Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Port Landscapes'
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1
Mueller-Heubach, Oliver Maximilian. "Boat-Wrights in a Port of Black Diamonds: Waterfront Landscapes of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal's Cumberland, Maryland Terminus." W&M ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626512.
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Satherley, Shannon D. "Identifying landscape meanings: Images and interactions at Gas Works Park." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/92512/1/Shannon_Satherley_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis contributes a substantial new theoretical understanding of what 'landscape meanings' are, and what constitutes the specific meanings of particular landscapes to individuals. Further, it proposes how landscape architects may identify these meanings to inform critical and ethical research, theory, professional practice and education. What emerges from this representative case study of the landscape of Richard Haag's Gas Works Park in Seattle is the understanding that a person's expressions of their 'cognitive landscape images' of a particular landscape, coupled with their expressions of their 'interactions' with that landscape, constitute the specific 'meaning-narrative' they attach to it.
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Leung, Siu-yin, and 梁小燕. "Hong Kong satellite port: re-vitalization of HK fish port : a land without reclamation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009776.
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Gould, David Robert. "Rabbit warrens of South-West England : landscape context, socio-economic significance and symbolism." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/27374.
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For several centuries following their introduction into the British Isles by the Normans, rabbits were farmed on man-made warrens. The right to hunt rabbits during the medieval period was restricted to the highest strata of society and warrens, and rabbit products, carried connotations of wealth and exclusivity. During the post-medieval period, as rabbits became less expensive, their exclusivity declined and access to the species increased across a wider spread of the population. Consequently, later warrens tended to be purely commercial ventures that in places lingered as a form of animal husbandry up until the early twentieth century. Evidence of these warrens is particularly common across England and Wales and typically, although not exclusively, takes the form of pillow mounds, earthworks created to encourage rabbits to burrow. Despite their longevity and high numbers, warrens remain relatively little studied. This thesis investigates surviving warren architecture within south-west England, incorporating archaeological data into a GIS in order to identify the locational, morphological and typological trends of the region’s warrens. It also assesses associations between warrens and other classes of archaeology, notably elite residences and parks, large ecclesiastical institutions and prehistoric earthworks. Doing so allows for a better understanding of warrens’ roles within their immediate environs and of their relationships with other aspects of the human landscape. This study also addresses natural geographical aspects of the landscape in order to determine the principal factors that influenced where warrens were installed. This study investigates documentary reference to warrens as many have not survived within the landscape. Medieval chancery rolls in particular allow for the creation of a national framework of warrening so that the South West can be compared and contrasted to other regions of medieval England. Documentary references, both medieval and post-medieval, to the South West’s warrens allow for the creation of a discrete regional history that defines the context for the establishment of the region’s warren architecture. This study assesses how rabbits were interpreted by medieval society and discusses symbolism, particularly the visual role played by warrens in advertising their owners’ wealth and any possible religious concepts associated with rabbits.
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Martin, Renee. "DemolitionLand: succession in the urban landscape." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1282576358.
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Senécal, Nathalie H. "The No. 5 terminal grain elevator in the port of Montreal, monument in a shifting landscape." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59347.pdf.
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Antunes, Maria Manuela Martins Soares. "Jardins do Porto de oitocentos-percursos, tipologias e persistências." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1996. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29824.
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Rainho, Marina Patrícia Henriques. "O porto na origem do núcleo urbano: Sines e a relação com o mar." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18146.
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A presente dissertação compreende a evolução morfológica de Sines, tendo em conta o seu processo de formação urbana. Partindo da atestada constante mutação do território, é pretendido identificar quais os elementos - paisagísticos e antrópicos - determinantes ao desenho do mesmo. Apoiado em documentos de registo autónomo e complementar e de índole histórica sobre as sucessivas ocupações, desde as primordiais até à atualidade, o estudo pressupõe uma análise rigorosa da evolução das estruturas que compõem este território, e cujas alterações infraestruturais quase sempre esquecem, de maneira consciente ou não, a memória e o espirito do lugar. É na realidade industrial, marítima e paisagística que assenta esta pesquisa que, para além de procurar analisar e compreender a evolução do tecido da cidade no seu todo, procura também lançar uma alternativa não invasiva, sensível, deliberada que aproxime os dois núcleos urbanos, Sines e Santo André, entre si e ao mar. ABSTRACT: The present dissertation aims to grasp the morphologic evolution of Sines, PT, considering its urban formation processes. From the assured constant territorial mutation, it is intended to identify which elements - natural and anthropic - are determinant in its’ drawing. Supported by an autonomous and complementary registration, as well as on historical documents of the successive occupations, from the prime to present time, this essay relies on a rigorous analysis of the evolution of the structures that make up this territory, whose infrastructural changes often forget, consciously or not, the memory and spirit of the place. It is in the industrial, marine and landscape reality that this analysis, in addition to looking for analyzing and understanding the evolution of the city fabric as a whole, also seeks to launch a non-invasive, sensitive, deliberate alternative that converge the two urban centers, Sines and Santo André, to each other and the sea
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Haenraets, Jan H. M. "Identifying key problems regarding the conservation of designed landscapes : designed landscapes of the recent past." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/3880.
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The purpose of the study was to improve the understanding of the present situation and the key problems regarding the conservation of designed landscapes of the recent past. Another aim was to investigate roles and initiatives undertaken by key stakeholders and recommend key areas for measures and action to enhance the conservation and protection of designed landscapes of the recent past. The emphasis of the research was on the United Kingdom but relevant findings and actions from an international context were included. A qualitative method was applied using the between-method triangulation research methodology, which combined two methods of investigation, namely data triangulation and theory triangulation. Theory triangulation allowed for an investigation of the wider context or ‘the general’ and a comparison of findings from published sources and records, including an examination of the existing inventories and the roles and initiatives of key stakeholders. The data triangulation used a case study survey, with questionnaires and interviews, to enable the collection and analysis of data from different categories of stakeholders from a site-specific perspective or ‘the particular’ context. The case study survey investigated eleven case study sites using questionnaires and interviews. A total of 146 respondents were contacted and 103 completed responses were received. The results revealed that several recommendations for actions to improve the conservation and protection of heritage of the recent past exist, and that general conservation principles and methodologies exist for the conservation of designed landscapes, but that a lack of recognition and awareness for the significance of designed landscapes of the recent past results in poor implementation of such principles, and the continuing destruction and disfigurement of significant sites. The findings of the study led in the conclusions to the preparation of recommendations for measures and actions by stakeholders, to improve the protection and conservation of landscapes of the recent past.
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Carreira, Rui Carlos de Sousa de Alcântara. "Ambientalismo e educação ambiental em espaços verdes da área metropolitana do Porto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Letras -- -Departamento de Geografia, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30300.
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Richardson-Calfee, Lisa E. "Post-Transplant Root Production, Mortality, and Periodicity of Landscape-Sized Shade Trees." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28315.
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A more thorough knowledge of rooting behavior of transplanted trees is needed to better understand plant establishment. The objectives of this research were to: 1) determine if transplant timing affected root system regeneration of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and willow oak (Q. phellos L.), 2) determine the effect of transplant timing and nursery production system on root, shoot, and trunk growth periodicity of balled-and-burlapped (B&B) and pot-in-pot (PIP) sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), and 3) characterize seasonal patterns of root production and mortality of transplanted sugar maple. No new root growth occurred outside or within the root balls of red or willow oak between November transplanting and January excavation. However, new root growth was observed when November- and March-transplanted oaks were excavated in April, indicating that new root growth occurs primarily in late winter and/or early. Transplanted and non-transplanted sugar maples exhibited a pattern of maximum rates of shoot extension in early May, root length accumulation in late May, and trunk expansion in mid June. Rate of root length accumulation was less in summer and fall. Transplanting did not appear to disrupt the normal growth periodicity of sugar maple, except when transplanted in July. Abundant root length accumulation occurred in the July transplants at a time when root length accumulation had slowed in all other treatments, resulting in the July transplants having similar standing root lengths as the other transplants by fall. Standing root length of non-transplanted PIP sugar maple declined dramatically in spring. While root production in sugar maple was limited to the growing season, root mortality occurred at a steadier rate throughout the year. Most root mortality occurred in winter in transplanted trees and spring and summer in non-transplanted trees. Non-transplanted PIP trees had greater standing root length, production, and mortality than the other treatments. Indices of root activity (analogous to turnover rates) and production:mortality ratios illustrated the dominant role that root production plays relative to mortality in recently transplanted trees. These data indicate that transplanting and the PIP production system disrupt typical patterns of root production and mortality in sugar maple.Ph. D.
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BELLORA, FIORELLA. "OB PORTUS. The potential of nature to integrate the port as an environmental infrastructure to the city in the Americas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1059316.
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The research argues that nature has the potential to integrate the apparently irreconcilable relationship between port and city. In this sense, its main contribution lies in an alternative perspective on the port city; not only as the result of two opposing categories, but as the synergy of two entities that may coexist and integrate through the inclusion of the environmental dimension. For that purpose, the port—considered in the twentieth century as an annex to the city, a hard, operative, mechanical and contaminant infrastructure— presents nowadays the potential, thanks to the new technologies, to become an environmental infrastructure.
The thesis states a new planning approach which, first, transcends the port-city dichotomy, and second, replaces the traditional notion of port renovation from the end of the twentieth century. This new approach is based on landscape-oriented planning, and it refers to the blurring of limits between city and port, through the infiltration of natural systems. In this regard, the notion of regeneration of an urban piece—based on the concept of interface defined by Brian S. Hoyle (2006) as an area of transition between the uses of the port and the urban areas—is extended towards a diffuse space which is organically integrated to the territory, that we refer to as the field of strategic interaction between port, city and nature. This field acknowledges the natural systems as key planning subjects with the potential to sustain new collective programs and mixed uses. For this, the research interprets the biophysical systems (manifest or latent) as natural pulses with the potential to infiltrate vacant urban and port areas, through visible flows (natural infrastructures) and invisible flows (energy) within a single metabolism.
The research is centered on the American continent, where the natural exuberance and geographical potency is understood as a unique object of design to regenerate the port city coast. A selection of six American port cities is analyzed that could be potentially expanded to other contexts. On the one hand, three successful cases are studied—referred to as representative cases, Toronto, San Francisco, Boston—, where an emerging tendency towards a type of coastal planning associated to the creation of new links between the port, city and nature becomes evident. On the other hand, three contexts are analyzed—referred to as cases of opportunity, Buenos Aires, Manaus and Montevideo—, where nature’s potential to activate a new type of relationship is verified. For an analytical reading of the evolution of the port coast, we revise Hoyle’s original diagram (1989, 2000), a paradigmatic model that defines the phases in the evolution between the city and the port. We reinterpret it for the American context and we add a third component to the relationship: nature.
Finally, with the purpose of bringing these statements down to the project level, the identification and interpretation of theoretical-operative tools is exposed. These tools are referred to as keys and are formulated to contribute to future reflection and interventions on port coasts, in an attempt to incorpo¬rate the environmental dimension as a criterion and a driver of reconnection between the port and the city.
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Brandt, Nicola. "Emerging landscapes : memory, trauma and its afterimage in post-apartheid Namibia and South Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9dfe7938-670a-40fc-a063-5617c0503fcd.
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Visual records of place remain to a large degree inadequate when attempting to make visible the ephemeral states of consciousness that underlie the damage wrought by brutal regimes, let alone make visible the extraordinary histories and power structures encoded in images and views. This practice-led dissertation examines an emerging critical landscape genre in post-apartheid South Africa and Namibia, and its relationship to specific themes such as identity, belonging, trauma and memory. The landscape genre was traditionally considered inadequate to use in expressions of resistance under apartheid, particularly in the socially conscious and reformist discourse of South African documentary photography. I argue that, as a result of historical and cultural shifts after the demise of apartheid in 1994, a shift in aesthetic and subject matter has occurred, one that has led to a more rigorous and interventionist engagement with the landscape genre. I demonstrate how, after 1994, photographers of the long-established documentary tradition, which was meant to record 'what is there' in a sharp, clear, legible and impartial manner, would continue to draw on devices of the documentary aesthetic, but in a more idiosyncratic way. I show how these post-apartheid, documentary landscapes both disrupt and complicate the conventional expectations involved in converting visual fields into knowledge. I further investigate, through my own experimental documentary work, the ideologically fraught aspects of landscape representation with their links to Calvinist and German Romantic aesthetics. I appropriate and disrupt certain tropes still prevalent in popular landscape depictions. I do this in an effort to reveal the complex and troubled relationship that these traditions share with issues of willed historical amnesia and recognition in contemporary Namibia. Through my practice and the examination of other photographers' and artists' work, this project aims to further a self-reflective and critical approach to the genre of landscape and issues of identity in post-apartheid South Africa and Namibia.
