticas públicas na promoção dos direitos da pessoa idosa." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18611.
Full textThis research titled “Contributions of Social Work to public policy on the promotion of elderly people rights”, systemizes information regarding public policy on the context of ageing, undertakes an informed debate on the conceptual deconstruction and design and reviews Social Work action on this area of activity. Furthermore, it also enquires on the causes and consequences of ageing as well as the several ways to do so. The methodology was guided by a qualitative, analytical and interpretative approach built on data collection through semi-structured interviews with social workers and elderly people and in depth interviews with officials and lawmakers of National Assembly. Data treatment was carried out by SPSS software and substance analysis to the above mentioned interviews. We concluded that an elderly person marked by a third party at the time of first contact with a technical team can present many types of reactions, from relief to acceptance, shame, fear, anger or resistance, considering is own perceptions of isolation, acknowledged isolation (relief, acceptance, shame), ignored isolation (fear), dismissed isolation (anger or resistance). In a second phase, there was an expression of different isolation typologies when was more distinguishable physical isolation, psychic isolation, economic isolation and social isolation. The methodology used by Social Work on the approach and monitoring of an elderly person capable of making decisions are both person and network centered interventions on both private welfare institutions and Santa Casa da Misericordia. Regardless of the socioinstitucional and communal context of which the elderly person is part of, social workers seek equal opportunities when obtaining the available social responses although context influence the intervention decision making process as well which responses are made available, choosing those who are appropriate to each individual case.
Baptista, Edna Joana Alves. "Os Meios de Comunicação Social e politica externa: um estudo de caso sobre a agência Lusa e o seu papel, e contributo a nível de política externa Portuguesa na Questão de Timor Leste." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/116035.
Full textDue to the increasingly complex international environment, highly anchored in the information flows, over the years, the media have assumed themselves as an important way of being and acting in the international arena and in the foreign policy. However, although this complex relationship between the media and political power has been extensively addressed in Communication Studies, several dimensions are yet to be explored in the field of International Relations. One of the questions that needs attention is about how the media, and in particular news agencies, can intervene in foreign policy, either as active and influential participants, or as an instrument/channel to execute States or other political actors' strategies. The present investigation focuses in such relationship, paying particular attention to the Portugal’s situation, considering a case study about the public service news agency, Lusa, and its relationship with the portuguese foreign policy regarding a specific event in its history – the East Timor independence process. The contribution that we intend to bring to the discussion of this theme lies in the following research question: “What was the contribution and role played by the Lusa news agency, as an entity providing a public information service, in terms of (the portuguese) foreign policy in the East Timor process?”. In this thesis it’s argued that, on the one hand, Lusa sought to act independently and in accordance with the canons of journalism, acting as a relevant and participative actor in the timorese process, on the other hand, it was considered in the strategic plan of the portuguese foreign policy as an important channel for the dissemination of the positions of the portuguese State, as a bridge and enabling the mobilization of public opinion and as a source of primary information, being an example of how the relationship between foreign policy and the media is ambiguous, diverse and marked by dynamics of influence and interdependence with relevant repercussions on the activity and other aspects of foreign policy. This is an exploratorydescriptive investigation, with the general goal of launching the debate and the first clues about the role of news agencies within the scope of the foreign policy – a theme that is yet to be explored further in the literature –, that is, about the complexity of interactions between political and media spheres within the international system. In order to do so, the approach followed brought together perspectives from different areas, namely approaches from Foreign Policy Analysis, Neoclassical Realism and Constructivism (from IR and FP), the perspective of mutual influence between media-politics (from the field of Communication) and the conceptual resources proposed by Critical Discourse Analysis.
Dinis, Inês Margarida Henriques. "Combate à pobreza e exclusão social durante a implementação da Estratégia Europa 2020: Resultados alcançados e desafios para o futuro." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/20695.
Full textIn the year of the end of the Europe 2020 Strategy, it is important to reflect on what has happened since the closing of the Lisbon Strategy cycle (2000-2010) to the current strategy. In this context, one of the objectives is to make it possible to know the evolution of social issues in Europe over these years and to understand the effects of the Europe 2020 Strategy, with emphasis on the objective of poverty and social exclusion. Firstly, we will define Europe 2020 in broad terms: the EU Growth Strategy. Next, we will explain the strategy for the period up to 2020 at national level, Portugal 2020. Later, we will clarify the importance of the fight against poverty within the Europe 2020 Strategy and Portugal 2020. Next, we will present the indicators used in the empirical part. After that we will present the methodology and then make a descriptive analysis of the Portuguese and European situation regarding the fight against poverty and social exclusion. Finally, we will take stock and make recommendations. With this project work, we conclude that for the EU the target of reducing people at risk of poverty and social exclusion by 20 million has not been reached so far, but in 2017 Portugal reached the national target of reducing people at risk of poverty and social exclusion by 200 thousand. However, it is important to realize that of the three indicators that make up the composite indicator, the population at risk of poverty was the least successful.
Guedes, Nuno Miguel Lopes. "Convergência ideológica e de políticas públicas? PS e PSD numa comparação europeia." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6726.
