Relevant bibliographies by topics / Porous fibres

Academic literature on the topic 'Porous fibres'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Porous fibres"

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Bora, Pritom J., Khadija K. Khanum, Riya K. Ramesh, K. J. Vinoy, and Praveen C. Ramamurthy. "Porous fibres of a polymer blend for broadband microwave absorption." Materials Advances 2, no. 11 (2021): 3613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ma00114k.

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Porous polyvinyl butyral and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate fibers (porous PPPS-f) and non-porous PPPS-f solid fibres were fabricated via electrospinning. The microwave absorption characteristics were investigated for single and bi-layered structures.
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Shen, Wen, Guanghua Zhang, Xuemei Ge, Yali Li, and Guodong Fan. "Effect on electrospun fibres by synthesis of high branching polylactic acid." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 9 (September 2018): 180134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180134.

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Polylactic electrospun porous fibres have been widely used in tissue engineering scaffolds. However, the application of linear polylactic is limited due to its poor hydrophilicity, which leads to phase separation and has been seldom used in porous fibre preparation. Instead, branching polylactic acts as a new effective method to prepare porous fibres because it can increase polylactic polar property and make it easy to be formulated in the following application. In the current study, we prepared an ultra-high molecular weight of high branching polylactic with glycerol as the initiator by controlling the ring-opening polymerization time, adding amount of catalyst and glycerol. The structure, molecular weight and thermal properties of copolymers were tested subsequently. The result showed that the surface of the high branching polylactic films is smooth, hydrophilic and porous. This branching polylactic formed electrospun porous fibres and possessed a strong adsorption of silver ion. Our study provided a simple and efficient way to synthesize branching polylactic polymer and prepare electrospun porous fibres, which may provide potential applications in the field of biomaterials for tissue engineering or antibacterial dressing compared with the application of linear polylactic and 3-arm polylactic materials.
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Printsypar, G., M. Bruna, and I. M. Griffiths. "The influence of porous-medium microstructure on filtration." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 861 (December 27, 2018): 484–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.875.

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We investigate how a filter-medium microstructure influences filtration performance. We derive a theory that generalizes classical multiscale models for regular structures to account for filter media with more realistic microstructures, comprising random microstructures with polydisperse unidirectional fibres. Our multiscale model accounts for the fluid flow and contaminant transport at the microscale (over which the medium structure is fully resolved) and allows us to obtain macroscopic properties such as the effective permeability, diffusivity and fibre surface area. As the fibres grow due to contaminant adsorption, this leads to contact of neighbouring fibres. We propose an agglomeration algorithm that describes the resulting behaviour of the fibres upon contact, allowing us to explore the subsequent time evolution of the filter medium in a simple and robust way. We perform a comprehensive investigation of the influence of the filter-medium microstructure on filter performance in a spectrum of possible filtration scenarios.
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Roberts, Aled D., Jet-Sing M. Lee, Adrián Magaz, Martin W. Smith, Michael Dennis, Nigel S. Scrutton, and Jonny J. Blaker. "Hierarchically Porous Silk/Activated-Carbon Composite Fibres for Adsorption and Repellence of Volatile Organic Compounds." Molecules 25, no. 5 (March 7, 2020): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051207.

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Fabrics comprised of porous fibres could provide effective passive protection against chemical and biological (CB) threats whilst maintaining high air permeability (breathability). Here, we fabricate hierarchically porous fibres consisting of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) and activated-carbon (AC) prepared through two fibre spinning techniques in combination with ice-templating—namely cryogenic solution blow spinning (Cryo-SBS) and cryogenic wet-spinning (Cryo-WS). The Cryo-WS RSF fibres had exceptionally small macropores (as low as 0.1 µm) and high specific surface areas (SSAs) of up to 79 m2·g−1. The incorporation of AC could further increase the SSA to 210 m2·g−1 (25 wt.% loading) whilst also increasing adsorption capacity for volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
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Matharu, Rupy Kaur, Harshit Porwal, Lena Ciric, and Mohan Edirisinghe. "The effect of graphene–poly(methyl methacrylate) fibres on microbial growth." Interface Focus 8, no. 3 (April 20, 2018): 20170058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2017.0058.

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A novel class of ultra-thin fibres, which affect microbial growth, were explored. The microbial properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) fibres containing 2, 4 and 8 wt% of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were studied. GNPs were dispersed in a polymeric solution and processed using pressurized gyration. Electron microscopy was used to characterize GNP and fibre morphology. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of beaded porous fibres. GNP concentration was found to dictate fibre morphology. As the GNP concentration increased, the average fibre diameter increased from 0.75 to 2.71 µm, while fibre porosity decreased. Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used to investigate the properties of 2, 4 and 8 wt% GNP-loaded fibres. GNP-loaded fibres (0 wt%) were used as the negative control. The fibres were incubated for 24 h with the bacteria; bacterial colony-forming units were enumerated by adopting the colony-counting method. The presence of 2 and 4 wt% GNP-loaded fibres promoted microbial growth, while 8 wt% GNP-loaded fibres showed antimicrobial activity. These results indicate that the minimum inhibitory concentration of GNPs required within a fibre is 8 wt%.
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Ahmed, Jubair, Tanveer A. Tabish, Shaowei Zhang, and Mohan Edirisinghe. "Porous Graphene Composite Polymer Fibres." Polymers 13, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010076.

