Journal articles: 'Porphyra'

1

Park, Jin-Hee, and Jae-Geun Koo. "Structural Features of Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Porphyran Isolated from Porphyra yezoensis." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 6 (December 30, 2011): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2011.0630.

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Yamasaki, Takashi, Yuka Miyazaki, and Yuto Kamei. "Isolation of bacteria that decompose major polysaccharides in the cell wall of the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis and their application for protoplast production." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-070.

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We attempted to screen for bacteria that could decompose major polysaccharides in the cell wall of the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis from Porphyra-culturing farms to enable simple and high-yield preparation of protoplasts with the crude enzyme from a single bacterial origin. A total of 275 positive bacterial strains were isolated by enrichment culture supplemented with Porphyra powder or xylan. Nine strains were capable of producing protoplasts from Porphyra thalli in a 10-fold concentrated culture broth. These strains were identified as two Flavobacterium spp., one Alteromonas sp., four Acinetobacter spp., and two Vibrio spp. The crude enzymes of these bacteria could release 106 protoplast cells from 0.1 g of Porphyra thalli. The crude enzyme from Alteromonas sp. strain ND137 produced the most protoplasts among the nine strains tested. Moreover, an assay of the crude enzymes from the nine bacterial strains for glycosidase activity against four major polysaccharides (xylan, mannan, porphyran, and cellulose) of P. yezoensis revealed strong decomposing activity against these polysaccharides. Xylanase activity was highest in these glycosidases, suggesting that xylanase might be a very important factor in producing protoplasts from Porphyra thalli.Key words: Porphyra, cell wall, bacteria, decomposing polysaccharide.

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3

Broom, J. E., W. A. Nelson, W. A. Jones, C. Yarish, R. Aguilar Rosas, and L. E. Aguilar Rosas. "PORPHYRA SUBORBICULATA, PORPHYRA CAROLINENSIS AND PORPHYRA LILLIPUTIANA ‐ THREE NAMES FOR ONE SMALL PORPHYRA." Journal of Phycology 36, s3 (December 2000): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.00001-21.x.

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4

Ryu, Soung-Ryual. "Study on Manufactute of Porphyran Jam and Eppiciency Extraction Method of Porphyran from Porphyra yezoensis." Journal of the Korean Oil Chemists Society 30, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 504–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2013.30.3.504.

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5

Cao, Jin, Shi Cheng Wang, Liu Wei Xu, Jia Bing He, and Xi Ming Xu. "Extraction of Porphyran from Porphyra yezoensis for Gel Formulation Preparation." Key Engineering Materials 636 (December 2014): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.636.133.

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Porphyran, which structure is similar with carrageenan and agarose, has application potential in drug form developmentas a new pharmaceutical material. Orthogonal experiment was employed to optimizethe porphyran extraction conditions from porphyra yezoensis. The extraction temperature, pH, ratio of liquid to raw material and extraction time were confirmed as 90°C, 11, 30:1 and 3h, respectively.The polysaccharide structure detected by IR spectra was consistent with porphyran, which was suitable for gel formulation preparation.

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Kawamura, Y., K. Yokoo, M. Tojo, and M. Hishiike. "Distribution of Pythium porphyrae, the Causal Agent of Red Rot Disease of Porphyrae spp., in the Ariake Sea, Japan." Plant Disease 89, no. 10 (October 2005): 1041–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-1041.

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Distribution of Pythium porphyrae, the causal agent of red rot disease of Porphyra spp., in seafloor sediment was investigated in the Ariake Sea, Japan. A total of 170 samples of each 200 ml of sediment was collected from the seafloor at a total of 13 sites across the sea from 1998 to 2002. Each sample was filtered through two layers of nylon mesh with pore sizes of 100 and 15 μm. The residue on 15 μm mesh was assayed by a soil plating technique using a semiselective medium for P. porphyrae and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers. P. porphyrae were detected in 6 out of 13 sites and 2 out of 10 sites surveyed by soil plating and PCR, respectively. The representative isolate of P. porphyrae from the sediment was identical to the Porphyra thallus isolate from the same sea based on pathogenicity to the thallus, morphology, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Recovery of P. porphyrae propagules in the sediment was up to 60 CFU per 100 ml of the fresh sample and was consistently higher in May than in the other months. The results suggest that P. porphyrae is distributed in the seafloor sediment in a wide area of the Ariake Sea.

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7

Tam, Carol E., Kathleen M. Cole, and David J. Garbary. "In situ and in vitro studies on the endophytic red algae Audouinella porphyrae and A. vaga (Acrochaetiales)." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-068.

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Audouinella porphyrae (Drew) Garbary and A. vaga (Drew) Garbary et al., endophytic species of Acrochaetiaceae growing in Porphyra and Pterosiphonia, respectively, were studied in the field and in culture. Host plants were common at Point No Point, Vancouver Island, from February to October, but endophytes were found only from May to October. Initial infections of both endophytes were in either the basal portions (species of Porphyra) or in the large principal axes (Pterosiphonia bipinnata) of the hosts. Although the endophytes had different morphologies when growing in situ, the species were morphologically similar when grown free of their host. Attempts to reinfect the original hosts and to cross infect the alternate hosts were unsuccessful, and the isolates of Audouinella produced epiphytic plants in mixed culture. In all culture situations plants reproduced asexually by means of recycling generations of monosporangial plants. The two species are considered conspecific, and A. vaga is reduced to synonymy under A. porphyrae.

