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Journal articles on the topic 'Port Landscapes'
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1
Brandellero, Sara. "Journeys and Landscapes in Joo Cabral de Melo Neto." Portuguese Studies 30, no. 2 (2014): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/port.2014.0004.
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Queiroz, Ana Isabel. "Landscapes of Portugal in Two Hundred Years of Narratives." Portuguese Studies 33, no. 1 (2017): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/port.2017.0024.
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Brownill, Sue. "Port cities – dynamic landscapes and global networks." Planning Perspectives 27, no. 3 (July 2012): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665433.2012.680287.
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John-Alder, Kathleen, and Stephen H. Whiteman. "Port cities and landscapes of the sea." Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 42, no. 4 (October 2, 2022): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2022.2159248.
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RUSWICK, Theresa, Sean BURKHOLDER, Brian DAVIS, and Matthew MOFFITT. "Healthy Port Futures: Rethinking Sediments for Rivermouth Landscapes." Landscape Architecture Frontiers 9, no. 3 (2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-laf-1-040027.
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Yhang, Wii-Joo, Bon-A. Gu, and Ky-Hyang Yuhn. "Visual Preference Analysis of North Port Landscapes in Busan." Journal of Korean navigation and port research 32, no. 3 (April 30, 2008): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5394/kinpr.2008.32.3.265.
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Ben Hilell, Keren, and Yael Allweil. "Infrastructure Development and Waterfront Transformations: Physical and Intangible Borders in Haifa Port City." Urban Planning 6, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4198.
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Constructed on its natural bay as a fortified Muslim town in the late 18th century, Haifa’s port city transformed into a modern cosmopolitan port city in the second half of the 19th century. Significant technological, administrative, and social changes made Haifa into the transportation and economic hub of northern Palestine: Its harbor, the first in the region, became a gate to the east for commodities, pilgrimages, and ideas. British imperialism enlarged it with landfill areas and added an industrial function, constructing refineries and a connecting pipeline with Iraq. Haifa port served as the main entry port for immigration and goods for the newly founded Israeli state. Privatization and neo-liberalization transformed it from national port to international corporate hub, reshaping both port and city. Individual entrepreneurs, local governments, and imperial actions shaped and reshaped the landscape; perforating new access points, creating porous borders, and a new socioeconomic sphere.<strong> </strong>This process persisted through the Late Ottoman era, the British Mandate, and the Israeli state. From the first Ottoman landfills to the sizeable British harbor of 1933, the market economy led urban planning of Haifa’s waterfront and its adjacent railroad to the current Chinese petrol-harbor project. What were the city’s tangible and intangible borders? How did these changes, influenced by local and foreign agendas, unfold? Tapping into built-environment evidence; archival documents (architectural drawings, plans, maps, and photographs); and multidisciplinary academic literature to examine Haifa’s urban landscape transformation, this article studies the history of Haifa’s planned urban landscape—focusing on transformations to the port and waterfront to adjust to new technologies, capital markets, and political needs. We thus explore Haifa port history as a history of porosity and intangibility—rather than the accepted history of European modernization—building upon theoretical literature on global networks and urban form, regional dynamics of port cities, and tangible and intangible border landscapes.
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Brown, Peter Hendee. "A Review of “Port cities; Dynamic landscapes and global networks”." Journal of the American Planning Association 78, no. 2 (April 2012): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2012.674880.
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Findlay, James. "Cinematic landscapes, dark tourism and the ghosts of Port Arthur." History Australia 16, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 678–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14490854.2019.1670072.
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Fernandes, Jacinta, Joana Bizarro, Nuno de Santos Loureiro, and Carlos B. Santos. "The Winds and the Waves That Carved Out Today’s Coastal Landscape of Sines (Portugal)." Humanities 9, no. 4 (October 15, 2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9040120.
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The Atlantic maritime winds and waves, as natural forces, shaped the physiography of Sines, a peculiar rocky cliff cape at the western Portuguese coast, as well as cultural processes have shaped its spatial arrangement since ancient times. Despite its small size, Sines port has always been an important maritime trade corner. In the 1970s, winds and waves of modernity reached the Sines coast with an imposing industrial-port complex. We present the history of Sines cape focusing on its landscape dynamics. The patch-corridor-matrix model allowed us to describe the mosaic transformation of such a unique landscape. Spatial information was gathered mostly from historical maps processed with digital tools. A time series of thematic maps (landscape mosaic pattern) was obtained, covering more than 120 years. Current results emphasize that this landscape underwent relevant transformations related to human activities since former times, although disturbance and fragmentation of the landscape were strongly intensified after the arrival of the post-modern wave of the industrial culture. The present study provides a contribution to the history of the Portuguese and Mediterranean coastal landscapes; and results could be used to support decision making in sustainable management of this territory.
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Blinovskaya, Ya Yu, L. I. Sokolova, A. M. Lebedev, N. E. Kazanova, and A. B. Tarasov. "Underwater landscapes condition assessment in the Nakhodka bay (sea of Japan) port water area." HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 59 (2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33933/2074-2762-2020-59-84-93.
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The diversity of natural resources and favorable economic and geographical location have always ensured a high degree of the coastal zone development. This is particularly pronounced in port areas, where there is not only a high concentration of production facilities, but also a high population density, leading to conflict situations and social tensions. Underwater landscapes monitoring results in the coal terminals area are presented. Contamination of bottom grounds by oil products and heavy metals has been noted. Marine bottom sediments are an active accumulator of contaminants which, when entering the marine area either independently or as a result of sorption on suspended particles of organic and mineral origin, gradually settle to the bottom. This makes them a potential source of secondary contamination of the water body. Excess of the maximum permissible concentrations for such indicators as easily oxidizing organics, phenols, petroleum products, and suspended substances in the bottom water horizon has been detected. Comparing the research results both in the bay head and at its outlet, it is necessary to note slight differences. The content of contaminating components in the tested biota samples has been found to correspond to the technical mariculture. An important parameter of the sustainable state landscape is not only the presence and diversity of biota, but also the concentration of major pollutants in it. Unstable dynamics of heavy metal concentration in hydrobiont tissues has been observed. It should be noted that the concentration of some pollutants, such as copper, chromium and cadmium, are slightly higher in biota living at the exit from the bay, than the one at the bay head. There is a change in the structure of landscape complexes: the control points are characterized by a high variety of benthos but decrease in the projective coverage by algae. The underwater landscape result analysis has showed that port facilities operating in the area under consideration have an impact on the environment corresponding to the production and technological process
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Tuffin, Richard, Martin Gibbs, David Roberts, Hamish Maxwell-Stewart, David Roe, Jody Steele, Susan Hood, and Barry Godfrey. "Landscapes of Production and Punishment: Convict labour in the Australian context." Journal of Social Archaeology 18, no. 1 (February 2018): 50–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605317748387.