Full textAnalyses of PS and PSD tend to consider them as extremely similar or even identical political parties. In this thesis we try to verify this idea. First, we “measure” the ideology of the two major parties in Portugal using expert surveys, evaluations from the electors and through a quantitive and qualitative study of the electoral programs. The findings confirm that PS and PSD are closer than other European parties that have dominated their party systems. However this closeness does not imply that they are equal. In fact they are different parties that can be placed in their traditional ideological families and are becoming even more distant in the important subject of welfare state. Second, looking at the evolution of the welfare state, we try to understand if PS and PSD applied different policies when they were in government between 1986 and 2010. It is possible to identify differences in some public policies pursued by the two parties. However, these differences were not enough to visibly affect indicators that show the evolution of public expenses and revenues, which were more dependent of the late growth of the Portuguese welfare state. The public finances in Portugal and in a group of several European countries are much more dependent on the international tendency than on the ideology that dominates the government. The last finding confirms the theories of globalization which says that States are increasingly interdependent and semi-sovereign. This thesis ends with a qualitative analysis through interviews with former policymakers trying to understand the causes of the alleged ideological convergence in Portugal. The conclusions are in agreement with the quantitative analysis of the previous chapter: there are important internal factors that limit policies related to the welfare state. However, the external constraints (globalization and, above all, European integration) tend to affect strongly the options of governments leading to a progressive similarity of public policies developed by parties of different ideologies even if these outputs aren't equal.
Veloso, Larraz David. "La justificación de las políticas de austeridad: un análisis comparado de las estrategias discursivas de los partidos socialistas en España y Portugal (2010-2017)." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/16351.
Full textFrom a comparative perspective, this thesis sets out to analyze how the socialist parties have adapted their discourse during the financial crisis in order to justify austerity in both Spain and Portugal. In this work we intend to understand the foundations of the twists and turns in discourse, which have its epicentre in the imperative demand of the European Institutions and the dispute of democracy. The object of this investigation has its departing point the crisis of the European social democracy due to its ideological difficulties and contradictions after adopting the austerity measures. Henceforth, we analyse the change in discourse and its strategy to recover both political initiative and leadership in order for socialist parties to return to power. In the Portuguese case, the leftward turn is discourse launched through an agreement of governance with other leftwing parties. In the Spanish case, this turn is made evident after the collapse of negotiations with the emerging political parties after the two general elections held. For these reasons, the left wing government in Portugal represents a paradigmatic case as a model of government for European social democracy. Lastly, from a normative perspective we argue that public policies can be key for a Portuguese style government in Spain and, confirming its emancipatory character, an alternative way of government to austerity.
Ferreira, Francisco Manuel Canas Cardoso Durães. "Development of an inventory management policy at Wurth Portugal." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24779.
Full textO presente projeto é realizado numa empresa de venda de equipamento e prestação de serviços de manutenção desses equipamentos. O objetivo do projeto foi a redução do tempo de reparação dos equipamentos por via do incremento da disponibilidade de peças para realização dessas mesmas reparações. Tendo-se identificado que a falta de peças para reparação adia a conclusão das reparações, a política de gestão de stock em vigor foi estudada e tendo em conta a variabilidade na procura e abastecimento, foi proposta à empresa uma nova política de gestão de stock para combater as irregularidades atuais. Para além disso, também foram identificados os potenciais riscos de abastecimento relacionados com fornecedores e prazos de entrega e proposta uma política de mitigação do risco de abastecimento. Foi analisada a atual política de gestão de stock de peças de substituição de máquinas e identificados os respetivos riscos de abastecimento. A avaliação dos dados foi feita através de observação, entrevistas e grupos focais nos departamentos de compras, logística e serviços técnicos da empresa. As peças de substituição foram dividas por classes através da análise ABC (volume de vendas) com o intuito de selecionar as com maior grau de importância, as denominadas de classe A. Assim sendo, foi proposto uma sugestão de melhoria de gestão do stock de peças de substituição de classe A. Também foi elaborada uma proposta de mitigação do risco do abastecimento. As propostas foram implementadas, originando uma melhoria substancial ao longo do processo de reparação de máquinas.
Pereira, Pedro Alves Santos Paiva. "Socioeconomic determinants of mortality in Portugal." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/133146.
Full textLemos, Valter Victorino. "A influência da OCDE nas políticas públicas de educação em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8434.
Full textThe latest wave of globalization in the late twentieth century and the consequences generated by the interdependence of States have brought new ways of looking at public policy, as well as the mechanisms ofinfluence of international organizations in the diffusion, transfer and convergence of these policies. The OECD is one of the organizations, in education policy, has played a prominent role, which acquired greater impact and visibility with the release ofthe PISA program. TheOECDactionin Portugal began in the '60s and lasted to the present day. There were several mechanisms of action of the OECD, over the three phases in which it took place, as the ideasproduction, datageneration and policy evaluation. In the first phase the main instrument of action was the Mediterranean Regional Project and a paradigm shift occurredin the Portuguese educational policy. In the second phase the instrument used was theNational Education Policy Examination and has been taking place stabilization of structural axes of this policy. In the third phase, the instruments used were the production and dissemination of educational indicators, established as standards and benchmarks, with emphasis on those related to PISA, been taking place, in addition to the consolidation of those axes, a convergence with the policies and benchmarks defined OECD. We conclude that public policies that were present in the construction of the Portuguese educational system in the last 50 years havehad a major influence of the OECD, notably the shift towards a more equitable and more democratic school, the consolidation of a more structured and universal education system and convergence of policies to improve educational outcomes.
