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Journal articles on the topic 'Population changes'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Migranova, Lyudmila, and Vladislav Zharomsky. "Methods of estimating the Level and differentiation of population income." Population 23, no. 4 (December 19, 2020): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.4.3.

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On the basis of data for 2013-2017, the article shows changes in the level, structure and differentiation of the Russian population monetary income after the introduction by Rosstat in 2018 of a new methodology for calculating macro-economic indicators of population monetary income by separate income sources. Comparative analysis of the calculations made by the 1996 and 2018 methods shows significant changes only in the structure of population monetary income, mainly in such income items as work remuneration of employees and other cash receipts. Average per capita income changed slightly (+/-1%). Besides, there are actually no changes in the indicators of differentiation and in the distribution series for population by income despite the fact that the estimation of population inequality was made using the data from the Sample Survey of Population Income (SSPI) instead of the Household Budget Survey (HBS) used before. Based on the data from the Sample Survey of Population Income for 2013-2017, the article shows the relationship between the indicators of wage differentiation and per capita monetary income that differ from the official data, and in our opinion, this is due not only to different information sources, but also to the methods of income inequality estimation for the total population. The article provides variants of calculating differentiation of the RF population monetary income for 2018 using logarithmic normal model with similar per capita monetary income of the total population and different number of the population with per capita income within the range of the set minimum income. As a result, the R/P10% ratio of the RF population income increases in comparison with the officially published indicators of inequality.
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2

López-Cortés, Alejandro. "Population changes of benthic cyanobacteria during a shrimp production operation." Algological Studies/Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement Volumes 94 (September 16, 1999): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/algol_stud/94/1999/245.

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3

Cherkashin, Alexander K. "National characteristics of changes in the hazard of development of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic: mathematical modeling and statistical analysis." POPULATION 23, no. 3 (2020): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.3.8.

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The article develops models and methods for calculating quantitative indicators of the response of the national state and society to the hazard of spreading COVID-19 coronavirus infection in different countries. There are used the concepts, models and methods in reliability theory to describe the development of the epidemiological situation with probability functions (possibilities) of no-failure operations (survival, health protection), probability density (distribution) of the failure (infection rates), integrated hazard of infection, failure rate (risk to take ill), acceptable risk, and manageability of the epidemic situation. Government control is carried out through pressure on the acceptable risk. Based on the results of statistical processing of data on the number of confirmed cases of the disease in different countries, a comparative analysis of the epidemic process in different national circumstances of the fight against the world pandemic was conducted. The reliability functions are based on a double interpretation of the equation of changes in the hazard measure over time and on the factors of development of the epidemic process, in particular, the age structure of the population is taken into account. The mathematical and statistical analyses are based on the exponential hazard equation, which is represented in a semi-logarithmic scale by a linear dependence on time. Nonlinear distortions are due to variations in the controlled value of acceptable risk and show national features of regulating the epidemic load on the population. The results obtained confirm the model's efficiency in clear terms of reliability theory and determine the direction of its improvement in the context of an ongoing global pandemic on the basis of newly emerging data and circumstances for a better understanding of the features of current processes across countries and continents.
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4

Papadimitriou, Anastasios, Dimitrios Chiotis, Georgios Tsiftis, Maria Hatzisimeon, Maria Maniati, Xenofon Krikos, Anastasia Tzonou, and Catherine Dacou-Voutetakis. "Secular growth changes in the Hellenic population in the twentieth century." HORMONES 1, no. 4 (October 15, 2002): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14310/horm.2002.1174.

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5

Greil, Holle, and Anja Schilitz. "Secular changes are different in distinct subgroups of the growing population." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 63, no. 1 (March 11, 2005): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/63/2005/45.

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6

Mortikov, Vitalii. "About surplus of the buyer/seller in the labor market." Population 24, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.2.10.

