Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pornography – history'

This licentiate thesis describes the Swedish pornography policy and how this policy affected the pornography industry. The main aim of the study is to survey the development of the Swedish porn industry 1950-2000 and to consider how it was imagined both as an industry, and as a commercialized form of sexuality. The focus is on the relationship between the pornography industry and the state, and to study this relationship, the thesis is divided into three different but related parts.

The first part concerns the institutional settings with main focus on the abolition of censorship in 1971. The political debates about legalizing pornography are studied in order to ascertain how industry and its actors are conceptualized in this context. It also draws attention to why regulation of the industry was considered necessary in the first place, as well as the how changes in the legislation affected the economic development of the industry itself.

The second part concerns the Swedish pornographic press. My purpose is to map out all publishing houses that produced pornographic magazines from 1950 to 2000, and to chart some aspects of their economic fortunes. The history of pornography and connections to technological change is also studied in terms of estimating the influence of the video breakthrough on sales figures and market strategies for the publishing houses that had to deal with this development.

In the third part, I study the regulation in action, i.e. when the publishers of pornographic magazines are prosecuted. I analyze all of the pre-1971 prosecutions – that is, the prosecutions that took place before regulation was removed. Using these records, it is possible to determine how the regulation was implemented, what content was considered harmful, and how that changed over time. This material, that includes the preliminary investigations from the police, also shows how the pornography producers handle the institutional settings to escape responsibilities and punishment.

In this thesis, I show that the pornography industry in Sweden has a complex and changing relationship to the state. Although pornography is unwanted by politicians during the period, pornography is allowed to publish pictures without any restriction on sexual content in the 1970s. The argument for the deregulation is that censorship is incompatible with a modern democratic and liberal state. Pornography serves as a modern dilemma when the phenomenon is viewed as incompatible with a modern society, conflicting with the goal of gender equality, and when a regulation is seen as incompatible with the idea of basic liberties in a modern democracy.

When it comes to the industry it shows that, quite unexpected, a lot of companies are run by women or as family businesses. There are no empirical grounds for the claim that pornography is an all male industry then, at least not in the Swedish case. The study also shows that the Swedish pornography industry was well established before the law change.

This dissertation interrogates the place of pornography within British culture between 1900 and 1939. While numerous scholars have studied British pornography using literary analysis and various cultural history approaches, this has not been accompanied by significant attention to the social dynamics of those involved in producing, consuming, and regulating pornographic materials. By dedicating equal attention to the products and operations of the pornography trade itself and to the surrounding hegemonic forces of state, press, and civil society, this research challenges widespread assumptions regarding the relationship between pornography and mainstream sexual culture. Specifically, this project argues that the pre-1939 pornography trade can best be understood as a queer sexual subculture. Moreover, this subculture operated as a node within a far larger and more complex transnational network rather than as an isolated national or local entity. Pornographic content reflected these conditions of production and consumption, offering subversive alternatives to heteronormative hegemonic practices such as mandatory heterosexuality, monogamy, and binary gender roles. Numerous social trends and competing discourses worked to create cultural spaces in which the subculture operated. The British state, civil anti-vice organizations, and the press all formally opposed the pornography trade yet limited their efforts against it due to competing priorities such as opposition to censorship and the desire to frame pornography as a strictly foreign social issue. This carefully historicized case study of a specific culture of pornography offers a counterpoint to contemporary treatments of pornography as an ahistorical and monolithic cultural production. By placing the pre-1939 British pornography trade in its specific imperial and transnational context, this dissertation shows that pornography can only be studied through close attention to its conditions of production, consumption, and regulation.

History
M.A.
Absent provenance or any background information, and with both implicit and explicit barriers to access within the archival space, how can we hypothesize—or critically fabulate—queer material legacies? The first—or earliest extant—American film to explicitly depict “queer” sex is The Surprise of a Knight (1929). By synthesizing perspectives on archives, material culture, queer identity, film, the Internet and pornography, this paper treats Surprise as an entry point into a discussion of public history and sexuality—revealing current issues with processing erotic materials and their impact on queer historiographies. This study outlines the problems presented by Surprise and explores contingencies for historical contextualization—methods public historians (archivists and interpreters alike) may adapt to fit similar materials within a broader history of film and queer identity. It explores current methods and future conundrums for best practices in the preservation of (born-digital) pornography, and concludes with impressions from potential audiences and present-day content producers as a means of envisioning new avenues of queer grassroots history-making.
Temple University--Theses

This thesis analyses the development towards a mass market pornographic press. Sweden (in addition to Denmark) is often described as a forerunner in this development when the so-called “porn wave” hit most of the Western world in the late 1960s. The “porn wave” was the starting point of the contemporary pornographic press, which put sexually explicit pictures on the international market. Denmark was the first country in the world to decriminalize pornographic pictures in 1969 and Sweden followed in 1971. While previous research in Sweden often blames decriminalisation for the growth of the pornographic market, this thesis shows that the “porn wave” preceded the alteration of the Freedom of the press act and thus calls for a more multifaceted analysis of the development. Very few studies have been made about the development from an underground exclusive market of explicit pornography to a legal mass market. This thesis, however, makes a survey of all the Swedish publishers of pornographic magazines, their length on the market, and the market conditions. By analysing the regulation of pornography prior to 1971 and the legal cases leading to prosecutions of the publishers, the strategies used to challenge the regulation are traced. Special attention is also paid to how the monopoly on distribution held by Pressbyrån, a company owned by the Swedish press, affected the pornographic press. By cooperating and starting their own distribution channels, the pornography publishers managed to challenge Pressbyrån’s regulations. Great emphasis is laid on the discursive construction of pornography in mass media and in the parliamentary debates. This thesis argues that the antagonisms between the pornographic press and its critics are central in understanding how pornography was perceived and that these debates have decisively impacted the market conditions. Sensation-seeking articles in the evening papers, and the politicians’ liberal attitudes towards the pornographic press, made the market seem more open and lucrative. The resistance towards the establishment of a mass market and explicit pornographic press was strong during the whole period – but these critics used quite varying arguments. By analysing these arguments, this thesis shows how the pornographic press touched on sensitive cultural norms regarding marriage, young people’s sexuality, homosexuality, gender and love. The second half of the 1960s was a turning point in the development of the pornographic press, the discursive construction of pornography and in the political strategies used to combat pornography. In just a few years, the pornographic press grew substantially and started to publish explicit pictures of intercourse. In that same period, the construction of pornography went from a conservatively Christian understanding to a sexually liberal – and later to a feminist understanding of its problems. The government introduced a “porn raid” against the magazines, prosecuted many of them, and then paradoxically decriminalized pornography in 1971. Theoretically, the conclusion is made that pornography has to be seen in its historical context and in relation to its special market conditions. Since pornography continually has been a contested commodity, its controversial status has resulted in special regulations, marketing difficulties and lack of income from advertisements.