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This paper presents an interdisciplinary project that uses archaeological and historical sources to explore the formation of a penal landscape in the Australian colonial context. The project focuses on the convict-period legacy of the Tasman Peninsula (Tasmania, Australia), in particular the former penal station of Port Arthur (1830–1877). The research utilises three exceptional data series to examine the impact of convict labour on landscape and the convict body: the archaeological record of the Tasman Peninsula, the life course data of the convicts and the administrative record generated by decades of convict labour management. Through these, the research seeks to demonstrate how changing ideologies affected the processes and outcomes of convict labour and its products, as well as how the landscapes we see today were formed and developed in response to a complex interplay of multi-scalar penological and economic influences. Areas of inquiry: Australian convict archaeology and history. The archaeology and history of Australian convict labour management. The archaeology and history of the Tasman Peninsula.
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Tuffin, Richard, and Martin Gibbs. "Repopulating Landscapes: Using Offence Data to Recreate Landscapes of Incarceration and Labour at the Port Arthur Penal Station, 1830–1877." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 13, no. 1-2 (October 2019): 155–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2019.0234.
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For over half-a-century (1803–54), the Australian colony of Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania), played a key part in Britain's globe-spanning unfree diaspora. Today, a rich built and archaeological landscape, augmented by an exhaustive and relatively intact documentary archive, stand as eloquent markers to this convict legacy. As historical archaeologists, we have spent countless hours querying the physical and documentary residues in a bid to understand how the penological, social and economic imperatives of Britain and the colony shaped the management of convict labour. In particular, our task has centred upon the recovery of individual narratives – of both gaoler and gaoled – from such residues, moving away from a traditional focus on the broader outlines of the convict system. This paper illustrates how spatial history methodological processes have been used to relocate individual historic lives back into the convict industrial landscape of the Tasman Peninsula (Tasmania). Focusing on the male-only penal station of Port Arthur (1830–77), we will illustrate how we have reunited the physicality of past spaces and places, with the lives and labours of those who created and navigated them. Simple methodologies have been used to achieve this, designed with onward applicability in mind. A complex series of documents, convict conduct records, have been mined for spatial markers, allowing events and people to be relocated back into space. Through these processes of linkage and visualisation, we have been encouraged to ask further questions about the management of the unfree labour force and how this came to create the landscape we see today.
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Weerts, Henk J. T. "Maasvlakte 2 (Port of Rotterdam), a showcase of interdisciplinary research of drowned landscapes." Quaternary International 279-280 (November 2012): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.08.1848.
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Roux, Naomi. "Double vision and suspended conversations: reconstituting landscapes of memory in Port Elizabeth, South Africa." Anthropology Southern Africa 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23323256.2019.1583065.
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Gordon, Jody. "Transforming Culture on an Insula Portunalis: Port Cities as Central Places in Early Roman Cyprus." Land 7, no. 4 (December 9, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land7040155.
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During the Early Roman period in the Mediterranean (ca. 30 BC–330 AD), the key central places that distinguished socio-political landscapes were towns. These urban centers functioned as economic and administrative focal points that were controlled by local elites who oversaw wealth redistribution and maintained a dialectical relationship with Rome that mutually benefitted both parties. Yet, beyond providing such rudimentary observations, central place theory has recently been revised to examine how local factors, such as a place’s long-term geography and history, intersect with globalizing ones to transform settlement hierarchies as well as economic, political, and cultural landscapes. This article’s goal is to explore such intersections through a study of how port towns functioned as central places that connected globalized imperial networks to localized provincial ones within island contexts. It examines a range of material culture including, ceramics, architecture, prestige goods, and coinage from ports in Early Roman Cyprus in order to investigate how the island’s integration into Roman networks created central places that altered existing settlement types, hierarchies, and thus, local identities. Overall, this study shows how the reanalysis of central places within their unique geohistorical contexts can shed new light on both regional and state-level processes of cultural change.
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Bawangun, Yongky W., Rignolda Djamaluddin, and Hermanto W. K. Manengkey. "IDENTIFICATION OF BEACH DEVELOPMENT ON THE NEAR MANADO PORT AND TONDANO RIVER." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 1, no. 1 (February 28, 2013): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.1.1.2013.1282.
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Coastal areas have been subjected to tourism activities, settlement and variousforms of industries. To support any development projects, coastal environment werereclaimed to be land, seaport and coastal protective constructions. Physically, coastconsists of several landscapes and one of them is in form of ‘beach’. In order to usecoastal environment properly and sustainably, there is a need for user to understand anyprocesses that work on the coast. Erosion is of importance problem in the coast, and thiscan be the reason for settlements and facilities destruction. The existence of jetty andnew land around the Manado Port has changed the hidrodynamic condition nearby. Thischange has facilitated the change in the sediment distribution near the mouth of TondanoRiver at certain level.
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Doonan, Owen. "Sinop Landscapes: Towards an Archaeology of Community in the Hinterland of a Black Sea Port." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 16, no. 1-2 (2010): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005711x560363.
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Abstract This paper discusses the evidence for economic and community integration on the Sinop promontory from the early first millennium BC through the middle of the first millennium AD based on the results of the Sinop Regional Archaeological Project. Results suggest that settlement and economy on the Sinop promontory were strongly affected by the broader condition of the Black Sea economy. Contrary to the sudden appearance of colonial sites dispersed over a relatively extensive territory seen in other important Pontic colonies (e.g. Olbia), evidence from Sinop suggests several centuries of disengagement followed by a progressive engagement between Greek and non-Greek communities following the extension of Persian influence in the eastern Pontus in the early fourth century. Infrastructural improvements under early Roman administration may not have been followed immediately by economic expansion, which seems to have taken off after the establishment of Constantinople.
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Utz, Gregor. "From Contrary to Complementary Models: Central Places and Gateways in the South-Eastern Provence (Arles and Marseille)." Land 7, no. 3 (August 13, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land7030095.
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This paper applies the concepts of gateways and centrality, formerly opposing approaches to spatial planning, by now a powerful merged tool for archaeologists, to understand the dynamics of the evolution of cities and settlements in a long-term perspective. The samples are the two main port cities in South-Eastern Provence (France), Marseille and Arles. By means of several archaeological markers it will be shown how natural landscapes and political control influenced the fate of the economic development of both cities in Greco-Roman times. Therefore, this study focuses on the aspects of trade and administration encompassing the functionality of the ports as trans-shipment centers, the impact of political interference as well as the supply and exchange of long distance and local/regional products. Within this research framework, Marseille emerged as a static gateway for its service area with a distinct perspective on Mediterranean trade. Arles, however, was the main gateway for the whole Rhône corridor in Roman times due to its strategic location in an area characterized by a variety of landscapes and the promotion of politics as a port of the annona. The data presented here aim to reject the frequently used narrative of an ongoing competition between Arles and Marseille in favor of a more nuanced picture of economic interactions and overlapping trading networks.