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The objective of the article — to analyze not only microeconomic, but macroeconomic aspects of surplus of the buyer/seller in the labor market, to research economic policy oriented on its redistribution. The concept of employer/employee surplus in the labor market is clarified. This surplus is a socio-economical phenomenon, some noneconomic factors must be taken into account in researching it. The influence of inflation, social and age characteristics, changes in the market positions of labor market subjects on their salary offers and surplus has been determined. It makes sense to differentiate between nominal and real surplus, fixed surplus and surplus that can be influenced. The article presents grouping of job advertisements based on salary formulation. Informational aspects of the identifying economic surplus are considered. The author proposes direct and indirect indicators to reveal the changes in economic surplus: wage proposals in the vacancy announcements, salary reviews, resume data, population polls, prices for services of individual entrepreneurs, dynamics of unemployment and shadow employment etc. Potential of the government policy on surplus redistribution and the regulation of employer/employee behavior is substantiated. Some instruments aimed at such redistribution through incomes of employers, employees are proposed: minimum wages regulations, changes in taxation (personal income taxation, wage taxes); indexation of personal incomes, subsidization of wages, antimonopoly and administrative regulation of prices. The government can also influence the behavior of surplus receivers through immigration policy. The influence of some instruments on surplus regulation is contradictory. Minimum wage regulations can increase and decrease the surplus at the same time.
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7

SHRIBER, M. "Population changes and restaurant success." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 36, no. 3 (June 1995): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8804(95)96936-b.

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8

NOVE, A., and J. A. NEWTH. "CHANGES IN THE SOVIET POPULATION." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 19, no. 1 (May 1, 2009): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1957.mp19001009.x.

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9

Shriber, Michael, Christopher Muller, and Crist Inman. "Population Changes and Restaurant Success." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 36, no. 3 (June 1995): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088049503600319.

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10

Einasto, Jaan. "Cosmology Paradigm Changes." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 56, no. 1 (September 14, 2018): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051748.

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I describe here my background and main steps in my studies. Each following step was a basis for the next one without a certain plan. I started my path with the study of kinematical properties of galactic populations, which smoothly transformed into the calculation of population models of galaxies. I had difficulties in satisfactorily modeling galaxies using population data; this led me to the dark matter problem. Discussing dark matter started a collaboration with Yakov Zel'dovich, which initiated the search for regularities in the distribution of galaxies. The detection of the supercluster-void network or the cosmic web followed.
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11

Kulcsár, László, and David Brown. "Public Perceptions of Population Changes in Hungary." Eastern European Countryside 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10130-009-0002-8.

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Public Perceptions of Population Changes in HungaryThis study examines the public perceptions of population dynamics in Hungary. Based on a representative national sample survey from 2005, we discuss how the general public perceives demographic trends and attitudes people have towards the possible reasons behind these trends and solutions they believe are appropriate to contend with the trends. Rural populations were expected to have poorer knowledge of current population trends and changes and more conservative attitudes toward controversial demographic issues, but this expectation was not supported by the data. Since relatively little research has been conducted on population literacy, this study contributes to a better understanding of how public perceptions on population are formed and how this knowledge and attitudes may affect public policy addressing demographic trends.
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12

Tyurikov, Alexander, Pavel Razov, and Dmitry Markov. "Readiness of Russian students to form individual pension savings." Population 24, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.3.6.

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Pension provision issues are among the most urgent problems in both the world and domestic socio-economic policy, as evidenced by frequent changes in pension legislation. Thus, the Russian pension system has undergone serious changes four times over the past two decades, however, by the standards of developed countries, the pension amount continues to be unsatisfactory. In order to attract long-term financial resources to the national economy and improve the quality of life of future pensioners, the authorities are increasingly demonstrating their interest in pushing the population to participation in the system of non-state pension provision. The article presents the results of a sociological study «Savings strategies of Financial University students», which was aimed at identifying the attitudes of Russian students regarding the formation of individual pension savings in non-state pension funds (NPFs). According to the results obtained, students, in general, are already thinking about their future retirement. However, in order to form savings for future old age, students need a sufficient amount of both current income and income in the long term. The most preferred tools for this are foreign currency, securities and cash rubles; the least interest is caused by services of NPFs and insurance companies, which is due to the ideas of insufficient profitability, as well as the riskiness of the activities of these organizations. To attract a youth audience, NPFs need not only to have a reputation as reliable, transparent and customer-oriented organizations, but also to build good communication with potential investors in order to explain the principles and mechanism of their work.
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13

Tonkikh, Natalia. "Distance employment and parenthood: women's opinions." Population 24, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.3.8.