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Burmeister, Marina. "Reconnecting man with nature : post industrial landscape development." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45272.
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Industries became a permanent addition to
cities in the 18th century, transforming the
natural landscape and influencing the people
directly dependant on it, this enforces to the
consumer culture we experience every day.
This industrial development all over the
world has disregarded apparent and non-apparent
relationships that humans have within
nature, resulting in the connection between
humans and nature to become estranged,
leaving humankind searching for identity and
purpose.
This study investigates the connection between
humans and nature through adapting
the post-industrial landscape, to ultimately
establish an identity of place for human
well-being.
The study proposes that apparent and
non-apparent relationships between humans
and nature can be introduced in the post-industrial
landscape through the concepts of
ecosystem services and commemorative
design. By commemorating the natural
landscape, memories and experiences
will create an appreciation for the natural
landscape, strengthening the connection
between humans and nature. Different
ecosystem services are generated by the
design to establish ecological and human
well-being.
The sketch plan design intervention proposes
that, these apparent and non-apparent relationships
between humans and nature are
revealed and celebrated. The non-apparent
relationships are transformed into apparent
design features within the landscape to make
visitors aware of their unity with nature and
the services it provides them with. The
design proposal creates opportunities for
interaction, education and appreciation by
means of food gardens, utility gardens,
biodiversity gardens and experiments of
spontaneous succession.
The purpose of these interventions is to
restore the post-industrial landscape while
creating a strong cultural connection to
heritage within industries and nature to
reconnect humankind with their own identity
as part of nature.Dissertation (ML(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Architecture
ML(Prof)
Unrestricted
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Botequim, Brigite Roxo. "Tools to support design of fire-resistant landscapes in Portuguese ecosystems." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9257.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaForests are a key element in the Portuguese landscape. Moreover, fire hazard is a central challenge at national context. How can appropriate management potentially change fire behaviour, fire damage and the difficulty of fire suppression? What are the causal relationships between fire proneness, stand structure and forest stand composition? The common objective of the doctoral research among the five studies is to address the above issues based on principles of creating fire-resistant forests, underlying factors and implications for active forest management, while sustaining effective fire prevention levels. The ultimate goal is to provide forest managers and policy makers with tools to support their decisions, and more effectively align management policies, plans, and practices across fire-prone landscapes. The first research phase aims, across a range of scales from the individual tree to the stand level, respectively: (i) modelling the annual probability of wildfire occurrence of pure and even-aged eucalypt stands; (ii) developing a shrub biomass accumulation model, and (iii) a post-fire mortality model at stand level and the individual tree survival probability to mitigate damage in any forest stand structure. The second phase introduces fire behavior modeling coupled with common stand variables as a tool to (iv) assess potential crown fire occurrence through stand structure/stand composition, and (v) draw guidelines that express the difficulty of fire suppression in those fire-prone forest stands. The accuracy of the research findings can provide an interesting insight to support hazard-reduction silvicultural practices in Portuguese ecosystems
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PASINI, Roberto. "The Symbiotic Field. Landscape Paradigms and Post-Urban Spaces." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2487896.
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La ricerca esplora la fusione di sistemi naturali e artificiali nel paesaggio contemporaneo. Si propone infatti che la totalità dello spazio contemporaneo possa essere interpretata attraverso la lente di un paradigma paesaggistico che combina componenti e livelli cognitiviti, scientifici, metabolisti, ecologisti, culturalisti, geofilosofici, territorialisti, detto ‘simbiotico. Il testo è costituito di tre parti fondamentali. la Sezione I presenta un panorama disciplinare che esplora il dibattito sul paesaggio contemporaneo. Nella Sezione II segue un’anatomia comparata di costrutti paesaggistici provenienti da fonti diverse, sintetizzata nella proposta del paradigma paesaggistico simbiotico, in grado di conciliare posizioni cognitiviste e culturaliste. La Sezione III conclude il lavoro con una fase sperimentale che testa il paradigma simbiotico in un progetto di installazione paesaggistica, ‘Tests for a Symbiotic Matorral’, in fase di realizzazione nel Parque Ecológico Chipinque sulla Sierra Madre Orientale in Messico. Le ‘Conclusioni teoriche’ della Sezione II contribuiscono al dibattito accademico interdisciplinare sul paesaggio presentando formulazioni discorsive e grafiche del ‘paradigma paesaggistico simbiotico’. Le ‘Conclusioni sperimentali’ della Sezione III sintetizzano la metodologia e gli obiettivi pratici del progetto di installazione paesaggistica in fase di implementazione. Le ‘Conclusioni filosofiche’ del Finale elaborano alcune riflessioni sulle prospettive e implicazioni etiche della ricerca e proiettano possibili futuri scenari di lavoro.This research explores the merging of natural and manmade systems in contemporary landscapes. It proposes, indeed, that the entirety of contemporary space be interpreted through the lens of a landscape paradigm combining scientific and cultural layers. A ‘symbiotic landscape construct’ is therefore devised and experimentally tested with an environmental installation implemented in the Sierra Madre Oriental of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The ‘Theoretic Conclusions’ ending Section II propose a ‘symbiotic landscape paradigm’, discursively and graphically represented, contributing to the interdisciplinary academic debate on landscape-related topics. The ‘Experimental Conclusions’ ending Section III synthesize the practical methodology and objectives of the ‘Tests for a Symbiotic Matorral’ project, under implementation. The ‘Philosophical Conclusions’ of the ‘Finale’ draw some reflections about the ethic aims and implications of the research and help cast future scenarios of work.
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Acosta, Carmen Diaz. "Propositions de protection et valorisation du patrimoine industriel de la baie de La Havane." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31084.
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Le vieux port de La Havane est arrivé jusqu'à nos jours avec les traces d'un déclin de son
activité commerciale. En 2014, le gouvernement a inauguré un nouveau port où les activités
portuaires ont commencé à être déplacées. Conséquences directes de la globalisation, ces
actions ont révélé l'abandon de l'un des sites industriels les plus importants de l'histoire
cubaine. Il s'agit d'un patrimoine qui n'a pas été étudié dans son ensemble et qui ne dispose
pas de reconnaissance, de conservation et de protection juridique. Dans ce sens, l'objectif de
cette recherche est de proposer un schéma de récupération et de valorisation du patrimoine
industriel désaffecté, situé dans l'anneau portuaire et appartenant à la zone de protection de la
baie de La Havane. L'objectif est d'analyser et de montrer les possibilités de conservation et
de réutilisation, en démontrant la valeur patrimoniale des biens et en créant les outils
nécessaires à leur valorisation.
Avec l’utilisation d’une méthode essentiellement qualitative, la recherche est basée sur
l'analyse évolutive du port, de son scénario actuel et futur, et des lois nationales et mondiales
de protection. Les principales sources de ce travail sont diverses cartographies, plans urbains,
archives, graphiques, conventions, chartes, décrets-lois, schémas et photographies. En outre,
un travail de terrain a été réalisé pour la création et l'application d'instruments fondamentaux
tels qu'un inventaire et un système d'évaluation du patrimoine industrial - portuaire de La
Havane. Ces instruments sont essentiels dans le processus de récupération et de valorisation
de ce patrimoine. On peut démontrer la validité et la disponibilité d'un instrument efficace de
gestion du patrimoine qui permettra de prendre les bonnes décisions pour l'avenir de cet
ensemble. Ce travail est un outil pratique essentiel pour le plan de Développement et le plan
de Gestion du Paysage de la Baie de La Havane; ABSTRACT: The old port of Havana has come to our days with the traces of a decline in its commercial
activity. It was in 2014 that the government inaugurated a new harbour where port activities
began to be displaced. A direct consequence of globalisation, these actions revealed the
abandonment of one of the most important industrial sites in Cuban history. It is a heritage
that has not been studied as a complex and does not have its due recognition, conservation
and legal protection. In this sense, the purpose of this research is to propose a scheme for the
recovery and enhancement of this disused industrial heritage, which is located in the port ring
and belongs to the Havana Bay Protection Zone. The objective is to analyse and show the
possibilities of conservation and reuse, demonstrating the heritage value of the assets and
creating the tools for their valorisation.
Using an essentially qualitative method, the research is based on the evolutionary analysis
of the port, its current and future scenario, and the national and global heritage protection
laws. The main sources of this work include various cartographies, urban plans, archives,
charts, conventions, decrees-laws, diagrams and photographs. In addition, fieldwork has been
carried out for the creation and application of fundamental instruments such as an inventory
and an evaluation system of Havana's industrial port heritage. These instruments are key in
the process of recovery and valorisation of this heritage. The validity and availability of an
effective instrument for heritage management can be demonstrated in order to make the right
decisions for the future. This work constitutes an essential practical tool for the Bay
Development Plan and for the Bay Landscape Management Plan.
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LeNoir, James. "Post-Glacial Sedimentation in Ossipee Lake, New Hampshire:." Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108650.
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Thesis advisor: Noah P. SnyderLand cover and climate changes, attributed to natural and anthropogenic forcings, cause deviations in geomorphic processes that act to deliver sediment from watersheds to lakes. In New England, contradictory evidence exists as to the influence of deforestation associated with EuroAmerican settlement and major flood events on watershed erosion rates over the past ~250 years. Through combining sediment core analysis from Ossipee Lake, New Hampshire with geomorphic analysis of the Ossipee Lake watershed, this study quantifies Holocene through Anthropocene watershed erosion rates, and assesses variations in rates in relation to short-term historic events such as major storm events or deforestation, and long-term variations related to natural climate variability and post-glacial landscape evolution. An 8.63 m core was collected and spans the entire period from deglaciation to present. Bulk composition and age-depth modeling, utilizing both short-lived radioisotopes and radiocarbon dating, are used to quantify changes in deposition and inferred erosion rates over time. Additional insight on sedimentary processes is provided by measurements of magnetic susceptibility and bulk geochemistry. Lake-sediment data suggests clastic sediment mass accumulation rates vary between 0.0032 to 0.5870 g/cm2/yr, with deposits of increased terrestrially derived sediment focused between ~8500 to 7800, ~6500 to 2500, and 1600 cal yr BP to present. Geomorphic analysis is used to identify regions within the watershed that act to deliver sediment to Ossipee Lake. Potential sources of sediment supply include loose, unconsolidated proglacial deposits near Ossipee Lake that transition to primarily till in upland areas. Calculated bed shear stress along rivers highlights areas in the watershed capable of transporting sediment and areas that can serve as traps thus limiting sediment delivery to Ossipee Lake
Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2019
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Earth and Environmental Sciences
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Melo, Odete Manuela Sequeira de. "Ambiente urbano e espaços verdes-uma perspectiva geográfica sobre a cidade do Porto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Letras, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29308.
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Sheehan, David Edward. "The Veteran's Way: Addressing Post-Traumatic Stress and Veterans' Re-integration Through Landscape." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53508.
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Post-traumatic stress, while not unique to war, results from normal human reactions to combat. Historically, civilizations provided communal rituals
to support and treat returning warriors. We do not. When combat stress reactions adversely affect normal functioning, we label them Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder, implying something wrong with the sufferer, when in reality what is wrong is war itself. Not all veterans develop diagnosable PTSD
or seek treatment, but all deal with post-traumatic stress. Complex, with moral, societal, and spiritual dimensions, combat stress manifests physically
and emotionally. Veteran support should address both.
Battlefields are places to contemplate the nature of war and martial sacrifice, and to experience emotional empathy with those who fought there.
The ground itself is the link to this empathy. Battlefield landscapes can be designed to help veterans process their responses to combat, recognize
them as normal human reactions inherent to the warrior experience, and participate in meaningful communalization experiences to aid in social reintegration.
These concepts were applied at Fredericksburg, Virginia, resulting in a 26-mile battlefield trail linking experientially important sites and ending at an
outdoor amphitheater. The trail offers the stress-relieving benefits of exercise. It also allows veterans to examine their own experiences in the context
of others' and prepares them for communal experiences at the culminating public space.