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Since the isolation of graphene, there have been boundless pursuits to exploit the many superior properties that this material possesses; nearing the two-decade mark, progress has been made, but more is yet to be done for it to be truly exploited at a commercial scale. Porous graphene (PG) has recently been explored as a promising membrane material for polymer composite fibres. However, controlling the incorporation of high surface area PG into polymer fibres remain largely unexplored. Additionally, most polymer-graphene composites suffer from low production rates and yields. In this paper, graphene-loaded microfibres, which can be produced at a very high rate and yield have been formed with a carrier polymer, polycaprolactone. For the first time, PG has been incorporated into polymer matrices produced by a high-output manufacturing process and analysed via multiple techniques; scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Raman spectra showed that single layer graphene structures were achieved, evidence for which was also backed up by the other techniques. Fibres with an average diameter ranging from 3–8 μm were produced with 3–5 wt% PG. Here, we show how PG can be easily processed into polymeric fibres, allowing for widespread use in electrical and ultrafiltration systems
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Mu, Hai Bo, Gui Zeng Hao, Xiao Wei Li, and Bo Meng. "Preparation and Properties of Asymmetric Porous Aluminium-Oxide Ceramic Hollow Fibre Membranes." Key Engineering Materials 537 (January 2013): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.537.87.

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Asymmetric porous aluminium-oxide ceramic hollow fibre membranes have been prepared by the phase inversion / sintering technique. The effect of non-solvent such as ethanol, isopropanol and ethylene glycol monomethylether(2-methoxyethanol) on the geometry and performance of hollow fibres was investigated. Morphologies of Al2O3 ceramic hollow fibre membranes were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effective porosity and the mechanical strength were determined by Archimedes method, and three point method, respectively. The prepared Al2O3 hollow fibre membranes show the asymmetric structure with a finger-like layer and a sponge-like layer. The effective porosity of the prepared hollow fibre membranes exceeds 47%, and the bending strength of the hollow membranes exceeds 63 MPa. The Al2O3 hollow fibre membranes with moderate permeation characteristics for gas and pure water are prepared by the introduction of nonsolvent in membrane casting solution. The separation factors of H2 to N2 or CO2 of the hollow fibers with nonsolvent are over 2.0.
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Tsarouchas, Dimitris. "Qualitative and Quantitative Architecture Characterisation of Porous Materials." Key Engineering Materials 495 (November 2011): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.495.134.

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Amethod for extracting accuratemicrostructural information fromheterogeneousmaterialsusing micro Computed Tomography (CT) is presented. A highly porous fibrous structure is used asa case study. The proposed method includes a filtering step to increase the resolution of the gray-scaleslices, a local segmentation step to accurately separate the fibres from the background and a thinningprocedure to simplify the structure and extract quantitative statistics such as the number of fibre jointsper fibre, fibre orientation and segment length (sections between joints) distributions.
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Schiek, Richard L., and Eric S. G. Shaqfeh. "A nonlocal theory for stress in bound, Brownian suspensions of slender, rigid fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 296 (August 10, 1995): 271–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095002138.

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A nonlocal theory for stress in bound suspensions of rigid, slender fibres is developed and used to predict the rheology of dilute, rigid polymer suspensions when confined to capillaries or fine porous media. Because the theory is nonlocal, we describe transport in a fibre suspension where the velocity and concentration fields change rapidly on the fibre's characteristic length. Such rapid changes occur in a rigidly bound domain because suspended particles are sterically excluded from configurations near the boundaries. A rigorous no-flux condition resulting from the presence of solid boundaries around the suspension is included in our nonlocal stress theory and naturally gives rise to concentration gradients that scale on the length of the particle. Brownian motion of the rigid fibres is included within the nonlocal stress through a Fokker–Planck description of the fibres’ probability density function where gradients of this function are proportional to Brownian forces and torques exerted on the suspended fibres. This governing Fokker–Planck probability density equation couples the fluid flow and the nonlocal stress resulting in a nonlinear set of integral-differential equations for fluid stress, fluid velocity and fibre probability density. Using the method of averaged equations (Hinch 1977) and slender-body theory (Batchelor 1970), the system of equations is solved for a dilute suspension of rigid fibres experiencing flow and strong Brownian motion while confined to a gap of the same order in size as the fibre's intrinsic length. The full solution of this problem, as the fluid in the gap undergoes either simple shear or pressure-driven flow, is solved self-consistently yielding average fluid velocity, shear and normal stress profiles within the gap as well as the probability density function for the fibres’ position and orientation. From these results we calculate concentration profiles, effective viscosities and slip velocities and compare them to experimental data.
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Kuranska, Maria, and Aleksander Prociak. "Porous polyurethane composites with natural fibres." Composites Science and Technology 72, no. 2 (January 2012): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.11.016.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Porous fibres"

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Lozano, Flavien. "Elaboration de matelas à base de fibres de verre par voie humide." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI001.