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The article examines the relationship between two processes: development of distance employment and changes in women's parenting and reproductive behavior. The hypothesis of social effectiveness of the distance format of paid work for women was tested. It was hypothesized that the distance format allows women to perform parenting and social functions more successfully, that the opportunity to work remotely might influence a woman's positive decision to have more children. The empirical basis was formed on the data from a survey of Russian women of fertile age, conducted in May-June 2019. The sample is quota-based, including control by settlement types (megalopolis, city, village), and all Federal Districts of Russia are covered. The article contains descriptive statistics structurally describing the obtained results. A high level of women's readiness to work remotely was revealed. The motivation to telecommuting was higher among respondents who had similar work experience, as well as among women in younger age groups and living in megalopolises. Women's subjective perceptions of the qualitative changes that can occur in connection with the possibility of working remotely are summarized. On the whole, positive effects on parenting and social aspects of women's lives are found to prevail: more time will be available for child development and education; the frequency of visits to cultural and entertainment events with children will increase; the quality of home meals and everyday life will improve. The descriptive evidence confirms the relationship between telecommuting and women's reproductive behavior. The availability of telecommuting can be considered within the system of factors stimulating fertility.
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14

Bunn, Terry J., and John L. Craig. "Population cycles ofRattus exulans: Population changes, diet, and food availability." New Zealand Journal of Zoology 16, no. 3 (July 1989): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1989.10422907.

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15

ISHIDA, Takafumi, Riichi FUKUHARA, and Fumio MUKAI. "Changes in the Population Structure of Japanese Black Cattle Population." Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho 67, no. 2 (1996): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2508/chikusan.67.125.

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16

Lokosov, Vyacheslav. "Assessment of socio-economic risks by method of extremely critical (threshold) indicators." Population 24, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.3.1.

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Method of extremely critical (threshold) indicators of social development, including assessment of socio-economic risks, has been developed in the national sociology, economics, and other social sciences about three decades. For the first time development of the method as a scientific problem was stated in 1994, and there was made an attempt to construct such scale of indicators. Development of the method is going productively. There have been published a series of research works, dissertations that directly or indirectly develop or apply this method, propose different variants of constructing a scale of indicators. We have three basic components of situation diagnosis: the existing social system, the risks (challenges, threats) hampering progressive development of this system, and the extremely critical values of the risk indicators, a certain "red line", going beyond which means an increase in the probability of radical changes and further— collapse of the existing system, its transitional state and reorganization. The research and management tasks are to counteract such risks and to prevent entry of the society into the critical zone; or vice versa, to stimulate transformation of the system. The article provides an assessment of the socio-economic risks by method of extremely critical (threshold) indicators that leads to conclusion about a certain, far from complete and sufficient departure of the Russian society from the critical line of the 90s of the past century, and therefore about a tendency to reduction of the risk of another dismantlement of the existing social system. Along with these positive changes, dangerous disproportions and critical risks remain in many socio-economic indicators, primarily related to demography, population health, standards and quality of life.
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17

Iwakami, Mami. "Changes in Population and Generational Relationships." Kazoku syakaigaku kenkyu 7, no. 7 (1995): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4234/jjoffamilysociology.7.33.

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18

Ngouajio, Mathieu, and Milton E. McGiffen. "Going Organic Changes Weed Population Dynamics." HortTechnology 12, no. 4 (January 2002): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.4.590.

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Organic agriculture is growing in importance worldwide. In the United States, the rate of increase of organic growers was estimated at 12% in 2000. However, many producers are reluctant to undertake the organic transition because of uncertainty of how organic production will affect weed population dynamics and management. The organic transition has a profound impact on the agroecosystem. Changes in soil physical and chemical properties during the transition often impact indirectly insect, disease, and weed dynamics. Greater weed species richness is usually found in organic farms but total weed density and biomass are often smaller under the organic system compared with the conventional system. The improved weed suppression of organic agriculture is probably the result of combined effects of several factors including weed seed predation by soil microorganisms, seedling predation by phytophagus insects, and the physical and allelopathic effects of cover crops.
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19

Cawthon, R. "Table. Population Changes in US Cities*." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 43, no. 4 (April 2001): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200104000-00009.