Pilgrimage on hallowed battlefield ground helps veterans tell themselves their own story. Telling that story to others allows the community to share
the burden of peace and helps veterans complete their warrior's journey home.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Burdick, Elizabeth. "Rediscovering the Ruderal: An Alternative Framework for Post-Industrial Sites of Accumulation." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306868718.
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Etcheverry, Carolina Martins. "Visões de Porto Alegre nas fotografias dos irmãos Ferrari (c.1888) e de Virgílio Calegari (c.1912)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/11173.
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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a produção de vistas da cidade de Porto Alegre, realizadas pelos Irmãos Ferrari e por Virgílio Calegari, dentro do contexto da história da representação da paisagem. Para tanto, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se em torno de dois álbuns produzidos pelos fotógrafos mencionados. Os primeiros produziram um álbum colecionável a partir de fascículos, e a cada mês o assinante recebia uma fotografia da cidade. Já o segundo foi editor de um livro, intitulado Porto Alegre, composto por uma série de fotografias dos principais pontos da cidade e arredores. Estes profissionais são responsáveis por um levantamento iconográfico da cidade de Porto Alegre, estabelecendo uma cultura visual relacionada com a arte. Organizadas em álbuns ou livros, estas imagens engendram sentido à cidade. Esta dissertação partiu da hipótese de que existiam padrões visuais específicos para determinados tipos de imagens. A partir disso, foi feito um percurso a fim de perceber as características formais das paisagens urbanas, não apenas na fotografia, mas também na pintura, com o objetivo de estabelecer possíveis influências na composição das fotografias do corpus documental.This thesis has the objective of analyzing the production of views of the city of Porto Alegre by the Ferrari brothers and by Virgílio Calegari, from within the context of the history of landscape representation. In order to do so, the research revolved around two albums produced by the mentioned photographers. The first ones have produced a collectable album using booklets; the subscriber would receive, monthly, a picture of the city. The second was the editor of a book called Porto Alegre, this book was compound by a series of pictures of the main spots of the city and its environ. These professionals are responsible for an iconographic survey of the city of Porto Alegre which established a visual culture related to art. Put together in albums or books, these images give the city sense. This thesis accepted the hypothesis that there are specific visual patterns in specific kinds of images. Starting with that, a specific path was taken towards the end of perceiving the formal characteristics of urban landscapes, not only in photography, but also in painting; this was done with the objective of establishing possible influences on the composition of the pictures from the documental corpus.
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Hattingh, Raina. "Framework to guide mine-related land use planning towards optimisation of the coal mining rehabilitated landscape." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65312.
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The post-mining land use optimisation framework developed as part of this research underpins the need for examining site-specific decisions within the regional land planning context as well as in relation to the social, economic, and political perspectives within the mine’s localised planning domain. It emphasizes that the spatial and temporal planning and implementation of rehabilitation and land use-related activities remain continually changing throughout the mining life cycle. This implies that amendments, refinements or corrective action should be an integral aspect of this planning, improving the trajectory towards success as new site knowledge and learnings becomes available. Rehabilitation activities should be implemented as soon as site disturbance (construction) starts and maintained throughout the operational and decommissioning periods. More importantly, these activities remain even more pertinent to the monitoring and maintenance period, during which successful implementation of the pre-defined land use/s can be demonstrated.
Rehabilitation-, land use and mine closure plans are hence ‘living’, changing tools, aligned towards a common goal – defining a resilient post-mining landscape that will, ultimately, enable harnessing the altered landscapes’ new characteristics to optimise services to post-mining communities that either provides similar resourcing needs from the land, or alternative resources that contribute to the long-term viability of the area.Dissertation (MSc) - University of Pretoria, 2018.
Coaltech Research Institute, Chamber of Mines
Chamber of Mines
Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology
MSc
Unrestricted
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Kunz, Elisa Arruda. "Porto do Sal: um espaço híbrido entre Belém e a paisagem insular amazônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-19122017-122545/.
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Nesta dissertação ocorre a investigação sobre o espaço Porto do Sal (Belém/PA) e a paisagem material encontrada no lugar. Há a suposição de uma interferência do espaço insular amazônico sobre o Porto do Sal, devido aos acessos frequentes a este espaço estimulados pela atividade econômica do Porto, por meio de barcos. A pergunta fundamental se refere a descobrir quais elementos construtivos encontrados na paisagem do Porto revelam indícios de uma interferência do ambiente insular. O objetivo geral é a aproximação com o Porto do Sol, a ponto de obter um panorama amplo do seu modo de construir, que se desdobra desde a arquitetura das habitações até os artefatos. De modo específico está a busca pelo conhecimento do ambiente insular, seja por entradas presenciais nesse espaço, seja pelo amparo em autores que o investigaram; realizar aproximação etnográfica no Porto do Sal, para entendimento dos motivos que se revelam na ação construtiva deste lugar; analisar um grupo de autores que discutam os assuntos relacionados ao estudo, sendo eles: ARRUDA (2014), ISABELLE (2011), SANTOS (1996), JACQUES (2007), CERTEAU (2014), TUAN (1983), LOUREIRO (1995), dentre outros. Para o registro da paisagem do Porto do Sal, foram utilizados o diário de campo e fotografia da paisagem. Estão presentes no lugar elementos peculiares ao espaço insular amazônico - hábitos, modos de agir, falar, vestir, construir, habitar - e isto é demonstrado nos capítulos de discussão teórica e também por meio da organização de um panorama visual presente no \'Percurso imagético entre a Amazônia insular e o Porto do Sal - livro-relato da paisagem em estudo\', que encerra o volume. O sujeito amazônico, seus hábitos e as manifestações culturais que o envolvem são discutidos e mostrados ao longo do estudo, assim como o rebatimento desse contexto no Porto do Sal, que configura este lugar como o ponto de encontro entre as ilhas amazônicas e Belém, um reservatório da expressão do ambiente insular diluído pela cidade grande em contato.In this dissertation we investigate the space of Porto do Sal (Belém/PA) and the material landscape found there. There is the assumption of an interference of the Amazonian insular space over Porto do Sal, dueto the frequent accesses to this space stimulated by the economic activity ofthe port, by means ofboats. The fundamental issue is related to the discovery of which constructive elements found in the landscape of Porto do Sal reveal evidences of an interference from the insular environment. The general objective is to promote an approximation with Porto do Sal, in order to obtain a wide panorama of its construction, which unfolds from the architecture of the dwellings to the artifacts. Specifically, the knowledge of the insular environment is sought, either by presence in that space or by the support of authors who investigated it; as well as performing an ethnographic approach with Porto do Sal, in order to understand the reasons that are revealed in the constructive action ofthis place; and analyzing a group of authors that discuss the subjects related to the study, such as: ARRUDA (2014), ISABELLE (2011), SANTOS (1996), JACQUES (2007), CERTEAU (2014), TUAN (1983), LOUREIRO (1995), among others. To record the landscape of Porto do Sal, the field diary and landscape photography were used. The elements peculiar to the Amazonian island space present in this place - habits, ways of acting, talking, dressing, building, inhabiting - are demonstrated in the theoretical discussion chapters and also through the organization of a visual panorama present in \'Percurso imagético entre a Amazônia insular e o Porto do Sal - livro-relato da paisagem em estudo\', which closes the volume. The amazonian subject, his habits and the cultural manifestations that surround him are discussed and shown throughout the study, as well as the projection of this context in Porto do Sal, which configures this place, like a meeting point between the Amazonian islands and Belém, as a reservoir of the expression of the insular environment diluted by the big city in contact.
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Madureira, Helena 1974. "Processos de transformação da estrutura verde no Porto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Arquitectura, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29289.
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Arcas, Mantas Aida. "The evolutionary landscape of the DNA damage response network: a computational approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/124843.
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The DNA Damage response is a crucial signaling network that preserves genome
integrity. This network is an ensemble of distinct but often overlapping sub-networks,
where participating components exert different functions according to precise spatiotemporal
frameworks. To understand how these sub-networks have been assembled
and emerged along evolution, we have screened DDR components in 47 selected
species covering the tree of life and analyzed their evolutionary and functional
properties according to different gene ages and following a variety of classifications.
This is the first time a systematic analysis covers the DDR network’s evolution as a
whole. Our results indicate that most of the DDR components are ancestral genes, that
all the subnetworks contain at least one representative protein traceable to Prokaryota,
and that the ancestral core of the DDR machinery is mainly related to repair and is
mostly built upon sensor and effector activities. Along evolution the enlargement of the
network has occurred through the addition of new components that have evolved to
interact and work together with the ancient ones, which may have increased the
complexity of the DDR network in terms of fine-tuning and cross-talk to other pathways.La respuesta al daño en el ADN (DDR) es una red de señalización esencial que mantiene la integridad genética. Esta red es un conjunto de sub-redes distintas, pero a menudo solapantes, donde los componentes que participan desempeñan diversas funciones según marcos espacio-temporales precisos. Para comprender cómo estas sub-redes han surgido a lo largo de la evolución y cómo se han ido ensamblando, hemos buscado componentes de DDR en 47 especies que cubren el árbol de la vida, y hemos analizado sus propiedades evolutivas y funcionales según distintas edades de genes y siguiendo varias clasificaciones. Esta es la primera vez que un análisis sistemático cubre la evolución global de la red de DDR. Nuestros resultados indican que la mayoría de los componentes de la DDR son genes antiguos, que todas las sub-redes contienen al menos un representante trazable hasta procariotas, y que el núcleo ancestral de la maquinaria de DDR está principalmente relacionado con reparación y se construyó sobre actividades de detección y efectores. A lo largo de la evolución, la ampliación de la red ha ocurrido a través de la adición de nuevos componentes que han evolucionado para interaccionar y funcionar junto a los antiguos, lo que puede haber incrementado la complejidad de la red de DDR en términos de precisión y de comunicación con otras redes.
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Ter-Ghazaryan, Diana K. "Re-Imagining Yerevan in the Post-Soviet Era: Urban Symbolism and Narratives of the Nation in the Landscape of Armenia's Capital." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/261.
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The urban landscape of Yerevan has experienced tremendous changes since the collapse of the Soviet Union and Armenia’s independence in 1991. Domestic and foreign investments have poured into Yerevan’s building sector, converting many downtown neighborhoods into sleek modern districts that now cater to foreign investors, tourists, and the newly rich Armenian nationals. Large portions of the city’s green parks and other public spaces have been commercialized for private and exclusive use, creating zones that are accessible only to the affluent. In this dissertation I explore the rapidly transforming landscape of Yerevan and its connections to the development of contemporary Armenian national identity. This research was guided by principles of ethnographic inquiry, and I employed diverse methods, including document and archival research, structured and semi-structured interviews and content analysis of news media. I also used geographic information systems (GIS) and satellite images to represent and visualize the stark transformations of spaces in Yerevan. Informed by and contributing to three literatures—on the relationship between landscape and identity formation, on the construction of national identity, and on Soviet and post-Soviet cities—this dissertation investigates how messages about contemporary Armenian national identity are being expressed via the transforming landscape of Armenia’s national capital. In it I describe the ways in which abrupt transformations have resulted in the physical and symbolic eviction of residents, introducing fierce public debates about belonging and exclusion within the changing urban context. I demonstrate that the new additions to Yerevan’s landscape and the symbolic messages that they carry are hotly contested by many long-time residents, who struggle for inclusion of their opinions and interests in the process of re-imagining their national capital. This dissertation illustrates many of the trends that are apparent in post-Soviet and post-Socialist space, while at the same time exposing some unique characteristics of the Armenian case.
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Marrafa, Laura Isabel Xavier de Freitas. "Laboratório da paisagem." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19847.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.A Ilha do Porto Santo situa-se no Arquipélago da Madeira, em pleno Oceano Atlântico. A sua ocupação é um processo que dura há cerca de 600 anos, sendo que o seu resultado pode hoje ser observado: Um território pouco potenciado no aproveitamento da sua paisagem. A presente proposta de projecto final de mestrado versa sobre a ocupação desta ilha numa óptica de sustentabilidade ecológica e equilíbrio futuro.Todas as feridas que ao longo dos anos foram causadas neste território influenciaram o crescimento ecológico, cultural e económico da ilha. De que forma pode, então, a ilha do Porto Santo ser sustentável, sem as condicionantes da ocupação incial? Abordando vários casos de estudo de Ilhas em condições semelhantes, este trabalho direcciona-se gradualmente para a ilha em questão, propondo uma nova forma de habitar, com a pretensão de contribuir para a revitalização da vertente ambiental do território. Assim, faz-se conviver a ocupação Humana com as energias renováveis, a alimentação a partir da agricultura e a nova arquitectura vernacular, numa lógica de conjunto. O Laboratório da Paisagem é a relação simbiótica entre o Homem, a energia e o território.