Orientador: Antonio Celso Ferreira
Banca: Fabiana Lopes da Cunha
Banca: Milton Carlos Costa
Banca: Marcio Luiz Carreri
Banca: Miliandre Garcia de Souza
Resumo: O campo da cultura brasileira, durante o período da ditadura militar brasileira (1964-1985), foi aos poucos invadido por determinados tipos de publicações pouco percebidas pela historiografia: as revistas eróticas e pornográficas. Estas ajudaram a configurar e constituir identidades, principalmente no que se refere à questão da sexualidade e da masculinidade, estabelecendo espaços de negociação na modernização dos costumes, em meio a uma reforma conservadora. Dessa maneira, a pornografia do período incorporou formas de normalizar o leitor das revistas através de posicionamentos, colaborações dos leitores e formas de resistência, através de anonimatos e publicações proibidas. Com isso, diluídas em uma área cinzenta de um processo mais complexo e contraditório, vários enunciados vindos da sociedade tentaram criar um discurso "verdadeiro" sobre o sexo, o qual acabou assimilado pelo mercado, e que pretendemos desnudar. A partir do pensamento histórico genealógico de Michel Foucault, procuraremos indicar que a pornografia enquanto "desordem do discurso" abriu espaço para visões diversas, que são contrárias ao discurso homogeneizante de poder e masculinidade. O público dessas revistas se mostrava amplo e contava com estudantes do colegial (Ensino Médio), senhores, senhoras, "homossexuais", generais, moças, médicos e padres que leram e emitiram diversos discursos sobre estes dois grupos, aparentemente distintos, de periódicos: as revistas softcore com discurso normatizador, como: El... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The field of Brazilian culture during the period of the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964-1985), was gradually invaded by certain types of confusing publications: the erotic and pornographic magazines. These helped to shape and form the identities, especially in regard to the issue of sexuality and masculinity, establishing trading channels in the modernization of customs, in a conservative reform. Thus, the period of pornography incorporated ways to normalize the reader of magazines through placements, contributions from readers and forms of resistance through anonymity and banned publications. As a result, diluted in a gray area of a more complex and contradictory process, various statements coming from the company tried to create a "true" speech about sex, which eventually assimilated by the market, and we intend to denude. From the genealogical historical thought of Michel Foucault, we seek to indicate that the pornography while "disorder of speech" created room for different views that are contrary to the homogenizing discourse of masculinity. The audience of these magazines is proved large and had high school students, older mans and womans, "gay", generals, younger womens, doctors and priests who had read and issued discourses on these two groups of apparently distincts periodicals: the softcore magazines with speech normalizing, like: Ele Ela (1969), Status (1974), A revista do Homem (1975), this which was transformed in the magazine call Playboy (1978) - and a mo... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

Présentant des styles musicaux spécifiques des musiques extrêmes, cette thèse permet au lecteur de découvrir leurs sources d'inspirations et imaginaires. Elle interroge, à travers l'histoire du genre, le concept de contre-culture attaché à la culture Metal. Dans cette perspective, cette recherche va s'intéresser aux stéréotypes et aux préjugés. Ceux liés à la pornographie, souvent mis en avant par les détracteurs de cette musique, avec l'analyse du projet Girls X présenté par le festival Hellfest Open Air. Puis ceux relatifs à l'homosexualité en étudiant le sous-genre du glam'metal et les figures de l'androgyne et du beefcake tout en s'interrogeant sur la place des femmes dans ce sous-genre. Ce travail met aussi en opposition deux sous-genres musicaux, le métal symphonique et le black métal afin de réaliser une analyse de la présence féminine sur ces deux scènes. Le premier a pour particularité de mettre en scène le conte de La Belle et la Bête et le second d'observer le lien entre femmes et religions, grandes inspiratrices du black métal, et de présenter un héros spécifique du Métal, le prêtre-guerrier. L'étude du corps féminin dans la culture Métal est essentielle. Ce sera l'occasion de mettre en lumière les muses du Métal et les critères auxquels elles doivent correspondre. Enfin, cette thèse s'intéresse aux interactions entre ce qui est traditionnellement associé à la féminité et à la masculinité dans cette culture musicale notamment à travers les notions de puissance et pouvoir, la pratique du maquillage et le port de la jupe. Enfin, le changement de genre fait l'objet d'un dernier point de ce travail
Is Heavy Metal music a counterculture? To answer this question this thesis presents various styles of Metal music with their imaginary worlds and inspirations in relation to gender studies. First, this thesis studies pornography stereotypes and prejudices with Hellfest Open Air Festival's project: Girls X. Then, this analysis studies those in relation to homosexuality in the glam'metal and present androgyne and beefcake figures. There is also some question as to, where women are in the glam' metal ? This research shall also estimate the presence of women into symphonic metal and black metal. Symphonic metal staging tale of Beauty and the Beast and black metal study observe link between of women and religions and present the warrior-priest hero character. This work studies the female body in Heavy Metal culture as well as the interactions within this musical culture, which matter and are seen as traditionally masculine or feminine through notions power over and power to, makeup... Lastly the thesis study the transgender people in Heavy Metal culture