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8

Adão, Pedro, João Reboleira, Marco Teles, Beatriz Santos, Nádia Ribeiro, Carlos M. Teixeira, Mafalda Guedes, João Costa Pessoa, and Susana Bernardino. "Enhancement of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Porphyran through Chemical Modification with Tyrosine Derivatives." Molecules 26, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 2916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102916.

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The chemical modification of porphyran hydrocolloid is attempted, with the objective of enhancing its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Sulfated galactan porphyran is obtained from commercial samples of the red algae Porphyra dioica using Soxhlet extraction with water at 100 °C and precipitation with isopropyl alcohol. The extracted porphyran is then treated with modified L-tyrosines in aqueous medium in the presence of NaOH, at ca. 70 °C. The modified tyrosines L1 and L2 are prepared through a Mannich reaction with either thymol or 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, respectively. While the reaction with 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol yields the expected tyrosine derivative, a mixture of products is obtained with thymol. The resulting polysaccharides are structurally characterized and the respective antioxidant and antimicrobial activities are determined. Porphyran treated with the N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl-benzyl)-L-tyrosine derivative, POR-L2, presents a noticeable superior radical scavenging and antioxidant activity compared to native porphyran, POR. Furthermore, it exhibited some antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The surface morphology of films prepared by casting with native and modified porphyrans is studied by SEM/EDS. Both POR and POR-L2 present potential applicability in the production of films and washable coatings for food packaging with improved protecting characteristics.

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9

Kim, Su Yeon, Won Kyong Cho, Hye-In Kim, Seung Hye Paek, Sung Joo Jang, Yeonhwa Jo, Hoseong Choi, Jeong Hun Lee, and Sang Hyun Moh. "Transcriptome Profiling of Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells in response to Porphyra-334 Treatment by RNA-Seq." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (January 13, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6637513.

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Porphyra-334 is a kind of mycosporine-like amino acid absorbing ultraviolet-A. Here, we characterized porphyra-334 as a potential antiaging agent. An in vitro assay revealed that porphyra-334 dramatically promoted collagen synthesis in fibroblast cells. The effect of porphyra-334 on cell proliferation was dependent on the cell type, and the increase of cell viability by porphyra-334 was the highest in keratinocyte cells among the three tested cell types. An in vivo clinical test with 22 participants demonstrated the possible role of porphyra-334 in the improvement of periorbital wrinkles. RNA-sequencing using human follicle dermal papilla (HFDP) cells upon porphyra-334 treatment identified the upregulation of metallothionein- (MT-) associated genes, confirming the antioxidant role of porphyra-334 with MT. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in nuclear chromosome segregation and the encoding of components of kinetochores was upregulated by porphyra-334 treatment. Furthermore, we found that several genes associated with the hair follicle cycle, the hair follicle structure, the epidermal structure, and stem cells were upregulated by porphyra-334 treatment, suggesting the potential role of porphyra-334 in hair follicle growth and maintenance. In summary, we provided several new pieces of evidence of porphyra-334 as a potential antiaging cosmetic agent and elucidated the expression network in HFDP cells upon porphyra-334.

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10

Nishide, Eiichi, Mitsunori Ohno, Hirosi Anzai, and Naoyuki Uchida. "Studies on porphyran from Porphyra yezoensis UEDA F. narawaensis MIURA. I. Extraction of porphyran from Porphyra yezoensis UEDA F. narawaensis MIURA." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 54, no. 12 (1988): 2189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.54.2189.

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11

Li, Weidong, Zhihong Wei, Boyang Wang, Yuan Liu, Haoqiang Song, Zhiyong Tang, Bai Yang, and Siyu Lu. "Carbon quantum dots enhanced the activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction in ruthenium-based electrocatalysts." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 1 (2020): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00618d.

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The Ru supported on Porphyra-CQDs exhibited better dispersibility and the highest activity compared with biomass Porphyra and Porphyra activated carbon owing to the strong coordination interactions between Ru and CQDs.

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12

JUNG, Bok-Mi, Tai-Sun SHIN, Hyung-Rak KIM, Kyoo-Jin JUNG, and Seon-Bong KIM. "Effect of Porphyran Isolated from Laver, Porphyra yezoensis on Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium Contents in Hyperlipidemic Rats." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 36, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2003.36.3.220.

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13

Lindstrom, Sandra C., and Kathleen M. Cole. "A revision of the species of Porphyra (Rhodophyta: Bangiales) occurring in British Columbia and adjacent waters." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 2066–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-256.

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Starch gel electrophoresis of proteins of Porphyra species occurring in British Columbia and nearby areas has provided new data on species identities. One new species is described, Porphyra kurogii (formerly identified as North Pacific P. purpurea), and its eastern Pacific distribution limit is extended from northern to southern British Columbia. Porphyra maculosa is recognized to be a taxonomic synonym of P. fucicola; new distribution records are provided. Porphyra cuneiformis is the correct name for specimens formerly identified as P. miniata in the area, and P. occidentalis is the correct name for most local specimens of P. "variegata." A key to the 21 species and 2 subspecies of Porphyra currently recognized in Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, and southeast Alaska is provided. The key includes the recently described P. mumfordii, P. fallax ssp. fallax, and P. fallax ssp. conwayae. Key words: isozymes, key, Porphyra, taxonomy.