ABSTRACT: The Island of Porto Santo is located in Madeira archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean. It’s ocupation is a process that lasted for about 600 years and its result can now be observed: A territory not much enhanced in the use of its landscape. The present proposal of the final master project deals with the occupation of this island in a perspective of ecological sustainability and future equilibrium. All the wounds that were (that have been) caused to this territory over the years has (have) influenced the ecological, cultural and economic growth of the Island. In what way (how) can the Island of Porto Santo become ecologically balanced and sustainable, without the constraints of the initial occupation? Addressing several case studies of islands under similar conditons, this work gradually moves towards the island in question, proposing a new way of inhabiting with the aim of contributing to the revitalization of the environmental side of the territory. Thus, as a whole, it is possible to coexist the human occupation with renewable energy, food from local agriculture and new vernacular architecture. The Landscape Laboratory is the symbiotic relationship between Man, energy and territory.
N/A
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Araujo, Cristina Pereira de. "Porto (in) Seguro: a perda do paraíso. Os reflexos do turismo na sua paisagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-03062014-161546/.
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Este trabalho discorre sobre os reflexos do turismo na paisagem do município de Porto Seguro. De ocupação predominantemente rural até a década de 70, a abertura da Rodovia BR-101 propiciaria um rápido e desordenado crescimento urbano, acompanhado do desenvolvimento das atividades turísticas. O Prodetur, Programa de Desenvolvimento do Turismo no Nordeste, chegaria em Porto Seguro em meados da década de 90, quando o turismo na região estaria em vias de declínio. Através do Prodetur, as condições da oferta turística melhoraram porém, a ausência de uma política urbana que o assistisse, traria à tona carências sociais presentes no município, revelando uma outra Porto Seguro, a Porto Seguro dos moradores, que o turista não vê. No entanto, tanto a Porto Seguro agraciada pelos investimentos do Prodetur, quanto àquela em que grande parte da população vive, tem sido edificada sem respeitar as fragilidades ambientais, ou seja, mesmo com recursos financeiros disponíveis, continua-se efetuando projetos alheios às características do lugar. Assim , na \"Porto Seguro dos moradores\", a paisagem é reflexo da apropriação dos espaços à busca de moradia e alternativas de sobrevivência; já na \"Porto Seguro dos turistas\", a paisagem é um recurso visual, posto à venda. O objetivo deste trabalho é, portanto, alertar para a necessidade de um planejamento integrado, que pondere variáveis ambientais, sociais e econômicas, visando harmonizar desenvolvimento com conservação do meio ambiente.This research refers to the reflexes of tourism in the landscape of Porto Seguro city, in Bahia - Brazil. With a predominant rural occupation until the 70\'s, the opening of highway BR-101 would lead to a fast and messy urban growth and to an increase of tourism activities. The Prodetur, Program of Growth of Northeast Tourism, arrived in Porto Seguro in the mid 90\'s, when tourism in the region was decreasing. Through the Prodetur the tourism conditions had an increase but the inexistence of an appropriate urban policy brought out the social problems already existent revealing another Porto Seguro, the Porto Seguro of its residents, the one the tourist can not see. However, both Porto Seguros have been built without respecting the environment fragility. So, in the Porto Seguro of the residents, the reflexes on the landscape are a result of the appropriation of spaces in the search for housing and survival; in the tourist Porto Seguro, the landscape is a visual resource for sale. Therefore, the main goal of this project is to alert to the necessity of an integrated planning that works with environmental, social and economic variables to harmonize growth with the environmental conservation.
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Bever, Olga Alexeyevna. "Linguistic Landscapes of Post-Soviet Ukraine: Multilingualism and Language Policy in Outdoor Media and Advertising." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194464.
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This research investigates language use in Linguistic Landscapes (LLs) of an urban center of post-Soviet eastern Ukraine The major focus is on how the signs represent linguistic, social and ideological phenomena in the context of competing local, national, and global language ideologies with Ukrainian, Russian and English in Cyrillic and Roman scripts. More than 100 pictures of public signs were selected and analyzed, from more than one thousand photographs.Detailed analyses of the signs show that the `one state - one language' official language policy is not effective in the predominantly Russian-speaking eastern Ukraine: the signs frequently use Russian, and blend in Ukrainian. There were revealing differences between establishment categories. Bank signs were almost all in Ukrainian, because they are government regulated. In contrast, local clothing store signs used Russian, along with English and European languages to convey `modernity', `prestige' and `high fashion'; other establishment (casinos and electronics stores) mixed Russian and Ukrainian with some English. English and European languages with Roman script were also frequently used to `smooth over' the conflict between Ukrainian and Russian.The genetic closeness of Ukrainian and Russian allows a linguistic phenomenon that reconciles the languages, `bivalency'. Bivalency refers to shared linguistic elements between the languages, allowing the signs to appeal to the local population, while complying with the official Ukrainian language policy. This work analyzes and documents bivalency at phonological, morphological, and lexical levels, introducing a new sensitive tool for quantifying language dominance in signs.The overall conclusion is that signs in the LLs reveal that despite the official language policy, both Ukrainian and Russian appear in signs. In this way, Linguistic Landscapes may predict a future Ukraine in which both Russian and Ukrainian are accepted as official languages.This work contributes several new perspectives to the analyses of LLs. It demonstrates that LLs are multimodal, multilayered and multidimensional to be studied from a multidisciplinary perspective; the methodology integrates Critical Discourse Analysis and grounded theory; LLs are considered as texts analyzed on multiple discourse levels. The work invents and applies continua of bivalency as a multilevel phenomenon. The research focuses on LLs in eastern Ukraine.
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Silva, Rosiéle Melgarejo da. "O Território contestatório das ruas a partir da perspectiva das intervenções visuais em Porto Alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27017.
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A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo tratar das relações de poder na prática das intervenções visuais, a fim de colaborar para ampliar a compreensão e leitura das paisagens na cidade. As relações de poder foram apreendidas através da observação e vivência com interventores visuais da cidade de Porto Alegre a fim de descobrir como se dá a relação entre esses grupos, deles com a sociedade e de como a intervenção em si interfere, não só na paisagem estritamente, mas nas relações sociais do espaço da rua de maneira geral. Nesse sentido foi apresentado um recorte de paisagem que é a que sofre a intervenção, foram tratadas em seguida as relações de poder descobertas através de entrevistas e acompanhamento da área de estudo, que foi o bairro Cidade Baixa, para se chegar numa redescoberta da paisagem. Essa nova paisagem construída após uma perspectiva territorial mostra uma realidade menos generalizante e preconceituosa das intervenções. Assim, a pesquisa demonstra a partir das diferentes relações de poder que se estabelecem nessa prática que a intervenção é um mero instrumento e que se torna necessário numa cidade que consome cada vez mais com os espaços de livre expressão. As paredes e muros da cidade são suportes para esses grupos que contam a história dos descontentes que independente do que está ali registrada a intenção desta pesquisa é que essa história não se perca.This current research objective is dealing with power relationship in visual intervention practice, to collaborate to increase the understanding and reading the landscape in the city. The power relationship was understood through the observation and inhabit with visual interventors in Porto Alegre to uncover how is the relationship between these groups, them with society and how intervention interfears, not only in the landscape, but in the social relations of the street space in many ways. This mode was stated a landscape cut who suffer the intervention, and was threated the power relationship found through interview and escort to the study area, the Cidade Baixa district, to achieve a rediscovery of the landscape. This new landscape built after a territorial perspective shows a less generalizing and biased reality of the interventions. This way, this research shows from the different power relationship established in this practice that the intervention its merely a tool and become necessary in a city what consumes more and more the free speech spaces. The city walls and gates are holder to this groups that tells the unhappy story apart from what is there registered, this research purpose is this store not to loose.
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Kotarba-Morley, Anna Maria. "The Port of Berenike Troglodytica on the Red Sea : a landscape-based approach to the study of its harbour and its role in Indo-Mediterranean trade." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dc80167b-8b1e-499d-9b7c-038e10b2e782.
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The port site of Berenike Troglodytica - located on the Egyptian Red Sea coast - served the spice and incense routes that linked the Mediterranean World (specifically the Roman Empire) to India, Southern Arabia and East Africa. In the Greco-Roman period the site was at the cutting edge of what was then the embryonic global economy, ideally situated as a key node connecting Indian Ocean and Mediterranean trade for almost 800 years. It is now located in an arid, marginal, hostile environment but the situation must have been very different 2300 years ago, at the time of its founding. At the time of elephant-hunting trips during the Hellenistic period before the inception of its important role in the global markets of the day in the Roman period Berenike would have to have looked much different to what we can now imagine. What was it like then, when the first prospectors visited this location at the time of Ptolemy II? Why this particular place, and this particular landscape setting seemed such a propitious location for the siting of an important new harbour? Given the importance of the port over almost a millennium it is perhaps surprising that very little is known about the different factors impacting on the foundation, evolution, heyday and subsequent decline of the city; or the size, shape, and capacity of its harbour. The intention of this research is to address this shortfall in our knowledge, to examine the drivers behind the rise and fall of this port city, and to explore the extent to which the dynamics of the physical landscape were integral to this story. Using an innovative Earth Science approach, changes in the archaeological 'coastscape' have been reconstructed and correlated with periods of occupation and abandonment of the port, shedding light on the nature, degree and directionality of human-environment interactions at the site. This work has revealed profound changes in the configuration of the coastal landscape and environment (including the sea level) during the lifespan of Berenike, highlighting the ability of people to exploit changes in their immediate environment, and demonstrating that, ultimately, the decline of the port was partly due to these landscape dynamics. To further explore these themes the landscape reconstructions have been supplemented by semi-quantitative analyses of a suite of variables likely to influence the initial siting of new ports of trade. These have shown that although the site of Berenike was ideal in terms of its coastal landscape potential, possessing a natural sheltered bay and lagoon system, the choice of location was not solely influenced by its environmental conditions. Additionally, a detailed review of vessels that plied Red Sea and Indian Ocean routes is presented here in order to better understand the design and functioning of Berenike's harbour. This serves the purpose of identifying unifying features that provide more detail about the size and draught of vessels and the potential capacity of the harbour basin. By using this multi-scalar approach it has been possible to reconstruct the 'coastscape' of the site through the key periods of its occupancy and those phases immediately before and after its operation. This has wide-ranging implications for researchers studying ancient ports along this trade network as a larger database will tease out more details about how influential the landscape was in the initial siting of the port and its subsequent use and decline.
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Assunção, Cátia Cristina Pinto. "Sines. Interpretação das relações urbanas entre cidade, porto e paisagem. Paisagens metropolitanas. Morfogénese e projecto de grande escala na cidade europeia actual." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Arquitectura, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2888.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura com a especialização em Planeamento Urbano e TerritorialA interpretação de um território do ponto de vista da sua formação urbana, exige o conhecimento das diversas lógicas que lhe estão subjacentes, e implica a identificação dos elementos determinantes que justificam a sua evolução e fundamentam os seus vários estádios de formação. É neste sentido que surge a vontade de reflexão sobre a formação urbana da área de Sines, bem como a sua interpretação e leitura compreensiva, elaboradas a partir de três elementos-chave – cidade, porto e paisagem -, que constituem efectivamente as grandes determinantes da formação urbana deste território e determinam a sua matriz de leitura a qual resulta do entendimento da importância que o oceano, o desenvolvimento urbano e a paisagem florestal, detêm na formação urbana deste território e da interpretação das relações que estes estabelecem entre si, mais ou menos próximas, e que justificam e caracterizam a sua expressão temporal conceptualizada em vários estádios da sua formação – 1940, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000. A metodologia adoptada, permitiu definir um critério de análise rigoroso, coerente, harmonioso e transversal aos vários períodos identificados e às leituras teóricas e cartográficas apresentadas. Esta investigação tem particular interesse pela inovação do processo de interpretação e caracterização de Sines, um território em crescente transformação.