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Arya, Pradeep S., and Rajani M B. "Paleo-topographic Reconstruction of Cultural Landscapes using Remote Sensing and GIS: A case study of the ancient port of Tamralipti." Journal of Geomatics 16, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.58825/jog.2022.16.2.50.
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Human interaction with the landscape they inhabit leaves imprints that are largely inconspicuous on the ground. Yet, these remain the most thought provoking among the sets of clues available to us in fuelling the quest to understand our past. Spatial view provided by satellite imagery plays a pivotal part in enabling us to identify these imprints in the form of patterns. In this study, a paleo-environmental reconstruction of a particular cultural landscape using geo-spatial tools has been attempted. A range of historical documents (textual records such as traveller’s accounts dating to 5th and 7th centuries CE, maps of the Indian sub-continent published in the 18th and 19th centuries) and satellite imagery of the last 50 years (CORONA, Google Earth Digital Globe ) are used to identify and analyse the distribution of cultural sites that are hitherto unexplored to understand the impact of past changes to the landscape of these ancient sites located along one of the most dynamic regions of the Indian subcontinent: the Gangetic Delta. The identification of numerous sites of a distinct pattern and their distribution, analysed along with the morphological signature of the landscape on which they remain almost undetected has led to certain inferences on the possible location and extents of the ancient port of Tamralipti. The study also reveals the coastal and deltaic changes in the vicinity of the ancient port.
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Ang, Claudine. "Writing Landscapes into Civilization: Ming Loyalist Ambitions on the Mekong Delta." T’oung Pao 104, no. 5-6 (December 12, 2018): 626–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-10456p06.
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AbstractAfter the collapse of the Ming dynasty, a group of Ming loyalists settled in Hà Tiên (located on the Vietnamese side of the modern border between Cambodia and Vietnam) on the Mekong delta. On those frontier lands, they built a settlement around a port that maintained close connections with Guangdong and Fujian. This article examines an eighteenth-century literary project that took as its focus ten scenic sites in Hà Tiên. The poems were distributed via the coastal trading network to poets in Vietnam and the Chinese mainland, who composed matching poems and returned them with the next sailing season. These poetic compositions functioned as a medium through which the originator of the project rendered his domain civilized by giving pattern (wen 文) to Hà Tiên’s natural environment. Moreover, he encoded in them messages that urged dispersed Ming loyalists to make Hà Tiên their new capital. Close study of the ten original poems uncovers the motivations of a second-generation Ming loyalist, who composed landscape poetry to create a new home outside the Chinese mainland.
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Salzmann, Joshua A. T. "The Creative Destruction of the Chicago River Harbor: Spatial and Environmental Dimensions of Industrial Capitalism, 1881–1909." Enterprise & Society 13, no. 2 (June 2012): 235–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700011198.
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This essay examines the implications of rapid technological and economic change, or what economist Joseph Schumpeter called “creative destruction,” for the urban environment. Taking the Chicago River Harbor as a case study, it argues that industrial capitalism was marked by fundamental spatial and environmental contradictions that resulted in the frequent destruction and reinvention of urban landscapes. The essay shows how transformations in the Great Lakes shipping industry and the rise of the steel industry rendered Chicago River Harbor infrastructure obsolete. That obsolescence, in turn, sparked a public debate over whether the port should be retrofitted or if the river should be harnessed for different uses. So many stakeholders—streetcar companies, commuters, City Beautiful advocates, and sanitary engineers—had conflicting ideas about the use of the river that it was practically impossible to retrofit the port. The resulting decline of industrial freight traffic on the Chicago River enabled urban planner Daniel Burnham to reinvent the riverfront as a site of leisure and consumption.
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Song, Hyunsung, Minhyung Jung, Seoyul Hwang, Jiseok Kim, Donghun Kim, and Doo-Hyung Lee. "Survey of overwintering Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in ports of export and natural landscapes surrounding the ports in Republic of Korea." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 26, 2022): e0270532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270532.
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Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), an important agricultural and nuisance pest, is highly invasive with peculiar hiding behavior in human-made structures for overwintering. To evaluate the contamination risk of overwintering H. halys in non-agricultural export goods, we conducted a two-year field survey in Republic of Korea to locate overwintering H. halys in two major ports of export, Ulsan and Pyeongtaek ports, and monitored both active and overwintering H. halys population levels with varying distances from the ports ranging from 1 km to 48 km. First, we deployed wooden shelters in the two ports to catch dispersing H. halys for overwintering and conducted visual inspections for human-made structures in the ports to locate overwintering H. halys. In addition, we sampled dead trees to find overwintering H. halys in wooded areas. Second, we monitored active H. halys populations using pheromone traps with varying distances from the ports. From the survey of overwintering populations, no H. halys was collected from wooden shelters deployed in the two ports. However, we found four adults overwintering in human-made structures in Pyeongtaek port in the first year of survey. One dead adult was also found from a dead tree located in a wooded area adjacent to Pyeongtaek port in the second year. For active populations, results of pheromone trapping indicated that H. halys populations were present during autumn dispersal period not only in agricultural areas, but also in wooded areas adjacent to the two ports. This study reports for the first time that overwintering H. halys were found from the inside the port of export in its native areas with a low density. The results were discussed for evaluating contamination risk of overwintering H. halys in export goods shipping from the Republic of Korea.
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Evseev, Alexandr, Tatiana Krasovskaya, and Vladimir Tikunov. "Regulation of ecosystem services exploitation for potential competing stakenholders in Indiga advanced development region." Proceedings of the International conference “InterCarto/InterGIS” 25, no. 1 (July 23, 2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2019-1-25-18-22.
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Landscape ecological studies supply valuable data for advanced nature management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The recently adopted State program for advanced economic development of this zone outlined eight regions for such activities. Our study area Indiga belongs to Nenets advanced economic development region. Its landscapes are presented by rolling and hilly plains at the coast of the Barents Sea. Different tundra types are the most typical vegetation cover, but forest-tundra and even northern taiga are also met. Nowadays Indiga is a small settlement in the mouth of the Indiga river which according to the State program will give rise to a new sea port belonging to the Northern Sea Route infrastructure, railway terminal construction. Dominating nowadays traditional nature management will be completed by transport and residential promoting nature management conflicts emerging from joint exploitation of several ecosystem services by different stakeholders. Such conflicts need elaboration of regulation system. Such regulation is of primary importance for ecosystems with low resilience to technogenic impact which may destroy natural processes of ecosystem services pools reproduction. We present a case study demonstrating the procedure of revealing and mapping of ecosystem services using a landscape map. This is the first step for quoting of ecosystem services exploitation.
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Grupa, Fokus. "A Room with a landscape: Vedute from the Palace of the Privileged Company of Trieste and Rijeka." ARTMargins 10, no. 1 (February 2021): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00287.