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The presence of pornography in literature is considered as a category since the nineteenth century for its formal qualities which make it possible analysis that comprehend the intentionality of the insertion of pornographic text and/or its functionality in the literary genres. This second perspective makes it possible the study of the pornographic elements of satire that serves as an instrument for the critic to power. Supported by theoretical postulates of Hodgart (2010) and Frye (2014), according to which pornography serves as an instrument for the construction of satire, under the vision of the attack, we will analyze how pornography was taken as a satirical feature by the humorous and pornographic newspaper O Riso (1911-1912) in the Brazilian Belle Époque. To understand the production and circulation context of O Riso and how it incorporated pornography it is necessary to do a research by means of the methods proposed by Cultural History (CHARTIER, 1991 and 2007). According to Chartier, the history of reading and literature can only be made if the researcher take into account the practices and forms of reading, as well as ownership and representation of the discourse of a given time. We discuss here, more specifically, the pornographic and political discourses that constitute the newspaper O Riso in order to analyze the stress points and organization of those discourses in relation to the political critique restrained in the paper. We aim at understanding the pornographic discourse of the O Riso and its relation with the history of literature by means of the pornography and politics. We analyzed columns that deal with political and social issues as well as the pornographic novel “As Aventuras do Rei Pausolo” and other newspapers that had a direct dialogue with O Riso such as O Rio Nu (1898-1916), O Coió (1901-1902) and O Nabo (1900). The results of our analysis show that, by means of satire instruments and the different ways of appropriation of pornography, it is possible to see that the political criticism used pornography and, also, its inherent character that is the reader's excitement. The discourse that constitutes the newspaper O Riso it is not only the sexual one, but mainly its political positioning which was against the Republican government of Hermes da Fonseca.
La présence de la pornographie dans la littérature commence à être considérée comme catégorie à partir le XIXe siècle à travers ses qualités formelles, qui ont crée des possibilités d’analyse qui couvrent l’intentionnalité de l’insertion du texte pornographique et/ou sa fonctionnalité dans les genres littéraires. Cette seconde perspective possibilite l’étude des éléments pornographiques de la satire, qui servent d’instrument de critique au pouvoir. Basés sur des études théoriques de Hodgart (2010) et Frye (2014), selon lesquelles la pornographie joue le rôle d’instrument pour la construction de la satire, vue par le point de vue de l’attaque, nous voulons analyser comment la pornographie a été prise comme recours satirique par le journal humoristique et pornographique O Riso (1911-1912) à la Belle Époque brésilienne. Pour comprendre le contexte de production et circulation de O Riso et, par conséquent, comment celui-ci s’est approprié de la pornographie, il faut que nous réalisons une recherche par le biais des méthodes proposées par le domaine l’Histoire Culturelle (CHARTIER, 1991 et 2007), selon lequel l’histoire de la lecture et de la littérature ne se fait que si le chercheur prend en compte les pratiques et les modes de lecture, ainsi que l’appropriation et la représentation du discours d’une époque donnée. Notre discussion aborde, de façon plus spécifique, les discours pornografiques et politiques qui ont constitué le journal O Riso pour analyser les points de tension et d’organisation de ces discours en relation à la critique politique qui se présente dans le journal. Le but de notre recherche est de comprendre le discours pornografique dans le journal O Riso et sa relation avec l’histoire de la littérature à travers la pornographie et la politique. Notre corpus est composé par des colonnes qui traitaient des questions socio-politiques et le feuilleton pornographique «As aventuras do Rei Pausolo» présents dans O Riso, en outre, il y a d’autres journaux qui ont gardé un dialogue direct avec O Riso, tels que O Rio Nu (1898-1916), O Coió (1901-1902) et O Nabo(1900). Les résultats de notre analyse montrent que, à travers les instruments de satire et les différents moyens d’appropriations de la pornographie, c’est possible d’apercevoir que la pornographie était à service de la critique politique, en plus de son caractère inhérent qui c’est l’excitation du lecteur. En ce sens, le discours qui constitue le journal O Riso ce n’est pas seulement celui de la sexualité, mais (et principalement) celui du positionnement politique contraire au gouvernement républicain d’Hermes da Fonseca.
A presença da pornografia na literatura passa a ser considerada como categoria a partir do século XIX através de suas qualidades formais, que criam possibilidades de análise que abrangem a intencionalidade da inserção do texto pornográfico e/ou a sua funcionalidade nos gêneros literários. Esse segunda possibilidade dá margem ao estudo dos elementos pornográficos da sátira, que servem de instrumento de crítica ao poder. Amparados em postulados teóricos de Hodgart (2010) e Frye (2014), segundo os quais a pornografia serve se instrumento para construção da sátira, vista pela ótica do ataque, buscaremos analisar de que modo a pornografia foi tomada como recurso satírico pelo jornal humorístico e pornográfico O Riso (1911-1912) na Belle Époque brasileira. Para compreender o contexto de produção e circulação de O Riso e, consequentemente, como este se apropriou da pornografia, é necessário realizar uma investigação por meio dos métodos propostos pela História Cultural (CHARTIER, 1991 e 2007), segundo o qual a história da leitura e da literatura só se faz se o pesquisador levar em consideração as práticas e os modos de leitura, assim como a apropriação e a representação do discurso de uma dada época. Nossa discussão aborda, de modo mais específico, os discursos pornográficos e políticos que constituíram o jornal O Riso para analisar os pontos de tensão e organização destes discursos em relação à crítica política presente no impresso. O objetivo de nossa pesquisa é compreender o discurso pornográfico no jornal O Riso e a sua relação com a história da literatura por meio da pornografia e da política. Nosso corpus é formado por colunas que tratavam de questões político-sociais e o romance folhetim pornográfico “As Aventuras do Rei Pausolo” presentes n’O Riso, além de outros impressos que mantiveram um diálogo direto com o jornal, a saber: O Rio Nu (1898-1916), O Coió (1901-1902) e O Nabo (1900). Os resultados de nossa análise mostram que, através dos instrumentos da sátira e os diferentes modos de apropriação da pornografia, é possível perceber que a esta estava a serviço da crítica política, além do seu caráter inerente que é a excitação do leitor. Nesse sentido, o discurso que constitui o jornal O Riso não é apenas o da sexualidade, mas (e principalmente) o do posicionamento político contrário ao governo republicano de Hermes da Fonseca.