The interpretation of the territory from the point of view of urban formation, requires knowledge of the various logics that underlie it, and involves identifying of the critical factors that justify their evolution and their underlying various stages of development. In this way arises the desire to reflect about the urban formation of the area of Sines, as well as is interpretation and comprehension reading, prepared from three key elements - city, harbor and landscape -, that are indeed the major determinants of the urban formation of this area and determine their reading frame which results from the understanding of the importance of the ocean, the urban development and the forest landscape, it holds in the urban structure of this territory and its interpretation of the relationships that they establish between themselves, more or less close, and that justify and characterize its temporal expression, conceptualized in various stages of its formation - 1940, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000. The methodology adopted, allowed to defining a criterion for rigorous analysis, coherent, harmonious and transverse across the various periods identified and to theoretical interpretations and cartographic presented. This research has particular interest in the innovation process of interpretation and characterization of Sines, a growing area in transformation.
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Silva, Paulo Almeida da. "Aspectos históricos e ambientais do Porto das Catraias e arredores e suas relações com Tabatinga (AM)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-08052012-123707/.
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Compreender como ocorre determinada ocupação e organização do espaço pelo homem nos impõe o desafio da redução ou restrição, sem perder de vista o conjunto de complexidades que envolve a questão ambiental. Para isso, é preciso levar em consideração as especificidades das ocupações e as condições naturais do ambiente, observando em que contexto histórico ocorrem, quais os tipos de degradação ambiental que já são visíveis e de que forma o poder público responde no atendimento de necessidades que surgem em áreas onde ocorrem tais fenômenos, como é o caso do Porto das Catraias, área estudada em Tabatinga (AM). A base teórica desta pesquisa foi fundamentada em alguns princípios da Teoria Geral dos Sistemas, proposta por Bertalanffy, no conceito de paisagem e na observação dos fatores selecionados, que se constituíam tanto de elementos físicos, que nos possibilitaram examinar a caracterização física geomorfológica e biogeográfica, como também daqueles elementos que evidenciavam efeitos das ações humanas, buscando retratar como ocorre a ocupação e a organização do espaço pelo homem, possibilitando a compreensão dos padrões intrincados nessas interrelações que caracterizam paisagísticamente uma determinada área. Este estudo analisou como vem ocorrendo a construção paisagística do Porto das Catraias, considerando seus vários momentos e seus aspectos históricos e ambientais, identificando as principais relações sociais e naturais que ocorrem nesta área e em seu entorno.To understand the humans approach to occupy and organize the space imposes the challenge of reduction or restriction of this theme, without losing sight of the set of complexities that environmental questions involve. For this is necessary to take in consideration the specificities of the occupation, the natural conditions of the environment, and historical context. The categories of environmental degradation and the attendance of necessities by public administration must be also considered. These aspects were considered in the area studied: Port of Catraias, at Tabatinga City (Amazonas State, Brazil). The theoretical support of this research was based on some principles of the General Systems Theory (Bertalanffy), concept of landscape, and the observation of the selected factors: physical elements, such as the geomorphological and biogeographical description, and others elements that evidenced the effects of the human actions to understand the process of the space occupation and organization by human. Thus, it made possible to understand of the complex patterns in these interactions which characterize the landscape. This study analyzed the process of the configuration of the Port of Catraias landscape, which considered some moments and its historical and environmental aspects, and this study also identified the most important social and natural relationships that occur in this area and its neighborhood.
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Kuffner, Joshua A. "Illuminating the Sublime Ruin." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367941361.
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Leggett, Katie Rebecca. "Reconsidering otherness in the shadow of the Holocaust : some proposals for post-Holocaust ecclesiology." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10595.
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This dissertation combines a sustained reflection on the European and North American Post-Holocaust theological landscape with the themes of otherness, exclusion, and identity. The study aims to offer a constructive contribution toward ecclesiology in a post-Holocaust world riven with a rejection of otherness. The consensus among Holocaust scholars is that the moral failure of the churches to engage on behalf of the vast majority of victims of the Third Reich evinces a profound sickness at the heart of the Christian faith. Both Holocaust theologians and ecclesial statements have made notable strides towards diagnosing and curing this illness through proposals to radically reshape Christian theology in the shadow of Holocaust atrocities. However, rarely have these proposals outlined revisions in the realm of practical theology, specifically relating to ecclesiology and how the Christian community might live as church in the post-Holocaust era. This study conducts an interdisciplinary analysis of dominant trends within post-Holocaust theology through the hermeneutical lens of the propensity to abandon, dominate, or eliminate the Other. It argues that the leitmotif of post-Holocaust proposals for revision, i.e. the refutation of antisemitism and a renewed emphasis on Christian/Jewish solidarity, is potentially an exacerbation of the problem of otherness rather than a corrective. Chapter one cultivates a conceptual lens of a rejection of otherness, highlighting its pervasiveness and its deleterious implications for Christian churches. Chapter two surveys a wide range of post-Holocaust ecclesial statements as well as reflections by Holocaust theologians in order to portray the churches’ own perception of their role during the Holocaust and how they have begun to reformulate Christian theology and practice in this light. Chapter three analyzes three dominant trends that come to light when the post-Holocaust landscape is assessed through the lens of otherness. Chapter four explores dynamics of Christian and ecclesial identity as a framework for the cultivation of multi-dimensional identities which make space for the Other. Finally, chapter five will briefly envision some ecclesial characteristics and practices that might better equip churches with the moral resources to resist a rejection of otherness and build an ethical responsibility for the Other into the core of ecclesial identity.
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Souza, Daniele Tubino Pante de. "Corredores verdes : uma abordagem para o seu planejamento em municípios brasileiros de pequeno porte." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70902.
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Introdução: A forma como os assentamentos humanos são dispostos na paisagem influencia o funcionamento dos ecossistemas naturais e, consequentemente, a qualidade de vida das populações. A manutenção de conexões entre importantes elementos naturais em uma paisagem é um dos principais aspectos para a sustentabilidade na ocupação de um território, já que essas viabilizam a ocorrência dos fluxos de matéria e energia, que dão suporte aos serviços ambientais. Os corredores verdes podem ser utilizados como uma estratégia de planejamento para a manutenção da conectividade de uma paisagem. Entre os municípios brasileiros, os de pequeno porte, são aqueles que apresentam paisagens com menor grau de alteração pela ação humana; no entanto, não se verifica nesses locais o desenvolvimento de planejamentos territoriais que garantam a preservação de suas paisagens, segundo os aspectos mencionados. Objetivos: O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento de uma abordagem que auxilie no planejamento de uma rede de corredores verdes, em municípios brasileiros de pequeno porte. Com a intenção de que a abordagem fosse efetiva para essa realidade, foram atendidos três requisitos fundamentais: utilizaram-se base de dados de domínio público, procedimentos de integração de dados simplificados e de fácil compreensão e promoveu-se a participação de atores locais no processo de planejamento, com o intuito de produzir um plano legítimo e de aumentar o grau de conscientização com relação à questão da sustentabilidade, em geral e dos corredores verdes, em especial. Método: A estratégia de pesquisa adotada foi a pesquisa construtiva, a qual requer três etapas para a sua condução: compreensão, desenvolvimento e reflexão. A primeira etapa teve como objetivo a compreensão dos temas: corredores verdes e ordenação da paisagem de municípios brasileiros de pequeno porte. A segunda etapa teve como foco a construção da abordagem, embasada pelos conhecimentos obtidos na primeira etapa. Por fim, foi realizada uma reflexão sobre os resultados obtidos. O Município de Feliz, localizado no Rio Grande do Sul, deu suporte ao desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. Resultados: A abordagem proposta incluiu três fases. A primeira foi dedicada à compreensão da paisagem de planejamento. Nessa fase foram confeccionados mapas temáticos e realizada uma oficina de planejamento, com a participação de atores locais. Nessa oficina, realizou-se a capacitação dos participantes para o desenvolvimento do plano e obtiveram-se informações complementares para dar suporte à proposição da rede de corredores. Na segunda fase da abordagem, foi desenvolvida, pelos participantes, a proposta para a rede de corredores, em escala municipal. A proposta foi desenvolvida em uma oficina de planejamento, a partir da aplicação de orientações definidas previamente à atividade. A terceira fase foi dedicada à avaliação e à complementação da proposta. Conclusões: As oficinas de planejamento promoveram ciclos de aprendizado que permitiram o refinamento da abordagem proposta. Os procedimentos utilizados atenderam aos requisitos definidos e são considerados replicáveis a outros contextos de planejamento, pois não foram desenvolvidos especificamente para o objeto empírico.Introduction: The way in which human settlements are spread in the landscape affects the functioning of natural ecosystems and the quality of life of populations. The maintenance of connections between important elements in natural landscapes is a key aspect for sustainable land use, since connections allow the ocurrence of flows of matter and energy, that support ecosystem services. Greenways can be used in spatial planning as a strategy for maintaining connectivity of a landscape. Amongst the Brazilian municipalities, the small ones, are those that present landscapes with lower degree of alteration by human action; although, there is no development in these locations of any spatial planning that ensure the preservation of their landscapes, according to the mentioned aspects. Objectives: The aim of this research was to develop an approach to assist the planning of a network of greenways, in small Brazilian municipalities. As the approach is intended to be applied to the reality of these municipalities, three fundamental requirements were sought: the data base used was of public domain, procedures for data integration were simplified and easiness of comprehension and participation of local stakeholders were included in the planning process, in order to produce a legitimate plan and to increase the level of awareness regarding the issue of sustainability, in general and of greenways, in particular. Method: The research strategy adopted was the constructive research. This strategy involves three main stages of research: understanding, development and reflection. The first stage aimed at understanding some issues, like: greenways and the arrangement of small Brazilian municipalities’ landscapes. The second stage focused on the construction of the approach, which was based on the knowledge obtained in the first stage. The last stage was carried out to reflect on the results. The Municipality of Feliz, located in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, was chosen to be the empirical subject studied for the development of this research. Results: The proposed approach includes three phases. The first phase focused on the comprehension of the landscape of planning. In this phase, thematic maps were prepared and a planning workshop, with the participation of local stakeholders, was held. The workshop sought to enable local stakeholders to develop the plan and to obtain additional information to support the proposition of the greenway network, in the local landscape. The second phase focused on the proposition of the greenway network, at the municipal level. The proposal was developed with the inclusion of local stakeholders, in a second workshop. The local group applied proposed guidelines for the location of connections, on a synthesis map. The third phase included the assessment and the complementation of the proposal developed by the local group. Conclusions: The workshops promoted learning cycles that enable the refinement of the proposed approach. The procedures used met the defined requirements and are considered replicable to other planning contexts, once they were not specifically developed for the empirical object.
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Coelho, Letícia Castilhos. "Revelando a paisagem através da fotografia : construção e aplicação de um método : Porto Alegre vista do Guaíba." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/40403.
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A paisagem possibilita um olhar para a cidade que integra diversos aspectos da relação sociedadenatureza, e, ao expressar diferentes momentos da ação de uma cultura sobre o espaço, é também uma acumulação de tempos. O presente trabalho pretende compreender as dinâmicas de transformação da paisagem contemporânea, buscando desvelar suas múltiplas camadas temporais a partir de uma perspectiva histórica. Para acessar os vestígios do passado e realizar um percurso no tempo, adota-se a imagem fotográfica como fonte para a investigação. Nesse encontro da paisagem e da fotografia, enquanto fenômenos visíveis que se oferecem a leituras espaço-temporais, sob a inspiração benjaminiana do princípio da montagem, articulam-se os fundamentos teórico-metodológicos que se desdobram na construção e na aplicação de um método para a interpretação da paisagem segundo suas características constituintes da forma, função e estrutura. Como estudo de caso, utiliza-se fotografias de “Porto Alegre vista do Guaíba” em diferentes períodos, considerados emblemáticos em relação às transformações urbanas. Ao acessar as fotografias enquanto vestígios deixados como uma experiência sensível do mundo, a paisagem se revela, permitindo a apreensão de seus significados.Landscape provides a look at the city integrating various aspects of the society-nature relationship. As it expresses different connections of cultural action over space, it is also an overlapping of time. This study aims to understand the transformation dynamics of the contemporary landscape, seeking to uncover its many layers of time from a historical perspective. In order to access the vestiges of the past and make a journey in time, the photographic image is the source for research. When landscape and photography meet and visible space-time readings phenomena take place inspired by Benjamin’s principle of montage, theoretical and methodological articulation unfolds in the construction and application of a method for interpretation of the landscape according to its form, function and structure. As a case study, photographs of “Porto Alegre view from Guaíba” at various times are considered emblematic in relation to urban transformation. By accessing the photographs as traces left and as a sensory experience of the world, the landscape reveals itself, allowing seizure of meanings.