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Abstract In the oldest Austro-Hungarian sugar refinement plant opened in mid 18thcentury in Rijeka, today Croatia, a series of “idealized” landscapes pained by unknown artisans include depictions of slaves. The so-called Vedute ideate are a rare depiction of the racialized slave labor in the Austro-Hungarian Empire that points to the invisible labor, which enabled industrial production of sugar and made visible the relation of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, together with the peripheral port town of Rijeka, to the global flow of capital and the history of colonialism. By drawing on Catherine Baker’s recently published “Race in Yugoslavia” we look at how representation of slavery did not receive critical assessment while the resentment for the racialization across ethnic lines, in relation to Europe proper where the inhabitants ex-Yugoslavia are themselves racialized as the European other, perseveres. With the repurposing of the industrial building in the framework of European Capital of Culture project, Rijeka 2020 – Port of Diversity, the Vedute ideate will be publicly displayed as part of the Museum of the City of Rijeka display but it is uncertain whether the museum will recognize colonialism as a constituent part of Rijeka’s industrialization and development.
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Kugusheva, Alexandra Yu. "Saved art: Simferopol Art Gallery in evacuation (1941–1944)." Issues of Museology 13, no. 1 (2022): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2022.104.
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The article is devoted to the evacuation of Crimean museum collections in October, 1941. The fate of the lost pre-war collection of the Simferopol Art Gallery, which did not have time to leave the Crimea and was destroyed by fire in Kerch port, is well known. At the same time, a temporary exhibition made up of the works of the Simferopol Gallery was evacuated from Feodosiya Art Gallery along with the masterpieces of the great marine painter Ivan Aivazovsky. Prominent museum figures Nikolay S.Barsamov and Jan P.Birzgal managed to send the exhibits to Novorossiysk, then to Krasnodar. Contrary to the plans of the Committee for the Arts to take these exhibits to Stalingrad, both Crimean galleries were sent to Yerevan. At the end of 1941, Birzgal compiled a list of 50 salvaged exhibits of the Simferopol Art Gallery. Soviet art of the 1920s–1930s is represented by the works of Igor E.Grabar, Mitrofan B.Grekov, Vladimir A.Eyfert, Peter P.Konchalovsky. The Russian landscape is represented by Vasiliy V.Baksheev, Pavel A.Radimov, Vasiliy V.Rozhdestvensky. From creative trips to Central Asia, Altai and Pamir, new works are brought by Peter I.Kotov and Peter N.Staronosov, Nikolay G.Kotov, Peter D.Pokarzhevsky, Sergei I.Pichugin. The work of Barsamov, the author of the portrait of the artist Bogaevsky (1940), is connected with Crimea. Among the rescued works are the works of Konstantin F.Bogaevsky himself, several of his industrial landscapes, and sketches for the panel Crimea (1921); Bakhchisarai landscapes by Alexander V.Kuprin, Sudak view by Alexander F.Gaush. In the postwar period, the museum workers established the affiliation of works by Ilya E.Repin, Joseph I.Oleshkevich, and Henri-Francois Riesener to the pre-war collection.
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Davies, Kate. "Field operations: necessary transgressions." Architectural Research Quarterly 19, no. 3 (September 2015): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135516000087.
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Standing on the bridge of an enormous container ship, watching Hong Kong harbour emerge blinking out of a South China Sea pregnant with ships and into the radar screen dawn as we approach nearby Chinese port of Yantian … barrelling along a dirt road tracing oil pipes through the Ecuadorean Amazon atop the roof rack of a minivan, the gas flares of oil refineries visible over jungle canopy … passing a bar of solid metal more valuable than a London house and less useful than a brick between eager hands in the Gold Room of an Australian Outback mine … Standing in a chilled and humming room with the supercomputer ‘Pac-man’ as it crunches climate change data … Feeling the bass wave rumble from a rocket launch at a space city in the Kazakh Steppe … Breathless at 5,000m as a radio array turns gracefully to face the beginnings of the universe … We are in the field. These are sites built from stories. Unfamiliar landscapes forged from familiar wants and needs. They are landscapes and infrastructures as cultural artefacts. Each ripe with its own absurdities and contradictions, and each born of a critical mass of habits, beliefs, and desires.
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Rylskiy, Ilya, Anna Kozhukhar, and Anna Terskaia. "Creating virtual models for designing port complexes based on lidar data." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 1 (2022): 540–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-540-555.
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The design of port complexes is a process that requires considering geographical and economic features of the territory. It is necessary to aggregate the characteristics of coastal landscapes, seascapes, artificial elements, dangerous objects, etc. The experience of implementing such projects (for example, in Sabetta) suggests that all participants in the design process need highly precise geographical information to optimize the location of coastal facilities, infrastructure solutions, power supply lines, water conduits, product pipelines, and related structures. As for now, the best method of geoinformation support of such projects is LIDAR (with simultaneous nadir and perspective aerial surveys). In the future, these materials, combined with space-based remote sensing data on the surrounding areas, would be used for creating virtual models with tools adapted for users with an average and low-level GIS data experience. Nowadays geoinformation systems have a number of disadvantages. First and foremost, it is difficult for non-specialists to master them. Full-featured GIS packages are expensive and cannot be used by a significant number of specialists, dispersed over various settlements only using high-speed internet connections (designing port complexes requires the efforts of heterogeneous specialists living in different cities and working in different industries). The approach proposed in this paper allows to solve this problem without using GIS packages. We consider it possible to use virtual environments that are closed from editing and access to the source data. An area of 2400 km² in the territory of Kamchatka Peninsula near Bechevinka Bay was chosen as a test site. The resulting virtual model of the territory of the future port complex is a convenient tool for increasing the spatial awareness of users, closed from unauthorized access. The work has successfully achieved the functionality and usability of this model on conventional computers, combined with the high spatial accuracy of the model.
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Rylskiy, Ilya, Anna Kozhukhar, and Anna Terskaia. "Creating virtual models for designing port complexes based on lidar data." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 1 (2022): 540–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-540-555.
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The design of port complexes is a process that requires considering geographical and economic features of the territory. It is necessary to aggregate the characteristics of coastal landscapes, seascapes, artificial elements, dangerous objects, etc. The experience of implementing such projects (for example, in Sabetta) suggests that all participants in the design process need highly precise geographical information to optimize the location of coastal facilities, infrastructure solutions, power supply lines, water conduits, product pipelines, and related structures. As for now, the best method of geoinformation support of such projects is LIDAR (with simultaneous nadir and perspective aerial surveys). In the future, these materials, combined with space-based remote sensing data on the surrounding areas, would be used for creating virtual models with tools adapted for users with an average and low-level GIS data experience. Nowadays geoinformation systems have a number of disadvantages. First and foremost, it is difficult for non-specialists to master them. Full-featured GIS packages are expensive and cannot be used by a significant number of specialists, dispersed over various settlements only using high-speed internet connections (designing port complexes requires the efforts of heterogeneous specialists living in different cities and working in different industries). The approach proposed in this paper allows to solve this problem without using GIS packages. We consider it possible to use virtual environments that are closed from editing and access to the source data. An area of 2400 km² in the territory of Kamchatka Peninsula near Bechevinka Bay was chosen as a test site. The resulting virtual model of the territory of the future port complex is a convenient tool for increasing the spatial awareness of users, closed from unauthorized access. The work has successfully achieved the functionality and usability of this model on conventional computers, combined with the high spatial accuracy of the model.