Thesis (MPhil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Pornography in South Africa has only been legal for a mere 16 years, but is preceded by a 126-year history of inutile South African government attempts to suppress and curb it at its borders. To date, pornography as a research field has been largely overlooked by South African researchers, who have either mostly opted to choose fields that are socially more acceptable, or assumed that pornography was not present in the country before the 1980s and 1990s. This research, however, prefers to differ. The study investigates a minute part of a broader scope of pornography history in South Africa, by studying what international and domestic pornographic magazines were first seized and thereafter banned in the country between 1939 and 1989. By theoretically implementing an authoritative theoretical framework, the Annales’s functional structural approach, and applying the historical methodology to unearth unobtrusive historical data, the study compiles a narrative of events that ties a 50-year history of the pornographic magazine in South Africa together. The study eventually identifies 1 033 individual volumes, editions and issues of various pornographic magazine genres, including, among others, pulp and pin-up, naturist and nudist, soft-core, hard-core, male and female homosexual, bisexual, bondage, Asian, female impersonation and biker magazines, of which some, of course, are local South African pornographic magazines.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Pornografie is nog net 16 jaar wettig in Suid-Afrika en word voorafgegaan deur ’n geskiedenis van 126 jaar se sensuur wat deur die regering afgekondig is om pornografie buite die land se grense te hou. Tot op hede is pornografie as ’n navorsingsveld deur Suid-Afrikaanse navorsers oorgesien omdat hulle óf studies aanpak wat sosiaal meer aanvaarbaar is, óf aanneem dat daar voor die 1980’s en 1990’s geen pornografie in die land was nie. In dié verband wil hierdie studie met dié aannames verskil. Die navorsing ondersoek ’n klein deeltjie van ’n groter geskiedenis van pornografie in Suid-Afrika deur te kyk na watter buitelandse en binnelandse pornografiese tydskrifte tussen 1939 en 1989 in die land gevind en kort daarna verban is. Teoreties is die outoritêre en die Annales se funksionalisties-strukturalistiese raamwerk ingespan, en die historiese metodologie is gebruik om historiese data na te vors om ’n narratief saam te stel wat 50 jaar se pornografiese tydskrifte in Suid-Afrika saamsnoer. Die studie identifiseer uiteindelik 1 033 uitgawes van verskeie porno-grafiese tydskrifte, wat, onder meer, pulp- en prikkelpop-, nudistiese, sagte, harde, manlike en vroulike homoseksuele, biseksuele, knegskap-, Asiër-, fopdosser- en motorfietstydskrifte insluit; sommige van dié genres is, natuurlik, ook plaaslik in Suid-Afrika gepubliseer.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O campo da cultura brasileira, durante o período da ditadura militar brasileira (1964-1985), foi aos poucos invadido por determinados tipos de publicações pouco percebidas pela historiografia: as revistas eróticas e pornográficas. Estas ajudaram a configurar e constituir identidades, principalmente no que se refere à questão da sexualidade e da masculinidade, estabelecendo espaços de negociação na modernização dos costumes, em meio a uma reforma conservadora. Dessa maneira, a pornografia do período incorporou formas de normalizar o leitor das revistas através de posicionamentos, colaborações dos leitores e formas de resistência, através de anonimatos e publicações proibidas. Com isso, diluídas em uma área cinzenta de um processo mais complexo e contraditório, vários enunciados vindos da sociedade tentaram criar um discurso “verdadeiro” sobre o sexo, o qual acabou assimilado pelo mercado, e que pretendemos desnudar. A partir do pensamento histórico genealógico de Michel Foucault, procuraremos indicar que a pornografia enquanto “desordem do discurso” abriu espaço para visões diversas, que são contrárias ao discurso homogeneizante de poder e masculinidade. O público dessas revistas se mostrava amplo e contava com estudantes do colegial (Ensino Médio), senhores, senhoras, “homossexuais”, generais, moças, médicos e padres que leram e emitiram diversos discursos sobre estes dois grupos, aparentemente distintos, de periódicos: as revistas softcore com discurso normatizador, como: Ele Ela (1969), Status (1974), Homem (1975), esta que depois fora transformada na revista Playboy (1978) - e outra mais explícita, as revistas hardcore, transgressora de discursos e consumida principalmente pelas classes populares: os “catecismos” de Carlos Zéfiro (década de 50 a 70 no Rio de Janeiro), as publicações das editoras Edrel (São Paulo-SP) e Grafipar (Curitiba-PR), além de revistas hardcore e das fotonovelas eróticas. Os periódicos indicados nos ajudarão a compreender essa afirmação e construção das identidades do homem brasileiro moderno.
The field of Brazilian culture during the period of the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964-1985), was gradually invaded by certain types of confusing publications: the erotic and pornographic magazines. These helped to shape and form the identities, especially in regard to the issue of sexuality and masculinity, establishing trading channels in the modernization of customs, in a conservative reform. Thus, the period of pornography incorporated ways to normalize the reader of magazines through placements, contributions from readers and forms of resistance through anonymity and banned publications. As a result, diluted in a gray area of a more complex and contradictory process, various statements coming from the company tried to create a “true” speech about sex, which eventually assimilated by the market, and we intend to denude. From the genealogical historical thought of Michel Foucault, we seek to indicate that the pornography while "disorder of speech" created room for different views that are contrary to the homogenizing discourse of masculinity. The audience of these magazines is proved large and had high school students, older mans and womans, "gay", generals, younger womens, doctors and priests who had read and issued discourses on these two groups of apparently distincts periodicals: the softcore magazines with speech normalizing, like: Ele Ela (1969), Status (1974), A revista do Homem (1975), this which was transformed in the magazine call Playboy (1978) - and a more explicit, the hardcore magazine, transgressive discourses and mostly consumed by the lower classes: the "cathecisms" of Carlos Zéfiro (from the 50s to 70s, in Rio de Janeiro), the publications of Edrel (São Paulo-SP) and Grafipar (Curitiba-PR) publishers. These indicated periodics help us to understand this identity statement of the modern man.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study I analyse the first year of publication of Loslyf, the first and, at the time of its launch in June 1995, only Afrikaans pornographic magazine. The analysis comprises a historical account of its inception as relayed mainly by Ryk Hattingh, the first editor of Loslyf and primary creative force behind the publication. Such an investigation offers valuable insights into an aspect of South African media history as yet undocumented. As a powerful contributor to an Afrikaans imaginary, emerging at a time of political renewal, Loslyf provides a glimpse into the desires, tensions and tastes of and for an imagined community potentially still shaped by a censorial past. The magazine is worth studying, in part, as an example of an attempt at reinvesting the prescriptive and seemingly generic genre of pornography with cultural specificity and political content, with a view to making it more interesting and relevant. The study argues that whilst Loslyf succeeded in fracturing the “simulacrum” (Baudrillard 1990: 35) of pornographic representation, it also demonstrated that this kind of „alternativity‟ is difficult to sustain. An analysis of the written and visual content of the first 12 issues of the magazine, under Hattingh‟s editorship, investigates the basis of Loslyf‟s status as „alternative‟ publication. I conclude that the first year of Loslyf contributed towards the broader project of democratic expression in an expanding South African visual economy, as a simultaneously well considered and underrated (at the time of its publication at least) cultural product.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie analiseer ek die eerste jaar van publikasie van Loslyf as 'n baanbrekende en, in die tyd van sy ontstaan in Junie 1995, die enigste Afrikaanse pornografiese tydskrif. Hierdie analise behels ʼn historiese oorsig van die ontstaan van Loslyf soos hoofsaaklik verhaal deur Ryk Hattingh, die eerste redakteur van Loslyf en primêre kreatiewe mag agter die publikasie. So ʼn ondersoek bied waardevolle insig tot ʼn ongedokumenteerde aspek van Suid-Afrikaanse mediageskiedenis. As ʼn kultuurproduk wat ʼn kragtige bydrae gelewer het tot die Afrikaanse samelewing in ʼn tyd van politieke hernuwing, bied Loslyf ʼn weerkaatsing van die begeertes, spanninge en smake vir en van hierdie gemeenskap – begeertes en smake wat grootendeels gevorm is deur ʼn geskiedenis van sensuur. Dit is waardevol om die tydskrif te bestudeer as voorbeeld van 'n poging om die voorskriftelike en skynbaar generiese pornografiese genre met kulturele bepaaldheid en politiese inhoud te herbelê, ten einde hierdie genre meer interessant en relevant te maak. Hierdie studie beweer dat, terwyl Loslyf daarin slaag om die “simulakrum” (Baudrillard 1990: 35) van pornografiese voorstelling te breek, die publikasie ook demonstreer dat hierdie tipe „alternatiwiteit‟ moeilik volhoubaar is. ʼn Analise van die geskrewe en visuele inhoud van die eerste 12 uitgawes van die tydskrif, onder redakteurskap van Hattingh, ondersoek die basis van Loslyf se status as „alternatiewe‟ publikasie. Ek beslis dat Loslyf se eerste jaar bygedra het tot die breër inisiatief van demokratiese uitdrukking in ʼn ontwikkelende Suid- Afrikaanse visuele ekonomie, as gelyktydig goed deurdagte én ondergeskatte (veral ten tyde van sy ontstaan) publikasie.