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14

Geng, Lihua, Jing Wang, Zhongshan Zhang, Yang Yue, and Quanbin Zhang. "Structure and Bioactivities of Porphyrans and Oligoporphyrans." Current Pharmaceutical Design 25, no. 11 (August 6, 2019): 1163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190430111725.

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Background: Pyropia (Porphyra), commonly known as nori or laver, is an important food source in many parts of the world. Edible dried Pyropia contains numerous nutrients and biofunctional components, including proteins, vitamins, eicosapentaenoic acid, minerals, carotenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids, and carbohydrate, and one of the compounds which we are interested in is porphyran, a sulfated polysaccharide comprising the hot-water-soluble portion of Pyropia cell walls. Researchers have performed a large number of in-depth studies on the biological activity and potential therapeutic applications of porphyrans and oligoporphyrans. Methods: This mini review aims to provide comprehensive and update overview on the source, extraction, structure, biological activities and structure-activity relationships of porphyrans and oligoporphyrans based on the studies in the past 30 years which were included in Web of Science. Results: The structure of porphyran has been basically determined given that its straight chain is relatively simple, and the skeleton structure has been described. The extraction methods were simplified continuously, but different extraction methods and post- processing methods still had great influence on the structure and composition of porphyran, so there was no standardized extraction process which can achieve quality control until now. In order to obtain oligoporphyrans, there are a variety of degradation methods, including chemical method, physical method and enzymatic method, but it is worth mentioning that specific degradation enzyme is still unavailable. Studies on the biological and pharmacology properties include antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, anti-cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and drug delivery. Conclusion: Owing to the therapeutic potential and drug delivery applications, porphyran and oligoporphyrans are expected to be further developed as a medicine against human diseases, as well as a supplement in cosmetics and health products.

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Bhatia, Saurabh, Permender Rathee, Kiran Sharma, B. B. Chaugule, Nabanita Kar, and Tanmoy Bera. "Immuno-modulation effect of sulphated polysaccharide (porphyran) from Porphyra vietnamensis." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 57 (June 2013): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.012.

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16

Yi, Li‐Tao, Man‐Man Zhang, Jie Cheng, Hui‐Qi Wan, Cheng‐Fu Li, Ji‐Xiao Zhu, Qiu‐Ping Zhang, Qing Liu, and Guang‐Hui Xu. "Antidepressant‐like Effects of Degraded Porphyran Isolated from Porphyra haitanensis." Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 65, no. 9 (April 14, 2021): 2000869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202000869.

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17

Li, Ying Chang, Ya Li Wang, and Zuo Wei Li. "Optimization of Extraction Process of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Porphyra by Response Surface Methodology." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.526.

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Polysaccharide from Porphyra is a kind of important biological active substance. Therefore，it is significant to effectively develop and utilize the polysaccharide from porphyra and improve the economic and social benefits of porphyra. In this paper, polysaccharide was extracted by the method of hot water immersed extraction and ethanol precipitation. Extraction process of water-soluble polysaccharides from Porphyra was optimized by response surface methodology. The content of polysaccharide was determined by sulfuric acid to phenol method. The results show that the extraction time is 4.4 h, extraction temperature is 88°Cand the ratio of material to liquid is1:42(g/mL). Polysaccharide is precipitated with 5 folds volume of ethanol for 6 h. The proportion of the extraction of the porphyra polysaccharide under this industrial process conditions is 10.012%.

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Li, Ying Chang, Xiao Zhang, and Jian Rong Li. "Extraction of Polyphenols from Porphyra and Scavenging Activity of Oxygen Free Radicals." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.531.

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Polyphenols from Porphyra are important biological active substances. The effects of temperature, times, ethanol concentration and liquid to solid ratio were studied for the extraction yield of polyphenols from Porphyra through a single-factor exploration.Then, through an orthogonal experiment, it was investigated to get the best extraction conditions. The content of polyphenols was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Scavenging ability to oxygen free radicals was also assessed. The results show that extraction temperature is 75°C, the extraction time is 2.5 h, ethanol concentration is 70% and the ratio of liquid to solid is 25:1(mL/g).The proportion of the extraction of the polyphenols from Porphyra under these industrial process conditions is 6.263mg/g. Polyphenols from Porphyra have strong scavenging hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical. IC50 of polyphenols from Porphyra on hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical is 0.405 mg/mL, 0.539mg/mL, respectively.

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Kerwin, James L., Lisa M. Johnson, Howard C. Whisler, and Amy R. Tuininga. "Infection and morphogenesis of Pythium marinum in species of Porphyra and other red algae." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 1017–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-126.