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Baumert, Philippe. "Territoires, paysages et sociétés du vin de Porto : géographie d’une mondialisation." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30028.
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Le vin de Porto est un vin généreux portugais, c’est-à-dire un vin muté par adjonction d’eau-de-vie au cours du processus de vinification, ce qui lui confère un titre alcoométrique relativement élevé, compris entre 16.5 et 22 degrés. Il fait partie de ces vins qui, par le succès et la renommée qu’ils ont acquis à l’exportation depuis des siècles, sont susceptibles de porter très haut les couleurs de la production viti-vinicole d’un pays à l’international. Vin dont le terroir de production a fait l’objet très précocement, dès le milieu du 18e siècle, d’une délimitation ainsi que d’une réglementation très précise et stricte, le Porto est aujourd’hui exporté dans plus d’une centaine de pays au monde. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter une contribution aux études de géographie de la vigne et du vin du monde méditerranéen en répondant aux questions suivantes : - Où se sont construits les premiers territoires du vin de Porto ? Comment ces derniers ont-ils évolué au cours des différentes phases de la mondialisation et selon quelles logiques ? - Comment expliquer la précoce diffusion (dès l’époque Moderne) du vin de Porto sur le globe et, sur un temps plus long, son succès durable auprès des consommateurs à l’échelle internationale ? Comment analyser, plus particulièrement, le « goût anglais » pour le vin de Porto ainsi que le grand succès que connaît le vin de Porto sur les marchés français et portugais à partir de la seconde moitié du 20e siècle ? - Comment comprendre la très nette évolution à la baisse des exportations depuis le début du 21e siècle ? Assiste-t-on désormais à une nouvelle crise de la « planète du vin de Porto » après quasiment un demi-siècle de croissance moyenne des volumes exportés ? Ou doit-on plutôt interpréter cette chute de la courbe des exportations comme l’évolution vers une certaine forme de modernité en matière de consommation ? - Comment les différents acteurs de la filière font-ils face aux défis suscités par la mondialisation de la sphère viti-vinicole et les nouvelles pratiques des consommateurs ? Quelle est la place des territoires et des paysages dans les réponses qu’ils apportent ? - La filière « vin de Porto » et les représentations associées à ce vin peuvent-elles être considérées comme de véritables leviers de compétitivité et de développement territorial dans le cadre de la mondialisation ? - Que peuvent révéler les récentes évolutions de l’organisation de la filière et des pratiques de consommation sur la société portugaise ?Port wine is a generous Portuguese wine, that is to say a wine transformed by the addition of brandy during the winemaking process, which gives it a relatively high alcohol content that ranges from 16.5 to 22 degrees. It is one of those wines whose success and fame throughout the centuries bolster the reputation of its country’s wine production on the international stage. A wine whose terroir of production has been subjected very early, from the middle of the 18th century, to delimitation as well as very precise and strict regulation, Port wine is today exported to more than a hundred countries in the world. The objective of this research is to contribute to the geographical studies of wines and vineyards in the Mediterranean area by answering the following questions : - Where were the first Porto wine territories established ? How have they evolved during the different phases of globalization and according to which logic ? - How to explain the early diffusion (since the Modern Age) of Port wine on the globe and its long-lasting success with consumers internationally ? How to analyse, in particular, the « English taste » for Port wine, as well as the great success enjoyed by Port wine on the French and Portuguese markets from the second half of the 20th century ? - How to better understand the sharp downward trend in exports since the beginning of the 21st century ? Are we now witnessing a new crisis in the « Port wine planet » after nearly half a century of average growth of the export volume ? Or should we rather interpret this fall of the export curve as the evolution towards a certain form of modernity in terms of consumption ? - How do the various actors in the sector cope with the challenges raised by the globalization of the wine sector and the emergence of new consumer practices ? What is the place of territories and landscapes in the solutions they bring ? - Can the « Port wine sector » and the representations associated with this wine be considered as real levers of competitiveness and territorial development in the context of globalization ? - What can the recent developments in the organization of the sector as well as in consumer practices reveal about Portuguese society ?
O vinho do Porto, é um vinho extremamente generoso de origem portuguesa, é um vinho que se transforma pela adição de aguardente durante o processo de vinificação, conferindo-lhe um título alcoólico relativamente elevado entre 16.5 e 22 graus. É sem duvida um vinho que, pela sua fama e sucesso adquiridos ao longo dos séculos, consegue representar as cores da produção vitivinícola internacionalmente. Vinho cuja o terroir de produção, em meados do século XVIII, foi atribuída uma delimitação, bem como um regulamento muito preciso e rigoroso, o vinho do Porto é hoje exportado em mais de uma centena de país do mundo. Esta investigação tem como objetivo, de contribuir aos estudos geográficos da videira e do vinho do mundo mediterrâneo respondendo às seguintes questões : - Onde foram construídos os primeiros territórios do vinho do Porto ? Como eles evoluíram durante as diferentes fases da globalização e qual foi a lógica que seguiram ? - Como explicar a difusão antecipada (desde a Idade Moderna) do vinho do Porto, no mundo e durante um período mais longo, o seu sucesso duradouro com os consumidores a nível internacional ? Como analisar, em particular, o « gosto inglês » pelo vinho do Porto e o grande sucesso que o vinho do Porto desfruta nos mercados francês e português a partir da segunda metade do século XX ? - Como compreender esta forte tendência na queda das exportações desde o início do século XXI ? Estamos assistir a uma nova crise no « mundo do vinho do Porto » depois de quase meio século de crescimento médio do volume das exportações ? Ou deveríamos interpretar essa queda da curva das exportações como uma evolução, de uma certa forma de modernismo em termos de consumo ? - Como os diversos atores do setor lidam com os desafios suscitados, pela mundialização do setor vitivinícola e das novas práticas de consumo ? E que importância atribuem esses novos atores aos territórios e paisagens através da mundialização ? - Pode o sector vitivinícola do Porto e as representações associadas a este vinho, serem consideradas como verdadeiros instrumentos de competitividade e desenvolvimento territorial no âmbito da mundialização ? - O que podem revelar os recentes desenvolvimentos na organização do sector e práticas de consumo sobre a sociedade portuguesa ?
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Bilge, Gulsah. "Development of Monitoring Strategies to Inform Management Actions In support of Riparian Ecosystem Restorations:as applied to Clover Groff Stream Restoration." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338318227.
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Lindahl, Anna M. L. "Sources of pesticide losses to surface waters and groundwater at field and landscape scales." Uppsala : Dept. of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200950.pdf.
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Funkhouser, Todd. "Sentinels of The Anthropocene: Investigating an Architecture of The Contemporary Sublime." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623242131059292.
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Lima, Luis Marcelo Bolo. "Shopping Center e a problemática ambiental : o caso do Bourbon Wallig em Porto Alegre/RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/94676.
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As questões do ambiente e da natureza como um todo, tais como, preservação, conservação de ecossistemas, florestas, rios, descartes de dejetos líquidos, gasosos e sólidos, a colocação de elementos poluentes no solo, ar e água, são temas de extrema e extensa divulgação e discussão na mídia, na academia e na sociedade como um todo. A preocupação da sociedade, sensibilizada e temerosa por esta questão, uma vez que ela própria tornar-se vítima do processo de degradação do ambiente, é cada vez mais latente. Pessoas e empresas, aos poucos, tornam-se mais conscientes de suas necessidades e exigências de participação no processo de degradação e preservação do meio em que vivemos o que faz com que todos observem com profunda atenção, suas atitudes. As empresas, pressionadas pela mídia e pela sociedade e por uma legislação cada vez mais restritiva, veem-se obrigadas a agir cada vez mais de forma precavida, coerente e preocupada em relação ao ambiente. Assim, elas adotam estratégias empresarias frente às questões ambientais sem que, por outro lado, desconsiderem a sua lucratividade e seus ganhos, essenciais numa lógica empresarial, inserida no contexto do modelo econômico capitalista. Essa pesquisa, visa entender, quais passos e normativas legais as empresas de Shopping Center estabelecidas na cidade de Porto Alegre, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, mais precisamente o caso do Bourbon Shopping Wallig, necessitou seguir, para a implementação de seu empreendimento. Quais as medidas de mitigação e compensação aos impactos ambientais foram tomadas e baseadas em que normativas ou estudos. A pesquisa visa confirmar, também, se estas medidas tomadas, derivadas de sua implantação no local, desde sua construção - que alterou completamente a paisagem do local - até seus próprios elementos e suas técnicas de construção, seguiram as normas e exigências legais dos instrumentos utilizados para regrar esta obra. Além disso, se avalia quais foram efetivamente seus resultados na prática, analisando no empreendimento após sua conclusão, qual sua eficácia, seus resultados concretos e quais as manifestações que se obtém do mercado, na mídia e da sociedade em geral, frente a esta preocupação e às atitudes consideradas pró-ambientais.The issues of the environment and nature as a whole, such as preservation, ecosystems conservation, forests , rivers, liquids, gases and solid waste discharges and the placement of polluting elements in the land, air and water are issues of extreme and extensive dissemination and discussion through out the media, at the academy and society as a whole. Because of the population concern about this issue, they are becoming sensitized and fearful about it. They eventually will become victimized by the environmental degradation that has had a latent increase as time goes by. People and companies gradually have become more aware of their participation in the process of environment degradation in which they are living. This is making everyone aware of their attitude towards the environment. Companies have been increasingly pressured by the media and society and more restrictive laws are finding themselves obligated to act very cautious, concerned and consistent about the environment. They are applying business strategies in order to comply with environmental issues without disregarding their profitability and earnings which are essential in the logistic of the capitalist business model. This research aims to understand which steps and legal ways the mall companies and stores established in the town of Porto Alegre , Rio Grande do Sul State, more precisely at the Bourbon Shopping Wallig were needed and followed by this enterprise implementation project. It also aims to understand the mitigation and compensation towards the environmental impact that they have caused, all based upon professional studies. Due to the complete landscape changed during the mall construction, this research also wants to prove if the construction techniques had followed all legal regulations and rules that are required by law. Furthermore , one should consider if the practical results of this enterprise had been achieved after completion. We should also evaluate the efficacy, the real results, media, market manifestations, opinions and in a grand spectrum if the environmental worries had been respected and fulfilled.
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Mackmull, Marie-Therese [Verfasser], and Darren [Akademischer Betreuer] Gilmour. "The landscape of the nucleocytoplasmic transport system and cell-type specific variations of the nuclear pore complex / Marie-Therese Mackmull ; Betreuer: Darren Gilmour." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1180985680/34.
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Schonhoff, Bradley R. "Gaseous Carbon Emissions (Methane and Carbon Dioxide) from Wetland Soils in a Re-created Everglades Landscape." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2289.
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Reducing the rates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is critical in combatting global climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are the two most important carbon-based GHGs, for their atmospheric warming potential. Wetlands such as the Florida Everglades play major roles in the global carbon cycle, as varying hydrologic conditions lead to differential production rates of these two GHGs. This study measured CO2 and CH4 emissions in a re-created Everglades ridge-and-slough wetland, where water levels were controlled to reflect natural flood patterns. As expected, lower elevations were flooded longer and produced more CH4, while higher elevations produced more CO2. Since CH4 has a relatively high global warming potential, CO2 production would need to be 70 times that of CH4, to balance their GHG output. The average ratio of CO2 to CH4 across elevations was 22.0 (mol:mol), indicating that future water management within wetlands should consider GHG production potential.
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Spinola, Conrado Martignoni. "Influência dos padrões estruturais da paisagem na comunidade de mamíferos terrestres de médio e grande porte na Região do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-25072008-112528/.