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Khalil, Syed, and Richard Raynie. "CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION OF A SINKING DELTA PLAIN." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.26.
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Coastal erosion is a major global problem and is most acutely felt along developed coastal areas where coastal communities and infrastructures are threatened by storm surge flooding. This situation gets compounded to a bigger challenge around most of delta plains which are rapidly subsiding. The degree and magnitude of challenges associated with erosion and submergence along muddy deltaic coasts is intricately related to population density. It is estimated that about 500 million people in the world live on river deltas (Syvitski et al., 2009). Coastal populations and their associated industries/economies (oil & gas, fisheries, port and commerce etc.) are thus threatened by rapid degradation of the deltaic landscapes. This situation is further complicated by sea level rise and high-energy events such as hurricanes (cyclones, typhoons).
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Lu, Li-Ru. "Multispecies Ethnography: Life Writing of Marine Animals in Cuthbert Collingwood." Southeast Asian Review of English 59, no. 2 (January 2, 2023): 152–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sare.vol59no2.21.
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Prior to the mid-nineteenth century, Formosa (now Taiwan) was little known to European and American travelers. To explore this terra incognita, plenty of Western explorers, navy investigators, merchants, and naturalist scientists visited Formosa after the opening of Ta-kau Port and Keelung Port for trade in 1860. These travellers made observations and documented the unknown landscapes and species in Formosa and its neighbouring islands. Mostly written in the form of travel journals and natural histories, the works of these Western visitors are pioneering multispecies ethnographies that delineate nineteenth-century Formosa’s flora, birds, land animals and marine animals. This essay focuses on the life accounts and natural histories of an English traveller in this period — Cuthbert Collingwood (1826-1908). It explores the ways Collingwood’s Rambles of a Naturalist on the Shores and Waters of the China Sea represents Formosan marine animals and their habitats. It addresses the following questions: How did Collingwood introduce his readers to understanding marine animals in mid-nineteenth-century Formosa and how did he report his scientific observations on the lives of Formosa’s oceanic species? Did Collingwood evince his appreciation for marine species or express an environmentalist tone? How might Collingwood’s delineation of Formosa’s marine animals reveal an environmental consciousness and proto-ecological sensibilities?
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Tuffin, Richard, and Martin Gibbs. "The Archaeology of the Convict Probation System: The Labor Landscapes of Port Arthur and the Cascades Probation Station, 1839–55." International Journal of Historical Archaeology 24, no. 3 (January 20, 2020): 589–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10761-019-00523-w.
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Aalders, Johannes Theodor, Anne Moraa, Naddya Adhiambo Oluoch-Olunya, and Daniel Muli. "Drawing together: making marginal futures visible through collaborative comic creation (CCC)." Geographica Helvetica 75, no. 4 (December 2, 2020): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-415-2020.
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Abstract. The article introduces collaborative comic creation (CCC) as a methodological tool. The central question it addresses is how marginalised imaginations of futures can be made visible in the context of the planned Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia-Transport (LAPSSET) in Kenya. The question assumes that infrastructure projects such as the LAPSSET corridor inscribe not only particular ways of moving into a landscape but also one specific temporality that marginalises other future-making practices. The paper participates in the ongoing debate about how imagined futures and future-making practices can be appreciated and analysed methodologically. It thus contributes to the literature on geographies of the future by drawing together conceptual insights from anthropology, infrastructure studies, and critical cartography. Based on these different approaches, the paper proposes to regard future-making practices not only in relation to contentious timelines but also in terms of lines made by moving and drawing on landscapes and surfaces. Using a review of existing social foresight methods as a basis, we describe the practical implementation of CCC. Subsequently, the analysis of one collaboratively produced comic illustrates how the method can help to visualise ambivalent and uncertain imaginations of different futures that oppose the unitary vision of modernity produced by dominant infrastructural visions of a single future. We conclude by reflecting on possible ways of developing the method further.
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Cervantes-Rosas, Omar, Julieta Hernández-López, Gerardo Manuel Verduzco-Zapata, Alfredo Pérez-Morales, Patricia García-Villalvazo, Sonia Isabel Quijano-Scheggia, and Aramis Olivos-Ortiz. "Citizen Science Contributions to the Conservation of Sea Turtles Facing Port City and Land Use Stressors in the Mexican Central Pacific." Coasts 2, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coasts2010003.
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The unplanned development of a port city generates urban growth in its coastal zone that stresses the local biotic and abiotic resources, affecting the nesting beach areas of sea turtles. This work evaluated the impact of social collaboration on sea turtle conservation in response to coastal rigidization. Over the past twenty years, the Manzanillo Port (Colima), located in the Mexican Central Pacific, underwent vigorous development and urbanization. This growth has produced stressors including increasing levels of marine noise pollution due to the transit of merchant ships, the decrease in 4.3 ha in beach areas, and increased light pollution, which likely reduced the number of turtles that reached the nesting stage. Despite the above, the number of turtle nests has increased thanks to social collaboration through protection actions, education programs, and the participation of volunteers along with public and private organizations supported by the media and social networks. These actions are part of citizen science and contribute to the balance between urban development and the protection of sea turtles, reducing environmental vulnerability in the coastal zone. This success story can be reproduced in coastal cities for other wildlife species to achieve a social-ecological benefit through advocacy projects that involve the empowerment of local inhabitants and the appropriation of their landscapes and natural elements. These projects will contribute to alleviating the effects of coastal rigidization in the face of future challenges that will require solutions to different environmental aspects of imminent climate change.
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Knott, Tiffany, Daniel Lunney, Dionne Coburn, and John Callaghan. "An ecological history of Koala habitat in Port Stephens Shire and the Lower Hunter on the Central Coast of New South Wales, 1801-1998." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 4 (1998): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980354.
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This paper describes the vegetation of Port Stephens Shire and environs at the time of European settlement, defines the sequence of vegetation clearance since that time, and estimates the extent to which the pre-European vegetation represented Koala habitat. A study of historical records, newspapers, documents and reports was undertaken in conjunction with interviews with long-standing Port Stephens residents. The historical records show that Koalas were widespread and common during early settlement. Reconstruction of the original vegetation was based on descriptions by early explorers and settlers from the early 1800s, when settlement commenced. Most of the land on either side of the Hunter River was vegetated by Shrubby Tall Open Forest intermingling with either Open Swamp Forest, or VineFern Closed Forest, or cedar brush. The first area to be settled was the alluvial land on the banks of the rivers where the soil was fertile and well watered. Settlement proceeded rapidly in the western part of the Shire from the early 1800s, concentrating on the Lower Hunter and Williams Rivers, but not progressing to the east until much later (mid to late 1800s). The historical record was sufficiently detailed to allow reconstruction of Koala habitat distribution at the time of settlement. Ecological history is now emerging as a discipline that has far more than curiosity value. It can provide the essential framework for conserving and restoring those landscapes exploited in the first century of European settlement.