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Les matelas fibreux à base de fibres de verre produits par voie humide ont des applications industrielles en tant que séparateur de batterie et matériaux d’isolation (cœur de panneaux d’isolation sous vide). Ces matériaux utilisent principalement des fibres submicroniques, relativement chères et pouvant présenter des risques pour la santé. Ce projet est une contribution à l'élaboration d'un procédé de fabrication par voie humide de matelas de fibres de verre visant à valoriser des fibres plus grossières, le produit final devant respecter un cahier des charges précis. Nous avons été amenés à étudier le comportement des fibres de verre dans les différentes étapes du procédé et à caractériser les matelas résultants. Nous nous sommes intéressés en particulier au comportement physico-chimique des suspensions aqueuses de fibres de verre. Nous avons caractérisé les propriétés de contexture, la résistance mécanique en traction, la compressibilité et la conductivité thermique des matelas fibreux. Les travaux expérimentaux nous ont permis de proposer une formulation de la composition optimisée et des conditions opératoires du procédé afin que le matelas final soit conforme au cahier des charges. Cette nouvelle composition intègre des fibres de renfort en faible quantité. Elle permet d’améliorer les caractéristiques mécaniques sans affecter les autres propriétés.Enfin, nous avons quantifié les coûts de production et les avons comparés à ceux du procédé actuellement utilisé avec des fibres grossières (production par voie sèche).Mots-clés : Génie papetier, physico-chimie, milieu poreux, fibres de verre, caractérisation
Glass fibre - based mats produced by a wetlaid process have industrial applications as a battery separator and insulation materials (core of vacuum insulation panels). These materials are mainly made with sub-micron fibres which relatively expensive and can present a risk to health. This project is a contribution to the production of glass fibre-based mats by a wet-laid process to add value to coarser fibres, the final product should respect precise specifications. We have been led to study the behavior of glass fibers in different stages of the process and to characterize the resulting mats. We investigated especially the physico-chemical behavior of aqueous suspensions of glass fiber. We have characterized structure properties, the mechanical resistance to traction, the compressibility and the thermal conductivity of fibrous mats. The experimental work has allowed us to give a formulation of the optimized composition and operational conditions of the process so that the final mattress conforms to the specifications. This new composition includes reinforcement fibres in small quantities. It allows improving the mechanical characteristics without affecting the other properties. Finally, we quantified the production costs and compared them to those of the process currently used with coarse fiber (dry-laid production).Keywords: Paper engineering, physical chemistry, porous media, glass fibre, characterization
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Forsström, Jennie. "Fundamental Aspects on the Re-use of Wood Based Fibres : Porous Structure of Fibres and Ink Detachment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-84.

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In this work, different aspects on the re-use of wood based fibres have been studied, focusing on ink detachment of flexographic ink from model cellulose surfaces and changes in porous structure of kraft fibres following different treatments. New model systems for evaluation of ink detachment and ink-cellulose interactions were used. Ink detachment was studied using Impinging jet cell equipment, taking into consideration the influence of storage conditions, surface roughness and surface energy of the cellulose substrate. A micro adhesion measurement apparatus (MAMA) was used to directly study ink-cellulose interactions, from which the adhesive properties between ink and cellulose, having various surface energies, could be derived. UV-light, elevated temperatures, longer storage time, decreased surface energy, i.e. making the cellulose surface more hydrophobic, and high surface roughness all negatively affected ink detachment. Attenuated total reflectance - fourier transform infra red (ATR-FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to evaluate structural and chemical changes of ink and cellulose upon storage at elevated temperature or under UV-light. After storage at elevated temperatures, ATR-FTIR spectra indicated that a hydrolysis or an oxidative reaction took place as a peak at 1710 cm-1 appeared. AFM revealed that storage at elevated temperatures caused the latex particles present in the ink to form a film, most likely due to annealing. Less ink detached from hydrophobic cellulose surfaces. Ink detachment decreased for rougher cellulose substrates due to an increased molecular contact area.