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This dissertation discusses the treatment given to the works of writer Cassandra Rios who with the production of an erotic literature intensified the fight against immorality in social behavior and the defense of the good morals between the years 1968 and 1977. Supported by conservative groups of Brazilian society, the professionals involved to the repression mechanism of public entertainment (DCDP) worked more rigorously on cultural manifestations of the country. The analysis prioritized the comprehensiveness of speeches that built a Cassandra Rios profile connected to transgression practices and degeneration of moral standards. From reading of veto opinions and some books of the author I identified the elements that justified the charge of breaking of the codes required by the prior censorship law. Such historical and fictional representations provide the opportunity to rethink the combinations of control of the literary production and the institutional repression through tactics resistance of Cassandra Rios front the prohibitions. Thus, I highlight the existence of a kind of "tradition of censorship" to the behaviors treated as immoral represented in literary works as motivation of the "censorial outbreak" which tried to contain the spread of pornography in the 70's. This study was developed in the Postgraduate Program in History at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba in accordance with the analysis of the research line called "Teaching of History and Historical Knowledge".
Esta dissertação problematiza o tratamento dado às obras da escritora Cassandra Rios, que com a produção de uma literatura erótica intensificou o combate à “imoralidade” na conduta social e a defesa dos bons costumes entre os anos de 1968 e 1977. Apoiados por grupos conservadores da sociedade brasileira, os profissionais ligados ao mecanismo de repressão das diversões públicas (DCDP) atuaram com maior rigor sobre as manifestações culturais do país. As analises priorizaram a abrangência de discursos que construíram um perfil de Cassandra Rios vinculada às práticas de transgressão e degeneração dos padrões de moralidade. A partir da leitura de pareceres de veto e de alguns livros da autora identifiquei os elementos que justificaram a acusação da quebra dos códigos exigidos pela lei de censura prévia. Tais representações históricas e ficcionais fornecem a possibilidade de repensar as combinações entre o controle da produção literária e a repressão institucionais através das táticas de resistência de Cassandra Rios frente as proibições. Assim, destaco a existência de uma espécie de “tradição de censura” aos comportamentos tidos como imorais representados em obras literárias como motivação do “surto censório” que na década de 70 tentou conter a difusão da pornografia. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Federal da Paraíba em consonância com as análises da Linha de Pesquisa “Ensino de História e Saberes Históricos”.