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A strain of Pythium marinum (Peronosporales: Pythiaceae) from Puget Sound, Washington, was isolated from lesions of Porphyra nereocystis. The fungus grew on a modified Vishniac medium, from temperatures of 4 to 25 °C, although growth was slow at the lowest temperature. Sexual and asexual reproduction also occurred within this temperature range. Mycelium diluted in seawater initiated zoospore release within 16 h and continued to release zoospores for over 200 h at temperatures from 4 to 20 °C. Zoospore encystment on several species of marine red, brown, and green algae was readily monitored following staining with lactophenol – cotton blue. Pythium marinum zoospore encystment occurred on rhodophyceaen species, including Porphyra (gametophytes), Gigartina exasperata (tetrasporophyte), Mastocarpus papillatus (gametophyte), Prionitis lanceolata (nonfertile), and Iridaea heterocarpa (gametophyte and tetrasporophyte), but not on Nereocystis leutkeana or Ulva lactuca. Over 50% of zoospores held in half-strength seawater at 4 and 20 °C encysted within 24 h, whereas those held at 12 °C reached 50% encystment only after 32 h. For 4-mm diameter discs of Porphyra nereocystis and Porphyra perforata (formerly Porphyra sanjuanensis) blades, there was only a transient relationship between cell damage and number of encysted zoospores. Zoospores did not attach to the conchocelis phase of two species of Porphyra. Sequential extraction of carbohydrates from the blades of Porphyra perforata implicated separate chemical signals for zoospore encystment and appressorium formation prior to the initiation of blade invasion. Addition of diverse monosaccharides and polysaccharides to zoospore suspensions suggested that these chemical signals are specific, with the attachment–encystment signal chemically related to polysaccharides consisting of sulfated or nonsulfated galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose found in commercial agars and carrageenans. There was no consistent relationship between zoospore encystment and the amount of 3,6-anhydrogalactose present in the blade phase of several species of red algae. Key words: Pythium, Porphyra, zoospore, encystment, sulfated galactans, 3,6-anhydrogalactose.

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OSUMI, YUKIHIRO, MASANOBU KAWAI, HIDEOMI AMANO, and HIROYUKI NODA. "Physiological activities of oligosaccharides derived from marine algae Porphyra yezoensis Porphyran." Fisheries science 68, sup2 (2002): 1441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/fishsci.68.sup2_1441.

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21

Fukui, Youhei, Mahiko Abe, Masahiro Kobayashi, Yushi Shimada, Hiroaki Saito, Hiroshi Oikawa, Yutaka Yano, and Masataka Satomi. "Sulfitobacter porphyrae sp. nov., isolated from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_2 (February 1, 2014): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.053090-0.

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Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, halophilic bacteria, designated SCM-1T, LCM10-1 and CTBL-B-147, were isolated from modified half-strength SWM-III medium, PES medium and thalli after laboratory cultivation of a red alga, Porphyra yezoensis. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolates were affiliated to the genus Sulfitobacter of the class Alphaproteobacteria , and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of the new isolates with the closest related species, Sulfitobacter mediterraneus CH-B427T, was 98.8 %. The DNA G+C contents of the new isolates were in the range of 61.4–62.3 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain SCM-1T with other type strains of the genus Sulfitobacter were less than 15.9 %. The new isolates contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified amino lipid and an unidentified lipid as the main polar lipids, and C18 : 1ω7c, C19 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids (>10 % of the total). Strain SCM-1T could be differentiated from Sulfitobacter mediterraneus JCM 21792T by 35 morphological and phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of the phylogenetic, genetic and phenotypic properties of the new isolates, the name Sulfitobacter porphyrae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain SCM-1T ( = LMG 27110T = NBRC 109054T) as the type strain.

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Suh, Sung-Suk, Se Kyung Oh, Sung Gu Lee, Il-Chan Kim, and Sanghee Kim. "Porphyra-334, a mycosporine-like amino acid, attenuates UV-induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells." Acta Pharmaceutica 67, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acph-2017-0015.

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Abstract The main aim of the current research was to study the effect of porphyra-334, one of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), well known as UV-absorbing compounds, on UVinduced apoptosis in human immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Due to their UV-screening capacity and ability to prevent UV-induced DNA damage, MAAs have recently attracted considerable attention in both industry and research in pharmacology. Herein, human HaCaT cells were used to determine the biological activities of porphyra- 334 by various in vitro assays, including proliferation, apoptosis and Western blot assays. The proliferation rate of UV-irradiated HaCaT cells was significantly decreased compared to the control group. Pretreatment with porphyra- 334 markedly attenuated the inhibitory effect of UV and induced a dramatic decrease in the apoptotic rate. Expression of active caspase-3 protein was increased in response to UV irradiation, while caspase-3 levels were similar between cells treated with porphyra-334 and the non-irradiated control group. Taken together, our data suggest that porphyra-334 inhibits UV-induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells through attenuation of the caspase pathway.

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Klochkova, T. A., and G. H. Kim. "Diseases of the red seaweed Pyropia (= Porphyra) in Korean sea farms." Bulletin оf Kamchatka State Technical University, no. 32 (2015): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17217/2079-0333-2015-32-48-52.

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Zhao, Tingting, Quanbin Zhang, Huimin Qi, Hong Zhang, Xizhen Niu, Zuhong Xu, and Zhien Li. "Degradation of porphyran from Porphyra haitanensis and the antioxidant activities of the degraded porphyrans with different molecular weight." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 38, no. 1 (February 2006): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2005.12.018.

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Lind, Vibeke, Martin R. Weisbjerg, Grete M. Jørgensen, Júlia E. Fernandez-Yepes, Lesly Arbesú, and Eduarda Molina-Alcaide. "Ruminal Fermentation, Growth Rate and Methane Production in Sheep Fed Diets Including White Clover, Soybean Meal or Porphyra sp." Animals 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10010079.