Fibre pore structure and water retaining ability influenced fibre/fibre joint strength and different paper strength properties. Investigations took into account the effect of pulp yield, counter-ion types, pH, salt, hornification and strength enhancing additives. Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation (NMR), inverse size exclusion chromatography (ISEC) and water retention value (WRV) measured the changes that occur in the fibre wall upon varying the conditions. Each different measuring technique contained unique information such that a combination of the techniques was necessary to give as complete a picture as possible over the changes that occurred in the fibre wall upon varying the conditions for the fibre. A correlation between fibre pore radius and sheet strength properties was found, suggesting that fibres with larger pores allow for a larger molecular contact area between fibres to be formed during drying and consolidation of the paper. Fibre/fibre joint strength, fibre flexibility, and the number of efficient fibre/fibre contacts also controlled sheet strength. The effect of different strength enhancing additives on fibre pore structure and paper strength was investigated. Larger pores in the fibres allowed for additives to penetrate into the fibre wall. Additives with low molecular mass (Mw) penetrated into the fibre wall to a larger extent than additives with a high Mw, causing an embrittlement of the fibre. However, low Mw additives gave higher sheet tensile strength despite a leveling out in strength at high additions, indicating that the fibre wall can only adsorb a limited amount of chemical. Polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) of PAH and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were added separately to the pulp. PEC significantly improved both tensile strength and Z-strength, whereas PAH alone did not increase the strength properties to the same extent unless the sheets were heated to 150°C for 10 minutes. The results suggested that the effect of PEC was dominated by an improvement in fibre/fibre joint strength, whereas the effect of PAH was significantly affected by an improvement of the intra-fibre bond strength

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Forsström, Jennie. "Fundamental aspects on the re-use of wood based fibres : porous structure of fibres and ink detachment /." Stockholm, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-84.

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Katsogiannis, Konstantinos A. G. "Single step production of nanoporous electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) fibres." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/22929.

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Nanoporous polymer fibres are currently attracting increasing interest due to their unique characteristics. Increased specific surface area, improved mechanical properties and improved cellular growth are amongst the advantages that set porous fibres as ideal candidates in applications like catalysis, separation and tissue engineering. This work explores the single step production of porous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibres through combinative electrospinning and Non-solvent Induced Phase Separation (NIPS) technique. Theoretical models, based on three different contact models (Hertzian, DMT, JKR), correlating the fibrous network specific surface area to material properties (density, surface tension, Young s modulus, Poisson s ratio) and network physical properties (density) and geometrical characteristics (fibre radius, fibre aspect ratio, network thickness) were developed in order to calculate the surface area increase caused by pore induction. Experimental results proved that a specific surface area increase of up to 56% could be achieved, compared to networks composed of smooth surfaced fibres. The good solvent effect on electrospun fibre surface morphology and size was examined through experimental investigation of four different good solvent (chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran and formic acid) based solutions at various good/poor solvent ratios. Chloroform was proven to be the most suitable solvent for good /poor solvent ratios varying from 75-90% v/v, whereas alternative mechanisms leading to different fibre morphologies were identified, interpreted and discussed. Evaporation rate of the good solvent was identified as the key parameter of the process. Second order polynomial equations, derived from the experimental data, correlating the feed solution physical parameters (viscosity, conductivity, surface tension) to the fibre average diameter produced were developed and validated. Response surface methodology was implemented for the design and conduction of electrospinning experiments on a 12.5 % w/v Chloroform/DMSO solution 90/10 % v/v in order to determine the individual process parameters (spinning distance, applied voltage, solution flow rate) effect in fibre surface morphology and size. The increase in any of these parameters results in increase of both the fibre size and the tendency for pore generation, whereas applied voltage was the parameter with the strongest effect. Findings from this thesis expand the knowledge about both phenomena occurring during the production process and end product properties, and can be used for the production of controlled morphology and size porous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibres.
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Collignon, Brice. "Séchage des bétons réfractaires : expérimentation, modélisation et influence d'un ajout de fibres polymère." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL051N/document.

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Les matériaux réfractaires non façonnés dense (MRNF) prennent une part de plus en plus importante aussi bien en cimenterie, fonderie, sidérurgie, ... Principalement constitués d’agrégats à base d’alumine, de magnésie, de spinelle, … ils constituent des matériaux de faible perméabilité contenant une teneur résiduelle en eau de 4 à 6 %. Leur séchage avant leur première utilisation est une opération critique qui conditionne leur durée de vie. D’une part, mal conduit, il peut du fait des endommagements occasionnés, réduire considérablement la durée de vie des installations. D’autre part, certaines conditions de séchage conduisent à une véritable destruction de nature explosive du matériau correspondant à une élévation brutale de la pression interne (accompagnant l’élévation de la pression de vapeur saturante de l’eau avec la température). Le travail a permis de se familiariser avec les matériaux réfractaires non-façonnés à l’aide d’une caractérisation thermomécanique complète menée entre la température ambiante et 500 °C, de comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu lors de leur séchage, d’une part, par une expérimentation et, d’autre part, en les reproduisant en s’appuyant sur un transfert simultané de chaleur et de masse en milieu poreux. Et enfin, il a permis d’étudier l’impact d’un ajout de fibres polymère sur une caractéristique qui gère l’évacuation de l’eau, la perméabilité, et plus généralement sur le séchage
Castable refractories take a more and more important place in various industries: cement factory, casting, iron and steel making. They consist mainly of aggregates of high-alumina and ultra-low cement. Their permeability is very low and they contain before the first heat-up a residual water content of 4 to 6 % (dry basis). Drying during the first heat-up is a crucial step which sharply influence the refractory in-service performances. On one hand, damaging can occur, and as a consequence will reduce drastically the life time of the plants. On the other hand, particular drying conditions can lead to an explosive spalling of the refractory corresponding to an internal gas pressure steep raise linked to the water saturated vapour pressure raise with temperature. First, a complete thermomechanical characterization between ambient temperature and 500 °C of the unshaped refractory materials has been conducted. Then the mechanisms involved during their drying, on one hand, by an experiment and, on the other hand, by using a simultaneous heat and mass transfer model in porous media have been studied. And last, the impact of adding polymer fibers has been analysed both on the concrete permeability as well as their influence on drying
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Loffler, Steven Marc. "Dyeing of cellulose fibres : a case study in structure-transport relationships in heterogeneous porous media." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627033.