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20

Byalko, Alex. "World Population and the Climate Changes." Priroda, no. 7 (2018): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0032874x0000258-2.

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21

Smidt, Marc. "Population changes, habitat and urban policies." Netherlands Journal of Housing and Environmental Research 2, no. 2 (June 1987): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02497936.

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22

Patsiorkovsky, Valery V. "Self-employment as response of the part of economically active population to the crisis of standard labor relations." POPULATION 23, no. 1 (2020): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.1.8.

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The article focuses on the analysis of the specifics of self-employment. Self-employment is considered as a special economic structure in the mixed economy of modern Russia. Self-employment is characterized by two forms of labor relations. If it is practiced in the informal sector of the economy, then verbal agreement with payment after completion of work (provision of services) is prevailing. When it is practiced in the real sector of the economy, civil law contract is concluded. In any case, self-employment does not know wage labor and wages. The wide use of self-employment in our country, which has become widespread in recent years, is due to a group of factors. The decisive role among them is played by the state's rejection of universal employment and tight control of labor relations, as well as by the technological changes that are characteristic of the fourth industrial revolution. First of all, this refers to the mass introduction of cyber-physical systems in the production and everyday life of people. These changes, firstly, have a huge impact on the labor market. Secondly, they open up new opportunities for households and, in fact, for self-employment. The article considers the structure and features of separate sectors of self-employment, including individual entrepreneurship, personal subsidiary farming and individual self-employment. Each sector of self-employment is described taking into account its specifics and characteristic features in terms of its nature, functions, motivation, legal regulation, income, etc. A close relationship between self-employment and household is shown. There is given criticism of simplified ideas about self-employment, which consider it as an integral part of precarious employment, as well as in terms of transition from wage labor to entrepreneurship or residual manifestation of entrepreneurship.
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23

Djumabaeva, Shoira Kh. "Demographic potential of the Republic of Karakalpakstan." POPULATION 23, no. 3 (2020): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.3.13.

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This article analyzes dynamics in the population size and composition, natural growth, fertility, mortality, marriage, divorce, and migration in one of the Uzbekistan regions — the Republic of Karakalpakstan. In recent years there has been observed a decrease in the natural population growth, although it remains relatively high. Analysis of the dynamics in fertility shows that in Karakalpakstan over the years of independence the crude birth rate has significantly decreased. The changing attitude of women to family size is closely related to the changes in their role in society and in family — expanding women's participation in public production, their raising awareness and wide use of various modern methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies. This is the main factor in the transition of young people from large families to small and medium-sized families. Mortality rate reflects the health status of population. Although the healthcare system was developing over the years of independence, the incidence of various diseases has increased. As a result, the infant, child and maternal mortality rates remain relatively high. In terms of infant mortality, Karakalpakstan takes one of the leading places in Uzbekistan. This can be partly explained by the poor environmental situation. The number of registered marriages and divorces also affects the demographic processes. Over the years of independence, the marriage rate has decreased, and the divorce rate has increased. The decline in the marriage rate is due to changes in the demographic structure of the country's population. The article also analyzes the dynamics of migration processes since independence. In particular, it shows high proportion of departures, negative migration balance, intensive external migration. The migration process is a result of the impact of various factors and causes. Among the reasons that encourage people to move from one place to another, there are emphasized socioeconomic factors.
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24

Šedivý, J. "Population changes of the potato cyst nematode (Giobodera rostochiensis) during irregular crop rota­tion." Plant Protection Science 35, No. 4 (January 1, 1999): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/9780-pps.