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The aim of the present work was to investigate the potential of Porphyra sp. as an alternative source of protein to soybean meal in diets for sheep. Our experimental treatments included a control diet (CON) based on grass silage and crushed oats and three diets containing protein supplements, clover silage (CLO), soybean meal (SOY) or Porphyra sp. (POR) to increase dietary crude protein concentrations. We studied its effects on rumen fermentation, growth rate and methane emissions. Ruminal fermentation characteristics, kinetics of gas production and methane production were studied in vitro by using batch cultures inoculated with rumen inoculum from sheep. There were no differences among diets in total volatile fatty acids (VFA) production or in the VFA profile in vitro. Across treatments, we measured no differences in methane production either in vitro or in vivo, and we saw no noticeable antimethanogenic effect of Porphyra sp. The present in vivo trial with lambs showed no differences in average daily weight gain when fed diets including Porphyra sp. or soybean meal diets (250 and 254 g/d, respectively). We conclude that Porphyra sp. has a protein value similar to high-quality protein sources like soybean meal.

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DUMILAG, RICHARD V., ZAE-ZAE A. AGUINALDO, CYNTHIA B. MINTU, MYRNA P. QUINTO, EVELYN C. AME, ROLANDO C. ANDRES, WILBERTO D. MONOTILLA, et al. "A review of the current taxonomic status of foliose Bangiales (Rhodophyta) in the Philippines." Phytotaxa 312, no. 1 (July 4, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.3.

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Causes of taxonomic confusion are lamentably well known in foliose Bangiales. A magnitude of these uncertainties stems from the paucity of available taxonomic traits in morphologically homoplastic species. At present, the taxonomic identity and systematics of many of the Philippine foliose Bangiales are in a state of flux. A critical examination of published literature on Philippine records of 10 species of foliose Bangiales has rendered the need for re-confirmation of the presence of Porphyra atropurpurea, Porphyra marcosii, Pyropia denticulata, and Pyropia suborbiculata while records of Porphyra umbilicalis, Pyropia vietnamensis, Wildemania variegata, and the invalid name Porphyra crispata have been omitted from the list. Currently, there are only two confirmed species of foliose Bangiales in the Philippines, which are Pyropia acanthophora and Pyropia tanegashimensis. Thus, this review exhorts a re-examination of collected Philippine foliose Bangiales materials using both morphological and molecular analysis.

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Qiu, Yanjun, Hong Jiang, Linlan Fu, Fangfang Ci, and Xiangzhao Mao. "Porphyran and oligo-porphyran originating from red algae Porphyra: Preparation, biological activities, and potential applications." Food Chemistry 349 (July 2021): 129209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129209.

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Liu, Zhiwei, Tianheng Gao, Ying Yang, Fanxin Meng, Fengping Zhan, Qichen Jiang, and Xian Sun. "Anti-Cancer Activity of Porphyran and Carrageenan from Red Seaweeds." Molecules 24, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 4286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234286.

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Seaweeds are some of the largest producers of biomass in the marine environment and are rich in bioactive compounds that are often used for human and animal health. Porphyran and carrageenan are natural compounds derived from red seaweeds. The former is a characteristic polysaccharide of Porphyra, while the latter is well known from Chondrus, Gigartina, and various Eucheuma species, all in Rhodophyceae. The two polysaccharides have been found to have anti-cancer activity by improving immunity and targeting key apoptotic molecules and therefore deemed as potential chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents. This review attempts to review the current study of anti-cancer activity and the possible mechanisms of porphyran and carrageenan derived from red seaweeds to various cancers, and their cooperative actions with other anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents is also discussed.

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Niwa, Kyosuke, and Atsushi Kobiyama. "Research Note: Simple molecular discrimination of cultivated Porphyra species (Porphyra yezoensis and Porphyra tenera) and related wild species (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)." Phycological Research 57, no. 4 (December 2009): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2009.00549.x.

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30

Turner, Nancy J. "The ethnobotany of edible seaweed (Porphyra abbottae and related species; Rhodophyta: Bangiales) and its use by First Nations on the Pacific Coast of Canada." Canadian Journal of Botany 81, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b03-029.

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Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy is a nutritionally and culturally important species of red alga used by First Peoples of coastal British Columbia and neighbouring areas. This species, along with Porphyra torta and possibly others, is still harvested from wild populations in large quantities, dried and processed, and served in a variety of ways: toasted as a snack, cooked with clams, salmon eggs, or fish in soup, or sprinkled on other foods as a condiment. It is also a valued trade and gift item, especially on the central and northern coasts of British Columbia and Alaska. Common linguistic origin of the majority of names for this species among some 16 language groups in five language families indicates widespread exchange of knowledge about this seaweed from southern Vancouver Island north to Alaska. Coastal indigenous people have expressed concerns about potential commercialization of Porphyra and impacts from pollution and global climate change.Key words: Porphyra abbottae, Northwest Coast, traditional food, Aboriginal people, marine algae, edible seaweed.

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Dawe, Robert. "An overview of the cutaneous porphyrias." F1000Research 6 (October 30, 2017): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10101.1.