Ce travail a pour objet l'étude des structures temporelles dans les six romans et les nouvelles de John McGahern. Le premier niveau d'analyse est celui de la phrase. Un rappel théorique à propos des marques linguistiques de la temporalité en anglais et des grandes lignes de la narratologie genettienne concernant temps de l'histoire et temps du récit est suivi de la microanalyse de trois nouvelles du corpus. Le second niveau est celui du récit. Les six romans sont étudiés individuellement dans l'ordre chronologique de leur publication afin de mettre au jour une évolution du style et de la thématique temporelle. Enfin, la troisième partie élargit aux nouvelles les conclusions de l'étude des romans et dégage la vision du temps propre à McGahern en mettant en rapport l'expérience des personnages, celle de l'auteur et celle du lecteur
The aim of this study is to analyse time-related structures in John McGahern's novels and short stories. The first part is sentence-based. I deal with the main linguistic forms expressing time in the English language before summing up Genette's theory on story time and narrative time. These considerations are followed by the detailed analysis of three short stories. The second part focuses on the narrative level. We successively examine each of the six novels in order to expose the evolution of style and of themes. The last part builds on the conclusions of the second and encompasses the short stories. It gives a bird's-eye view of McGahern's specific vision of time by relating the experience of the characters to that of the author and of the reader

Through two books and a series of video documentations of live performances Mette Ingvartsen makes choreography into a territory of physical, artistic and social experimentation. The Artificial Nature Series focusses on how relations between human and non-human agency can be explored and reconfigured through choreography. By investigating and creating a ‘nonhuman theater’ questions regarding material agency, ecology, natural disasters, the Anthropocene and non-subjective performativity are posed. The resulting reflections are closely related to the poetic principles utilized to create the performances, while also drawing connections to territories outside theater. By contrast, 69 positions inscribes itself into a history of human performance with afocus on nudity, sexuality and how the body historically has been a site for political struggles. By creating a guided tour through sexual performances – from the naked protest actions of the 1960’s, through an archive ofpersonal performances into a reflection on contemporary sexual practice – this solo work rethinks audience participation and proposes a notion of soft and social choreography. The contrasting performative strategiesarticulate a twofold notion of expanded choreography: on the one hand movement is extended beyond the human body by including the agency of nonhuman performers, and on the other hand, movement is expanded into animaginary and virtual space thanks to ‘language choreography’.

LINKS

https://vimeo.com/164552586

https://vimeo.com/164558381

Le poète sicilien Domenico Tempio, ayant vécu à Catane entre la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle et le premier quart du XIXe siècle, a été classé pendant longtemps comme un auteur obscène, dont le profil humain aurait été, de façon tout à fait injustifiée, celui d’un libertin. En réalité, l’analyse du corpus des poèmes publiés (au nombre de 332) et inédits (56) démontre qu’il est faux de désigner ses textes comme pornographiques, suivant les jugements critiques qui ont été consacrés dans le passé à sa figure de poète et à son oeuvre. S’il est vrai, en effet, qu’une partie fort réduite de ses textes(16 sur 388) contient des représentations ayant un caractère licencieux, en termes de langage et de situations, il est tout aussi vrai que l’écriture obscène véhicule très souvent des connotations plus complexes. Cela résulte des poèmes érotiques qui ont été analysés et traduits du dialecte de Catane (parfois pour la première fois) dans cette thèse (L’imprudenza o lu Mastru Staci, Il Padre Siccia, Ad Reverendum N.N., La monica dispirata, Lu cojtuimperfettu, etc.). Il s’agit de textes dont l’attribution à cet auteur n’est pas toujours incontestable. Bien qu’une petite partie d’entre eux ne figure pas dans les manuscrits qui se trouvent dans deux bibliothèques de Catane (Biblioteche Riunite Civica e Ursino Recupero et Biblioteca Regionale), une tradition orale, relayée par les recueils imprimés, les a attribués depuis longtemps au poète sicilien. En effet, les textes en question abordent, entre autres, des thèmes tels que les comportements immoraux des ecclésiastiques, l’importance du mariage, la nécessité d’une sexualité conforme aux bonnes moeurs, la force corruptrice de l’argent, les effets néfastes de l’entrée forcée au couvent, etc. Tout cela se joint à une sexualité représentée dans ses modalités les plus brutales en tant que reflet des appels de la nature et que l’hypocrisie de cette époque-là voilait. Si la pornographie consiste en la représentation obscène du domaine sexuel, visant à susciter l’excitation des sens, cela ne vaut absolument pas pour désigner l’œuvre de Domenico Tempio : ses textes les plus licencieux ne l’impliquent aucunement. C’est plutôt un sourire malicieux qu’ils suscitent éventuellement auprès du lecteur. L’écriture obscène, chez lui, renvoie surtout au registre de la dénonciation, ayant pour but de fustiger les mauvaises mœurs et de moraliser. Mais le poète de Catane alla bien au-delà de l’érotisme. La plupart de ses textes (odes, petits poèmes, épithalames, huitains, fables, etc.), à commencer par La Carestia, son œuvre la plus marquante (20 chants comprenant près de 26 000 vers), présentent une grande variété de formules d’expression et de thèmes. Pour ce qui est des genres, on relève, par exemple, la satire, la parodie, l’ironie, la critique sociale, l’invective politique, etc. Quant à la langue employée, on enregistre plusieurs modalités (dialecte sicilien, vers toscans, emprunts à la langue latine, etc.). En ce qui concerne les thèmes évoqués,on signale, par exemple, l’amour romantique, l’infidélité des femmes, l’amour paternel, la dénonciation des injustices, l’indifférence du pouvoir,l’exploitation du peuple, etc. Dans le cadre du contexte culturel sicilien, Tempio représenta la seule voix qui dénonça, avec insistance, les erreurs et les abus d’une société décadente, tout en invoquant la nécessité de réformes et de changements majeurs
The Sicilian Domenico Tempio (1750-1821) was a dialectal poet. He’s still known as a pornographic author: though he wrote very few obscene poems, they gave him a bad reputation. On the contrary, he was an active poet who denounced the nobles, the priests and the monks who abused their power and rank in a decadent fin-de-siècle Catania.Starting from his most important work, the poem La Carestia, Tempio was an author attentive to the need of justice, of solidarity and of equality – of reforms, in one word – in order to improve people’s living conditions.The thesis intends, therefore, to illustrate on the one hand the presumed pornography and on the other hand Tempio’s commitment in the framework of the Sicilian Enlightenment and despite some personal contradictions