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Os estudos estabelecendo relações entre os dados biológicos e padrões espaciais têm contribuído para o entendimento de fenômenos ecológicos em escalas regionais e locais, mesmo que, ainda pouco se saiba sobre esses fenômenos. O enfoque dado a este estudo está voltado a uma interpretação da paisagem, no âmbito ecológico, de forma a entender o comportamento das espécies em relação a sua estrutura. A paisagem deste estudo é composta por diversos elementos, naturais e antrópicos, tais como as plantações de eucalipto e Florestas Estacionais Semideciduais, sendo um fator determinante na composição e distribuição espacial das espécies que a compõem. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar as relações estruturais da paisagem e o comportamento das espécies que compõem a comunidade de mamíferos terrestres de médio e grande porte na região do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo. Essas espécies foram avaliadas a partir de levantamentos sistemáticos pelo método de amostragem \"parcelas de areia\", e a estrutura da paisagem caracterizada através das técnicas de geoprocessamento. Fez-se, ainda, a partir do centro de cada linha de amostragem, uma delimitação da paisagem com 1000 metros de raio, denominada área de influência. A partir das observações de campo constatou-se uma grande riqueza de espécies, totalizando 19 espécies. Destas, 17 espécies foram encontradas em ambiente de Florestas Estacionais Semideciduais e 11 espécies em ambiente de eucalipto, verificando-se certa similaridade de ocorrência para as espécies entre os ambientes amostrados. Através da análise da estrutura, por meio das métricas de paisagem (PLAND_NAT - porcentagem de vegetação nativa nas paisagens analisadas, PLAND_EUC - porcentagem de eucalipto nas paisagens analisadas, PLAND_EST - porcentagem de estradas nas paisagens analisadas, ED_NAT - densidade de borda de vegetação nativa, ENN_NAT - distância do fragmento mais próximo das paisagens analisadas), fez-se a caracterização das zonas de influência. Uma vez obtidas as informações acerca dos dados biológicos e dados da paisagem, realizaram-se as análises de regressão logística múltipla, onde foi verificado o poder de predição das variáveis ambientais em relação a algumas espécies da comunidade estudada. Individualmente, nenhuma variável ambiental pôde explicar a probabilidade de ocorrência das espécies, sendo que, quando utilizadas em conjunto, o poder de predição foi significativo para Leopardus sp. (gato-do-mato) Didelphis albiventris (gambá-de-orelha-branca), Nasua nasua (coati) e Sylvilagus brasiliensis (tapiti). Cada espécie percebe a paisagem de maneira diferente, que de acordo com os parâmetros estimados pelos modelos, Leopardus sp. e Didelphis albiventris apresentaram tendências positivas ao poder de explicação das variáveis PLAND_NAT e ENN_NAT, enquanto que, Nasua nasua uma tendência positiva para todas as variáveis e Sylvilagus brasiliensis uma tendência positiva a PLAND_EST e ENN_NAT. Embasar-se em modelos de predição para espécieschaves, seja em ambientes naturais ou antropizados, é bastante recomendado, pois a conservação de outras espécies pode estar diretamente vinculada. Para tanto, estudos de conservação enfocando comunidades e não apenas populações são interessantes, uma vez que podem abranger diferentes espécies com diferentes requerimentos. A configuração da paisagem, a partir das zonas de influência, pode ser uma amostra representativa da paisagem como um todo, auxiliando nas ações de conservação das espécies de maiores requerimentos ecológicos.Studies establishing relationships among biological data and spatial patterns have contributed to the understanding of ecological phenomena at regional and local scales, even that, little is known about these phenomena. The approach adopetd in this study is focused to an ecological interpretation of the landscape, in order to understand the behavior of the species in relation to its structure. The studied landscape is composed of several natural and anthropic elements, such as Eucalyptus plantations and Seasonal Semideciduous Forests, being a determining factor in the composition and spatial distribution of the species in the landscape. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the structural relationship of the landscape and the behavior of species that compose the community of medium and large terrestrial mammals, in the Vale do Ribeira region, State of São Paulo, Brazil. These species were evaluated through systematic surveys, known as \"sand plots\", and the landscape structure was characterized by geoprocessing techniques. Yet, from the center of each sampling row, a delimitation of the landscape was done, with 1000 meters in radius, denominated influence zones. From field observations, a great richness of species was verified, totaling 19 species. From these, 17 species were found in Seasonal Semideciduous Forests landscape and 11 species in Eucalyptus landscape, which made it possible to verify some similarity in the species occurrence among the sampled environments. Through structure analysis, using landscape metrics (PLAND_NAT - percentage of native vegetation in the analyzed landscape, PLAND_EUC - percentage of Eucalyptus in the analyzed landscape, PLAND_EST - percentage of roads in the analyzed landscape, ED_NAT - edge density in the native vegetation, ENN_NAT - distance from analyzed landscapes to the nearest native vegetation fragment), the characterization of influence zones was made. Once obtained the information concerning the biological data and landscape data, a multiple logistic regression analyses was performed, when it was verified the prediction power of the environmental variables in relation to some species of the studied community. Individually, no environmental variable could explain the probability of species occurrence, but when used together, the prediction power was significant for Leopardus sp., Didelphis albiventris (opossum), Nasua nasua (coati) and Sylvilagus brasiliensis (tapiti). Using prediction models for key-species, whether in natural or anthropic environments, is highly recommended, as the conservation of other species can be directly linked. Therefore, studies on conservation focusing on communities and not only in populations are interesting, because they may cover different species with different requirements. The configuration of the landscape, taken from the influence zones, can be a representative sample of the landscape as a whole, helping in the actions for the conservation of the species with greatest ecological requirements.
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Alves, Maísa Ziviani. "Caracterização da comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em paisagem agrícola fragmentada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-24092012-092113/.
Full textAbstract:
O avanço agrícola é uma das maiores causas da fragmentação de habitats, levando à diminuição e ao isolamento de áreas naturais. Assim, torna-se importante compreender qual papel da estrutura e dinâmica da paisagem na manutenção da biodiversidade local. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a estrutura de uma comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em paisagem fragmentada agrícola, considerando a estrutura e dinâmica da paisagem. O estudo foi realizado em unidades de paisagem (16 Km2) com matriz predominante de pasto (n = 2) e cana-de-açúcar (n = 3) (bacia do rio Corumbataí, São Paulo) de maio a outubro de 2010. O levantamento da comunidade de mamíferos foi realizado através de busca ativa por pegadas, em 15 transectos alocados nas margens de riachos, com distância percorrida padronizada em 200 m. No entorno de cada transecto foram gerados buffers (250, 500, 1000 e 2000 m de raio), para o cálculo de índices de estrutura (porcentagens dos usos do solo, densidade de drenagem, densidade de estradas e proximidade entre fragmentos) e de dinâmica (taxa anual de mudança e perfil da curva de mudança florestal) para cinco anos (1962, 1978, 1995, 2000 e 2008). A relação entre os índices de paisagem e a riqueza de espécies foi analisada através de um teste PCA (Análise de Componentes Principais), gerando um gráfico Biplot. Posteriormente, foi realizada regressão linear múltipla, para análise da influência da estrutura e dinâmica da paisagem sobre a riqueza de espécies e frequência de registros. Foram registradas 19 espécies, sendo 17 em unidades de cana-de-açúcar e 13 em unidades de pasto. A comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte, presente nestas matrizes da bacia do rio Corumbataí, é representada, em grande parte, por espécies tolerantes a alterações ambientais da região. A espécie com maior frequência de registros foi Procyon cancrivorus, de hábito generalista, como a maior parte dos animais registrados. Pelo gráfico Biplot, o buffer de 1000 m foi o que melhor distinguiu os sítios amostrais em relação às matrizes de cana-de-açúcar e pasto. A riqueza apresentou relação positiva com a porcentagem de áreas florestais e densidade de drenagem. Em contrapartida, a riqueza mostrou relação negativa com a porcentagem de pasto. A riqueza e a frequência de registros não apresentaram diferença estatística significativa entre as matrizes e também não houve relação significativa entre os índices de paisagem e as variáveis dependentes. A similaridade entre a composição de espécies das comunidades amostradas nas matrizes foi de 57%. As relações entre a estrutura desta comunidade e a paisagem necessitam de mais esforços para serem melhor compreendidas, já que o método de levantamento utilizado neste estudo, assim como a escala espaço-temporal, não permitiram descrever tais relações.Agricultural expansion is a major cause of habitat fragmentation, leading to a reduction and isolation of natural areas. It is therefore important to understand the role of agricultural landscape structure and dynamics in maintaining local biodiversity. We aimed to describe how the structure and dynamics of an agricultural landscape influenced the community of mid and large bodied mammals in the south of Brazil. From May to October 2010 we studied the mammal community in five 16 km2 landscape units located within the Corumbatai river basin, São Paulo. Landscape units contained a matrix of predominantly pasture (n = 2) and cane sugar (n = 3). We used track surveys along 15 transects (200m each) to sample the mammal community along river banks. To calculate indices of habitat structure and dynamics we generated buffers (250, 500, 1000 and 2000 m radius) around each of the transects. Within each of these distance buffers we calculated habitat structure indices (percentage of land use, drainage density, road density and proximity of fragments) and indices of habitat dynamics (annual rate of change and profile of the forest change curve) for five years (1962, 1978, 1995, 2000 and 2008). The relationship between landscape indices and species richness was analyzed through a PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and associated Biplot. Subsequently, multiple linear regression was performed to analyze the influence of landscape structure and dynamics on species richness and frequency of records. We recorded 19 species, 17 in cane sugar units and 13 in pasture units. The community of mid and large bodied mammals present in the habitat matrices of the Corumbataí river basin was represented mostly by generalist species tolerant of environmental changes. The most frequently recorded species was Procyon cancrivorus, a habit generalist. The PCA Biplot showed that the 1000m buffer was the one that best distinguished the sampling sites in relation to the sugar cane and pasture matrices. Species richness was positively related with the percentage of forested areas and drainage density. In contrast, richness was negatively related with the percentage of pasture. The richness and frequency of records showed no statistically significant difference between the two matrix types and there was no significant relationship between landscape indices and the dependent variables. The similarity between the species composition of the sampled communities in the matrices was 57%. Understanding the relationships between the composition of this community and the landscape structure and dynamics requires more efforts, as the survey method used in this study, and the spatiotemporal scale, do not permit the description of these relationships.
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Näsström, Anna. "Mémoire de licence Quand un paysage naît, un autre meurt : – Une analyse écocritique du roman Naissance d'un pont." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21116.
Full textAbstract:
Ce mémoire est constitué par une analyse écocritique du roman Naissance d'un pont, écrit par Maylis de Kerangal. Le but général du mémoire est d'examiner comment ce roman décrit la relation entre l'homme et la nature. Nous examinons surtout les stratégies narratives employées par l'auteure pour transmettre l'image de cette relation et en plus, nous discutons le rôle joué par les différents paysages se retrouvant dans le récit. Finalement, l'analyse comprend aussi une brève réflexion sur la capacité éventuelle du roman d'influencer l'attitude du lecteur envers l'écologie. L'analyse des stratégies narratives se concentre sur le rôle du narrateur, ainsi que sur la présence et la fonction des perspectives éthiques, des noms symboliques et des figures de style. Ces stratégies contribuent à dépeindre une variété d'idées par rapport aux modes de vie de la société humaine, alors que les descriptions des paysages démontrent la relation complexe entre cette société et les paysages naturels et construits respectivement. Naissance d'un pont semble promouvoir une attitude à l'égard de la nature qui est plus humble que celle dominant dans la société moderne. Afin de pouvoir juger la capacité du roman de transmettre ces valeurs au lecteur, il serait pourtant raisonnable de tenir compte de plusieurs facteurs, tels que la complexité du langage et le niveau de crédibilité de l'histoire.This essay consists of an ecocritical analysis of the novel Naissance d'un pont, written by Maylis de Kerangal. The essay's overall purpose is to examine how this novel describes the relationship between humans and nature. Above all, we look at the narrative strategies used by the author to convey the image of this relationship and moreover, we discuss the role of the different landscapes figuring in the novel. Finally, the analysis also includes a brief reflection on the novel's potential to influence the reader's attitude towards ecology. The analysis of narrative strategies focuses on the narrator's role, as well as the presence and function of ethical perspectives, symbolic names and figures of speech. These strategies contribute to depicting a variety of ideas concerning human lifestyles, whereas the descriptions of landscapes demonstrate the complex relationship between the human society and the natural and constructed landscapes respectively. Naissance d'un pont seems to promote a more humble attitude to nature than the one dominating in today's society. In order to evaluate the novel's capacity to transmit these values to the reader, it would however be reasonable to take several factors into account, such as the complexity of the language and the story's credibility level.