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This is an overview of the cutaneous porphyrias. It is a narrative review based on the published literature and my personal experience; it is not based on a formal systematic search of the literature. The cutaneous porphyrias are a diverse group of conditions due to inherited or acquired enzyme defects in the porphyrin–haem biosynthetic pathway. All the cutaneous porphyrias can have (either as a consequence of the porphyria or as part of the cause of the porphyria) involvement of other organs as well as the skin. The single commonest cutaneous porphyria in most parts of the world is acquired porphyria cutanea tarda, which is usually due to chronic liver disease and liver iron overload. The next most common cutaneous porphyria, erythropoietic protoporphyria, is an inherited disorder in which the accumulation of bile-excreted protoporphyrin can cause gallstones and, rarely, liver disease. Some of the porphyrias that cause blistering (usually bullae) and fragility (clinically and histologically identical to porphyria cutanea tarda) can also be associated with acute neurovisceral porphyria attacks, particularly variegate porphyria and hereditary coproporphyria. Management of porphyria cutanea tarda mainly consists of visible-light photoprotection measures while awaiting the effects of treating the underlying liver disease (if possible) and treatments to reduce serum iron and porphyrin levels. In erythropoietic protoporphyria, the underlying cause can be resolved only with a bone marrow transplant (which is rarely justifiable in this condition), so management consists particularly of visible-light photoprotection and, in some countries, narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy. Afamelanotide is a promising and newly available treatment for erythropoietic protoporphyria and has been approved in Europe since 2014.

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Varela-Álvarez, Elena, Ana C. Balau, Cristina Paulino, Estibaliz Berecibar, Gareth A. Pearson, and Ester A. Serrão. "Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the red alga Porphyra umbilicalis." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 16, no. 4 (December 14, 2017): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147926211700034x.

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AbstractThe red algal genus Porphyra is sister to the genus Pyropia, the single most valuable marine crop in the Orient. We developed microsatellite loci for the red alga Porphyra umbilicalis, a widespread species in the Northern Atlantic. Enriched DNA libraries were constructed and 68 loci were screened for amplification and polymorphism. Seven polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated using 44 individuals collected from four natural populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 12. Null alleles were detected in three loci. Among the markers reported, we tested also cross-amplification with two other Porphyra spp. These polymorphic microsatellite markers should be useful for investigating population genetic structure of P. umbilicalis in the North East Atlantic.

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BROOM, J. E., W. A. NELSON, C. YARISH, W. A. JONES, R. AGUILAR ROSAS, and L. E. AGUILAR ROSAS. "A reassessment of the taxonomic status of Porphyra suborbiculata, Porphyra carolinensis and Porphyra lilliputiana (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morphological data." European Journal of Phycology 37, no. 2 (May 2002): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967026202003566.

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Park, Sung-Woo, and Dae-Hyun Kim. "Effects of a Commercial Activating Treatment Agent on Cultured Porphyra yezoensis thalli." Journal of fish pathology 26, no. 3 (December 31, 2013): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7847/jfp.2013.26.3.275.

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Isaka, Shogo, Kichul Cho, Satoru Nakazono, Ryogo Abu, Mikinori Ueno, Daekyung Kim, and Tatsuya Oda. "Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of porphyran isolated from discolored nori (Porphyra yezoensis)." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 74 (March 2015): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.043.

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SAKAMOTO, SHUICHI. "Industrial applications of Porphyra protoplasts." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 73, no. 5 (2007): 952–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.73.952.

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Ogawa, Hiroo, Tuyosi Oohusa, Takahide Saito, Naomichi Iso, Haruo Mizuno, and Akihito Fujino. "Texture of nori Porphyra spp." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 57, no. 2 (1991): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.57.301.

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38

Woolf, Jacqueline, Joanne T. Marsden, Timothy Degg, Sharon Whatley, Paul Reed, Nadia Brazil, M. Felicity Stewart, and Michael Badminton. "Best practice guidelines on first-line laboratory testing for porphyria." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 54, no. 2 (January 19, 2017): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563216667965.

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The porphyrias are disorders of haem biosynthesis which present with acute neurovisceral attacks or disorders of sun-exposed skin. Acute attacks occur mainly in adults and comprise severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, autonomic disturbance, central nervous system involvement and peripheral motor neuropathy. Cutaneous porphyrias can be acute or chronic presenting at various ages. Timely diagnosis depends on clinical suspicion leading to referral of appropriate samples for screening by reliable biochemical methods. All samples should be protected from light. Investigation for an acute attack: • Porphobilinogen (PBG) quantitation in a random urine sample collected during symptoms. Urine concentration must be assessed by measuring creatinine, and a repeat requested if urine creatinine <2 mmol/L. • Urgent porphobilinogen testing should be available within 24 h of sample receipt at the local laboratory. Urine porphyrin excretion (TUP) should subsequently be measured on this urine. • Urine porphobilinogen should be measured using a validated quantitative ion-exchange resin-based method or LC-MS. • Increased urine porphobilinogen excretion requires confirmatory testing and clinical advice from the National Acute Porphyria Service. • Identification of individual acute porphyrias requires analysis of urine, plasma and faecal porphyrins. Investigation for cutaneous porphyria: • An EDTA blood sample for plasma porphyrin fluorescence emission spectroscopy and random urine sample for TUP. • Whole blood for porphyrin analysis is essential to identify protoporphyria. • Faeces need only be collected, if first-line tests are positive or if clinical symptoms persist. Investigation for latent porphyria or family history: • Contact a specialist porphyria laboratory for advice. Clinical, family details are usually required.

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Gutiérrez, Jorge, María Bagur, and M. Palomo. "Algal Epibionts as Co-Engineers in Mussel Beds: Effects on Abiotic Conditions and Mobile Interstitial Invertebrates." Diversity 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11020017.