Tchivole, Tarcísio Afonso. "RELAÇÕES DE COOPERAÇÃO ANGOLA - PORTUGAL." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/21679.
Full textThe Angolan-Portuguese Relations’ cooperation is framed in bases of historical, sociocultural, political-diplomatic, economic-commercial context and, from a globalization viewpoint, is anchored in the liberal institutionalist paradigm supported on bases of complex interdependence, whereby the role of the state despite being seen as central and main actor, it is clear and unquestionable the active participation of other actors, such as private sector, non-state members, transnational organizations and civil society, in both ways. Thus, this research intends to lend its descriptive analytical focus on the Angolan-Portuguese Relations’ Cooperation, corresponding to the period of 2002, the end of the civil war in Angola to the present time. As such, it will try to answer to the factors which contribute to determine and characterize Angola’s relations with Portugal perceived as economically interdependent and promoter of a pragmatic foreign policy between both states. The measurement of interdependence and pragmatism in relations between the two actors was demonstrated by the weight of the trade balance of both sides, reinforced by intense economic relations dealing with investments at all levels, from the micro to IX the macro businesses, by the number of companies and businesses interests of both sides, movement of people in both sides, movement of goods and services with high indicators of sensitivity and vulnerability among its agents, even though seen as asymmetric with weight favoring Portugal. In addition, the conduct of the foreign policy of the two actors despite a certain pragmatism in their bilateral relations, confirmed in the consistency of politic-diplomatic, economic-commercial and social actions in the post-independence period, civil war and post-civil war / Reconstruction and peacebuilding period, such actions has been poorly articulated and understood in the dynamics dealing with complex interdependence. This work argues that there is a pragmatic relationship between the two countries either political, economic and socially even though it is noticeable gradual perception of interdependence among them with affects the way they react on foreigner policy. Thus, the investigation tries to answer to the factors which determined and characterize this relation as economically interdependent. Hence, the works that argues that between Angola and Portugal there is a growing mutual dependence (interdependence) on the economies of both states, with an impact on the domestic and external policies dealing with cooperation of the both countries, reflected through indicators of sensitivity and vulnerability curried out by them as a result of such cooperation described and characterized as mutually dependent.
Moura, Afonso Pereira da Silva Souto. "Monetary and fiscal policy in Portugal before and after the Euro adoption: an SVAR analysis." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/66788.
Full textPocinho, Maria Dias. "Energy poverty in Portugal: which households are the most vulnerable?" Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/111664.
Full textSilva, Guilherme Bugalho Mah Alves Da. "The impact of monetary policy on economic activity in Portugal: a high-frequency event-study." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/133141.
Full textSampaio, Vera Ritta Branco de. "Os processos de regularização de imigrantes realizados em Portugal: que avaliação?" Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/13643.
Full textThis thesis in Public Policy addresses the immigration policies adopted in Portugal, with a special focus on regularisation measures. Taking into account the political, economic and social context that shapes public policies over time, this thesis aims at identifying the main factors that influenced both decision-making and implementation of regularisation measures as well as to understand the role of the various players involved in those practices. The core research hypothesis stems from the sensitiveness of the subject, which conditioned the content of political decisions. Hence Portuguese governments tended to refrain from adopting regularisation programmes. Instead they preferred to use regularisation mechanisms to be applied on an individual basis according to the political, economic and social interests of each moment, and relying upon the management ability of the Portuguese Immigration and Boarders Service (SEF). This research is underpinned by a methodological strategy that combines different approaches and empirical research techniques. It was given a special emphasis on bibliographical collection on immigration policies, with a focus on regularisation measures. There was a stage devoted to the documental analysis of legislation to assess the evolution of immigration policies over time. The third step was focused on a quantitative analysis of legal migrants, as well as those who benefited from regularisation practices. In the last stage a number of interviews were conducted to policy-makers and top civil servants involved in decision-making and implementation of regularisation measures.
Soares, Nicole Lopes. "O incumprimento do défice orçamental em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18393.
Full textFollowing the economic and financial crisis of 2008, fiscal policy is a priority issue on the political agenda of the European Union. Due to the importance of fiscal policy, Member States have engaged in economic and monetary reconstruction for the rehabilitation of the crisis by constructing a new regulation on the values of the budget deficit drafted in the Maastricht Treaty. In recent days, Portugal has been one of the Member States most affected by the economic crisis, presenting and surpassing exorbitant amounts of budget deficits, due to the political decisions imposed by the Portuguese governments and even requesting monetary aid from the International Monetary Fund. The present exploratory research, through a quantitative methodology, intends to identify the factors that influence the non-fulfillment of the budget deficit in Portugal.