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Shukla, Sushumna. "Membrane distillation with porous metal hollow fibers for the concentration of thermo-sensitive solutions." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20215/document.

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Cette thèse présente une approche originale du procédé de distillation membranaire avec balayage gazeux pour la concentration des solutions thermosensibles (SGMD). Pour ce faire, un nouveau contacteur membranaire avec des fibres creuses métalliques a été conçu afin réaliser le procédé de distillation à basse température. La chaleur nécessaire au procédé est produite au niveau des fibres par effet Joule, plutôt qu'à partir de chaleur latente de la phase aqueuse. La génération localisée de la chaleur a comme conséquence une réduction du phénomène de polarisation de la température. Des fibres creuses en acier inoxydable ont été synthétisées avec les propriétés structurales appropriées et une bonne résistance mécanique. La surface des pores des fibres a été rendue hydrophobe par le dépôt d'une fine couche d'un élastomère. En outre, une nouvelle méthode « verte » a été développée pour fabriquer des fibres creuses en alumine et acier inoxydable. Cette méthode est basée sur la gélification ionique des bio-polymères et ne n'utilise pas des solvants nocifs. L'étude expérimentale détaillée du SGMD a permis de déterminer l'influence de différents paramètres opérationnels sur les performances du procédé. Il a été démontré que l'effet Joule permet d'améliorer le flux et l'efficacité de la séparation non seulement pour le SGMD mais aussi pour la pervaporation
This thesis presents an original approach for the concentration of thermo-sensitive solutions: the Sweep Gas Membrane Distillation (SGMD) process. A new membrane contactor with metallic hollow fibers has been designed and allows the distillation process to be operational at low temperature. Heat is generated in the fibers by the Joule effect, rather than being supplied as latent heat in the liquid bulk. The localized generation of heat results in a reduction of temperature polarization phenomena. The stainless-steel hollow fiber membranes have been synthetized with appropriate structural properties and sufficient mechanical strength. The pore surface of the fibers has been made hydrophobic by the deposition of a thin layer of an elastomer. Moreover, a novel and green method is presented to fabricate alumina and stainless-steel hollow fibers. This method is based on ionic gelation of a biopolymer and completely avoids the use of harmful solvents. By a detailed experimental study of the SGMD the influence of different operational parameters on the process performance has been investigated. The improvements in the flux and the separation efficiency using Joule effect have been successfully demonstrated, even in the case of pervaporation
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Salinas-Torres, David. "Tailoring of carbon materials for their use as electrodes in electrochemical capacitors." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/45286.

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Biasi, Valentin. "Modélisation thermique de la dégradation d’un matériau composite soumis au feu." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0034/document.