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Mussels and macroalgae have long been recognized as physical ecosystem engineers that modulate abiotic conditions and resources and affect the composition of rocky shore assemblages. Their spatial distributions in the intertidal zone frequently overlap, as many algal species thrive as epibionts on mussel beds. Nonetheless, their potential for combined engineering effects has not been addressed to date. Here we illustrate that Porphyra sp.—a desiccation-resistant macroalga that develops mostly epiphytically onto mussel beds—affects temperature, desiccation levels, and mobile interstitial invertebrates in mussel beds. Specifically, we observed that Porphyra cover (a) reduced temperature at the surface of the mussel bed but not at their base, (b) reduced desiccation both at the surface and base of the mussel bed and, (c) increased the densities of an abundant interstitial species—the amphipod Hyale grandicornis—in several study sites/dates. Additionally, we found that the positive responses of these grazing amphipods to Porphyra were driven by physical habitat modification (engineering) rather than food availability. This suggests that co-engineering by Porphyra and mussels generates abiotic states and focal species responses that would not be predictable from their individual effects. We expect that increased appreciation of co-engineering aids our understanding of complex ecological dynamics.

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Farr, T. J., W. A. Nelson, and J. E. S. Broom. "A challenge to the taxonomy of Porphyra in Australia: the New Zealand red alga Porphyra rakiura (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) occurs in southern Australia, and is distinct from P. lucasii." Australian Systematic Botany 16, no. 5 (2003): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb02025.

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Extensive collections of Porphyra from throughout New Zealand since the early 1980s have revealed unexpectedly high diversity within the genus. From small-scale, opportunistic sampling of southern Australian Porphyra, small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) sequence data confirm the presence in Tasmania of a recently-described species of Porphyra, P. rakiura W.A.Nelson. This is the first report of P. rakiura from outside New Zealand. Analysis of rbcL–rbcS spacer DNA sequence from P. rakiura specimens and from an isotype specimen of P. lucasii Levring confirm that P. rakiura can be distinguished from the P. lucasii isotype at the molecular level as well as morphologically. A Western Australian specimen collected as P. lucasii provides a nuclear SSU sequence that is clearly different (92.1% similar) to that of P. rakiura, and rbcL–rbcS spacer sequence data identical to that of the P. lucasii isotype. Sequence data from the rbcL–rbcS spacer of a herbarium specimen from South Australia initially identified as P. lucasii, but with P. rakiura-like morphology, demonstrate that it is genetically distinct from P. rakiura and place it closer to, but not identical with, the P. lucasii isotype. This challenges the current taxonomic understanding of Porphyra in Australia, and of P. lucasii in particular.

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Huang, Chung-Hsiung, Wei-Chen Chen, Yu-Huei Gao, Guan-Wen Chen, Hong-Ting Victor Lin, and Chorng-Liang Pan. "Enzyme-Assisted Method for Phycobiliproteins Extraction from Porphyra and Evaluation of Their Bioactivity." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030560.

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Due to the poor protein availability of algae in their unprocessed form, development of extraction methods for phycobiliproteins is of great significance. This study aimed to extract phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) from Porphyra via bacterial enzymatic hydrolysis and to evaluate their bioactivity. To induce enzyme production, Porphyra powder was added into the culture medium of two marine bacterial strains. The pH and enzyme activity of the cultured supernatant, namely crude enzyme solution, were significantly raised. For PE and PC extraction, Porphyra were incubated within crude enzyme solution with homogenization and ultrasonication followed by ultrafiltration process. After distinguishing by fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC), three major fractions were observed and identified as R-PE, R-PC and small molecular PE by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis. With respect to bioactivity, these three fractions exhibited free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities in a various degree. In addition, the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of both R-PE and R-PC fractions was observed in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, the employed process of bacterial enzymatic hydrolysis is suggested to be a feasible method to obtain PE and PC from Porphyra without limiting their bioactivity.

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Delivopoulos, Stylianos G., Miriam Polne-Fuller, and Barbara E. Diannelidis. "Ultrastructural study of the differentiated blade of Porphyra perforata (Rhodophyta)." Nova Hedwigia 68, no. 1-2 (March 15, 1999): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova.hedwigia/68/1999/65.

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Hwang, Mi-Suk, and In-Gyu Lee. "CHARACTER ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL TAXONOMY OF PORPHYRA (BANGIALES, RHODOPHYTA) FROM KOREA." ALGAE 17, no. 4 (December 31, 2002): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2002.17.4.217.

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Machado, Marlene, Susana Machado, Filipa B. Pimentel, Victor Freitas, Rita C. Alves, and M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira. "Amino Acid Profile and Protein Quality Assessment of Macroalgae Produced in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture System." Foods 9, no. 10 (September 29, 2020): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9101382.

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Seaweeds are a recognized source of bioactive compounds and techno-functional ingredients. However, its protein fraction is still underexplored. The aim of this study was to determine the total and free amino acid profile and protein content of four seaweeds species (Porphyra dioica, Porphyra umbilicalis,Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Ulva rigida) produced in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system, while assessing their protein quality. Samples were submitted to acid and alkaline hydrolysis (total amino acids) and to an aqueous extraction (free amino acids) followed by an automated online derivatization procedure, and analyzed by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography. Protein-, non-protein and total-nitrogen were quantified by the Kjeldahl method. Crude and true protein contents were estimated based on the nitrogen and amino acid composition. Protein quality was assessed based on the amino acids profile. Porphyra species presented the highest protein content compared to the remaining three seaweed species tested. All samples presented a complete profile of essential amino acids and a high quality protein profile, according to World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization standards. Methionine and tryptophan were the first limiting amino acids in all species. Red species (Porphyra and Gracilaria) presented high levels of free alanine, glutamic, and aspartic acids. The results highlight the potential of using seaweeds as an alternative and sustainable source of protein and amino acids for human nutrition and industrial food processing.