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Brichet, Nathalia. "A Postcolonial Dilemma Tale from the Harbour of St. Thomas in the US Virgin Islands." Itinerario 43, no. 02 (August 2019): 348–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115319000305.
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AbstractThe port of Charlotte Amalie on St. Thomas has long been a vibrant centre for ship trafficking in the Caribbean, as it was during Danish colonial rule starting in 1672. In 1917, Denmark officially sold and left what became the US Virgin Islands. Not everybody left, though. The Danish-owned West Indian Company, which owned the majority of the St. Thomas port and its attendant facilities, stayed until 1993. At that point the harbour was sold to the Virgin Islanders, who for some time had complained about the fact that a Danish company still profited from the islands. The harbour of Charlotte Amalie, which is my central analytical unit here, thus provides a lens through which to approach Danish colonial imprints.The harbour is and has been characterised by activities of a temporary and opportunistic kind: industries blossom, people and crops from far away get uprooted and replanted in the Caribbean, businesses provide work for locals, goods are shipped out to be consumed in other places. The transitory nature of projects designed by people elsewhere, I argue, is part of what colonialism is. As I will show, the traces of such projects appear not only as particular ecologies but also as dilemmas to be grappled with long after the foreign decision-makers have left. My approach to colonial legacies on the Virgin Islands, then, mobilises the shifting flows of people, commodities, and interests shipped in and out of Charlotte Amalie to leave behind altered landscapes that are continuously debated.
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Liu, Yongchao, Yongxue Liu, Jialin Li, Wanyun Lu, Xianglin Wei, and Chao Sun. "Evolution of Landscape Ecological Risk at the Optimal Scale: A Case Study of the Open Coastal Wetlands in Jiangsu, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8 (August 8, 2018): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081691.
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Detailed analysis of the evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk is crucial for coastal sustainable management and for understanding the potential environmental impacts of a man-made landform landscapes (MMLL). As a typical open coastal wetland, large-scale human activities (e.g., tidal reclamation, fishery activities, wind farm construction, and port construction) have substantially affected the evolution of the coastal ecological environment. Previous landscape ecological risk assessment studies have documented the effectiveness of assessing the quality of ecological environment processes. However, these studies have either focused on the noncoastal zone, or they have not considered the evolution of the spatial characteristics and ecological risk evolution of the landscape at an optimal scale. Here, we present a landscape ecological risk pattern (LERP) evolution model, based on two successive steps: first, we constructed an optimal scale method with an appropriate extent and grain using multi–temporal Landsat TM/OLI images acquired in the years 2000, 2004, 2008, 2013 and 2017, and then we calculated landscape ecological risk indices. Based on this model, the entire process of the spatiotemporal evolution of ecological risk patterns of the open coastal wetlands in Jiangsu, China, was determined. The principal findings are as follows: (1) The main landscape types in the study area are tidal flats and farmland, and the main features of the landscape evolution are a significant increase in aquafarming and a substantial decrease in the tidal flat area, while the landscape heterogeneity increased; (2) In the past 20 years, the areas of low and relatively low ecological risk in the study region were greatly reduced, while the areas of medium, relatively high, and high ecological risk greatly increased; the areas of high-grade ecological risk areas are mainly around Dongtai and Dafeng; (3) The area of ecological risk from low-grade to high-grade occupied 71.75% of the study area during 2000–2017. During the previous periods (2000–2004 and 2004–2008), the areas of low-grade ecological risk were transformed to areas of middle-grade ecological risk area, while during the later periods (2008–2013 and 2013–2017) there was a substantial increase in the proportion of areas of high-grade ecological risk. Our results complement the official database of coastal landscape planning, and provide important information for assessing the potential effects of MMLL processes on coastal environments.
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BELLUZZO, ANA MARIA. "The Traveller and the Brazilian Landscape." Portuguese Studies 23, no. 1 (2007): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/port.2007.0021.
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Hebda, Richard J., Olav B. Lian, and Stephen R. Hicock. "Olympia Interstadial: vegetation, landscape history, and paleoclimatic implications of a mid-Wisconsinan (MIS3) nonglacial sequence from southwest British Columbia, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 3 (March 2016): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0122.
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Lithostratigraphic, 14C, and palynologic analyses of peat and silty peat at three nearby sites reveal a 25 000 year vegetation and climate history of the Olympia Interstade for the Fraser Lowland, British Columbia, 300 km within the southern limit of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. At Lynn Valley, Polypodiaceae fern spores and nonarboreal pollen dominate >47.8 14C ka BP, reflecting unstable and cold landscapes. A Pinus–Poaceae zone follows, representing pine parkland and cool dry climate. Fluctuating values of Picea and Tsuga mertensiana pollen at Lynn and Seymour valleys and Port Moody characterize most of the Olympia Interstade during local peat deposition in Cyperaceae and Myrica wetlands until about 26.7 14C ka BP under a cool and moist climate. A brief Pinus – Tsuga heterophylla zone at Lynn Valley 44–39 14C ka BP suggests a climatic optimum. A Poaceae–Artemisia assemblage and deposition of silty sand after 26.7 14C ka BP reflect cooling and drying after which a unique Lycopodium assemblage at Lynn Valley suggests cold arid climate and Fraser Glaciation onset. These sequences have no progression to vegetation typical of warm, interglacial, Holocene-like climates, indicating an interstadial not an interglacial interval. Correlation with vegetation changes elsewhere in western North America suggests that the Olympia Interstade started about ∼52 14C ka BP (∼57 cal ka BP) and ended about 26 14C ka BP (30 cal ka BP).
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Chung, Stephanie Po-yin. "Floating in Mud to Reach the Skies: Victor Sassoon and the Real Estate Boom in Shanghai, 1920s–1930s." International Journal of Asian Studies 16, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591418000335.
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AbstractThe historical waterfront of Shanghai known as the Bund, one of the most impressive architectural landscapes in Asia, was described in the 1930s inFortunemagazine as having “the tallest buildings outside the American continent; the biggest hoard of silver in the world” and being “the cradle of new China”.1At a time when the US economy was in ruins and much of China was besieged by civil war, Shanghai's foreign concessions provided a safe haven for Chinese and foreign investors. With the influx of hot money, Shanghai experienced an unprecedented building boom. Notable among these real estate developers was Sir Ellice Victor Elias Sassoon (1881–1961, hereafter Victor Sassoon) who transferred much of his wealth from India to Shanghai and then transformed the Shanghai skyline. Inspired by American skyscrapers, Sassoon decided to build the first skyscraper in Shanghai, which would also be the first in the Eastern hemisphere, even though Shanghai's muddy ground had never supported a building of that height before. This article documents how the evolution of treaty port architecture in China owed much to Victor Sassoon. Its innovations – from the advent of skyscrapers, with their Art Deco style and mixed-use function, to the engineering methods and financial arrangements that built them – bore Sassoon's stamp. As will be seen, Sassoon's experiment paid off handsomely.