Qu’est-ce que le tableau dans le roman du tournant des Lumières en France? Durant cette période, le tableau qui représente une situation dramatique est fréquemment employé dans le roman noir français et le roman pornographique, et il est l’objet de changements significatifs depuis la conceptualisation qu’en a faite Diderot dans ses Entretiens sur le Fils Naturel. Ce n’est plus uniquement une composition picturale dans laquelle les personnages sont présentés par hasard et qui est naturelle et vraisemblable. Chez des auteurs tels que Bellin de La Liborlière, Nerciat et Sade, le tableau peut être programmé afin de susciter un certain effet. Cette recherche tâche d’explorer le tableau à partir de la définition de Diderot et offre des critères pour l’identifier dans les romans noir et pornographique de la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Notre recherche s’articule surtout autour d’approches critiques esthétiques pour étudier différents effets dans le tableau du roman du XVIIIe siècle, tels que le pathétique, le sublime, l’étonnement, le délice et la jouissance. Elle emprunte aussi aux intrigues de représentations de théâtre de l’époque, ainsi qu’aux machines et machinations théâtrales. En examinant les différents usages et effets créés dans les tableaux, on constatera que cette modalité dramatique permet d’étudier le tableau dans plus d’un genre de roman de ce siècle. C’est aussi un outil qui souligne des enjeux sociaux et politique de l’époque, et qui permet de mieux comprendre le roman du tournant des Lumières
What is meant by the tableau in late eighteenth-century Novels in France? During this era, the tableau in which a dramatic situation is represented was frequently used in the roman noir and in the French pornographic novel, and was significantly transformed after Diderot’s conceptualisation of it in his Entretiens sur le Fils Naturel. It is no longer simply seen as a picture in which is found a random arrangement of characters in a natural and realistic setting. Authors such as Bellin de La Liborlière, Nerciat and Sade, have arranged the disposition of the tableau in order to create a specific effect. This study explores the tableau as described by Diderot and offers various criteria by which it can be identified in the roman noir and in the French pornographic novel from the end of the eighteenth century. Our study focuses mostly on important esthetic approaches, examining the different effects in the tableau of the in the eighteenth-century novel, such as pathos, the sublime, astonishment, delight and pleasure. It also relies on theatrical notions, theatre machinery and theatrical plots from the era. By examining the different uses and effects produced by the tableau, it will be evident that this dramatic modality allows us to study it in several different genres of novels. It also helps us to understand the social and political concerns of that era and to better understand the late eighteenth-century novel

This study was focused on exploring the relationship between victimization history, attachment to parents, pornography exposure/use, and characteristics of the sexual offences committed by male adolescents. It was hypothesized that, the poorer the attachment to parents, the greater number of abuses experienced, and the more exposure to pornography, the more likely an adolescent would be to have had more victims, have offended against more age groups, have both male and female victims, have committed penetration in his sexual offences, and have been forceful or violent in his sexual offences. The study involved secondary analysis of a large data set that was based on prior administration of an extensive survey which also included a number of psychological measures and questionnaires. A total of 308 male participants ranging in age from 13 to 20 at the time of completing the survey were included in this study. Participants were 12-17 years of age at the time of their sexual offending. A series of regressions were used to examine if attachment to parents, history of abuse/neglect, and pornography use could predict the number of victims, age group of victims, gender of victims, sexual intrusiveness, and level of force in the sexual offences that had been committed by the participants. Predictor variables that emerged as important in this study were the duration of the sexual offending, having experienced three or more types of abuse, and exposure to live sex. In general, it was suggested that treatment efforts should focus on intervening promptly and reducing the duration of an adolescent’s sexual offending and that intervention for all types of abuse be prioritized. Additionally, it was recommended that future research seek to identify characteristics that might predispose certain victimized individuals to develop sexual offending behaviours in the future. In general, it was noted that further explorations are needed regarding applicable theoretical approaches, as well as the various factors, and interactions among factors, that contribute to the characteristics of sexual offences committed by male adolescents.

La résolution des images a dû être modifiée afin de respecter les droits d'auteurs. Voir le tableau comprenant la liste des vases afin de trouver ces images en meilleure qualité.
La présente étude sert à rassembler tous les vases attiques à figure rouge présentant des scènes sexuellement explicites connues à ce jour. Un examen attentif de ces sources permit de les décrire ainsi que de les comparer afin d'en faire ressortir les similitudes et les différences. Ces vases, étrangement, proviennent majoritairement d'Étrurie, ce qui surprend lorsqu'on sait qu'ils ont été fabriqués en Grèce. Grâce à l'étude du commerce à cette époque, on constate que ces vases n'occupaient pas une grande place dans les relations commerciales entre Grecs et Étrusques. De plus, ces derniers les utilisaient dans un contexte funéraire, ce qui diffère grandement des Grecs. En effet, ces derniers semblent avoir utilisé ces vases dans un contexte où le vin était central, le symposion. Bien que ce genre de banquet était une activité généralement domestique, on se rend compte, à la lumière de découvertes archéologiques, que les vases sexuellement explicites auraient pu être utilisés dans un contexte lié à la prostitution, les bordels. Ceci nous amène donc à nous questionner quant au statut des femmes qui y sont représentées. Finalement, l'étude des sources littéraires, de peu contemporaines aux vases à l'étude, nous renseigne, en partie, sur les opinions quant aux différentes pratiques sexuelles de l'époque. Au final, bien que des pistes théoriques intéressantes se dégagent de l'étude de ces vases, il reste que des conclusions sûres et hors de tout doute sont impossibles étant donné le manque de source. Ces vases présentent donc un portrait à mi-chemin entre la réalité et le symbolisme de la sexualité en Grèce antique.
This study serves to collect all the red-figure Attic vases with sexually explicit scenes known to date. A close examination of these sources made it possible to describe and compare them to bring out the similarities and differences. These vases, strangely, come mainly from Etruria, which is surprising when we know that they were made in Greece. Through the study of trade at that time, we see that these vases did not occupy an important place in the trade relations between Greeks and Etruscans. In addition, they used them in a funerary context, which differs greatly from the Greeks. Indeed, they appear to have used the vases in a context where the wine was central, the symposion. Although this kind of banquet was generally a domestic activity, we realize, in light of archaeological discoveries, that sexually explicit vases could have been used in a context related to prostitution, brothels. This leads us to question the status of the women that are represented. Finally, literary sources that are contemporary of the studied vases, tells us, in part, on different views on the sexual practices of the time. Finally, although interesting theoretical tracks emerge from the study of these vases, it remains that firm conclusions are impossible given the lack of source. These vases therefore gives us a portrait halfway between reality and symbolism of sexuality in ancient Greece.