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Fukui, Youhei, Masahiro Kobayashi, Hiroaki Saito, Hiroshi Oikawa, Yutaka Yano, and Masataka Satomi. "Algimonas ampicilliniresistens sp. nov., isolated from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis, and emended description of the genus Algimonas." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_12 (December 1, 2013): 4407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.053405-0.

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Three strains (14A-2-7T, 14A-3-1 and 14A-3) of Gram-stain-negative, prosthecate, motile bacteria were isolated from an algal medium supplemented with 10 mg ampicillin l−1 (w/v), in which the red alga Porphyra yezoensis had been cultured. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the three isolates formed a cluster with the genus Algimonas of the family Hyphomonadaceae . The sequences of the three isolates had high similarity with those of Algimonas porphyrae 0C-2-2T (97.6 % similarity) and Litorimonas taeanensis G5T (95.6 % similarity). The DNA G+C contents of the three isolates ranged from 54.3 to 55.0 mol%, which were more similar to that of A. porphyrae 0C-2-2T (58.5 mol%) than to that of L. taeanensis G5T (47.1 mol%). The DNA–DNA relatedness showed that the three isolates were representatives of the same species (88.1–94.0 % relatedness) and that strain 14A-2-7T was a representative of a different species from A. porphyrae 0C-2-2T and L. taeanensis G5T (1.2–8.6 % relatedness). The phenotypic characteristics of strain 14A-2-7T differed by 20 results and 30 results from A. porphyrae 0C-2-2T and L. taeanensis G5T, respectively. The three isolates contained ubiquinone-10 as the predominant quinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic analysis, the three isolates represent a novel species of the genus Algimonas , for which the name Algimonas ampicilliniresistens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 14A-2-7T ( = LMG 26421T = NBRC 108219T). An emended description of the genus Algimonas is also proposed.

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Baek, Seung Yeon, Su Jin Kim, Da Hee Kim, and Mee Ree Kim. "Comparison of Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activities between Porphyra yezoensis and Porphyra dentata in Korea." Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 48, no. 11 (November 30, 2019): 1233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2019.48.11.1233.

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Redwood, Stewart D. "The Origin of the Porphyry Deposit Name: From Shellfish, Tyrian Purple Dye, and Imperial Rome to the World’s Largest Copper Deposits." SEG Discovery, no. 118 (July 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/segnews.2019-118.fea.

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Abstract The porphyry deposit name has a long and fascinating etymological history of over 3,000 years. “Porphyry” is derived from the ancient Greek word porphyra (πoρϕύρα), or purple. It was originally applied to a rare purple dye, Tyrian purple, extracted by the Phoenicians from murex shells. It was later applied to a prized purple porphyritic rock, Imperial Porphyry or Porfido rosso attico, quarried by the Romans from Mons Porphyrites in the Eastern Red Sea hills of Egypt from the first to fifth centuries A.D., and used as a monumental stone in Imperial Rome and Byzantium (Istanbul). The name evolved in the field of igneous petrology to include all rocks with a porphyritic texture, regardless of their color. Mining of the first porphyry copper deposits, which were originally called disseminated or low-grade copper deposits, started in 1905. As a result of the close spatial and genetic relationship to porphyry stocks, they became known as porphyry copper deposits. The term was first used by W. H. Emmons in his 1918 textbook The Principles of Economic Geology, but it was originally used more as an engineering and economic description, as in Parsons’ 1933 book The Porphyry Coppers. It was slow to catch on in the geological literature. It was first used in the title of a paper in Economic Geology in 1947 but did not gain widespread use until the 1970s, following the publication of seminal papers on porphyry models and genesis by Lowell and Guilbert (1970) and Sillitoe (1972, 1973).

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Osumi, Yukihiro, Masanobu Kawai, Hideomi Amano, and Hiroyuki Noda. "Oligosaccharides from Marine Algae- V. Antitumor Activity of Oligosaccharides Derived from Porphyra yezoensis Porphyran." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 64, no. 5 (1998): 847–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.64.847.

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YOSHIMURA, Takashi, Keisuke TSUGE, Toshihisa SUMI, Masahiro YOSHIKI, Yumi TSURUTA, Shin-ichi ABE, Shiduo NISHINO, Seigo SANEMATSU, and Kazuyoshi KOGANEMARU. "Isolation of Porphyran-Degrading Marine Microorganisms from the Surface of Red Alga,Porphyra yezoensis." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 70, no. 4 (January 2006): 1026–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.70.1026.

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Cermeño, Maria, Julianne Stack, Paul R. Tobin, Martina B. O'Keeffe, Pádraigín A. Harnedy, Dagmar B. Stengel, and Richard J. FitzGerald. "Peptide identification from a Porphyra dioica protein hydrolysate with antioxidant, angiotensin converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory activities." Food & Function 10, no. 6 (2019): 3421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9fo00680j.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Porphyra'

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