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For a period of 17 years, changes in the n umber of potato cyst nematode (PCN) cysts in the soil and in their contents were studied in two fields with an irregular crop rotation and growing resistant and susceptible potato cultivars. In all years, numbers of cysts per I 00 g of soil were higher at Skorkov (S) than at Ot radovice (0). At the beginning of the experiment, the percentages of empty PCN cysts were 30 and 28%, respectively, but they increased to 92.5 and 94.6%, respectively, by the end of it. The remaining cysts contained dead eggs/larvae and empty egg cases. Thus, the number of cysts per I 00 g of soil cannot be used to estimate the degree of soil infestation with the PCN without also knowing the number of viable stages in the cysts. When the experiment started the mean number of viable eggs/larvae per cyst was 62.7 in fields and 51.3 in field 0; no viable stages of the pest were found at the end of the experiment. Parallel to the decline in the number of viable eggs/larvae per cyst, the numbers of cysts with viable contents also declined in both fields. The mean number of dead eggs/larvae per cyst showed considerable variation in the course of the experiment. In fields it varied within a range of 1 5.9-69.4 individuals per cyst. Over the years the number of empty egg cases per cyst showed an irregular increasing trend. In field S their number varied from 34.9 to 1 97.5 per cyst. In field 0 from 46.3 to 218. No unequivocal negative effect of cropping resistant potato cultivars on the number of PCN cysts in the soil has been ascertained. In most years. The cropping of resistant cultivars was followed by an increased number of empty cysts in soil samples in both experimental fields. The effect of growing resistant cultivars on the number of viable eggs/ larvae was negative in both fields, resulting in decreased mean numbers of viable individuals per cyst. The mean number of dead eggs/larvae per cyst was variable. The number of empty egg cases was usually higher after the harvest of a resistant potato cultivar. The numbers of empty cysts and those with dead contents increased distinctly after an application of pig manure prior to growing the resistant cultivar and in subsequent years. The mean number of cysts in the soil, and of viable stages in the cysts also declined after a crop of rye. Regula r cropping of resistant potato cultivars at 3-year intervals, once interrupted by growing a susceptible plant cultivar, decreased the occurrence of viable stages of the PCN below the detectable level.
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25

Ziółkowska, E. "Linear features of Polish population in the years 1962-1992. Tendencies in changes." Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie 81, no. 3 (November 13, 1997): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zma/81/1997/345.

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26

Aleksandrova, Olga, Aziza Yarasheva, and Yulia Nenakhova. "Professional training of doctors: opinions of experts on problems of the educational process (part 2)." Population 24, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.1.6.

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Among the key goals of the National Project «Healthcare» is provision of state (municipal) medical organizations with qualified medical personnel. This issue has become especially acute in the context of the unfolding fight against the new coronavirus infection. The achievement of the targets set in the National Project largely depends on the quality of training of medical personnel. Meanwhile, noticeable changes have been taking place in the system of medical education in recent years: in the regulatory and legal framework of medical and educational activities, technical equipment and conditions of economic activity of universities, etc. The changing socio-economic context leaves an imprint both on those entering universities, their motivation, and those who train future doctors. The second part of the article continues the presentation of the results of the study «Development of human resources in the capital's health care» carried out in 2019, which concerns both the quantitative aspects of the staffing of medical organizations subordinate to the city, and the quality of medical personnel related to their professional training. Information about the quality of graduates of medical universities and the factors determining it was obtained through a series of in-depth structured interviews with experts, who were representatives of the capital's medical universities and chief doctors of medical institutions. During the survey, the experts expressed their opinion on the organization and content of the educational process, as well as on the problems related to introduction of professional standards, changes in educational programs, emergence of new academic disciplines, technical equipment (including simulators) of educational institutions. Analysis of the expert opinions testifies to the ambiguity of the situation in Russian medical education. It reveals the need for additional study of the issues of expediency of availability, volume (in hours) and distribution of academic disciplines by stages of the educational cycle in medical universities. A serious negative aspect, highlighted by the experts, is still the low level of practical experience, the lack of which sharply reduces the quality of medical education in general.
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27

Avdeev, Yury A., Zinaida I. Sidorkina, and Valentina L. Ushakova. "Demographic development trends in the Russian Eastern Arctic." POPULATION 23, no. 3 (2020): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.3.12.