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TAYLOR, BENEDICT. "OTHER REVIEWS - The Old Country: Australian landscapes, plants and people. By George Seddon. Port Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Pp. xvii+270. ISBN 0-521-69686-0. £19.99." Historical Journal 51, no. 2 (June 2008): 572–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x08006900.
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Vos, Peter C., Frans P. M. Bunnik, Kim M. Cohen, and Holger Cremer. "A staged geogenetic approach to underwater archaeological prospection in the Port of Rotterdam (Yangtzehaven, Maasvlakte, The Netherlands): A geological and palaeoenvironmental case study for local mapping of Mesolithic lowland landscapes." Quaternary International 367 (May 2015): 4–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.056.
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Calegaro-Marques, Cláudia, and Suzana B. Amato. "Helminths of introduced house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Brazil: does population age affect parasite richness?" Iheringia. Série Zoologia 100, no. 1 (March 30, 2010): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212010000100010.
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Species introductions have altered host and parasite diversity throughout the world. In the case of introduced hosts, population age appears to be a good predictor of parasite richness. Habitat alteration is another variable that may impact host-parasite interactions by affecting the availability of intermediate hosts. The house sparrow (Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)) is a good model to test these predictions. It was introduced in several parts of the world and can be found across rural-urban gradients. A total of 160 house sparrows from Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were necropsied. Thirty house sparrows (19 %) were parasitized with at least one out of five helminth species (Digenea: Tamerlania inopina Freitas, 1951 and Eumegacetes sp.; Eucestoda: Choanotaenia passerina (Fuhrmann, 1907) Fuhrmann, 1932; Nematoda: Dispharynx nasuta (Rudolphi, 1819) Stiles & Hassall, 1920 and Cardiofilaria pavlovskyi Strom, 1937). Overall, there was no difference in prevalence and intensity of infection of any parasite species, parasite richness and community diversity between adult males and females and adults and juveniles. The number of infected sparrows among seasons, the richness of helminths and the abundance of species were also similar between rural and urban landscapes. Only the prevalence of C. passerina varied seasonally (p=0.0007). A decrease in the number of parasite species from the original range of P. domesticus (13) to its port of entrance in Brazil, the city of Rio de Janeiro (nine), to Porto Alegre (five) is compatible with the hypothesis that host population age is a good predictor of parasite richness.
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El Kalla, Mohamed, Damir Zec, and Alen Jugović. "Container ports competition in light of contemporary liner shipping market dynamics." Pomorstvo 31, no. 2 (December 22, 2017): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.31.2.7.
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Since the development of containers and Intermodalism in the late 1960’s, containerization is constantly growing and penetrating almost all seaborne trade sectors, as by 2016 nearly1.7 billion tons were transported by container [8]. Moreover, Container ports play an important role as nodes in the supply chain and focal points for containerized cargo as they complement and add value to the shipping lines and shippers’ objectives. Moreover, competition among container ports is taking place at all levels regionally, nationally and internally. In the same context, shipping lines are competing vigorously and increasing their fleets in both size and number of vessels, resulting in excess market supply. Recently, shipping lines are consolidating rapidly by means of vertical and horizontal integration through mergers, acquisitions and forming alliances to cool down competition and backup each other as well as escape bankruptcy. This policy increased the market concentration and shipping lines bargaining power and exposed container ports to more competitive environment as well. The key point put forward in this paper is that the competitive battle among container ports will increasingly be fought with the presence of recent shipping lines market concentration. This paper illustrates the contemporary dynamics in the container shipping market. In that respect, the paper is divided into three main sections. The first one presents the port competition conceptual definition, types and landscapes. The second one outlines the analyses of the existing carriers’ contemporary market dynamics. Finally, discusses the possible outcomes of different development policies of shipping companies, and how they affect ports’ effectiveness and competitiveness.
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Hague, Emily L., Nick McCaffrey, Rachel Shucksmith, and Lauren McWhinnie. "Predation in the Anthropocene: Harbour Seal (Phoca vitulina) Utilising Aquaculture Infrastructure as Refuge to Evade Foraging Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)." Aquatic Mammals 48, no. 4 (July 15, 2022): 380–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.48.4.2022.380.
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The rapid emergence of new marine developments (e.g., marine renewables, port infrastructure) alongside the substantial growth of existing industries has ultimately resulted in an unprecedented increase in anthropogenic structures within the marine environment over the previous century. Knowledge of whether marine species interact with, avoid, or accommodate and adapt to such structures is essential to ensure that further development of marine environments do not compromise conservation objectives of marine species. This article documents one such interaction. Herein, we describe the observation of a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) seeking refuge from a group of foraging killer whales (Orcinus orca) within a blue (aka common) mussel (Mytilus edulis) farm. Aerial video footage (38 min 27 s) was collected using an unmanned aerial system during an encounter at an aquaculture site in Gulberwick Bay, Shetland, UK. Analysis of the footage showed the killer whale group spent 73.7% of the total encounter time exhibiting predatory associated behaviours and that they were observed interacting with the mussel farm infrastructure only during “predation activity” for a total of 26 min 52 s (72.8%). The harbour seal interacted with the mussel farm infrastructure during re- and proactive anti-predator behaviour and when exhibiting fatigue for 27 min 59 s, 94.4% of the total time the seal was observed. It is clear that both marine and terrestrial predator–prey interactions are increasingly occurring in settings that are in some way defined by the Anthropocene. The implications of this are discussed, including potential entanglement risk and human-altered “landscapes of fear.” As comprehension of the potential effects of human-altered risk grows, such knowledge should be taken into consideration prior to further modification of marine habitats.
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Morante-Carballo, Fernando, Bethy Merchán-Sanmartín, Allen Cárdenas-Cruz, Maria Jaya-Montalvo, Josep Mata-Perelló, Gricelda Herrera-Franco, and Paúl Carrión-Mero. "Sites of Geological Interest Assessment for Geoeducation Strategies, ESPOL University Campus, Guayaquil, Ecuador." Land 11, no. 6 (May 24, 2022): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060771.