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L’utilisation des matériaux composites devient de plus en plus importante dans les structures aéronautiques de nouvelle génération. Le gain de masse engendré, et donc de carburant, pousse les constructeurs aéronautiques à les employer de façon optimale. Néanmoins, ces matériaux se dégradent rapidement lorsqu’ils sont soumis à des flux de chaleur importants, entraînant une perte de leur résistance mécanique. Ce problème peut être dramatique pour la sécurité des passagers car la tenue de ces nouvelles structures peut ne plus être assurée dans le cas d’un incendie. Les méthodes actuelles de certification de la tenue au feu des matériaux composites aéronautiques reposent principalement sur l’utilisation de moyens expérimentaux, dont les résultats ne sont représentatifs que des conditions particulières dans lesquelles les essais ont été réalisés. La compréhension des différents phénomènes thermiques, chimiques et mécaniques intervenant lors de la dégradation de ces matériaux, avec l’appui de simulations numériques et d’expériences, peut permettre d’améliorer les méthodes existantes et donc d’optimiser les futures structures aéronautiques dès la phase de conception.Cette étude s’est attachée à développer et valider un modèle thermo-chimique de dégradation des matériaux composites multi-dimensionnel et multi-constituants. Ce modèle permet de traiter des cinétiques de dégradation complexes suivant plusieurs réactions de décompositions et de prendre en compte le transport des gaz produits depuis leur formation jusqu’à leur évacuation hors du matériau. L’utilisation de lois d’homogénéisation avancées est proposée afin de rendre compte des effets des transformations sur les transferts de chaleur et de masse se produisant au sein du matériau. L’application du modèle thermo-chimique à un cas de dégradation sous flux thermique connu mais non-uniforme dans un environnement contrôlé permet de confronter les résultats de simulation aux mesures expérimentales et ainsi de valider l’approche multi-constituants adoptée. Enfin, l’étude numérique de la dégradation d’un composite soumis à une flamme met en avant l’effet des gaz de décomposition éjectés à l’interface sur le flux thermique pariétal échangé
Composite materials are increasingly used in new generation aircraft structures. Mass and as a consequence fuel savingsencourage aircraft manufacturers to use them optimally. However, these materials can degrade quickly when exposed tosignificant heat fluxes, resulting in a loss of mechanical strength. This problem can be dramatic for passenger safety asmechanical resistance of such innovative structures can not be ensured in case of fire events. Current certification methodsof fire resistance of aeronautical composite materials are mainly based on experiments, that are only representative of thespecific conditions under which they were carried out. The understanding of thermal, chemical and mechanical phenomenaoccurring during the decomposition of these materials, with the support of numerical simulations and experiments, can helpimproving existing methods and optimizing the future aeronautical structures from the design chain. This study deals withthe development and validation of a multi-components and multi-dimensional thermo-chemical model of decomposing compositematerials. It can deal with complex degradations following several decomposition reactions as well as transport ofpyrolysis gases from their formation up to their ejection out of the material. The use of advanced homogenization laws isproposed to account for the chemical transformations on heat and mass transfers occurring in the material. The applicationof the thermo-chemical model to a laser degradation study under known but non-uniform heat flux in a controlled environmentallows to confront the simulation results with experimental measurements and thus validate the multi-componentsapproach. Finally, the numerical analysis of a decomposing composite material submitted to a flame highlights the effectof emitted decomposition gases on the exchanged parietal heat flux
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Novotná, Aneta. "Možnosti využití rozptýlené výztuže pro lehké konstrukční betony." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226093.

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Master´s thesis deals with some problems associated with utilisation of lightweight concrete from the porous aggregates in the load – carrying structures. The thesis focuses on the possibilities of the increase of the cement composites toughness using dispersed reinforcement. Lightweight concretes were reinforced with a combination of different lengths of polypropylene fibers Forta Ferro. There were used polypropylene fibers of three lengths 19, 38, 54 mm. The thesis is divided into theoretical, experimental and static part.
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Books on the topic "Porous fibres"

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Yang, Yiqi, Jianyong Yu, Helan Xu, and Baozhong Sun, eds. Porous lightweight composites reinforced with fibrous structures. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53804-3.

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New materials permeable to water vapor. Berlin: Springer, 1999.

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Yang, Yiqi, Jianyong Yu, Helan Xu, and Baozhong Sun. Porous lightweight composites reinforced with fibrous structures. Springer, 2017.

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Yang, Yiqi, Jianyong Yu, Helan Xu, and Baozhong Sun. Porous Lightweight Composites Reinforced with Fibrous Structures. Springer, 2017.

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Yang, Yiqi, Jianyong Yu, Helan Xu, and Baozhong Sun. Porous lightweight composites reinforced with fibrous structures. Springer, 2018.

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Chesneau, Christian Pierre. Low Reynolds number flow through fibrous porous media. 1985.

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Zhong, Wen Hua. Creeping flow through a model of fibrous porous media. 2005.

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Zhong, Wen Hua. Creeping flow through a model of fibrous porous media. 2005.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. A porous ceramic interphase for SiC/Si₃N₄ composites. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Bocquet, Lydéric, David Quéré, Thomas A. Witten, and Leticia F. Cugliandolo, eds. Soft Interfaces. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789352.001.0001.

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Many of the distinctive and useful phenomena of soft matter come from its interaction with interfaces. Examples are the peeling of a strip of adhesive tape or the coating of a surface or the curling of a fibre via capillary forces or the electrically driven ow along a microchannel, or the collapse of a porous sponge. These interfacial phenomena are distinct from the intrinsic behaviour of a soft material like a gel or a microemulsion. Yet many forms of interfacial phenomena can be understood via common principles valid for many forms of soft matter. Our goal in organizing this school was to give students a grasp of these common principles and their many ramifications and possibilities. The school comprised over fifty 90-minute lectures over four weeks in July 2013. Four four-lecture courses by Howard Stone, Michael Cates, David Nelson, and L. Mahadevan served as an anchor for the program. A number of shorter courses and seminars rounded out the school.This volume presents lecture notes prepared by the speakers and submitted for publication after the school. The lectures are grouped under two main themes: Hydrodynamics and interfaces, and Soft matter.
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Book chapters on the topic "Porous fibres"

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Marcian, V. "MORPHOLOGY OP POROUS POLYPROPYLENE FIBRES." In Morphology of Polymers, edited by Blahoslav Sedláček, 573–84. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110858150-055.