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The paper considers the features of the demographic processes in the Russian Arctic zone by the example of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the period from 1939 to 2017. The future of the Arctic depends in large part on its demographic potential. What should be the population of the territory, how the space is organized, whether the population is needed, or enough of the watch organization of production: what should be done (or what not to do) so that the way of life of the native and the indigenous population remained in harmony with the environment, and at the same time solved large-scale tasks in the interests of the country. The study uses the method of constructing and comparing demographic pyramids for different time periods. There are specified demographic groups that differ in their reproductive behavior. On this basis, time periods were identified, within which demographic processes were going in different ways that allows us to assess the relationship between the nature and outcome of these processes and the structure of population at different stages of history. Based on the prospective analysis of the demographic processes in the territory of development of this part of the country, there was revealed the specific in the dynamics and features of the formation of the demographic potential through natural reproduction and migration movement of the indigenous people and newcomers. The authors examined the changes in the population structure at the time of population growth due to intensive arrivals before 1990 and the dramatic decrease as a result of the outflow in the 1990 s, which significantly changed the structure of the population, the ratio between different groups. This approach to analysis of demographic indicators may be used in elaboration of strategic plans for socio-economic development of the region. It gives an adequate assessment of the current situation, helps to formulate in strategic documents the goals and objectives of socioeconomic development, to determine the priorities in the regional demographic policy.
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28

Morcillo, Dana O., Ulrich K. Steiner, Kristine L. Grayson, Angelina V. Ruiz-Lambides, and Raisa Hernández-Pacheco. "Hurricane-induced demographic changes in a non-human primate population." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 8 (August 2020): 200173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200173.

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Major disturbance events can have large impacts on the demography and dynamics of animal populations. Hurricanes are one example of an extreme climatic event, predicted to increase in frequency due to climate change, and thus expected to be a considerable threat to population viability. However, little is understood about the underlying demographic mechanisms shaping population response following these extreme disturbances. Here, we analyse 45 years of the most comprehensive free-ranging non-human primate demographic dataset to determine the effects of major hurricanes on the variability and maintenance of long-term population fitness. For this, we use individual-level data to build matrix population models and perform perturbation analyses. Despite reductions in population growth rate mediated through reduced fertility, our study reveals a demographic buffering during hurricane years. As long as survival does not decrease, our study shows that hurricanes do not result in detrimental effects at the population level, demonstrating the unbalanced contribution of survival and fertility to population fitness in long-lived animal populations.
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29

Wiśniewski, Rafał, Barbara Szejgiec-Kolenda, and Przemysław Śleszyński. "Population changes and population ageing in Poland between 1960 and 2011." Geographia Polonica 89, no. 2 (2016): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/gpol.0056.

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30

Długosz, Zbigniew, and Piotr Raźniak. "Population Movement and Changes in Population in European Countries - Present State and Perspectives." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 10, no. 10 (January 1, 2008): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10089-008-0010-x.

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Population Movement and Changes in Population in European Countries - Present State and PerspectivesThis paper aims at presenting the direction of changes and perspectives in populations and the movement of the population of Europe (as broadly defined) against the backdrop of the situation on other continents, as well as highlighting the internal diversity in terms of the realties of the current political divisions in Europe.
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31

Voulgarelis, Dimitrios, Ajoy Velayudhan, and Frank Smith. "Stability of two competing populations in chemostat where one of the population changes its average mass of division in response to changes of its population." PLOS ONE 14, no. 3 (March 27, 2019): e0213518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213518.

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32

Alekseeva, Olga A., Oksana Yu Bestuzheva, Olga N. Vershinskaya, and Elena E. Skvortsova. "Impact of digital transformation on the modern socio-economic order." POPULATION 23, no. 3 (2020): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.3.4.

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The socio-economic order is changing in the 21st century due to the digitalization and robotization of production and management processes, the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The technological stages and directions of digital transformation and the area of its application are briefly described in the article. Both the positive and negative likely impact of AI on human social life are analyzed. The role of AI in improving the quality of life of the population is shown, including overcoming of destructive consequences associated with the COVID-19. The humanitarian benefits associated with the functional use of AI technologies are presented: online interactions provide new opportunities for communication, effective organization of life, for education, work, self-expression and creativity. Challenges and threats to humanity in the process of interaction with AI are Identified and systematized: a person's loss of control over his personal life, taking away work from a person by AI, replacement of professions, changes in employment, digital inequality, reduction of cognitive, social and life skills people, potential ethical conflicts. Ways are outlined by which people could join forces in solving threatening problems and maintaining control over complex networks «people-digit».
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33

Adam, E. Jane. "Changes in the computed tomography patient population." European Radiology Supplements 16, S4 (August 2006): D38—D42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10406-006-0186-1.