My thesis re-examines scholarly understandings of love, courtship, and socio-sexual practice during the long eighteenth century through the double lens of scripting theory and feminism. My research contributes to understandings of sexual consent, female agency, and the emotional and romantic development of young men and women throughout the period. In Chapter One, I will demonstrate how young men and women developed distinctly different ideas and expectations of, and scripts for, love and marriage during the decade-long developmental stage between the onset of puberty and the point at which many were practically able to seriously consider courtship and matrimony. I will explore the disparate lived experiences of young men and women in the long eighteenth-century, as well as the contrary cultural influences they were exposed to during this time, and demonstrate the effects of these divergent developmental experiences by analysing men’s and women’s behaviours and attitudes once they reached an age at which they began seeking, entering, or being sought out for serious romantic relationships with or by the opposite sex. In Chapter Two, I will analyse literary and artistic representations of socio-sexual practice to demonstrate how sexual consent was requested, performed, and interpreted in received eighteenth-century socio-sexual scripts. Particularly, I will show that erotic literature specifically advised men to request consent when their partner was sexually inexperienced, and to wait for their partner to give that consent before proceeding with sexual contact. I will further explore how people, particularly women, were expected to express consent nonverbally, by making their faces and bodies sites of communication. Finally, I will show how men in erotic literature were portrayed as being deliberately attentive to nonverbal communication, demonstrating that men were expected to be actively engaging with women’s nonverbal communication. This research complicates existing understandings of eighteenth-century courtship dynamics and socio-sexual practice, and identifies elements of the received socio-sexual script regarding the requesting, communicating, and interpreting of sexual consent throughout the long eighteenth century.
Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 2022

This thesis revisits the effects of moving image regulation, exploring its histories in Canada with an interest in the intersections between arts practitioners and legal processes in the administration of culture. During the 1980s and 1990s, intensified film and video regulatory activities necessitated a coalition space for cultural activism populated by media artists and exhibitors, legal and academic scholars, and public intellectuals engaged with representational and identity politics, producing discourses about sexuality, pornography, race, AIDS, censorship, fundamental freedoms, and art. Considering the current state of the law, largely ignored by arts exhibitors in between moments of crisis, I ask how is the reception of this history reflected in practice with regard to regulation and self-regulation? Drawing on work that develops out of Michel Foucault’s theories of governmentality, I argue that actors across Canada were confronted with the task of negotiating not just how contemporary art survives regulatory scrutiny in public policy arenas and the courts, but also the acceptable boundaries of sexual identities and citizenship. This approach prompts a rethinking of contradictory liberal and libertarian notions of censorship to foreground the way ideas are constrained in all aspects of policy, and the way protocols of dissuasion often fail. As such, censoring acts reveal themselves to be less about restricting access than they are about the administration or legitimation of particular cultural values. This thesis historicizes the mandate of the Ontario Film Review Board, explores aspects of movement strategies as they work to crystallize identities, documents specific speech constraints and their justifications in the law, and suggests functions of counter-speech in video productions of the period. This thesis is guided by a concern with the relationship between cultural citizens and the state and asks what role does the state imagine itself playing in regulating the circulation of images? What are the (mis)understandings of censorship within more recent anti-censorship movement efforts, and what are the opportunities for cultural citizens to negotiate change, both in public policy and in popular consciousness?
Thesis (Ph.D, Art History) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-23 11:09:40.235

Dans les sociétés occidentales, malgré le progrès significatif des droits des femmes, les représentations culturelles demeurent, encore aujourd'hui, très souvent misogynes. Cette phallocratie symbolique est particulièrement apparente dans la pornographie et dans la littérature érotique, mais elle se manifeste également dans les médias de masse, où son danger potentiel est décuplé par la multiplication exponentielle des moyens de diffusion, caractéristique de l'époque postmoderne. Nancy Huston fait partie de ces auteures féministes qui, tant par la théorie que par la fiction, cherchent à mettre en évidence la violence de ces images ainsi que leurs conséquences dans la vie des femmes. Par le biais d'une parodie du roman pornographique Histoire d'O, de Pauline Réage, elle s'en prend à la soumission sexuelle des femmes et surtout, à la prégnance de cette représentation dans l'imaginaire collectif. Notre mémoire aborde la manifestation de cette critique dans son roman Histoire d'Omaya, qui, contrairement au roman de Réage, dépeint une femme qui refuse la violence qui lui est imposée. Une étude de l'image traditionnelle de la femme dans la pornographie et la littérature érotique est proposée et, à l'aide de théories féministes postmodernes sur la parodie, les différentes marques de la critique d'Histore d'O sont analysées. Parmi ces marques, l'omniprésence du regard masculin est davantage développée, puisque celui-ci représente un élément central du roman de Huston. Ce regard participe non seulement à la réification de la protagoniste mais constitue également un prélude au viol. Enfin, une analyse de la polyphonie constituante du roman est présentée, de manière à mieux comprendre l'aspect contestataire que revêt cette forme narrative erratique et hérétique. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : littérature érotique, pornographie, Pauline Réage, Nancy Huston, parodie, regard, réification, polyphonie, hystérie, postmodernisme, féminisme, genre.