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The development of geoeducation generates a link between people, landscapes, and their culture by recognising the geological potential around geosites and their conservation. Geosites have important scientific value and constitute a way of generating learning tools for the development of geoeducation. The city of Guayaquil, the main port of Ecuador, has a valuable geological and mining heritage, which has been affected by population growth and its invasion of protected areas, causing the displacement of animal species to the point of possible extinction. The research aims to assess geosites in the surroundings of the Gustavo Galindo campus, using the Spanish Inventory of Sites of Geological Interest (IELIG, Spanish acronym) methodology to promote geo-education in the context of sustainability. The methodological process includes (i) the inventory and initial selection of Sites of Geological Interest (SGI) based on interviews with experts and the analysis of primary data from potential sites; (ii) characterisation and semi-quantitative geosites assessment using the IELIG methodology; and (iii) qualitative assessment through SWOT analysis to formulate geotourism and geoeducation development strategies. This research emphasises the importance of promoting geological heritage in an urban area. It shows geotourism attractions represented by five SGI grouped into two types: geomorphological and petrological. In general, the SGI are in the “High” category of the degree of geological interest, ranging from 170 to 236.67. In addition, the study identified the lack of a geological culture and natural values of the university campus. It allowed the proposal of protection strategies (e.g., a geoconservation plan ensuring that the number of visitors does not exceed the maximum load capacity), geoscientific dissemination (e.g., creating games, museums, itineraries, launching geoeducational souvenirs, or developing educational content using augmented reality) and a detailed research based on evaluating sites for sustainable development.
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Brandolini, Pierluigi, Chiara Cappadonia, Gian Marco Luberti, Carlo Donadio, Leonidas Stamatopoulos, Cipriano Di Maggio, Francesco Faccini, et al. "Geomorphology of the Anthropocene in Mediterranean urban areas." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 44, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 461–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133319881108.
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Urban-geomorphology studies in historical cities provide a significant contribution towards the broad definition of the Anthropocene, perhaps even including its consideration as a new unit of geological time. Specific methodological approaches to recognize and map landforms in urban environments, where human-induced geomorphic processes have often overcome the natural ones, are proposed. This paper reports the results from, and comparison of, studies conducted in coastal historical cities facing the core of the Mediterranean Sea – that is, Genoa, Rome, Naples, Palermo (Italy) and Patras (Greece). Their settlements were facilitated by similar climatic and geographical contexts, with high grounds functional for defence, as well as by the availability of rocks useful as construction materials, which were excavated both in opencast and underground quarries. Over centuries, urbanization has also required the levelling of relief, which was performed by the excavation of heights, filling of depressions and by slope terracing. Consequently, highly modified hydrographic networks, whose streams were dammed, diverted, modified in a culvert or simply buried, characterize the selected cities. Their urban growth, which has been driven by maritime commercial activities, has determined anthropogenic coastal progradation through port and defence or waterfront works. Aggradation of artificial ground has also occurred as a consequence of repeated destruction because of both human and natural events, and subsequent reconstruction even over ruins, buried depressions and shallow cavities. As a result, the selected cities represent anthropogenic landscapes that have been predominately shaped by several human-driven processes, sometimes over centuries. Each landform represents the current result, often from multiple activities with opposing geomorphic effects. Beyond academic progress, we believe that detecting and mapping these landforms and processes should be compulsory, even in risk-assessment urban planning, because of the increase of both hazards and vulnerability as a result of climate-change-induced extreme events and extensive urbanization, respectively.
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Есмагулова, Bayan Esmagulova, Кошелева, Olga Kosheleva, Мушаева, and Kermen Mushaeva. "Remote monitoring of land in western Kazakhstan." Forestry Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11261.
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The article presents the results of the environmental assessment of land in Western Ka-zakhstan, held by decoding high resolution satellite images. The object of investigation is Bokey Orda District of West Kazakhstan region. Decryption is performed by space images QuickBird 2013 1:50 000. Application of space images helped to define the boundaries of the main categories of agricultural land (arable land, grassland, sandy tracts, etc.), set the location of settlements, trans-port infrastructure, as well as to identify the main elements of the hydrographic network (rivers, lakes, estuaries, sors) and mesorelief (sandy hillocks, hill reduction, etc.). It was found that 48.4 % of the Bokey Orda District territory is occupied by agricultural land, 40.7 % - sandy massifs, 10.8 % of the land area are various negative mesorelief – saline depression, estuaries, bitter-salty lakes. The data on land grounds allowed assessing the ecological status of the territory at a rate of anthropo-genic stress that for lands of Bokey Orda District is 3.3 points, which corresponds to the ecological crisis. The current crisis situation is caused by overgrazing and plowing of virgin lands and is cha-racterized by strong decrease in productivity and loss of stability. Selective economic use and plan-ning of deep land improvement is suggeted. An acute need to implement large-scale sand-control works, restoration of degraded pastures and unproductive lands transfer in adaptive forest agricul-tural landscapes is established. The data on volumes of forest reclamation works to secure the shift-ing sands, held in Bokey Orda District in the period from 2011 to 2013, are presented. It is recom-mended to organize of environmental monitoring using remote sensing data, which will allow timely identification of areas, subjected to degradation processes, and to take appropriate measures to eliminate pockets of desertification in the initial stage.
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Xie, Ou, and Yuan Sheng Tu. "An Preliminary Study on Landscape Design of the Port of Huangshi City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.611.
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As the rendezvous and hinges of land and water transportation, port is the distributing center of industrial and agricultural products and imports and exports materials; it is an interactive connection point between inland and outside worlds, an interactive space between people and commodities; it is also an important area for promoting the connection between inland and the outside world. This article mainly explores the necessity of developing the landscape of the port of Huangshi, and discusses the difference between old and new landscape design of Huangshsi wharfs, to clarify the importance of integrated human and nature landscape. Port landscape is regarded as urban public landscape, which eventually promotes the infrastructure development of "Central Triangle" cities.
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Dedulina, E. A., P. Yu Vasilevskiy, and S. P. Pozdniakov. "Sensitivity of recharge estimation to the pore connectivity parameter of vadose zone rocks." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2020-1-81-87.
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Information on recharge value is necessary for solving different classes of hydrogeological problems. One of the methods of recharge estimation is simulation of flow in vadose zone. Soil hydraulic parameters are used to estimate recharge by flow in vadose zone. One of the hydraulic parameters is the pore connectivity parameter l. The sensitivity of estimated recharge to the value of pore connectivity parameter, especially under humid climate conditions, is studied insufficiently. In present study, the experimental values of soil hydraulic parameters of samples from two different sites with various landscape conditions and vadose zone structure (forest landscape on sand and field landscape on loam) were used to estimate recharge.Recharge estimation was also carried for the value of l=0,5 and for reported values of l parameter for certain type of sediment. Analysis of calculation results demonstrated that using fixed value of l=0,5 leads to significant overestimation of calculated recharge both for forest and filed landscapes, which emphasizes the importance of experimental definitions of soil hydraulic parameters for recharge estimation. The analysis of the water balance components showed that the increase of estimated recharge with enhancement of l value is mainly associatedwith the decrease of evaporation from the upper soil layer.