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34

Eguía, Begoña, and Cruz A. Echevarría. "Unemployment Rates and Population Changes in Spain." Journal of Applied Economics 7, no. 1 (May 2004): 47–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2004.12040603.

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35

Klein, Ronald, Barbara E. K. Klein, and Kristine E. Lee. "Changes in Visual Acuity in a Population." Ophthalmology 103, no. 8 (August 1996): 1169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(96)30526-5.

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36

GARNETT, ANNE M., and PHILIP E. T. LEWIS. "POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT CHANGES IN REGIONAL AUSTRALIA." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 26, no. 1 (March 2007): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2007.tb00425.x.

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37

Clout, Hugh. "Population Changes in Rural Britain: a Review." Espace, populations, sociétés 4, no. 3 (1986): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/espos.1986.1157.

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38

Devedzic, Mirjana. "Changes in the reproduction of Vojvodina population." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 121 (2006): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn0621197d.

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Important changes in the reproduction of Vojvodina population happened in the second half of XX century. In the end of the century, the society was ruined. A large inflow of refugees in that period, as well as a social and economic situation inappropriate for making birthgiving decisions, raised the questions like how such conditions have influenced the fertility in the population, and whether the trends have continued. This paper analyzes several fertility indicators in Vojvodina over the last five decades focusing especially on the 1990s and early 2000s, in order to explain the major tendencies and the intensity of changes. It shows changes in the number of live births, specific fertility rates, total fertility rates, cohort fertility, woman?s age at first birth, and divorce frequency.
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39

Penjisevic, Ivana, and Milena Nikolic. "Changes in population dynamics of Raška region." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cviji?, SASA 61, no. 3 (2011): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi1103081p.

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40

Steinmetz, Neil D. "Population-specific Conclusions about Modic Endplate Changes." Radiology 255, no. 2 (May 2010): 662–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.100147.

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41

Youn, Ho Joong. "Changes Seen on Echocardiography in Elderly Population." Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound 14, no. 4 (2006): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2006.14.4.136.

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42

Na'aman, Nadav. "Population Changes in Palestine Following Assyrian Deportations." Tel Aviv 20, no. 1 (March 1993): 104–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/tav.1993.1993.1.104.

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43

Parr, S. J. "Population changes of breeding HobbiesFalco subbuteoin Britain." Bird Study 41, no. 2 (July 1994): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00063659409477209.

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HASHIMOTO, TOMOYOSHI, MORIO MATSUZAKI, TSUNEO NITTA, and TADAO KON. "Changes of Bacterial Population in Frozen Soil." Bulletin of Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology 6, no. 2 (1991): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/microbes1986.6.67.

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45

Nikolic, Natacha, and Claude Chevalet. "Detecting past changes of effective population size." Evolutionary Applications 7, no. 6 (June 2014): 663–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12170.

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46

Jørgensen, Torben, Simon Capewell, Eva Prescott, Steven Allender, Susana Sans, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Dirk De Bacquer, et al. "Population-level changes to promote cardiovascular health." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 20, no. 3 (April 18, 2012): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047487312441726.

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47

Chandrasoma, Para. "Cardiac Mucosal Changes in a Pediatric Population." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 27, no. 2 (February 2003): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200302000-00022.

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48

Glickman, Jonathan N., and Robert D. Odze. "Cardiac Mucosal Changes in a Pediatric Population." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 27, no. 2 (February 2003): 276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200302000-00023.

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49

Ma Laurence, J. C., and Gonghao MaCui. "Administrative Changes and Urban Population in China." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 77, no. 3 (September 1987): 373–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00165.x.

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50

Sekiguchi, Takuya, Kohei Tamura, and Naoki Masuda. "Population changes in residential clusters in Japan." PLOS ONE 13, no. 5 (May 9, 2018): e0197144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197144.

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