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Lopez, Rafael Sehn y. "Diagnóstico ambiental da sub-bacia do Arroio Moinho - Porto Alegre / RS : evolução urbana, dinâmica da paisagem e degradação ambiental." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/38645.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho de pesquisa almeja diagnosticar uma área do município de Porto Alegre, que apresenta uma grande problemática de uso e ocupação do solo. Uma área que apresenta grandes declividades e degradações ambientais que acarretam riscos a população residente, e também concentra um grande contingente da população do município em condições precárias de habitação e sanidade. Estes problemas ambientais estão relacionados principalmente com a contaminação de mananciais superficiais e subterrâneos em razão do inadequado saneamento, inundações urbanas devido à ocupação de áreas de várzea e desenvolvimento da drenagem urbana totalmente imprópria, ampliando os problemas. Além disso, verifica-se a inapropriada disposição de material sólido e a ocorrência de acidentes geológicos, comumente associados a movimentos de massa, como escorregamentos e rolamentos de blocos, que são os efeitos resultantes em áreas de elevada declividade e ocupação irregular, características marcantes da área de interesse desta pesquisa. A sub-bacia hidrográfica em estudo está localizada na porção central do município de Porto Alegre, constituindo uma sub-bacia do arroio Dilúvio pela sua margem, apresentando ocupação urbana de jusante para montante, em direção aos topos dos morros. Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo principal realizar um diagnóstico ambiental através da compartimentação da paisagem, analisando suas características físicas e suas dinâmicas, correlacionando à ocupação urbana sobre esta sub-bacia e seus possíveis processos de degradação, assim como os riscos ambientais inerentes. O conceito de paisagem como fator de integração de parâmetros físicos, bióticos e socioeconômicos, tem sido utilizado em estudos de impactos ambientais em diferentes empreendimentos, com importantes resultados, o que leva necessariamente ao reconhecimento da vulnerabilidade e potencialidade da natureza, segundo as diferentes unidades de paisagem. Busca-se, portanto, a compreensão integrada dos componentes da análise. A análise integrada parte de cada unidade de paisagem identificada, desenvolvendo o diagnóstico de acordo com suas características, identificando, a partir da dinâmica apresentada, as degradações existentes, em desenvolvimento ou possíveis, assim como os riscos ambientais.This research work aims to diagnose an area of the municipality of Porto Alegre, which presents a major problem of soil usage and occupation. An area that features large declividades and environmental degradations that entail risks the resident population, and also concentrates a large contingent of the population of the municipality in precarious conditions of housing and health. These environmental problems are mainly related with the contamination of surface and underground water sources in reason of inadequate sanitation, urban floods due to the occupation of lowland areas and development of urban drainage totally unfit, extending the problems. In addition, the inappropriate disposal of solid material and geological accidents, commonly associated with mass movements, such as slip and blocks, which are the effects resulting in areas of high slope and irregular occupation, striking features of this area of interest search. The Sub-basin under study is located in the central portion of the municipality of Porto Alegre, constituting a sub-basin of the Deluge by its margin, showing urban occupation of downstream to upstream, toward the tops of hills. This research work has as main objective to perform an environmental diagnosis through the subdivision of the landscape, analyzing its physical characteristics and their dynamics, correlating to urban settlement on this sub-basin and their possible degradation processes, as well as environmental risks inherent. The concept of landscape as a factor of integration of physical, biotic and socio-economic parameters, has been used in studies of environmental impacts in different ventures, with important results, which necessarily leads to the recognition of the vulnerability and potentiality of nature, according to the different landscape units. Therefore search the integrated understanding of the components of the analysis. The integrated analysis of each landscape unit identified, developing the diagnosis according to its characteristics, from identifying the dynamics presented, the existing degradations or development possible, as well as environmental risks.
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marcolin, enrico. "Post-fire restoration in Alpine environment: from the microsite to the landscape. Multi-scale approach for the definition of mitigation strategies." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423365.
Full textAbstract:
Forest fires in the Alps are increasing both in frequency and size, especially on southern slopes where environmental conditions are more suitable for fire ignition and spread. Post-fire restoration activities are often applied without considering the large heterogeneity and variability of ecological constraints. Fire severity, species composition and site characteristics heavily affect vegetation recovery dynamics.
The main objectives of this study were to test the hypothesis that post-fire burned wood management may greatly affect forest recovery and to identify the main environmental variables affecting seedling establishment and survival.
We investigated restoration dynamics following high severity crown fire in two forests located in Western (Bourra site - Aosta Valley) and Eastern (Barcis site - Friuli Venezia Giulia) Italian Alps. Fires burnt large area of pine forests (P. sylvestris, P. nigra) located on southern slopes, characterized by harsh conditions (dry environment with high solar radiation exposure). In both sites active restoration strategies were adopted in the following years. These practices consisted in Salvage logging (cut and deadwood removal) followed by plantation or not, and Cut and release (living deadwood on site). Passive management area (remnants of burnt stand trees, where no intervention occurred) was also considered and compared.
The recovery processes of vegetation were explored through methods of integrated analysis, using different spatial- and temporal-scale approaches. Field-data measures on regeneration, shelter elements and environmental variables were analyzed at microsite scale. Maps of fire severity were created by means of change-detection techniques on Landsat TM/ETM+ images. A scan through the time of forest recovery was performed associating regeneration and environmental data with Vegetation Indices (VIs) derived from a chronosequence of multispectral images. The evaluation of post-fire recovery dynamics, their relationships with fire severity and restoration activities are analyzed at a landscape scale, combining field-data, VIs, topographic and vegetation parameters extracted from LiDAR data. The influence of post-fire management on microclimate was investigated by means of instrumental measurements of environmental parameters affecting the regeneration dynamics. Measurements of soil temperature and moisture together with estimates of near-ground solar radiation were carried during a whole growing season within areas subjected to different restoration practices.
Differences in species composition were found in the study sites among treatments. Regeneration density and diversity were positively associated with deadwood presence. Early establishment of pine seedlings was associated with the presence of standing or lying deadwood. Conversely, Populus tremula, regenerating mostly vegetatively, showed a different behaviour from the other tree species.
Ground cover conditions contributed to patterns of seedling occurrence.
The strong spatial association of seedlings with deadwood suggests that this latter produces microsites that enhance the establishment of regeneration. The relationship between nurse deadwood elements and regeneration was found to be highly anisotropic, as a consequence of the higher protection from radiation and lower soil moisture loss in the shady sides of the shelter element. Marked differences in incoming solar radiation, soil moisture and temperature were detected among treatments, in particular, salvaged areas resulted strongly associated with severe environmental conditions. Higher fire severity diminishes seed availability reducing the seeders, thus the distance from seed source has emerged as an important constraint for pine regeneration establishment.
In relation to different spatio-temporal scales of analysis, this research reports a significant impact of the post-fire management actions on forest recovery. Restoration practices may significantly affect environmental parameters, particularly in stressful conditions,. The presence of burnt wood provides an amelioration of microsite reducing the extreme values, buffering microclimatic fluctuations thus favoring the establishment of regeneration. Standing and lying deadwood, also resulting from active management, should be leaved in situ during restoration activities.Gli incendi boschivi nelle Alpi presentano negli ultimi decenni un trend di crescita sia in frequenza che per superficie, in particolare sui versanti meridionali dove l’eventuale innesco e la rapida diffusione dell’incendio sono favorite dalle condizioni ambientali. Le attività di ripristino post-incendio vengono condotte spesso senza considerare le peculiarità dell’ambiente montano e la grande eterogeneità e variabilità dei principali parametri ecologico-ambientali. La severità dell’incendio, le caratteristiche del sito e la composizione specifica delle foreste coinvolte influiscono significativamente sulle dinamiche di ricostituzione della vegetazione. Gli obiettivi principali di questo studio consistono nel verificare l'ipotesi che la gestione post-incendio della necromassa legnosa possa significativamente influire sulle dinamiche di ricostituzione della foresta, e di individuare le principali variabili ambientali che condizionano l’insediamento e la sopravvivenza della rinnovazione. Per verificare tali ipotesi, le dinamiche di ricostituzione a seguito di incendi ad alta severità sono state analizzate in due foreste situate una nelle Alpi occidentali (sito di Bourra - Valle d'Aosta) e una in quelle orientali (sito di Barcis - Friuli Venezia Giulia). L’incendio ha interessato, in entrambi i siti, una estesa superficie di pineta (P. sylvestris, P. nigra), soprattutto su versanti aridi esposti a Sud (con elevata esposizione alle radiazioni solari e scarsa disponibilità idrica). In entrambi i casi, negli anni successivi all’incendio, sono stati effettuati interventi (trattamenti) di ricostituzione attiva: “Salvage logging” (taglio ed esbosco del materiale legnoso, talvolta seguito da rimboschimenti localizzati) e “Cut and release” (taglio e rilascio a terra del materiale legnoso). A tali tipologie si sono contrapposte e comparate aree a “Passive management” (ricostituzione passiva, aree in cui non si sono effettuati interventi). Le dinamiche di ricostituzione della vegetazione sono state valutate integrando differenti metodi di analisi applicati a diverse scale sia spaziali che temporali. A scala di microsito si sono rilevati, per ogni semenzale, i principali parametri ambientali e l’eventuale presenza nelle vicinanze di necromassa e/o massi. Applicando tecniche di change-detection a opportuni indici di stato della vegetazione (Vegetation Indices - VIs), derivati da immagini Landsat TM/ETM+ (pre- e post-incendio), si sono definite delle cartografie di severità dell’incendio per ciascun sito. Associando i VIs estratti da una crono-sequenza di immagini multispettrali con i rilievi dei dati ambientali e della rinnovazione, si sono individuate le dinamiche di ricostituzione della vegetazione. Si sono inoltre valutate, a scala di paesaggio, le relazioni fra la severità dell’incendio e i patterns della rinnovazione associati ai diversi trattamenti. A tale scopo, sono stati utilizzati dati topografici e strutturali della vegetazione estratti da dati LiDAR. L’influenza dei trattamenti sui principali parametri microclimatici è stata valutata per mezzo di misure strumentali di campo. In tale campagna di misure si sono monitorate la temperatura e l’umidità del suolo, unitamente alla stima della radiazione solare al suolo. Differenze significative si sono evidenziate nella composizione specifica della rinnovazione tra i trattamenti. Densità di rinnovazione e diversità specifica sono risultate positivamente correlate con la presenza di necromassa legnosa. Un precoce insediamento della rinnovazione di pino si è evidenziato nelle aree ove vi fosse presenza di materiale legnoso a terra o piante morte in piedi. Il pioppo tremolo, specie rinnovatasi prevalentemente per via vegetativa, ha invece evidenziato una dinamica di ricolonizzazione diversa dalle altre specie arboree. Anche le condizioni di copertura del suolo hanno contribuito alla definizione dei patterns di ricostituzione della copertura vegetale. L’evidente associazione spaziale fra semenzali della rinnovazione ed elementi di necromassa conferma l’ipotesi che uest’ultima contribuisca in maniera determinante alla creazione di micrositi idonei all’insediamento della rinnovazione stessa. L’effetto di facilitazione prodotto dalla necromassa legnosa, nei riguardi dell’insediamento dei semenzali, è risultato altamente anisotropo; ciò sembra associato all’ombreggiamento prodotto dallo shelter legnoso sul semenzale, che proteggendo il microsito dall’eccessivo carico radiativo consente anche la conservazione di adeguati livelli di umidità nel terreno. Notevoli differenze di radiazione solare, di umidità e temperatura del suolo sono stati riscontrati tra i trattamenti, in particolare, le aree gestite a salvage logging risultano essere associate a condizioni microclimatiche piuttosto critiche per la rinnovazione. Nelle aree percorse dal fuoco ad alta severità, la disponibilità di seme è diminuita consistentemente a causa della drastica riduzione di piante porta-seme. Ciò ha permesso di individuare la distanza dalle piante porta-seme quale fattore determinante per l’insediamento della rinnovazione di Pinus. In relazione alle diverse scale spazio-temporali di analisi, questa ricerca evidenzia un impatto significativo dei trattamenti nei riguardi delle dinamiche di ricostituzione della vegetazione forestale. La gestione del post-incendio può incidere in maniera significativa sulle condizioni del microclima, in particolare in situazioni ambientali critiche per la rinnovazione (p.es aridità dei versanti). La presenza di necromassa legnosa consente la formazione di micrositi nei quali i valori estremi e le fluttuazioni dei parametri microclimatici si riducono, creando condizioni favorevoli per l’insediamento e la sopravvivenza dei semenzali. Per tale motivo, risulta opportuno il rilascio di piante morte in piedi o di materiale legnoso a terra durante le operazioni di ricostituzione attiva post-incendio.