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Federico, Salvatore. "Porous Materials with Statistically Oriented Reinforcing Fibres." In Nonlinear Mechanics of Soft Fibrous Materials, 49–120. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1838-2_2.

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Woldekidan, Milliyon Fekade, Jan Voskuilen, Dave Vliet, and Greet A. Leegwater. "Research into Applications of Acrylic Fibres in Porous Asphalt: Laboratory, Numerical and Field Study." In RILEM Bookseries, 395–406. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6878-9_29.

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Michielsen, Bart. "Porous Stainless Steel Hollow Fibers." In Encyclopedia of Membranes, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_1774-1.

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Shirosaki, Yuki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuri Nakamura, Hiroki Yoshihara, Akiyoshi Osaka, and Artemis Stamboulis. "Use of Inter-Fibril Spaces Among Electrospun Fibrils as Ion-Fixation and Nano-Crystallization." In Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics VII, 33–38. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119040392.ch4.

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Wadley, H. N. G., and J. M. Kunze. "Consolidation of Metal Coated Fibers." In IUTAM Symposium on Mechanics of Granular and Porous Materials, 389–402. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5520-5_35.

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Mierzwiczak, M., K. Mrozek, and P. Muszynski. "Heat transfer in fibrous porous media." In Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 426–32. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315641645-71.

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Saruhan, Bilge. "5 Porous matrix composites." In Oxide-Based Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composites, 155–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0319-4_5.

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Pedersen-Bjergaard, Stig, Knut Einar Rasmussen, and Jan Åke Jönsson. "Liquid-Phase Microextraction (LPME) Utilizing Porous Hollow Fibers." In Handbook of Sample Preparation, 125–48. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813823621.ch7.

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Samimi, Ehsan, Mohammad Mehdi Abolhasani, and Shahram Arbab. "Producing Porous Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Using Wet-Spinning Method for Making Carbon Fibers." In Eco-friendly and Smart Polymer Systems, 577–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45085-4_139.

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Conference papers on the topic "Porous fibres"

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Federico, Salvatore, Alfio Grillo, Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, and Ch Tsitouras. "Porous Materials Reinforced by Statistically Oriented Fibres." In ICNAAM 2010: International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics 2010. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3498473.

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Pasetto, M., and N. Baldo. "Mechanical and rheological characterisation of porous asphalt mixtures with added PAN fibres." In Proceedings of the Fourth European Symposium on Performance of Bituminous and Hydraulic Materials in Pavements, Bitmat 4. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203743928-34.

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Sirleto, L., M. A. Ferrara, L. Moretti, I. Rendina, A. Rossi, E. Santamato, and B. Jalali. "Raman emission in porous silicon at 1.5 micron: a possible approach." In Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wfopc.2005.1462108.

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Burheim, Odne S., Jon G. Pharoah, Hannah Lampert, Preben J. S. Vie, and Signe Kjelstrup. "Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity of PEMFC Porous Transport Layers." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33215.

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We report the through-plane thermal conductivities of the several widely used carbon porous transport layers (PTLs or GDLs) and their thermal contact resistance to an aluminium polarisation plate. We report these values both for wet and dry samples and at different compaction pressures. We show that depending on the type of PTL and possible residual water, the thermal conductivity of the materials varies from 0.15 to 1.6 W K−1 m−1 — one order of magnitude. This behaviour is the same for the contact resistance varying from 0.8 to 11 10−4 m2 K W−1. For dry PTLs the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing PTFE content and increases with residual water. These effects are explained by the behaviour of air, water and PTFE in between the PTL fibres.
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Silva, J. G. P., D. Hotza, R. Janssen, and H. A. Al-Qureshi. "Modelling of load transfer between porous matrix and short fibres in ceramic matrix composites." In MATERIALS CHARACTERISATION 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mc110151.

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Taylor, Jess, Shervan Babamohammadi, Gera Troisi, and Salman Masoudi Soltani. "Chemical Activation of Recycled Carbon Fibres for Application as Porous Adsorbents in Aqueous Media." In 2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano54668.2022.9928646.

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Sobera, M. P., C. R. Kleijn, P. Brasser, and H. E. A. van den Akker. "Multiscale CFD of the Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer Through a Porous Material With Application to Protective Garments." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-3106.

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A multi-scale study of the performance of protective clothing has been performed by coupling various types of numerical simulation of flow, heat and mass transfer. At first, a detailed study of the turbulent flow at Re = 3900 around a circular cylinder, sheathed at some small distance by a porous layer, has been performed by means of Direct Numerical Simulations with a commercial unstructured finite volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics solver. This geometry is widely used in experiments to study the performance of fabric materials. From this DNS study, it was found that the flow underneath the clothing is laminar and periodic, with a velocity magnitude much smaller than the free stream velocity. Micro-scale Direct Numerical Simulations of the flow through the textile at the scale of individual fibres revealed a simple relation between textile porosity and permeability. A good agreement was found between flow and heat transfer predictions of Direct Numerical Simulations and from Reynolds Averaged simulations. From the latter, an engineering correlation for heat and mass transfer was deduced.
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Chen, Yijun, Jizhe Cai, James G. Boyd, and Mohammad Naraghi. "Processing-Mechanical Property Relationship of Hollow and Porous Carbon Fibers Fabricated by Coaxial Electrospinning." In ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6598.

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High strength hollow carbon fibers with both porous and solid shell were fabricated by a combination of coaxial electrospinning and emulsion electrospinning. In the coaxial electrospinning, a Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/ Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/Dimethylformamide (DMF) emulsion was used to form the porous shell and a PAN/DMF solution was used to form the solid shell. Fiber surface and cross-section morphology was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical property of the hollow fibers was characterized by single fiber tensile test using microelectromechanical system devices (MEMS). The effect of pores on mechanical performance of the hollow fibers was studied. Hollow carbon fibers with porous and solid shell both showed a brittle fracture behavior. The modulus and strength of the hollow carbon fibers with solid shell was ∼ 76.1 GPa and 2.04 GPa, respectively. For the hollow carbon fibers with porous shell, the porosity led to ∼ 35 % reduction in strength. The porous fibers with the mediocre strength measured here open new horizons for combining structural functionality with energy storage, in so-called structural batteries.
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Tamayol, A., and M. Bahrami. "Analytical Determination of Viscous Permeability of Fibrous Porous Media." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55071.

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In this study, the permeability of ordered fibrous media towards normal and parallel flow is determined analytically. In this approach, porous material is represented by a “unit cell” which is assumed to be repeated throughout the media. Several fiber arrangements including: touching and non-touching arrays are considered. Modeling 1D touching fibers as a combination of Channel-like conduits, a compact relationship is proposed to predict permeability. Employing an integral technique and assuming a parabolic velocity profile within the unit cells, analytical relationships are developed for pressure drop for rectangular arrangements. The developed models are successfully compared with existing experimental data collected by others for square arrangement over a wide range of porosity. Due to the random nature of the porous micro structures, determination of exact permeability of real fibrous media is impossible. However, the analyses developed for ordered unit cells enable one to predict the trends observed in experimental data. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed normal flow permeability of square unit cell serves as a lower bound for the permeability of fibrous media. The effects of unit cell aspect ratio and fibers diameter on the permeability are also investigated. It is noted that with an increase in the aspect ratio the normal permeability decreases while, the parallel permeability remains constant. It is also shown that the permeability of fibrous media is related to the diameter of fibers squared.
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Rizvi, Hussain R., and Nandika D'Souza. "Design of a Multifunctional Porous Coaxial Electrospun Mesh Using Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Poly Butylene Adipate-CO-Terephthalate (PBAT)." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67534.

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In this paper, we formulate a method to create a potential drug delivery vehicle and scaffold architecture of coaxial electrospun fibers. Having the capability to introduce porosity either in core or sheath of the fiber using supercritical CO2 as a foaming agent is utilized. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Poly butylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) were used because of their biodegradable and biocompatible nature. Physical morphology of the porous coaxial fibers was studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Image J software was used to quantify the pore size and fiber diameter. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Tensile Testing of the three-dimensional fibrous mesh was done to determine the mechanical properties of the porous structure. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to study the thermal characteristics of the mesh.
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Reports on the topic "Porous fibres"

1

Fuller, E. L. Jr. Characterization of porous carbon fibers and related materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/273794.

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Fuller, Jr, E. L. Characterization of Porous Carbon Fibers and Related Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814269.

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Burchell, T. D., J. W. Klett, and C. E. Weaver. A novel carbon fiber based porous carbon monolith. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/115403.

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Papathanasiou, Thanasis D. Fluid Flow and Infiltration in Structured Fibrous Porous Media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/899242.

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Kandil, Sherif M. Nano-Engineered Porous Hollow Fiber Membrane-Based AC System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1155013.

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Nielsen, J. M., G. F. Pinder, T. J. Kulp, and S. M. Angel. Investigation of dispersion in porous media using fiber-optic technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191395.

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Nielsen, J. M., G. F. Pinder, T. J. Kulp, and S. M. Angel. Investigation of dispersion in porous media using fiber-optic technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7016099.

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Lara-Curzio, E. Optimization of Pseudo-Porous SiC Fiber Coatings for SiC/SiC Composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/777618.

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SPIRE CORP BEDFORD MA. Rare Earth-Doped Porous Si Infrared LEDs for High-Speed Fiber-Optic Communications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada338825.

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